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The Abbey Riedern am Wald is located at Riedern am Wald in the district of Ühlingen-Birkendorf, within the Southern Black Forest region of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

This former monastery is situated in the Ortsteil (a named subdivision or section of a human settlement) of Riedern am Wald, known for its scenic beauty and proximity to the Swiss border. The area lies between the Upper Rhine and the High Black Forest, at an altitude of 450 to 950 metres.

 

Riedern am Wald is one of several villages in Ühlingen-Birkendorf, which is a popular destination for outdoor activities such as hiking and rock climbing. The abbey itself is a historically significant site, although detailed historical information about it is not widely documented online. The Black Forest region surrounding Ühlingen-Birkendorf offers picturesque landscapes, cultural heritage, and opportunities to explore traditional architecture. Chat GPT

 

The external facade of the former Augustinian monastery has been elaborately restored, turning it into a great venue for various cultural events. These range from lectures or chamber music evenings to open-air events in the beautiful monastery gardens. It also houses the Propstei Museum with its collection of old writings and religious objects. The museum was extended to include an exhibition of works by Erich Rastätter in December 2014.

 

The “Propstei St. Leodgar” Museum in Riedern exhibits:

 

- Various baroque objects from the 18th century

 

- A collection of writings that date back as far as the 16th century

 

- Religious objects from four centuries

 

- The Heinrich-Ernst-Kromer room

 

- A school museum: a glimpse into the schools at the end of the 19th / beginning of the 20th century

 

The museum can only be visited during a guided tour.

 

Tours always take place on the first Sunday of every month at 2:30 pm. Group tours can be arranged on request.

Reference - www.hochschwarzwald.de/en/attractions/abbey-riedern-am-wa...

 

Riedern am Wald is an Ortsteil (a named subdivision or section of a human settlement) of the municipality of Ühlingen-Birkendorf in the Waldshut district of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Notable people from the area include artist Heinrich Ernst Kromer and Pope Benedict XVI's personal secretary, Msgr. Georg Gänswein. Wikipedia

 

Riedern am Wald and Ühlingen are not the same place, though they are in close proximity to each other.

Riedern am Wald is a village or district (Ortsteil) within the municipality of Ühlingen-Birkendorf, located in the Waldshut district of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Ühlingen-Birkendorf is a larger administrative unit that encompasses several smaller villages, including Riedern am Wald, Berau, Brenden, and others​

​While Ühlingen is a central part of the municipality, Riedern am Wald is a distinct locality within its boundaries. Both are part of the scenic Southern Black Forest region, known for its natural beauty and proximity to Switzerland​. Chat GPT

 

Most of the historical information about this historic Monastery, now back in the hands of the Catholic Church after being in private hands for many years, is able to be perused here -

www.kath-schluechttal.de/pfarrgemeinden/riedern-am-wald/p...

   

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Raintrees Native and Rainforest Gardens - Diamond Beach, NSW

 

On the 27th of April 2025 we were pleased to finally see enough rain to make the creek flow yet remain nicely contained within its banks, without any flooding.

Since January 2025 the creek hadn't got out of its banks, despite regular falls of rain, most of which didn't exceed 10mm, leading up to the end of April 2025.

Of course, the period late May 2025 saw record and devastating flooding in the Manning River catchment with the Manning River exceeding its previous record flood height, reaching 6.44m. The flooding lasted more than a week with in excess of 700mm of rain in some parts of the Manning catchment over the period. Several important bridges were lost including the Bight Bridge at Wingham and the Tiri Bridge further up river, not to mention the complete washout of the runups to relatively new concrete bridges like Leslie’s Bridge, Gloryvale, Bretti and Giro which will keep Thunderbolts way closed for many months.

Interestingly although the Oxley Highway remains closed due to landslides at Mt Seaview apparently its still possible to link to the Oxley Highway via Wingham and Elands across Knoddingbull Road though the isolation and the poor road condition means its definitely not a recommended route west to Walcha or Tamworth. I've seen comments on Facebook which suggest that although Thunderbolts Way is cut by bridge washouts west of Gloucester there is an alternative gravel road route via Wingham, Cooplicurripa and Nowendoc that has remained accessible, in the right vehicle. The last time I travelled this road it was in poor condition but some comments I've seen on Facebook suggest the road is drivable in the right car.

In normal circumstances there is an alternate route to Tamworth from Taree or Forster via the Buckets Way to Gloucester then up to Barrington Tops and through Barrington Tops National Park to Scone then up the New England Highway to Tamworth. This route however has remained closed due to bridge washouts.

 

Last week in the midst of all the flooding I needed to drive to Tamworth and with all roads west closed or unsuitable for a Tesla Model Y I elected travel south to Hexham then via the New England Highway to Murrurundi and Willow Tree and on to Tamworth, effectively a 6 hour trip.

The New England Highway was dreadful and full of potholes so

for our return journey we looked at what our options were. We'd heard that the the Waterfall Way had reopened after being closed by landslide at Thora, just west of Bellingen, so we decided to come home from Tamworth via Armidale, Dorrigo, Bellingen and Port Macquarie. The Pacific Highway had been closed at Coopernook for a week but fortunately it too had reopened allowing us to return home to Diamond Beach.

That round trip was close to 1000km and interestingly as it turned out the Waterfall Way leg was about 50km shorter than the Hexham route, though it was an hour slower.

 

Taree and the Manning Valley's late May 2025 flood was designated a 1 in 500-year flood (or 1 in 600 years depending on how its calculated) and its possible another equivalent flood could occur at any time though the fact that this flood occurred quite late in the season could reduce the risk factors.

 

Fortunately, Raintrees only flooded very minimally in the subsequent rain that arrived in late May of 2025, despite our proximity to the record flooding in the Manning River.

The ground was so saturated however that we had at least 8 trees fall over, several of them too large to stand back up again. They'll need removal while attempts will be made to replant and star picket stake the others and hope for the best.

 

In the years 2020 through to 2025 lots of Lomandra histrix and Lomandra spicata have planted along the creek line here to help minimise erosion.

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The Urner Boden high Alpine plain stretches along the Klausen Pass and covers an area of approximately 46 square kilometres (about 11,367 acres). This expansive plain is renowned for its pastoral beauty, with grazing cattle, lush meadows, and breathtaking views of the surrounding alpine peaks. The Urner Boden high Alpine plain is the largest such area in Switzerland and in the summer, there can be up to 1200 cows on the Urner Boden and approximately 700 on the Gemsfairenalp and the Fiseten.

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Wirtshaus Hirschen, also known as Restaurant Hirschen "La Sorpresa," is a renowned establishment located at Gotthardstrasse 93 in Amsteg, Switzerland. The restaurant offers a blend of Italian and Mediterranean cuisine, with a focus on traditional dishes and homemade specialties.

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The Hanoi Presidential Palace was constructed in 1906, while Vietnam was a French colony. The building took 7 years to build and is highly regarded as a building of historical and architectual significance.

When the palace was completed, it became known as the Indochina Governor Palace but since Independence Day in 1945, the building has been referred to as The Presidential Palace.

 

The Hanoi Presidential Palace is located not far from the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum and Parade Grounds. It is not accessible to the public. The building is now used for official receptions for important foreign dignitaries.

When Ho Chi Minh came to power he refused to use the building as his personal residence, preferring to live in a traditional stilt house further into the palace grounds. By taking this stance he believed he was setting a symbolic example to the Vietnamese people showing that he shared and understood their struggles.

Ho Chi Minh officially began his leadership in Vietnam on September 2, 1945, After Japan's surrender in World War II. He declared the independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) from French colonial rule. This marked the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam), with Ho Chi Minh as its first President and Prime Minister. This event is considered the beginning of his leadership in Vietnam.

Ho Chi Minh remained the leader of North Vietnam until his death on September 2, 1969, exactly 24 years after declaring independence.

Ho Chi Minh did not live to see the reunification of North and South Vietnam. He passed away in 1969, six years before the war ended and Vietnam was unified under the control of the North Vietnamese government. After his death, the war continued until 1975, when the North Vietnamese forces achieved victory and the country was unified as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

The Vietnam War is generally considered to have begun in 1955. The conflict intensified when the United States became heavily involved in the early 1960s.

The Vietnam War ended on April 30, 1975, when North Vietnamese forces captured Saigon, now known as Ho Chi Minh City, leading to the reunification of Vietnam under communist control.

   

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The Hippenseppenhof Farmhouse, built in 1599, is the oldest building in the Black Forest Open-Air Museum (Schwarzwälder Freilichtmuseum Vogtsbauernhof), located in Gutach, Germany. The museum showcases the architectural, cultural, and agricultural history of the Black Forest region through a collection of farmhouses, barns, and other historical structures. These buildings, spanning from the 16th to the 19th century, have been carefully dismantled, transported, and reconstructed at the museum site.

 

The Hippenseppenhof itself highlights the traditional craftsmanship of the era, with exhibitions focusing on cuckoo clocks and wickerwork—important cultural products of the Black Forest. The museum also features interactive exhibits and workshops demonstrating local traditions, including straw painting and woodworking. Guided tours in both German and English provide an in-depth look at the region's heritage.

 

The museum offers more than just historical exploration—it includes modern amenities like the nearby Cuckoo's Nest restaurant, which serves fresh, locally sourced dishes and offers regional memorabilia for visitors to take home​

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The Klausen Pass Hotel, officially known as the Hotel Klausenpasshöhe, is an iconic establishment located at the summit of the Klausen Pass in the Swiss Alps. Here's an overview of its history:

 

Early History

 

Construction: The original Hotel Klausenpasshöhe was constructed in 1903, coinciding with the completion of the Klausen Pass road in 1899 connecting the cantons of Uri and Glarus.

Its construction facilitated increased travel and tourism in the region during a time when alpine tourism was becoming increasingly popular in Switzerland.

Purpose: Initially, the hotel served as a rest stop for travellers traversing the pass, including tourists, traders, and locals. Its location at an altitude of about 1,948 metres made it an ideal spot for rest and refreshment.

 

20th Century

Growth of Tourism: The hotel played a significant role in promoting alpine tourism, attracting hikers, mountaineers, and motorists. The panoramic views of the surrounding peaks and valleys made it a popular destination.

 

Racing History: The Klausen Pass became famous for hosting the Klausenrennen, a mountain road race held between 1922 and 1934. The hotel served as a base for spectators and participants of the race, adding to its prominence.

 

Challenges and Renovations

 

Seasonal Accessibility: Due to its high altitude, the Klausen Pass and the hotel are only accessible during the summer months, as heavy snowfall closes the pass in winter. This seasonal nature has always been a challenge for operations.

 

Modern Era

 

Present-Day Role: In 2021, the historic hotel was replaced by a new, modern structure designed to blend seamlessly with the alpine environment. This contemporary building, situated slightly below the original site, features large window facades offering panoramic views and utilizes natural materials like stone and wood to harmonize with the surrounding landscape.

The new Hotel Klausenpass continues the legacy of its predecessor, providing hospitality to travelers and maintaining its status as a notable landmark on the Klausen Pass. Chat GPT

  

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Burg Gutenberg is a historic hilltop castle located in Balzers, a town in the southern part of Liechtenstein. It is one of the most iconic landmarks in the country. Here are some key facts about the castle:

 

Historical Background

Origins: The site of the castle dates back to the Middle Ages. Archaeological evidence shows that it was initially a church site and possibly settled during the Neolithic period.

Construction: The castle was built in stages during the 12th century, with significant fortifications added in later centuries.

Strategic Role: Like many castles of its time, Burg Gutenberg served as a defensive fortress, protecting the region and its trade routes.

Abandonment: By the 18th century, the castle had fallen into disrepair and was no longer inhabited.

Ownership and Modern Use

Restoration: In the 20th century, the castle was restored by its private owner, Dr. Egon Rheinberger, a Liechtenstein-born architect and artist, who aimed to preserve its medieval character.

Current Ownership: Burg Gutenberg is owned by the Municipality of Balzers.

Residents: The castle does not serve as a residence today. It is maintained as a cultural site and used for events, exhibitions, and tours.

Features

Chapel: The castle's chapel is one of its best-preserved features and remains a highlight for visitors.

Rose Garden: The castle has a beautiful rose garden that is open to visitors, offering a peaceful place to enjoy views of the surrounding countryside.

Tower: The imposing keep provides a glimpse into medieval defensive architecture.

Access: The castle is accessible via a walking path from Balzers.

Visitation

Burg Gutenberg is open to the public, with specific areas accessible for tours and events.

It is often used for cultural events, such as concerts and medieval-themed festivals.

The grounds and exterior are a popular spot for tourists due to the breathtaking views of the Alps and the Rhine Valley. CHAT GPT

 

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The Gospel of Matthew (2:1–12) speaks of Magi, or wise men

(Caspar, Melchior, and Balthasar), who followed a star from the East to Bethlehem in search of a newborn king. There they found Mary and the baby Jesus and offered him gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh.

Three Kings Day, or El Dia de Reyes, remains an important holiday for Catholics.

  

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The Reformed Church of Ennetbühl was established in 1755.

It is associated with the Swiss Reformed Church, which follows the Reformed (Calvinist) tradition of Protestant Christianity. This denomination is one of the largest in Switzerland and is rooted in the teachings of reformers such as Huldrych Zwingli and John Calvin. The Swiss Reformed Church is known for its emphasis on scripture, simplicity in worship, and a decentralized church structure.

Ennetbühl became an independent parish for the Reformed community. Prior to its establishment, parishioners from Ennetbühl were part of the parishes of Nesslau or Krummenau.

 

Ennetbühl is a village located in the municipality of Nesslau, within the Toggenburg region of the canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland. The municipality of Nesslau was formed on January 1, 2013, through the merger of the former municipalities of Nesslau-Krummenau and Stein.

 

The Toggenburg region, where Ennetbühl is situated, is characterized by its diverse landscape, including flat terrain, gently rolling hills, and jagged mountains. Historically, the inhabitants of this region primarily engaged in farming, with the weaving industry providing a supplementary income. The emergence of the manual embroidery industry led to the conversion of domestic weaving cellars into embroidery workshops.

 

Today, Ennetbühl and its surrounding areas offer various recreational activities, such as the Schneeschuhtrail Hemberg–Ennetbühl, a snowshoe trail that allows visitors to explore the picturesque landscapes of the region.

 

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The schoolhouse in Wassen, Switzerland, seen here on the left, is a notable structure built from local granite extracted from the nearby Antonini quarry. This quarry, operational since the opening of the Gotthard railway in 1882, supplied granite for various constructions, including the schoolhouse and the Antonini residence in Wassen.

 

Adjacent to the schoolhouse on the right is the Antonini residence, also constructed from the same local granite. This proximity highlights the historical significance of the quarrying industry in the region and its influence on local architecture.

 

Directly behind the schoolhouse and the Antonini building is the prominent peak, Windgällen. This mountain is part of the Glarus Alps and is a distinctive feature of the local landscape.

The Windgällen massif includes peaks such as the Gross Windgällen, which rises to an elevation of 3,187 meters. The mountain's rugged terrain and impressive stature make it a notable landmark in the region.

   

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The Hanoi Presidential Palace was constructed in 1906, while Vietnam was a French colony. The building took 7 years to build and is highly regarded as a building of historical and architectual significance.

When the palace was completed, it became known as the Indochina Governor Palace but since Independence Day in 1945, the building has been referred to as The Presidential Palace.

 

The Hanoi Presidential Palace is located not far from the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum and Parade Grounds. It is not accessible to the public. The building is now used for official receptions for important foreign dignitaries.

When Ho Chi Minh came to power he refused to use the building as his personal residence, preferring to live in a traditional stilt house further into the palace grounds. By taking this stance he believed he was setting a symbolic example to the Vietnamese people showing that he shared and understood their struggles. That building is open to the public.

 

Ho Chi Minh officially began his leadership in Vietnam on September 2, 1945, After Japan's surrender in World War II. He declared the independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) from French colonial rule. This marked the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam), with Ho Chi Minh as its first President and Prime Minister. This event is considered the beginning of his leadership in Vietnam.

Ho Chi Minh remained the leader of North Vietnam until his death on September 2, 1969, exactly 24 years after declaring independence.

Ho Chi Minh did not live to see the reunification of North and South Vietnam. He passed away in 1969, six years before the war ended and Vietnam was unified under the control of the North Vietnamese government. After his death, the war continued until 1975, when the North Vietnamese forces achieved victory and the country was unified as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

The Vietnam War is generally considered to have begun in 1955. The conflict intensified when the United States became heavily involved in the early 1960s.

The Vietnam War ended on April 30, 1975, when North Vietnamese forces captured Saigon, now known as Ho Chi Minh City, leading to the reunification of Vietnam under communist control.

   

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Raintrees Native and Rainforest Gardens - Diamond Beach, NSW

 

During 2019 much of the NSW Mid North Coast experienced arguably one of the worst extended droughts and subsequent bushfire seasons since the 1788 British colonisation of Australia. During 2019 the annual rainfall recorded on the lower Mid North Coast of NSW was just 478 mm, as compared to normal years where annual rainfall ranges from 1200 to 1600mm per year.

This event significantly impacted Raintrees Native and Rainforest Gardens, a rainforest arboretum at Diamond Beach.

Many trees died but significant numbers of planted Archontophoenix cunninghamiana - Bangalow Palms wilted causing them to drop over in the crownshaft resulting in a phenomenon called 'Crown Collapse'. Once the crown and emerging fronds suffer 'Crown Collapse' its only a matter of time before the entire crown and fronds of the palm dry out and die.

At Raintrees Native and Rainforest Gardens this event resulted in near on 100 palms dying, many at least 8-10m tall.

Most of the deaths occurred here in the area which has come to be known as the Forest of Conspiracy so named as the drought of 2019 coincided with the emergence of many conspiracy theories which became associated with the Trump administration in the USA from 2016 to 2020.

With so many dead palms presenting a serious fire risk it became necessary to cut them down during February March of 2020. When this task was complete the entire forest here was almost bare of plants. With the drought effectively breaking on January 8th 2020 It was decided that no more Bangalow Palms would be planted here and instead, the area which was enclosed by a circular track, came to be known as Fake News Loop. This area was replanted in March April with hardy subtropical and dry rainforest species.

With so many dead palms, before any planting could occur, it became necessary to burn the fronds and trunks to avoid further fire risk in the coming spring. An area was cleared out and made safe for burning. That area became known as Cove 19. At the time NSW was subject to strict Covid 19 socialisation restrictions. Our neighbours nevertheless were undeterred and when they saw the fires happening, they'd visit with a bottle of red wine and we would sit around the fire, socially distanced of course.

This led to plans to eventually pave this area and build seating, making it a permanent social space in the midst of the Forest of Conspiracy.

The paving and construction of seating was finally completed in May of 2025, though some landscaping still remains.

Cove 19 is now a peaceful place of retreat in the middle of the forest, a place I now enjoy visiting most days.

   

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The Hanoi Presidential Palace was constructed in 1906, while Vietnam was a French colony. The building took 7 years to build and is highly regarded as a building of historical and architectual significance.

When the palace was completed, it became known as the Indochina Governor Palace but since Independence Day in 1945, the building has been referred to as The Presidential Palace.

 

The Hanoi Presidential Palace is located not far from the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum and Parade Grounds. It is not accessible to the public. The building is now used for official receptions for important foreign dignitaries.

When Ho Chi Minh came to power he refused to use the building as his personal residence, preferring to live in a traditional stilt house further into the palace grounds. By taking this stance he believed he was setting a symbolic example to the Vietnamese people showing that he shared and understood their struggles.

Ho Chi Minh officially began his leadership in Vietnam on September 2, 1945, After Japan's surrender in World War II. He declared the independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) from French colonial rule. This marked the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam), with Ho Chi Minh as its first President and Prime Minister. This event is considered the beginning of his leadership in Vietnam.

Ho Chi Minh remained the leader of North Vietnam until his death on September 2, 1969, exactly 24 years after declaring independence.

Ho Chi Minh did not live to see the reunification of North and South Vietnam. He passed away in 1969, six years before the war ended and Vietnam was unified under the control of the North Vietnamese government. After his death, the war continued until 1975, when the North Vietnamese forces achieved victory and the country was unified as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

The Vietnam War is generally considered to have begun in 1955. The conflict intensified when the United States became heavily involved in the early 1960s.

The Vietnam War ended on April 30, 1975, when North Vietnamese forces captured Saigon, now known as Ho Chi Minh City, leading to the reunification of Vietnam under communist control.

   

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This small Retention pond is designed to receive stormwater flowing from the top of our property, allowing it to slowly seep into the soil profile. Swales higher up the block serve to redirect and redistribute stormwater to areas of best use lower down.

This small pond had become filled with leaves and sticks and hadn't been dug out for at least 3 years.

The job was achieved with the aid of 2 excellent French Help X workers, Victoire Bodhuin & Robin Launay in early February 2024.

It filled just a week after and is now, at 30th March 2024, just about dried up after one of the drier February March periods we've seen in a while. Nevertheless, we've had a few light rain events at night with 1-5mm recorded and without a single heavy rain event in March. This is unusual but the light falls have sustained lawns and tree growth reasonably well as we head into April 24. Hopefully we get some decent soaking rain to take us into winter.

 

I asked Microsoft CoPilot about Retention Ponds -

 

A retention pond (also known as a detention basin) is not a dam per se, but it serves a similar purpose. It is an artificial basin designed to temporarily hold and manage stormwater runoff. Retention ponds slow down water flow, allowing sediment to settle and preventing flooding downstream. They are commonly used in urban areas to control runoff from heavy rainfall.

Seepage Control: In any dam, controlling seepage is crucial. Techniques such as providing an impervious core (usually made of clay or concrete) and using filters (such as gravel or sand) help manage seepage.

   

iPhone 14 Giveaway is here. Participate and win a brand new iPhone 14 for free. The price of the iPhone 14 IS $999, you can win for free with this Giveaway. We have an iPhone 14 Pro Max and a free year of AKKO coverage to give away to one lucky MacRumors reader. To enter to win, use the Gleam. #iphone14 #iphone14giveaway #freeiphone14pro #giveawayiphoe14promax #iphone14pro #iphone14promax #appleiphone14 #giveawaycontest #giveaways #applegiveaway

 

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Naurvoo is a substantially modified (Easy 11.6) (38 feet) Catamaran. The design, by Queenslander Peter Snell, was known as an "Easy Catamaran" though it proved anything but that, taking boatbuilder Phil Wright over 12 years of actually building time to complete but actually, over 31 years before it was finally launched on the 19th May 2025.

Phil Wright is the great grandsons of John Wright, founder of Tuncurry, NSW and of Wright Shipyards, a business that began in 1875 with several generations of the family managing the business until its closure in 1958.

Despite this family boat-building connection Phil Wright had no previous experience with building boats.

For some, as yet unexplained reason, in the early 1990’s Phil decided he was going to build a catamaran and go off sailing the oceans of the world. While this is a dream he never came to realise he did in fact ultimately achieve at least the construction of an impressive boat.

The story began in 1994 when he optimistically sought out plans for a suitable catamaran that he could by a process of trial and error teach himself how to build. After selecting Peter Snell's 11.6m Easy Catamaran he began construction of the rudders, frames and keels in his double car garage at Green Point, near Forster, NSW but this space soon proved much too restrictive to allow the project to proceed.

The decision to sell and buy a property with a house and large shed to house the boat was finally taken and in the early 2000's he sold his home in Green Point and moved to Timbertops, an acreage subdivision just north of Darawank, about 10kms north of Tuncurry.

By June of 2010 the boat, which can sleep up to 7 people, was well advanced, though some 16 years after its construction had begun. Construction was at times slow, always dependent on available funds, family circumstances and on the motivation to struggle through difficult construction challenges, often necessitating researching new technologies and materials all the while having to learn new skills.

Phil was also fortunate that he had several friends who were willing to assist him whenever he needed help. While there were many others, two bear particular mention, Laurie Kilham and Robert Smith.

 

16th September 2011

 

Some jobs such as completing the electrical wiring required specialised skills and, in such cases, experts were hired.

Most of the work however was carried out on a trial-and-error basis and sometimes this resulted in errors resulting in the need to rebuild some sections of the boat due to incorrect calculations, building construction methods or faulty selection of building materials or components.

As his knowledge of construction methods, materials and skill level grew progress was made, though lack of motivation and money sometimes meant that the boat sat idle, sometimes for several years before work would continue.

 

However, by February of 2014, some 20 years after construction had begun, the boat was finally ready to be raised to allow rollers to be placed under its keels in readiness to allow it to be winched outside the shed onto two concrete pads.

 

The operation to remove it outside the shed took place on Friday 15th March 2014.

 

On the 20th of February 2016, 22 years after construction began, the boat was moved by crane and lowloader about 250m to two newly laid concrete pads at the front of his Timbertops property.

 

The plan was then to fit it out with rigging, mast and sails and launch it into the Wallamba River as soon as funding became available.

This was going to be a costly exercise at the time involving potentially over $30,000 to complete. With Phil's retirement from paid work at around that time the necessary motivations and finances to complete the sail rigging and move the boat to the water became more and more challenging. This resulted in the boat, though for all intents and purposes finished, remaining on its blocks for another 9 years with almost no further work done on it during that period.

 

Finally, in April of 2025, now 31 years after construction had begun, an offer was made to buy the boat as it was, structurally finished, but for the sail rigging.

After some consideration Phil accepted the offer and finally made the decision to sell the boat to an enthusiastic buyer intent on finally getting it completed and in the water as soon as was possible.

 

The new owners were soon on-site cleaning up the boat and after a bit of hard yakka the boat scrubbed up looking a million dollars.

 

On the 19th May 2025 the boat was finally lifted by crane onto a lowloader and moved to the Wallamba River, north of Tuncurry where in untimely torrential rain the 5 tonne boat was lowered by crane into a rapidly rising Wallamba River.

(On May 21st 2025 Taree, on the Manning River just 30 kms north, suffered its most devastaing flood in recorded memory with the river rising to 6.44 m.)

It was a joy to behold for those who had watched this boats construction over such long a period to see it finally hit the water.

Phil had always had concerns that the boat would be too heavy however once floating of its own accord it became clear it was sitting perfectly in the water, a great source of relief for all involved.

With the rain tumbling down it wasn't long before the new owners were able to get the twin outboards on the boat fired up and immediately move it downstream to Tuncurry then across Wallis Lake to Coomba Bay, on the southern end of Wallis Lake.

 

Flickr Album - Moving - Launching Naurvoo

 

The whole operation was carried out just a day before the Wallamba River broke its banks and flooded.

With the boat now at Coomba Bay the owners, Lee and Debbie Roper plan to crane the boat out of the water onto dry land where the vessel will be fully rigged and some structural changes made.

Once the necessary work is completed the boat will be renamed "Affinity 3 of Naurvoo" and then sailed down the coast to Brisbane Water on the lower Central Coast where it will be permanently based in Hardys Bay.

   

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Urnerboden, a picturesque high alpine plain in Switzerland, is situated in the valley at the foothills of several notable mountains in the Swiss Alps. Urnerbodent, accessed via the Klausen Pass is surrounded by the following mountains:

 

Lackistock (2,619 m)

Rot Nossen (2,742)

Signalstock (2,591 m)

 

Fisetengrat (2,615 m)

 

A ridge to the northeast, accessible via the Fisetengrat cable car.

Chamerstock (2,124 m)

 

Located near the southern boundary of Urnerboden, offering panoramic views of the valley.

Glärnisch (2,915 m)

 

A prominent massif to the west, marking the border with the canton of Glarus.

Clariden (3,267 m)

 

A majestic peak to the southeast, part of the Glarus Alps.

Höch Turm (2,666 m)

 

Found on the eastern side of Urnerboden, near the Clariden Glacier.

These mountains frame the Urnerboden plain and contribute to its stunning alpine scenery. The area is a popular destination for hiking, mountaineering, and enjoying nature. - Chat GPT

 

I then asked Chat GPT - What about the Hasatrittli?

Hasatrittli is a less prominent but notable feature in the area surrounding Urnerboden. It is a ridge or spur that forms part of the dramatic terrain of the Glarus Alps, which frame the valley. The Hasatrittli contributes to the area's rugged landscape and is often mentioned in local hiking and mountaineering contexts.

 

It is situated near other peaks and ridges like Fisetengrat and Höch Turm, serving as a transitional feature between the valley floor and the higher alpine terrain. While not as towering as peaks like Clariden, it adds to the diversity of the alpine experience around Urnerboden, offering opportunities for shorter hikes or as a route to more challenging ascents.

 

If you're exploring the area, Hasatrittli could be a part of a day hike, especially for those interested in reaching panoramic viewpoints over the Urnerboden plain.

  

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Burg Gutenberg is a historic hilltop castle located in Balzers, a town in the southern part of Liechtenstein. It is one of the most iconic landmarks in the country. Here are some key facts about the castle:

 

Historical Background

Origins: The site of the castle dates back to the Middle Ages. Archaeological evidence shows that it was initially a church site and possibly settled during the Neolithic period.

Construction: The castle was built in stages during the 12th century, with significant fortifications added in later centuries.

Strategic Role: Like many castles of its time, Burg Gutenberg served as a defensive fortress, protecting the region and its trade routes.

Abandonment: By the 18th century, the castle had fallen into disrepair and was no longer inhabited.

Ownership and Modern Use

Restoration: In the 20th century, the castle was restored by its private owner, Dr. Egon Rheinberger, a Liechtenstein-born architect and artist, who aimed to preserve its medieval character.

Current Ownership: Burg Gutenberg is owned by the Municipality of Balzers.

Residents: The castle does not serve as a residence today. It is maintained as a cultural site and used for events, exhibitions, and tours.

Features

Chapel: The castle's chapel is one of its best-preserved features and remains a highlight for visitors.

Rose Garden: The castle has a beautiful rose garden that is open to visitors, offering a peaceful place to enjoy views of the surrounding countryside.

Tower: The imposing keep provides a glimpse into medieval defensive architecture.

Access: The castle is accessible via a walking path from Balzers.

Visitation

Burg Gutenberg is open to the public, with specific areas accessible for tours and events.

It is often used for cultural events, such as concerts and medieval-themed festivals.

The grounds and exterior are a popular spot for tourists due to the breathtaking views of the Alps and the Rhine Valley. CHAT GPT

 

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After our visit to Triberg Waterfalls it was time to get on the road to our overnight destination, Riedman am Wald near Uhlingen, at the bottom of Germany's Black Forest Region but along the way, a visit to Wutach Gorge beckoned.

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The Old Municipal Clerk's House is a historic building that once served as the residence and office of the municipal clerk, a key figure responsible for maintaining public records and archives.

 

The Rothus Architekturbibliothek was completed in 2008 and is a residential building designed to accommodate elderly residents. It replaces a building from the 18th century, whose name and original colors were retained. finds its own expression in the historic townscape of Wassen, without disturbing the village atmosphere or the elderly residents with radically modern elements. The building condenses the public space and enhances it.

The new Rothus, together with the old municipal clerk's house, occupies the eastern front of the Wassen village square, which is bisected by the busy Gotthardstrasse.

   

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I'm uncertain what the name of this building is, nor what is purpose is. One source said it was the Kornhaus but Chat GPT says it's the Liechtenstein Centre. It doesn't seem to come up in Google Lens image searches for Vaduz.

I've assumed it's Liechtenstein Centre but I would welcome any correction.

   

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Naurvoo is a substantially modified (Easy 11.6) (38 feet) Catamaran. The design, by Queenslander Peter Snell, was known as an "Easy Catamaran" though it proved anything but that, taking boatbuilder Phil Wright over 12 years of actually building time to complete but actually, over 31 years before it was finally launched on the 19th May 2025.

Phil Wright is the great grandsons of John Wright, founder of Tuncurry, NSW and of Wright Shipyards, a business that began in 1875 with several generations of the family managing the business until its closure in 1958.

Despite this family boat-building connection Phil Wright had no previous experience with building boats.

For some, as yet unexplained reason, in the early 1990’s Phil decided he was going to build a catamaran and go off sailing the oceans of the world. While this is a dream he never came to realise he did in fact ultimately achieve at least the construction of an impressive boat.

The story began in 1994 when he optimistically sought out plans for a suitable catamaran that he could by a process of trial and error teach himself how to build. After selecting Peter Snell's 11.6m Easy Catamaran he began construction of the rudders, frames and keels in his double car garage at Green Point, near Forster, NSW but this space soon proved much too restrictive to allow the project to proceed.

The decision to sell and buy a property with a house and large shed to house the boat was finally taken and in the early 2000's he sold his home in Green Point and moved to Timbertops, an acreage subdivision just north of Darawank, about 10kms north of Tuncurry.

By June of 2010 the boat, which can sleep up to 7 people, was well advanced, though some 16 years after its construction had begun. Construction was at times slow, always dependent on available funds, family circumstances and on the motivation to struggle through difficult construction challenges, often necessitating researching new technologies and materials all the while having to learn new skills.

Phil was also fortunate that he had several friends who were willing to assist him whenever he needed help. While there were many others, two bear particular mention, Laurie Kilham and Robert Smith.

 

16th September 2011

 

Some jobs such as completing the electrical wiring required specialised skills and, in such cases, experts were hired.

Most of the work however was carried out on a trial-and-error basis and sometimes this resulted in errors resulting in the need to rebuild some sections of the boat due to incorrect calculations, building construction methods or faulty selection of building materials or components.

As his knowledge of construction methods, materials and skill level grew progress was made, though lack of motivation and money sometimes meant that the boat sat idle, sometimes for several years before work would continue.

 

However, by February of 2014, some 20 years after construction had begun, the boat was finally ready to be raised to allow rollers to be placed under its keels in readiness to allow it to be winched outside the shed onto two concrete pads.

 

The operation to remove it outside the shed took place on Friday 15th March 2014.

 

On the 20th of February 2016, 22 years after construction began, the boat was moved by crane and lowloader about 250m to two newly laid concrete pads at the front of his Timbertops property.

 

The plan was then to fit it out with rigging, mast and sails and launch it into the Wallamba River as soon as funding became available.

This was going to be a costly exercise at the time involving potentially over $30,000 to complete. With Phil's retirement from paid work at around that time the necessary motivations and finances to complete the sail rigging and move the boat to the water became more and more challenging. This resulted in the boat, though for all intents and purposes finished, remaining on its blocks for another 9 years with almost no further work done on it during that period.

 

Finally, in April of 2025, now 31 years after construction had begun, an offer was made to buy the boat as it was, structurally finished, but for the sail rigging.

After some consideration Phil accepted the offer and finally made the decision to sell the boat to an enthusiastic buyer intent on finally getting it completed and in the water as soon as was possible.

 

The new owners were soon on-site cleaning up the boat and after a bit of hard yakka the boat scrubbed up looking a million dollars.

 

On the 19th May 2025 the boat was finally lifted by crane onto a lowloader and moved to the Wallamba River, north of Tuncurry where in untimely torrential rain the 5 tonne boat was lowered by crane into a rapidly rising Wallamba River.

(On May 21st 2025 Taree, on the Manning River just 30 kms north, suffered its most devastaing flood in recorded memory with the river rising to 6.44 m.)

It was a joy to behold for those who had watched this boats construction over such long a period to see it finally hit the water.

Phil had always had concerns that the boat would be too heavy however once floating of its own accord it became clear it was sitting perfectly in the water, a great source of relief for all involved.

With the rain tumbling down it wasn't long before the new owners were able to get the twin outboards on the boat fired up and immediately move it downstream to Tuncurry then across Wallis Lake to Coomba Bay, on the southern end of Wallis Lake.

 

Flickr Album - Moving - Launching Naurvoo

 

The whole operation was carried out just a day before the Wallamba River broke its banks and flooded.

With the boat now at Coomba Bay the owners, Lee and Debbie Roper plan to crane the boat out of the water onto dry land where the vessel will be fully rigged and some structural changes made.

Once the necessary work is completed the boat will be renamed "Affinity 3 of Naurvoo" and then sailed down the coast to Brisbane Water on the lower Central Coast where it will be permanently based in Hardys Bay.

   

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Hallau, located in the canton of Schaffhausen, Switzerland, is a charming village with a population of approximately 1,600 people. It lies within the fertile Klettgau region, known for its extensive vineyards, and is a prominent center for wine production. The area boasts the largest continuous vineyard in German-speaking Switzerland, covering 150 hectares​.

 

The village features notable historical sites, including:

 

St. Moritz Church: This late Gothic church, constructed in 1491 and dedicated to Saint Mauritius, sits prominently on Hallauerberg mountain, offering picturesque views of the village. It is an iconic landmark, sought after as a wedding venue​

The Hallauerhaus: A historic farmhouse from the 17th century, reflecting the architectural and agricultural heritage of the region​

Schaffhausen Wine Museum: Located in Hallau, this museum celebrates the local viticulture heritage and is a must-visit for wine enthusiasts​

Mondglas Glass Factory: This site highlights the traditional craftsmanship of glassmaking​

 

Hallau's historic village lanes, grand town hall, and numerous fountains contribute to its enchanting small-town atmosphere, making it a captivating destination for visitors interested in history and culture.

The historic lanes are narrow, cobblestone streets lined with traditional Swiss homes and buildings, many of which date back centuries. These lanes often feature small squares, gurgling fountains, and stately houses, embodying the rustic elegance of the Klettgau region​.

 

The grand town hall is a centerpiece of the village. This building is notable for its historical significance and architectural design, often serving as a gathering place and symbol of local governance. Its presence adds to the village’s character, offering a glimpse into Hallau’s administrative and cultural history.

 

Together, these features create a timeless atmosphere that attracts visitors interested in exploring the blend of historical architecture and modern village life.

Chat GPT - References Swiss Tourism

   

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At the intersection of Sustenstrasse and Gotthardstrasse in Wassen, Switzerland, there is a notable apartment block. This building serves as a residential complex for both locals and visitors. Its strategic location at the crossroads of two significant alpine routes—the Susten Pass and the Gotthard Pass—makes it a convenient lodging option for travelers exploring the region.

 

The apartment block's architecture reflects traditional Swiss design, harmoniously blending with the surrounding alpine environment. Its proximity to key landmarks, such as the St. Gallus Church, enhances its appeal to those seeking to experience the cultural and natural beauty of Wassen.

Copyright - All Rights Reserved - Black Diamond Images

   

Copyright - All Rights Reserved - Black Diamond Images

 

Naurvoo is a substantially modified (Easy 11.6) (38 feet) Catamaran. The design, by Queenslander Peter Snell, was known as an "Easy Catamaran" though it proved anything but that, taking boatbuilder Phil Wright over 12 years of actually building time to complete but actually, over 31 years before it was finally launched on the 19th May 2025.

Phil Wright is the great grandsons of John Wright, founder of Tuncurry, NSW and of Wright Shipyards, a business that began in 1875 with several generations of the family managing the business until its closure in 1958.

Despite this family boat-building connection Phil Wright had no previous experience with building boats.

For some, as yet unexplained reason, in the early 1990’s Phil decided he was going to build a catamaran and go off sailing the oceans of the world. While this is a dream he never came to realise he did in fact ultimately achieve at least the construction of an impressive boat.

The story began in 1994 when he optimistically sought out plans for a suitable catamaran that he could by a process of trial and error teach himself how to build. After selecting Peter Snell's 11.6m Easy Catamaran he began construction of the rudders, frames and keels in his double car garage at Green Point, near Forster, NSW but this space soon proved much too restrictive to allow the project to proceed.

The decision to sell and buy a property with a house and large shed to house the boat was finally taken and in the early 2000's he sold his home in Green Point and moved to Timbertops, an acreage subdivision just north of Darawank, about 10kms north of Tuncurry.

By June of 2010 the boat, which can sleep up to 7 people, was well advanced, though some 16 years after its construction had begun. Construction was at times slow, always dependent on available funds, family circumstances and on the motivation to struggle through difficult construction challenges, often necessitating researching new technologies and materials all the while having to learn new skills.

Phil was also fortunate that he had several friends who were willing to assist him whenever he needed help. While there were many others, two bear particular mention, Laurie Kilham and Robert Smith.

 

16th September 2011

 

Some jobs such as completing the electrical wiring required specialised skills and, in such cases, experts were hired.

Most of the work however was carried out on a trial-and-error basis and sometimes this resulted in errors resulting in the need to rebuild some sections of the boat due to incorrect calculations, building construction methods or faulty selection of building materials or components.

As his knowledge of construction methods, materials and skill level grew progress was made, though lack of motivation and money sometimes meant that the boat sat idle, sometimes for several years before work would continue.

 

However, by February of 2014, some 20 years after construction had begun, the boat was finally ready to be raised to allow rollers to be placed under its keels in readiness to allow it to be winched outside the shed onto two concrete pads.

 

The operation to remove it outside the shed took place on Friday 15th March 2014.

 

On the 20th of February 2016, 22 years after construction began, the boat was moved by crane and lowloader about 250m to two newly laid concrete pads at the front of his Timbertops property.

 

The plan was then to fit it out with rigging, mast and sails and launch it into the Wallamba River as soon as funding became available.

This was going to be a costly exercise at the time involving potentially over $30,000 to complete. With Phil's retirement from paid work at around that time the necessary motivations and finances to complete the sail rigging and move the boat to the water became more and more challenging. This resulted in the boat, though for all intents and purposes finished, remaining on its blocks for another 9 years with almost no further work done on it during that period.

 

Finally, in April of 2025, now 31 years after construction had begun, an offer was made to buy the boat as it was, structurally finished, but for the sail rigging.

After some consideration Phil accepted the offer and finally made the decision to sell the boat to an enthusiastic buyer intent on finally getting it completed and in the water as soon as was possible.

 

The new owners were soon on-site cleaning up the boat and after a bit of hard yakka the boat scrubbed up looking a million dollars.

 

On the 19th May 2025 the boat was finally lifted by crane onto a lowloader and moved to the Wallamba River, north of Tuncurry where in untimely torrential rain the 5 tonne boat was lowered by crane into a rapidly rising Wallamba River.

(On May 21st 2025 Taree, on the Manning River just 30 kms north, suffered its most devastaing flood in recorded memory with the river rising to 6.44 m.)

It was a joy to behold for those who had watched this boats construction over such long a period to see it finally hit the water.

Phil had always had concerns that the boat would be too heavy however once floating of its own accord it became clear it was sitting perfectly in the water, a great source of relief for all involved.

With the rain tumbling down it wasn't long before the new owners were able to get the twin outboards on the boat fired up and immediately move it downstream to Tuncurry then across Wallis Lake to Coomba Bay, on the southern end of Wallis Lake.

 

Flickr Album - Moving - Launching Naurvoo

 

The whole operation was carried out just a day before the Wallamba River broke its banks and flooded.

With the boat now at Coomba Bay the owners, Lee and Debbie Roper plan to crane the boat out of the water onto dry land where the vessel will be fully rigged and some structural changes made.

Once the necessary work is completed the boat will be renamed "Affinity 3 of Naurvoo" and then sailed down the coast to Brisbane Water on the lower Central Coast where it will be permanently based in Hardys Bay.

   

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The Hippenseppenhof Farmhouse, built in 1599, is the oldest building in the Black Forest Open-Air Museum (Schwarzwälder Freilichtmuseum Vogtsbauernhof), located in Gutach, Germany. The museum showcases the architectural, cultural, and agricultural history of the Black Forest region through a collection of farmhouses, barns, and other historical structures. These buildings, spanning from the 16th to the 19th century, have been carefully dismantled, transported, and reconstructed at the museum site.

 

The Hippenseppenhof itself highlights the traditional craftsmanship of the era, with exhibitions focusing on cuckoo clocks and wickerwork—important cultural products of the Black Forest. The museum also features interactive exhibits and workshops demonstrating local traditions, including straw painting and woodworking. Guided tours in both German and English provide an in-depth look at the region's heritage.

 

The museum offers more than just historical exploration—it includes modern amenities like the nearby Cuckoo's Nest restaurant, which serves fresh, locally sourced dishes and offers regional memorabilia for visitors to take home​.

  

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Hotel Gerig is a traditional, family-run establishment located in the center of Wassen, in the Canton of Uri, Switzerland.

The hotel has been operated by the Gerig family for multiple generations, with Judith and Daniel Lampart-Gerig currently serving as the hosts. Their passion for hospitality is evident in their warm and professional service, ensuring guests feel completely at ease during their stay.

The hotel underwent comprehensive renovations to modernize its facilities while preserving its traditional charm. The updated interior now reflects a blend of contemporary comfort and classic Swiss aesthetics. Notably, the hotel features numerous artistic elements, showcasing Daniel Lampart-Gerig's enthusiasm for painting.

The on-site restaurant offers a variety of fresh and diverse dishes, catering to different tastes. Guests can enjoy their meals in a modern dining area or relax with a beverage in the lounge, all while experiencing the genuine hospitality that the Gerig family is known for.

While specific historical details about the hotel's founding and evolution are limited, its longstanding operation by the Gerig family highlights a deep-rooted commitment to providing quality service and maintaining the hotel's esteemed reputation in the region. Chat GPT

   

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The hand sculpture at O Quy Ho Pass is a popular tourist attraction near the Heaven’s Gate area, which is located at the top of the O Quy Ho Pass in Sapa. This hand-shaped structure is part of the growing trend of creating dramatic, scenic photo opportunities for visitors. It is designed to resemble a giant hand reaching out towards the sky, symbolising an invitation to experience the majestic views of the Hoang Lien Son Mountain range and the surrounding landscape. The concept behind such sculptures often ties into themes of nature and human connection, reflecting the serene and mythical atmosphere of the area.

 

O Quy Ho Pass itself is known for its breathtaking scenery, and the hand sculpture adds a unique, artistic touch to this famous destination. Visitors often come to "hunt clouds" or capture stunning photos with the dramatic mountain backdrop, particularly at sunrise or sunset. This area, including the Heaven’s Gate, is considered one of the best places in Vietnam to witness the grandeur of the Northwest’s natural beauty.

 

If you're interested in exploring this spot, you can also visit nearby attractions like Silver Waterfall and Muong Hoa Valley, making it a well-rounded adventure in the region ​(Vietnam Discovery Travel)​(Lily's Travel Agency)

 

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Can anyone else confirm this tentative ID?

 

Family : Convolvulaceae

 

From Chat GPT -

Cuscuta chinensis and Cassytha filiformis are both parasitic plants with similar growth habits, which can make them superficially similar in appearance. However, they belong to different families and have distinct characteristics that can help distinguish them.

 

Similarities:

Parasitic Nature: Both plants are parasitic and rely on host plants for nutrients.

Twining Growth Habit: They both have twining, thread-like stems that wrap around host plants.

Lack of Leaves: Both species have reduced or absent leaves, relying on their host for photosynthesis.

Differences:

Family:

 

Cuscuta chinensis belongs to the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family.

Cassytha filiformis belongs to the Lauraceae (laurel) family.

Stem Color:

 

Cuscuta chinensis typically has yellow to orange stems.

Cassytha filiformis generally has greenish to yellow-green stems.

Flowers:

 

Cuscuta chinensis has small, white to cream-colored flowers that are generally grouped in clusters.

Cassytha filiformis also produces small flowers, but they are often greenish-white or yellowish and are less conspicuous.

Host Interaction:

 

Cuscuta chinensis attaches to a wide variety of herbaceous and woody plants.

Cassytha filiformis is more commonly found on woody plants and shrubs, often in coastal areas.

Geographical Distribution:

 

Cuscuta chinensis is more widely distributed in agricultural and disturbed areas, including regions like Hanoi.

Cassytha filiformis is more common in coastal and open environments.

Identification Tips:

Examine the color of the stems: Cuscuta chinensis will have more vibrant yellow or orange stems, while Cassytha filiformis will tend toward greenish hues.

Check the environment: Cuscuta chinensis is more likely to be found in agricultural or disturbed inland areas, while Cassytha filiformis is associated with coastal regions.

Look at the flowers: Although both plants have small flowers, the color and arrangement may help in identification.

While they can be mistaken for each other at a quick glance due to their similar twining habit, careful observation of these differences can help correctly identify them.

 

From Chat GPT -

Cassytha filiformis (Lauraceae) is a parasitic plant found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including parts of Southeast Asia. However, it is more commonly found in coastal areas, open forests, and disturbed sites rather than in urban or inland areas.

 

In Vietnam, Cassytha filiformis is typically found in coastal regions and along the southern parts of the country. While it may be present in some areas of northern Vietnam, including the broader region around Hanoi, it is less common there compared to the southern and central coastal regions.

 

If you're looking for Cassytha filiformis in the Hanoi area specifically, it may be challenging to find it naturally, as the species is more likely to be found in habitats closer to the coast or in areas with more open, disturbed environments.

 

In terms of other Cassytha species, they tend to have similar habitat preferences, often thriving in coastal regions, forests, and disturbed areas. There isn’t another Cassytha species known to be more likely to be found in the Hanoi area specifically. The genus is not typically associated with the urban or inland environments of northern Vietnam, making any Cassytha species relatively uncommon in Hanoi.

 

If you're looking for a similar parasitic plant that might be found in the Hanoi area, it would be more relevant to explore other genera and families known to occur in that region, such as species from the Cuscuta (dodder) genus, which are also parasitic plants and can be found in a variety of habitats, including more temperate regions and disturbed areas.

  

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