View allAll Photos Tagged Subframing
Owners of the BMW 3 Series (E46 models) have been reporting cracks and damage in the rear subframe area of their vehicles. The issue was also common on the earlier 3 Series models and unfortunately, have reoccurred with the E46 from 1999-2006. This issue specifically appears in the rear mounting points of the subframe, which can tear out from their position in the sheet metal. This occurs as the rear differential transmits the torsional load from the engine through the subframe, and then, into the chassis of the vehicle. This constant abuse leads to fatigue in the metal, causing cracks and separation from the chassis.
The parts used for this repair includes:
Active Autowerke (www.activeautowerke.com):
• E46 Subframe / Rear Chassis Reinforcement Kit
Powerflex USA (powerflexusa.com):
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Front Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Rear Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Rear Mount - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Front Mount - Street
I didn't have the required allen key to tighten down the inner LCA bolts, so I used my bolts from my ASR/Benen combo and make it work. Overboard.....but who cares.
The crossmember didn't go down far enough; I had to push and pull and fight for every bit of extra space.
This is what a roadgoing Norton International looks like (here the 1956 version in wideline featherbed frame with welded rear subframe). Handlebars a bit too high, otherwise very original! Mine is 1954 with bolted subframe. I should start rebuilding it....
Well – it was only supposed to be the frame to which we would screw a proper glassed picture frame before the top coat, but now we are beginning to think of fixing glass straight into this rough frame instead, as it just seems to fit the rustic theme of the house...
Owners of the BMW 3 Series (E46 models) have been reporting cracks and damage in the rear subframe area of their vehicles. The issue was also common on the earlier 3 Series models and unfortunately, have reoccurred with the E46 from 1999-2006. This issue specifically appears in the rear mounting points of the subframe, which can tear out from their position in the sheet metal. This occurs as the rear differential transmits the torsional load from the engine through the subframe, and then, into the chassis of the vehicle. This constant abuse leads to fatigue in the metal, causing cracks and separation from the chassis.
The parts used for this repair includes:
Active Autowerke (www.activeautowerke.com):
• E46 Subframe / Rear Chassis Reinforcement Kit
Powerflex USA (powerflexusa.com):
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Front Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Rear Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Rear Mount - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Front Mount - Street
Owners of the BMW 3 Series (E46 models) have been reporting cracks and damage in the rear subframe area of their vehicles. The issue was also common on the earlier 3 Series models and unfortunately, have reoccurred with the E46 from 1999-2006. This issue specifically appears in the rear mounting points of the subframe, which can tear out from their position in the sheet metal. This occurs as the rear differential transmits the torsional load from the engine through the subframe, and then, into the chassis of the vehicle. This constant abuse leads to fatigue in the metal, causing cracks and separation from the chassis.
The parts used for this repair includes:
Active Autowerke (www.activeautowerke.com):
• E46 Subframe / Rear Chassis Reinforcement Kit
Powerflex USA (powerflexusa.com):
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Front Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Rear Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Rear Mount - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Front Mount - Street
Owners of the BMW 3 Series (E46 models) have been reporting cracks and damage in the rear subframe area of their vehicles. The issue was also common on the earlier 3 Series models and unfortunately, have reoccurred with the E46 from 1999-2006. This issue specifically appears in the rear mounting points of the subframe, which can tear out from their position in the sheet metal. This occurs as the rear differential transmits the torsional load from the engine through the subframe, and then, into the chassis of the vehicle. This constant abuse leads to fatigue in the metal, causing cracks and separation from the chassis.
The parts used for this repair includes:
Active Autowerke (www.activeautowerke.com):
• E46 Subframe / Rear Chassis Reinforcement Kit
Powerflex USA (powerflexusa.com):
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Front Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Rear Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Rear Mount - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Front Mount - Street
This is a combination of Hydrogen Alpha data from June 2015 with data in July and August 2016, in all 511 minutes (eight and a half hours) of H Alpha data, consisting of 39 subframes at 9minutes, 13 subframes at 10 minutes and 2 subframes at 15 minutes per frame.
This lengthy total exposure time has enabled me to be able to pick out much of the outer shell beyond the usual view of the Dumbbell.
Peter
Equipment:
Atik 460EX mono CCD, 0.75 reducer, 130mm triplet APO, EQ8 Mount, all guided with a lodestar CCD through various guiding scope combinations.
Owners of the BMW 3 Series (E46 models) have been reporting cracks and damage in the rear subframe area of their vehicles. The issue was also common on the earlier 3 Series models and unfortunately, have reoccurred with the E46 from 1999-2006. This issue specifically appears in the rear mounting points of the subframe, which can tear out from their position in the sheet metal. This occurs as the rear differential transmits the torsional load from the engine through the subframe, and then, into the chassis of the vehicle. This constant abuse leads to fatigue in the metal, causing cracks and separation from the chassis.
The parts used for this repair includes:
Active Autowerke (www.activeautowerke.com):
• E46 Subframe / Rear Chassis Reinforcement Kit
Powerflex USA (powerflexusa.com):
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Front Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Rear Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Rear Mount - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Front Mount - Street
Owners of the BMW 3 Series (E46 models) have been reporting cracks and damage in the rear subframe area of their vehicles. The issue was also common on the earlier 3 Series models and unfortunately, have reoccurred with the E46 from 1999-2006. This issue specifically appears in the rear mounting points of the subframe, which can tear out from their position in the sheet metal. This occurs as the rear differential transmits the torsional load from the engine through the subframe, and then, into the chassis of the vehicle. This constant abuse leads to fatigue in the metal, causing cracks and separation from the chassis.
The parts used for this repair includes:
Active Autowerke (www.activeautowerke.com):
• E46 Subframe / Rear Chassis Reinforcement Kit
Powerflex USA (powerflexusa.com):
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Front Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Rear Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Rear Mount - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Front Mount - Street
Owners of the BMW 3 Series (E46 models) have been reporting cracks and damage in the rear subframe area of their vehicles. The issue was also common on the earlier 3 Series models and unfortunately, have reoccurred with the E46 from 1999-2006. This issue specifically appears in the rear mounting points of the subframe, which can tear out from their position in the sheet metal. This occurs as the rear differential transmits the torsional load from the engine through the subframe, and then, into the chassis of the vehicle. This constant abuse leads to fatigue in the metal, causing cracks and separation from the chassis.
The parts used for this repair includes:
Active Autowerke (www.activeautowerke.com):
• E46 Subframe / Rear Chassis Reinforcement Kit
Powerflex USA (powerflexusa.com):
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Front Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Rear Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Rear Mount - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Front Mount - Street
This is my first look this year at the so-called 'Pacman' nebula. It is a stack of fourteen ten-minute subframes in Hydrogen Alpha.
Peter
Equipment used:
Atik 460EX mono CCD, 0.75 rducer, 130mm triplet APO, EQ8 mount, autoguided with a Lodestar CCD and 60mm scope.
Owners of the BMW 3 Series (E46 models) have been reporting cracks and damage in the rear subframe area of their vehicles. The issue was also common on the earlier 3 Series models and unfortunately, have reoccurred with the E46 from 1999-2006. This issue specifically appears in the rear mounting points of the subframe, which can tear out from their position in the sheet metal. This occurs as the rear differential transmits the torsional load from the engine through the subframe, and then, into the chassis of the vehicle. This constant abuse leads to fatigue in the metal, causing cracks and separation from the chassis.
The parts used for this repair includes:
Active Autowerke (www.activeautowerke.com):
• E46 Subframe / Rear Chassis Reinforcement Kit
Powerflex USA (powerflexusa.com):
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Front Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Rear Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Rear Mount - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Front Mount - Street
Captured 12 Dec 2021, 01:00 hrs UT, Springfield, VA, USA. Bortle 7 skies, Stellarvue SV80/9D doublet achromat refractor at f/5.68 (eff. fl 454mm), Orion Atlas AZ/EQ-G Pro mount. Mallincam DS10C camera, bin 1, exposure 60 seconds, gain 20, stack of 115 subframes, dark/flat/bias frames subtracted. Optolong LeNhance filter.
Clouds: clear
Seeing: G
Transparency: 4
Moon phase: 69%
FOV: 2.16 x 1.62 degrees before cropping.
Resolution: 2.1 arcsec/pixel, then drizzled 3x in DSS.
Orientation: Up is Northwest.
Appearance: Dual narrowband filter...large bright complex of red HII regions and dark nebulae across entire FOV.
Note: Troubleshoot the black spotty noise in image, possibly mismatched dark frames. Also, confirm dithering is active in PHD2 as required for drizzle processing.
From Wikipedia:
The North America Nebula (NGC 7000 or Caldwell 20) is an emission nebula in the constellation Cygnus, close to Deneb (the tail of the swan and its brightest star). The shape of the nebula resembles that of the continent of North America, complete with a prominent Gulf of Mexico.
On October 24, 1786, William Herschel observing from Slough, England, noted a “faint milky nebulosity scattered over this space, in some places pretty bright.” The most prominent region was catalogued by his son John Herschel on August 21, 1829. It was listed in the New General Catalogue as NGC 7000, where it is described as a "faint, most extremely large, diffuse nebulosity.”
In 1890, the pioneering German astrophotographer Max Wolf noticed this nebula's characteristic shape on a long-exposure photograph, and dubbed it the North America Nebula.
In his study of nebulae on the Palomar Sky Survey plates in 1959, American astronomer Stewart Sharpless realised that the North America Nebula is part of the same interstellar cloud of ionized hydrogen (H II region) as the Pelican Nebula, separated by a dark band of dust, and listed the two nebulae together in his second list of 313 bright nebulae as Sh2-117. American astronomer Beverly T. Lynds catalogued the obscuring dust cloud as L935 in her 1962 compilation of dark nebulae. Dutch radio astronomer Gart Westerhout detected the HII region Sh2-117 as a strong radio emitter, 3° across, and it appears as W80 in his 1958 catalogue of radio sources in the band of the Milky Way.
The North America Nebula covers a region more than ten times the area of the full moon, but its surface brightness is low, so normally it cannot be seen with the unaided eye. Binoculars and telescopes with large fields of view (approximately 3°) will show it as a foggy patch of light under sufficiently dark skies. However, using a UHC filter, which filters out some unwanted wavelengths of light, it can be seen without magnification under dark skies. Its shape and reddish color (from the hydrogen Hα emission line) show up only in photographs of the area.
The portion of the nebula resembling Mexico and Central America is known as the Cygnus Wall. This region exhibits the most concentrated star formation.
At optical wavelengths, the North America Nebula and the Pelican Nebula (IC 5070) appear distinct as they are separated by the silhouette of the dark band of interstellar dust L935. The dark cloud is however transparent to radio waves and infrared radiation, and these wavelengths reveal the central regions of Sh2-117 that are not visible to an ordinary telescope, including many highly luminous stars.
The distance to the North America has long been controversial, because there are few precision methods for determining how far away an HII region lies. Until 2020, most astronomers accepted a value of 2000 light years, though estimates ranged from 1500 to 3000 light years.
But in 2020, this nebula's distance was pinned down with unprecedented accuracy, after the Gaia astrometry satellite measured the precise distances to 395 stars lying within the HII region. The data show that the North America and Pelican nebulae lie 2,590 light years away (795±25 parsecs). The whole HII region Sh2-117 is then 140 light years across, and the North America Nebula stretches 90 light years north to south.
HII regions shine because their hydrogen gas is ionised by the ultraviolet radiation from a hot star. In 1922, Edwin Hubble proposed that Deneb may be responsible for lighting up the North America Nebula, but it soon became apparent that it is not hot enough: Deneb has a surface temperature of 8,500 K, while the nebula's spectrum shows it is being heated by a star hotter than 30,000 K. In addition, Deneb is well away from the middle of the complete North America/Pelican nebula complex (Sh2-117), and by 1958 George Herbig realised that the ionizing star had to lie behind the central dark cloud L935. In 2004, European astronomers Fernando Comerón and Anna Pasquali searched for the ionizing star behind L935 at infrared wavelengths, using data from the 2MASS survey, and then made detailed observations of likely suspects with the 2.2 m telescope at the Calar Alto Observatory in Spain. One star, catalogued J205551.3+435225, fulfilled all the criteria. Lying right in the centre of Sh2-117, with a temperature of over 40,000 K, it is almost certainly the ionising star for the North America and Pelican Nebulae.
Later observations have revealed J205551.3+435225 is a spectral type O3.5 star, with another hot star (type O8) in orbit. J205551.3+435225 lies just off the “Florida coast” of the North America Nebula, so it has been more conveniently nicknamed the Bajamar Star ("Islas de Bajamar," meaning "low-tide islands" in Spanish, was the original name of the Bahamas because many of them are only easily seen from a ship during low tide).
Although the light from the Bajamar Star is dimmed by 9.6 magnitudes (almost 10,000 times) by the dark cloud L935, it is faintly visible at optical wavelengths, at magnitude 13.2. If we saw this star undimmed, it would shine at magnitude 3.6, almost as bright as Albireo, the star marking the swan's head.
The Pelican Nebula (also known as IC 5070 and IC 5067) is an H II region associated with the North America Nebula in the constellation Cygnus. The gaseous contortions of this emission nebula bear a resemblance to a pelican, giving rise to its name. The Pelican Nebula is located nearby first magnitude star Deneb, and is divided from its more prominent neighbour, the North America Nebula, by a foreground molecular cloud filled with dark dust. Both are part of the larger H II region of Westerhout 40.
The Pelican is much studied because it has a particularly active mix of star formation and evolving gas clouds. The light from young energetic stars is slowly transforming cold gas to hot and causing an ionization front gradually to advance outward. Particularly dense filaments of cold gas are seen to still remain, and among these are found two jets emitted from the Herbig–Haro object 555. Millions of years from now this nebula might no longer be known as the Pelican, as the balance and placement of stars and gas will leave something that appears completely different.
Owners of the BMW 3 Series (E46 models) have been reporting cracks and damage in the rear subframe area of their vehicles. The issue was also common on the earlier 3 Series models and unfortunately, have reoccurred with the E46 from 1999-2006. This issue specifically appears in the rear mounting points of the subframe, which can tear out from their position in the sheet metal. This occurs as the rear differential transmits the torsional load from the engine through the subframe, and then, into the chassis of the vehicle. This constant abuse leads to fatigue in the metal, causing cracks and separation from the chassis.
The parts used for this repair includes:
Active Autowerke (www.activeautowerke.com):
• E46 Subframe / Rear Chassis Reinforcement Kit
Powerflex USA (powerflexusa.com):
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Front Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Rear Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Rear Mount - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Front Mount - Street
Owners of the BMW 3 Series (E46 models) have been reporting cracks and damage in the rear subframe area of their vehicles. The issue was also common on the earlier 3 Series models and unfortunately, have reoccurred with the E46 from 1999-2006. This issue specifically appears in the rear mounting points of the subframe, which can tear out from their position in the sheet metal. This occurs as the rear differential transmits the torsional load from the engine through the subframe, and then, into the chassis of the vehicle. This constant abuse leads to fatigue in the metal, causing cracks and separation from the chassis.
The parts used for this repair includes:
Active Autowerke (www.activeautowerke.com):
• E46 Subframe / Rear Chassis Reinforcement Kit
Powerflex USA (powerflexusa.com):
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Front Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Rear Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Rear Mount - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Front Mount - Street
Owners of the BMW 3 Series (E46 models) have been reporting cracks and damage in the rear subframe area of their vehicles. The issue was also common on the earlier 3 Series models and unfortunately, have reoccurred with the E46 from 1999-2006. This issue specifically appears in the rear mounting points of the subframe, which can tear out from their position in the sheet metal. This occurs as the rear differential transmits the torsional load from the engine through the subframe, and then, into the chassis of the vehicle. This constant abuse leads to fatigue in the metal, causing cracks and separation from the chassis.
The parts used for this repair includes:
Active Autowerke (www.activeautowerke.com):
• E46 Subframe / Rear Chassis Reinforcement Kit
Powerflex USA (powerflexusa.com):
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Front Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Rear Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Rear Mount - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Front Mount - Street
Owners of the BMW 3 Series (E46 models) have been reporting cracks and damage in the rear subframe area of their vehicles. The issue was also common on the earlier 3 Series models and unfortunately, have reoccurred with the E46 from 1999-2006. This issue specifically appears in the rear mounting points of the subframe, which can tear out from their position in the sheet metal. This occurs as the rear differential transmits the torsional load from the engine through the subframe, and then, into the chassis of the vehicle. This constant abuse leads to fatigue in the metal, causing cracks and separation from the chassis.
The parts used for this repair includes:
Active Autowerke (www.activeautowerke.com):
• E46 Subframe / Rear Chassis Reinforcement Kit
Powerflex USA (powerflexusa.com):
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Front Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Subframe Rear Bushing - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Rear Mount - Street
• BMW E46 M3 Rear Diff Front Mount - Street
I bought this tool on ebay for $150. This used to be part of a multi-model bushing tool kit code-named BMW2336, made by a manufacturing company called Sir Tools and sold by resellers like Zdmak and Technictool, for about $300. This kit is no longer for sale, it has been superseded by the BMW3026 kit. The tool I bought is limited to the parts that are needed for the E30.
Since the parts did not come with instructions I emailed both Sir tools and Zdmak asking for a courtesy copy (it was quite obvious how it worked, but nonetheless). Sir tools replied a week later and sent me a copy. The installation instructions did not make sense.
Made preparations to work on the subframe, removing the bumper and crash bar is absolutely necessary to work on the subframe.
Bring it on!
28 May 2022, ~11pm ET, Springfield Virginia USA. Orion Atlas AZ/EQ-G Pro mount. QHY 294M Pro camera @ -10C, bin 1, exposure 15 seconds, gain 2600, 11MP mode, stack of 60 subframes, no calibration frames. Baader Luminance filter. Reprocessed on 31 May 2023 in Siril and PS.
Clouds: partly cloudy
Seeing: avg
Transparency: avg
Moon phase: 3%
FOV: 32 x 30 arcmin.
Resolution: 0.9 arcsec/pixel.
Orientation: Up is West.
Appearance: Finely detailed face-on spiral galaxy.
Notes: Focused center FOV. Unguided.
From Wikipedia:
Messier 63 or M63, also known as NGC 5055 or the Sunflower Galaxy, is a spiral galaxy in the northern constellation of Canes Venatici with approximately 400 billion stars. M63 was first discovered by the French astronomer Pierre Méchain, then later verified by his colleague Charles Messier on June 14, 1779. The galaxy became listed as object 63 in the Messier Catalogue. In the mid-19th century, Anglo-Irish astronomer Lord Rosse identified spiral structures within the galaxy, making this one of the first galaxies in which such structure was identified.
The shape or morphology of this galaxy has a classification of SAbc, indicating a spiral form with no central bar feature (SA) and two moderate to loosely wound arms (bc). Each arm wraps 150° around the galaxy and extends out to 13,000 light-years (4,000 parsecs) from the nucleus.
M63 is a weakly active galaxy with a LINER nucleus – short for 'low-ionization nuclear emission-line region'. This displays as an unresolved source at the galactic nucleus that is cloaked in a diffuse emission. The latter is extended along a position angle of 110° relative to the north celestial pole, and both soft X-rays and hydrogen (H-alpha) emission can be observed coming from along nearly the same direction. The existence of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the nucleus is uncertain; if it does exist, then the mass is estimated as (8.5±1.9)×108 M☉, or around 850 million times the mass of the Sun.
Radio observations at the 21-cm hydrogen line show the gaseous disk of M63 extends outward to a radius of 130,000 light-years (40 kiloparsecs), well past the bright optical disk. This gas shows a symmetrical form that is warped in a pronounced manner, starting at a radius of 33,000 light-years (10 kiloparsecs). The form suggests a dark matter halo that is offset with respect to the inner region. The reason for the warp is unclear, but the position angle points toward the smaller companion galaxy, UGC 8313.
The distance to M63, based upon the luminosity-distance measurement is 29,300,000 light-years (8.99 megaparsecs). The radial velocity relative to the Local Group yields an estimate of 15,200,000 light-years (4.65 megaparsecs). Estimates based on the Tully–Fisher relation range over 16,000,000–34,000,000 light-years (5.0–10.3 megaparsecs). The tip of the red-giant branch technique gives a distance of 28,930,000 ± 950,000 light-years (8.87 ± 0.29 megaparsecs).
M63 is part of the M51 Group, a group of galaxies that also includes M51 (the 'Whirlpool Galaxy').
In 1971, a supernova with a magnitude of 11.8 appeared in one of the arms. It was discovered on May 24 and reached peak light around May 26. The spectrum of this, SN 1971 I, is consistent with a supernova of type I. However, the spectroscopic behavior appeared anomalous.