View allAll Photos Tagged Sentences
live from hand to mouth
(verb) to satisfy one’s basic needs because of a lack of money
Example Sentences:
The University students are living from hand to mouth because they don’t have a lot of money from their part-time jobs.
Jana lived from hand to mouth while studying for her Masters.
While Rebecca is unemployed she willlive from hand to mouth, so she decided to cancel her vacation.
Devil Beside You
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (March 2010)
Devil Beside You
Devil Beside You (Chinese: 惡魔在身邊; pinyin: Èmó zài shēnbiān) is a 2005 Taiwanese drama starring Mike He, Rainie Yang and Kingone Wang. It is based on Japanese manga Akuma de Sourou, The Devil Does Exist (悪魔で候 Akuma de Sōrō?), written by Mitsuba Takanashi. It was produced by Comic Ritz International Production (可米瑞智國際藝能有限公司) with Chai Zhi Ping (柴智屏) as producer and directed by Lin He Long (林合隆). The series was first broadcast in Taiwan on free-to-air China Television (CTV) (中視) from 26 June to 18 September 2005 and cable TV Eastern Television (ETTV) (東森) for 20 episodes.Characters[edit]
Major characters[edit]
Drama characterActorManga characterCharacteristics
Qi Yue (齊悅)Rainie YangKayano SaitouShe is a sweet and innocent sophomore in college who lives with her widowed mother. She is shy and sometimes clueless, but has a loyal and kind heart that shines even through the toughest of times. She harbors a crush on the captain of the basketball team, Yuan Yi, but her life is turned upside-down by Ah Meng. Eventually, she falls out of love with Yuan Yi and starts developing feelings for Ah Meng. She constantly worries about him and their relationship being discovered. Qi Yue is also one of the managers of the basketball team. Although it hurts for her to accept that Jiang Meng is her future brother, she still continues to love the devil boy.
Jiang Meng aka Ahmon (江猛)Mike HeTakeru EdogawaHe is the son of the president of the school. He is a freshman at the college, yet he has power over his teachers due to his father's position. Ah Meng is also frightening to a lot of people and is known to bully girls, yet he is also known as the "prince of seduction." Despite his cool composure and "bad" attitude, Ah Meng has a gentle side and often sticks up for what is right. Li Xiang has a crush on him, which he does not reciprocate, but Ah Meng has feelings for Qi Yue. Although she is his future stepsister (elder), he does love her and enjoys teasing her. He knows that she loves him but gets jealous when he finds out that there are new people that are pursuing her. Ah Meng also joins the basketball team and has faster reflexes than rival Yuan Yi's. Ah Meng also has a little brother.
Shang Yuan Yi (尚源伊)Kingone WangKamijou YuuichiHe is a boy in Qi Yue's class (teasingly nicknamed "Ah Yi (Auntie in Chinese)", and is the captain of the basketball team. Qi Yue is initially in love with Yuan Yi for his gentle personality. Yuan Yi reciprocates her feelings and they become a couple. When Qi Yue falls in love with Ah Meng, she breaks up with Yuan Yi, wishing not to lead him on. Yuan Yi is angry and hostile towards Ah Meng at first, but gets over it and realizes his feelings for Qing Zi after she kisses him and he admits that he has feelings towards Qi Yue but he also knows he has no more chance because of Ah Meng.
Qing Zi (晴紫)Tsai Pei Lin (蔡裴琳)Harukawa KyokoShe is Qi Yue's outspoken best friend. She and Xiao Cai are the ones who encourages Qi Yue to confess her love to Yuan Yi, even though Qing Zi herself had a crush on him. Qing Zi cares for Qi Yue a lot and spends a lot of effort in helping her. After Qi Yue and Yuan Yi break up, Qing Zi starts dating Yuan Yi. Qing Zi and Yuan Yi's relationship is tested when Qing Zi feels that Yuan Yi is spending more time playing basketball than being with her. Feeling dejected, she meets with a stranger she chatted with online. She later gets into a tussle with him and Yuan Yi comes to her rescue instead of playing in the team's basketball match. When her father gets a new job, he forces her to emigrate with him, taking her away from Yuan Yi and her friends. Yuan Yi, in order to keep her with him, challenges her father, a skilled swordsman.
Xiao Cai (小彩)Fu Xiao Yun (傅小芸)NanachanShe is Qi Yue and Qing Zi's friend. She and Qing Zi were the ones who supported Qi Yue to confess her love to Yuan Yi. Unlike Qing Zi, Xiao Cai appears to be more calm. She also alerted Yuan Yi of Qing Zi's escapade with the stranger because she was worried about Qing Zi's safety.
Xin Li Xiang (辛莉香)Fan Hsiao Fun (范筱梵)Rika MoroboshiIn high school, she was an anti-social girl and acted snotty to all the girls in the class. Whenever she got bullied, Ah Meng would protect her. Li Xiang has also developed a crush on Ah Meng, calling him "Prince". She would do anything to get Ah Meng to notice her, she would even go as far as hiring girls to beat her up so Ah Meng could "save" her. Finally she realizes that this is not the way to get him to love her. Yang Ping had a crush on her and she then starts to have feelings for him and goes out with him.
Yu Yang Ping (于陽平)Masuyama YukiYouheiHe is Ah Meng's best friend who supports him. He used to be mocked by the middle school basketball teacher because he was overweight and he could not play well. Ah Meng was defensive and protective over him and he beat up the teacher. This lead them to become good friends. He has feelings for Li Xiang, but she has a crush on Ah Meng. He is willing to do anything for her, even trying to beat up Qi Yue. Li Xiang then starts to develop feelings for him and they start to go out.
Yuan Chuan Rang aka Ah Rang (袁川讓)Figaro CengYuzuruHe is Ah Meng's younger brother. Their father tried desperately to forget about him, and named Ah Meng as the successor of the company. Ah Rang follows and stalks Qi Yue everywhere, trying to force her and blackmail her to like him, who in turn, does everything she can to stop him. He tries to ruin Ah Meng's name, and puts Ah Meng and Qi Yue in lots of danger. He is later softened by Qi Yue, who later feels sorry for him and reaches out to him, and becomes more open. Ah Rang actually really looks up to Ah Meng and sees him as a hero, and actually cares deeply about him. He also tried to act like him, which causes him to get bullied and beaten up in school. Ah Meng then teaches him how to protect himself and fight the boys who bulied him. His mother chose him instead of Ah Meng when his parents divorced, causing Ah Meng to envy his younger brother. Ah Meng would often ignore him and never look at him, and act coldly toward him. Ah Rang is also being helped by the university president's assistant who is in love with Ah Rang's mother, who does not reciprocate that love. Plus, Ah Meng had accidentally shoved Ah Rang into a vase that had severely injured and cut his neck when they were young. This caused Ah Meng to have felt really sorry to his younger brother over the years. Because of this injury, he usually is weak and can collapse due to breath failure. He has asthma and after a "fake" attack, he and Ah Meng rekindle their relationship and become brothers once more.
Liu Mei Di (劉美蒂)Katherine Wang Kai Di (王凱蒂)A girl who Ah Meng saved when she dropped her glasses in the middle of a road. He took her to an optician and bought new glasses for her. She never got a good sight of him as she broke her glasses, but she fell in love with him. Coincidentally, Ah Meng's grandmother arranged a marriage for him and Meidi to try to break Ah Meng and Qi Yue apart. She is well-sheltered because everyone thinks she is cute and innocent due to her appearance. Ah Meng is the only person, besides blunt Li Xiang, that didn't give her what she wanted which is one of the reasons she loves him so much. She also has anemia that causes her to be dependent on chocolate, notably Ferrero Rocher, so she always carries a box in her bag. She likes to give out the chocolates to thank people for their kindness.
Tian Si Shen (田思慎)Wu Zhong Tian (吳中天)Shin FujitaQi Yue's first crush. He was her father's student when they were younger. He and Qi Yue had spent a lot of time together, and he was her mentor. She had always said when she was younger that she wanted to marry him when she grew up. He studied overseas for some time. When he came back, he became a substitute professor for a short while at her college. He also became the coach for the basketball team. Though he has a girlfriend, he harbors feelings for Qi Yue. Once he knows that Qi Yue is not the same girl she used to be and is in a relationship with Ah Meng, he then tries to get back his girlfriend.
John Richards was convicted of the crime - stealing money from person and was sentenced to 3 months at Newcastle City Gaol.
Age (on discharge): 25
Height: 5.5½
Hair: Brown
Eyes: Blue
Place of Birth: Plymouth
Status: Single
Occupation: Hatter
These photographs are of convicted criminals in Newcastle between 1871 - 1873.
Reference:TWAS: PR.NC/6/1/1227
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
To purchase a hi-res copy please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk quoting the title and reference number.
My Beloved has been faithful.
When I’ve had no words, He’s filled my mouth with streams of sentences. When I have stumbled in the dark and blanched at the shadows, He’s taken His hand in mine and walked with me through the night. In this maze of a world, He’s straightened my paths and led me to the light. When I’ve voiced my discomfort, He’s listened to my screams, then held me when they transformed into sobs.
He’s seen me in my darkest moments, the thoughts that haunted and threatened to devour my dreams. He has brightened the hopes I harbored and delighted in my shining eyes.
He’s watched me wrestle with leaving my comfort zone to venture into the wild unknown of each day, where I may not know where I am going, but I do know Who is guiding me. And like He does for the sparrows singing outside my window, He provides for me exactly what I need, exactly when I need it.
He is kind and caring. He calls me His one and only. He has led me to His love, into this beautifully terrifying journey that thrills and enchants me.
He is patient when I stray. Gentle when I am stubborn and sees all that I search for in vain. His song is in my heart, His laugh embedded in each line I write. His scent is wound in roses, His eyes entwined in twilight. When I doubt my worth, He holds His mirror in front of me and beckons me to see the girl He falls in love with each morning. He is fair and just, and I am not immune to His corrections. But He refines me; He spins me fine as gold.
I am irrevocably in love. For in the strength of His wings, I have learned to fly.
***
This composition marks the one year anniversary of the start of Our Great Romance. Fifty two weeks ago God prompted me to begin chronicling this adventure and draw closer to Him so He could reveal Himself in ways bright and stunning to me that He hadn’t in the past. He has indeed been faithful to me on this journey. He has taught me complete vulnerability, trust, dedication and to listen delicately for the whisper of His voice. He has also shouted in my ear a few dozen times, as well! I am beyond blessed to be where I am today, walking hand in hand with my beloved Lord. Thank you all for sharing these moments with me, and for allowing me to bare my soul to you. May you always feel His sweet and all encompassing love surrounding you.
Nikola Tesla 1856-1943
used acrylic, ballpoint pen, gel pen, pastels, mechanical pencil, hb pencils & charcoal on canson mixed media sketching paper 11x14
Time:3-4hrs
Dedicated to the memory of Nikola Tesla. He gives me inspiration. This man's face is very unique so it has been very hard for me to draw so this isn't an exact likeness which is why I tried to capture his image in an abstract way. Well, gave it the best I could and I think it came out ok so i'm not too disappointed with it.
Not sure many people know this of him but the government seized over 700 patents of his. Patents which could have transformed our planet forever( in the good kind of way) For instance...free energy would be one of the main focal points. A lot of the people who were financing him at the time like JP MORGAN which ( is not in the free energy business lol ) finally found about the purposes his inventions and stop financing him. Also an interesting thought...Tomas Edison used his Alternating Current to kill a variety of animals including even a horse some say in order to discredit and shame his reputation. Also the fist electric chair was used in the sentencing of someone to death with alternating current also to show Tesla's invention as cruel and inhumane to further discredit...What is really amazing to me is that some of his inventions is said to have come from dreams.
Nikola Tesla is finally beginning to attract real attention and encourage serious debate more than 70 years after his death.
Was he for real? A crackpot? Part of an early experiment in corporate-government control?
We know that he was undoubtedly persecuted by the energy power brokers of his day -- namely Thomas Edison, whom we are taught in school to revere as a genius. He was also attacked by J.P. Morgan and other "captains of industry." Upon Tesla's death on January 7th, 1943, the U.S. government moved into his lab and apartment confiscating all of his scientific research, some of which has been released by the FBI through the Freedom of Information Act. (I've embedded the first 250 pages below and have added a link to the .pdf of the final pages, 290 in total).
Besides his persecution by corporate-government interests (which is practically a certification of authenticity), there is at least one solid indication of Nikola Tesla's integrity -- he tore up a contract with Westinghouse that was worth billions in order to save the company from paying him his huge royalty payments.
But, let's take a look at what Nikola Tesla -- a man who died broke and alone -- has actually given to the world. For better or worse, with credit or without, he changed the face of the planet in ways that perhaps no man ever has.
1. Alternating Current-- This is where it all began, and what ultimately caused such a stir at the 1893 World's Expo in Chicago. A war was leveled ever-after between the vision of Edison and the vision of Tesla for how electricity would be produced and distributed. The division can be summarized as one of cost and safety: The DC current that Edison (backed by General Electric) had been working on was costly over long distances, and produced dangerous sparking from the required converter (called a commutator). Regardless, Edison and his backers utilized the general "dangers" of electric current to instill fear in Tesla's alternative: Alternating Current. As proof, Edison sometimes electrocuted animals at demonstrations. Consequently, Edison gave the world the electric chair, while simultaneously maligning Tesla's attempt to offer safety at a lower cost. Tesla responded by demonstrating that AC was perfectly safe by famously shooting current through his own body to produce light. This Edison-Tesla (GE-Westinghouse) feud in 1893 was the culmination of over a decade of shady business deals, stolen ideas, and patent suppression that Edison and his moneyed interests wielded over Tesla's inventions. Yet, despite it all, it is Tesla's system that provides power generation and distribution to North America in our modern era.
2. Light -- Of course he didn't invent light itself, but he did invent how light can be harnessed and distributed. Tesla developed and used fluorescent bulbs in his lab some 40 years before industry "invented" them. At the World's Fair, Tesla took glass tubes and bent them into famous scientists' names, in effect creating the first neon signs. However, it is his Tesla Coil that might be the most impressive, and controversial. The Tesla Coil is certainly something that big industry would have liked to suppress: the concept that the Earth itself is a magnet that can generate electricity (electromagnetism) utilizing frequencies as a transmitter. All that is needed on the other end is the receiver -- much like a radio.
3. X-rays -- Electromagnetic and ionizing radiation was heavily researched in the late 1800s, but Tesla researched the entire gamut. Everything from a precursor to Kirlian photography, which has the ability to document life force, to what we now use in medical diagnostics, this was a transformative invention of which Tesla played a central role. X-rays, like so many of Tesla's contributions, stemmed from his belief that everything we need to understand the universe is virtually around us at all times, but we need to use our minds to develop real-world devices to augment our innate perception of existence.
4. Radio -- Guglielmo Marconi was initially credited, and most believe him to be the inventor of radio to this day. However, the Supreme Court overturned Marconi's patent in 1943, when it was proven that Tesla invented the radio years previous to Marconi. Radio signals are just another frequency that needs a transmitter and receiver, which Tesla also demonstrated in 1893 during a presentation before The National Electric Light Association. In 1897 Tesla applied for two patents US 645576, and US 649621. In 1904, however, The U.S. Patent Office reversed its decision, awarding Marconi a patent for the invention of radio, possibly influenced by Marconi's financial backers in the States, who included Thomas Edison and Andrew Carnegie. This also allowed the U.S. government (among others) to avoid having to pay the royalties that were being claimed by Tesla.
5. Remote Control -- This invention was a natural outcropping of radio. Patent No. 613809 was the first remote controlled model boat, demonstrated in 1898. Utilizing several large batteries; radio signals controlled switches, which then energized the boat's propeller, rudder, and scaled-down running lights. While this exact technology was not widely used for some time, we now can see the power that was appropriated by the military in its pursuit of remote controlled war. Radio controlled tanks were introduced by the Germans in WWII, and developments in this realm have since slid quickly away from the direction of human freedom.
6. Electric Motor -- Tesla's invention of the electric motor has finally been popularized by a carbrandishing his name. While the technical specifications are beyond the scope of this summary, suffice to say that Tesla's invention of a motor with rotating magnetic fields could have freed mankind much sooner from the stranglehold of Big Oil. However, his invention in 1930 succumbed to the economic crisis and the world war that followed. Nevertheless, this invention has fundamentally changed the landscape of what we now take for granted: industrial fans, household applicances, water pumps, machine tools, power tools, disk drives, electric wristwatches and compressors.
7. Robotics -- Tesla's overly enhanced scientific mind led him to the idea that all living beings are merely driven by external impulses. He stated: "I have by every thought and act of mine, demonstrated, and does so daily, to my absolute satisfaction that I am an automaton endowed with power of movement, which merely responds to external stimuli." Thus, the concept of the robot was born. However, an element of the human remained present, as Tesla asserted that these human replicas should have limitations -- namely growth and propagation. Nevertheless, Tesla unabashedly embraced all of what intelligence could produce. His visions for a future filled with intelligent cars, robotic human companions, and the use of sensors, and autonomous systems are detailed in a must-read entry in the Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2006 (PDF).
8. Laser -- Tesla's invention of the laser may be one of the best examples of the good and evil bound up together within the mind of man. Lasers have transformed surgical applications in an undeniably beneficial way, and they have given rise to much of our current digital media. However, with this leap in innovation we have also crossed into the land of science fiction. From Reagan's "Star Wars" laser defense system to today's Orwellian "non-lethal" weapons' arsenal, which includes laser rifles and directed energy "death rays," there is great potential for development in both directions.
9 and 10. Wireless Communications and Limitless Free Energy -- These two are inextricably linked, as they were the last straw for the power elite -- what good is energy if it can't be metered and controlled? Free? Never. J.P. Morgan backed Tesla with $150,000 to build a tower that would use the natural frequencies of our universe to transmit data, including a wide range of information communicated through images, voice messages, and text. This represented the world's first wireless communications, but it also meant that aside from the cost of the tower itself, the universe was filled with free energy that could be utilized to form a world wide web connecting all people in all places, as well as allow people to harness the free energy around them. Essentially, the 0's and 1's of the universe are embedded in the fabric of existence for each of us to access as needed. Nikola Tesla was dedicated to empowering the individual to receive and transmit this data virtually free of charge. But we know the ending to that story . . . until now?
Tesla had perhaps thousands of other ideas and inventions that remain unreleased. A look at his hundred of patents shows a glimpse of the scope he intended to offer. If you feel that the additional technical and scientific research of Nikola Tesla should be revealed for public scrutiny and discussion, instead of suppressed by BIG INDUSTRY and even our supposed institutions of higher education, join the world's call to tell power brokers everywhere that we are ready to Occupy Energy and learn about what our universe really has to offer.
The release of Nikola Tesla's technical and scientific research -- specifically his research into harnessing electricity from the ionosphere at a facility called Wardenclyffe -- is a necessary step toward true freedom of information
Like a wave in the physical world, in the infinite ocean of the medium which pervades all, so in the world of organisms, in life, an impulse started proceeds onward, at times, may be, with the speed of light, at times, again, so slowly that for ages and ages it seems to stay, passing through processes of a complexity inconceivable to men, but in all its forms, in all its stages, its energy ever and ever integrally present. A single ray of light from a distant star falling upon the eye of a tyrant in bygone times may have altered the course of his life, may have changed the destiny of nations, may have transformed the surface of the globe, so intricate, so inconceivably complex are the processes in Nature. In no way can we get such an overwhelming idea of the grandeur of Nature than when we consider, that in accordance with the law of the conservation of energy, throughout the Infinite, the forces are in a perfect balance, and hence the energy of a single thought may determine the motion of a universe-Nikola Tesla
Nikola Tesla 1856-1943
used acrylic, ballpoint pen, gel pen, pastels, mechanical pencil, hb pencils & charcoal on canson mixed media sketching paper 11x14
Time:3-4hrs
Dedicated to the memory of Nikola Tesla. He gives me inspiration. This man's face is very unique so it has been very hard for me to draw so this isn't an exact likeness which is why I tried to capture his image in an abstract way. Well, gave it the best I could and I think it came out ok so i'm not too disappointed with it.
Not sure many people know this of him but the government seized over 700 patents of his. Patents which could have transformed our planet forever( in the good kind of way) For instance...free energy would be one of the main focal points. A lot of the people who were financing him at the time like JP MORGAN which ( is not in the free energy business lol ) finally found about the purposes his inventions and stop financing him. Also an interesting thought...Tomas Edison used his Alternating Current to kill a variety of animals including even a horse some say in order to discredit and shame his reputation. Also the fist electric chair was used in the sentencing of someone to death with alternating current also to show Tesla's invention as cruel and inhumane to further discredit...What is really amazing to me is that some of his inventions is said to have come from dreams.
Nikola Tesla is finally beginning to attract real attention and encourage serious debate more than 70 years after his death.
Was he for real? A crackpot? Part of an early experiment in corporate-government control?
We know that he was undoubtedly persecuted by the energy power brokers of his day -- namely Thomas Edison, whom we are taught in school to revere as a genius. He was also attacked by J.P. Morgan and other "captains of industry." Upon Tesla's death on January 7th, 1943, the U.S. government moved into his lab and apartment confiscating all of his scientific research, some of which has been released by the FBI through the Freedom of Information Act. (I've embedded the first 250 pages below and have added a link to the .pdf of the final pages, 290 in total).
Besides his persecution by corporate-government interests (which is practically a certification of authenticity), there is at least one solid indication of Nikola Tesla's integrity -- he tore up a contract with Westinghouse that was worth billions in order to save the company from paying him his huge royalty payments.
But, let's take a look at what Nikola Tesla -- a man who died broke and alone -- has actually given to the world. For better or worse, with credit or without, he changed the face of the planet in ways that perhaps no man ever has.
1. Alternating Current-- This is where it all began, and what ultimately caused such a stir at the 1893 World's Expo in Chicago. A war was leveled ever-after between the vision of Edison and the vision of Tesla for how electricity would be produced and distributed. The division can be summarized as one of cost and safety: The DC current that Edison (backed by General Electric) had been working on was costly over long distances, and produced dangerous sparking from the required converter (called a commutator). Regardless, Edison and his backers utilized the general "dangers" of electric current to instill fear in Tesla's alternative: Alternating Current. As proof, Edison sometimes electrocuted animals at demonstrations. Consequently, Edison gave the world the electric chair, while simultaneously maligning Tesla's attempt to offer safety at a lower cost. Tesla responded by demonstrating that AC was perfectly safe by famously shooting current through his own body to produce light. This Edison-Tesla (GE-Westinghouse) feud in 1893 was the culmination of over a decade of shady business deals, stolen ideas, and patent suppression that Edison and his moneyed interests wielded over Tesla's inventions. Yet, despite it all, it is Tesla's system that provides power generation and distribution to North America in our modern era.
2. Light -- Of course he didn't invent light itself, but he did invent how light can be harnessed and distributed. Tesla developed and used fluorescent bulbs in his lab some 40 years before industry "invented" them. At the World's Fair, Tesla took glass tubes and bent them into famous scientists' names, in effect creating the first neon signs. However, it is his Tesla Coil that might be the most impressive, and controversial. The Tesla Coil is certainly something that big industry would have liked to suppress: the concept that the Earth itself is a magnet that can generate electricity (electromagnetism) utilizing frequencies as a transmitter. All that is needed on the other end is the receiver -- much like a radio.
3. X-rays -- Electromagnetic and ionizing radiation was heavily researched in the late 1800s, but Tesla researched the entire gamut. Everything from a precursor to Kirlian photography, which has the ability to document life force, to what we now use in medical diagnostics, this was a transformative invention of which Tesla played a central role. X-rays, like so many of Tesla's contributions, stemmed from his belief that everything we need to understand the universe is virtually around us at all times, but we need to use our minds to develop real-world devices to augment our innate perception of existence.
4. Radio -- Guglielmo Marconi was initially credited, and most believe him to be the inventor of radio to this day. However, the Supreme Court overturned Marconi's patent in 1943, when it was proven that Tesla invented the radio years previous to Marconi. Radio signals are just another frequency that needs a transmitter and receiver, which Tesla also demonstrated in 1893 during a presentation before The National Electric Light Association. In 1897 Tesla applied for two patents US 645576, and US 649621. In 1904, however, The U.S. Patent Office reversed its decision, awarding Marconi a patent for the invention of radio, possibly influenced by Marconi's financial backers in the States, who included Thomas Edison and Andrew Carnegie. This also allowed the U.S. government (among others) to avoid having to pay the royalties that were being claimed by Tesla.
5. Remote Control -- This invention was a natural outcropping of radio. Patent No. 613809 was the first remote controlled model boat, demonstrated in 1898. Utilizing several large batteries; radio signals controlled switches, which then energized the boat's propeller, rudder, and scaled-down running lights. While this exact technology was not widely used for some time, we now can see the power that was appropriated by the military in its pursuit of remote controlled war. Radio controlled tanks were introduced by the Germans in WWII, and developments in this realm have since slid quickly away from the direction of human freedom.
6. Electric Motor -- Tesla's invention of the electric motor has finally been popularized by a carbrandishing his name. While the technical specifications are beyond the scope of this summary, suffice to say that Tesla's invention of a motor with rotating magnetic fields could have freed mankind much sooner from the stranglehold of Big Oil. However, his invention in 1930 succumbed to the economic crisis and the world war that followed. Nevertheless, this invention has fundamentally changed the landscape of what we now take for granted: industrial fans, household applicances, water pumps, machine tools, power tools, disk drives, electric wristwatches and compressors.
7. Robotics -- Tesla's overly enhanced scientific mind led him to the idea that all living beings are merely driven by external impulses. He stated: "I have by every thought and act of mine, demonstrated, and does so daily, to my absolute satisfaction that I am an automaton endowed with power of movement, which merely responds to external stimuli." Thus, the concept of the robot was born. However, an element of the human remained present, as Tesla asserted that these human replicas should have limitations -- namely growth and propagation. Nevertheless, Tesla unabashedly embraced all of what intelligence could produce. His visions for a future filled with intelligent cars, robotic human companions, and the use of sensors, and autonomous systems are detailed in a must-read entry in the Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2006 (PDF).
8. Laser -- Tesla's invention of the laser may be one of the best examples of the good and evil bound up together within the mind of man. Lasers have transformed surgical applications in an undeniably beneficial way, and they have given rise to much of our current digital media. However, with this leap in innovation we have also crossed into the land of science fiction. From Reagan's "Star Wars" laser defense system to today's Orwellian "non-lethal" weapons' arsenal, which includes laser rifles and directed energy "death rays," there is great potential for development in both directions.
9 and 10. Wireless Communications and Limitless Free Energy -- These two are inextricably linked, as they were the last straw for the power elite -- what good is energy if it can't be metered and controlled? Free? Never. J.P. Morgan backed Tesla with $150,000 to build a tower that would use the natural frequencies of our universe to transmit data, including a wide range of information communicated through images, voice messages, and text. This represented the world's first wireless communications, but it also meant that aside from the cost of the tower itself, the universe was filled with free energy that could be utilized to form a world wide web connecting all people in all places, as well as allow people to harness the free energy around them. Essentially, the 0's and 1's of the universe are embedded in the fabric of existence for each of us to access as needed. Nikola Tesla was dedicated to empowering the individual to receive and transmit this data virtually free of charge. But we know the ending to that story . . . until now?
Tesla had perhaps thousands of other ideas and inventions that remain unreleased. A look at his hundred of patents shows a glimpse of the scope he intended to offer. If you feel that the additional technical and scientific research of Nikola Tesla should be revealed for public scrutiny and discussion, instead of suppressed by BIG INDUSTRY and even our supposed institutions of higher education, join the world's call to tell power brokers everywhere that we are ready to Occupy Energy and learn about what our universe really has to offer.
The release of Nikola Tesla's technical and scientific research -- specifically his research into harnessing electricity from the ionosphere at a facility called Wardenclyffe -- is a necessary step toward true freedom of information
Like a wave in the physical world, in the infinite ocean of the medium which pervades all, so in the world of organisms, in life, an impulse started proceeds onward, at times, may be, with the speed of light, at times, again, so slowly that for ages and ages it seems to stay, passing through processes of a complexity inconceivable to men, but in all its forms, in all its stages, its energy ever and ever integrally present. A single ray of light from a distant star falling upon the eye of a tyrant in bygone times may have altered the course of his life, may have changed the destiny of nations, may have transformed the surface of the globe, so intricate, so inconceivably complex are the processes in Nature. In no way can we get such an overwhelming idea of the grandeur of Nature than when we consider, that in accordance with the law of the conservation of energy, throughout the Infinite, the forces are in a perfect balance, and hence the energy of a single thought may determine the motion of a universe-Nikola Tesla
Our family friend, John, has what he calls his funeral suit. I suppose we are now reaching the point where I need one too. In fact, I have lost several friends, former colleagues from The Mob, something that will accelerate as the years pass.
Last week, I noticed that a friend of mine on Flickr, Günter, had not commented on any shots for a few weeks. He used to leave funny one sentence comments that almost always brought a smile.
The latest shot on his photostream was of a fresh grave.
His.
Sadly, Günter passed away on New Year's Day, and his family posted this last shot to let the world know. Or his friends, anyway.
We had visited his and his wife in Bonn, and he had come to stay with us too, we share interests in railways, photography and beer.
It came quite a shock I can tell you.
Online, people come and go, mostly without fanfare or announcement. One day they are there, and then they're not. Did they just get fed up, or something more terminal?
Most of the time, we'll never know.
I am lucky in that I have met many online friends in real life, sometimes here in Kent, but also in the US too, so know they are more than screen names and photos, but real people with lives, who are pretty much as wonderful as their online presence would have you believe.
Life goes on, of course, but I will miss Günter, and sad for the fact we will not raise beers in a friendly toast to each other.
We woke at half six, I went to the bathroom and looked out the window. Still too early for birds, but there wasn't a breath of wind either, nor any cars to be seen moving. So it looked like someone had paused time.
Cleo is perpetual motion, however, and coming downstairs revealed her to be always on the move until her food is placed just where she wants it.
I went to Tesco by myself, with a list as long as a long thing, while Jools stayed behind and fed the hungry washing machine two loads of dirty laundry. Good news is that Tesco was fully stocked with fresh produce, including raspberries from Spain. We like them for breakfast at weekends, its a hard habit to break.
Back home to unload and make breakfast; fruit and yogurt followed by warmed croissants.
Jools said she had been sitting all week, so would not come with me to go churchcrawling, so I go on me tod, driving up the M20 to Maidstone, to revisit All Saints church, where I had not been for over 12 years. I had checked Google, and it said the church would be open from 10:00.
I timed it to arrive dead on ten. I parked the car opposite, and dodged traffic to get over the main road, I went to the first door only to find it locked. But a sign suggested there were two more possible ways in, so walked round, checked the north door, and that was locked too. That only left the west door, under the tower, to try. That was ajar, so my hopes lifted. Only to find the inner door locked.
Maybe I was too early?
A lady came in, I asked about the church. She said she was a bellringer, and disappeared up the steps to the ringing loft, where sounds of poorly rung bells could be heard.
I went round the church one more time, ending back at the west door, and again all way in were locked.
Sigh.
But there was a runners up prize; a church on the edge of town, in what used to be a village, at Bearsted. THe sat nav told me it was just a ten minute drive away.
So, I drove across town, through the crazy one-ways system, out the other side and along to Bearsted, where there were ancient timber framed houses, so old they had settled over the centuries into strange angles, none of which were right ones.
I found church lane, which wound its way through a modern housing estate, parked outside the churchyard, and I could see a nice "church open" sign before I got out.
Although it looked splendid from the outside, inside it had been reordered at least twice, so that any ancient features were well hidden indeed. Even the glass, usually a rescuing act for over restored churches, were either just average or poor here. But it was my first visit here, so another tick in the box.
I now had to get home, as Jools is joining the speaking circuit, as a lady has asked Jools to lead classes in beaded jewellery making.
I hightailed it back to the motorway, and once on, settled down to cruise back down to Dover and home, getting back at half twelve, with an hour to spare before Jools had to leave for the class.
So, it was just me an the cats for a few hours. There was football to entertain me, so I sat beside Scully on the sofa and watched the Championship game while she dozed beside me.
At three, it was time to concentrate on Norwich away at Millwall, one of six teams above us, and a win here would put us back in the play-offs. It was an exciting game, Millwall took the lead, only for City to level before half time, and then score two more early in the 2nd half. Millwall pulled one back in the last ten minutes, but we hung on to win 3-2.
Not perfect, but a win at the New Den where they had been unbeaten since September. And then, along came Nodge.
Dinner was a rushed one of pizza and iced squash, as we were going out to a gig.
Lawrence was the singer in an indie band in the 80s called Felt. He then formed Denim, an ironic pop band for the 90s, which also stiffed. He now fronts Mozart Estate, which does a fine line in ironic pop. Still.
We drive over th Ramsgate, to a small venue called The Music Hall. We were early, but got in, and went to the bar where we chatted to a couple about our age about music. In fact, most folks were about "our age".
First up was a young female singer/songwriter, who strummed her guitar along to her 6th form poetry.
The hall, which was barley bigger than our living room was about 50% full, but comfortable. We went to find somewhere to sit, thinking that the bar would be empty, only to find it rammed with more people than when we left it half an hour before.
We went to get some air, and finding nowhere to sit, went to the car.
Jools was shattered and fell asleep, and I really did not feel like being rammed into that room unable to see the band, and not able to lean against a wall to rest my back.
I said we'd go home.
So we did.
I don't regret it.
We got back at ten, Jools went to bed, while I had a glass of sloe port.
----------------------------------------------------
One of the widest churches in Kent, dating from the late fourteenth century when it was granted a College of Canons whose buildings still exist nearby. The tower, which stands to the south of the nave, originally had a tall spire, but this was struck by lightning in 1730 and not replaced. The breathtaking scale of the interior - an aisled nave of six bays, chancel and chapels, is somewhat compromised by the severe wooden roofs inserted by John Loughborough Pearson who restored the church in 1886. A good set of Victorian stained glass includes work by Clayton and Bell, Wailes (1861) and Capronnier (1872). The twenty stalls have excellent misericords, mostly showing coats of arms of those associated with the college. Archbishop William Courtenay (d. 1396) is possibly buried in the chancel, and a brass indent to him survives. Set into the fine sedilia is the tomb of John Wotton (d. 1417), the first master of the college. It incorporates a painting of Wotton being presented to Our Lady. Nearby are graffiti associated with the game of noughts and crosses! There are many other monuments including one to John Astley (d. 1639) by court sculptor Edward Marshall. It depicts two men and women in their shrouds. Astley was Master of the Revels to King James and King Charles. There is also a memorial to Sir Charles Booth (d. 1795) signed by Nollekens.
www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Maidstone+1
----------------------------------------------------
THE TOWN AND PARISH OF MAIDSTONE.
SOUTH-WESTWARD from Gillingham, the parish of Boxley only intervening, lies the parish and town of Maidstone, concerning the antient name which writers have greatly differed.
Nennius, in his catalogue of the cities of Britain, tells us, this place was called by the Britons, Caer Meguiad, or as others have it, Megwad, no doubt corruptly for Medwag. Camden, (fn. 1) Burton, (fn. 2) Gale, and some few other historians, have supposed it to have been the Roman station, called by Antonine in his Itinerary, Vagniacœ; a name taken from the river here, at that time called Vaga; for this purpose they read the distances of the second iter of Antonine A Vallo ad portum Ritupis, as follows: A Londinio, Noviomago, M. P. X. Vagniacis, M. P. XVIII. Durobrovi M. P. IX. If this place was the Vagniacæ of the Romans, and the above numbers are right, it is situated much about the above distance from Keston, and not quite so much from Crayford, both which have been conjectured to have been the antient Noviomagus; the distance of it from Durobrovis, or Rochester, will ansswer tolerably well. The word Vagniacœ, is supposed by a learned etymologist, (fn. 3) to have been corrupt written in the Itinerary for Maduicœ, which is the same as Med-wœge in the Saxon, and Madüogüiso, in the British tongue; hence in process of time it can to be called Madis and ad Madum, (fn. 4) the river being called Mada and Madus. The Saxons afterwards called led it Medwegston and Medweaggeston; i.e. Maduiacis oppidum, according to Baxter; in English, Medway's town, which name is written, by contraction, in Domesday, Meddestane, as it is at present Maidstone.
THE PARISH of Maidstone is most advantageously situated near the banks of the river Medway, which directs its course through it, being navigable by the contrivance of locks here and for many miles higher up, as far as Tunbridge town. Over the river here there is an unsightly ancient stone bridge of seven arches, supposed to have been first erected by some of the archbishops, lords of the manor. It was repaired in king James I.'s reign by an assessment on the town and parish, but it still remains both narrow and inconvenient. The town is built on the two opposite hills, rising immediately from the banks of the river, but the principal part is on the eastern one, beyond which the hill rises still further to Pinenden heath, part of which is within this parish, which there joins to those of Boxley and Detling. The soil is exceedingly fertile, being in general a loam, thinly spread over an entire bed of quarry stone, commonly called Kentish rag-stone, excepting towards the eastern parts of it, where it becomes a deep sand; in the south east part of it, about Sheppard's-street and Gould's, there is some coppice wood, beyond which are the hamlets of Broadway, Willington-street, and part of Maginford, within the bounds of this parish. The meadows, on the banks of the Medway, are much subject to be flooded by the sudden risings of it, after heavy rains, to the height of several feet perpendicular, but which as suddenly subside. Above the town the course of the river, though it narrows considerably above the lock, just above the bridge, is yet beautiful, and retains a depth of water of near from twelve to fourteen feet; about a mile above the town, near the hamlets of Upper and Lower Tovil, the stream, which rises at Langley, having supplied a chain of mills, flows into the Medway; the former hamlet is situated on an eminence, commanding a pleasing view; the Ana baptists have, in this romantic and rocky situation, made a burial place for their fraternity. At a small distance higher up the river, though on the opposite bank, is the hamlet of Fant, the principal house of which, called Fant house, is the property of Mr. Fowle, who resides in it; and near it a pleasant seat, close to the river, which belongs to Robert Salmon, esq. of Eyhorne-street. In all this vicinity the banks of the river continue highly ornamented with spread ing oaks, while the country round wears an appearance equal to that of a garden, in its highest state of cultivation. The soil, not only adjoining the town, but throughout the neighbourhood of it, is remarkably kind for hops, orchards of fruit, and plantations of filberds, consequently those, especially of the former round it, are very large, and the crops of them abundant, owing to the peculiar nourishment and warmth afforded to the roots of the plants, from the fibres of them penetrating the crevices of the rock. Great part of the wealth and prosperity of Maidstone has arisen from the hop trade, most of the inhabitants of every degree having some hop ground, and many estates have been raised by them from this commodity, which is supposed to have been planted here about the time of the Reformation; sooner than in any other part of this county.
THE TOWN of Maidstone is pleasantly situated, about the middle of the county, thirty-five miles from London, and somewhat more from Dover. It is happily screened by the surrounding hills, arising from the beautiful vale, through which the Medway runs beneath. It is justly noticed for the dryness of its soil and its excellent water, and consequently for its healthiness, its ascent keeping it continually clean and dry. The state of this town, in queen Elizabeth's reign, may be known by the return made to her in the 8th year of it, of the several places in this county where there were any boats, shipping, &c. by which it appears, that there were then here a mayor and aldermen, houses inhabited, 294; landing places, 4; ships and hoys, 5; one of 30 tons, one of 32, one of 40, and one of 50; and persons wholly occupied in the trade of merchandize, 22; since which this town has been continually increasing in size, inhabitants, and wealth, owing to the introduction of the hop-plant, as has been already noticed, the several charters which have been granted to it, and the navigation of the river Medway; insomuch that the houses are now computed to be in number fifteen hundred, and the population of it is said to have increased at this time to upwards of six thousand inhabitants, near one half of which are non-conformists to the established church, both Presbyterians and Anabaptists, each of whom have their respective meeting houses of worship in the town, which dissension in matters of religion unhappily extends to politics, and from the heat of parties, destroys much of that social intercourse and harmony which would otherwise unite the inhabitants of this flourishing town. The principal parts of it stand on the side of a hill, declining towards the west and south; it extends about a mile from north to south, and not quite three quarters from east to west. It was new paved, lighted, and otherwise improved in 1792, in consequence of an act passed the year before for that purpose; though the buildings in it are in general antient, yet there are several handsome modern ones, inhabited by genteel families; and the spacious breadth of the High-street carries with it a grand and at the same time a lightsome and cheerful appearance. The town consists of four principal streets, which intersect each other at the market cross, having several smaller ones leading out of them. The cross, on the top of this building, which is an octagon, though the name still remains, has been some time since taken down. It is now used for a fishmarket, and was formerly called the Corn cross, hav ing been made use of as a corn market till the upper court-house was built for that purpose about the year 1608, by an assessment on the town.
On account of its convenient situation for transacting the public business of the county, it has long been reputed the county or shire town. Near the upper end of the High-street, which is remarkably spacious, leading down to the bridge, besides the upper court hall above mentioned, is a more modern one, a handsome building of stone and brick, built not many years ago at the joint expence of the corporation and the justices of the western division of the county; the former making use of it to transact their public business in, as the latter do whenever the public business of the county requires the use of it. In it are likewise held the assizes for the county, the general quarter sessions for the western parts of Kent, the county meetings for the choice of candidates, to represent the county in parliament, and every other public business relating to it; which right of the justices and inhabitants of the county, to hold their meetings, &c. in it, was settled at the building of it, by an indenture made between them and the corporation. The street, leading towards Coxheath and the Weald of Kent, is called Stone-street, a name which sufficiently proves the antiquity of this town, and its consequence in the time of the Romans. There are three principal conduits, which are supplied with excellent water, conveyed in pipes from a place called Rocky-hill, in the West Borough, on the opposite side of the Medway, at the charge of the corporation. These are placed very conveniently for the service of the inhabitants, one at the upper end of the High-street, near the market cross; a second lower down, being a high octagon stone building with a clock and dial, having a turret at the top of it, and what is called a fish-bell, which is always rung when any fish is brought to market; the third is placed at the lower end of the town. At a small distance from the south side of this street, about the middle of it, on an eminence close to the Medway, stands the church, the antient archiepiscopal palace, and the remains of the college, each forming conspicuous objects to the neighbouring country westward.
Adjoining to the last mentioned court-hall is the prison belonging to the corporation, formerly called the Brambles. (fn. 5) This prison appears to have belonged antiently to the archbishops of Canterbury, and continued so till archbishop Cranmer, in the 29th year of king Henry VIII. exchanged the prison house of this town with that king. (fn. 6) In king Charles I.'s reign it remained in the king's hands; for by his letters patent, in 1631, he granted the office of keeper of it, and the custody of all prisoners there, to John Collins for his life; who, by his will, in 1644, gave his patent of the king's gaol in Maidstone, with all the irons, implements, fees, and appurtenances to his son of the same name.
The public gaol of the western division of the county of Kent was formerly placed most inconveniently in the very middle of the town, to its great annoyance, where it remained till 1736, when on a petition of its inconvenient situation, near the market place, of its being much decayed, and that there was no gaol for debtors, an act was obtained for erecting another in the room of it, together with a bridewell, in another part of the town. This, after some intermission, was accomplished, and a capacious strong building of stone, with large outlets and conveniences for this purpose, has been erected near the out parts of the town, in East-lane, which has been lately still further strengthened and enlarged at a large expence, at the charge of the western division of the county.
THE MARKET, which was first granted to archbibishop Boniface, by king Henry III. in his 45th year, to be held weekly at his manor here, has been confirmed by the several charters to this town, and is now held weekly on a Thursday, for the sale of all kind of provisions, corn, and hops, toll free, with which the town and its neighbourhood for miles round is most plentifully supplied at a very reasonable rate. The mayor is clerk of the market, and when admitted into his office, is sworn duly to execute that part of it. King George II. by letters patent in 1751, granted to the corporation a market, to be held the second Tuesday in every month yearly, for the buying and selling of all manner of sheep and other cattle whatsoever, which continues to be so held at this time; and there is another market held likewise for the sale of hops yearly, at the time of Michaelmas.
THE FAIRS of this town are held four times yearly, viz. Feb. 13, May 12, June 20, and Oct. 27, for horses, bullocks, and other cattle, as well as for wares, haberdashery, and pedlary; but the last is by far the greatest of them, being resorted to by the country for many miles round. The principal part of these fairs is held on a piece of ground, on the bank of the Medway, called the meadow, though the High-street is covered with them likewise. The above piece of ground formerly belonged to the abbot and convent of Boxley, and on the dissolution of that house, coming to the crown, was granted by king Henry VIII. to Sir Thomas Wyatt, who in a great exchange of land, made by him with that king, in his 32d year, sold to him, among other estates in this parish, the piece of land called Caring, containing sixteen acres, and the profits of the fair yearly there, for standing upon it, in Maidstone. In the parliament of the 11th of king Henry VII. the custody of weights and measures, which were then renewed and appointed according to the standard in the exchequer, was com mitted to this town for the county of Kent, and they have continued to be preserved here to the present time.
There are two considerable manufactories of linen thread carried on in this town, a trade introduced here by the Walloons in the 11th year of queen Elizabeth's reign, at the time they fled from the persecution of the duke d'Alva, and took refuge in England. The Walloon families here in 1634, were about fifty, they are now quite worn out, though there are some names remaining, which seem to have derived their origin from them, though the persons that bear them are ignorant whence they had them. The only remembrance of these Walloons now left is the term which the common people give to the flax spun for the threadmen, which at this day they call Dutch work.
Besides which there has been within these few years a Distillery, erected and carried on here to a very large extent, by Mr. George Bishop, from which is produced the well-known Maidstone Geneva, being of such a magnitude, that no less than seven hundred hogs are kept from the surplus of the grains from it.
There is a department of the customs and an office of excise in this town.
Besides the free grammar school, of which a particular account will be given hereafter, there are two boarding-schools for the education of young ladies, all of them of good repute.
¶The navigation of the river Medway is of the greatest advantage to this town, as a considerable traffic is carried on by it from hence to Rochester, Chatham, and so on to London, and from the several large cornmills here abundance of meal and flour is shipped off for the use of those towns, the dock and navy there, as well as great quantities sent weekly to London. The fulling and paper mills in and near this town, of the latter of which, late Mr. Whatman's, at Boxley, is perhaps equal to any in the kingdom, send all their manufacture hither to be transported from hence by water to London. The vast quantities of timber brought hither from the Weald of Kent and its neighbourhood, by land carriage, as well as water, are conveyed from hence by the navigation of the Medway to the dock at Chatham, and other more distant parts. Besides which there are several large hoys, of fifty tons burthen and upwards, which sail weekly to and from London, for the convenience of this town and the adjacent country.
MAIDSTONE is within the diocese of Canterbury and deanry of Sutton, and is exempt from the jurisdiction of the archdeacon.
The church stands at the western part of the town, on the bank of the river Medway. It was at first dedicated to the Virgin Mary, but when archbishop Courtney had rebuilt the chancel, and refitted the rest of it, on his having obtained a licence in the 19th year of king Richard II. to make it collegiate, he dedicated it anew to All Saints.
The stalls for the master and fellows of the college are still remaining in the chancel, in which the arms of archbishop Courtney appear in several places, but no where in the body of the church, which makes it probable the latter was part of the old parish church of St. Mary, and not rebuilt by the archbishop. The church is a large handsome building, consisting of a nave, great chancel, and two side isles; the roof is lofty, and is covered throughout with lead. At the west end it has a handsome well built tower, on which there was a spire covered with lead, near eighty feet high, which was burnt down by lightning, on Nov. 2, 1730. In the tower were eight bells, a clock, and chimes; the bells, in 1784, were new cast into ten, by Chapman and Mears of London.
In the year 1700, the body of the church was neatly and regularly pewed; on each side is a commodious gallery, one of which was built at the expence of Sir Robert Marsham, bart. then one of the repretatives for this town, and afterwards created lord Romney.
There were antiently in this church numbers of inscriptions on brass plates, as well on the monuments as grave stones, which are now almost torn away. In the middle of the great chancel there is a tomb-stone, raised a little above the pavement, with the marks of the portraiture of a bishop, in his mitre and robes, and of an inscription round it, but the brass of the whole is torn away. This is supposed to be the cenotaph of archbishop Courtney, the founder of this church, for it was the custom in those times for persons of eminent rank and quality to have tombs erected to their memory in more places than one.
The archbishop was son of Hugh Courtney, earl of Devonshire, by Margaret, daughter of Humphry Bohun, earl of Essex and Hereford, accordingly the arms of Courtney and Bohun impaled, are in several parts of this chancel. The archbishop died at his palace in Maidstone, in 1396, and in the first part of his will directed his body to be buried in the cathedral church of Exeter, where he had formerly been a prebendary; afterwards, lying on his death bed, he changed his mind in this point, and holding his body unworthy of burial in his metropolitical, or any other cathedral or collegiate church, he wills to be buried in the church yard of his collegiate church at Maidstone, in the place designed for John Boteler, his esquire; but it appears by a leiger book of Christ church, Canterbury, that king Richard II. happening to be then at Canterbury, when the archbishop was to be buried, perhaps at the request of the monks, overruled the archbishops intention, and commanded his body to be there entombed, where he lies, under a fair monument of alabaster, with his portraiture on it, at the feet of the Black Prince. Thus Somner, Godwin, M. Parker, and Camden; but Weever thinks, notwithstanding the above, that he was buried under his tomb in this chancel of Maidstone.
The rectory of this church, with the chapels of Loose and Detling annexed, was appropriated by archbishop Courtney, by the bull of pope Boniface IX. (fn. 11) with the king's licence, in the 19th year of king Richard II. to his new founded college here, but the patronage of the advowson, it seems, he reserved to himself and his successors; in which state it remained till archbishop Cranmer, in the 29th year of king Henry VIII. exchanged the advowson and patronage of the college and church with the king. (fn. 12)
Upon the dissolution of the college, in the 1st year of king Edward VI. the rectory and advowson became both vested in the crown, and the church was left, through the king's favour, to the inhabitants of this town and parish, as it had been before it was made collegiate, the grant of it, together with the church yard being confirmed to them by the charter granted by king James I. in his 2d year, for their parish church and church yard, for the purpose of divine service, burying the dead, &c. as the same was then used.
Whilst the college remained, the parish found no ill effects from the appropriation of the rectory, as the master and fellows caused divine service to be constantly performed in the church, and the cure of the parish to be properly served; but when the college was dissolved, and the great and small tithes appropriated to it were granted away by the crown, the parishioners suffered much from the scantiness of the provision remaining for a person properly qualified to undertake the cure of so large and populous a parish, a small stipend only with the oblations, obventions, &c. being all that was left for the officiating minister, under the title of perpetual curate. King Edward VI. in his 4th year, granted to Sir Thomas Wyatt, among other premises, this rectory of Maidstone, to (fn. 13) hold in capite by knight's service; but he engaging in a rebellion in the 1st year of queen Mary, forfeited it, with the rest of his estates, to the crown, whence the patronage of the curacy was granted by that queen, in her 6th year, to archbishop cardinal Pool, and she demised the rectory of this church for a term of years to Christopher Roper, esq. (fn. 14) the same being then of the value of 81l. (fn. 15)
Queen Elizabeth, in her 3d year, granted the reversion of this rectory in exchange, among other premises, to Matthew, archbishop of Canterbury, at which time it was valued as follows:
The rectory of Maidstone, with the tenths of the chapels of Loose and Detling, the tenths of Loddington and in Estrey were worth yearly 74l. out of which there was paid to the chief priest of Maidstone, 20l. to his two assistants each, 6l. 13s. 4d. to the curates of Loose and Detling each, 2l. 13s. 4d. in all, 38l. 14s. 4d. notwithstanding these deductions, it does not appear that there was after this more than one appointed to officiate here, to whom the archbishop paid a salary of 10l. per annum.
Archbishop Whitgift, in 1583, augmented the curate's salary 10l. per annum. (fn. 16) Archbishop Juxon, in obedience to the directions of king Charles II. in 1660, for augmenting the maintenance of vicars and curates, made an addition of 37l. 6s. 8d. per annum. (fn. 17) Archbishop Sancroft, among other acts of pious beneficence, granted by lease, in 1677, to Humphry Lynd, curate and preacher of Maidstone, for augmentation of his maintenance, all the small tithes of the borough of Week (fn. 18) and Stone within this parish, the commodities of the church-yard, and one moiety of all the small tithes within the town and borough of Maidstone;h notwithstanding which he has a maintenance by no means proportionable to the greatness of his cure and labour.
Upon a trial in the exchequer in 1707, concerning the curate's right to the vicarage tithes of Lodington, it was suggested, that this curacy was worth three hundred pounds per annum; to which it was replied, that the legal dues were not more than one hundred and sixty pounds per ann. (fn. 19) Lodington is situated between three and four miles from Maidstone, and separated by other parishes intervening; it is said, there was once a chapel in it, situated in a spot now called Glover's garden, where of late years some stones and foundations have been dug up. I believe the curates have not enjoyed these tithes for some time.
The rectory is still part of the revenues of the archbishop, who nominates the perpetual curate of this town and parish.
The curacy is not in charge in the king's books.
In the 37th year of queen Elizabeth, Levin Bufkin was farmer of the rectory, under the archbishop. In 1643, Sir Edward Henden, one of the barons of the exchequer, was lessee of it. In 1741, Thomas Bliss, esq. held the lease of it of the archbishop. It afterwards came into the possession of William Horsmonden Turner, by virtue of the limitation of whose will his interest in it is now vested in William Baldwin, esq. of Harrietsham.
THERE WAS ANOTHER CHURCH, or rather a FREE CHAPEL, dedicated to St. Faith, situated in the northernmost part of the town from that above mentioned, being most probably erected for the use of those inhabitants of this parish, who lived at too great a distance to frequent the other. It seems to have been surrendered up into the king's hands, in conformity to the act of the 1st year of king Edward VI. and, with the church-yard, to have been purchased of the crown afterwards by the inhabitants; but whether then used for religious worship does not appear. Some time afterwards it became part of the estate of the Maplesdens, of whom it was purchased in the reign of king James I. by Arthur Barham, esq. who possessed the manor of Chillington, at which time he acknowledged the right of the corporation to use the chapel of St. Faith for divine service, and the chapelyard for burials, if they thought fit; at present only the chancel is standing, which for many years was used for a place of public worship by the Walloons: upon the dispersing of this congregation, by archbishop Laud in 1634, this chapel was shut up for some small time, when it was again made use of by a congregation of Presbyterians, who continued to meet there till about 1735, when they built themselves a meeting house elsewhere. Part of it is now a dwelling house, and the rest of it was some years converted into an assembly room; it is now made use of as a boarding school for young ladies.
The scite and what remains of this fabric was lately the property of the heirs of Sir Tho. Taylor, bart. of the Park-house. It was afterwards purchased by Mr. Samuel Fullager, gent. the heir of whose son, Mr. Christopher Fullager, of this town, is proprietor of it.
THERE were TWO CHANTRIES founded in this church, one by Robert Vinter, in the reign of king Edward III. who gave two estates in this parish, called Goulds and Shepway, for the support of a priest performing certain divine offices in the church of Maidstone, whence it acquired the name of GOULD'S CHANTRY, a full account of which, and of the possessors of those estates, after its suppression to the present owner of them, the Rt. Hon. Charles lord Romney, has already been given in the description of them.
¶The other chantry was founded by Thomas Arundell, archbishop of Canterbury, in the year 1405, be ing the 7th of king Henry IV. who that year granted his licence to the archbishop, to found two chantries; one of which, of one chaplain, was in this collegiate church, at the altar of St. Thomas the Martyr, to celebrate daily service for his soul, &c. for which the archbishop granted, that he should have a yearly stipend of ten marcs out of Northfleet parsonage. The advowson or donation remained with the several archbishops of Canterbury till archbishop Cranmer, in the 29th year of king Henry VIII. conveyed his right in it to the king, in exchange for other premises. This chantry was dissolved by the act of the 1st year of king Edward VI. at the same time the college itself was suppressed.
Catherine of Alexandria was a Christian martyr initially sentenced to death on the wheel. However, when this failed to kill her, she was beheaded. According to tradition, angels took her remains to Mount Sinai. Around the year 800, monks from the Sinai Monastery found her remains. At this time Egypt was a Muslim country so this Christian monastery in the enormous mountain passes of Sinai could use an Egyptian saint from the Early Church. (Wikipedia)
3xp DRI
In Brooklyn, New York, on September 4th, 2018, on the Coney Island Boardwalk at Stillwell Avenue.
-----------------------
Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names terms:
• Brooklyn (7015822)
• Coney Island (7015849)
• Kings (county) (1002551)
• Long Island (7015899)
• New York (7007567)
Art & Architecture Thesaurus terms:
• boardwalks (300189544)
• capital letters (300055061)
• orange (color) (300126734)
• signs (declatory or advertising artifacts) (300123013)
• trailers (vehicles) (300212903)
Wikidata items:
• 4 September 2018 (Q45921190)
• all caps (Q3960579)
• dot-matrix display (Q1751778)
• LED display (Q2411647)
• New York City Police Department (Q328473)
• Riegelmann Boardwalk (Q4380603)
• September 4 (Q2855)
• September 2018 (Q31179569)
• variable-message sign (Q1500964)
Library of Congress Subject Headings:
• Electric signs (sh85042000)
Sentenced to rot in the Phantom Zone, his armored suit rusted by time, the Space Nemesis finally escapes to take revenge!
This is another illustration I did on the vintage book pages from a dilapidated old Alice in Wonderland book. I used acrylic paints. I bordered the page with a fabric by Robert Kaufman and it looks really keen, see my blog: shebrews.com
experimenting with word as image and making line qualities from handwritten sentences. think there are quotes from monty python. the project was looking at the senses so i took taste, sight, smell, hear. did in 2002.
purchase a copy here: www.clockworkgallery.co.uk/?p=1&a=CW&w=CW06
100 x 60 cm
(approx.) £24.95 per Edition
($ 35.72, € 26.88)
See more here: wordasimage.ning.com/
This is for mags_Tag www.flickr.com/photos/magstag/ who says one of her contacts tells her to read Mrs Dalloway. I say the same. "Marg, you should read Mrs Dalloway!"
Film: Fuji Neopan 1600. Shot and developed as 3200
Developer: D-76 (Stock)
Taken with: Nikon FM2 with Nikkor 45mm 1:2.8
Place: Moscow, Exhibition "Samurai. 47 Ronin"
Gesehen beim Amtsgericht in Schorndorf, Baden-Württemberg. Ein Urteil mit Sofortvollzug ;-)
Lösung: Ein Parkplatzschild beim Schloss. Die Hühner sind zwischen Schlossmauer und Parkplatzschild.
Juli 2013.
Seen at the district court (German = Amtsgericht) in Schorndorf, Baden-Wurttemberg. A judgment with immediate execution ;-)
Resolving: A parking lot sign near the castle with the court. The chickens are between castle wall and parking lot sign.
July, 2013.
It's just still too cold and to o cloudy...and just plain yucky to go out on a photoshoot, at least that's the way I am feeling. My camera was feeling neglected. So, out comes the word cube game! We had some fun here with this a few years back...so here is round two! ; ) (as Mr A to Z, Jason Mraz, says...it's all about the wordplay!)
Arvid Pettersen (b. 1943) - Den nye broen [The new bridge] (1973). In the collection of KODE, Art Museums of Bergen, Norway.
As oil revenues started flooding the Norwegian state coffers in the 1970's, there was a big push by the political and economic establishment to develop the country's transportation infrastructure which, given the particular morphology of Noway with numerous mountains and fjords, inevitably meant lots of bridges, tunnels and tree felling. Like many fellow artists in Norway in that period, Arvid Pettersen was committed to intervene through his art in the political debates on issues such as the over-exploitation of natural resources, the environmental impact of development and the integration into the European Common Market.
Phillis Robinson was charged with stealing money from a person and sentenced to 1 month at Newcastle City Gaol.
Age (on discharge): 34
Height: 5.2½
Hair: Red
Eyes: Blue
Place of Birth: Alnwick
Status: Single
These photographs are of convicted criminals in Newcastle between 1871 - 1873.
Reference:TWAS: PR.NC/6/1/1199
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
To purchase a hi-res copy please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk quoting the title and reference number.
John Scott was sentenced to carry out 6 months in Newcastle City Gaol for stealing lead in 1872.
Age (on discharge): 29
Height: 5.5½
Hair: Brown
Eyes: Grey
Place of Birth: Newcastle
Status: Married
Occupation: Labourer
These photographs are of convicted criminals in Newcastle between 1871 - 1873.
Reference:TWAS: PR.NC/6/1/1214
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
To purchase a hi-res copy please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk quoting the title and reference number.
Please don't post your photos here nor GLITTERY IMAGES. They will be removed. Don't invite me to any group. I will not accept ;-)
Log: 1 3/2/7
"Guardian this is Panther, were in position over"
"Roger that Panther, you may proceed over" said Guardian
Those were the single two sentences that began this op, as well as another journey. My name is Benjamin Locket, I grew up as a someone who couldn't stand evil. No evil in my sight went unnoticed. Others looked down on me for doing good, they never understood the concept of good. I was always ridiculed for helping others. As someone who always wants to help and not to hurt I've found it hard not to protect, that's what motivated me to join the military. I served with the U.S Navy Seals for 5 years. After proving myself a number of times I was given the opportunity to work for the UNSF. The United Nations Special Forces said they need someone with my skills and my background. They said they were not interested in just my skills but my heart. How could I refuse the offer. I gave them everything I had in the missions, I never gave up. That brings me to where I am now. We tracked down a state of the art weapons dealer who worked on a number of secret military projects, then he betrayed us all and started selling weapon blueprints and other hardware to terrorists. My squad has now ambushed him at a secret meeting of his. Mission accomplished. We have him for questioning and now we can find out more about the terrorist groups he sold weapons to. My squad has won it's battle, we live to fight another one. Only time will tell what we have waiting for us. We will defeat whatever evil we face,
For we are the UNSF,
Our country's spear,
Evil is in sight,
And we never miss.
End of log 1......
Hi guys! I have been wanting to do a story with the UNSF for some time now and well, I had some time on my hands so I wrote this :) what do you think?
Thanks,
Pretorian guard
Meaning of defeatism in Hindi
SYNONYMS AND OTHER WORDS FOR defeatism
पराजयवाद→defeatism दब्बूपन→defeatism,lambhood,sheepishness,tameness पराजयवादिता→defeatism हार मान लेने की प्रवृति→defeatism निराशावाद→defeatism
Definition of defeatism
0
Example Sentences of d...
Meaning of defeatism matlab, meaning defeatism hindi, synonyms defeatism hindi
#DefeatismMatlab, #MeaningDefeatismHindi, #SynonymsDefeatismHindi
For no fault of his own, this loving creature, awaits his fate. I'm horrified by the lines of people "dumping" there companion pets at local shelters. Day in, day out. The lines never seem to get shorter.
Norway Declares Death Sentence for 1052 Whales
Sea Shepherd vessel Whales Forever in confrontation
over Norwegian whaling operation in 1994
That other cruel and ecologically insensitive whaling nation Norway has set a kill quota of 1052 whales for 2008.
The quota is the same as last year despite the whalers being unable to find enough whales to meet that quota. The actual kill was 97 whales short of 1052.
The majority of the whales will be taken from the coastal areas around the Barents Sea, Svalbard and the North Sea.
Norway, displaying an incredible ignorance of marine ecology, claims that the piked whales must be killed to protect diminishing fish populations.
Norway claims there are 70,000 piked whales in the North Atlantic although they have not provided any scientific data to support this estimate. If there are 70,000 whales then taking 1,000 will have no significant statistical impact on fish consumption by cetaceans. However, if there are 70,000 whales then why has it been so difficult for the whalers to fill their quota historically?
Presently, Sea Shepherd is engaged in pursuing Japanese whaling vessels in the Southern Oceans Whale Sanctuary off the coast of Antarctica. Critics in Japan have accused Sea Shepherd of ignoring the Norwegian whale kill and focusing only on illegal Japanese whaling. These same critics claim that Sea Shepherd's motivation is racist.
These critics in Japan are ignorant however. The Sea Shepherd Conservation Society considers Norwegian whaling to be as illegal as Japanese whaling. Norway is blatantly killing whales for commercial purposes in defiance of the International Whaling Commission's global moratorium on commercial whaling.
"At least the Norwegians are honest criminals," said Captain Paul Watson. "They don't even pretend to be killing whales for so called ‘scientific research’ like the Japanese."
"However to say that Sea Shepherd ignores Norway to focus on Japan is ridiculous. Sea Shepherd crewmembers have sent a number of Norwegian whalers to the bottom," he continues.
The whaling ship Williamson Senior was scuttled by agents of Agenda 21 in August 2007. Four other whalers were sunk between 1992 and 2007. Norwegian whalers have been forced to pay war insurance premiums to protect their illegal whaling operations.
During the summer of 2007, Sea Shepherd's Operation Ragnarök helped shut down illegal Icelandic whaling operations and Sea Shepherd has been opposing the resumption of whaling by the Makah Indian tribe in the USA since 1995.
"We don't discriminate when it comes to outlaw whaling operations," said Captain Paul Watson. "I don't care what the race or culture of a whaler is; killing whales illegally is unacceptable by anyone, anywhere, for any reason. The enforcement of marine wildlife conservation law is and must be blind to everything but the law."
Long dài, short ngắn, tall cao
Here đây, there đó, which nào, where đâu
Sentence có nghĩa là câu
Lesson bài học, rainbow cầu vồng
Husband là đức ông chồng
Daddy cha bố, please don't xin đừng
Darling tiếng gọi em cưng
Merry vui thích, cái sừng là horn
Rách rồi xài đỡ chữ torn
To sing là hát, a song một bài
Nói sai sự thật to lie
Go đi, come đến, một vài là some
Đứng stand, look ngó, lie nằm
Five năm, four bốn, hold cầm, play chơ
i One life là một cuộc đời
Happy sung sướng, laugh cười, cry kêu
Lover tạm dịch ngừơi yêu
Charming duyên dáng,
mỹ miều graceful
Mặt trăng là chữ the moon
World là thế giới, sớm soon, lake hồ
Dao knife, spoon muỗng, cuốc hoe
Đêm night, dark tối, khổng lồ giant
Fund vui, die chết, near gần
Sorry xin lỗi, dull đần, wise khôn
Burry có nghĩa là chôn
Our souls tạm dịch linh hồn chúng ta
Xe hơi du lịch là car
Sir ngài, Lord đức, thưa bà Madam
Thousand là đúng... mười trăm
Ngày day, tuần week, year năm, hour giờ
Wait there đứng đó đợi chờ
Nightmare ác mộng, dream mơ, pray cầu
Trừ ra except, deep sâu
Daughter con gái, bridge cầu, pond ao
Enter tạm dịch đi vào
Thêm for tham dự lẽ nào lại sai
Shoulder cứ dịch là vai
Writer văn sĩ, cái đài radio
A bowl là một cái tô
Chữ tear nước mắt, tomb mồ, miss cô
Máy khâu dùng tạm chữ sew
Kẻ thù dịch đại là foe chẳng lầm
Shelter tạm dịch là hầm
Chữ shout là hét, nói thầm whisper
What time là hỏi mấy giờ
Clear trong, clean sạch, mờ mờ là dim
Gặp ông ta dịch see him
Swim bơi, wade lội, drown chìm chết trôi
Mountain là núi, hill đồi
Valley thung lũng, cây sồi oak tre
e Tiền xin đóng học school fee
Yêu tôi dùng chữ love me chẳng lầm
To steal tạm dịch cầm nhầm
Tẩy chay boycott, gia cầm poultry
Cattle gia súc, ong bee
Something to eat chút gì để ăn
Lip môi, tongue lưỡi, teeth răng
Exam thi cử, cái bằng licence..
.Lovely có nghĩa dễ thương
Pretty xinh đẹp thường thường so so
Lotto là chơi lô tô
Nấu ăn là cook, wash clothes giặt đồ
Push thì có nghĩa đẩy, xô
Marriage đám cưới, single độc thân
Foot thì có nghĩa bàn chân
Far là xa cách còn gần là near
Spoon có nghĩa cái thìa
Toán trừ subtract, toán chia divide
Dream thì có nghĩa giấc mơ
Month thì là tháng, thời giờ là time
Job thì có nghĩa việc làm
Lady phái nữ, phái nam gentleman
Close friend có nghĩa bạn thân
Leaf là chiếc lá, còn sun mặt trời
Fall down có nghĩa là rơi
Welcome chào đón, mời là invite
Short là ngắn, long là dài
Mũ thì là hat, chiếc hài là shoe
Autumn có nghĩa mùa thu
Summer mùa hạ, cái tù là jail
Duck là vịt, pig là heo
Rich là giàu có, còn nghèo là poor
Crab thì có nghĩa con cua
Church nhà thờ đó, còn chùa temple
Aunt có nghĩa dì, cô
Chair là cái ghế, cái hồ là pool
Late là muộn, sớm là soon
Hospital bệnh viẹn, school là trường
Dew thì có nghĩa là sương
Happy vui vẻ, chán chường weary
Exam có nghĩa kỳ thi
Nervous nhút nhát, mommy mẹ hiền.
Region có nghĩa là miền,
Interupted gián đoạn còn liền next to.
Coins dùng chỉ những đồng xu,
Còn đồng tiền giấy paper money.
Here chỉ dùng để chỉ tại đây,
A moment một lát còn ngay ringht now,
Brothers-in-law đồng hao.
Farm-work đòng áng, đồng bào
Fellow-countryman
Narrow-minded chỉ sự nhỏ nhen,
Open-hended hào phóng còn hèn là mean.
Vẫn còn dùng chữ still,
Kỹ năng là chữ skill khó gì!
Gold là vàng, graphite than chì.
Munia tên gọi chim ri
Kestrel chim cắt có gì khó đâu.
Migrant kite là chú diều hâu
Warbler chim chích, hải âu petrel
Stupid có nghĩa là khờ,
Đảo lên đảo xuống, stir nhiều nhiều
How many có nghĩa bao nhiêu.
Too much nhiều quá, a few một vài
Right là đúng, wrong là sai
Chess là cờ tướng, đánh bài playing card
Flower có nghĩa là hoa
Hair là mái tóc, da là skin
Buổi sáng thì là morning
King là vua chúa, còn Queen nữ hoàng
Wander có nghĩa lang thang
Màu đỏ là red, màu vàng yellow
Yes là đúng, không là no
Fast là nhanh chóng,slow chậm rì
Sleep là ngủ, go là đi
Weakly ốm yếu healthy mạnh lành
White là trắng, green là xanh
Hard là chăm chỉ , học hành study
Ngọt là sweet, kẹo candy
Butterfly là bướm, bee là con ong
River có nghĩa dòng sông
Wait for có nghĩa ngóng trông đợi chờ
Dirty có nghĩa là dơ Bánh mì bread, còn bơ butter
Bác sĩ thì là doctor
Y tá là nurse, teacher giáo viê
n Mad dùng chỉ những kẻ điên
, Everywhere có nghĩa mọi miền gần xa.
A song chỉ một bài ca.
Ngôi sao dùng chữ star, có liền!
Firstly có nghĩa trước tiên
Silver là bạc, còn tiền money
Biscuit thì là bánh quy
Can là có thể, please vui lòng
Winter có nghĩa mùa đông
Iron là sắt còn đồng copper
Kẻ giết người là killer
Cảnh sát police, lawyer luật sư
Emigrate là di cư
Bưu điện post office, thư từ là mail
Follow có nghĩa đi theo
Shopping mua sắm còn sale bán hàng
Space có nghĩa không gian
Hàng trăm hundred, hàng ngàn thousand
Stupid có nghĩa ngu đần
Thông minh smart, equation phương trình
Television là truyền hình
Băng ghi âm là tape, chương trình program
Hear là nghe watch là xem
Electric là điện còn lamp bóng đèn
Praise có nghĩa ngợi khen
Crowd đông đúc, lấn chen hustle
Capital là thủ đô
City thành phố, local địa phương
Country có nghĩa quê hương
Field là đồng ruộng còn vườn garden
Chốc lát là chữ moment
Fish là con cá, chicken gà tơ
Naive có nghĩa ngây thơ
Poet thi sĩ, great writer văn hào
Tall thì có nghĩa là cao
Short là thấp ngắn, còn chào hello
Uncle là bác, elders cô.
Shy mắc cỡ, coarse là thô.
Come on có nghĩa mời vô,
Go away đuổi cút, còn vồ pounce.
Poem có nghĩa là thơ,
Strong khoẻ mạnh, mệt phờ dog-tiered.
Bầu trời thường gọi sky,
Life là sự sống còn die lìa đời
Shed tears có nghĩa lệ rơi
Fully là đủ, nửa vời by halves
Ở lại dùng chữ stay,
Bỏ đi là leave còn nằm là lie.
Tomorrow có nghĩa ngày mai
Hoa sen lotus, hoa lài jasmine
Madman có nghĩa người điên
Private có nghĩa là riêng của mình
Cảm giác là chữ feeling
Camera máy ảnh hình là photo
Động vật là animal
Big là to lớn, little nhỏ nhoi
Elephant là con voi
Goby cá bống, cá mòi sardine
Mỏng mảnh thì là chữ thin
Cổ là chữ neck, còn chin cái cằm
Visit có nghĩa viếng thăm
Lie down có nghĩa là nằm nghỉ ngơi
Mouse con chuột, bat con dơi
Separate có nghĩa tách rời, chia ra
Gift thì có nghĩa món quà
Guest thì là khách chủ nhà house owner
Bệnh ung thư là cancer
Lối ra exit, enter đi vào
Up lên còn xuống là down
Beside bên cạnh, about khoảng chừng
Stop có nghĩa là ngừng
Ocean là biển, rừng là jungle
Silly là kẻ dại khờ, Khôn ngoan smart, đù đờ luggish
Hôn là kiss, kiss thật lâu.
Cửa sổ là chữ window
Special đặc biệt normal thường thôi
Lazy... làm biếng quá rồi
Ngồi mà viết tiếp một hồi die soon
Hứng thì cứ việc go on,
Còn không stop ta còn nghỉ ngơi!
The Port Arthur massacre of 28–29 April 1996 was a mass shooting in which 35 people were killed and 23 wounded in Port Arthur, Tasmania. The murderer, Martin Bryant, pleaded guilty for the incident and was given 35 life sentences without possibility of parole. It is the deadliest mass shooting in Australian history. Fundamental changes of gun control laws within Australia followed the incident. The case is regarded to be amongst the most notable massacres in Australia's history.
Location
The main location of the incident was the historic Port Arthur former prison colony, a popular tourist site in south-eastern Tasmania, Australia.
Perpetrator
See also: Martin Bryant
In 1992, Martin Bryant - then 25 - was bequeathed about $570,000 in property and assets from a friend, Helen Harvey, who left her estate to him following her death in a car crash.[6] He used part of this money to go on many trips around the world from 1993 onwards.[7] Bryant also withdrew many thousands of dollars during this period. He used at least some of this money in late 1993 to purchase an AR-10 semi-automatic rifle through a newspaper advertisement in Tasmania.
Bryant's father had tried to purchase a bed and breakfast property called Seascape, but Noelene (also known as Sally) and David Martin bought this property before his father could ready his finances, much to the disappointment of Bryant's father, who often complained to his son of the "double dealing" the Martins had done to secure the purchase. Bryant's father offered to buy another property from the Martins at Palmers Lookout Road, but they declined the offer. Bryant apparently believed the Martins had deliberately bought the property to hurt his family and believed this event to be responsible for the depression that led to his father's 1993 suicide. Bryant later described the Martins as "very mean people" and as "the worse [sic] people in my life."
In late 1995, Bryant became suicidal after deciding he had "had enough". He stated, "I just felt more people were against me. When I tried to be friendly toward them, they just walked away". Although he had previously been little more than a social drinker, his alcohol consumption increased and, although he had not consumed any alcohol on that day, had especially escalated in the six months prior to the massacre.
In March 1996, Bryant had his AR-10 repaired at a gun shop and made inquiries about AR-15 rifles in other gun shops. At the time of purchase, non-handguns were not required to be registered in Tasmania.
According to Bryant, he thought the plan for Port Arthur may have first occurred to him four to 12 weeks before the event.[8][9]
Motivation
Bryant's motivation for the massacre remains a closely guarded secret, known only to his lawyer, who is bound not to reveal confidences without his client's consent. The lawyer later released a book outlining that Bryant was motivated largely by the media reports of the then-recent Dunblane school massacre. From the moment he was captured, he continually wanted to know how many people he had killed and seemed impressed by the number. Bryant is only allowed to listen to music on a radio outside his cell, and is denied access to any news reports of his massacre. Photographers allowed in to take pictures of him in his prison cell were forced to destroy the film in his presence when the Governor found out
Gun laws in Australia before the Port Arthur massacre[edit]
A redesign of the laws for all States and Territories of Australia had been finished[by whom?] and presented at a meeting of police ministers in Launceston in 1995. It had been rejected by Tasmania.
Attacks
28 April 1996
The events of this day were pieced together after investigation by police. The facts were then presented in court on 19 November 1996.
Morning events
Bryant was awakened at 6:00 a.m. by his alarm clock. His girlfriend and other family members said he had never been known to use it since he did not work and had no other commitments. At 8:00 a.m., his girlfriend left the house to visit her parents. Bryant left the house and switched on the burglar alarm, which registered the time as 9:47 a.m.
Bryant travelled to Forcett, arriving some time around 11:00 a.m. He continued down to Port Arthur and was seen driving into Seascape down the Arthur Highway around 11:45 a.m. He stopped at the Seascape guest accommodation site (43.11888°S 147.85326°E[15]) that his father had wanted to purchase, owned by David and Noelene Martin. Bryant went inside and fired several shots, then gagged David Martin and stabbed him. Witnesses testified to different numbers of shots fired at this time. It was stated in court that it was believed that this was the time that Bryant killed the Martins, his first two victims.
A couple stopped at Seascape and Bryant met them outside. When they asked if they could have a look at the accommodation, Bryant told them that they could not because his parents were away and his girlfriend was inside. His demeanour was described as quite rude and the couple felt uncomfortable. They left at about 12:35 p.m.
Bryant drove to Port Arthur, taking the keys to the Seascape properties after locking the doors. Bryant stopped at a car which had pulled over from overheating and talked with two people there. He suggested that they come to the Port Arthur café for some coffee later.
He travelled past the Port Arthur historic site toward a Palmer's Lookout Road property owned by the Martins, where he came across Roger Larner. Larner had met him on some occasions more than 15 years before. Bryant told Larner he had been surfing and had bought a property called Fogg Lodge and was now looking to buy some cattle from Larner. Bryant also made several comments about buying the Martins' place next door. He asked if Marian Larner was home, and asked if he could continue down the driveway of the farm to see her. Larner said OK, but told Bryant he would come also. "Bryant then responded that he might go to Nubeena first" and he was going to return in the afternoon.
Port Arthur Historic Site
Port Arthur Bay, Port Arthur, was the location of most of the shootings
At around 1:10 p.m., Bryant got in line at the toll booth at the entrance to the historic site. He paid the entry fee and proceeded to park near the Broad Arrow Café, near the water's edge. The site security manager told him to park with the other cars because that area was reserved for camper-vans and the car park was very busy that day. Bryant moved his car to another area and sat in his car for a few minutes. He then moved his car back near the water, outside the café. The security manager saw him go up to the café carrying a "sports-type bag" and a video camera, but ignored him. Bryant went into the café and purchased a meal, which he ate on the deck outside. He attempted to start conversations with people about the lack of "WASPs" in the area and there not being as many Japanese tourists as usual. He appeared nervous and "quite regularly" looked back to the car-park and into the café.
Broad Arrow Café murders
Bryant finished his meal, walked into the café and returned his tray, assisted by some people who opened the door for him. He put his bag down on a table and pulled out of it a Colt AR-15 SP1 Carbine with a Colt scope and one 30-round magazine attached. The bag also contained, among other things, the knife he had used to stab Martin. It is believed the Colt magazine was partially emptied from the shootings at Seascape.
The café was very small, with the tables very close together, and was particularly busy that day, with many people waiting for the next ferry. The following events happened extremely quickly. Bryant took aim from his hip and pointed his rifle at Moh Yee (William) Ng and Sou Leng Chung, who were visiting from Malaysia and were seated at a table beside Bryant. He shot them at close range, killing both instantly. Bryant then fired a shot at Mick Sargent, grazing his scalp and knocking him to the floor. He fired a fourth shot that killed Sargent's girlfriend, 21-year-old Kate Elizabeth Scott, by hitting her in the back of the head.
A 28-year-old New Zealand winemaker, Jason Winter, had been helping the busy café staff. As Bryant turned towards Winter's wife Joanne and their 15-month-old son Mitchell, Winter threw a serving tray at Bryant in an attempt to distract him. Joanne Winter's father pushed his daughter and grandson to the floor and under the table.
The café structure in 2015. A memorial garden has been established at the site.
44-year-old Anthony Nightingale stood up after the sound of the first shots, but had no time to move. Nightingale yelled "No, not here!" as Bryant pointed the weapon at him. As Nightingale leaned forward, he was fatally shot through the neck and spine.
The next table had held a group of ten friends, but some had just left the table to return their meal trays and visit the gift shop. Bryant fired one shot that killed Kevin Vincent Sharp, 68.The second hit Walter Bennett, 66, passed through his body and struck Raymond John Sharp, 67, Kevin Sharp's brother, killing both.The three had their backs towards Bryant, and were unaware what was happening — they at first believed someone was letting off firecrackers. One of them made the comment "That's not funny" after hearing the first few shots, not realising that they were real. The shots were all close range, with the gun at, or just inches away from, the back of their heads. Gerald Broome, Gaye Fidler and her husband John were all struck by bullet fragments, but survived.
Bryant then turned towards Tony and Sarah Kistan and Andrew Mills.[16] Both men stood up at the noise of the initial shots, but had no time to move away. Andrew Mills was shot in the head. Tony Kistan was also shot from about two metres away, also in the head, but had managed to push his wife away prior to being shot. Sarah Kistan was apparently not seen by Bryant, as she was under the table by that time.
Thelma Walker and Pamela Law were injured by fragments before being dragged to the ground by their friend, Peter Crosswell, as the three sheltered underneath the table. Also injured by fragments from these shots was Patricia Barker.
It was only then that the majority of the people in the café began to realise what was happening and that the shots were not from a reenactment at the historical site. At this point, there was great confusion, with many people not knowing what to do, as Bryant was near the main exit.
Bryant moved just a few metres and began shooting at the table where Graham Colyer, Carolyn Loughton and her daughter Sarah were seated. Colyer was severely injured in the jaw, nearly choking to death on his own blood. Sarah Loughton ran towards her mother, who had been moving between tables. Carolyn Loughton threw herself on top of her daughter. Bryant shot Carolyn Loughton in the back; her eardrum was ruptured by the muzzle blast from the gun going off beside her ear. She survived her injuries, but learned after she came out of surgery that, despite her efforts, Sarah had been fatally shot in the head.
Bryant pivoted around and shot Mervyn Howard who was seated. The bullet passed through him, through a window of the café, and hit a table on the outside balcony. Bryant quickly followed up with a shot to the neck of Mervyn Howard's wife, Mary.[16] Bryant then leaned over a vacant baby stroller and pointed the gun at her head and shot her a second time. Both of the Howards' injuries were fatal.
Bryant was near the exit, preventing others from attempting to run past him and escape. Bryant moved across the café towards the gift shop area. There was an exit door through the display area to the outside balcony, but it was locked and could only be opened with a key. As Bryant moved, Robert Elliott stood up. He was shot in the arm and head, left slumping against the fireplace but alive.
All of these events, from the first bullet that killed Ng, took approximately 15–30 seconds, during which twelve people were killed and ten more wounded.
Gift shop murders[edit]
Bryant moved toward the gift shop area, giving many people time to hide under tables and behind shop displays. He fatally shot the two local women who worked in the gift shop: 17-year-old Nicole Burgess, in the head, and 26-year-old Elizabeth Howard, in the arm and chest.
Coralee Lever and Vera Jary hid behind a hessian (burlap) screen with others. Lever's husband Dennis was fatally shot in the head.Pauline Masters, Vera Jary's husband Ron, and Peter and Carolyn Nash had attempted to escape through a locked door but could not. Peter Nash lay down on top of his wife to hide her from Bryant. Bryant moved into the gift shop area where several people, trapped with nowhere to go, were crouched down in the corners. Gwen Neander, trying to make it to the door, was shot in the head and killed.
Bryant saw movement in the café and moved near the front door. He shot at a table and hit Peter Crosswell, who was hiding under it, in the buttock. Jason Winter, hiding in the gift shop, thought Bryant had left the building and made a comment about it to people near him before moving out into the open. Bryant saw him, with Winter stating "No, no" just prior to being shot, the bullet hitting his hand, neck and chest. A second shot to the head proved fatal to Winter. Fragments from those shots struck American tourist Dennis Olson, who had been hiding with his wife Mary and Winter. Dennis Olson suffered fragment injuries to his hand, scalp, eye and chest, but survived.
It is not immediately clear what happened next, although at some point, Bryant reloaded his weapon. Bryant walked back to the café and then returned to the gift shop, this time looking down to another corner of the shop where he found several people hiding in the corner. He walked up to them and shot Ronald Jary through the neck, then Peter Nash and Pauline Masters, killing all three. He did not see Carolyn Nash, who was lying under her husband. Bryant aimed his gun at an unidentified Asian man, but the rifle's magazine was empty. Bryant then quickly moved to the gift shop counter, where he reloaded his rifle, leaving an empty magazine on the service counter, and left the building.
Up to this time, Bryant had killed 22 people and injured 12.
Car park murders
During the café shooting, some staff members had been able to escape through the kitchen and alerted people outside. There were a number of coaches outside with lines of people, many of whom began to hide in the buses or in nearby buildings. Others did not understand the situation or were unsure where to go. Some people believed there was some sort of historical reenactment happening, and moved towards the area.
Ashley John Law, a site employee, was moving people away from the café into the information centre when Bryant fired at him from 50–100 metres (50–110 yards) away. The bullets missed Law and hit some trees nearby.
Bryant then moved towards the coaches. One of the coach drivers, Royce Thompson, was shot in the back as he was moving along the passengers' side of a coach. He fell to the ground and was able to crawl, then roll under the bus to safety, but later died of his wounds. Brigid Cook was trying to guide a number of people down between the buses and along the jetty area to cover. Bryant moved to the front of this bus and walked across to the next coach. People had quickly moved from this coach towards the back end, in an attempt to seek cover. As Bryant walked around it, he saw people scrambling to hide and shot at them. Brigid Cook was shot in the right thigh, causing the bone to fragment, the bullet lodging there. A coach driver, Ian McElwee, was hit by fragments of Miss Cook's bone. Both were able to escape and survived.
Bryant then quickly moved around another coach and fired at another group of people. Winifred Aplin, running to get to cover behind another coach, was fatally shot in the side. Another bullet grazed Yvonne Lockley's cheek, but she was able to enter one of the coaches to hide, and survived.
Some people then started moving away from the car park towards the jetty. But someone shouted that Bryant was heading that way, so they tried to double back around the coaches to where Brigid Cook had been shot. Bryant doubled back to where Janet and Neville Quin, who owned a wildlife park on the east coast of Tasmania, were beginning to move toward Mason Cove and away from the buses. Bryant shot Janet Quin in the back, where she fell, unable to move, near Royce Thompson.
Bryant then continued along the car park as people tried to escape along the shore. Doug Hutchinson was attempting to get into a coach when he was shot in the arm. He quickly ran around the front of the coach, and then along the shore to the jetty and hid.
Bryant then went to his vehicle, which was just past the coaches, and changed weapons to the self loading rifle. He fired at Denise Cromer, who was near the penitentiary ruins. Gravel flew up in front of her as the bullets hit the ground. Bryant then got in his car and sat there for a few moments before getting out again and going back to the coaches. Some people were taking cover behind cars in the car park, but because of the elevation, Bryant could see them and the cars did not provide much cover. When they realized Bryant had seen them, they ran into the bush. He fired several shots. At least one hit a tree behind which someone was taking cover, but no one was hit.
Bryant moved back to the buses where Janet Quin lay injured from the earlier shot. Bryant shot her in the back, then left; she later died from her wounds. Bryant then went onto one of the coaches and fired a shot at Elva Gaylard who was hiding inside, hitting her in the arm and chest and killing her. At an adjacent coach, Gordon Francis saw what happened and moved down the aisle to try to shut the door of the coach he was on. He was seen by Bryant and shot from the opposite coach. He survived, but needed four major operations.
Neville Quin, husband of Janet, had escaped to the jetty area, but returned to look for his wife. He had been forced to leave her earlier after Bryant shot her. Bryant exited the coach and, spotting Quin, chased him around the coaches. Bryant fired at him at least twice before Quin ran onto a coach. Bryant entered the coach and pointed the gun at Neville Quin's face, saying, "No one gets away from me" Mr Quin ducked when he realised Bryant was about to pull the trigger. The bullet missed his head but hit his neck, momentarily paralysing him. After Bryant left, Quin managed to find his wife, although she later died in his arms. Neville Quin was eventually taken away by helicopter and survived.
Bryant fired at James Balasko, a U.S. citizen, hitting a nearby car. Balasko had been attempting to film the shooter. Many people, unable to use their parked cars, were hiding or running along Jetty Road and did not know where Bryant was because the gunfire was extremely loud and difficult to pinpoint.
At this time, Bryant had killed 26 people and injured 18.
Toll booth murders and carjacking[edit]
Bryant then got back into his car and left the car park. Witnesses say he was sounding the horn and waving as he drove. Bryant drove along Jetty Road towards the toll booth where a number of people were running away. Bryant passed by at least two people.
Ahead of him were Nanette Mikac and her children, Madeline, 3, and Alannah, 6.[19] Nanette was carrying Madeline, and Alannah was running slightly ahead. By this point, they had run approximately 600 metres (660 yd) from the car park.[19] Bryant opened his door and slowed down. Mikac moved towards the car, apparently thinking he was offering them help in escaping. Several more people witnessed this from further down the road. Someone recognised him as the gunman and yelled out "It's him!"[19] Bryant stepped out of the car, put his hand on Nanette Mikac's shoulder and told her to get on her knees.[19] She did so, saying, "Please don't hurt my babies" Bryant shot her in the temple, killing her. Next, he fired a shot at Madeline, which hit her in the shoulder, then shot her fatally through the chest.[19] Bryant shot twice at Alannah, as she ran behind a tree, missing.[19] He then walked up, pressed the barrel of the gun into her neck and fired, killing her instantly.
Bryant fired at some people hiding in a bush, but missed. Having seen the murders of the children, some people further up the road began running. They told drivers of cars coming down the road to go back. The people thought Bryant would head up the road, so instead they proceeded on foot down a dirt side road and hid in the bush. The cars reversed up the road to the toll booth.
Bryant drove up to the toll booth, where there were several vehicles, and blocked a 1980 BMW 7 Series (E23) owned by Mary Rose Nixon.[19] Inside were Nixon, driver Russell James Pollard and passengers Helene and Robert Graham Salzmann An argument with Robert Salzmann ensued, and Bryant took out his rifle and shot Salzmann at point-blank range, killing him. Pollard emerged from the BMW and went towards Bryant, who shot him in the chest, killing him.[19] More cars then arrived, but seeing this, the drivers were quickly able to reverse back up the road. Bryant then moved to the BMW and pulled Nixon and Helene Salzmann from the car and shot them dead, dragging their bodies onto the road. Bryant transferred ammunition, handcuffs, the AR-15 rifle and a fuel container to the BMW. Mary Nixon, Russell Pollard, Helene Salzmann and Robert Salzmann are the people Bryant was charged with killing at the toll booth.
Another car then came towards the toll booth and Bryant shot at it. The driver, Graham Sutherland, was hit with glass. A second bullet hit the driver's door. Sutherland quickly reversed back up the road and left. Bryant then got into the BMW, leaving behind his Volvo 244, including his Daewoo shotgun and hundreds of rounds of ammunition.
At this point, Bryant had killed 33 and injured 19.
Service station murder and abduction[edit]
Graham Sutherland, who had just been shot at in his car, reversed back up the road and drove to the service station close by, where he tried to inform people what was happening. Bryant drove up to the service station and cut off a white Toyota Corolla that was attempting to exit onto the highway. Glenn Pears was driving, with girlfriend Zoe Hall in the passenger seat. Bryant quickly exited the car with his rifle in hand and tried to pull Hall from the car. Pears got out of the car and approached Bryant. Bryant pointed the gun at Pears and pushed him backwards, eventually directing him into the now open boot of the BMW, locking Pears inside.
Bryant then moved back to the passenger side of the Corolla as Hall attempted to climb over to the driver's seat.[19] Bryant raised his rifle and fired three shots, killing her.[19] Many people around the service station witnessed this and ran to hide in nearby bushland. The service station attendant told everyone to lie down and he locked the main doors. He grabbed his rifle, but by the time he could retrieve some ammunition and load his gun, Bryant had left in the BMW. A police officer arrived several minutes later and then set out in pursuit of Bryant.
Zoe Hall was the 34th victim killed.
Seascape roadway
As Bryant drove down to Seascape, he shot at a red Ford Falcon coming the other way, smashing its front windscreen.[19] Upon arriving at Seascape, he got out of his car. A Holden Frontera 4WD vehicle then approached Seascape along the road. Those in the vehicle saw Bryant with his gun, but believed him to be rabbit hunting and actually slowed down as they passed him. Bryant fired into the car; the first bullet hit the bonnet and broke the throttle cable. He fired at least twice more into the car as it passed, breaking the windows. One bullet hit the driver, Linda White, in the arm. The car was going downhill so it was able to roll down the road out of sight around a corner, despite its broken throttle cable. White swapped seats with her boyfriend, Michael Wanders, who attempted to drive the car, but was unable to, because of the broken throttle cable.
Another vehicle then drove down the road, carrying four people. It was not until they were almost adjacent to Bryant that they realised he was carrying a gun. Bryant shot at the car, smashing the windscreen. Douglas Horner was wounded by pieces of the windscreen.[19] The car proceeded ahead where White and Wanders tried to get in, but Horner did not realise the situation and drove on. When they saw that White had been shot, they came back and picked them up. Both parties then continued down to a local establishment called the Fox and Hound, where they called police.
Yet another car drove past and Bryant shot at it, hitting the passenger, Susan Williams, in the hand.[19] The driver, Simon Williams, was struck by fragments.[19] The driver of another approaching vehicle saw this and reversed back up the road. Bryant also fired at this car, hitting it but not injuring anyone. Bryant then got back into the BMW and drove down the Seascape driveway to the house where the Martins, his first victims, lay dead.
Sometime after he stopped, Bryant removed Pears from the boot and handcuffed him to a stair rail within the house.[19] At some point, he also set the BMW on fire.[19] He is believed to have arrived at the house by about 2:00 p.m.
29 April 1996
Capture
Bryant was captured the following morning, when a fire started in the guest house, presumably set by Bryant.[21] Bryant taunted police to "come and get him", but the police, believing the hostage was already dead, decided that the fire would eventually bring Bryant out. Bryant eventually ran out of the house with his clothes on fire, suffering burns to his back and buttocks. He was arrested and taken to hospital for treatment.
It was discovered that Glenn Pears had been shot during or before the standoff and had died before the fire. The remains of the Martins were also found. It was also determined they had been shot, and that Noelene Martin had suffered blunt-force trauma. They both died before the fire; witness accounts of the gunfire, as presented to the Supreme Court of Tasmania, place the time of death of David and Noelene Martin as being approximately noon on 28 April. One weapon was found burnt in the house, and the other on the roof of the adjacent building where police believed they had seen Bryant the night before. Both weapons had suffered from massive chamber blast pressure, possibly from the heat of the house fire.
The Uighurs are a very welcoming Muslim Turkic ethnic group living in Eastern and Central Asia. About 7,2 millions of them live in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region at the western extremity of China. Though the Uyghur identity remains fragmented, Uyghur activists like Rebiya Kadeer mainly try to garner international support for the "rights and interests of the Uyghurs", including the right to demonstrate, although the Chinese government has accused her of orchestrating the deadly July 2009 Urumqi riots. Six Uyghur men were sentenced to death after the riots. Uyghurs are classified as a National Minority rather than an indigenous group and thus have no special rights to the land under the law. As a result of Han immigration and government policies, Uyghurs' freedoms of religion and of movement are curtailed. Tensions between Uyghurs and Han have resulted in several instances of violence and ethnic clashes.
© Eric Lafforgue
Ann Wood was sentenced to do 2 months in prison after being caught stealing money.
Age (on discharge): 30
Height: 5.3½
Hair: Brown
Eyes: Blue
Place of Birth: Cramlington
Status: Married
These photographs are of convicted criminals in Newcastle between 1871 - 1873.
Reference:TWAS: PR.NC/6/1/1145
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of The Commons. Please cite 'Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums' when reusing. Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply though; if you're unsure please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk.
To purchase a hi-res copy please email archives@twmuseums.org.uk quoting the title and reference number
I'm doing my best impersonation of a truncated sentence. Here I am trying to explain it to my senior class who swear that they've never heard of it.
Except for the green footless tights from 'Sportsgirl', everything is Thrifted & Remixed - animal print wrap dress, tourist scarf of Venice & YSL flats.
This is a leaf from a Thomas Aquinas "Commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard" that was produced in Italy during the second half of the fifteenth century.
The text is from Book I, Distinctio XIX, from Question IV at the end of Articulus I, followed by the Solutio to that Articulus, Articulus II followed by its Solutio and Questio V “Circa secundam” followed by the beginning of its Articulus I.
The size of the leaf is 288mm x 212mm (11 3/10ins. x 8 3/10ins.).
PROVENANCE: -
From a manuscript that was number 12 in an American bookseller's catalogue at a time when it had 309 leaves. Single leaves emerged in Otto Ege “Original Leaves from Medieval Manuscripts …. Copiously Annotated”, Cleveland, mid 1940's, no. 26 at $4 each.
Gwara Handlist 40.
GENERAL COMMENTS: -
With the exception of two age related marks on the verso this is a superb, clean, leaf containing a superb script that was influenced by the model of Petrarch's handwriting. It is a handsome leaf from an important text of the Middle Ages crowning several centuries of study in Biblical exegesis, doctrine and Canon Law.
THOMAS AQUINAS: -
Born in Lombardy and educated by the Benedictines at Monte Casino, in about 1239 he went to the University of Naples where the Dominican Friars in whose Order he enrolled in 1244 impressed him. He was ordained in 1250 in Cologne.
After studying at Paris he became a teacher there and wrote various commentaries. He then went to teach in several Italian cities before returning to Paris but in 1272 Naples demanded him back. It was there on 6th. December 1273 that he experienced a devine revelation so wonderful that he left his great Summa Theologica incomplete, saying that all his writings were like so much straw compared to the glory which had been shown to him. He died on 7th. March 1274.
PETER LOMBARD AND HIS “SENTENCES”: -
Peter Lombard, a scholastic theologian of the twelfth century, was commonly known as "the Lombard" after his birthplace which actually was probably Novara. It is expected that he then moved to Lombardy approximately after his birth in 1105-1110 CE He died in Paris, France about 1160 (1164). Although his family was poor, he found powerful patrons such as St. Bernard, that enabled him to gain a higher education at Bologna, then at Reims in France, and finally in Paris. In Paris, Peter taught theology in the cathedral school of Notre Dame, and it was there he found the time to produce the works discussed later in this article. Their dates can be only approximately fixed. The most famous of them, the Libri quatuor sententiarum , was probably composed between 1147 and 1150, although it may be placed as late as 1155. Nothing is certainly known of his later life except that be became bishop of Paris in 1159. According to Walter of St. Victor, a hostile witness, Peter obtained the office by simony; the more usual story is that Philip, younger brother of Louis VII, and archdeacon of Paris, was elected but declined in favour of Peter, his teacher. The date of his death can not be determined with certainty. The ancient epitaph in the church of St. Marcel at Paris assigns it to 1164, but the figures seem to be a later addition. The demonstrable fact that Maurice of Sully was bishop before the end of 1160 seems conclusive against it, although it is possible that in that year he resigned his see and lived three or four years longer.
The historic importance of Peter Lombard rests on his Sentences and the position taken by them in medieval philosophy. The earlier dogmatic theologians, such as Isidore of Seville, Alcuin, and Paschasius Radbert, had attempted to establish the doctrine of the Church from Bible texts and quotations from the Fathers. In the eleventh century this method gave place to dialectical and speculative working over of the traditional dogmas. Peter Lombard came into the field at a time when the new methods and their dialectical artifices were still exposed to wide-spread objection, but when the thirst for knowledge was exceedingly keen. One text-book after another was being published, the majority of them either issuing from the school of Abelard, or in some degree inspired by him. Of these works the greatest influence was attained by that of Peter, which was, for the time, an admirable compendium of theological knowledge. It is written under the influence pre-eminently of Abelard, Hugo of St. Victor, and the Decretum of Gratian. Whether Peter had himself seen the early writers whom he cites is frequently uncertain. As to his contemporaries, whom he knew thoroughly, he shows the influence of Abelard in his whole method and in countless details, while preserving a critical attitude toward his most pronounced peculiarities. On the other hand, he follows Hugo very closely and often textually, though here also with a tendency to avoid the purely speculative elements. For his sacramental doctrine, Gratian is very useful, especially through the quotations adduced by him and his legal attitude toward these questions.
( July 1, 2010 ) Senator-elect Vicente "Tito" Sotto III takes his oath of office before Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Reynato Corona.
In line with his campaign promise, Senator Sotto commenced his legislative initiatives as he filed recently Senate Bills seeking for the creation of Special Drug Courts and a National Penitentiary for drug crimes which shall be deliberated upon in the 15th Congress slated to open on July 26,2010.
July 3, 2010 Compiled news clipping from Manila Bulletin on-line
DFA airs concern on rising OFW drug cases
By MADEL R. SABATER
The Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) expressed concern on Saturday on Filipinos continuously being used as “drug mules” following the recent arrest of three Filipinas in Hong Kong and Macau.
According to the Philippine Consulate-General (PCG) in Macau, a Filipina was arrested last June 26 for allegedly smuggling almost one kilogram of drugs hidden in three pairs of sports shoes in her luggage.
Consul-General to Macau Renato Villapando said the DFA is concerned with the increasing number of Filipinos serving sentences in Macau for drug trafficking. Currently, 17 Filipinos are detained in Macau.
He stressed that the DFA will help the Filipina who was recently caught in Macau for alleged drug trafficking.
In Hong Kong, two Filipinas were also arrested in separate occasions for alleged drug trafficking.
The first of the two Filipinas was arrested last June 2 at the Hong Kong International Airport after authorities allegedly found 1,040 grams of heroin hidden inside the soles of three pairs of shoes in her suitcase. The estimated street value of the drugs was HK$930,000 or US$119,500.
The second Filipina was arrested last June 24 for taking in 876 grams of heroin with an estimated street value of HK$780,000 (US$100,300). She is currently confined at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital and will later be taken for custodial remand to the Tai Lam Center for Women.
"The Consulate-General will ensure that these Filipinas will have legal representation in all their court appearances and will continue to monitor their cases," Philippine Consul-General to Hong Kong Claro Cristobal said.
It will be recalled that the DFA has been warning Filipinos against becoming drug couriers.
In China, drug trafficking of 50 grams or more of illegal drugs is punishable by 15 years in prison, life imprisonment, or death. In Muslim countries, drug trafficking is punishable by death, according to Shariah law.
June 28, 2010 Compiled news clipping from Manila Standard
Pasay admits worsening menace of illegal drugs
Pasay Mayor-elect Antonino Calixto admits a worsening case of drugs and the need for the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency to be stationed in the city.
“Illegal drugs has become one of Pasay’s biggest problems. This has a become a big threat not only to the security of our constituents but also to our economic progress,” he said.
Calixto said he would ask the PDEA to establish a detachment before drug trafficking goes out of hand.
In the past weeks, PDEA has been raiding suspected drug dens in Pasay leading to the arrest of a local policeman selling cocaine.
“The presence of a PDEA unit here makes a lot of difference. Drug traffickers will become increasingly wary of their activities, and sooner or later they will leave the city and shift their business somewhere,” Calixto said.
Last month, the entire 12-man anti-illegal drugs unit and its commander was sacked after a series of PDEA raids.
Senior Supt. Raul Petrasanta said Chief Insp. Salvador Solana, head of the Station Anti-Illegal Drugs-Special Operations Task Force has been placed in floating status while his 12 men were sent to desk jobs at the Pasay police headquarters.
On April 27, PDEA agents arrested nine suspected drug traffickers inside the Apelo Cruz Compound, resulting in the confiscation of several grams of shabu and drug paraphernalia.
This was followed by the arrest of PO1 Rodelio Raña, of Precinct who yielded 1.5 kilos of cocaine during a sting operation at the parking lot of SM Mall of Asia.
PDEA agents also raided Barangay 43, 44, and 45 in Tramo district and arrested at least 15 people following reports of rampant sale of shabu. Ferdinand FabellaBan:
June 28, 2010 compiled news clipping from mb.com.ph
Drug trafficking, abuse hindering MDG efforts
By MADEL R. SABATER
Drug abuse and drug trafficking are hindering efforts to achieve the United Nations’ Millenium Development Goals, according to UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon.
“Our work to achieve the MDGs and fight drugs must go hand-in-hand. In seeking to eradicate illicit crops, we must also work to wipe out poverty,” Ban said.
Drug-related crimes “deepen vulnerability to instability and poverty,” he said.
Meanwhile, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)’s 2010 World Drug Report released last week said that the Philippines is among three Southeast Asian countries which have the highest annual prevalence of using prohibited drugs (amphetamines) in East and Southeast Asia, the other two are Laos and Thailand.
The report said that Amphethamine – type stimulants (ATS) abuse is highest in East and Southeast Asia at 36 percent, with the global number of people using ATS expected to exceed those using opium and cocaine.
The report also said the Philippines was among countries that have significant ATS manufacture since 2000, along with Australia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, China, the Czech Republic, Germany, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, Republic of Moldova, Myanmar, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, the Russian Federation, Slovakia, South Africa, and USA.
Ban noted that aside from deepening poverty, prohibited drugs also help spread HIV/AIDS through injected drugs. It also undermines achieving environmental sustainability through such side-effects as chemical runoffs from cocaine laboratories.
June 23, 2010 - compiled news clipping from Inquirer.net
Shabu hidden in false bottom of Malaysian's luggage seized at Naia
By Jerome Aning
Philippine Daily Inquirer
First Posted 22:16:00 06/23/2010
CUSTOMS POLICEMEN SEIZED 10 kilograms of methamphetamine hydrochloride (shabu) from a Malaysian who arrived from Thailand at the Ninoy Aquino International Airport on Tuesday night.
Bureau of Customs (BOC) Duty Collector Romulo Mahor identified the male passenger as How Eng Pheow, 41, who arrived at Naia Terminal 2 on board Philippine Airlines Flight 337 from Bangkok at around 7:30 p.m.
Roque said that while at the customs examination lane, the suspect went back and forth to a counter manned by collector Manuel Mendoza several times. Pheow then left the trolley bag he was carrying in front of Mendoza’s counter and tried to leave the customs area.
Mendoza alerted customs policemen and told them not to allow Pheow to leave and to return him to the examination counter.
Pheow’s luggage contained personal items on top, but Mendoza said a further search revealed that the bag had a false bottom.
Inside were several plastic bags containing the suspected banned substance.
Roque said an on site chemical test on one of the bags indicated that the contents were shabu.
The cache has been turned over to the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) and Airport Police for verification.
Pheow was placed under arrest and later charged with violation of Republic Act No. 9165, or the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002.
The BOC, PDEA and airport policemen have organized a team force to find out if Pheow had contacts at the airport premises or if a syndicate could have been involved in the drug smuggling.
Only a little over two months ago, a Malaysian national was arrested after arriving in the country with 14 kilos of shabu.
July 10, 2010 Compiled news clipping from the philstar.com
100-million shabu seized in Sta. Ana drug raid
By Non Alquitran
MANILA, Philippines - The National Capital Region Police Office (NCRPO) arrested five Chinese nationals and confiscated from them 20 kilos of shabu with a street value of P100 million during a raid in Manila Thursday.
NCRPO chief Director Roberto Rosales said the five suspects reportedly belong to a drug syndicate believed behind the operation of a clandestine shabu (methamphetamine hydrochloride) laboratory discovered in Taguig City recently.
“This anti-drug operation is a continuing process. We expect to arrest other members of the syndicate in due time,” Rosales said in an interview.
Those arrested were identified as Ming Yuan Yuet, 40; Danny Tan, 30; Aga Co, 33; Eugene Co, 32, and Michelle Lee, 24, all Chinese nationals.
After the raid in Taguig City months back, Rosales directed Superintendent Leo Francisco, head of the regional police intelligence and operation unit (RPIOU), to conduct follow-up raids.
Based on information given by suspects arrested in the Taguig raid, Francisco conducted surveillance operation on tenants of Unit 63 Eurovilla Homes along New Panaderos street in Sta. Ana.
Rosales said samples bought during a test buy were determined by the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) as high-grade shabu.
Francisco served Thursday a search warrant in the presence of barangay chairman Abraham Sejosta; Manila assistant prosecutor Ma. Theresa Basillo and Jean Banaay, administrator of the Eurovilla Townhomes. The warrant was issued by Manila Regional Trial Court Judge Amor Reyes.
Francisco said the five suspects gave themselves up peacefully. Aside from 20 kilos of high-grade shabu, the raiding team also seized two containers of a brown liquid they suspect to be raw material for the manufacture of shabu, as well as various other laboratory equipment.
Police also found six plastic bags of brown capsules, 14,500-milliliter bottles of glucose solution, a washing machine and dryer, and two weighing scales.
The NCRPO chief said the Chinese nationals chose to remain silent. “They pretend that they cannot speak our dialect. Our agents engaged them only in a sign language,” Rosales said, adding that they are hiring an interpreter.
Rosales ordered that all confiscated items be turned over to the PDEA while the five suspects were charged for possession of dangerous drugs and other paraphernalia before the Manila prosecutor’s office.
July 6, 2010 - compiled news clipping from Inquirer Headlines / Metro
Judge denies ‘Alabang Boy’s’ petition for bail
By Julie M. Aurelio
Philippine Daily Inquirer
First Posted 21:58:00 07/06/2010
A JUDGE HAS JUNKED THE PETItion for bail filed by one of the so-called “Alabang Boys” nearly two years after the three were arrested on drug peddling charges.
In his July 2 order, Judge Jaime Salazar of the Quezon City Regional Trial Court Branch 103 said the evidence Joseph Tecson had presented in court to back up his petition—a denial of the accusation that he sold cocaine to a Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) agent—was weak.
“A denial, per jurisprudence, is a weak kind of evidence when arrayed against an affirmative and positive identification. In a bail petition, the main concern is whether the prosecution’s evidence is strong and such positive identification of the accused is strong,” Salazar said.
He added that the defense’s questioning of the PDEA’s administrative procedures could be fully explored during a court trial.
“As [for] the alleged noncompliance with certain administrative procedures by the PDEA team, the same will be assessed when the case is studied on the issue of guilt or innocence of the accused,” the judge said.
Tecson was arrested in September 2008 after he allegedly sold cocaine to Louie Valdez, a PDEA agent, in Cubao, Quezon City. Separate operations led to the arrest of Richard Brodett and Jorge Joseph for drugs in Ayala, Alabang.
July 16, 2010 Compiled news clipping from philstar.com
Nahulihan ng 2.5 kilo ng heroin sa Indonesia, Pinay mabibitay
Ni Ellen Fernando (Pilipino Star Ngayon)
MANILA, Philippines - Isa na namang Filipina ang mahaharap sa parusang bitay matapos mahulihan ito ng 2.5 kilo ng heroin sa kanyang bagahe habang papasok sa Ngurah Rai Airport sa Bali, Indonesia.
Sa natanggap na ulat kahapon ng Department of Foreign Affairs mula sa RP embassy sa Indonesia, ang naarestong may dala ng 2.5 kilo ng heroin ay si Carolina Sarmiento, 41 anyos. Naaresto ito ng Customs Police noong Martes sa Ngurah Rai Airport.
Si Sarmiento ay agad na inaresto matapos ang isinagawang pagsusuri ng Customs officers sa kanyang luggage ilang minuto lamang pagkababa niya sa nasabing paliparan noong Lunes ng gabi.
Lumabas naman sa report ng The Jakarta Post na nagmula sa Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia si Sarmiento at tinangkang pumasok dala ang 2.5 kilong heroin na nagkakahalaga ng Rp5 bilyon (pera ng Malaysia) o P26.5 milyon papasok sa Indonesia.
Sinabi ng Bali Customs officials na nadiskubre ang heroin habang nakatago sa loob ng hardcase luggage ng nasabing turistang Pinay.
Ang pagkaka-aresto umano sa Pinay ay ang ikalawang insidente ng pagkakasabat sa mga hinihinalang drug mules sa loob lamang ng 24 oras sa Indonesia matapos na matiklo din ng Customs officers ang isang babaeng Malaysian na may dalang 220 gramo ng methamphetamine hydrochloride o shabu na nakatago sa ibaba ng kanyang suot na pantalon habang papasok sa Dumai seaport noong Martes.