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(McAllen, Texas, December 18, 2025) Mexico Agrees to Meet Water Treaty Obligations for Farmers in the American Southwest. On December 12, 2025, the United States and Mexico reached an understanding to meet the current water obligations of American farmers and ranchers and for Mexico to repay the water deficit in Texas as part of the 1944 Water Treaty. This agreement extends to the current cycle and the previous cycle’s water deficit. For more information, see www.usda.gov/about-usda/news/press-releases/2025/12/12/me...
The Rio Grande is the lifeline of South Texas agriculture, and its flow is shaped by an international agreement—the 1944 Mexico Water Treaty. This treaty ensures that water from six Mexican tributaries is shared between Mexico and the United States. The U.S. receives one-third of the natural flows, while Mexico retains two-thirds. Mexico must order the release of their share in specified amounts. In this case Mexico has agreed to release 202,000-acre feet of water to the United States with deliveries expected to begin the week of December 15, 2025. The US/Mexico water is stored in two major international reservoirs: Amistad Dam near Del Rio and Falcon Dam near Zapata. Amistad holds most of the water because its depth reduces evaporation. When irrigation districts downstream need water, the Rio Grande Watermaster orders releases from Falcon Dam. For Edcouch, Texas, water takes about a few days to travel from Falcon. As the water flows down the Rio Grande, some is diverted by the Hidalgo County Irrigation District No. 2 pumping station, which serves McAllen and surrounding areas. The pump station uses up to ten 400 horsepower pumps to take up water in submerged 42-inch uptake pipes, lifts it 32 feet, when the flow is measured as it is discharged at a capacity of up to 680 cubic feet per second into a main canal. This process ensures that every drop is accounted for—meeting agricultural needs while minimizing freshwater loss to the Gulf of Mexico.
Today, two pumps provide the flow needed by the system. Water will flow in the primary delivery canal for a short distance into a nearby settling pond to help clarify the water before continuing into a main conveyance channel that leads north, through McAllen, Texas. Smaller channels or pipelines will branch off to municipal and irrigation water districts such as the Delta Lake Irrigation District and it’s Delta Lake Reservoir, with the capacity of 10,669 acre-feet of water and a surface area of 2,371 acres. Delta Lake Irrigation District currently serves 69,500 acres and diverts municipal water to the City of Raymondville, La Sara, Monte Alto and the City of Lyford. Their irrigation canals flow to the farms where growers such as the Edinburg Citrus Association then use their pump houses to draw the water and distribute it to their fields using pressurized pipelines for drip irrigation systems that deliver life-giving water to the grapefruit orchards. Their micro-irrigation tubes/tapes deliver a slow flow to the base of each tree to increase absorption into the soil, reduce evaporation, runoff and unwanted growth between the rows and other benefits.
The organization that diverts water from the Rio Grande for irrigation and municipal use in Texas is managed under the Rio Grande Watermaster Program, which operates under the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ). The Rio Grande Watermaster Program is a system managed by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) that oversees and regulates the use of water from the Rio Grande in Texas. Its main job is to make sure water is distributed fairly and according to legal water rights. The Watermaster calculates how much water is needed by farmers, cities, and industries, then orders releases from reservoirs like Falcon Dam and Amistad Dam. It also tracks water as it flows down the river to ensure that every drop goes to the correct user and that as little as possible is wasted or flows into the Gulf.
In 1932, a group of South Texas citrus growers came together to form the Edinburg Citrus Association (ECA), a non-profit co-op. The goal of the group is to maintain the highest quality pack and provide customers a highly marketable product at a competitive price.
USDA Media by Lance Cheung.
Students find a wealth of inspiration for their Plan of Concentration in the local landscape, such as this field study of the impact of ice storms on forest ecology.
Danboard Boxes Robot Spirits Ice cream Hand Understanding www.hdwallpaperslife.com/danboard-boxes-robot-spirits-ice...
Understanding Seasons Conference. with Apostle Dr. Paul M Gitwaza at Gospel Restoration Church Abilene Texas United States
Cape Town, South Africa. July 2012.
South Africa hosted the second global Understanding Risk (UR) Forum in Cape Town from July 2-6, 2012. The Forum convened more than 500 thought leaders and decision-makers from 86 countries to exchange knowledge and share best practice in disaster risk assessment.
Photo: World Bank
It’s worth recalling that in December 2016, the Commissioner for Human Resources Science and Technology, H.E. Dr Martial De Paul Ikounga signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Secretary-General of the Association of African Universities (AAU), Professor Etienne Ehouan Ehile.
AAU is the voice of higher education in Africa and has been a lead agency in implementing the continental vision since its founding under the OAU. The African Union Agenda 2063 calls for an education and skills revolution to meet the human resource needs for actualising Africa’s social-economic development. As such, the African university occupies a strategic role in ensuring that our education systems are oriented towards promoting innovation, critical thinking, pan Africanism and entrepreneurial orientations while addressing Africa’s challenges and optimising on its opportunities.
The partnership between the AUC and the AAU over the last decade has witnessed the strengthening of the African higher education space through the promotion of intra-African academic mobility, harmonisation of qualifications for mutual recognition across the Member States; and promotion of a culture of continuous quality improvement through the AU’s African Quality Rating Mechanism.
The AAU has been able to mobilise African academia to appropriate the continental vision of Agenda 2063, and it has helped to build accountable leadership and quality in research and scholarship
GOAL: To increase engagements between the AAU and North America and the Diaspora
Objectives
• Mobilize funds for the advancement of Higher Education in Africa.
• Promote and develop relations between the African Academic Diaspora and African Higher Education Institutions (HEI).
• Promote sister university collaborations
• Promote and develop research and education networks among African Higher Education Institutions and their North American counterparts
• Promote corporate and non-profit America to support African Higher Education Institutions
• Sensitize potential development partners to the education needs of African HEIs
• Promote student and staff exchange
• Promote a role for Higher Education in US-Africa relations
• Develop and implement comprehensive international Initiatives for senior leadership at public research universities to facilitate seamless integration of international dimensions into the learning, discovery and engagement missions of our AAU institutions.
• Foster the development of globally competent students, internationally engaged faculty, and institutions capable of addressing global challenges.
• Identify critical issues, gather information, and create opportunities for AAU members to discuss challenges and share knowledge with their NA counterparts.
• Serve as the leading advocate for advancing the broad interests of the AAU in NA
• Support the development of innovative approaches and solutions to African Higher Education
Common in Europe for many years, wall hung toilets are not a standard bathroom specification in North America. Two common misunderstandings about the wall hu…
See more about Understanding Wall Hung China Toilets
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A licensed roofer demonstrates compliance with industry standards and assures customers that the person or company they hire has the necessary skills and qualifications to perform the job effectively and meet all legal and safety requirements. Licensing in the roofing industry refers to obtaining a formal authorization or certification that allows individuals or companies to provide roofing services legally. This license proves that the person or organization has met specific requirements, such as completing necessary training, passing exams, and demonstrating the knowledge and skills required to ensure the safety and quality of roofing work. By obtaining a roofing license, individuals can demonstrate their expertise and commitment to the industry, gaining a competitive advantage in the market. A roofing license also assures customers that the person or company they hire has the necessary skills and qualifications to perform the job effectively and meet all legal and safety requirements. Licensing in the roofing industry contributes to protecting the interests of both customers and legitimate roofing professionals, ensuring that only qualified individuals or organizations operate in the field.
Licensing Requirements for Roofing Contractors
Becoming a licensed roofing contractor is an essential step for professionals in the roofing industry. From meeting specific educational and training requirements to obtaining a roofing license, fulfilling the necessary paperwork, and passing exams, becoming licensed offers numerous advantages and benefits for roofing contractors. Whether you are just starting your career in the roofing industry or looking to enhance your professional credibility and expand your business opportunities, understanding the licensing requirements is crucial for success. A roofing license signifies that you are a reputable roofing contractor, demonstrating your commitment to professionalism and adherence to industry standards. This credential enhances your marketability and ensures that you have undergone proper roofing training and hold a contractor license, distinguishing you from unlicensed contractors.
Examination and Certification Processes
The examination and certification processes for obtaining a roofing license are crucial steps for individuals interested in the roofing industry. To begin, aspiring roofers must first register for the prelicensing exam and get the necessary study materials to prepare for the test, which may include the trade exam and remodeler exam. The examination typically consists of multiple-choice questions that assess knowledge and skills related to roofing practices, types of roofs, and bond requirements. Individuals must meet the designated passing criteria for the licensing examination, including achieving a particular score or demonstrating proficiency in prerequisite experience and specific areas. Certification is essential to validate one's knowledge and skills in the roofing industry, as it provides credibility and reassurance to clients and employers. By obtaining a roofing license through the examination and certification processes, individuals can enhance their professional reputation and gain a competitive edge in the field.
Renewal and Compliance Obligations
Renewal and compliance obligations are essential for maintaining a roofing license. It is crucial to understand the specific requirements and procedures that must be followed to fulfill these obligations. Timely renewal of licenses, certifications, and permits, including the licensing process and certification examination, is necessary to ensure that one continues to operate legally in the roofing industry. Failure to renew these credentials on time can result in penalties or even the suspension of the license. Additionally, it is vital to comply with applicable laws and regulations governing the roofing industry, building construction, and adequate roofing insurance. This includes adhering to safety regulations, building codes, and other legal requirements relevant to customers, residential or commercial projects, and construction contractors. By staying in compliance, reputable roofers and roofer-specific license holders can demonstrate their commitment to quality work and the safety of their clients and employees while avoiding additional costs.
Benefits of Hiring a Licensed Roofing Company
When hiring a roofing company for your home or business, there are numerous benefits to choosing a licensed contractor. A roofing license demonstrates that the contractor has met the requirements for roofers and the qualifications to perform roofing work, including registration for roofers and a separate license. Still, it also provides assurance and peace of mind for the homeowner and the contractor. Hiring a licensed roofing company ensures that you work with reputable roofers with the knowledge and expertise to complete the job safely and effectively. In addition, licensed contractors are more likely to carry proper insurance coverage, protecting you from any potential liability in case of accidents or damages. Furthermore, licensed roofing companies are typically held to higher standards and regulations, ensuring they adhere to the industry's best practices and codes. By hiring a licensed roofing company, you can trust that your roofing project will be handled professionally, efficiently, and with the utmost quality, providing long-lasting protection for your property.
Enhanced Quality Assurance
Hiring a licensed roofing company significantly enhances quality assurance for homeowners and businesses. When you choose a licensed professional in the roofing industry, whether residential roofing contractors or commercial roofing contractors for larger roofing projects or roofing jobs, you can expect several benefits; firstly, their quality is of superior quality, ensuring that your roof is durable and long-lasting. Additionally, licensed roofers strictly adhere to safety standards, minimizing the risk of accidents and injuries during roofing. These professionals are also well-versed in regulatory compliance, guaranteeing that all necessary permits and inspections are in place. Lastly, choosing licensed roofers with supervisory work experience provides consumer protection, as they must follow ethical business practices and provide warranties for their work. In conclusion, opting for certified professionals in the roofing industry brings numerous advantages, including enhanced quality, adherence to safety standards, regulatory compliance, and consumer protection.
Compliance with Building Codes
Compliance with building codes is paramount when considering the advantages of hiring a licensed roofing company. Licensed roofers are critical in ensuring adherence to local regulations, including fire safety regulations, structural requirements, electrical codes, plumbing codes, and accessibility standards. By following these building codes, residential contractors and commercial property owners benefit from enhanced safety, quality, and legal compliance in roofing projects. Licensed roofers also protect against issues with unlicensed contractors, ensuring that the roofing project meets all requirements set by the board of licensing contractors. This not only safeguards the well-being of the occupants but also prevents potential costly legal issues. Therefore, obtaining a roofing license and certification for roofing is essential for individuals interested in pursuing a career in the roofing industry to guarantee compliance with building codes and provide customers with peace of mind.
How to Verify a Roofing Contractor's License
Verifying a roofing contractor's license is crucial when hiring them to ensure their qualifications and competency. By confirming the legitimacy of their license, property owners can have peace of mind knowing they are working with a professional who meets the requirements and has the expertise to perform the job effectively and safely.
1. Research Requirements:
Before verifying a roofing contractor's license, it is essential first to understand the licensing requirements in your specific jurisdiction. Different states or countries may have varying regulations and qualifications for roofing contractors. By familiarizing yourself with these requirements, you can ensure that you seek the appropriate license and certifications.
2. Check License Documentation:
Once you have identified the necessary licensing requirements, the next step is to ask the roofing contractor for their license documentation. This documentation may include their license number, which can be used to verify their license's validity.
3. Contact the Licensing Authority:
To verify a roofing contractor's license, it is crucial to contact the licensing authority responsible for issuing and regulating permits in your area. This authority will be able to confirm the contractor's license status, including its validity, expiration date, and any disciplinary actions against the contractor.
4. Review Insurance Coverage:
In addition to verifying the license, reviewing the roofing contractor's insurance coverage is essential. A reliable contractor should have general liability insurance and worker's compensation insurance to protect against potential accidents or damages during the project.
5. Seek References and Reviews:
Lastly, seeking references and reviews from past clients is always a good idea. This can provide valuable insights into the roofing contractor's previous work, professionalism, and overall customer satisfaction.
By following these steps to verify a roofing contractor's license, property owners can ensure they are hiring a skilled and qualified professional to handle their roofing project. This additional diligence will help protect their investment and provide them with peace of mind throughout the process.
Understanding License Types and Requirements
Understanding License Types and Requirements is essential when hiring a roofing contractor. There are various types of licenses for roofers available, each with its specific application requirements. These include experience, exam passing, and meeting specific educational criteria. Consumers should follow a step-by-step guide to verify a roofing contractor's license. This may involve application processing, contacting the appropriate licensing board, checking for complaints or disciplinary actions, confirming the license is active and in good standing, and requesting proof of insurance. Hiring licensed professionals is essential to ensure the contractor has completed the application process and met the necessary qualifications to perform the job safely and effectively. Additionally, complying with local regulations is crucial to avoid fines or legal issues.
By understanding license types and requirements and hiring licensed professionals, consumers can make informed decisions and protect their investments.
Red Flags to Watch for During License Verification
When verifying a roofing license, one must be aware of certain red flags that may indicate potential issues. These red flags include expired licenses, which could imply that the qualified roofer no longer complies with state regulations. Disciplinary actions and revoked licenses are warning signs suggesting that the licensee has violated rules or engaged in unprofessional conduct. Fraudulent documents related to roof installation are another red flag, as they indicate dishonesty or deception. Additionally, unresolved property damage claims against the licensee raise concerns about their performance or customer satisfaction. These red flags should be carefully considered during the license verification process to ensure that a residential property roofing professional is legitimate and trustworthy.
Importance of Choosing a Licensed Roofer
Choosing a roofer license is of utmost importance for roofing projects. A licensed roofer ensures that the job is performed by professional contractors professionally and competently, providing peace of mind to homeowners. Hiring an unlicensed roofer can result in subpar artistry and potential legal issues. From ensuring decades of protection and compliance with building codes to accessing insurance coverage and warranties, being licensed in the residential specialty contractors' roofing industry offers numerous advantages.
Ensuring Quality Workmanship and Professionalism
Ensuring quality artistry and professionalism in roofing requires following certain best practices. Attention to detail is crucial, as it ensures that every aspect of the roofing project is carefully executed. Adhering to industry standards is also essential, as it guarantees that the work meets the required level of quality and safety. Regular training is necessary for keeping up-to-date with new techniques and technologies, enabling roofers to deliver their best work. Continuous communication with clients, suppliers, and team members is critical for a smooth and efficient workflow. It allows any concerns, changes, or updates to be addressed promptly. Frequent inspections throughout the project ensure that any issues or mistakes are identified and resolved promptly, ensuring the overall quality of the work. By following these steps and best practices, roofing professionals can maintain and improve the quality of their work, enhancing their reputation and customer satisfaction.
Protection Against Liability and Risk
Obtaining a roofing license is crucial in protecting against liability and mitigating risk when selecting a potential roofing contractor. By requiring physical copies of a permit, authorities ensure that roofers meet the necessary standards and regulations to operate in the residential building contractors industry, reducing the chances of subpar artistry or safety hazards. Hiring a licensed roofer gives consumers peace of mind, knowing that their contractor has proof of completion, has undergone rigorous training, and possesses the required expertise. In case of disputes or unforeseen issues, licensed roofers offer legal advice, as consumers can file complaints or seek compensation through the contractor licensing board. This protects consumers from potential financial losses and holds the roofer accountable for any negligence or damages, maintaining public confidence in reputable companies.
Learn more about licensed roofing and the services we offer at Sky Roofing Construction & Remodeling: skyroofingconstructiontx.com/licensed/
we are conducting a study in Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu to assess the impact of Save the Children Project on resilience building of communities on time and money spent in accessing Social Protection schemes.
In pictures, Association for Stimulating Know how (ASK) team is in Dungarpur District, #Rajasthan, interviewing and understanding from community members the time and money spent by them on applying for a scheme and receiving scheme benefits.
Science Understanding Your Environment
Written by George G. Mallinson and more
Illustrated by Photographic illustrations
Silver-Burdett Company, 1972
176 Pp
Hardcover
A great vintage textbook with wonderful photos of '70s children.
Ceremonia Inaugural
Participa Secretario General, Presidente de Costa Rica y la Representante del BM para CA.
Del 12 al 14 de febrero Costa Rica es anfitrión del Understanding Risk Centroamérica, una conferencia donde cerca de 500 expertos internacionales se reúnen para conversar sobre prácticas e innovaciones para la compresión del riesgo de desastres y el riesgo climático en Centroamérica.
En la actividad que se desarrolla en el Centro de Convenciones de Costa Rica participan expertos, organizaciones, e instituciones académicas, quienes buscarán construir alianzas estratégicas para pasar de la comprensión del riesgo a la acción en resiliencia ante desastres.
Asimismo, se abordarán diversos temas en materia de inclusión social, compromiso comunitario, patrimonio cultural, resiliencia costera, servicios meteorológicos, climáticos e hidrológicos, resiliencia fiscal y financiera, urbanismo, análisis de riesgos y comunicación del riesgo.
En la inauguración este miércoles participaron Carlos Alvarado, presidente de la República; Vinicio Cerezo, secretario general del Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana (SICA); Seynabou Sakho, directora del Banco Mundial para Centroamérica; investigadores de la NASA como Sandra Cauffman y Daniel E. Irwin, y el gerente país de Waze para Colombia, Perú y Centroamérica, entre otros invitados.
#SICA #ElSalvador #CostaRica #Nicaragua #RepublicaDominicana #Belize #Honduras #Panama #Guatemala
Tin Tabernacle to training ship
At the outbreak of WWII the members of the religious community that had been occupying Cambridge Hall dispersed and the building closed. This marked the end of the Tin Tabernacle as a place of worship. There’s a local understanding that the building was used as an ARP (Air Raid Precautions) centre during the war and a legend that surplus gas masks and tin helmets were cemented into the concrete foundations of the Bofors Gun when
it was installed in the 1960’s. Though we’ve not yet located any records to confirm this, it would not be unusual for a building of this size to have been employed for such a purpose over this period.
By the beginning of 1943 the lessees of Cambridge Hall, Mr Reuben Jackson and Mr Ernest Bray, were in negotiations with the YMCA about disposal of the lease to them. This was approved by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners and a new
lease to the YMCA to use the Hall, for the religious, mental or physical training of the youth of both sexes, was signed in July of that year. Though the building was in fact never used by them.
In 1948 the lease was assigned to the Willesden Sea Cadets Unit. They renamed the building the Lord Lloyd Memorial Hall, after Lord Lloyd Dolobran, a politician with links to T.E. Lawrence, who became president of the Navy League (precursor of the Sea Cadets) in 1930 and passed away in 1941.
It was the practice of Sea Cadet units to fit out their halls to represent a naval ship and name it after a decommissioned vessel; in this instance it became the TS Bicester (Training Ship). The example here is an unusually elaborate and complete example of this practice. It is understood from the current Unit Committee that this was due to the extraordinary vision and creative zeal of past unit members Freddie Nunn and Doug Greathurst, who saw the potential of this large iron structure to house a detailed replica ship.
TS Bicester
The creation of the TS Bicester took place from the 1950’s and continued through the 1960’s. The subdivisions of the ground floor were constructed from steel sheeting said to have been recycled from Leyland bus panels and provided a series of small training and ancillary spaces. The bridge housed the
wheel, communications tube and facsimile engine controls; a selection of naval maps was also amassed.
The 2 guns, the Oerlikon 20mm Cannon and the Bofors 40mm anti-aircraft gun, were installed at some point during the 1960’s. A 1964 photograph of the Sea Cadet Unit indicates that they arrived after this date and it’s possible that this is inked to the winding down of the Civil Defence Corps. 1964 was also the year that the film Becket, starring Richard Burton and Peter O’Toole, was released. It’s not clear exactly when or why, but parts of the set were removed from Shepperton Studios in Surrey to
create a ship’s chapel, with authentic Oscar winning altar and stained glass.
The Tin Tabernacle Today
Little has changed since the TS Bicester was completed. The naval collections were added to and a small extension to house toilets and a new office behind the Bridge were constructed at
unknown dates. But the building, as a complete replica naval ship, has been maintained by the Willesden Sea Cadets committee through to the present day.
Though the condition of the building has meant that the Sea Cadets are, at present, not able to operate here, they retain a strong connection to it. In more recent years, the building has
had a broader community function, hosting a range of events such as cinema evenings and a folk club. In 2012 it hosted an art installation by Lindsay Seers and organised by Artangel and
has been used by other groups as a rehearsal space because of the fantastic acoustics.
Theme: Understanding, Living, and Sharing Islam
April 22 – 24, 2011
Westin O’Hare Hotel
6100 N. River Road, Rosemont, IL 60018
Won’t stream YouTube etc…
see a verbose description of the Apple TV 64-128GB (Third Generation) on Google Docs..
docs.google.com/document/u/0/d/12my6sV8hYyeGAbvCxjAE0zND_...
From Gemini Deep Research
Understanding Memory Usage in the Apple 2022 Apple TV 4K (3rd Generation) with 64GB StorageI. IntroductionThe Apple 2022 Apple TV 4K (3rd Generation) represents a significant iteration in the realm of streaming media devices, offering enhanced processing power and advanced features designed to elevate the home entertainment experience. A crucial aspect of its functionality is the internal storage, which, in the Wi-Fi model under examination, amounts to 64GB.1 While primarily designed for streaming content, this storage capacity plays a vital role in the device's overall operation, influencing its ability to run applications, manage data, and maintain optimal performance. This report aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of how the 64GB internal storage is utilized within this specific Apple TV model, delving into the operating system's storage management strategies, the types of data stored, caching mechanisms, user management capabilities, and the ultimate impact of this storage capacity on the device's functionality. The existence of both 64GB and 128GB models 1 suggests that storage capacity is a deliberate design consideration by Apple, likely catering to different user profiles and usage demands. The distinction between these models implies that the 64GB variant might present certain trade-offs or limitations compared to its higher-capacity counterpart, which will be explored throughout this analysis.II. tvOS and Core System StorageThe Apple TV 4K (3rd Generation) operates on tvOS, Apple's dedicated operating system for its television platform.5 While a third-party retailer listing incorrectly identifies the operating system as "Apple iOS" 5, Apple's official documentation confirms the use of tvOS.6 A significant portion of the 64GB internal storage is inherently allocated to the tvOS itself, encompassing the foundational software and essential system files necessary for the device to initiate its processes, execute its functions, and manage its core operations.7 These fundamental files include the operating system kernel, core system libraries, and various pre-installed applications that provide baseline functionality. Furthermore, the process of updating tvOS also necessitates the temporary storage of update files on the internal memory before and during the installation procedure.7 This temporary storage requirement ensures a smooth and reliable update process. While the exact quantum of storage consumed by the base tvOS installation and its associated system files is not explicitly detailed within the provided research materials, it is an undeniable and necessary component of the device's overall storage utilization. User discussions have indicated that the storage consumed by the system can sometimes be substantial, leading to situations where the reported usable storage appears less than expected.10 This observation underscores the fact that the advertised 64GB capacity represents the total available NAND flash memory, and a portion of this will always be occupied by the pre-installed software infrastructure, thereby reducing the storage available for user-installed applications and personal data.III. Application and Game Storage ManagementBeyond the storage reserved for the core operating system, the primary allocation of the remaining internal memory in the Apple TV 4K (3rd Generation) is dedicated to the storage of applications and games downloaded from the Apple TV App Store.5 As highlighted by a retailer's specification page, the device offers "64GB of Storage Options for Apps and Games".19 The digital footprint of these applications and games can exhibit considerable variability, with certain games, particularly those available through Apple Arcade, potentially demanding several gigabytes of storage space.14 To optimize storage usage, tvOS incorporates a feature known as "Offload Unused Apps".13 This automated mechanism intelligently identifies and removes applications that have not been accessed recently, thereby freeing up valuable storage space while crucially preserving the associated user data.13 Should a user wish to utilize an offloaded application in the future, it can be readily redownloaded from the App Store, and the previously stored data will be restored, provided the app remains available.13 This feature provides an automated approach to managing storage, reducing the need for manual intervention. In addition to this automated offloading, users retain the ability to exercise direct control over their storage by manually deleting applications that are no longer required.9 This can be accomplished through the "Manage Storage" option accessible within the Settings menu. Deleting an application permanently removes both the application itself and all of its corresponding data 13, offering a more definitive method for reclaiming storage space.IV. Caching Mechanisms on Apple TVThe internal storage of the Apple TV 4K (3rd Generation) also serves as a repository for various types of cached content, which plays a role in enhancing the user experience.Streaming MediaThe device may employ caching to store segments of streamed movies, television shows, or music.9 This temporary storage can contribute to smoother playback and mitigate buffering issues, particularly in scenarios where internet connectivity might be intermittent.9 While some sources suggest that larger storage capacities could potentially accommodate more cached streaming content 15, the process is largely managed automatically by the system without direct user intervention.14 This lack of user control over streaming media caching has been a point of frustration for some users encountering storage limitations.10Temporary FilesApplications running on the Apple TV may also utilize the internal storage to store temporary files and data necessary for their operation.7 These files, which can include items like thumbnails, user preferences, and runtime data, are typically managed by the individual applications and the operating system itself. tvOS is designed to automatically remove these temporary files when storage space becomes constrained.7ScreensaversA notable consumer of storage space on the Apple TV is the collection of downloaded Aerial screensavers, particularly when viewed in high-resolution 4K.9 tvOS has the capability to automatically download new screensavers over time 12, which can progressively consume a significant portion of the available storage. Users are provided with some degree of control over this by being able to adjust the download frequency of these screensavers 9, allowing them to manage the potential storage impact to a certain extent. However, the inability to selectively delete individual screensavers limits the user's ability to precisely manage the storage they consume.12The automatic and often opaque nature of caching on the Apple TV can lead to situations where users find their storage being utilized in ways they do not fully understand.10 While designed to enhance performance and user experience, the limited transparency and control over these processes can be a source of difficulty when managing the finite storage capacity of the device. Furthermore, the concept of "purgeable" data within tvOS suggests an ability to reclaim storage used for temporary files when needed. However, user reports of substantial unexplained storage usage raise questions about the consistent effectiveness of this automatic purging mechanism.7V. User Data and Media Storage CapabilitiesThe Apple TV 4K (3rd Generation) is primarily engineered as a streaming device, and consequently, its internal storage has limitations when it comes to storing personal media files such as downloaded movies, TV shows, or music.8 Discussions within Apple's support forums explicitly state that the device is not intended for saving movies for offline playback.8 While certain third-party applications, such as VLC, might offer a degree of functionality for sideloading and temporarily storing media files locally 16, this is not the device's primary function, and the operating system may automatically remove these files when storage space becomes scarce.16 User experiences have indicated that media stored in this manner can disappear without warning, highlighting the unreliability of using the Apple TV's internal storage for permanent media archiving.16 Users can access their iCloud Photos library through the dedicated Photos application on the Apple TV.9 However, this access typically involves streaming or caching recently viewed content rather than a full local storage of the entire photo library. The Apple TV functions as a display interface for cloud-based media rather than a storage solution for it. This design emphasizes the Apple TV's role as a central hub for accessing content from online services and connected devices, aligning with the broader ecosystem strategy that favors cloud-based storage and on-demand streaming over extensive local media storage on client devices. The ephemeral nature of local storage for user-added media, even through third-party applications, underscores the intended usage model of the Apple TV.VI. Storage Management Options for UsersUsers of the Apple TV 4K (3rd Generation) have several avenues available to manage the device's internal storage.Checking Storage UsageThe primary method for users to ascertain their storage consumption is by navigating to Settings > General > Usage > Manage Storage.9 This section presents a list of installed applications along with the amount of storage each one is utilizing. It is important to note, however, that the storage information presented here might not always provide a complete picture of the total used space, as system files and various forms of cached data might not be comprehensively accounted for within this view.7 For a more detailed analysis of storage allocation, users can turn to third-party applications available on the App Store, such as "TV Info" 7 and others like "Storage Analysis" or "Space Free" 29, which can offer a more granular breakdown of storage usage, potentially including system data and cached files.Deleting AppsTo reclaim storage space occupied by unwanted applications, users can manually delete them by navigating to Settings > General > Usage > Manage Storage, selecting the specific application, and choosing the Delete option.13 This action will permanently remove the selected application and all associated data from the device.Offloading AppsA less drastic measure for managing storage is the option to offload unused applications. This can be found under Settings > Apps > Offload Unused Apps.13 When enabled, tvOS will automatically remove applications that have not been used recently but will retain their associated data. This allows users to easily reinstall the application at a later time and resume their previous activity.Managing Screensaver DownloadsUsers can control the storage impact of Aerial screensavers by adjusting their download frequency. This setting can be found under Settings > Screensaver > Aerials > Download Frequency.9 Setting this to "Never" will prevent the automatic download of new screensavers, thus conserving storage space.Restarting the Apple TVPerforming a restart of the Apple TV can sometimes be beneficial in clearing temporary cached files and addressing storage-related performance issues.22 This can typically be done through the Settings > System > Restart menu or simply by disconnecting and reconnecting the power cord.Resetting the Apple TVAs a last resort for reclaiming storage or resolving persistent storage-related problems, users can perform a factory reset of their Apple TV. This option is located under Settings > System > Reset.9 It is crucial to understand that this action will erase all data on the device and restore it to its original factory settings.The discrepancy often observed between the storage usage reported by the native tvOS tools and third-party applications highlights a potential limitation in Apple's built-in storage management interface.7 This lack of comprehensive and transparent reporting can impede users' ability to effectively manage their storage. While users have some degree of control over applications and screensavers, the limited options for directly managing system caches and other temporary files underscore the operating system's emphasis on automated management.22 This approach, while simplifying the user experience for many, might not always align with the needs of users who desire more granular control over their device's storage.VII. Storage Expansion PossibilitiesCurrently, there is no official method to expand the internal storage of the Apple TV 4K (3rd Generation).35 Neither external hard drives nor memory cards are supported for this purpose. The USB-C port located on the Siri Remote is solely intended for charging the remote's battery.1 Similarly, the USB-C port on the Apple TV device itself does not support external storage devices.35 For users who require access to extensive libraries of media content, network-attached storage (NAS) devices or media server software solutions like Plex or Infuse offer a viable alternative.26 These solutions enable users to stream their media content to the Apple TV over their home network, effectively negating the need for large amounts of local storage on the Apple TV itself for media files. Apple's iCloud+ service provides cloud storage for photos and other types of data 37, but it does not function as an extension of the Apple TV's local storage for applications or system files. The absence of expandable storage reinforces the Apple TV's core design as a streaming-centric device. Users who anticipate needing more storage for a large number of applications or for potential local media caching (where supported by third-party apps) should consider opting for the 128GB model at the time of purchase.VIII. Impact of 64GB Storage on Performance and FunctionalityThe 64GB storage capacity of the Apple TV 4K (3rd Generation) can have implications for the device's performance and overall functionality in several key areas.App Installation LimitsThe available 64GB of storage will inherently impose a limit on the number of applications and, more significantly, large games that can be installed concurrently.5 Users who actively engage with a wide array of applications or who frequently download and play large games from services like Apple Arcade might encounter storage limitations more readily and may need to manage their installed applications more frequently, potentially uninstalling older or less-used apps to accommodate new ones.Caching and ResponsivenessThe capacity of the internal storage can influence the device's ability to cache frequently accessed content. While some argue that a larger storage capacity allows for more extensive caching, potentially leading to improved responsiveness, especially in situations with limited internet bandwidth 15, others contend that the primary driver of the Apple TV's responsiveness is its powerful A15 Bionic chip.6 If the available storage becomes critically low, it could potentially have a negative impact on buffering during streaming or the performance of applications 16 as the system might struggle to efficiently manage temporary files and cached data.Software UpdatesA device with a near-full storage capacity might encounter challenges when attempting to download and install tvOS software updates.9 The update process typically requires a certain amount of temporary storage space for the download and installation files. Insufficient free space could potentially prevent the update from proceeding, necessitating the user to free up storage by removing applications or other content.MultitaskingWhile the performance of multitasking is more directly correlated with the device's Random Access Memory (RAM) – which is reported to be 4GB for this model 38 – insufficient storage space could indirectly affect the system's ability to manage temporary data associated with running multiple applications in the background or rapidly switching between them. A lack of available storage might lead to more frequent reloading of applications, which could slightly impact the overall user experience.For users whose primary use case involves streaming content and utilizing a moderate number of commonly used applications, the 64GB storage capacity is likely to be adequate. However, individuals who identify as heavy gamers or those who maintain an extensive library of applications might find the 128GB model to be a more suitable option, potentially mitigating the need for frequent storage management.5 While a larger storage capacity can theoretically facilitate more extensive caching, the practical benefits of this for improving streaming performance are not definitively established and are likely heavily influenced by the quality and stability of the user's internet connection, as well as the efficiency of tvOS's caching algorithms. The presence of the A15 Bionic chip in the 3rd generation Apple TV 4K is a more significant factor contributing to the device's overall responsiveness and smooth operation for the majority of tasks.6IX. ConclusionIn summary, the 64GB internal storage of the Apple 2022 Apple TV 4K (3rd Generation) serves as the foundation for storing the tvOS operating system, downloaded applications and games from the App Store, various forms of cached data including streaming media and screensavers, and temporary files necessary for system and application operation. While the device is primarily designed for streaming content, the local storage plays a crucial role in enabling its diverse functionalities. There are limitations regarding the storage of personal media files directly on the device, and users seeking to access large media libraries will need to rely on network streaming solutions. Furthermore, the internal storage is not user-expandable, making the initial storage selection important based on individual usage patterns. For typical users who primarily stream content and use a reasonable number of applications, the 64GB capacity is likely sufficient. However, users who intend to heavily engage with gaming or maintain a large number of installed applications might find the 128GB model a more appropriate choice to avoid frequent storage management. Ultimately, the Apple TV 4K (3rd Generation) strikes a balance between providing adequate local storage for its intended functions and prioritizing a seamless, streaming-centric user experience, leveraging its powerful processor to deliver smooth performance within the constraints of its storage capacity.Table 1: Apple TV 4K (3rd Generation) Storage Usage Breakdown (Estimated)
CategoryDescriptionPotential Storage UsageSource SnippetstvOS and System FilesSpace occupied by the operating system and essential system files.Unknown (Significant)7Installed Apps & GamesStorage used by downloaded applications and games from the App Store.Variable (User-Dependent)5Cached Streaming MediaTemporary storage for portions of streamed content (movies, TV shows, music).Variable (System-Managed)9Cached Temporary FilesData stored temporarily by apps for their operation.Variable (App-Dependent)7Cached ScreensaversStorage used by downloaded Aerial screensavers, especially in 4K resolution.Variable (User-Managed)9Other System DataMiscellaneous files, logs, and temporary data managed by the system.Variable (Small)7Total Usable StorageAdvertised capacity (64GB) minus storage used by the operating system and other non-user-removable files.< 64GB1Free StorageTotal Usable Storage minus storage used by installed apps, cached data, and other user-related content.Variable9
On January 17, 2018 Teaching for Change D.C. Area Educators for Social Justice hosted a special presentation for teachers from Ibram X. Kendi, author of "Stamped from the Beginning: The Definitive History of Racist Ideas in America." The DCPS Secondary Literacy Team and the Washington Teacher’s Union co-sponsored the event.
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With everyone fighting and pointing the finger at each other I find using my lense to speak is very theraputic to me.
I am fed up with it, its not fair on anyone. So i wonder if they'd go a day in each others shoes?
Yuanbo Liu from Percolate leads the Masterclass: Beyond 1.3 Billion: Understanding China and Social Media at Social Media Week New York, February 2014. INSIDER IMAGES/Keith Bedford
Jóvenes de Panamá ganan INCUBAR 2020: concurso regional del SICA y Banco Mundial
Propuestas relacionadas con reciclaje, inclusión, infraestructura, turismo y más.🌎🙌 Los 4 finalistas viajaron a Costa Rica del 12 al 14 de febrero, para participar en #URCentroamérica
-IncUbaR, son ideas de jóvenes para construir una Centroamérica más resiliente.
-Se convocó a jóvenes centroamericanos entre 18 y 35 años para presentar sus ideas o proyectos de negocios innovadoras enfocados en fortalecer la resiliencia ante los desastres y los efectos del cambio climático.
-Los 4 proyectos ganadores: Taller de Cine Documental_ Eco-bloque_ ECO SAM _ Guna Carbon Bank, participan en la conferencia Understanding Risk Centroamérica, en Costa Rica.
-El jurado calificador está conformado por: Seynabou Sakho, Directora para Centroamérica del Banco Mundial; Enrique Uribe; Olinda Salguero, Jefa de Gabinete; Rodrigo Cortés, Country Manager Waze Colombia, Perú y Centroamérica.
-Los criterios de evaluación fueron: • Visión e innovación en la propuesta que se plantea • Viabilidad de que la idea pueda ser puesta en práctica. • Presentación y poder de convencimiento del equipo • Potencial para contribuir a que se escuchen las voces de los jóvenes.
(McAllen, Texas, December 18, 2025) Mexico Agrees to Meet Water Treaty Obligations for Farmers in the American Southwest. On December 12, 2025, the United States and Mexico reached an understanding to meet the current water obligations of American farmers and ranchers and for Mexico to repay the water deficit in Texas as part of the 1944 Water Treaty. This agreement extends to the current cycle and the previous cycle’s water deficit. For more information, see www.usda.gov/about-usda/news/press-releases/2025/12/12/me...
The Rio Grande (on the right/south) is the lifeline of South Texas agriculture, and its flow is shaped by an international agreement—the 1944 Mexico Water Treaty. This treaty ensures that water from six Mexican tributaries is shared between Mexico and the United States. The U.S. receives one-third of the natural flows, while Mexico retains two-thirds. Mexico must order the release of their share in specified amounts. In this case Mexico has agreed to release 202,000-acre feet of water to the United States with deliveries expected to begin the week of December 15, 2025. The US/Mexico water is stored in two major international reservoirs: Amistad Dam near Del Rio and Falcon Dam near Zapata. Amistad holds most of the water because its depth reduces evaporation. When irrigation districts downstream need water, the Rio Grande Watermaster orders releases from Falcon Dam. For Edcouch, Texas, water takes about a few days to travel from Falcon. As the water flows down the Rio Grande, some is diverted by the Hidalgo County Irrigation District No. 2 pumping station (center), which serves McAllen and surrounding areas. The pump station uses up to ten 400 horsepower pumps to take up water in submerged 42-inch uptake pipes, lifts it 32 feet, when the flow is measured as it is discharged at a capacity of up to 680 cubic feet per second into a main canal. This process ensures that every drop is accounted for—meeting agricultural needs while minimizing freshwater loss to the gulf.
Today, two pumps provide the flow needed by the system. Water will flow in the primary delivery canal for a short distance into a nearby settling pond (left) to help clarify the water before continuing into a main conveyance channel that leads north, through McAllen, Texas. Smaller channels or pipelines will branch off to municipal and irrigation water districts such as the Delta Lake Irrigation District and it’s Delta Lake Reservoir, with the capacity of 10,669 acre-feet of water and a surface area of 2,371 acres. Delta Lake Irrigation District currently serves 69,500 acres and diverts municipal water to the City of Raymondville, La Sara, Monte Alto and the City of Lyford. Their irrigation canals flow to the farms where growers such as the Edinburg Citrus Association then use their pump houses to draw the water and distribute it to their fields using pressurized pipelines for drip irrigation systems that deliver life-giving water to the grapefruit orchards. Their micro-irrigation tubes/tapes deliver a slow flow to the base of each tree to increase absorption into the soil, reduce evaporation, runoff and unwanted growth between the rows and other benefits.
The organization that diverts water from the Rio Grande for irrigation and municipal use in Texas is managed under the Rio Grande Watermaster Program, which operates under the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ). The Rio Grande Watermaster Program is a system managed by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) that oversees and regulates the use of water from the Rio Grande in Texas. Its main job is to make sure water is distributed fairly and according to legal water rights. The Watermaster calculates how much water is needed by farmers, cities, and industries, then orders releases from reservoirs like Falcon Dam and Amistad Dam. It also tracks water as it flows down the river to ensure that every drop goes to the correct user and that as little as possible is wasted or flows into the gulf.
In 1932, a group of South Texas citrus growers came together to form the Edinburg Citrus Association (ECA), a non-profit co-op. The goal of the group is to maintain the highest quality pack and provide customers a highly marketable product at a competitive price.
Courtesy Media.
Ceremonia Inaugural
Participa Secretario General, Presidente de Costa Rica y la Representante del BM para CA.
Del 12 al 14 de febrero Costa Rica es anfitrión del Understanding Risk Centroamérica, una conferencia donde cerca de 500 expertos internacionales se reúnen para conversar sobre prácticas e innovaciones para la compresión del riesgo de desastres y el riesgo climático en Centroamérica.
En la actividad que se desarrolla en el Centro de Convenciones de Costa Rica participan expertos, organizaciones, e instituciones académicas, quienes buscarán construir alianzas estratégicas para pasar de la comprensión del riesgo a la acción en resiliencia ante desastres.
Asimismo, se abordarán diversos temas en materia de inclusión social, compromiso comunitario, patrimonio cultural, resiliencia costera, servicios meteorológicos, climáticos e hidrológicos, resiliencia fiscal y financiera, urbanismo, análisis de riesgos y comunicación del riesgo.
En la inauguración este miércoles participaron Carlos Alvarado, presidente de la República; Vinicio Cerezo, secretario general del Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana (SICA); Seynabou Sakho, directora del Banco Mundial para Centroamérica; investigadores de la NASA como Sandra Cauffman y Daniel E. Irwin, y el gerente país de Waze para Colombia, Perú y Centroamérica, entre otros invitados.
#SICA #ElSalvador #CostaRica #Nicaragua #RepublicaDominicana #Belize #Honduras #Panama #Guatemala
Hong Kong Culture | Modern Hong Kong History started in 1841.
Visit Hong Kong - one of the World‛s GREATEST and SAFEST Cities!
Hong Kong is blessed with some of the most amazing panoramic city views in the World today and even better 75% of the land area consists of country parks and wetlands plus we have 575+ named hills and peaks offering some great hiking trails and lots of very fine beaches and remote islands - in a nutshell, Hong Kong is full of surprises!
Victoria Peak, The Peak Tram, Victoria Harbour, The Big Buddha | Po Lin Monastery, Tai O Fishing Village, The iconic Star Ferry, The Ocean Terminal Deck, The iconic Street Tram on HK Island, TST Promenade, Cheung Chau Island, Peng Chau Island, Temple Street Night Market, The Ladies Market, Chi Lin Nunnery | Nan Lian Garden, Statue Square, The Sik Sik Yuen Wong Tai Sin Temple, Tsz Shan Monastery, Tai Kwun Centre, Hollywood Road, The Mid Levels Escalator, Aberdeen, Stanley, The West Kowloon Cultural Centre, Food Markets... the list goes on and on of cool and unusual places you should “visit or do” when you come to Hong Kong.
Book a Private Tour of Hong Kong to maximise your time here and gain an in depth understanding of this amazing city, in addition we have a great food culture and night life scene with some 15,000 - 20,000 Restaurants and Bars officially and unofficially and any and all visitors should take a private or group food tour in Hong Kong!
Hong Kong has one of the very best public transport systems in the world (MTR Subway and Buses + 18,163 Taxi‛s) they are cheap, reliable and easy to use.
Hong Kong - Some Facts - Population 7.5 Million people | 92% Ethnic Chinese | English is an Official Language along with Cantonese and Mandarin | 1,114 sq km or 430sq miles of diversity | 263 Islands | People | Street Scenes | Traffic Scenes | Nature Scenes | Animals | Buildings | Shopping | Gardens | The Countryside | Islands and the Ocean + Daily Life and anything interesting, all Districts, Hong Kong
☛.... and if you want to read about my personal views on Hong Kong, then go to my blog, link is shown below, I have lived in Hong Kong for over 50 years and completed 2,324 Private Tours of Hong Kong between 8th April 2011 and February 11th 2020
✚ www.j3consultantshongkong.com/j3c-blog
☛ Photography is simply a hobby for me, I do NOT sell my images and all of my images can be FREELY downloaded from this site in the original upload image size or 5 other sizes, please note that you DO NOT have to ask for permission to download and use any of my images!