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For more on Caligulan Numismatic Articles see: Coins courtesy cngoins.com
Related Articles of Caligula from American Numismatic Society Library Search
Library Catalog Search (Preliminary Version)
Full Record: Barrett, Anthony A. The invalidation of currency in the Roman Empire : the Claudian demonetization of Caligula's AES. (1999)
Full Record: Bost, Jean-Pierre. Routes, cits et ateliers montaires : quelques remarques sur les officines hispaniques entre les rgnes d'Auguste en de Caligula. (1999)
Full Record: Bibliothque Municipale d'Etude et d'Information de Grenoble. Grenoble : Bibliothque Municipale d'Etude et d'Information : catalogue des monnaies. II. Monnaies romaines. Monnaies impriales romaines. 2. Caligula - Neron . Index. / Bernard Rmy, Frdric Bontoux, Virginie Risler. (1998)
Full Record: Gainor, John R. The image of the Julio-Claudian dynasty from coins / by John R. Gainor.
Full Record: Martini, Rodolfo. Monete romane imperiali del Museo G. B. Adriani. Parte 3, Caius (37-41 d.C.) / Rodolfo Martini. (2001)
Full Record: ACCLA privy to presentation by Richard Baker on Caligula. (2002)
Full Record: Wend, David A. Caligula, the emperor as autocrat. Part 1. (2002)
Full Record: Wend, David A. Caligula, the emperor as autocrat. Part 2. (2002)
Full Record: Wend, David A. Caligula, the emperor as autocrat. Part 3. (2002)
Full Record: Kemmers, Fleur. Caligula on the Lower Rhine : Coin finds from the Roman Fort of Albaniana (The Netherlands) / Fleur Kemmers. (2004)
Full Record: Estiot, Sylviane. Le trsor de Meussia (Jura) : 399 monnaies d'argent d'poques rpublicaine et julio-claudienne / Sylviane Estiot, Isabelle Aymar. (2002)
Full Record: Gocht, Hans. Namenstilgungen an Bronzemünzen des Caligula und Claudius / Hans Gocht. (2003)
Full Record: Gomis Justo, Marivi. Ercavica : La emision de Caligula. Estimacion del numero de cunos originales.
Full Record: Sayles, Wayne G. Fakes on the Internet. (2002)
Full Record: Kemmers, Fleur. The coin finds from the Roman fort Albaniana, the Netherlands / Fleur Kemmers . (2005)
Full Record: Lopez Snchez, Fernando. La afirmacion soberana de Caligula y de Claudio y el fin de las acunaciones ciudadanas en occidente / Fernando Lopez Snchez. (2000)
Full Record: Besombes, Paul-Andr. Les monnaies hispaniques de Claude Ier des dpôts de la Vilaine (Rennes) et de Saint-Lonard (Mayenne) : tmoins de quel type de contact entre l'Armorique et la pninsule ibrique ? / Paul-Andr Besombes. (2005)
Full Record: Catalli, Fiorenzo. Le thesaurus de Sora / Fiorenzo Catalli et John Scheid.
Full Record: Giard, Jean-Baptiste. Faux deniers de Caligula de la Renaissance.
Full Record: Vermeule, Cornelius. Faces of Empire (Julius Caesar to Justinian). Part II(B), More young faces : Caligula again and Nero reborn / Cornelius Vermeule. (2005)
Full Record: Geranio, Joe. Portraits of Caligula : the seated figure? / Joe Geranio. (2007)
Full Record: Aguilera Hernandez, Alberto. Acerca de un as de Caligula hallado en Zaragoza / Alberto Aguilera Hernandez. (2007)
Full Record: Butcher, K. E. T. Caligula : the evil emperor. (1985)
Full Record: Fuchs, Michaela. Frauen um Caligula und Claudius : Milonia Caesonia, Drusilla und Messalina. (1990)
Full Record: Faur, Jean-Claude. Moneda de Caligula de Museo Arqueologico Provincial de Tarragona. (1979)
Full Record: British Museum. Dept. of coins and medals. Coins of the Roman Empire in the British museum. Vol. I: Augustus to Vitellius / by Harold Mattingly. (1976)
Full Record: Conrad, Edwin. A Caligula Isotope of Hadrian. (1968)
Full Record: Conrad, Edwin. The Metamorphosis of an Allegad 'As of Hadrian.' (1968)
Full Record: Bendall, Simon. A 'new' gold quinarius of Caligula. (1985)
Full Record: Cortellini, Nereo. Le monete di Caligola nel Cohen.
Full Record: Guey, Julien. Les "bains d'or" de Caligula "Immensi Avreorvm Acervi (Sutone, Cal., 42,3).
Full Record: Guey, J. Les "bains d'or" de Caligula : Sutone, Cal. 42, 3.
Full Record: Curry, Michael R. The Aes Quadrans of Caligula. (1968)
Full Record: Jonas, Elemr. L'emploi dar "damnatio memoriae" sur l'un des "dupondius" de Calgula. (1937)
Full Record: Julian, R. W. The coins of Caligula. (1994)
Full Record: Donciu, Ramiro. Cu privire la activitatea militara a lui Caius (Caligula) in anul 40 e.n. (1983)
Full Record: Hansen, Peter. A history of Caligula's Vesta. (1992)
Full Record: Kaenel, Hans-Markus von. Augustus, Caligula oder Caludius? (1978)
Full Record: Kaenel, Hans-Markus von. Die Organisation der Münzprgung Caligulas. (1987)
Full Record: Johansen, Flemming S. The sculpted portraits of Caligula. (1987)
Full Record: Carter, G. F. Chemical compositions of copper-based Roman coins. V : imitations of Caligula, Claudius, and Nero / G. F. Carter and others. (1978)
Full Record: Giard, Jean-Baptiste. L'atelier de Lyon sous Auguste : Tibre et Caligula. (1979)
Full Record: Giard, Jean-Baptiste. Les missions d'or et d'argent de Caligula dans l'atelier de Lyon. (1976)
Full Record: Giard, Jean-Baptiste. Le monnayage de l'atelier de Lyon des origines au rgne de Caligula (43 avant J.-C. - 41 aprs J.-C.). (1983)
Full Record: Nony, D. Quelques as d'imitation de Caligula trouves a Bordeaux (Gironde). (1981)
Full Record: Levy, Brooks Emmons. Caligula's radiate crown. (1988)
Full Record: Poulsen, Vagn. Un nouveau visage de Caligula. (1972)
Full Record: Price, Martin Jessop. Elephant in Crete? New light ona cistophorus of Caligula. (1973)
Full Record: MacInnis, H. Frank. Ego-driven emperor commits excesses. (1979)
Full Record: McKenna, Thomas P. The case of the curious coin of Caligula : a provincial bronze restruck with legend-only dies. (1994)
Full Record: Mowat, Robert. Bronzes remarquables de Tibre, de son fils, de ses petits-fils et de Caligula. (1911)
Full Record: Koenig, Franz E. Roma, monete dal Tevere : l'imperatore Gaio (Caligola). (1988)
Full Record: Kollgaard, Ron. Caligula's coins profile despot. (1993)
Full Record: Kollgaard, Ron. A numismatic mystery : "the Caligula quadrans." (1994)
Full Record: Martini, Rodolfo. Osservazioni su contromarche ed erosioni su assi de Caligula. (1980)
Full Record: Szaivert, Wolfgang. Moneta Imperii Romani. Band 2 und 3. Die Münzprgung der Kaiser Tiberius und Caius (Caligula) 14/41 / von Wolfgang Szaivert. (1984)
Full Record: Boschung, Dietrich. Die Bildnisse des Caligula. Kaenel, Hans-Markus von. Jucker, Hans. Deutsches Archaologisches Institut. Das Romische Herrscherbild. 1. Abt., Bd. 4, Die Bildnisse des Caligula / Dietrich Boschung ; mit einem Beitrag von Hans-Markus von Kaenel ; auf Grund der Vorarbeiten und Marterialsammlungen von Hans Jucker. (1989)
Full Record: Rosborough, Ruskin R. An epigraphic commentary on Suetonius's life of Gaius Caligula. A thesis...for the...Doctor of Philosophy. (1920)
Full Record: Richard, Jean-Claude. A propos de l'aureus de Caligula dcouvert Saint-Colomban-des-Villards (Savoie). (1982)
Full Record: Richard, Jean-Claude. Un aureus de Caligula dcouvert Saint-Colomban-des-Villards (Savoie). (1982)
Full Record: Ritter, Hans-Werner. Adlocutio und Corona Civica unter Caligula und Tiberius. (1971)
Full Record: Kumpikevicius, Gordon C. A numismatic look at Gaius. (1979)
Full Record: Savio, Adriano. La coerenza di Caligola nella gestione della moneta / Adriano Savio. (1988)
Full Record: Savio, Adriano. Note su alcune monete di Gaio-Caligola. (1973)
Full Record: Stylow, Armin U. Die Quadranten des Caligula als Propaganda-münzen.münzen" aus der stdtischen sammlung zu Osnabrück. (1971)
Full Record: Schwartz, Jacques. Le Monnayage Snatorial entre 37 et 42 P.C. (1951)
Full Record: Rodolfo Martini, ed. Sylloge nummorum Romanorum. Italia. Milano, Civiche Raccolte Numismatiche Vol. 1 Giulio-Claudii / a cura di Rodolfo Martini. (1990)
Full Record: Szaivert, Wolfgang. Zur Julisch-Claudischen Münzprgung. (1979)
Full Record: Vedrianus. The Roman Imperial series. V. Gaius. (1963)
Full Record: Tietze, Christian M. Kaiser Cajus Caesar, genannt Caligula. (1979)
Full Record: Wood, Susan. Diva Drusilla Panthea and the sisters of Caligula / Susan Wood. (1995)
Full Record: Sutherland, Carol Humphrey Vivian. Coinage in Roman imperial policy 31 B.C.-A.D. 68. (1951)
Full Record: Sutherland, C. H. V. The mints of Lugdunum and Rome under Gaius : an unsolved problem. (1981)
Full Record: Trillmich, Walter. Familienpropaganda der Kaiser Caligula und Claudius : Agrippina Maior und Antonia Augusta auf Münzen. (1978)
Full Record: Voirol, August. Eine Warenumsatzsteuer im antiken Rom und der numismatische Beleg inher Aufhebung : Centesima rerum venalium. (1943)
Full Record: Trillmich, Walter. Zur Münzprgung des Caligula von Caesaraugusta (Zaragoza). (1973)
The Tauros Kretaios (or Cretan bull) was a handsome bull sent forth from the sea by Poseidon. The Cretan Queen Pasiphae lusted after the animal and coupled with it, hidden inside a wooden cow crafted by the artificer Daidalos. She gave birth to the monstrous Minotauros, a creature with the head of a bull.
Herakles was commanded to fetch the bull of Krete as one of his Twelve Labours. Upon completion of this task Herakles set the creature free and it eventually came to the Athenian town of Marathon, where it laid waste to the countryside. There it was destroyed by the hero Theseus. The gods placed the bull among the stars as the Constellation Taurus.
Bronze
Late Period
The exhibition 'Nefertari and the Valley of the Queens' from the Museo Egizio, Turin' in the Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, 2017
2500 year old carving of a wounded and dying lioness - part of the famous Assyrian Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal palace reliefs in the British Museum, London, UK.
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This scene is similar to that of the off-side panel, but the principal figures face the reverse way. The enemy that Thutmose IV is attacking is in figuration, apparently the same as that represented on the off-side panel but may be meant to represent another Asiatic tribe.
The king is here shown unaccompanied by the god Montu, but he is draped in a similar uniform and is overtaking two charioteers whom he has just caught by the hair of their heads, and abandoning the bow uses his battle-axe. In the place of the protecting goddess Nekhbyt in the off-side scene, we have here a figure of the hawk-god Horus. In this panel two of the enemy are represented full face and another individual is shown clad in long close-fitting drawers. The armoury here again is like that of the former panel.
NMEC National Museum of Egyptian Civilization, Fustat Cairo
Who is the young girl on the face of this 1941 Netherlands bank note? It's taken from the work "Young Girl" by Paulus Moreelse
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According to the Lonely Planet guide to Iran,
"Most impressive of all, however, and among the most impressive historical sights in all of Iran, are the bas-reliefs of the Apadana Staircase on the eastern wall [of the Apadana Palace]"
"The panels at the southern end [of the Apadana Staircase] are the most interesting, showing 23 delegations bringing their tributes to the Achaemenid king."
"This rich record of the nations of the time ranges from the Ethiopians in the bottom left center, through a climbing pantheon of, among other peoples, Arabs, Thracians, Indians, Parthians and Cappadocians, up to the Elamites and Medians at the top right."
Persepolis, Iran
Budapest, 100-120 AD.
He was a standard-bearer of the Legio II Adiutrix.
M (arco) Lucillio (!) / Germano / signifero / leg (ionis) II ad (iutricis) p (iae) f (idelis) / M (arcus)? Ulpius / [---
Aquincum Musuem.
The base of the plinth on which Padiharendotes' sarcophagus is standing.
The Sarcophagus of Padiharendotes (Padihornedjitef)
Nummulitic limestone
Ptolemaic Period
Provenance probably Saqqara
Egyptian Museum, Cairo
The surface of the sarcophagus is polished and decorated with sunken relief. Its finely carved, rather large oval face shows smiling lips, a round nose and a beard.
The decoration consists only of a few elements: A winged scarab under a pt-hieroglyph, flying over 14 text lines with BD 26, followed by seven columns and four more lines with BD 72.
On each side of the text are the anepigraphic depictions of the deities: the male mummification figure on the right with the double feather crown, Mn-anh "The one with enduring life", the female figure on the left with an obelisk on the head is Mn-nfr (The Goddess of) Memphis. They are personifications of the pyramid complexes of Pepi I (Mn-nfr) and Pepi II (Mn-anh), and attested only on three other sargophagi. The lower four can easily be identified by their iconography as the sons of Horus (Amseti, Duamutef, Hapi and Qebehsenuef).
On the foot, two jackals on shrines are depicted, again without any inscription.
Its feet stand on a plinth, the legs show indications of calves, shins and knees, the latter indicated by small depressions.
The Sarcophagus of Padiharendotes (Padihornedjitef)
Nummulitic limestone
Ptolemaic Period
Provenance probably Saqqara
Egyptian Museum, Cairo
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ICCS Certified 1928 Canadian 10 cent coin, photographed through the double layer plastic package. This kind of packaging is the least photo friendly type of certified coin packaging I’ve come across. It scratches very easily and the curved surfaces catch reflections for every angle. Thant's not saying they can't be photographed, but the double layer of plastic I have to shot through does lessen the image quality. If you're thinking of getting coins ICCS certified and you want them photographed, I recommend you shoot them first. Just sayin...
Maiherpri was noble of Nubian origin. He probably lived during the rule of Thutmose IV. Amongst his titles were Child of the Nursery and fan-bearer on the right side of the king.
Face from one of Maiherpri's anthropoid coffins - made too large to fit within his second coffin and discarded, unused, in the centre of the burial chamber.
The golden face of the coffin has inlaid eyes with black and white jasper. The wig is adorned alternately with blue and gold stripes. The multicoloured necklace has five rows of pearls.
18th dynasty, from Valley of the Kings - KV36
CG 24003
Upper floor, room 17
Egyptian Museum, Cairo
According to the Lonely Planet guide to Iran,
"Most impressive of all, however, and among the most impressive historical sights in all of Iran, are the bas-reliefs of the Apadana Staircase on the eastern wall [of the Apadana Palace]."
"The panels at the southern end [of the Apadana Staircase] are the most interesting, showing 23 delegations bringing their tributes to the Achaemenid king."
"This rich record of the nations of the time ranges from the Ethiopians in the bottom left center, through a climbing pantheon of, among other peoples, Arabs, Thracians, Indians, Parthians and Cappadocians, up to the Elamites and Medians at the top right."
Persepolis, Iran
Sancta Sophia was designed by the Greek scientists: the physicist Isidore of Miletus and the matematician Anthemius of Tralles.
The architecture belongs to early Byzantine period, 330 - 730 AD.
It was during Emperor Justinian’s rule from 527 to 565 AD that Byzantine Art and architecture flowered. He instituted a building campaign primarily in Constantinople and later in Ravenna, Italy.
See further byzantine works HERE
Standing-striding figure of Akhenaten or Tutankhamen
New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty,
ca 1340-1330 BC,
Wood, Gold
(Gift from James Simon 1920)
He is getting a large tattoo of a Giant Squid battling a Great White Shark. He had the outline done last week and this week he is getting the color added. The work is being done by tattooer Matt at Ancient Art in Hampton, Virginia. The young man gave me permission to take this photo.
This high-grade original ancient Greek silver stater coin is one of the most famous and sought-after of ancient coins. It dates back about 2,300 years to the era of the original Greek Olympic Games, circa 370 to 330 BCE. The coin is from from Pamphylia, Aspendos, and features an Olympic scene of two wrestlers grappling. The reverse features a warrior with a sling, about to discharge his weapon. The city's name is to the left of the warrior and to the right is a triskelion (three legs radiating from a common centre.)
The original Olympic games are generally dated back to 776 BCE, and continued every four years through both Greek and Roman rule until 393 CE when they were suppressed by emperor Theodosius I as part of his campaign to impose Christianity as the state religion of the Roman empire. During the celebration of the games, an Olympic truce was enacted so that athletes could travel from their cities to the games in safety. The prizes for the victors were olive leaf wreaths or crowns.
The games became a political tool used by city-states to assert dominance over their rivals. Politicians would announce political alliances at the games, and in times of war, priests would offer sacrifices to the gods for victory. The games were also used to help spread Hellenistic culture throughout the Mediterranean. The Olympics also featured religious celebrations. The statue of Zeus at Olympia was counted as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Sculptors and poets would congregate each Olympiad to display their works of art to would-be patrons.
The ancient Olympics had fewer events than the modern games, and only freeborn Greek men were allowed to participate. As long as they met the entrance criteria, athletes from any Greek city-state and kingdom were allowed to participate. The games were always held at Olympia rather than moving between different locations, as is the practice with the modern Olympic Games. Victors at the Olympics were honoured and their feats chronicled for future generations.
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a relief from a statue base which depicts the Vicomagistri (freedment magistrates associated with the imperial cult) carrying the Lares and genius of the emperor to a sacrifice. Its style is more crowded and the figures less elegant than the reliefs associated with imperial patronage. Probably dates to the early 20s. Text from Web
Vicomagistri relief Julio Claudian Period
a relief from a statue base which depicts the Vicomagistri (freedment magistrates associated with the imperial cult) carrying the Lares and genius of the emperor to a sacrifice. Its style is more crowded and the figures less elegant than the reliefs associated with imperial patronage. Probably dates to the early 20s. The Julio Claudian artsmanship is second to none.
From the Julio-Claudian period there has come down to us no public monument whose whole scheme of sculptural decoration is completely known to us, as in the case of the Ara Pacis. One of the best-preserved reliefs of this time is a long frieze ornamenting one side of what would appear to have been a large base or altar, the reliefs on its other sides being wholly lost, apart from tiny fragments indicating that they once existed. It was found in Rome beneath the Papal Chancellery and shows a procession of city magistrates (vicomagistri) accompanied by ministers (camilli) holding statuettes of the imperial Genius and Lares, sacrificial victims with attendants, musicians, and other male figures. The men and animals are ranged side by side along the field with little overlapping. In parts of the frieze there is a second row of figures carved in low relief on the background and of these the chief stylistic interest lies in the fact that their heads are slightly raised above those of the figures in the foreground, as though the spectator were viewing the procession from a somewhat elevated point of vantage. This device of vertical perspective, which we shall meet with again many times in Roman historical sculpture, has often been hailed as essentially a feature of popular Italian folk, art, which wormed its way into works of public and official sculpture. But normally it is the lower types of art that borrow from the higher, not vice versa; the convention occasionally appears in official Hellenistic sculpture and was probably to be found in monumental Hellenistic paintings, to judge from their apparent reflections in western funerary reliefs of Greek content and in Roman historical scenes of a strongly pictorial character, such as the reliefs with battles of Romans and Gauls on the Tiberian Arch at Orange;’ and when we find it occurring, as here, on an elegant, refined, not to say academic, piece of carving and on works of court inspiration such as the reliefs on Trajan’s Column, it is hard to believe in its Volkskunst origin. Its increasing vogue and development are to be more reasonably explained by the general Roman passion for factual detail, which naturally expressed itself in attempting to display all the participants in an action, including those in the second plane, as fully as possible. Again, the device was at times obviously demanded by aesthetic considerations, when in architectural reliefs such as the Orange panels and the spiral bands on Trajan’s Column, the whole effect depended on filling the entire field with sculpture. There we sometimes find the complete figures of the persons in the second plane tiered above those in the foreground.
The other surviving reliefs which can be dated to the Julio-Claudian epoch need not detain us long. A series of parts of processional and sacrificial scenes now built into the Villa Medici on the Pincian Hill, and some fragments with architectural and decorative motifs found on the Via Lata and now in the New Capitoline Museum, may have belonged to the Ara Pietatis begun by Tiberius in AD 22, but completed under Claudius. There is a group of figures, including those of Divus Augustus and Venus, and part of a procession of sacrificial beasts, at Ravenna, also possibly Claudian. Most of these pieces strike us as cold, conventional, and unadventurous. If Nero’s ambitious schemes for new imperial residences (e.g. the Golden House) and for replanning Rome after the fire of 64 left him time for sponsoring buildings with historical reliefs, none have come down to us.
50-100 AD, Mainz.
He was a standard bearer of the Cohors VII Raetorum.
Genialis Clusiodi / F(ilius) Imag(inifer) ex Coh(orte) VII / Rae(torum) An(norum) XXXV Stip(endiorum) / XIII H(eres) P(osuit)
Mainz Landesmuseum.
According to the Lonely Planet guide to Iran,
"Most impressive of all, however, and among the most impressive historical sights in all of Iran, are the bas-reliefs of the Apadana Staircase on the eastern wall [of the Apadana Palace]."
"The panels at the southern end [of the Apadana Staircase] are the most interesting, showing 23 delegations bringing their tributes to the Achaemenid king."
"This rich record of the nations of the time ranges from the Ethiopians in the bottom left center, through a climbing pantheon of, among other peoples, Arabs, Thracians, Indians, Parthians and Cappadocians, up to the Elamites and Medians at the top right."
According to Donald N. Wilber's book Persepolis, The Archaeology of Parsa, Seat of the Persian Kings, this panel "shows the Babirush, or Babiruviya (Babylonians), who bear cups and a woven, fringed piece of cloth and present a humped bull. They are distinguished by their conical, tassled caps."
Persepolis, Iran
Bordeaux, 2nd c. AD.
Juno and Minerva can be seen seated awaitng the judgement.
Museum of Aquitaine.
She was getting hearts on her forearms - 0ne says "DAD" and the other "MUM". I love the elephant and single egg in a nest, also. Josh, at Ancient Art, is tattooing her. I stopped by the shop to drop off some donuts.
after 9 AD, Xanten.
He was a centurion of the first cohort of the Legio XVIII, who died during the Varian Disaster at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD.
M(arco) Caelio T(iti) f(ilio) Lem(onia) Bon(onia) / [t(riario)] o(rdini) leg(ionis) XIIX ann(orum) LIII s(emissis) / [ce] cidit bello Variano ossa / [l](ibertorum) [i]nferre licebit P(ublius) Caelius T(iti) f(ilius) / Lem(onia) frater fecit // M(arcus) Caelius / M(arci) l( ibertus) / Privatus // M(arcus) Caelius / M(arci) l(ibertus) / Thiaminus
Now in Bonn Landesmuseum
Varusschlacht Museum and Park Kalkriese.
Caligula Speaking to the Praetorian Guard
For more on Caligulan Numismatic Articles see: Coins courtesy cngoins.com
Related Articles of Caligula from American Numismatic Society Library Search
Library Catalog Search (Preliminary Version)
Full Record: Barrett, Anthony A. The invalidation of currency in the Roman Empire : the Claudian demonetization of Caligula's AES. (1999)
Full Record: Bost, Jean-Pierre. Routes, cits et ateliers montaires : quelques remarques sur les officines hispaniques entre les rgnes d'Auguste en de Caligula. (1999)
Full Record: Bibliothque Municipale d'Etude et d'Information de Grenoble. Grenoble : Bibliothque Municipale d'Etude et d'Information : catalogue des monnaies. II. Monnaies romaines. Monnaies impriales romaines. 2. Caligula - Neron . Index. / Bernard Rmy, Frdric Bontoux, Virginie Risler. (1998)
Full Record: Gainor, John R. The image of the Julio-Claudian dynasty from coins / by John R. Gainor.
Full Record: Martini, Rodolfo. Monete romane imperiali del Museo G. B. Adriani. Parte 3, Caius (37-41 d.C.) / Rodolfo Martini. (2001)
Full Record: ACCLA privy to presentation by Richard Baker on Caligula. (2002)
Full Record: Wend, David A. Caligula, the emperor as autocrat. Part 1. (2002)
Full Record: Wend, David A. Caligula, the emperor as autocrat. Part 2. (2002)
Full Record: Wend, David A. Caligula, the emperor as autocrat. Part 3. (2002)
Full Record: Kemmers, Fleur. Caligula on the Lower Rhine : Coin finds from the Roman Fort of Albaniana (The Netherlands) / Fleur Kemmers. (2004)
Full Record: Estiot, Sylviane. Le trsor de Meussia (Jura) : 399 monnaies d'argent d'poques rpublicaine et julio-claudienne / Sylviane Estiot, Isabelle Aymar. (2002)
Full Record: Gocht, Hans. Namenstilgungen an Bronzemünzen des Caligula und Claudius / Hans Gocht. (2003)
Full Record: Gomis Justo, Marivi. Ercavica : La emision de Caligula. Estimacion del numero de cunos originales.
Full Record: Sayles, Wayne G. Fakes on the Internet. (2002)
Full Record: Kemmers, Fleur. The coin finds from the Roman fort Albaniana, the Netherlands / Fleur Kemmers . (2005)
Full Record: Lopez Snchez, Fernando. La afirmacion soberana de Caligula y de Claudio y el fin de las acunaciones ciudadanas en occidente / Fernando Lopez Snchez. (2000)
Full Record: Besombes, Paul-Andr. Les monnaies hispaniques de Claude Ier des dpôts de la Vilaine (Rennes) et de Saint-Lonard (Mayenne) : tmoins de quel type de contact entre l'Armorique et la pninsule ibrique ? / Paul-Andr Besombes. (2005)
Full Record: Catalli, Fiorenzo. Le thesaurus de Sora / Fiorenzo Catalli et John Scheid.
Full Record: Giard, Jean-Baptiste. Faux deniers de Caligula de la Renaissance.
Full Record: Vermeule, Cornelius. Faces of Empire (Julius Caesar to Justinian). Part II(B), More young faces : Caligula again and Nero reborn / Cornelius Vermeule. (2005)
Full Record: Geranio, Joe. Portraits of Caligula : the seated figure? / Joe Geranio. (2007)
Full Record: Aguilera Hernandez, Alberto. Acerca de un as de Caligula hallado en Zaragoza / Alberto Aguilera Hernandez. (2007)
Full Record: Butcher, K. E. T. Caligula : the evil emperor. (1985)
Full Record: Fuchs, Michaela. Frauen um Caligula und Claudius : Milonia Caesonia, Drusilla und Messalina. (1990)
Full Record: Faur, Jean-Claude. Moneda de Caligula de Museo Arqueologico Provincial de Tarragona. (1979)
Full Record: British Museum. Dept. of coins and medals. Coins of the Roman Empire in the British museum. Vol. I: Augustus to Vitellius / by Harold Mattingly. (1976)
Full Record: Conrad, Edwin. A Caligula Isotope of Hadrian. (1968)
Full Record: Conrad, Edwin. The Metamorphosis of an Allegad 'As of Hadrian.' (1968)
Full Record: Bendall, Simon. A 'new' gold quinarius of Caligula. (1985)
Full Record: Cortellini, Nereo. Le monete di Caligola nel Cohen.
Full Record: Guey, Julien. Les "bains d'or" de Caligula "Immensi Avreorvm Acervi (Sutone, Cal., 42,3).
Full Record: Guey, J. Les "bains d'or" de Caligula : Sutone, Cal. 42, 3.
Full Record: Curry, Michael R. The Aes Quadrans of Caligula. (1968)
Full Record: Jonas, Elemr. L'emploi dar "damnatio memoriae" sur l'un des "dupondius" de Calgula. (1937)
Full Record: Julian, R. W. The coins of Caligula. (1994)
Full Record: Donciu, Ramiro. Cu privire la activitatea militara a lui Caius (Caligula) in anul 40 e.n. (1983)
Full Record: Hansen, Peter. A history of Caligula's Vesta. (1992)
Full Record: Kaenel, Hans-Markus von. Augustus, Caligula oder Caludius? (1978)
Full Record: Kaenel, Hans-Markus von. Die Organisation der Münzprgung Caligulas. (1987)
Full Record: Johansen, Flemming S. The sculpted portraits of Caligula. (1987)
Full Record: Carter, G. F. Chemical compositions of copper-based Roman coins. V : imitations of Caligula, Claudius, and Nero / G. F. Carter and others. (1978)
Full Record: Giard, Jean-Baptiste. L'atelier de Lyon sous Auguste : Tibre et Caligula. (1979)
Full Record: Giard, Jean-Baptiste. Les missions d'or et d'argent de Caligula dans l'atelier de Lyon. (1976)
Full Record: Giard, Jean-Baptiste. Le monnayage de l'atelier de Lyon des origines au rgne de Caligula (43 avant J.-C. - 41 aprs J.-C.). (1983)
Full Record: Nony, D. Quelques as d'imitation de Caligula trouves a Bordeaux (Gironde). (1981)
Full Record: Levy, Brooks Emmons. Caligula's radiate crown. (1988)
Full Record: Poulsen, Vagn. Un nouveau visage de Caligula. (1972)
Full Record: Price, Martin Jessop. Elephant in Crete? New light ona cistophorus of Caligula. (1973)
Full Record: MacInnis, H. Frank. Ego-driven emperor commits excesses. (1979)
Full Record: McKenna, Thomas P. The case of the curious coin of Caligula : a provincial bronze restruck with legend-only dies. (1994)
Full Record: Mowat, Robert. Bronzes remarquables de Tibre, de son fils, de ses petits-fils et de Caligula. (1911)
Full Record: Koenig, Franz E. Roma, monete dal Tevere : l'imperatore Gaio (Caligola). (1988)
Full Record: Kollgaard, Ron. Caligula's coins profile despot. (1993)
Full Record: Kollgaard, Ron. A numismatic mystery : "the Caligula quadrans." (1994)
Full Record: Martini, Rodolfo. Osservazioni su contromarche ed erosioni su assi de Caligula. (1980)
Full Record: Szaivert, Wolfgang. Moneta Imperii Romani. Band 2 und 3. Die Münzprgung der Kaiser Tiberius und Caius (Caligula) 14/41 / von Wolfgang Szaivert. (1984)
Full Record: Boschung, Dietrich. Die Bildnisse des Caligula. Kaenel, Hans-Markus von. Jucker, Hans. Deutsches Archaologisches Institut. Das Romische Herrscherbild. 1. Abt., Bd. 4, Die Bildnisse des Caligula / Dietrich Boschung ; mit einem Beitrag von Hans-Markus von Kaenel ; auf Grund der Vorarbeiten und Marterialsammlungen von Hans Jucker. (1989)
Full Record: Rosborough, Ruskin R. An epigraphic commentary on Suetonius's life of Gaius Caligula. A thesis...for the...Doctor of Philosophy. (1920)
Full Record: Richard, Jean-Claude. A propos de l'aureus de Caligula dcouvert Saint-Colomban-des-Villards (Savoie). (1982)
Full Record: Richard, Jean-Claude. Un aureus de Caligula dcouvert Saint-Colomban-des-Villards (Savoie). (1982)
Full Record: Ritter, Hans-Werner. Adlocutio und Corona Civica unter Caligula und Tiberius. (1971)
Full Record: Kumpikevicius, Gordon C. A numismatic look at Gaius. (1979)
Full Record: Savio, Adriano. La coerenza di Caligola nella gestione della moneta / Adriano Savio. (1988)
Full Record: Savio, Adriano. Note su alcune monete di Gaio-Caligola. (1973)
Full Record: Stylow, Armin U. Die Quadranten des Caligula als Propaganda-münzen.münzen" aus der stdtischen sammlung zu Osnabrück. (1971)
Full Record: Schwartz, Jacques. Le Monnayage Snatorial entre 37 et 42 P.C. (1951)
Full Record: Rodolfo Martini, ed. Sylloge nummorum Romanorum. Italia. Milano, Civiche Raccolte Numismatiche Vol. 1 Giulio-Claudii / a cura di Rodolfo Martini. (1990)
Full Record: Szaivert, Wolfgang. Zur Julisch-Claudischen Münzprgung. (1979)
Full Record: Vedrianus. The Roman Imperial series. V. Gaius. (1963)
Full Record: Tietze, Christian M. Kaiser Cajus Caesar, genannt Caligula. (1979)
Full Record: Wood, Susan. Diva Drusilla Panthea and the sisters of Caligula / Susan Wood. (1995)
Full Record: Sutherland, Carol Humphrey Vivian. Coinage in Roman imperial policy 31 B.C.-A.D. 68. (1951)
Full Record: Sutherland, C. H. V. The mints of Lugdunum and Rome under Gaius : an unsolved problem. (1981)
Full Record: Trillmich, Walter. Familienpropaganda der Kaiser Caligula und Claudius : Agrippina Maior und Antonia Augusta auf Münzen. (1978)
Full Record: Voirol, August. Eine Warenumsatzsteuer im antiken Rom und der numismatische Beleg inher Aufhebung : Centesima rerum venalium. (1943)
Full Record: Trillmich, Walter. Zur Münzprgung des Caligula von Caesaraugusta (Zaragoza). (1973)
253-300 AD, Rome.
Iovi Optimo Dolicheno d(onum) d(edit) // P(ublius) Egnatius Fructus
Now in the Capitoline Museum.
Museum of the Colosseum.
Helmet on display in the Olympia Archaeological Museum, Peloponnese - Greece
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"(...) uno de los restos más espléndidos de la época suprema del arte, los ojos sobresalen y aparecen junto a las orejas, de modo que los dos sentidos, la vista y el oído, parecen actuar juntos y la noble critaura es capaz de oír y ver detrás de sí realizando un leve movimiento. Ofrece un aspecto tan poderoso y fantástico que da la impresión de haber sido hecha contra la naturaleza y, no obstante, bien mirado, el artista ha creado en realidad un prototipo de caballo, independientemente de que lo haya visto con sus propios ojos o lo haya imaginado en su espíritu; nosotros al menos tenemos la impresión de que ha sido representado en el sentido de la poesía suprema y de la realidad" - Goethe
Αυτό το ψηφιδωτό δάπεδο στολίζει το προαύλιο μίας παλιάς εκκλησίας. Τhis mosaic decorate the floor of an old church ιn Greece.
Tattooer Coyote gave this gent his first tattoo (upper, right arm) a month ago. He is getting the first part of half-sleeve on his left arm.