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Built in 1883-1907 to the design of Alfred Parland, on the site of the tragic attempt upon the life of Emperor Alexander II by terrorist I. Grinevitskij on 1 March 1881.
The masterpiece of art is the carpet-like mosaic decoration of the walls and vault executed to the design of Victor Vasnetsov, Mikhail Nesterov, Andrei Riabushkin and other.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mglw77ZqkLo&feature=share&...
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Biserica Rusă, Biserica studenţilor, Bucuresti
Paraclis universitar
St. Nicholas Russian Church [finished in 1909], Bucharest, Romania
Architect: V. A. Prevbrajenski
Murals: Viktor Vasnetsov
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Russian_Church
www.monumenteromania.ro/index.php/monumente/detalii/en/Ru...
Russian Orthodox Music
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photo:
Церковь Святого Николая (Бухарест)
Biserica Rusă, Biserica studenţilor, Bucuresti
St. Nicholas Russian Church [finished in 1909], Bucharest, Romania
Architect: M. T. Prevbrajenski
Murals: Viktor Vasnetsov
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Russian_Church
www.monumenteromania.ro/index.php/monumente/detalii/en/Ru...
Viktor Vasnetsov - Ви́ктор Миха́йлович Васнецо́в
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor_Vasnetsov
M. T. Prevbrajenski - Михаи́л Тимофе́евич Преображе́нский
ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8...
АПОЛЛИНАРИЙ ВАСНЕЦОВ - Зимний сон
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Location: Vasnetsov memorial house within the State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow, Russia.
Sources: my.tretyakov.ru/app/masterpiece/9352
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollinary_Vasnetsov
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Richard_Crane
Photographed at the ''Other Shores. Russian Art in New York. 1924'' exhibition, September 2021 - January 2022. Museum of Russian Impressionism, Moscow, Russia
APOLLINARY VASNETSOV (1856 - 1933) preferred the landscape genre. In his work, two main types of landscapes can be distinguished. The first type of landscapes includes realistic works, in which more and more impressionistic features appeared over time. The second type of the artist's works includes historical landscapes with views of medieval cities: Moscow, Serpukhov, Kolomna and others.
Of the six graphic works on the theme "Moscow of the 17th century" presented in America, four were acquired by the entrepreneur, politician and diplomat Charles Crane. Crane often visited Russia and was well acquainted with many Russian artists.
Rus: Аполлинарий Васнецов (1856 - 1933) отдавал предпочтение пейзажному жанру. В его творчестве можно выделить два основных типа пейзажей. К первому типу относятся реалистические работы, в которых со временем появлялось всё больше импрессионистических черт. Ко второму типу работ относятся пейзажи исторические, с видами средневековых городов: Москвы, Серпухова, Коломны и других.
Из представленных в Америке шести графических работ на тему "Москва XVII века" четыре работы были приобретены американским предпринимателем, политиком и дипломатом Чарльзом Крейном. Крейн часто посещал Россию и был хорошо знаком со многими русскими художниками.
Russian Orthodox Music
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photo:
Церковь Святого Николая (Бухарест)
Biserica Rusă, Biserica studenţilor, Bucuresti
St. Nicholas Russian Church [finished in 1909], Bucharest, Romania
Architect: M. T. Prevbrajenski
Murals: Viktor Vasnetsov
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Russian_Church
www.monumenteromania.ro/index.php/monumente/detalii/en/Ru...
Viktor Vasnetsov - Ви́ктор Миха́йлович Васнецо́в
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor_Vasnetsov
M. T. Prevbrajenski - Михаи́л Тимофе́евич Преображе́нский
ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8...
Cathédrale Saint-Sauveur-sur-le-Sang-Versé de Saint-Pétersbourg
L'église du St-Sauveur-sur-le-Sang-Versé dresse ses bulbes polychromes torsadés à l'endroit même où fut assassiné, en 1881, le tsar Alexandre II, à qui elle est dédiée. Représentative du style néorusse, construite sur le modèle de la cathédrale de Basile-le-Bienheureux à Moscou, elle arbore à l'intérieur une décoration rutilante de mosaïques, de jaspe et pierres semi-précieuses couvrant près de 7 000 m2. On accède à son parvis par une superbe grille Art nouveau dessinée par Alfred Parland, l'architecte de la cathédrale.
Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood
Храм Спаса-на-Крови
Background
Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood, St. Petersburg, Russia
Church of the Savior
on Spilled Blood
Officially consecrated as the Church of the Resurrection of Christ, the Russian Orthodox gem more commonly known as the Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood was built to honor tsar Alexander II of Russia, who was assassinated at the site where the church now sits, hence the reference to "spilled blood". The section of the street on which the assassination took place is enclosed within the walls of the church and the site of the murder is marked by a chapel in the building.
At the request of Alexander III, son of Alexander II, construction on the church began in 1883. Funding for this amazing structure was almost totally provided by the Imperial family with other donations made by private individuals. The project was completed in 1907.
The Architecture
The principle architect chosen for the project was Alfred Alexandrovich Parland, who was, incidentally, a non-Russian-born individual. The architecture of the church varies greatly from other buildings and religious structures in St. Petersburg, which were largely constructed in the Baroque and neo-Classical styles.
The domes of the church of the savior on spilled blood
The domes
However, the era in which Church of the Savior was built was a time of resurgence of nationalism, thus the classic Russian style of the church.
Looking at both the interior and exterior, it's easy to see why the church cost about 4.6 million rubles, way over the budgeted 3.6 million. The outside was designed to mirror the magnificent St. Basil's in Moscow, the city's easily-recognizable centerpiece, and the building - both inside and outside - features about 7,000 square meters of mosaics, most of them designed by the prominent artists of the time, including Viktor Vasnetsov, Mikhail Nesterov and Mikhail Vrubel. The majority of the mosaics depict biblical scenes and saints though some are just patterns. The colorful onion domes, of which the central one reaches a height of 81 meters (266 ft), are covered with bright enamels.
The Church after the Revolution
The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood along the Griboedova canal in St. Petersburg, Russia
The church along the
Griboedova canal
During the Russian Revolution of 1917, much of this amazing church was ransacked and the interior was seriously damaged. In the 1930s, the Soviets closed the church, as they did with most churches in St. Petersburg. During World War II, it was used as a storage facility for food. If suffered yet more damage during the war, and afterwards, was used for many years as storage space for a local opera company.
In 1970, St. Isaac's Cathedral assumed management of the church, and funds garnered from the cathedral (which was, at that time, a museum) were used to restore the Church of the Savior. Restoration was finally complete in 1997 and remains one of St. Petersburg's top tourist attractions.
ИСААК ЛЕВИТАН, 1890-е - Туман над водой
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Location: The Vasnetsov Brothers Vyatka Art Museum, Vyatka, Russia.
Source: goskatalog.ru/portal/#/collections?id=578627
The picture ‘Fog over the Water’ belongs to the 1890s. Levitan managed to catch the moment when thick fumes are just beginning to cover the ground. One more moment and everything in nature will disappear. In this natural phenomenon, the artist saw for himself a difficult, but interesting task: to convey a damp, foggy atmosphere at nightfall, disappearing space, a slow fading of the color of the earth and the cold light of the moon. There is also a noticeable departure from realism and tendency to general forms. The artist conveyed the mood and state of mind. It is possible that the illness that tormented him, or gloomy thoughts were reflected in this canvas.
The landscape ‘Fog over the Water’ is deeply lyrical, even elegiac. The artist managed to subtly relay the nuances of the environment and the modulation of light in the atmosphere of evening nature. The color fades away while retaining its certainty. The restrained coloring of the landscape projects perfectly the mood of quiet sadness. It should be noted that the artist also used various techniques to achieve the desired effects. Microscopic examination showed that the soil in the painting is two-layer: the lower layer is red-brown, while the upper one is white, dense, completely overlapping with the lower one. In some places, you can see how the author tried to remove the already dried paint. Probably, the artist originally had another version of the same composition, where the half of the moon was to the left, and then a new moon appeared, but somewhat smaller.
Ivan Tsarevich is one of the most common figures in Russian folklore. The tale about the Grey Wolf, helper of Ivan is my personal favourite. More about Ivan here en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Tsarevich. Russian painter Vasnetsov depicted the scene with unreal beauty, but I see it differently.
Ivan with a help of the Grey Wolf goes to collect magical stuff such as the fire-bird and the horse with a golden mane as well as the princess. He also helps to find out who damaged the garden with golden apples (right down corner). He departures from the forest at night to arrive to the next destination at sunrise. The Grey Wolf patiently keeps his from any harm. The story is quite long but full of bright details.
Please, press zoom to see the drawing without blur.
Built between 1862 and 1896 to commemorate the 900th anniversary of Russian baptizing, architect Aleksandr Beretti.
www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%...
The Church of the Resurrection, also known as the "Savior on Spilled Blood", was built in memory of Alexander II who was assassinated in 1881. The church stands in the very place where a bomb was thrown into his carriage by a young man who opposed the Tsar's reforms.
Alexander II was among the greatest Russian tsars, one of the main accomplishments of whom was the emancipation of serfs in 1861, which brought an end to the de facto slavery of the Russian peasantry, five years before the emancipation of slaves in the US.
The Cathedral of the Savior on Spilled Blood attracts people with its five onion-domes exuberantly decorated and covered with jeweler's enamel. It has a similar façade to St Basil's Cathedral in Moscow and its peculiar multicolored exterior makes the church stand out from St. Petersburg’s typically strict architectural proportions and color combinations.
It took around 24 years to construct such a majestic edifice as the Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood and, after early Soviet vandalism, 27 years to restore. People would even joke that as soon as the construction trestles outside it were removed, the Soviet Regime would fall.
It may have been a coincidence, but the reconstruction that finished in 1991 was followed by the famous events which put an end to the Communist regime.
The highlight of both the interior and exterior of the Cathedral are its mosaic collection based on the paintings of Vasnetsov, Nesterov, and Vrubel. With a total area of 23130 square feet, it is one of the largest mosaic collections in Europe. - Firebird Tours
The Pertsova, or Pertsov House, is built in modernism style and depicts the aspiration to have both architecture and art combined. It was built from 1905 to 1907 after the Kazan nobleman Pyotr Pertsov was inspired by the house with a view to the Kremlin which belonged to the collector Ivan Evmeniyevich Tsvetkov. Tsvetkov promised him to have some land for Pertsov as well if he would build the house in Russian style, similar to his own, decoration of which was based on the project by the famous Russian painter Victor Vasnetsov.
Pertsov began construction and managed the whole process himself. He initiated the competition, in which actually Victor Vasnetsov won. But Pertsov liked the proposition of Sergei Malyutin, the author of the painting of the first Russian Matryoshka doll. The front side of this fairytale house resembles Russian teremok. It has a lot of mythical creatures and Old Russian motifs. It’s called the Pertsova House because Pyotr Pertsov made his wife the owner. In this house different famous artists, such as Alexander Kuprin, Robert Falk, or Vasily Rozhdestvensky, created their works. This house was even called “the Moscow Montparnasse” for it.
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Sigma 10-20
www.youtube.com/watch?v=jcNJHOkknEY
Russian chant of the Holy Week.
Title: "Се, Жених грядет в полунощи" (Behold, the Bridegroom cometh at Midnight - Ιδού ο Νυμφίος έρχεται)
Service: Bridegroom Service (Holy and Great Monday - Tuesday - Wednesday)
Performers: Moscow Sretensky Monastery Choir
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photo:
Церковь Святого Николая (Бухарест)
Biserica Rusă, Biserica studenţilor, Bucuresti
St. Nicholas Russian Church [finished in 1909], Bucharest, Romania
Architect: V. A. Prevbrajenski
Murals: Viktor Vasnetsov
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Russian_Church
www.monumenteromania.ro/index.php/monumente/detalii/en/Ru...
Viktor Vasnetsov - Ви́ктор Миха́йлович Васнецо́в
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor_Vasnetsov
V. A. Prevbrajenski - Михаи́л Тимофе́евич Преображе́нский
ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8...
Church of the Saviour on Spilled Blood along the Griboedov Canal, unfortunately photographed during the restoration of its main bulbous spire (covered with a protective cloak), Saint Petersburg, Russia
Some background information:
The Church of the Saviour on Spilled Blood is one of the main sights of Saint Petersburg, Russia. Other names include the Church on Spilled Blood and the Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ. It was built on the site where Emperor Alexander II was fatally wounded by political nihilists in March 1881 and funded by the imperial family with the support of many private donors.
Construction began in 1883 during the reign of Alexander III, two years after the assassination of his father Alexander II. The church was dedicated to be a memorial to his father, Alexander II. Estimates suggest that the construction cost 4.5 million rubles. The construction was completed during the reign of Nicholas II in 1907.
The church is prominently situated along the Griboedov Canal. Paved roads run along both sides of the canal. On 1st March, 1881, as Tsar Alexander II's carriage passed along the embankment, a grenade thrown by an anarchist conspirator exploded. The tsar, shaken but unhurt, got out of the carriage and started to remonstrate with the presumed culprit. A second conspirator took the chance to throw another bomb, killing himself and mortally wounding the tsar. The tsar, bleeding heavily, was taken back to the Winter Palace, where he died a few hours later.
A temporary shrine was erected on the site of the attack while plans and fundraising for a more permanent memorial were undertaken. In order to build a permanent shrine on the exact spot where the assassination took place, it was decided to narrow the canal so that the section of road on which the tsar had been driving could be included within the walls of the church. An elaborate shrine, in the form of a ciborium, was constructed at the end of the church opposite the altar, on the exact place of Alexander's assassination. It is embellished with topaz, lazurite and other semi-precious stones, making a striking contrast with the simple cobblestones of the old road, which are exposed in the floor of the shrine.
In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, the church was ransacked and looted, badly damaging its interior. The Soviet government closed the church in 1932. During the Second World War when many people were starving due to the Siege of Leningrad by Nazi German military forces, the church was used as a temporary morgue for those who died in combat and from starvation and illness. The church suffered significant damage. After the war, it was used as a warehouse for vegetables, leading to the sardonic name of Saviour on Potatoes. After management of the church had passed to Saint Isaac's Cathedral in July 1970, the cathedral was restored. In August 1997, it was reopened after 27 years of restoration.
Architecturally, the cathedral differs from Saint Petersburg's other structures. The city's architecture is predominantly Baroque and Neoclassical, but the Savior on Blood harks back to medieval Russian architecture in the spirit of romantic nationalism. It intentionally resembles the 17th-century Yaroslavl churches and the celebrated St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow.
The church contains over 7500 square meters of mosaics—according to its restorers, more than any other church in the world. This record may be surpassed by the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, which houses 7700 square meters of mosaics. The interior was designed by some of the most celebrated Russian artists of the day—including Viktor Vasnetsov, Mikhail Nesterov and Mikhail Vrubel — but the church's chief architect, Alfred Alexandrovich Parland, was relatively little-known. Perhaps not surprisingly, the church's construction ran well over budget, having been estimated at 3.6 million rubles but ending up costing over 4.6 million. The walls and ceilings inside the church are completely covered in intricately detailed mosaics — the main pictures being biblical scenes or figures — but with very fine patterned borders setting off each picture.
Saint Petersburg (in Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with currently 5.3 million inhabitants, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015). An important Russian port on the Baltic Sea, it has a status of a federal city. Saint Petersburg is also the fourth-largest city in Europe, only excelled by Istanbul, London and Moscow. Other famous European cities like Paris, Berlin, Rome and Madrid are smaller. Furthermore, Saint Petersburg is the world’s northernmost megapolis and called "The Venice of the North", due to its many channels that traverse the city.
Situated on the Neva River, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea, it was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on 27th May 1703. On 1st September 1914, the name was changed from Saint Petersburg to Petrograd, on 26 January 1924 to Leningrad, and on 7 September 1991 back to Saint Petersburg. Between 1713 and 1728 and again between 1732 and 1918, Saint Petersburg was the capital of Imperial Russia. In 1918, the central government bodies moved to Moscow, which is located about 625 kilometres (388 miles) to the south-east.
Saint Petersburg is also the cultural capital of Russia. Today, the city is inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list as an area with 36 historical architectural complexes and around 4000 outstanding individual monuments of architecture, history and culture. It has 221 museums, 2,000 libraries, more than 80 theaters, 100 concert organizations, 45 galleries and exhibition halls, 62 cinemas and around 80 other cultural establishments. Saint Petersburg is home to the Hermitage, one of the largest art museums in the world. Every year the city hosts around 100 festivals and various competitions of art and culture, including more than 50 international ones. In 2017, the city was visited by 7.2 million tourists and it is expected that in the years ahead the number of tourists will still be on the rise.
La Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada o Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo (en ruso:Храм Спаса на Крови) es una iglesia de San Petersburgo, situada en la orilla del canal Griboyédova (nombrado en honor de Aleksandr Griboyédov) cerca del parque del Museo Ruso y de la Avenida Nevski. El nombre oficial en ruso es Собор Воскресения Христова, que significa catedral de la Resurrección de Cristo, y fue construida sobre el lugar donde el zar Alejandro II de Rusia fue asesinado, víctima de un atentado el 13 de marzo de 1881 (1 de marzo para el calendario juliano, en vigor en Rusia en esa época). Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial y el bloqueo de la ciudad, una bomba cayó encima de la cúpula más alta de la iglesia. La bomba no explotó y estuvo dentro de la cúpula de la iglesia durante 19 años. Sólo cuando los obreros subieron a la cúpula para remendar las goteras, la bomba fue encontrada y retirada. Entonces se decidió comenzar la restauración de la Iglesia de la sangre derramada. Tras 27 años de restauración, la Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada fue inaugurada como museo estatal donde los visitantes pueden conocer la historia del asesinato de Alejandro II.
La iglesia fue diseñada en estilo ecléctico conjuntamente por el arquitecto Alfred Parland y el archimandrita Ignati (nombre secular Mályshev), rector del monasterio Tróitse-Sérguievski. La construcción de la iglesia se inició en 1883 durante el reinado de Alejandro III, como conmemoración a su padre asesinado en ese mismo lugar dos años antes. Los trabajos se prolongaron y fue finalizada en 1907, bajo el reinado de Nicolás II: los fondos necesarios procedieron de las arcas de la familia imperial y de numerosas donaciones privadas.
A finales de marzo de 1883, el Zar aprobó la composición de la Comisión de Consolidación con el Gran Duque Vladímir Aleksándrovich como su director. La primera sesión de la Comisión decidió el nombre del templo, como la Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo, como lo sugirió el archimandrita Ignati.
Un fragmento de la barandilla de hierro fundido, pedazos de granito y algunas piedras manchadas de sangre de Alejandro II fueron retirados del lugar para mantenerse como reliquias en la capilla en la Plaza de Konyúshennaya. Posteriormente, volvieron a donde pertenecían y fue erigido sobre el lugar un pabellón, como solía hacerse en las tradiciones de la arquitectura rusa. El 6 de octubre de 1883, se celebró la ceremonia de colocación de la primera piedra, con asistencia del metropolitano Isidoro de San Petersburgo y Nóvgorod y miembros de la familia imperial.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección tardó 24 años en construirse. Este lapso relativamente largo puede ser atribuido a la decoración abundante y variada y al uso en la construcción de técnicas de ingeniería innovadoras en la época. Los cimientos de estacas fueron abandonados por primera vez en la historia de San Petersburgo, a favor de unos de cemento. Un sofisticado aislamiento hidráulico fue desarrollado para proteger a la iglesia de las aguas del canal. Calefacción de vapor y sistemas eléctricos se instalaron después.
El 19 de agosto de 1907, el Metropolitano Antonio de San Petersburgo y Ládoga consagró la iglesia. El nuevo templo surgió junto al canal Griboyédova (anteriormente llamado Canal de Catalina), para perpetuar la memoria del emperador asesinado, Alejandro II.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección (Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada) es una de las iglesias más significativas en San Petersburgo. Su composición vibrante, pictórica y la decoración multicolor lo convierten en un punto destacado y distintivo en la arquitectura del entorno del centro de la ciudad. La Iglesia de San Salvador puede ser correctamente llamada un monumento de "estilo ruso" en San Petersburgo. Conforme a lo solicitado por Alejandro III, Alfred Parland diseñó la iglesia en el estilo del siglo XVIII y la arquitectura de Moscú y Yaroslavl. Él imaginariamente reelaboró las ideas de la arquitectura eclesiástica de la época anterior a Pedro el Grande para crear una iglesia que personificara el templo ortodoxo ruso.
El plan de la iglesia es una estructura compacta de cinco cúpulas, se completa con tres ábsides semicirculares en la parte este y un enorme pilar como la torre de campana en el extremo oeste. El techo de carpa octogonal de la torre ocupa la posición central. Este elemento tiene una estrecha afinidad con una serie de iglesias monumentales conmemorativas que datan de los siglos XVI al XVII.
La Iglesia es de ladrillo rojo y marrón, toda la superficie de sus paredes está cubierta de adornos elaborados y detallados, similares a los producidos por maestros del siglo XVII en Moscú y Yaroslavl. Bandas y cruces de ladrillo de color, azulejos policromados establecido en los huecos de la pared, "shirinka", azulejos en los tejados de las torres y coberturas piramidales, ábside, pequeños arcos de calado, las columnas en miniatura y kokoshniki (arcos de ménsula) de mármol blanco. Los mosaicos desempeñan un papel importante en la creación de aspecto festivo de la Iglesia acentuando los elementos arquitectónicos principales: kokoshniki, puertas de dique, y frontones.
Las cinco cúpulas centrales de la Iglesia son únicas, chapadas en cobre y esmalte de diferentes colores, que recuerdan a las cúpulas policromadas de la Catedral de San Basilio en Moscú, que a menudo es comparada a la Iglesia de la Resurrección, a pesar de su diferencia total en la ordenación en planta. Las cúpulas más pequeñas en forma de cebolla sobre los ábsides y la cúpula del campanario son, como es habitual, doradas.
El nivel inferior de la torre del campanario está decorada con 134 mosaicos de escudos de armas de las provincias y pueblos rusos que hicieron donaciones para la construcción de la iglesia. Estos escudos de armas componen una colección heráldica única.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo fue concebida como una de las principales iglesias de la capital, diseñada para servir como un recordatorio de las grandes hazañas realizadas por el zar Alejandro II, el Libertador.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglesia_del_Salvador_sobre_la_sangr...
The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood (Russian: Церковь Спаса на Крови, Tserkovʹ Spasa na Krovi) is one of the main sights of Saint Petersburg, Russia. Other names include the Church on Spilled Blood (Russian: Церковь на Крови, Tserkov’ na Krovi), the Temple of the Savior on Spilled Blood (Russian: Храм Спаса на Крови, Khram Spasa na Krovi), and the Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ (Russian: Собор Воскресения Христова, Sobor Voskreseniya Khristova).
This church was built on the site where Emperor Alexander II was fatally wounded by political nihilists in March 1881. The church was built between 1883 and 1907. The construction was funded by the imperial family.
Construction began in 1883 during the reign of Alexander III, 2 years after the assassination of his father Alexander II. The church was dedicated to be a memorial to his father, Alexander II. Estimates suggest that the construction cost 4.5 million rubles. The construction was completed during the reign of Nicholas II in 1907. Funding was provided by the Imperial family with the support of many private donors.
The church is prominently situated along the Griboedov Canal; paved roads run along both sides of the canal. On March 13, 1881 (Julian date: March 1), as Tsar Alexander II's carriage passed along the embankment, a grenade thrown by an anarchist conspirator exploded. The tsar, shaken but unhurt, got out of the carriage and started to remonstrate with the presumed culprit. A second conspirator took the chance to throw another bomb, killing himself and mortally wounding the tsar. The tsar, bleeding heavily, was taken back to the Winter Palace, where he died a few hours later.
A temporary shrine was erected on the site of the attack while plans and fundraising for a more permanent memorial were undertaken. In order to build a permanent shrine on the exact spot where the assassination took place, it was decided to narrow the canal so that the section of road on which the tsar had been driving could be included within the walls of the church. An elaborate shrine, in the form of a ciborium, was constructed at the end of the church opposite the altar, on the exact place of Alexander's assassination. It is embellished with topaz, lazurite and other semi-precious stones, making a striking contrast with the simple cobblestones of the old road, which are exposed in the floor of the shrine.
Architecturally, the cathedral differs from Saint Petersburg's other structures. The city's architecture is predominantly Baroque and Neoclassical, but the Savior on Blood harks back to medieval Russian architecture in the spirit of romantic nationalism. It intentionally resembles the 17th-century Yaroslavl churches and the celebrated St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow.
The church contains over 7500 square meters of mosaics—according to its restorers, more than any other church in the world. This record may be surpassed by the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, which houses 7700 square meters of mosaics. The interior was designed by some of the most celebrated Russian artists of the day—including Viktor Vasnetsov, Mikhail Nesterov and Mikhail Vrubel — but the church's chief architect, Alfred Alexandrovich Parland, was relatively little-known (born in Saint Petersburg in 1842 in a Baltic-German Lutheran family). Perhaps not surprisingly, the church's construction ran well over budget, having been estimated at 3.6 million rubles but ending up costing over 4.6 million. The walls and ceilings inside the church are completely covered in intricately detailed mosaics — the main pictures being biblical scenes or figures — but with very fine patterned borders setting off each picture.
In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, the church was ransacked and looted, badly damaging its interior. The Soviet government closed the church in 1932. During the Second World War when many people were starving due to the Siege of Leningrad by Nazi German military forces, the church was used as a temporary morgue for those who died in combat and from starvation and illness. The church suffered significant damage. After the war, it was used as a warehouse for vegetables, leading to the sardonic name of Saviour on Potatoes.
In July 1970, management of the church passed to Saint Isaac's Cathedral and it was used as a museum. The proceeds from the Cathedral funded the restoration of the church. It was reopened in August 1997, after 27 years of restoration, but has not been reconsecrated and does not function as a full-time place of worship. The Church of the Saviour on Blood is a museum of mosaics. In the pre-Revolution period it was not used as a public place of worship. The church was dedicated to the memory of the assassinated tsar and only panikhidas (memorial services) took place. The church is now one of the main tourist attractions in Saint Petersburg.
In 2005, the State Museum of St. Isaac's Cathedral began the recreation of the Holy Gates (permanently lost in the 1920s during the Soviet period). Entirely produced with enamels and based on the pictures and lithographies of the time, the new Holy Gates were designed by V. J. Nikolsky and S. G. Kochetova and reified by the famous enamel artist L. Solomnikova and her atelier. Orthodox bishop Amvrosij of Gatchina celebrated the consecration of these new Holy Gates on 14 March 2012, the 129th anniversary of Alexander II's assassination.
Détrempe sur carton entoilé, 24 x 33 cm, 1901, musée Lenbachhaus, Munich.
Okhtyrka (en ukrainien : Охтирка) ou Akhtyrka (en russe : Ахтырка) est aujourd'hui une ville d' Ukraine, située à la confluence des rivières Okhtyrka et Vorskla, qui se trouve à 311 km à l'est de Kiev. Les paysages d’un village russe portant le même nom russisé Akhtyrka, Oblast de Moscou, ont inspiré les peintres russes Viktor Vasnetsov en 1880 et puis Vassily Kandinsky (cf. wikipédia).
La Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada o Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo (en ruso:Храм Спаса на Крови) es una iglesia de San Petersburgo, situada en la orilla del canal Griboyédova (nombrado en honor de Aleksandr Griboyédov) cerca del parque del Museo Ruso y de la Avenida Nevski. El nombre oficial en ruso es Собор Воскресения Христова, que significa catedral de la Resurrección de Cristo, y fue construida sobre el lugar donde el zar Alejandro II de Rusia fue asesinado, víctima de un atentado el 13 de marzo de 1881 (1 de marzo para el calendario juliano, en vigor en Rusia en esa época). Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial y el bloqueo de la ciudad, una bomba cayó encima de la cúpula más alta de la iglesia. La bomba no explotó y estuvo dentro de la cúpula de la iglesia durante 19 años. Sólo cuando los obreros subieron a la cúpula para remendar las goteras, la bomba fue encontrada y retirada. Entonces se decidió comenzar la restauración de la Iglesia de la sangre derramada. Tras 27 años de restauración, la Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada fue inaugurada como museo estatal donde los visitantes pueden conocer la historia del asesinato de Alejandro II.
La iglesia fue diseñada en estilo ecléctico conjuntamente por el arquitecto Alfred Parland y el archimandrita Ignati (nombre secular Mályshev), rector del monasterio Tróitse-Sérguievski. La construcción de la iglesia se inició en 1883 durante el reinado de Alejandro III, como conmemoración a su padre asesinado en ese mismo lugar dos años antes. Los trabajos se prolongaron y fue finalizada en 1907, bajo el reinado de Nicolás II: los fondos necesarios procedieron de las arcas de la familia imperial y de numerosas donaciones privadas.
A finales de marzo de 1883, el Zar aprobó la composición de la Comisión de Consolidación con el Gran Duque Vladímir Aleksándrovich como su director. La primera sesión de la Comisión decidió el nombre del templo, como la Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo, como lo sugirió el archimandrita Ignati.
Un fragmento de la barandilla de hierro fundido, pedazos de granito y algunas piedras manchadas de sangre de Alejandro II fueron retirados del lugar para mantenerse como reliquias en la capilla en la Plaza de Konyúshennaya. Posteriormente, volvieron a donde pertenecían y fue erigido sobre el lugar un pabellón, como solía hacerse en las tradiciones de la arquitectura rusa. El 6 de octubre de 1883, se celebró la ceremonia de colocación de la primera piedra, con asistencia del metropolitano Isidoro de San Petersburgo y Nóvgorod y miembros de la familia imperial.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección tardó 24 años en construirse. Este lapso relativamente largo puede ser atribuido a la decoración abundante y variada y al uso en la construcción de técnicas de ingeniería innovadoras en la época. Los cimientos de estacas fueron abandonados por primera vez en la historia de San Petersburgo, a favor de unos de cemento. Un sofisticado aislamiento hidráulico fue desarrollado para proteger a la iglesia de las aguas del canal. Calefacción de vapor y sistemas eléctricos se instalaron después.
El 19 de agosto de 1907, el Metropolitano Antonio de San Petersburgo y Ládoga consagró la iglesia. El nuevo templo surgió junto al canal Griboyédova (anteriormente llamado Canal de Catalina), para perpetuar la memoria del emperador asesinado, Alejandro II.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección (Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada) es una de las iglesias más significativas en San Petersburgo. Su composición vibrante, pictórica y la decoración multicolor lo convierten en un punto destacado y distintivo en la arquitectura del entorno del centro de la ciudad. La Iglesia de San Salvador puede ser correctamente llamada un monumento de "estilo ruso" en San Petersburgo. Conforme a lo solicitado por Alejandro III, Alfred Parland diseñó la iglesia en el estilo del siglo XVIII y la arquitectura de Moscú y Yaroslavl. Él imaginariamente reelaboró las ideas de la arquitectura eclesiástica de la época anterior a Pedro el Grande para crear una iglesia que personificara el templo ortodoxo ruso.
El plan de la iglesia es una estructura compacta de cinco cúpulas, se completa con tres ábsides semicirculares en la parte este y un enorme pilar como la torre de campana en el extremo oeste. El techo de carpa octogonal de la torre ocupa la posición central. Este elemento tiene una estrecha afinidad con una serie de iglesias monumentales conmemorativas que datan de los siglos XVI al XVII.
La Iglesia es de ladrillo rojo y marrón, toda la superficie de sus paredes está cubierta de adornos elaborados y detallados, similares a los producidos por maestros del siglo XVII en Moscú y Yaroslavl. Bandas y cruces de ladrillo de color, azulejos policromados establecido en los huecos de la pared, "shirinka", azulejos en los tejados de las torres y coberturas piramidales, ábside, pequeños arcos de calado, las columnas en miniatura y kokoshniki (arcos de ménsula) de mármol blanco. Los mosaicos desempeñan un papel importante en la creación de aspecto festivo de la Iglesia acentuando los elementos arquitectónicos principales: kokoshniki, puertas de dique, y frontones.
Las cinco cúpulas centrales de la Iglesia son únicas, chapadas en cobre y esmalte de diferentes colores, que recuerdan a las cúpulas policromadas de la Catedral de San Basilio en Moscú, que a menudo es comparada a la Iglesia de la Resurrección, a pesar de su diferencia total en la ordenación en planta. Las cúpulas más pequeñas en forma de cebolla sobre los ábsides y la cúpula del campanario son, como es habitual, doradas.
El nivel inferior de la torre del campanario está decorada con 134 mosaicos de escudos de armas de las provincias y pueblos rusos que hicieron donaciones para la construcción de la iglesia. Estos escudos de armas componen una colección heráldica única.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo fue concebida como una de las principales iglesias de la capital, diseñada para servir como un recordatorio de las grandes hazañas realizadas por el zar Alejandro II, el Libertador.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglesia_del_Salvador_sobre_la_sangr...
The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood (Russian: Церковь Спаса на Крови, Tserkovʹ Spasa na Krovi) is one of the main sights of Saint Petersburg, Russia. Other names include the Church on Spilled Blood (Russian: Церковь на Крови, Tserkov’ na Krovi), the Temple of the Savior on Spilled Blood (Russian: Храм Спаса на Крови, Khram Spasa na Krovi), and the Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ (Russian: Собор Воскресения Христова, Sobor Voskreseniya Khristova).
This church was built on the site where Emperor Alexander II was fatally wounded by political nihilists in March 1881. The church was built between 1883 and 1907. The construction was funded by the imperial family.
Construction began in 1883 during the reign of Alexander III, 2 years after the assassination of his father Alexander II. The church was dedicated to be a memorial to his father, Alexander II. Estimates suggest that the construction cost 4.5 million rubles. The construction was completed during the reign of Nicholas II in 1907. Funding was provided by the Imperial family with the support of many private donors.
The church is prominently situated along the Griboedov Canal; paved roads run along both sides of the canal. On March 13, 1881 (Julian date: March 1), as Tsar Alexander II's carriage passed along the embankment, a grenade thrown by an anarchist conspirator exploded. The tsar, shaken but unhurt, got out of the carriage and started to remonstrate with the presumed culprit. A second conspirator took the chance to throw another bomb, killing himself and mortally wounding the tsar. The tsar, bleeding heavily, was taken back to the Winter Palace, where he died a few hours later.
A temporary shrine was erected on the site of the attack while plans and fundraising for a more permanent memorial were undertaken. In order to build a permanent shrine on the exact spot where the assassination took place, it was decided to narrow the canal so that the section of road on which the tsar had been driving could be included within the walls of the church. An elaborate shrine, in the form of a ciborium, was constructed at the end of the church opposite the altar, on the exact place of Alexander's assassination. It is embellished with topaz, lazurite and other semi-precious stones, making a striking contrast with the simple cobblestones of the old road, which are exposed in the floor of the shrine.
Architecturally, the cathedral differs from Saint Petersburg's other structures. The city's architecture is predominantly Baroque and Neoclassical, but the Savior on Blood harks back to medieval Russian architecture in the spirit of romantic nationalism. It intentionally resembles the 17th-century Yaroslavl churches and the celebrated St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow.
The church contains over 7500 square meters of mosaics—according to its restorers, more than any other church in the world. This record may be surpassed by the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, which houses 7700 square meters of mosaics. The interior was designed by some of the most celebrated Russian artists of the day—including Viktor Vasnetsov, Mikhail Nesterov and Mikhail Vrubel — but the church's chief architect, Alfred Alexandrovich Parland, was relatively little-known (born in Saint Petersburg in 1842 in a Baltic-German Lutheran family). Perhaps not surprisingly, the church's construction ran well over budget, having been estimated at 3.6 million rubles but ending up costing over 4.6 million. The walls and ceilings inside the church are completely covered in intricately detailed mosaics — the main pictures being biblical scenes or figures — but with very fine patterned borders setting off each picture.
In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, the church was ransacked and looted, badly damaging its interior. The Soviet government closed the church in 1932. During the Second World War when many people were starving due to the Siege of Leningrad by Nazi German military forces, the church was used as a temporary morgue for those who died in combat and from starvation and illness. The church suffered significant damage. After the war, it was used as a warehouse for vegetables, leading to the sardonic name of Saviour on Potatoes.
In July 1970, management of the church passed to Saint Isaac's Cathedral and it was used as a museum. The proceeds from the Cathedral funded the restoration of the church. It was reopened in August 1997, after 27 years of restoration, but has not been reconsecrated and does not function as a full-time place of worship. The Church of the Saviour on Blood is a museum of mosaics. In the pre-Revolution period it was not used as a public place of worship. The church was dedicated to the memory of the assassinated tsar and only panikhidas (memorial services) took place. The church is now one of the main tourist attractions in Saint Petersburg.
In 2005, the State Museum of St. Isaac's Cathedral began the recreation of the Holy Gates (permanently lost in the 1920s during the Soviet period). Entirely produced with enamels and based on the pictures and lithographies of the time, the new Holy Gates were designed by V. J. Nikolsky and S. G. Kochetova and reified by the famous enamel artist L. Solomnikova and her atelier. Orthodox bishop Amvrosij of Gatchina celebrated the consecration of these new Holy Gates on 14 March 2012, the 129th anniversary of Alexander II's assassination.
La Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada o Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo (en ruso:Храм Спаса на Крови) es una iglesia de San Petersburgo, situada en la orilla del canal Griboyédova (nombrado en honor de Aleksandr Griboyédov) cerca del parque del Museo Ruso y de la Avenida Nevski. El nombre oficial en ruso es Собор Воскресения Христова, que significa catedral de la Resurrección de Cristo, y fue construida sobre el lugar donde el zar Alejandro II de Rusia fue asesinado, víctima de un atentado el 13 de marzo de 1881 (1 de marzo para el calendario juliano, en vigor en Rusia en esa época). Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial y el bloqueo de la ciudad, una bomba cayó encima de la cúpula más alta de la iglesia. La bomba no explotó y estuvo dentro de la cúpula de la iglesia durante 19 años. Sólo cuando los obreros subieron a la cúpula para remendar las goteras, la bomba fue encontrada y retirada. Entonces se decidió comenzar la restauración de la Iglesia de la sangre derramada. Tras 27 años de restauración, la Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada fue inaugurada como museo estatal donde los visitantes pueden conocer la historia del asesinato de Alejandro II.
La iglesia fue diseñada en estilo ecléctico conjuntamente por el arquitecto Alfred Parland y el archimandrita Ignati (nombre secular Mályshev), rector del monasterio Tróitse-Sérguievski. La construcción de la iglesia se inició en 1883 durante el reinado de Alejandro III, como conmemoración a su padre asesinado en ese mismo lugar dos años antes. Los trabajos se prolongaron y fue finalizada en 1907, bajo el reinado de Nicolás II: los fondos necesarios procedieron de las arcas de la familia imperial y de numerosas donaciones privadas.
A finales de marzo de 1883, el Zar aprobó la composición de la Comisión de Consolidación con el Gran Duque Vladímir Aleksándrovich como su director. La primera sesión de la Comisión decidió el nombre del templo, como la Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo, como lo sugirió el archimandrita Ignati.
Un fragmento de la barandilla de hierro fundido, pedazos de granito y algunas piedras manchadas de sangre de Alejandro II fueron retirados del lugar para mantenerse como reliquias en la capilla en la Plaza de Konyúshennaya. Posteriormente, volvieron a donde pertenecían y fue erigido sobre el lugar un pabellón, como solía hacerse en las tradiciones de la arquitectura rusa. El 6 de octubre de 1883, se celebró la ceremonia de colocación de la primera piedra, con asistencia del metropolitano Isidoro de San Petersburgo y Nóvgorod y miembros de la familia imperial.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección tardó 24 años en construirse. Este lapso relativamente largo puede ser atribuido a la decoración abundante y variada y al uso en la construcción de técnicas de ingeniería innovadoras en la época. Los cimientos de estacas fueron abandonados por primera vez en la historia de San Petersburgo, a favor de unos de cemento. Un sofisticado aislamiento hidráulico fue desarrollado para proteger a la iglesia de las aguas del canal. Calefacción de vapor y sistemas eléctricos se instalaron después.
El 19 de agosto de 1907, el Metropolitano Antonio de San Petersburgo y Ládoga consagró la iglesia. El nuevo templo surgió junto al canal Griboyédova (anteriormente llamado Canal de Catalina), para perpetuar la memoria del emperador asesinado, Alejandro II.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección (Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada) es una de las iglesias más significativas en San Petersburgo. Su composición vibrante, pictórica y la decoración multicolor lo convierten en un punto destacado y distintivo en la arquitectura del entorno del centro de la ciudad. La Iglesia de San Salvador puede ser correctamente llamada un monumento de "estilo ruso" en San Petersburgo. Conforme a lo solicitado por Alejandro III, Alfred Parland diseñó la iglesia en el estilo del siglo XVIII y la arquitectura de Moscú y Yaroslavl. Él imaginariamente reelaboró las ideas de la arquitectura eclesiástica de la época anterior a Pedro el Grande para crear una iglesia que personificara el templo ortodoxo ruso.
El plan de la iglesia es una estructura compacta de cinco cúpulas, se completa con tres ábsides semicirculares en la parte este y un enorme pilar como la torre de campana en el extremo oeste. El techo de carpa octogonal de la torre ocupa la posición central. Este elemento tiene una estrecha afinidad con una serie de iglesias monumentales conmemorativas que datan de los siglos XVI al XVII.
La Iglesia es de ladrillo rojo y marrón, toda la superficie de sus paredes está cubierta de adornos elaborados y detallados, similares a los producidos por maestros del siglo XVII en Moscú y Yaroslavl. Bandas y cruces de ladrillo de color, azulejos policromados establecido en los huecos de la pared, "shirinka", azulejos en los tejados de las torres y coberturas piramidales, ábside, pequeños arcos de calado, las columnas en miniatura y kokoshniki (arcos de ménsula) de mármol blanco. Los mosaicos desempeñan un papel importante en la creación de aspecto festivo de la Iglesia acentuando los elementos arquitectónicos principales: kokoshniki, puertas de dique, y frontones.
Las cinco cúpulas centrales de la Iglesia son únicas, chapadas en cobre y esmalte de diferentes colores, que recuerdan a las cúpulas policromadas de la Catedral de San Basilio en Moscú, que a menudo es comparada a la Iglesia de la Resurrección, a pesar de su diferencia total en la ordenación en planta. Las cúpulas más pequeñas en forma de cebolla sobre los ábsides y la cúpula del campanario son, como es habitual, doradas.
El nivel inferior de la torre del campanario está decorada con 134 mosaicos de escudos de armas de las provincias y pueblos rusos que hicieron donaciones para la construcción de la iglesia. Estos escudos de armas componen una colección heráldica única.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo fue concebida como una de las principales iglesias de la capital, diseñada para servir como un recordatorio de las grandes hazañas realizadas por el zar Alejandro II, el Libertador.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglesia_del_Salvador_sobre_la_sangr...
The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood (Russian: Церковь Спаса на Крови, Tserkovʹ Spasa na Krovi) is one of the main sights of Saint Petersburg, Russia. Other names include the Church on Spilled Blood (Russian: Церковь на Крови, Tserkov’ na Krovi), the Temple of the Savior on Spilled Blood (Russian: Храм Спаса на Крови, Khram Spasa na Krovi), and the Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ (Russian: Собор Воскресения Христова, Sobor Voskreseniya Khristova).
This church was built on the site where Emperor Alexander II was fatally wounded by political nihilists in March 1881. The church was built between 1883 and 1907. The construction was funded by the imperial family.
Construction began in 1883 during the reign of Alexander III, 2 years after the assassination of his father Alexander II. The church was dedicated to be a memorial to his father, Alexander II. Estimates suggest that the construction cost 4.5 million rubles. The construction was completed during the reign of Nicholas II in 1907. Funding was provided by the Imperial family with the support of many private donors.
The church is prominently situated along the Griboedov Canal; paved roads run along both sides of the canal. On March 13, 1881 (Julian date: March 1), as Tsar Alexander II's carriage passed along the embankment, a grenade thrown by an anarchist conspirator exploded. The tsar, shaken but unhurt, got out of the carriage and started to remonstrate with the presumed culprit. A second conspirator took the chance to throw another bomb, killing himself and mortally wounding the tsar. The tsar, bleeding heavily, was taken back to the Winter Palace, where he died a few hours later.
A temporary shrine was erected on the site of the attack while plans and fundraising for a more permanent memorial were undertaken. In order to build a permanent shrine on the exact spot where the assassination took place, it was decided to narrow the canal so that the section of road on which the tsar had been driving could be included within the walls of the church. An elaborate shrine, in the form of a ciborium, was constructed at the end of the church opposite the altar, on the exact place of Alexander's assassination. It is embellished with topaz, lazurite and other semi-precious stones, making a striking contrast with the simple cobblestones of the old road, which are exposed in the floor of the shrine.
Architecturally, the cathedral differs from Saint Petersburg's other structures. The city's architecture is predominantly Baroque and Neoclassical, but the Savior on Blood harks back to medieval Russian architecture in the spirit of romantic nationalism. It intentionally resembles the 17th-century Yaroslavl churches and the celebrated St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow.
The church contains over 7500 square meters of mosaics—according to its restorers, more than any other church in the world. This record may be surpassed by the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, which houses 7700 square meters of mosaics. The interior was designed by some of the most celebrated Russian artists of the day—including Viktor Vasnetsov, Mikhail Nesterov and Mikhail Vrubel — but the church's chief architect, Alfred Alexandrovich Parland, was relatively little-known (born in Saint Petersburg in 1842 in a Baltic-German Lutheran family). Perhaps not surprisingly, the church's construction ran well over budget, having been estimated at 3.6 million rubles but ending up costing over 4.6 million. The walls and ceilings inside the church are completely covered in intricately detailed mosaics — the main pictures being biblical scenes or figures — but with very fine patterned borders setting off each picture.
In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, the church was ransacked and looted, badly damaging its interior. The Soviet government closed the church in 1932. During the Second World War when many people were starving due to the Siege of Leningrad by Nazi German military forces, the church was used as a temporary morgue for those who died in combat and from starvation and illness. The church suffered significant damage. After the war, it was used as a warehouse for vegetables, leading to the sardonic name of Saviour on Potatoes.
In July 1970, management of the church passed to Saint Isaac's Cathedral and it was used as a museum. The proceeds from the Cathedral funded the restoration of the church. It was reopened in August 1997, after 27 years of restoration, but has not been reconsecrated and does not function as a full-time place of worship. The Church of the Saviour on Blood is a museum of mosaics. In the pre-Revolution period it was not used as a public place of worship. The church was dedicated to the memory of the assassinated tsar and only panikhidas (memorial services) took place. The church is now one of the main tourist attractions in Saint Petersburg.
In 2005, the State Museum of St. Isaac's Cathedral began the recreation of the Holy Gates (permanently lost in the 1920s during the Soviet period). Entirely produced with enamels and based on the pictures and lithographies of the time, the new Holy Gates were designed by V. J. Nikolsky and S. G. Kochetova and reified by the famous enamel artist L. Solomnikova and her atelier. Orthodox bishop Amvrosij of Gatchina celebrated the consecration of these new Holy Gates on 14 March 2012, the 129th anniversary of Alexander II's assassination.
The church is decorated with incredibly detailed mosaics, designed and created by prominent Russian artists of the day (V.M. Vasnetsov, M.V. Nesterov and M.A. Vrubel).
La Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada o Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo (en ruso:Храм Спаса на Крови) es una iglesia de San Petersburgo, situada en la orilla del canal Griboyédova (nombrado en honor de Aleksandr Griboyédov) cerca del parque del Museo Ruso y de la Avenida Nevski. El nombre oficial en ruso es Собор Воскресения Христова, que significa catedral de la Resurrección de Cristo, y fue construida sobre el lugar donde el zar Alejandro II de Rusia fue asesinado, víctima de un atentado el 13 de marzo de 1881 (1 de marzo para el calendario juliano, en vigor en Rusia en esa época). Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial y el bloqueo de la ciudad, una bomba cayó encima de la cúpula más alta de la iglesia. La bomba no explotó y estuvo dentro de la cúpula de la iglesia durante 19 años. Sólo cuando los obreros subieron a la cúpula para remendar las goteras, la bomba fue encontrada y retirada. Entonces se decidió comenzar la restauración de la Iglesia de la sangre derramada. Tras 27 años de restauración, la Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada fue inaugurada como museo estatal donde los visitantes pueden conocer la historia del asesinato de Alejandro II.
La iglesia fue diseñada en estilo ecléctico conjuntamente por el arquitecto Alfred Parland y el archimandrita Ignati (nombre secular Mályshev), rector del monasterio Tróitse-Sérguievski. La construcción de la iglesia se inició en 1883 durante el reinado de Alejandro III, como conmemoración a su padre asesinado en ese mismo lugar dos años antes. Los trabajos se prolongaron y fue finalizada en 1907, bajo el reinado de Nicolás II: los fondos necesarios procedieron de las arcas de la familia imperial y de numerosas donaciones privadas.
A finales de marzo de 1883, el Zar aprobó la composición de la Comisión de Consolidación con el Gran Duque Vladímir Aleksándrovich como su director. La primera sesión de la Comisión decidió el nombre del templo, como la Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo, como lo sugirió el archimandrita Ignati.
Un fragmento de la barandilla de hierro fundido, pedazos de granito y algunas piedras manchadas de sangre de Alejandro II fueron retirados del lugar para mantenerse como reliquias en la capilla en la Plaza de Konyúshennaya. Posteriormente, volvieron a donde pertenecían y fue erigido sobre el lugar un pabellón, como solía hacerse en las tradiciones de la arquitectura rusa. El 6 de octubre de 1883, se celebró la ceremonia de colocación de la primera piedra, con asistencia del metropolitano Isidoro de San Petersburgo y Nóvgorod y miembros de la familia imperial.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección tardó 24 años en construirse. Este lapso relativamente largo puede ser atribuido a la decoración abundante y variada y al uso en la construcción de técnicas de ingeniería innovadoras en la época. Los cimientos de estacas fueron abandonados por primera vez en la historia de San Petersburgo, a favor de unos de cemento. Un sofisticado aislamiento hidráulico fue desarrollado para proteger a la iglesia de las aguas del canal. Calefacción de vapor y sistemas eléctricos se instalaron después.
El 19 de agosto de 1907, el Metropolitano Antonio de San Petersburgo y Ládoga consagró la iglesia. El nuevo templo surgió junto al canal Griboyédova (anteriormente llamado Canal de Catalina), para perpetuar la memoria del emperador asesinado, Alejandro II.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección (Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada) es una de las iglesias más significativas en San Petersburgo. Su composición vibrante, pictórica y la decoración multicolor lo convierten en un punto destacado y distintivo en la arquitectura del entorno del centro de la ciudad. La Iglesia de San Salvador puede ser correctamente llamada un monumento de "estilo ruso" en San Petersburgo. Conforme a lo solicitado por Alejandro III, Alfred Parland diseñó la iglesia en el estilo del siglo XVIII y la arquitectura de Moscú y Yaroslavl. Él imaginariamente reelaboró las ideas de la arquitectura eclesiástica de la época anterior a Pedro el Grande para crear una iglesia que personificara el templo ortodoxo ruso.
El plan de la iglesia es una estructura compacta de cinco cúpulas, se completa con tres ábsides semicirculares en la parte este y un enorme pilar como la torre de campana en el extremo oeste. El techo de carpa octogonal de la torre ocupa la posición central. Este elemento tiene una estrecha afinidad con una serie de iglesias monumentales conmemorativas que datan de los siglos XVI al XVII.
La Iglesia es de ladrillo rojo y marrón, toda la superficie de sus paredes está cubierta de adornos elaborados y detallados, similares a los producidos por maestros del siglo XVII en Moscú y Yaroslavl. Bandas y cruces de ladrillo de color, azulejos policromados establecido en los huecos de la pared, "shirinka", azulejos en los tejados de las torres y coberturas piramidales, ábside, pequeños arcos de calado, las columnas en miniatura y kokoshniki (arcos de ménsula) de mármol blanco. Los mosaicos desempeñan un papel importante en la creación de aspecto festivo de la Iglesia acentuando los elementos arquitectónicos principales: kokoshniki, puertas de dique, y frontones.
Las cinco cúpulas centrales de la Iglesia son únicas, chapadas en cobre y esmalte de diferentes colores, que recuerdan a las cúpulas policromadas de la Catedral de San Basilio en Moscú, que a menudo es comparada a la Iglesia de la Resurrección, a pesar de su diferencia total en la ordenación en planta. Las cúpulas más pequeñas en forma de cebolla sobre los ábsides y la cúpula del campanario son, como es habitual, doradas.
El nivel inferior de la torre del campanario está decorada con 134 mosaicos de escudos de armas de las provincias y pueblos rusos que hicieron donaciones para la construcción de la iglesia. Estos escudos de armas componen una colección heráldica única.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo fue concebida como una de las principales iglesias de la capital, diseñada para servir como un recordatorio de las grandes hazañas realizadas por el zar Alejandro II, el Libertador.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglesia_del_Salvador_sobre_la_sangr...
The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood (Russian: Церковь Спаса на Крови, Tserkovʹ Spasa na Krovi) is one of the main sights of Saint Petersburg, Russia. Other names include the Church on Spilled Blood (Russian: Церковь на Крови, Tserkov’ na Krovi), the Temple of the Savior on Spilled Blood (Russian: Храм Спаса на Крови, Khram Spasa na Krovi), and the Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ (Russian: Собор Воскресения Христова, Sobor Voskreseniya Khristova).
This church was built on the site where Emperor Alexander II was fatally wounded by political nihilists in March 1881. The church was built between 1883 and 1907. The construction was funded by the imperial family.
Construction began in 1883 during the reign of Alexander III, 2 years after the assassination of his father Alexander II. The church was dedicated to be a memorial to his father, Alexander II. Estimates suggest that the construction cost 4.5 million rubles. The construction was completed during the reign of Nicholas II in 1907. Funding was provided by the Imperial family with the support of many private donors.
The church is prominently situated along the Griboedov Canal; paved roads run along both sides of the canal. On March 13, 1881 (Julian date: March 1), as Tsar Alexander II's carriage passed along the embankment, a grenade thrown by an anarchist conspirator exploded. The tsar, shaken but unhurt, got out of the carriage and started to remonstrate with the presumed culprit. A second conspirator took the chance to throw another bomb, killing himself and mortally wounding the tsar. The tsar, bleeding heavily, was taken back to the Winter Palace, where he died a few hours later.
A temporary shrine was erected on the site of the attack while plans and fundraising for a more permanent memorial were undertaken. In order to build a permanent shrine on the exact spot where the assassination took place, it was decided to narrow the canal so that the section of road on which the tsar had been driving could be included within the walls of the church. An elaborate shrine, in the form of a ciborium, was constructed at the end of the church opposite the altar, on the exact place of Alexander's assassination. It is embellished with topaz, lazurite and other semi-precious stones, making a striking contrast with the simple cobblestones of the old road, which are exposed in the floor of the shrine.
Architecturally, the cathedral differs from Saint Petersburg's other structures. The city's architecture is predominantly Baroque and Neoclassical, but the Savior on Blood harks back to medieval Russian architecture in the spirit of romantic nationalism. It intentionally resembles the 17th-century Yaroslavl churches and the celebrated St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow.
The church contains over 7500 square meters of mosaics—according to its restorers, more than any other church in the world. This record may be surpassed by the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, which houses 7700 square meters of mosaics. The interior was designed by some of the most celebrated Russian artists of the day—including Viktor Vasnetsov, Mikhail Nesterov and Mikhail Vrubel — but the church's chief architect, Alfred Alexandrovich Parland, was relatively little-known (born in Saint Petersburg in 1842 in a Baltic-German Lutheran family). Perhaps not surprisingly, the church's construction ran well over budget, having been estimated at 3.6 million rubles but ending up costing over 4.6 million. The walls and ceilings inside the church are completely covered in intricately detailed mosaics — the main pictures being biblical scenes or figures — but with very fine patterned borders setting off each picture.
In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, the church was ransacked and looted, badly damaging its interior. The Soviet government closed the church in 1932. During the Second World War when many people were starving due to the Siege of Leningrad by Nazi German military forces, the church was used as a temporary morgue for those who died in combat and from starvation and illness. The church suffered significant damage. After the war, it was used as a warehouse for vegetables, leading to the sardonic name of Saviour on Potatoes.
In July 1970, management of the church passed to Saint Isaac's Cathedral and it was used as a museum. The proceeds from the Cathedral funded the restoration of the church. It was reopened in August 1997, after 27 years of restoration, but has not been reconsecrated and does not function as a full-time place of worship. The Church of the Saviour on Blood is a museum of mosaics. In the pre-Revolution period it was not used as a public place of worship. The church was dedicated to the memory of the assassinated tsar and only panikhidas (memorial services) took place. The church is now one of the main tourist attractions in Saint Petersburg.
In 2005, the State Museum of St. Isaac's Cathedral began the recreation of the Holy Gates (permanently lost in the 1920s during the Soviet period). Entirely produced with enamels and based on the pictures and lithographies of the time, the new Holy Gates were designed by V. J. Nikolsky and S. G. Kochetova and reified by the famous enamel artist L. Solomnikova and her atelier. Orthodox bishop Amvrosij of Gatchina celebrated the consecration of these new Holy Gates on 14 March 2012, the 129th anniversary of Alexander II's assassination.
Three of the most famous bogatyrs, Dobrynya Nikitich, Ilya Muromets and Alyosha Popovich, are represented together in Victor Vasnetsov's 1898 painting Bogatyrs.
The church is decorated with incredibly detailed mosaics, designed and created by prominent Russian artists of the day (V.M. Vasnetsov, M.V. Nesterov and M.A. Vrubel).
Torre de San Nicolás (Nikólskaya) Al mismo tiempo que la torre del Salvador, en la parte norte de la Plaza Roja, se construyó en 1491 la torre de San Nicolás. Su nombre lo tomó del icono de San Nicolás, que había sido colocado sobre la puerta de entrada, y de la calle Nikólskaya, que desde la torre se extiende hacia el norte. En el antaño, allí estuvo el monasterio de San Nicolás, que en los siglos XIV—XVI desempeñó un destacado papel en los asuntos de la alta jerarquía eclesiástica de Rusia.
La ornamentación arquitectónica de las fachadas en estilo gótico, encaje de piedra blanca, y las cuatro altas torrecillas que flanquean la planta cuadrada inferior constituyen la peculiaridad que distingue a la torre de San Nicolás de las demás torres del Kremlin. La torre mide 67,1 metros de altura hasta la estrella; y con la estrella, 70,4 metros en total.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muralla_y_torres_del_Kremlin_de_Moscú
The Nikolskaya Tower (Russian: Никольская башня) is a tower with a through-passage on the eastern wall of the Moscow Kremlin, which overlooks the Red Square not far from the State Historical Museum.
The Nikolskaya Tower was built in 1491 by an Italian architect Pietro Antonio Solari. It was named after Nikolaevsky (Nikolsky) Greek Monastery, which is no longer there. In 1806, the tower was rebuilt in the neo-Gothic style by an architect Luigi Rusca. In 1812, the top of the tower was blown up by the retreating French army. It was restored in 1816 by an architect Osip Bove. The Nikolskaya Tower was once again severely damaged by the artillery fire in October 1917 and was later restored by an architect Nikolai Markovnikov. In 1935, the Soviets installed a red star on top of the tower. Its current height with the star is 70.4 metres (231 ft). The original icon of Saint Nicholas of Mozhaysk, placed above the entrance on Red Square had been plastered over by Soviet authorities and was uncovered and restored in 2010 - similar to what took place on the Spasskaya Tower.
Geographical coordinates:55.754421°N 37.617713°E
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Moscow_Kremlin_towers
El Museo Estatal de Historia de Rusia (en ruso: Государственный Исторический музей)? está localizado entre la Plaza Roja y la Plaza del Manège en Moscú. Su catálogo recoge desde reliquias de tribus prehistóricas que ocupaban el territorio de la actual Rusia, hasta obras de arte de valor incalculable adquiridas por miembros de la dinastía Románov. El número total de objetos en la colección del museo es del orden de millones.
El lugar donde actualmente se yergue el museo fue anteriormente ocupado por la Principal Tienda de Medicina, construida según órdenes de Pedro el Grande en estilo barroco moscovita. Muchas de sus salas albergaron colecciones reales de antigüedades, otras fueron ocupadas por la Universidad Estatal de Moscú fundada por Mijaíl Lomonósov en 1755.
El museo fue fundado en 1872 por Iván Zabelin, Alekséi Uvárov y muchos otros eslavófilos interesados en la promoción de la historia rusa y de la conciencia nacionalista. El consejo del museo formado por Serguéi Soloviov, Vasili Kliuchevski, Uvárov y otras destacados historiadores presidió la construcción del inmueble. Después de una prolongada competición el proyecto ganador fue el de Vladímir Ósipovich Shervud (o Sherwood, 1833-1897).
El edificio fue construido según los cánones del estilo neo-ruso entre 1875 y 1881 e inaugurado oficialmente por el Zar Alejandro III. El interior estaba intrincadamente decorado según el nuevo romanticismo ruso por artistas tales como Víktor Vasnetsov, Henrik Semiradski, e Iván Aivazovsk
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_Estatal_de_Historia_(Moscú)
The State Historical Museum (Russian: Государственный исторический музей, Gosudarstvenny istoricheskiy muzyey) of Russia is a museum of Russian history wedged between Red Square and Manege Square in Moscow. Its exhibitions range from relics of prehistoric tribes that lived on the territory of present-day Russia, through priceless artworks acquired by members of the Romanov dynasty. The total number of objects in the museum's collection comes to millions.
The place where the museum now stands was formerly occupied by the Principal Medicine Store, built by order of Peter the Great in the Moscow baroque style. Several rooms in that building housed royal collections of antiquities. Other rooms were occupied by the Moscow University, founded by Mikhail Lomonosov in 1755.
The museum was founded in 1872 by Ivan Zabelin, Aleksey Uvarov and several other Slavophiles interested in promoting Russian history and national self-awareness. The board of trustees, composed of Sergey Solovyov, Vasily Klyuchevsky, Uvarov and other leading historians, presided over the construction of the museum building. After a prolonged competition the project was handed over to Vladimir Osipovich Shervud (or Sherwood, 1833–97).
www.youtube.com/watch?v=vyFkPd6fEuI
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Biserica Rusă, Biserica studenţilor, Bucuresti
St. Nicholas Russian Church [finished in 1909], Bucharest, Romania
Architect: V. A. Prevbrajenski
Murals: Viktor Vasnetsov
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Russian_Church
www.monumenteromania.ro/index.php/monumente/detalii/en/Ru...
The Church contains over 7500 square meters of mosaics—according to its restorers, more than any other church in the world. This record may be surpassed by the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, which houses 7700 square meters of mosaics. The interior was designed by some of the most celebrated Russian artists of the day—including Viktor Vasnetsov, Mikhail Nesterov and Mikhail Vrubel — but the church's chief architect, Alfred Alexandrovich Parland, was relatively little-known (born in St. Petersburg in 1842 in a Baltic-German Lutheran family). Perhaps not surprisingly, the Church's construction ran well over budget, having been estimated at 3.6 million rubles but ending up costing over 4.6 million. The walls and ceilings inside the Church are completely covered in intricately detailed mosaics — the main pictures being biblical scenes or figures — but with very fine patterned borders setting off each picture.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mglw77ZqkLo&feature=share&...
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Biserica Rusă, Biserica studenţilor, Bucuresti
Paraclis universitar
St. Nicholas Russian Church [finished in 1909], Bucharest, Romania
Architect: V. A. Prevbrajenski
Murals: Viktor Vasnetsov
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Russian_Church
www.monumenteromania.ro/index.php/monumente/detalii/en/Ru...
Sacred Harp singing - 107 Russia
'My spirit looks to God alone; my rock and refuge is His throne.' Composed by Daniel Read in 1786 with words by Isaac Watts, 'Russia' is a favorite with Sacred Harp singers.
youtu.be/R6KrHqsNX1U [with lyrics]
Sacred Harp Singing
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_Harp
www.flickr.com/photos/a_whistling_train/7142844701/
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photo:
Biserica Rusă, Biserica studenţilor, Bucuresti
St. Nicholas Russian Church [finished in 1909], Bucharest, Romania
Architect: V. A. Prevbrajenski
Murals: Viktor Vasnetsov
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Russian_Church
www.monumenteromania.ro/index.php/monumente/detalii/en/Ru...
La Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada o Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo (en ruso:Храм Спаса на Крови) es una iglesia de San Petersburgo, situada en la orilla del canal Griboyédova (nombrado en honor de Aleksandr Griboyédov) cerca del parque del Museo Ruso y de la Avenida Nevski. El nombre oficial en ruso es Собор Воскресения Христова, que significa catedral de la Resurrección de Cristo, y fue construida sobre el lugar donde el zar Alejandro II de Rusia fue asesinado, víctima de un atentado el 13 de marzo de 1881 (1 de marzo para el calendario juliano, en vigor en Rusia en esa época). Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial y el bloqueo de la ciudad, una bomba cayó encima de la cúpula más alta de la iglesia. La bomba no explotó y estuvo dentro de la cúpula de la iglesia durante 19 años. Sólo cuando los obreros subieron a la cúpula para remendar las goteras, la bomba fue encontrada y retirada. Entonces se decidió comenzar la restauración de la Iglesia de la sangre derramada. Tras 27 años de restauración, la Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada fue inaugurada como museo estatal donde los visitantes pueden conocer la historia del asesinato de Alejandro II.
La iglesia fue diseñada en estilo ecléctico conjuntamente por el arquitecto Alfred Parland y el archimandrita Ignati (nombre secular Mályshev), rector del monasterio Tróitse-Sérguievski. La construcción de la iglesia se inició en 1883 durante el reinado de Alejandro III, como conmemoración a su padre asesinado en ese mismo lugar dos años antes. Los trabajos se prolongaron y fue finalizada en 1907, bajo el reinado de Nicolás II: los fondos necesarios procedieron de las arcas de la familia imperial y de numerosas donaciones privadas.
A finales de marzo de 1883, el Zar aprobó la composición de la Comisión de Consolidación con el Gran Duque Vladímir Aleksándrovich como su director. La primera sesión de la Comisión decidió el nombre del templo, como la Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo, como lo sugirió el archimandrita Ignati.
Un fragmento de la barandilla de hierro fundido, pedazos de granito y algunas piedras manchadas de sangre de Alejandro II fueron retirados del lugar para mantenerse como reliquias en la capilla en la Plaza de Konyúshennaya. Posteriormente, volvieron a donde pertenecían y fue erigido sobre el lugar un pabellón, como solía hacerse en las tradiciones de la arquitectura rusa. El 6 de octubre de 1883, se celebró la ceremonia de colocación de la primera piedra, con asistencia del metropolitano Isidoro de San Petersburgo y Nóvgorod y miembros de la familia imperial.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección tardó 24 años en construirse. Este lapso relativamente largo puede ser atribuido a la decoración abundante y variada y al uso en la construcción de técnicas de ingeniería innovadoras en la época. Los cimientos de estacas fueron abandonados por primera vez en la historia de San Petersburgo, a favor de unos de cemento. Un sofisticado aislamiento hidráulico fue desarrollado para proteger a la iglesia de las aguas del canal. Calefacción de vapor y sistemas eléctricos se instalaron después.
El 19 de agosto de 1907, el Metropolitano Antonio de San Petersburgo y Ládoga consagró la iglesia. El nuevo templo surgió junto al canal Griboyédova (anteriormente llamado Canal de Catalina), para perpetuar la memoria del emperador asesinado, Alejandro II.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección (Iglesia del Salvador sobre la Sangre Derramada) es una de las iglesias más significativas en San Petersburgo. Su composición vibrante, pictórica y la decoración multicolor lo convierten en un punto destacado y distintivo en la arquitectura del entorno del centro de la ciudad. La Iglesia de San Salvador puede ser correctamente llamada un monumento de "estilo ruso" en San Petersburgo. Conforme a lo solicitado por Alejandro III, Alfred Parland diseñó la iglesia en el estilo del siglo XVIII y la arquitectura de Moscú y Yaroslavl. Él imaginariamente reelaboró las ideas de la arquitectura eclesiástica de la época anterior a Pedro el Grande para crear una iglesia que personificara el templo ortodoxo ruso.
El plan de la iglesia es una estructura compacta de cinco cúpulas, se completa con tres ábsides semicirculares en la parte este y un enorme pilar como la torre de campana en el extremo oeste. El techo de carpa octogonal de la torre ocupa la posición central. Este elemento tiene una estrecha afinidad con una serie de iglesias monumentales conmemorativas que datan de los siglos XVI al XVII.
La Iglesia es de ladrillo rojo y marrón, toda la superficie de sus paredes está cubierta de adornos elaborados y detallados, similares a los producidos por maestros del siglo XVII en Moscú y Yaroslavl. Bandas y cruces de ladrillo de color, azulejos policromados establecido en los huecos de la pared, "shirinka", azulejos en los tejados de las torres y coberturas piramidales, ábside, pequeños arcos de calado, las columnas en miniatura y kokoshniki (arcos de ménsula) de mármol blanco. Los mosaicos desempeñan un papel importante en la creación de aspecto festivo de la Iglesia acentuando los elementos arquitectónicos principales: kokoshniki, puertas de dique, y frontones.
Las cinco cúpulas centrales de la Iglesia son únicas, chapadas en cobre y esmalte de diferentes colores, que recuerdan a las cúpulas policromadas de la Catedral de San Basilio en Moscú, que a menudo es comparada a la Iglesia de la Resurrección, a pesar de su diferencia total en la ordenación en planta. Las cúpulas más pequeñas en forma de cebolla sobre los ábsides y la cúpula del campanario son, como es habitual, doradas.
El nivel inferior de la torre del campanario está decorada con 134 mosaicos de escudos de armas de las provincias y pueblos rusos que hicieron donaciones para la construcción de la iglesia. Estos escudos de armas componen una colección heráldica única.
La Iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo fue concebida como una de las principales iglesias de la capital, diseñada para servir como un recordatorio de las grandes hazañas realizadas por el zar Alejandro II, el Libertador.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglesia_del_Salvador_sobre_la_sangr...
The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood (Russian: Церковь Спаса на Крови, Tserkovʹ Spasa na Krovi) is one of the main sights of Saint Petersburg, Russia. Other names include the Church on Spilled Blood (Russian: Церковь на Крови, Tserkov’ na Krovi), the Temple of the Savior on Spilled Blood (Russian: Храм Спаса на Крови, Khram Spasa na Krovi), and the Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ (Russian: Собор Воскресения Христова, Sobor Voskreseniya Khristova).
This church was built on the site where Emperor Alexander II was fatally wounded by political nihilists in March 1881. The church was built between 1883 and 1907. The construction was funded by the imperial family.
Construction began in 1883 during the reign of Alexander III, 2 years after the assassination of his father Alexander II. The church was dedicated to be a memorial to his father, Alexander II. Estimates suggest that the construction cost 4.5 million rubles. The construction was completed during the reign of Nicholas II in 1907. Funding was provided by the Imperial family with the support of many private donors.
The church is prominently situated along the Griboedov Canal; paved roads run along both sides of the canal. On March 13, 1881 (Julian date: March 1), as Tsar Alexander II's carriage passed along the embankment, a grenade thrown by an anarchist conspirator exploded. The tsar, shaken but unhurt, got out of the carriage and started to remonstrate with the presumed culprit. A second conspirator took the chance to throw another bomb, killing himself and mortally wounding the tsar. The tsar, bleeding heavily, was taken back to the Winter Palace, where he died a few hours later.
A temporary shrine was erected on the site of the attack while plans and fundraising for a more permanent memorial were undertaken. In order to build a permanent shrine on the exact spot where the assassination took place, it was decided to narrow the canal so that the section of road on which the tsar had been driving could be included within the walls of the church. An elaborate shrine, in the form of a ciborium, was constructed at the end of the church opposite the altar, on the exact place of Alexander's assassination. It is embellished with topaz, lazurite and other semi-precious stones, making a striking contrast with the simple cobblestones of the old road, which are exposed in the floor of the shrine.
Architecturally, the cathedral differs from Saint Petersburg's other structures. The city's architecture is predominantly Baroque and Neoclassical, but the Savior on Blood harks back to medieval Russian architecture in the spirit of romantic nationalism. It intentionally resembles the 17th-century Yaroslavl churches and the celebrated St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow.
The church contains over 7500 square meters of mosaics—according to its restorers, more than any other church in the world. This record may be surpassed by the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, which houses 7700 square meters of mosaics. The interior was designed by some of the most celebrated Russian artists of the day—including Viktor Vasnetsov, Mikhail Nesterov and Mikhail Vrubel — but the church's chief architect, Alfred Alexandrovich Parland, was relatively little-known (born in Saint Petersburg in 1842 in a Baltic-German Lutheran family). Perhaps not surprisingly, the church's construction ran well over budget, having been estimated at 3.6 million rubles but ending up costing over 4.6 million. The walls and ceilings inside the church are completely covered in intricately detailed mosaics — the main pictures being biblical scenes or figures — but with very fine patterned borders setting off each picture.
In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, the church was ransacked and looted, badly damaging its interior. The Soviet government closed the church in 1932. During the Second World War when many people were starving due to the Siege of Leningrad by Nazi German military forces, the church was used as a temporary morgue for those who died in combat and from starvation and illness. The church suffered significant damage. After the war, it was used as a warehouse for vegetables, leading to the sardonic name of Saviour on Potatoes.
In July 1970, management of the church passed to Saint Isaac's Cathedral and it was used as a museum. The proceeds from the Cathedral funded the restoration of the church. It was reopened in August 1997, after 27 years of restoration, but has not been reconsecrated and does not function as a full-time place of worship. The Church of the Saviour on Blood is a museum of mosaics. In the pre-Revolution period it was not used as a public place of worship. The church was dedicated to the memory of the assassinated tsar and only panikhidas (memorial services) took place. The church is now one of the main tourist attractions in Saint Petersburg.
In 2005, the State Museum of St. Isaac's Cathedral began the recreation of the Holy Gates (permanently lost in the 1920s during the Soviet period). Entirely produced with enamels and based on the pictures and lithographies of the time, the new Holy Gates were designed by V. J. Nikolsky and S. G. Kochetova and reified by the famous enamel artist L. Solomnikova and her atelier. Orthodox bishop Amvrosij of Gatchina celebrated the consecration of these new Holy Gates on 14 March 2012, the 129th anniversary of Alexander II's assassination.
Airbus A320-200 - Aeroflot - Russian Airlines
Named "V. Vasnetsov / В. Васнецов"
Registration VP-BQV
Amsterdam Airport Schiphol (EHAM/AMS)
Russian Orthodox Music
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photo:
Церковь Святого Николая (Бухарест)
Biserica Rusă, Biserica studenţilor, Bucuresti
St. Nicholas Russian Church [finished in 1909], Bucharest, Romania
Architect: V. A. Prevbrajenski
Murals: Viktor Vasnetsov
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Russian_Church
www.monumenteromania.ro/index.php/monumente/detalii/en/Ru...
Viktor Vasnetsov - Ви́ктор Миха́йлович Васнецо́в
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor_Vasnetsov
V. A. Prevbrajenski - Михаи́л Тимофе́евич Преображе́нский
ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8...
The Church of the Resurrection, also known as the "Savior on Spilled Blood", was built in memory of Alexander II who was assassinated in 1881. The church stands in the very place where a bomb was thrown into his carriage by a young man who opposed the Tsar's reforms.
The Cathedral is decorated with Italian limestone and various semiprecious stones like jasper, mountain crystal, topaz, and others. On the outside, there are twenty granite plates which tell the most important events of Alexander II's reign.
The highlight of both the interior and exterior of the Cathedral are its mosaic collection based on the paintings of Vasnetsov, Nesterol, and Vrubel. With a total area of 23130 square feet, it is one of the largest mosaic collections in Europe.
Masterpiece of the Tretyakov Art Gallery (Moscow, Russia).
The Tretyakov Gallery houses one of the most celebrated and extensive collections of Russian art and artifacts in the world. The gallery was named after the financier and entrepreneur Pavel Tretyakov (1832-98), who donated approximately 2,000 works of Russian art from his own private collection to the city of Moscow at the end of the 19th century. These works formed the basis from which today's impressive collection grew. Without Tretyakov's extensive and generous patronage of the arts many Russian artists would not have been able to achieve the artistic success that they did and the world of Russian art would be considerably diminished. Along with his paintings, Tretyakov also generously donated his own house and surrounding buildings, which became the original premises of the gallery. These buildings were united under one neo-Russian facade, designed by the famous Russian artist Viktor Vasnetsov, and the gallery was opened to the public. The gallery is still housed on the same site, but in an extended and recently renovated complex of buildings, and its collection now comprises the entire spectrum of Russian art. Exhibition halls feature icons (most notably an impressive collection of icons by the artist Andrei Rublyov, 18th century portraits, 19th century Realist works, 20th century Romantic, Symbolist and avant-garde canvases and displays of graphic and applied arts. The Tretyakov's magnificent collection of Soviet art is now housed independently in the enormous Central House of Artists, opposite Gorky Park, and is well worth a visit for those admirers of 20th century art.
A visit to the Tretyakov Gallery is a definite must for anyone interested in Russian art and culture.
Huile sur carton, 24 × 33 cm, automne 1901, Fondation Gabriele Münter et Johannes Eichner, Munich.
Okhtyrka (en ukrainien : Охтирка) ou Akhtyrka (en russe : Ахтырка) est aujourd'hui une ville d' Ukraine, située à la confluence des rivières Okhtyrka et Vorskla, qui se trouve à 311 km à l'est de Kiev. Les paysages d’un village russe portant le même nom russisé Akhtyrka, Oblast de Moscou, ont inspiré les peintres russes Viktor Vasnetsov en 1880 et puis Vassily Kandinsky (cf. wikipédia).
Russian Orthodox Music
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Biserica Rusă, Biserica studenţilor, Bucuresti
St. Nicholas Russian Church [finished in 1909], Bucharest, Romania
Architect: V. A. Prevbrajenski
Murals: Viktor Vasnetsov
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Russian_Church
www.monumenteromania.ro/index.php/monumente/detalii/en/Ru...
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mglw77ZqkLo&feature=share&...
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Biserica Rusă, Biserica studenţilor, Bucuresti
St. Nicholas Russian Church [finished in 1909], Bucharest, Romania
Architect: V. A. Prevbrajenski
Murals: Viktor Vasnetsov
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Russian_Church
www.monumenteromania.ro/index.php/monumente/detalii/en/Ru...
El Museo Estatal de Historia de Rusia (en ruso: Государственный Исторический музей)? está localizado entre la Plaza Roja y la Plaza del Manège en Moscú. Su catálogo recoge desde reliquias de tribus prehistóricas que ocupaban el territorio de la actual Rusia, hasta obras de arte de valor incalculable adquiridas por miembros de la dinastía Románov. El número total de objetos en la colección del museo es del orden de millones.
El lugar donde actualmente se yergue el museo fue anteriormente ocupado por la Principal Tienda de Medicina, construida según órdenes de Pedro el Grande en estilo barroco moscovita. Muchas de sus salas albergaron colecciones reales de antigüedades, otras fueron ocupadas por la Universidad Estatal de Moscú fundada por Mijaíl Lomonósov en 1755.
El museo fue fundado en 1872 por Iván Zabelin, Alekséi Uvárov y muchos otros eslavófilos interesados en la promoción de la historia rusa y de la conciencia nacionalista. El consejo del museo formado por Serguéi Soloviov, Vasili Kliuchevski, Uvárov y otras destacados historiadores presidió la construcción del inmueble. Después de una prolongada competición el proyecto ganador fue el de Vladímir Ósipovich Shervud (o Sherwood, 1833-1897).
El edificio fue construido según los cánones del estilo neo-ruso entre 1875 y 1881 e inaugurado oficialmente por el Zar Alejandro III. El interior estaba intrincadamente decorado según el nuevo romanticismo ruso por artistas tales como Víktor Vasnetsov, Henrik Semiradski, e Iván Aivazovsk
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_Estatal_de_Historia_(Moscú)
The State Historical Museum (Russian: Государственный исторический музей, Gosudarstvenny istoricheskiy muzyey) of Russia is a museum of Russian history wedged between Red Square and Manege Square in Moscow. Its exhibitions range from relics of prehistoric tribes that lived on the territory of present-day Russia, through priceless artworks acquired by members of the Romanov dynasty. The total number of objects in the museum's collection comes to millions.
The place where the museum now stands was formerly occupied by the Principal Medicine Store, built by order of Peter the Great in the Moscow baroque style. Several rooms in that building housed royal collections of antiquities. Other rooms were occupied by the Moscow University, founded by Mikhail Lomonosov in 1755.
The museum was founded in 1872 by Ivan Zabelin, Aleksey Uvarov and several other Slavophiles interested in promoting Russian history and national self-awareness. The board of trustees, composed of Sergey Solovyov, Vasily Klyuchevsky, Uvarov and other leading historians, presided over the construction of the museum building. After a prolonged competition the project was handed over to Vladimir Osipovich Shervud (or Sherwood, 1833–97).
El Salvador sobre la sangre derramada o La iglesia de la Resurrección de Cristo fue erigida en 1883-1907 (arquitectos I. Makárov Alfred Parland) como templo - monumento en el lugar donde el 1 de marzo de 1881 fue herido mortalmente el emperador Alejandro II.
El magnicidio fue perpetrado por un terrorista del grupo nihilista (anarquismo ruso)"Naródnaina Volía>> «(Vóluntad del Pueblo»).
El edificio está estilizado en el espíritu de la arquitectura rusa de los siglos XVI-XVII, en particular se utilizaron con profusión los procedimientos de la catedral moscovita del Manto de la Virgen (tempo de San Basilio Beato). Su silueta es complicada y muy pintoresca. La ornamentación multicolor, viva. se refleja maravillosamente en las aguas del canal Griboédov. Las fachadas están revestidas con ladrillos esmaltados, baldosas y azulejos. En el ornato interior se usaron mármoles italianos y diversos tipos de piedras semipreciosas rusas. Las fachadas y los interiores presentan un imponente conjunto de mosaicos, elaborados a partir de 1895 en el taller de los hermanos Frolov en base a obras originales de los pintores V. Vasnetsov, M. Nésterov. M. Vrúbel, A. Riábushkin y otros.
En la década de 1930 en el templo había una exposición dedicada a la organización «Naródnaia Volia> en los 70 el edificio fue cedido al «Monumento-museo» catedral de San Isaac. Ya se han quitado los andamios de la iglesia y se celebran los oficios religiosos, pero las labores de restauración continúan. El emperador Alejandro 11, hijo de Nicolás I, empezó su reinado con una amnistía a los decembristas y otros desidentes. Su gobierno realizó una serie de reformas (campesinas y burguesas) que fomentaron la economía y el desarrollo del capitalismo. Desde principios de los años 60 en el país empezó a crecer el descontento, al cual el gobierno respondió con represiones. Entre 1866 y 1881 los revolucionarios perpetraron varios atentados contra el emperador. En 1881 Alejandro 11 fue mortalmente herido por una bomba lanzada por I. Grinevitski, miembro de « Naródnaia Volía>>. El emperador fue trasladado al palacio de Invierno, donde murió. Fue sepultado en la catedral de San Pedro y San Pablo.
El Salvador on the gore or the Church of the Resurrection of Christ was erected in 1883-1907 (architects Alfred I. Makarov Parland) as a temple - monument at the site where the March 1, 1881 was mortally wounded Emperor Alexander II.
The assassination was perpetrated by a terrorist group nihilist (Russian anarchist) "Naródnaina Volia>>" (People's Will ").
The building is styled in the spirit of Russian architecture from the XVI-XVII, in particular, are widely used procedures Mantle Moscow Cathedral of the Virgin (St Basil Blessed tempo). Its form is complicated and very picturesque. The ornate multicolored alive. is reflected beautifully in the canal Griboedova. The facades are covered with glazed bricks, tiles and tiles. The ornate interior is used Italian marble and semiprecious stones, various types of coasters. The facades and interiors have an impressive set of mosaics, made from 1895 in the workshop of the brothers Frolov based on original works of painters V. Vasnetsov, M. Nesterov. M. Vrubel, A. Riábushkin and others.
In the 1930's in the temple had an exhibition dedicated to the organization "Narodnaya Volia> in the 70's the building was given to the" Memorial museum "St. Isaac's Cathedral. You have removed the scaffolding of the church and religious services are held, but restoration work continues. The Emperor Alexander 11, son of Nicholas I, began his reign with an amnesty to the Decembrists and other dissident. His government held a series of reforms (peasant and bourgeois) that promoted the economy and the development of capitalism. Since the early 60's in the country started growing discontent, which the government responded with repression. Between 1866 and 1881 several attacks perpetrated by the revolutionaries against the Emperor. 11 In 1881 Alexander was mortally wounded by a bomb dropped by I. Grinevitski, a member of "Narodnaya Volya>>. The emperor was moved to the Winter Palace, where he died. He was buried in the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul.