View allAll Photos Tagged bituminous
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
The state of Pennsylvania is not known for volcanism. In fact, the last volcanic event in the area was approximately 201 million years ago and was associated with flood basaltsof the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province -- from the first breakup of the supercontinent of Pangaea. This rifting stopped and the Gettysburg-Newark Basin was formed as a result. No obsidian from these eruptions has been found. However, in the Pittsburgh region, steel smelting produced large amounts of anthropogenic obsidian, such as pictured above. The steel making process involves heating a mixture of iron ore, limestone and coke (distilled bituminous coal) to temperatures beyond what is needed for the natural formation of obsidian. The impurities in the melt rise to the top and are decanted off and cooled, resulting in slag. I was born and raised in the Pittsburgh area and remember watching molten slag being dumped down the banks of the Ohio River on a regular basis. The molten slag looked like lava as it flowed down the banks and lit the sky up for miles with its orange glow. The specimens pictured above were collected in the town of Baden, where due to decades of steel production, the slag is being mined for use as aggregate.
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
Grube Messel (Messel Pit), Hessen (Hesse), Germany.
It's not much of a sight, but it is geologically and scientifically significant.
Grube Messel is inscribed in the World Heritage List of the UNESCO as Messel Pit Fossil Site.
---quotation from en.wikipedia.org:---
The Messel Pit (German: Grube Messel) is a disused quarry near the village of Messel (Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hesse) about 35 km (22 mi) southeast of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Bituminous shale was mined there. Because of its abundance of well-preserved fossils dating from the middle of the Eocene, it has significant geological and scientific importance. Over 1000 species of plants and animals have been found at the site. After almost becoming a landfill, strong local resistance eventually stopped these plans and the Messel Pit was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site on 9 December 1995. Significant scientific discoveries about the early evolution of mammals and birds are still being made at the Messel Pit, and the site has increasingly become a tourist site as well.
---end of quotation---
Hesse/Taunus short trip August 2014
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
1020-8100-13
The Magee Mine was in operation from 1908 until 1954 by the Westmoreland Coal Company. In 1914 Magee had the largest individual mine output in the entire Ninth Bituminous Coal District (which covered all of Fayette, Westmoreland and Allegheny Counties) with more than 700,000 tons produced that year. They employed 500 men inside the mine alone.
Today, the Magee Mine remains forgotten by most as nature takes her back.
1020-8124-13
The Magee Mine was in operation from 1908 until 1954 by the Westmoreland Coal Company. In 1914 Magee had the largest individual mine output in the entire Ninth Bituminous Coal District (which covered all of Fayette, Westmoreland and Allegheny Counties) with more than 700,000 tons produced that year. They employed 500 men inside the mine alone.
Today, the Magee Mine remains forgotten by most as nature takes her back.
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
Tenth & Glabraith St Improvements 2011 in City of Blue Earth. Concrete paving in lieu of bituminous on six blocks of this ten block street improvement.
One of the most significant changes in early railroad technology was the switch to a horizontal boiler from the vertical boiler used on Grasshopper locomotives. By 1837, B&0 President Louis McLane took interest in the Norris Locomotive Works in Pennsylvania. Their locomotives could travel faster because of the flexible 4-2-0 wheel arrangement and fuel efficient and higher capacity honizontal boiler. The horizontal boiler allowed larger, more powerful engines that burned bituminous coat and wood.
The B&O purchased its first horizontal boiler engine from Norris and named it Lafayette." It was nicknamed a "one-armed-Billy" for its single piston connecting to its driving wheel and after its designer, William Norris. The Lafayette entered service in 1837 and represents the first true passenger engine. The 4-2-0 locomotives on the B&O were used for passenger service and pulled small closed coaches with end platforms and center aisles on the newly opened Washington Branch between Baltimore and Washington. In the fall of 1839, the B&O received its first 4-4-0 locomotives. Shortly after, the 4-2-0s were regulated to light local trains.
Though this locomotive's design was popular at its inception, it was short lived; most were gone by the 1860s. In 1927, a replica of the "Lafayette" was built for the Fair of the Iron Horse. The "Lafayette" was renamed after one of the B&O's first engineers, William Galloway. The "Lafayette" has appeared in the following motion pictures: "Wells Fargo" (1937), "Stand up & Fight" (1939), "The Great Locomotive Chase" (1956) and "Amistad" (1997).
The Lafayette pulls a reproduction of an early B&O passenger coach called the "Maryland." Richard Imlay, a Baltimore carriage builder, built six carriages for the B&O for use on the track leading to Ellicott's Mills from Baltimore in 1830. Imlay used the pattern and design of the standard turnpike stagecoach to develop his rail cars. The carriage body was perched on four un-sprung wheels and cradled by heavy leather straps, and a brake lever was placed next to the outside seat. These carriages were meant for use on low speed horse operation railroads and, later, early steam locomotives. The railroad soon learned that these desians were impractical because they were unstable and passengers were discomforted by the hot ash and cinders blowing back in their direction. In addition, railroads found that passengers wanted the freedom to stand up and move around while traveling, which eventually led to the adoption of standard rectangular coaches with center aisles and bench seats.
(From museum label)
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
Cottage Hill (Dan Hanna Farm)
Postmark 1910
Pictured is the coach barn at Cottage Hill Farm.
Cottage Hill Farm was the summer home, as he termed it, of Dan Hanna. Hanna was the son of Cleveland businessman, U.S. Senator, and presidential kingmaker Marcus (Mark) Hanna, and the grandson of Daniel Pomeroy Rhodes. Both the Hanna and Rhodes families made sizeable fortunes from iron, bituminous coal, and railroads. The younger Hanna was a partner in his father's business; he also tried to revive two failing Cleveland newspapers, without long-term success. In the process, though, he built a notable Cleveland building, the Ledger Building, which still stands.
The farm is located at 5555 Newton Falls Road, just east of Ravenna. The first construction on the house was completed by Edmund B. Bostwick, in either 1817 or 1834 (reports differ), but he never lived in it. After a few changes in ownership, Sophia Lord Rhodes, the wife of Daniel Pomeroy Rhodes, acquired the property in 1860. Daniel Rhodes was the vice president of the Western Reserve Horse Breeders' Association, and used the property for breeding racehorses. Dan Hanna purchased the property from his grandparends in the first decade of the 20th Century, added considerably more land, and expanded the house into a 19,345 square foot mansion. Supposedly a few of the walls in the expanded mansion were brought from Buckingham Palace. He owned nine other farms in the area, all of which are now within the confines of the former Ravenna Arsenal, now Camp James A. Garfield.
During his time in Portage County, Hanna undertook numerous projects, few of which were as successful as he might have hoped. He built the largest barn in Ohio at Cottage Hill in 1909, but it burned to the ground two years later. The coach barn pictured here was a replacement for that barn. He attempted to rescue the perennially troubled Ravenna fair, but pulled out over a business dispute. He initiated a campaign to build better roads in the county, but his plans were ultimately rejected, although a few roads were built as a result. He also championed scientific farming, particularly in breeding livestock. His most lasting contribution was probably providing significant funding for Ravenna's Immaculate Conception school.
After WWI, Hanna divested himself of his Portage County properties. He died in 1921 at his 168-acre estate in Ossining, New York. The Ravenna property then passed to one of his four ex-wives, Mary Stuart Hanna.
Much later, in the late 1950s, the Cottage Hill estate became the short-lived Silver Spur Ranch country club. Later still, it was a survivalist center. Since the 1990s, successive owners have done various repairs and renovations. The house sold again for $950,000 in August, 2021.
Sources:
GFR
RR
Portage County Regional Planning Commission walking tours of Ravenna Historic Structures (Other Historical ), at storymaps.arcgis.com
Maria McGinnis, "The first mansion in Portage County can be yours for $1.25 million," in The Portager, October 16, 2020
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
A train of empties being drug back up into the hills of Kentucky for another load of high volatility bituminous
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
Calotropis procera or Apple of Sodom, Rubber Bush. Rubber Bush (Calotropis procera), apple of sodom • Hindi: आक Aak, मुदर Mudar in Aravalli Biodiversity Park, Gurgaon first seen and reported on 04.03.16, and now the fruit seen on 7.04.16.The green globes are hollow but the flesh contains a toxic milky sap that is extremely bitter and turns into a gluey coating resistant to soap. The fruit is described by the Roman Jewish historian Josephus, who saw it growing near Sodom: "...as well as the ashes growing in their fruits; which fruits have a color as if they were fit to be eaten, but if you pluck them with your hands, they dissolve into smoke and ashes." John Milton alludes to this plant in his epic poem, "Paradise Lost", while describing the fruit that Satan and his cohorts eat after having tempted Adam and Eve to eat an apple from the Tree of the knowledge of Good and Evil:
The Frutage fair to sight, like that which grew
Neer that bituminous Lake where Sodom flam'd;
This more delusive, not the touch, but taste
Deceav'd; they fondly thinking to allay
Thir appetite with gust, instead of Fruit
Chewd bitter Ashes, which th' offended taste
With spattering noise rejected: oft they assayd
Hunger and thirst constraining...
(bk. 10, ll. 520–528)
University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics,
School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, "Bituplaning: A Low Dry Friction Phenomenon of New Bituminous Road Surfaces" By John Charles Bullas BSc MSc MIAT MIHT FGS May 2007 Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
Egypt, wood
This magical sculpture depicts the god Bes protecting Horus as a child. Notice the faded hieroglyphs on the back. Pouring water over the words unleashed their power.
Zoëga’s comments on the underside of the accompanying drawing show that he exchanged technical information about the object with scholars in England: ‘British Museum. Sycamore wood, covered with a bituminous substance like pitch, above which the hieroglyphs are painted in yellow.’ The sculpture had been part of the British Museum’s collection since 1785.
[British Museum]
Taken in the Exhibition
Hieroglyphs: Unlocking Ancient Egypt
(October 2022 - February 2023)
For centuries, life in ancient Egypt was a mystery.
We could only glimpse into this hidden world, until the discovery of the Rosetta Stone provided the key to decoding hieroglyphs, allowing us to read this ancient script. The breakthrough expanded our understanding of human history by some 3,000 years.
Marking 200 years since the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphs, this major exhibition took visitors through the trials and hard work that preceded, and the revelations that followed, this ground-breaking moment.
Hieroglyphs were not just beautiful symbols, they represented a living, spoken language. From romantic poetry and international treaties, to shopping lists and tax returns, the hieroglyphic inscriptions and ancient handwriting in this exhibition revealed stories that are fantastically varied. As well as an unshakeable belief in the power of the pharaohs and the promise of the afterlife, ancient Egyptians enjoyed good food, writing letters and making jokes.
The show charted the race to decipherment, from initial efforts by medieval Arab travellers and Renaissance scholars to more focussed progress by French scholar Jean-François Champollion (1790–1832) and England’s Thomas Young (1773–1829). The Rosetta Stone, discovered in 1799, with its decree written in hieroglyphs, demotic and the known language of ancient Greek, provided the key to decoding the ancient signs. The results of the 1822 breakthrough proved staggering.
Using inscriptions on the very objects that Champollion and other scholars studied, this immersive exhibition helped visitors to unlock one of the world’s oldest civilisations.
[British Museum]