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Spanish collector's card. La Novela Semanal Cinematográfica, No. 12.
Frank Mayo (1889–1963) was an American actor, who appeared in 310 films between 1911 and 1949.
Born in New York, Frank Mayo was the grandson of 19th-century theater actor Frank M. Mayo and made his theater debut at age 6 in his grandfather's play Davy Crockett. Mayo was first credited in film in the 1911 short film The Thumb Print (1911), by the Vitagraph Studios, along with Earle Williams, Maurice Costello and Florence Turner. He later acted in The Lure of the Windigo (Selig, 1914) and acted at the Balboa Amusement Company in such films as The Love Liar (1915), The Rim of the Desert (1915), The Adventures of a Madcap (1915) and in the series The Red Circle (1915), alongside Ruth Roland. Meanwhile, Mayo directed a single film, The Lost Bracelet (Lubin, 1916).
He signed to World Films in 1918, and acted in several World Film films throughout the 1918 and 1919. For Universal Pictures Mayo starred between 1919 and 1923 in some 25 features including The Girl in Number 29 (1920), The Red Lane (1920), Hitchin 'Posts (1920), The Shark Master (1921), and Out of the Silent North (1922). In 1923 he moved over to Goldwyn Pictures where he starred in e.g. Souls for Sale (Rupert Hughes, Goldwyn 1923) and Wild Oranges (King Vidor, Goldwyn 1924), after which he acted for First National and a whole string of smaller companies, as in The Triflers (Louis Gasnier, Bud Schulberg productions 1924) and Then Came the Woman (David Hartford, David Hartford Productions 1926). After 1927 he had a big gap in film acting and started again in 1930 when the sound film had set in. However, his glory days as film star were over, and he had now to satisfy with supporting parts at most and more often he had uncredited parts. Until 1949 Mayo acted but almost only in uncredited parts,
Frank Mayo's first wife, Joyce Eleanor Mayo, told in 1920 that her husband had deserted his marriage in 1919 after “six years of marriage”, i.e. from 193 onward. Afterward, Frank married actress Dagmar Godowsky in Tijuana, Mexico in 1921. Frank married Dagmar four days after an emergency proceeding to divorce Joyce Eleanor Mayo, but California law did not allow new marriage until a final sentence was reached one year after the injunction was granted, which eventually characterized the case as bigamy. In March 1925, Dagmar Godowsky appointed Anna Luther as co-responsible in a lawsuit that initiated the divorce proceedings after alleging to have discovered Luther with her husband in Mayo's apartment. The marriage was annulled in August 1928, based on the fact that Mayo had another wife. In 1963 Mayo died in Laguna Beach, California of acute myocardial infarction, and was buried in the Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills).
Sources, English and Portuguese Wikipedia, IMDB.
Hans Max Haupt, accused of aiding his son in a Nazi-organized effort to conduct sabotage in the United States during World War II, is shown in a mugshot after his arrest in 1942.
A Washington Star photo editor has placed an X over the left photograph.
Haupt was born in Germany and had served in that army during World War I. He came to the United States in 1923 and was joined by his wife Erna and their 5-year-old son Herbert in 1925. Both Hans and Erna became naturalized citizens. Hans Haupt was active in a number of German-American organizations.
The Haupt’s were charged with knowing that their son Herbert Haupt brought large sums of money with him, sheltering Haupt, buying him an automobile in Herbert’s father Hans’ name and being fully advised of their son’s plans for sabotage.
Six relatives and friends of Nazi saboteur Herbert Haupt, who was executed with five others in August 1942, faced charges of aiding Haupt in his effort to carry out sabotage of U.S. factories, transportation infrastructure and other facilities.
The six were among 14 people in the United States indicted in 1942 for aiding the eight convicted Nazi saboteurs--six of whom were executed, one received a life sentence and one received 30 years imprisonment--following a Washington, D.C. military trial.
A three week civilian trial in Chicago of those six charged with aiding the saboteurs ended November 14, 1942. Found guilty of treason and aiding and sheltering Herbert Hans Haupt were Hans and Erna Haupt, Herbert Haupt’s parents; Walter and Lucille Froehling, Herbert Haupt’s uncle and aunt; and Otto and Kate Wergin, family friends of the Haupts and Froehlings.
The prosecutor in the case summarized witness testimony by saying that Hans Haupt had “feeling only for Nazi Germany” and who said, “If I had to join the U.S. Army I would crawl over to the German lines and tell the American battle positions.”
“Look upon the Haupts. They are the cause of the shameful death of the boy, Herbert. And they assisted their son when he returned a saboteur. Did they do this because he was their son? No, they did not. They did it because he was the proud agent of the German Reich.”
On November 24th, Federal Judge William J. Campbell sentenced the three men to death and gave the women twenty-five year prison sentences and fined $10,000 each.
“The sentence must serve notice upon the enemy that the cunningly devised scheme for the use of American citizens of German birth as pawns in the game of sabotage and espionage in this country is doomed to failure.”
“How different this trial was from the treatment given in Germany to persons accused of similar offense against the German Reich.
“In pronouncing this sentence upon these six men and women this court is constrained to give full consideration to the fact that our nation, and every man, woman and child in it, are engaged in a global death struggle against forces of tyranny and evil unprecedented in the history of mankind. Our enemies seek to destroy us both by force of arms on our far flung battlefronts and through disaffection and treacherous sabotage within our borders.”
“The home front in our titanic struggle against the enemy is equally important and certainly more vulnerable than our battle lines. This is a war of people against people, as well as cannon and cannon. To endanger this home front, therefore, is as treasonable act as the act of spiking our guns in the face of the foe.”
On June 29, 1943, the U.S. Court of Appeals overturned the verdict, citing serious errors in the proceedings. The ruling saved the three men from the electric chair.
Among the trial errors cited was the admissibility of “confessions” that had been obtained by the FBI without advising the defendants of their right to counsel and the judge’s denial of motions to sever the defendants trials from each other.
Otto Wergin and Walter Froehling pled guilty July 22, 1944 to misprision of treason (deliberate concealment of knowledge of treason) and were sentenced to five years each in prison.
Hans M. Haupt was tried a second time, convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment and fined $10,000. After his conviction a second time, Haupt attempted suicide in prison in 1946 by stabbing himself in the abdomen and left wrist 12 times with barber’s shears.
Charges were dropped against the wives of the defendants, although Erna Haupt was interred for the duration of the war, had her citizenship revoked and was deported to the American sector in Germany after the war ended.
Hans Haupt, a formerly naturalized U.S. citizen, was granted clemency by U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower in 1957 and scheduled for deportation to Germany.
The conditions of Haupt’s release provided that if he set foot on American soil, the clemency would be automatically revoked and he would be returned to prison for the rest of his life. Haupt had already lost his citizenship upon his conviction.
For more information and related images, see
The photographer is unknown. The image is believed to be a U.S. government photograph. It is housed in the D.C. Library Washington Star Collection.
Hartley is the third of the parishes that make up modern Longfield.
Situated down a long and narrow leafy lane, a modern church centre built against the west end is the fist thing you see after leaving the car park.
Inside, there are some fine wall paintings surviving, and interesting glass.
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In 1876 Hartley was described as a quiet, out of the way place with hop gardens on every hand, three or four comfortable farmhouses, a smith's forge and a few scattered cottages. The church of All Saints is mentioned as the only building of interest. The present building dates from the early 12th century and, like so many others, probably replaced one of Saxon origin. Amongst our neighbours, the churches of Fawkham, Ridley and West Kingsdown are of a similar age.
The church, which is flint with tiled roof, is a simple one comprising nave and chancel without aisles or chapels. A vestry and porch were added in the 19th century. All that remains of the Norman church are two small round-headed windows, one to the left of the porch as you enter the church, and the other in the north wall, and the impressive south door which still contains the original oak panels and wrought iron hinge work.
During the 13th century the chancel and chancel arch were rebuilt and, with the insertion of two large windows in the nave, the church took on its present shape. The only other remaining part of the medieval church is in the nave roof. Looking up, one can see the fine oak tie beams linking the north and south walls. On the top of these are three crown posts indicative of a 15th century date.
There is little in the church to remind us of the next three centuries. The parish registers should start in 1538 but the earliest register is lost. Now the registers of baptisms, marriages and burials start in 1712 and continue without a break to the present day. A Book of Remembrance was placed in the chancel in 1981 and records the names of departed loved ones.
During the last hundred years the church has undergone some necessary repairs and alterations. The east wall was rebuilt and vestry added in 1860-3. The stained glass in the south windows is of Victorian origin. The west wall and turret were rebuilt in 1892 and the porch in 1899. The bell turret, which existed in medieval times, is known to have been extensively repaired in 1750 and again in 1818. This caring work continues and the east window, which was filled with stained glass in 1898 to the memory of Adam Tait, was restored and re-ordered by the Friends of All Saints and parishioners with the generous assistance of the P & O Company in 1987.
www.fawkhamandhartley.org.uk/History/All%20Saints%20Churc...
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HARTLEY.
NEXT adjoining south-eastward lies Hartley, called in Domesday, Erclei, in the Textus Roffensis, Herdei.
This parish, which is but little known or frequented, contains about twelve hundred acres, part of which is a large wood, called Hartley-wood, containing one hundred and fifty acres, at the northern boundary of it; the soil of it is chalky, light, and much covered with flints. The church stands on the hill, round which there is no village, though here, and at Hartley-green, about a quarter of a mile northward from it, there are several stragling houses. The western part of this parish lies in the valley, called Hartley-bottom, along which the road leads to Wrotham and Trosley.
This place, at the taking the survey of Domesday, was part of the vast possessions of Odo, the great bishop of Baieux, and half-brother to the Conqueror; under the general title of whose lands it is thus described there.
Ralph Fitz Turald holds Erclei of the bishop (of Baieux.) It was taxed at one suling. The arable land is . . . . . In demesne there are 2 carucates and 9 villeins, with 6 cottagers, having 3 carucates. There are 3 servants, and wood for the pannage of 10 bogs. The whole manor was worth 3 pounds, and now 100 shillings; a certain woman held it.
In the same record, a little further on, under the same title of the bishop of 'Baieux's lands, is this entry:
Ralph Fitz Turald bolds Erclei of the bishop (of Baieux.) It was taxed at 1 suling. The arable land is half a carucate, and there are now 30 acres of arable. In demesne there is 1 carucate and 6 villeins, having half a carucate. There are 12 acres of meadow. In the time of king Edward the Confessor and afterwards, it was 40 shillings, now 4 pounds. Hunef, held it of earl Harold.
On the disgrace of the bishop of Baieux, which happened about four years after the taking this survey, all his lands and possessions became forfeited to the crown.
THE MANOR OF HARTLEY, soon after the Conqueror's reign, became part of the possessions of the noble family of Montchensie, (fn. 1) one of whom, Warine de Montchensie, was owner of it in the reign of king John. In the 37th year of king Henry III. he ob tained a charter of free-warren for this manor, and died next year, being then reputed one of the most valiant, prudent, and wealthy men in this kingdom. He left a son and heir William, and a daughter Joane, who had married William de Valence, the king's half brother. William de Montchensie, two years after, had possession granted of all his father's lands; not long after which, he took part with the discontented barons; and when the king was made prisoner at the battle of Lewes, in the 48th year of his reign, and the barons had summoned a parliament in his name, he was one of the chief of those that sat therein. (fn. 2) Notwithstanding, he was afterwards taken at Kenilworth, a little before the battle of Evesham, and his lands seized, yet he had soon after such favor shewn him, for his sister's sake, that they were freely restored to him again; and in the 6th year of king Edward I. he obtained full pardon, with other favors afterwards, among which was that of the view of frank-pledge, and the courts belonging to it in all his lands. He was killed at the siege of Drosselan-castle, in Wales, in the 17th year of that reign, leaving one daughter and sole heir, Dionisia, who was shortly afterwards married, through the king's means, to Hugh de Vere, third son of Robert, earl of Oxford, who in the 17th year of it had possession granted of the lands of her inheritance. In the 1st year of king Edward II. he was summoned to the king's coronation, as was Dionisia his wife, by whom it seems he had no issue; for on her death, in the 7th year of that reign, it was found that she died possessed of this manor of Hartley, among others, holding it of the king in capite, and that Adomar de Valence, earl of Pembroke, son of Joane and William de Valence before-mentioned, was her next heir. (fn. 3)
Aymer, earl of Pembroke, was greatly favored and employed both by king Edward I. and II. but in the 17th year of the reign of the latter, attending the queen into France, he was murdered there, in revenge, for the death of the earl of Lancaster, this earl being one of those who had passed sentence of death upon him at Pontefract two years before. (fn. 4) He left no issue, though he had three wives. Upon which John, son of John de Hastings, by Isabel his wife, the earl's sister, and John, son of John Comyn, of Badenagh, by Joane his other sister, were found to be his coheirs and next of kin, but Mary de St. Paul, his widow, surviving him, had next year for her dowry an assignation of this manor, among others. She died possessed of it in the 51st year of king Edward III. (fn. 5) Upon which it came to John de Hastings, great grandson of John de Hastings before-mentioned, who was found to be coheir, and next of kin to Aymer de Valence, earl of Pembroke.
John de Hastings before-mentioned, was then an insant, and at the coronation of king Richard II. being not quite five years old, claimed to carry the great golden spurs; and shewing sufficient evidence of his right to do that service, it was adjudged to him, and a deputy allowed him for that purpose, by reason of his non-age. He was afterwards unfortunately killed at a tournament at Woodstock, anno 13 king Richard II. (fn. 6) having married Philippa, daughter of Edmund Mortimer, earl of March, by whom he left no issue. Upon his death Reginald, lord Grey, of Ruthyn, was found to be his cousin, and next heir of the whole blood, as descended from John de Hastings and Isabel his wife, one of the sisters and heirs of Aymer de Valence, earl of Pembroke.
Philippa, countess of Pembroke, survived her husband; and having afterwards married Richard Fitzalan, earl of Arundel, (to whom she was second wife) he had this manor in dowry with her.
The earl was sined for this marriage four hundred marcs to the king, in consideration of which he was pardoned. Some time after which, observing the dangerous tendency of the times, and the implacable hatred that reigned in the king's breast against him, he retired into the country, having obtained a special dispensation from attending the parliament, or any other public employment. Notwithstanding which, the king searing him, soon afterwards got him into his power by fair words, and then sent him to prison, and quickly after brought him to his trial; and though he pleaded the king's promises and charter of pardon, he received a most severe sentence, to be drawn, hanged, quartered, &c. The rigour of which was somewhat softened, for he only lost his head at London, the king himself being a spectator of the execution. After his death his widow Philippa still kept possession of this manor, of which she was possessed at the time of her death, in the 2d year of king Henry IV. she then bearing the title of countess of Pembroke. (fn. 7)
On this, Reginald, lord Grey, of Ruthyn, became entitled to it, as next of kin, and heir of Aymer, earl of Pembroke, and as such at the coronation of king Henry IV. he carried the great golden spurs. Great quarrels arising between this Reginald, who had large possessions in Wales, and Owen Glendower, they had recourse to arms, and in the sequel Reginald was taken prisoner by the latter in Wales, and was obliged to give ten thousand marcs for his ransom; to raise which king Henry IV. in his 4th year granted licence to Robert Braybrooke, bishop of London, and others, then feoffees of several of his lordships, to fell the manor of Hertelegh, among others, towards raising that sum. (fn. 8) They sold it to John Urban, of Southfleet, who died possessed of it in the 8th year of king Henry V. (fn. 9) as did his son John in the 4th year of king Henry VI. (fn. 10) on which it came to his sister Emma Penhale, who died next year, (fn. 11) and left it to her son, and he held it in the 2d year of king Edward IV. as appears by the book of Dover in the exchequer.
In the 13th year of king Henry VII. William Cressel, esq. died possessed of the manor of Hartley, which he held of the king in capite by knight's service. (fn. 12) His son, Richard Cressel, in the beginning of the next reign, sold it to Draper; who passed it away to Ballard; and he conveyed it to William Sedley, esq. of Southfleet, at the latter end of the reign of king Edward VI. (fn. 13) in whose descendants it continued, in the same manner as the manor of Southfleet did, down to Sir Charles Sedley, bart. of Nuthall, in Nottinghamshire, who, in 1770, sold it to William Glanvill Evelyn, esq. of St. Cleres, in Ightham, the present owner of this manor.
Charity.
JOHN WALKER, esq. of Fawkham, who died in 1625, by his will bequeathed a coat, and a gown of good russet cloth, to two of the poorest men, and two of the poorest widows of this parish; to be delivered on Christmas-day yearly to each. After which they were to attend the service in the church of Fawkham, and then return to his mansion-house there, where they were to have a plentiful dinner. (fn. 14)
HARTLEY is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese and deanry of Rochester. The church is dedicated to All Saints. It is a small building, consisting of one isle and a chancel, having a pointed steeple at the west end, in which are two bells.
Among other inscriptions in this church, on the north side is a memorial for James Burrow, gent. of Kingsdown, obt. 1728, æt. 53; and for Elizabeth, his wife, daughter of John Cox, gent. of Stansted, obt. 1729; above, these arms, azure three fleurs de lis ermine impaling sable a chevron argent, between three attires of a stag fixed to the scalp of the second.
¶It is a rectory, and was formerly of the patronage of the Talbots, earls of Shrewsbury; to whom it came from their ancestor, Gilbert Talbot, who on the death of Mary de St. Paul, widow of Aymer de Valence, earl of Pembroke, in the 51st year of king Edward III. was found by inquisition to be her heir, and next of kin. It was lately in the patronage of the earl of Plymouth, (fn. 15) afterwards of the reverend Thomas Blomfield, and since of his son, Thomas Blomfield, esq. who sold his interest in it to Richard Forrest, esq. who died in 1796. Since which it has been sold by the trustees appointed by his will, to the reverend Mr. Bradley, rector of this parish, who married Mr. Forrest's daughter, and he is now owner of this advowson.
In the 15th year of king Edward I. this church was valued at twelve marcs. By virtue of the commission of enquiry, issuing out of chancery in 1650, it was returned, that Hartley was a parsonage, with a house, and eight acres of glebe land, all worth sixty pounds per annum; one master Eves enjoying it, and preaching there. (fn. 16) It is valued in the king's books at seven pounds, and the yearly tenths at fourteen shillings. It is now of the value of about two hundred guineas per annum.
Is the LEGO Thor's Hammer, Set #76209, worthy?
Well, My one sentence review would be "No but it could be."
See, this is one meant for the hardcore Marvel geeks looking for something to display in their home. If that's not you, then there are other cool LEGO Thor sets landing. But what if that is you?
That's where this Mod comes in. Just a few small changes to MOD the existing set, and make it your own. It brings back the detailed engravings on the hammer ends, and incorporates the Trinity knot to the side. Both of which I felt were missing,and make a BIG difference to it's look and feel. Because a Mjolnir worthy of display should be more than a flat grey block.
And if you want to see how it was done - You Can See It Here
This year we see a new herd of Horses of Honor on the streets of Chicago. They all bear the names of officers who have been killed or catastrophically injured in the line of duty, and each horse is unique, a work of art crafted by a Chicago-area artist.
This particular horse is dedicated to six officers from the 19th and 23rd districts, who were killed in the line of duty. In 2011, these two districts were combined into one, and the new 19th District station now stands at 850 W. Addison. By dedicating this particular Horse of Honor to these six officers, it not only honors them individually, but the rich history of the 19th and 23rd Districts individually, and now as one...
Patrolman Richard Wayne Clark, Star# 13034, End of Watch 03 April 1986.
Assigned to the 19th District, Officer Clark responded to a call of a "man with a gun" at 1429 W. Lill. The offender did indeed have a gun and he shot both Officer Clark and his landlord, killing both men. The offender then took an elderly neighbor hostage, killed both of her dogs, and held police at bay until well into the following day. He was eventually taken into custody and sentenced to death. He died on death row before his sentence was carried out. Officer Clark was a 23-year veteran of the Chicago Police Department and was survived by his wife and two children, including a son who later joined the Chicago Police Department.
Patrol Specialist Lee R. Seward, Star #15906, assigned to the 23rd District, End of Watch: December 30, 1987.
Officer Seward and his recruit were handling a recurring disturbance between neighbors, when one of the individuals grabbed Officer Seward's revolver and shot him twice. The offender was subsequently shot and killed while exchanging gunfire with other officers. Officer Seward died from his injuries. He was a 16-year veteran of the Department, and was survived by his wife and son.
Patrolman John J. Lyons, Star #3124, assigned to the 19th District. End of Watch: October 5, 1992.
Officer Lyons and his partner were responding to a call for assistance from another unit when he lost control of the vehicle and crashed into a tree. Officer Lyons was ejected from the vehicle and killed. Officer Lyons was a 25-year veteran of the Department, and he was survived by his wife and four children.
Patrolman James M. O'Connor, Star #4573, assigned to the 23rd District. End of Watch: September 16, 1995.
Officer O'Connor was off-duty, talking to a woman outside a restaurant at Clark and Roscoe, when a young kid reached out from a passing car and snatched the woman's purse. Officer O'Connor gave chase in his personal car. He was able to cut the get-away car off, and approached on foot when there was a fierce exchange of gunfire with the 22-year old driver. Both Officer O'Conner and the driver were hit twice and both subsequently died from their injuries.
Officer O'Connor had been on the force only 17 months. He was survived by his parents and three brothers.
Patrolman Richard M. Francis, Star #5276, assigned to the 19th District. End of Watch: July 2, 2008.
Officer Francis was handling a disturbance with a woman on the street at 2452 W. Belmont. A physical struggle ensued, during which the woman snatched Officer Francis' duty weapon from its holster and shot him once, killing him. The offender was later shot by responding officers, but survived to stand trial for murder. She was convicted and sentenced to life without parole.
Officer Francis was a 27-year veteran of the Department.
Sgt. Alan J. Haymaker, Star #2532, assigned to the 23rd District. End of Watch: February 22, 2010.
Sgt. Haymaker was responding to a burglary-in-progress call when he hit a patch of ice on Lake Shore Drive near Irving Park Road and lost control of his vehicle. He was transported to Illinois Masonic Medical Center, where he succumbed to his injuries a short time later.
Sgt. Haymaker was a 3rd generation police officer, and a 21-year veteran of the Department. He was survived by his wife, three daughters, parents, three brothers and two sisters.
* * * * * * * * *
In writing this, I am struck by the fact that two of these six officers died in one-car traffic accidents, and three were shot and killed with their own service weapon. Only one was shot and killed by an offender who already had a gun of his own.
While I don't know what kind of gun and holster combination was carried by the three officers who had their gun taken away, they all entered service at a time when officers were armed with the standard six-shot revolver, which was usually carried in a "border patrol" style holster, in which the gun was secured with a single strap.
We came to refer to such holsters as "take-me" holsters after two 25th District officers were shot and killed during a domestic disturbance when one officer's gun was snatched from a "take-me" holster in May of 1990.
Since the Department can not force old-timers to switch to a hi-security holster, there may still be some who continue to carry their service weapon in a well-worn take-me holster. It's kind of like riding a motorcycle without a helmet: great, as long as everything goes according to plan...
Garrett Hedlund and Desiree Markella
(Disclaimer: The pictures here are photos from Desiree's personal collection and are in no way the official stills released by Twentieth Century Fox; and should not be used as such.)
Sentencing of Paul Manafort in Virginia, by Judge Ellis. Kevin Downing, Manafort's lawyer, speaks briefly after the sentence.
Walter Wilhelm Froehling, 40, accused of aiding his nephew Herbert Haupt in a Nazi-organized effort to conduct sabotage in the United States during World War II, is shown in an undated photograph circa 1942.
Froehling came to the United States with his wife Lucille after World War I. Walter became a naturalized citizen in 1931 and Lucille took the citizenship oath in 1935.
Walter was an active member of the German American Bund – a pro Nazi organization active in the 1930s and apparently often verbalized pro-Nazi sentiments.
The Froehling house was the first stop that saboteur Herbert Haupt made upon arriving in Chicago. Haupt had been given the Froehling’s name as a reliable contact by the German High Command.
The Froehlings agreed that their house could be used as a safe house for meetings and Haupt left nearly $10,000 cash that they hid in their home.
The Froehlings were among six relatives and friends of Nazi saboteur Herbert Haupt--who was executed with five others in August 1942--that faced charges of aiding Haupt in his effort to carry out sabotage of U.S. factories, transportation infrastructure and other facilities.
The six were among 14 people in the United States indicted in 1942 for aiding the eight convicted Nazi saboteurs--six of whom were executed, one received a life sentence and one received 30 years imprisonment following a Washington, D.C. military trial.
A three week civilian trial in Chicago of those six charged with aiding the saboteurs ended November 14, 1942. Found guilty of treason and aiding and sheltering Herbert Hans Haupt were Hans and Erna Haupt, Herbert Haupt’s parents; Walter and Lucille Froehling, Herbert Haupt’s uncle and aunt; and Otto and Kate Wergin, family friends of the Haupts and Froehlings.
On November 24th, Federal Judge William J. Campbell sentenced the three men to death and gave the women twenty-five year prison sentences and fined $10,000 each.
“The sentence must serve notice upon the enemy that the cunningly devised scheme for the use of American citizens of German birth as pawns in the game of sabotage and espionage in this country is doomed to failure.”
“How different this trial was from the treatment given in Germany to persons accused of similar offense against the German Reich.
“In pronouncing this sentence upon these six men and women this court is constrained to give full consideration to the fact that our nation, and every man, woman and child in it, are engaged in a global death struggle against forces of tyranny and evil unprecedented in the history of mankind. Our enemies seek to destroy us both by force of arms on our far flung battlefronts and through disaffection and treacherous sabotage within our borders.”
“The home front in our titanic struggle against the enemy is equally important and certainly more vulnerable than our battle lines. This is a war of people against people, as well as cannon and cannon. To endanger this home front, therefore, is as treasonable act as the act of spiking our guns in the face of the foe.”
On June 29, 1943, the U.S. Court of Appeals overturned the verdict, citing serious errors in the proceedings. The ruling saved the three men from the electric chair.
Among the trial errors cited was the admissibility of “confessions” that had been obtained by the FBI without advising the defendants of their right to counsel and made before pre-trial arraignment and the judge’s denial of motions to sever the defendants trials from each other.
Otto Wergin and Walter Froehling pled guilty July 22, 1944 to misprision of treason (deliberate concealment of knowledge of treason) and were sentenced to five years each in prison.
Hans M. Haupt was tried a second time, convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment and fined $10,000
Charges were dropped against the wives of the defendants, although Erna Haupt was interred for the duration of the war, had her citizenship revoked and was deported to the American sector in Germany after the war ended.
Lucille Froehling was granted a divorce from her husband and custody of the children in 1946 on the grounds that Walter Froehling had been convicted of a felony. He was serving his prison sentence at the time.
Hans Haupt, a formerly naturalized U.S. citizen, was granted clemency by U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower in 1957 and deported to Germany.
The conditions of Haupt’s release provided that if he set foot on American soil, the clemency would be automatically revoked and he would be returned to prison for the rest of his life. Haupt had already lost his citizenship upon his conviction.
For more information and related images, see flic.kr/s/aHsmPiRmT4
The photographer is unknown. The image is believed to be a U.S. government photograph. It is housed in the D.C. Library Washington Star Collection.
Otto Wergin, accused of aiding his friends’ son Herbert Haupt in a Nazi-organized effort to conducted sabotage in the United States during World War II, is shown in a mugshot after his arrest in 1942.
A Washington Star photo editor has placed an X over the image on the left.
Otto Wergin was born in 1896 in Arenswalde, Germany and served in the German Navy during World War I. He came to the came to the United States from Konigsberg, Prussia with his wife Kate and two children in 1926. The couple lived in Chicago with their son Wolfgang, born in 1924, and daughter Irene, born in 1922.
Wergin became a naturalized citizen in 1936 and was alleged to have been a close associate of the German-American Bund, a pro-Nazi organization.
The Wergins were charged with being fully advised of Haupt’s plans for sabotage. Their son Wolfgang had also accompanied Haupt on his trip to Germany in 1940 where Haupt was recruited as a spy. Wolfgang served in the Nazi regime’s army on the Eastern Front for three years during World War II.
Six relatives and friends of Nazi saboteur Herbert Haupt, who was executed with five others in August 1942, faced charges of aiding Haupt in his effort to carry out sabotage of U.S. factories, transportation infrastructure and other facilities.
The six were among 14 people in the United States indicted in 1942 for aiding the eight convicted Nazi saboteurs--six of whom were executed, one received a life sentence and one received 30 years imprisonment following a Washington, D.C. military trial.
A three week civilian trial in Chicago of those six charged with aiding the saboteurs ended November 14, 1942. Found guilty of treason and aiding and sheltering Herbert Hans Haupt were Hans and Erna Haupt, Herbert Haupt’s parents; Walter and Lucille Froehling, Herbert Haupt’s uncle and aunt; and Otto and Kate Wergin, family friends of the Haupts and Froehlings.
On November 24th, Federal Judge William J. Campbell sentenced the three men to death and gave the women twenty-five year prison sentences and fined $10,000 each.
“The sentence must serve notice upon the enemy that the cunningly devised scheme for the use of American citizens of German birth as pawns in the game of sabotage and espionage in this country is doomed to failure.”
“How different this trial was from the treatment given in Germany to persons accused of similar offense against the German Reich.
“In pronouncing this sentence upon these six men and women this court is constrained to give full consideration to the fact that our nation, and every man, woman and child in it, are engaged in a global death struggle against forces of tyranny and evil unprecedented in the history of mankind. Our enemies seek to destroy us both by force of arms on our far flung battlefronts and through disaffection and treacherous sabotage within our borders.”
“The home front in our titanic struggle against the enemy is equally important and certainly more vulnerable than our battle lines. This is a war of people against people, as well as cannon and cannon. To endanger this home front, therefore, is as treasonable act as the act of spiking our guns in the face of the foe.”
On June 29, 1943, the U.S. Court of Appeals overturned the verdict, citing serious errors in the proceedings. The ruling saved the three men from the electric chair.
Among the trial errors cited was the admissibility of “confessions” that had been obtained by the FBI without advising the defendants of their right to counsel and prior to their arraignment on charges. The judge’s denial of motions to sever the defendants trials from each other was another error.
Otto Wergin and Walter Froehling pled guilty July 22, 1944 to misprision of treason (deliberate concealment of knowledge of treason) and were sentenced to five years each in prison.
Hans M. Haupt was tried a second time on treason charges, convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment and fined $10,000
Charges were dropped against the wives of the defendants, including Kate Wergin. However, Erna Haupt was interred for the duration of the war, had her citizenship revoked and was deported to the American sector in Germany after the war ended.
Hans Haupt, a formerly naturalized U.S. citizen, was granted clemency by U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower in 1957 and scheduled for deportation to Germany.
The conditions of Haupt’s release provided that if he set foot on American soil, the clemency would be automatically revoked and he would be returned to prison for the rest of his life. Haupt had already lost his citizenship upon his conviction.
For more information and related images, see flic.kr/s/aHsmPiRmT4
The photographer is unknown. The image is believed to be a U.S. government photograph. It is housed in the D.C. Library Washington Star Collection.
The Civil Rights Congress and the Virginia Committee to Save the Martinsville Seven publish a flyer November 8, 1950 explaining why the Virginia case of seven black men sentenced to death was important for the fight against white supremacy.
The Martinsville 7 were charged with the rape of a white woman, Ruby Stroud Floyd, in a black neighborhood of Martinsville, Virginia on January 8, 1949. After a long legal battle led by the NAACP and a grassroots campaign led by the Civil Rights Congress, the seven were executed in 1951 on February 2nd and February 5th.
The mass executions were the largest in Virginia in modern times. Every single one of the 45 men executed by Virginia’s electric chair for rape at that point were African American men charged with assaulting white women.
The seven executed were all workers. Three worked in a sawmill, one was a plasterer's helper, one a stonecutter and one a foundry man.
On January 31, a mass demonstration of over 400 took place in Richmond to demand a halt to the planned executions despite the virulent racist opposition of many white supremacists.
Meanwhile, other demonstrators picketed the White House in support of the sevcen. Hundreds stayed in Richmond for a prayer vigil until the executions took place.
The hope generated by the Scottsboro campaign in the 1930s was followed by bitter setbacks in the post-World War II period. The campaigns to stop the legal lynching of the Martinsville 7 and Willie McGee in Mississippi were met with red-baiting and gruesome determination by the white elite to protect strict racial codes.
In denying appeals to commute the Martinsville 7 death sentences, Virginia’s Governor John S. Battle said, that the wave of messages that flooded his desks was “cosponsored” by the Civil Rights Congress and the Communist Party.
“The propaganda emanating from these sources bears no semblance of truth and is designed for no other purpose than to foment ill feeling between the races and to mislead those who have no knowledge of the true fact of these cases.”
The seven executed were Francis Grayson, James L. Hairston, John Claybon Taylor, Frank Hairston, Jr., Booker T. Millner, Howard Lee Hairston and Joe Henry Hampton.
For a PDF of this 8 ½ x 11, one-sided, flyer, see washingtonspark.files.wordpress.com/2019/12/1950-11-08-ma...
For more information and related images, see flic.kr/s/aHsjWUExj5
Image courtesy of Papers of the Civil Rights Congress. New York Public Library. Archives Unbound.
This is an artistic rendering I did from a photo of my neighbor's front door, after the police had kicked it in at least 3 times that I know of. Right now it is a red door for snap game.
This neighbor should not have even been able to rent where I was renting. She had a prior felony because of the possession of a gun during the commission of a burglary or robbery. I told my manager she was horrible to me, and I told her parole office she was going to beat me up any time, and they did nothing. She was way behind on her rent, and yelled out racial slurs against black people and Hispanic people and against police officers, using the F word a lot. She would follow me to my door, which was directly about 8 feet across from her door, and look over my shoulder really close while I was getting my key out. She would comment on what was in my grocery bag, like umm, ice cream, just what you need you fat pig. She very loudly and several times called her own son (ten years old at the time) a *f-ing faggot" and tell him and the whole neighborhood that she hated the day he was born, and she was going to f-ing kill him. The management finally said they would give her 24 hours notice. Instead, they gave her 30 days. That gave her 29 more days for trouble to brew across the way from my front door. She would also go right up to my window in the living room, and yell things at me. She was high as a kite on meth and alcohol. A very evil hearted person. After she assaulted me, she showed up for the sentencing hearing pregnant (first time in over 10 years - kind of odd timing) and high on drugs. There is more, but that is all I feel like writing right now. Delina
(cd63rdquarter2003joysdoorsmallandintense)
"Tucson man sentenced to prison in mortgage fraud scheme - The Daily Progress" t.co/K3aoO3Y6pp (via Twitter twitter.com/downpaymentaz/status/819511066602442752)
Sentencing of Paul Manafort in Virginia, by Judge Ellis. Reporters run out with news of the sentence imposed.
Four of six Maryland and District of Columbia communists are led from federal court in Baltimore, Md. April 4, 1952 off to prison after being sentenced for violating the Smith Act.
Between two agents at the left are Maurice Braverman (left), an attorney; and Philip Frankfeld, former head of the Maryland-D.C. Communist Party. At right, a marshal has Leroy H. Wood, District of Columbia party chair (nearest camera) and George A. Meyers (obscured by Wood), a former Celanese Mills worker who succeeded Frankfeld as Maryland-D.C. party chair.
Not pictured are Regina Frankfeld, wife of Phillip Frankfeld and former school teacher; and Dorothy Rose Blumberg, a party worker and wife of another former Maryland-D.C. party chair.
Judge Calvin Chestnut gave succinct instructions to the jury:
“Personal feelings have no part in this trial. The issue is whether the government has proved that the defendants were Communist Party members and, if so, whether you believe they conspired to advocate violent overthrow of the government.”
Several informers testified that the six were party members—all but Braverman admitted that they were members, though years later Braverman also acknowledged his membership.
Much of the rest of the testimony revolved around putting into evidence passages from Karl Marx, Vladimir Lenin and Josef Stalin. One informer testified that new party members were taught from Marxist texts in a party school.
The six received sentences as follows:
Phillip Frankfeld: Five years imprisonment, $1,000 fine.
Regina Frankfeld: Two years imprisonment, $1,000 fine.
George Aloysius Meyers: Four years imprisonment, $1,000 fine.
Leroy Hand Wood: Three years imprisonment, $1,000 fine.
Dorothy Rose Blumberg: Three years imprisonment, $1,000 fine.
Maurice L. Braverman: Three years imprisonment, $1,000 fine.
Meyers also received a 30-day sentence for contempt of court after he refused to name other party members during the trial.
Judge Chestnut permitted the defendants to make a statement before sentencing. All were unrepentant, but denied the charges of conspiracy and any contemplated violence.
Meyers said in part:
“I would like to say here this morning that it is not in any spirit of defiance of the courts of the United States, but rather a feeling of anger that such a thing could happen in my country, and also a feeling of complete confidence that this whole ruling will be reversed, and also this act which was brought out in 1940 by which we are brought into court will be reversed either in the courts or by the final court of public opinion of the American people, which is the decisive thing in our American life.”
“Now the government has obtained a conviction on what we consider a framed-up trial through the use of stool-pigeon witnesses and excerpts from books.”
“After they get a guilty verdict, does that bring closer days of peace? Does it bring down the cost of living? Is there any nearer the end of the Jim Crow system in Maryland and this country? Or the people from my part of the state, are they getting any more jobs with this problem of unemployment? Which has not been helped in any way by this verdict—questions have still to be answered.”
“There is one thing I would like to say specifically about this charge, that is the use of the Negro people in our party, in our program, and I want to say this now to you, sir, and to the representatives of the Department of Justice and if the whole Department of Justice will utilize the laws that they have, including the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and its amendments, and wipe our every form of discrimination against the Negro people here in Baltimore, in the factories, the mills, throughout this area, in the entire state, you will never hear another word from me or my party about any of this discrimination.”
Wood declared:
“Something has happened here that with the education and background I have had, I never thought could have happened in the United States, that an American political party was put on trial for being really the only opposition party, and because of their opposition, because of our opposition to big business and because of the fact they interfered with the legal purpose of big business, they are found guilty.”
“The important thing is the fact that here we have the opposition being silenced in this nation, in this country, which is so contrary to the traditions that we have had here for many years and I think the important thing is the danger that is placed before American democracy.”
Blumberg repudiated the charges of teaching violence:
“I feel that all my life and all my activities are a complete repudiation of that charge, that the people who know me—and there are many—know that such an idea is completely repugnant in my nature.”
“They also know that I would never associate myself with any organization or any party that would advocate force and violence.”
“I am a woman. I am a mother of two children, and I am a grandmother of two little boys. My only wish, my dearest wish is that they grow up in a world of plenty and peace for all.”
I have bent every effort I had in taking every opportunity that I have had in working for peace. I think that is possible and attainable, and I believe that peaceful coexistence of all nations in the world is possible and attainable.”
“I sincerely believe that my party, the Communist Party, also is working for the attainment of permanent peace in the world.”
“I want to say, also, that as and when this world of peace and plenty is finally attained, and I have every confidence that it will be, that everything that I have done or experienced will be well worth while.”
Regina Frankfeld was proud of her association with others who want to change the world for the better:
“I wish to associate myself with the statements of my codefendants and with the millions of mothers, Negro and white, in our country, and throughout the world who stand with the unshakable determination that there will be a better world.”
“I further want to associate myself with the men and women of courage whose lives are devoted to building a new and better world, a world that will be free of economic crisis and fear of atomic war where there will be real brotherhood of men and women.”
Phillip Frankfeld stood in solidarity with the others convicted:
“I wish to associate myself completely and with great pride in the others who have spoken before me.”
Braverman challenged the restriction on civil liberties:
“Social progress can best be achieved through the free exchange of ideas. In all my activities as a lawyer and as a citizen, I urged the fullest use of the democratic processes guaranteed the people by our Constitution and the Bill of Rights, the right to petition for redress of grievances, the right to freedom of assembly and political association, the right to freely express oneself.”
“The government has used the Smith Act to prosecute men and women for their ideas. Repressive seditious legislation has been used in the past against people because of their ideas of social progress and social welfare.”
“The government hopes that by my conviction it will intimidate lawyers from representing and associating with communists.”
“I am confident that the American people and the American bar will resist this attack upon a free and independent bar. I am confident that I will yet be acquitted of this charge of conspiracy.”
The defendants were ultimately released on bail while their appeals progressed. However, their appeals were swiftly denied and by early 1953, all had reported to prison for their sentences.
While in prison Regina Frankfeld had privileges revoked when authorities alleged that her sister was passing clandestine notes to her. Her husband was placed in solitary confinement for attempting to recruit other inmates into the Communist Party.
The courts later voided essentially all the provisions under which the defendants went to prison, but it was too late for them to avoid jail time.
In 1958, the Supreme Court ruled in the case of Clinton Jencks that Communist Party defendants in criminal cases must be given an informant’s FBI reports. Jencks was a labor leader made famous when he starred as himself in the blacklisted film Salt of the Earth.
In the Maryland Communist Party case, paid informant Mary Markward had testified that the defendants would take up arms against the U.S. government while in previous testimony before the House Un American Activities Committee she testified they never explicitly said so. The defendants were not given her FBI reports during trial.
A later ruling by the U.S Court of Appeals found that this protection must also be extended to government administrative proceedings such as those requiring registration of communist labor union officials and federal employees.
In Yates v. United States (1957), the Court interpreted the language of the Smith Act as making it criminal to incite to action for the forcible overthrow of government, but not to teach the abstract doctrine of such forcible overthrow. In doing so, it stated that the “essential distinction is that those to whom the advocacy is addressed must be urged to do something, now or in the future, rather than merely to believe in something.”
Scales v. United States (1961), involved a challenge to the membership clause of the Smith Act, which made it a felony to acquire or hold knowing membership in any organization advocating the overthrow of the government by force or violence. The Court upheld the membership clause but interpreted it as requiring that active membership and specific intent were required and also noted that a “blanket prohibition of association with a group having both legal and illegal aims” would pose “a real danger that legitimate political expression or association would be impaired.”
In Communist Party of the United States v. Subversive Activities Control Board (1961), the Supreme Court upheld an order that required the Communist Party of the United States to register as a “Communist-action organization” under the act. But later in Albertson v. Subversive Activities Control Board (1965), declared that registration of an individual amounted to self-incrimination and violated the Fifth Amendment
Maurice Braverman, jailed and disbarred for years, remarked in 1974:
"If someone had come to me in 1943 and said, 'If you join the Communist Party you'll be ostracized, imprisoned, suffer tremendous economic loss, your kids will be hurt, you'll go through 20 bad years,' I would not have joined it. But on the other hand I like where I am now, I like my head now that I've got it together, and if the only way to get there is to go through what I have, I’d go through it again.”
For more information and related images, see flic.kr/s/aHskAr2KCx
The photographer is unknown. The image is from a wire service that did not identify itself in the slug. It is housed in the D.C. Library Washington Star Collection © Washington Post.
A divine sentence is in the lips of the king: his mouth transgresseth not in judgment.
Proverbs 16:10 King James Version
Name: William Coleman
Age: 24
Date of Offence: 14th September 1868
Offence: Did burglariously break and enter the dwelling house of one John Turney and did steal therein three pairs of shoes at Luton on the 6th July 1868. Did burglariously break and enter the dwelling house of Matthew Lawrence and did steal therein a watch, (3 Charges of Burglary.)
Sentence: 8 Years Penal Servitude
Type of trial: Assizes
Personal details
Height: 5 ft 4 inches
Identifying marks:
Trade or occupation: Labourer
Education: Imp
Marriage status: Married
Number of children: Unknown
Religion: Church of England
Residence details
Birth town: Hitchin
Birth country: England
Residence town: Luton
Residence county: Bedfordshire
Residence country: England
Copyright: All the above information found and supply by (with thanks) vcp.e2bn.org/
VICTORIAN CRIME and PUNISHMENT
Luton Times and Advertiser:
Saturday 19th September 1868:
Shoe Robbery:
William Coleman, of Luton, labourer, was charged with stealing three pairs of shoes from the house of John Turney, shoemaker, Burr-street, Luton, on the night of the 6th July, value £1 12s. John Turney said on the night of July 6th , he locked up his house safely and went to bed leaving several pairs of shoes in his shop. About two the next morning he was aroused by a policeman, and on going down steirs he found the window open and a policeman standing outside. On inspecting the premises he discovered three pairs of shoes missing, and he valued them at 10s. 6d., a pair. He bought them on the day previous of Mr. Robinson, Bute-street, Luton. On the 23rd of August p.c. Mariner showed him a pair men's shoes, and he recognised them as one of the pairs he had lost. The same shoes were now produced. Joesph Thomas Robinson, a shoemaker, Luton, said he sold the prosecutor three pairs of shoes on the day named, and he believed those produced to be one of them. P.C. Mariner apprehended the prisoner on another charged on the 23rd of August, and on looking at his boots became suspicious. He showed the shoes to the prosecutor, who identified them as one of the pairs he had lost. The prisoner told him that he did not steal the shoes, but that he bought them of a man near Hatfield.Another Robbery: William Coleman, William Scales, and James Bass, were then charged with stealing, from the Rabbit public-house, Luton, on the 17th of August, a box contaiining £50 in gold, £2 10s., in siver, a quantity of wearing apparel value £5, and also a silver watch value £3. Sarah, the wife of Matthew Lawrence, deposed that her husband kept the Rabbit, Old Bedford-road Luton. She know the man Coleman well. On the Monday eveninf in Question she had a box standing in her bedroom containing £50 in gold, £2 or £3 in silver, £5 worth of wearing apparel, and a silver watch was in the roob as well. There were a great many people in the house that night. When she went to bed about a quarter after eleven o'clock her bedroom was very much upset, and the box which contained the property removed into a back room. The watch was gone. The roof of the washhouse was close to the bedroom window, and this window had been open for a fortnight. On searching the room on the following day she found a short stick (produced), and some matches. She then went to London with the police and at the shop of a pawnbroker in Holloway, he saw her watch which had been pawed. The contents of the box had not been disturbed. George Miller, assistant pawnbroker to Messrs. Coley, Hornsey-road, London, was next examined, and identified the prisoner Scales as the man who pledged the watch in the name of “William Horn, Barnet.” he advanced 13s., on the watch. P.C. Bradshaw deposed that he saw the prisoner Coleman at a cricket match on Warden Hills on the day that the robbery was committed at night, he had the stick in his hand which was now produced. P.C. Haynes said he received the stick from Mr. Lawrence. Henry Allen, who keeps the Lord Nelson, in High Town, deposed that the three prisoners were in his house about seven o'clock on the evening in question, but he did not know whattime they left. P.S. Jacquest said he was at the police-station on the 29th of August, when Coleman was under a remand for this and other charges. He (Coleman) said he supposed that he should have to be locked up there till the cases were complete, and that he might as well split, for if he did not do so Scales would. Coleman then made a statement in effect that Bass and Scales stood and watched till he got in at the Rabbit bedroom window and stole the watch, and that having secured it, and having nearly succeeded in getting the box out of the window, he was alarmed by some one moving, and got out the window again and rejoined the other men. Afterwards they all slept in some straw belonging to Timberlake, and on the following Thursday he (Coleman) and Scales went to London and pawned the watch. Inspector James said from something the man Coleman told him he apprehended Scales and took him into the presence of Coleman. He then gave evidence as to statements made by both men implicating each other in the robbery. Bass was also taken into custody and said that he was outside the Rabbit on the night of the robbery and that he afterwards slept in some straw with the other men the same night, but declared that he knew nothing about the watch till the following morning. The prisoners were cautioned and charged, when Scales and Bass made long and rambling statements, both in effect that they did not know the watch was stolen.A Third Robbery: The same prisoners were then charged with stealing, from the dwelling-house of Joseph Salter, grocer, Luton, on the night of the 18th of August, a till containing £2 10s., in copper money and a quantity of postage stamps, and also with stealing a watch, coat, and a pair of trowsers, value £3. Joseph Salter deposed that he is a grocer in partnership with his brother Frederick, and that they have a branch shop in the Hitchin-road. On the 18th of August himself and an assistant named Smith slept at the branch shop, closing and fastening the premises at a quarter to eleven and retiring to rest. The assistant aroused him on the following morning, and in consequence of what he said the shop was searched and the house as well. The window of the sitting room was open and the lock of the door dividing the room from the shop had been taken off. He missed from the shop premises between 2s., and 3s., worth of stamps and about £2 10., in copper money. The till and a box were found in the yard afterwards. Charles Smith, the assistant, said when he went to bed on the night in questionhe hung his watch on the looking-slass and his clothes on the end of the bedstead. When he woke at six in the morning his watch, coat, and trousers were missing. The apparel he afterwards found down stairs, and the watch he afterwards found pledged at a shop in Deptford. He closed the bedroom door when he retired, but found it open in the morning. Henry Phillips said he was a pawnbroker and lived at High-street, Deptford. On the 21st of August the watch (produced) was pledged for 12s., but he could not say who by. Ann Gray, of the Goat, St. Alban's deposed that Coleman and Scales went to her house and took lodgings on the night of the 19th of August, and excharged 2s., worth of poastage stamps. They left the next morning, and she gave the stamps up to Inspector James. P.S. Jacquest deposed to a statement made by the prisoner Coleman at the police-station on the 29th of August whilst he was under remand. The facts in effect were that the three of them planned the robbery, but the other two not appearing at the appointed time he did it himself and pledged the watch. Inspector James deposed that he took the prisoner Scales into custody and Bass also, but they both demed knowledge of the robbery. The prisoners were then committed for trial, and the several witnesses bound over to prosecute.
William Coleman 8 Years, Penal Servitude.
William Scales 7 Years, Penal Servitude.
James Bass Not Guilty.
William Coleman was sentenced to 3 years, penal servitude for burglary in 1863.
Leighton Buzzard Observer and Linslade Gazette:
Tuesday 24th March 1863:
BURGLARY:
Joseph Grey, 16 ostler, William Coleman 19 labourer, and William Scales 22 bonnet-blocker, were charged at the Beds Lent Assizes, on Monday, the 16th, with burglariously breaking into the dwelling-house of Henry Christie, and stealing a pair of boots and a quantity of electro-plated goods, valued £4, the property of the said Henry Christie, at Luton, on the 12th of October 1862. Coleman pleaded Guilty, the other prisoners pleaded Not Guilty. Mr. Metcalfe, instructed by Mr. Simpson, prosecuted. Dr. Abdy defended. The jury Acquitted Grey, and found Scales guilty. Sentenced was deferred until the following charged had been heard.
STEALING BOOTS:
George Pearson 20 labourer, Joseph Grey 16 ostler, William Coleman 19 labourer, were charged at the same Assizes, with stealing a pair of boots, value 10s., the property of Henry Roberts, at Luton, on the 11th of October 1862. A second count charged them with receiving them knowing them to have been stolen. Coleman pleaded Guilty. Mr. Bullock prosecuted. Dr. Abdy defended. The jury found Grey Guilty of stealing, and Pearson Guilty of receiving. Pearson was sentenced to three months' imprisonment with hard labour. Grey and Coleman were sentenced to three years' penal servitude, and Scales was sentenced to eighteen months' imprisonment with hard labour.
The Postcard
A postcard that was published by The Carlton Publishing Co. of London E. C. The card was printed in Austria.
The card was posted in Chester on Saturday the 20th. October 1917 to:
Miss Giles,
38 Hamilton Street,
Hoole,
Chester.
There was a brief pencilled message on the divided back of the card:
"From G. H."
Alice Paul
So what else happened on the day that G. H. posted the card?
Well, on the 20th. October 1917, police in Washington D.C. arrested Alice Paul, a prominent member of the suffragist protest group Silent Sentinels. At the time she was carrying a banner that quoted U.S. President Woodrow Wilson:
"The time has come to conquer or
submit, for us there can be but one
choice. We have made it."
Alice was sentenced to seven months in prison where, after enduring two weeks of solitary confinement, she was released to prison hospital. There she started a hunger strike to protest against the poor conditions of the Virginia penitentiary where many fellow Sentinel members were also imprisoned.
W. B. Yeats
Also on that day, the Irish poet W. B. Yeats, then 51, married 25-year-old Georgie Hyde-Lees at the Harrow Road register office in London with Ezra Pound as best man.
It had been a couple of months after he had a proposal of marriage to his ex-mistress's daughter, Iseult Gonne, rejected.
Elise Kemp
The 20th. October 1917 also marked the death of Elise Kemp, New Zealand nurse.
Elise, who had been born in 1881, was the only military nurse from New Zealand to be killed in action during the Great War.
Syntactic Structure of the sentence, "John hit the ball." An example of grammar analysis.
I used this diagram to illustrate a blog post, "Google Penalty for Low Quality Writing?" In that post, I describe how the search engines like Google could easily be performing some basic-level text analysis and spellchecking in order to automatically generate quality scores for documents. Spammers and lower-quality sites often use a combination of algorithmically-generated text, screen-scraped text, and offshore writers to create a corpus of text for webpages in order to appear relevant for keyword phrases. However, using grammar analysis, Google could penalize such sites for poor sentence composition, nonsensical sentences, and spelling errors.
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The authoritarian, arbitrary and brutally unjust restrictions under the Indeterminate Sentence of Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) were introduced in the United Kingdom in 2005. They were supposedly intended for people considered "dangerous," whose offence didn't merit a life sentence, but they were soon extended to thousands of prisoners, often for dubious reasons.
As the Prison Reform Trust explains they mean "detention in prison for a potentially unlimited period until the person can prove that they are no longer a threat to the public" and "release back into the community on licence, with the potential of being returned to custody."
prisonreformtrust.org.uk/project/imprisonment-for-public-...
This led to thousands of prisoners not having any clear idea of when they might be released and fearing that they might die in prison, with a similar torturous anxiety for those released, with many recalled for breaching their conditions on technical reasons beyond their control, such as over issues of accommodation.
The Prison Reform Trust explained that although the imposition of IPP sentences was abolished in 2012, it wasn't done retrospectively and thousands of prisoners are still waiting to be released despite having finished their sentence, while those in the community face the risk of recall at anytime to custody if they breach the strict conditions of their licence. There have been 81 cases of suicide among IPP prisoners.
In February 2023, the government refused a recommendation from the Justice Select Committee to resentence those suffering under IPP (imprisonment for public protection) sentences, as well as further recommendations covering those IPP prisoners facing similar uncertainty in the community.
www.nacro.org.uk/news/no-hope-now-for-ipp-prisoners-follo...
It was therefore perhaps not unexpected when in April 2023, a prisoner, Joe Outlaw, managed to climb up on to the rooftop of one of Britain's toughest high security prisons - HMP Manchester (otherwise known as Strangeways) to stage a 12 hour protest against the continued imprisonment of thousands of IPPs beyond their sentences.
www.thecanary.co/uk/analysis/2023/04/17/a-prisoner-climbe...
I understand that Joe Outlaw was punished severely for his protest and was subsequently moved to Belmarsh Prison. There is a recent update about his situation on revolutionarycommunist.org but I've had some seemingly technical problems (not sure what the cause is) trying to access the website. When I can get more information I'll post it here.
Rugby organised crime gang sentenced to over 100 years in prison
The last four of 24 men arrested by officers investigating an organised crime group responsible for supplying drugs in the Rugby area were sentenced at Northampton Crown Court on Wednesday 11 January 2012 to a total of 12 years and 2 months. Seven others, including John Logue who controlled a number of drug dealers in the Rugby area were sentenced in December 2011.
Senior Investigating Officer Detective Inspector Mark Davison, said “This brings the total the gang has been sentenced to to 100 years and 10 months. We are delighted at these sentences. "
Full Press release can be found here: onlinenews.warwickshire.police.uk/wpnews_pressrelease/rug...
Mixed-media art card featuring a page from a vintage grammar book and reproductions of vintage owl engravings
Dimensions: 2.5" x 3.5"
Alisha Walker was sentenced to 15 years in prison for the stabbing death of Alan Filan, a teacher in a Catholic school. Filan had contracted Walker and another sex worker to come to his home for a sexual encounter.
According to Walker, Filan brandished a knife when he began to argue over the terms of the evening. Walker grabbed the knife during the struggle that broke out and by her account, stabbed him 14 times in self defense.
A group of Chicagoans gathered to denounce the 15 year sentence as a miscarriage of justice for a woman with a dangerous job who was only trying to defend herself.
September 1, 2005
Collage of sentences from Thomas Mann's Death in Venice.
It was a late summer afternoon in 2005 when my anxious shrinking world seemed to be beset by menacing clouds blowing from all directions. I feel overwrought from months of frustration built up through this nerve taxing work that will not cease to exact my uttermost sustained concentration. Lately I have been feeling hopeless against the onward sweep of the unproductive thoughts within me. I seek but find no relaxation in all the pleasurable pursuits of the past. I take walks in the hope the air and exercise will send me back refreshed to a good day's work.
September has begun and after the dramatic exit of the month of August with its unprecedented devastation of hail, heavy rains and violent wind storms, a mocking giddy sun shone. Ottawa was full of vehicles and pedestrians. Back home in La Peche, the lake was solitary and still. Trees stirred with the rising breeze. I was brought back to reality with the sound of traffic that blends into the wind in the trees and the hum of the old refrigerator that never stops running. I thought of my work and the place where weeks ago I was forced to lay it down since it would not yield. I had meant to bring the work to a certain point before September. The thought of a leisurely ramble east to the Maritimes or west to my granddaughters seemed too fanciful, too expensive, too luxurious to be seriously entertained. This yearning for a distant place, this craving for freedom, release, forgetfulness - they are, I admit an impulse toward flight, from the spot which is the daily theatre of a painstaking, passionate [] struggle. The research, reading and writing I love has almost come to take on a form of a tyrannical avenger. Again and again I try to untie the knot - which physically grasps my neck creating a sensation of a bulky growth whose finger-like tentacles grasp the back of my neck. Again and again I try to break the knot only to retire at last with a shiver of repugnance. What saps my energy is not that I think I am doing bad work. Since my youth I have known the ectasy of conquering the feelings of easy contentment and half-perfections to discipline myself to [fastidious, scrupulous details]. To me it seems my work has ceased to be marked by that fiery passion. I dread the solitude I used to crave shut up here in my heavy discontent. What I need is a break to make this period in my life more tolerable and productive. So ran my thoughts, while the lakeside gusts of wind sang through the heavy branches of trees in all directions around me. Some other physical or psychical influence came to play as I felt the most comforting consciousness of a widening of inward barriers - a kind of vaulting restfulness, a childlike thirst for the first home, the first grove of poplars that sang that familiar melody. I sat there rooted to the spot, my eyes on the birch tree and my pencil frozen in my hand as I explored these feelings, their bearing and scope in my new composition book, labeled fall 2005.
What pleases the [public are lively and vivid plots, actions and descriptions.] But I seem to need a problem. I am obsessed by the presence of the absence. I have taken false steps, blundered, exposed myself, offended against tact and sensitivity. But I have attained to higher goals. My whole life has been one conscious effort to learn, to be useful, to make a small part of the space around me more beautiful. My active mind has been blunted against the sharp and bitter irritant of knowledge. I have called genius itself in question, have become cynical about the nature of art and the artist's life. My self-conscious constancy of purpose now seems shallow and unaware. I am turning my back on the realm of material knowledge in a right about-face. For this kind of knowledge - which calls itself science or art - has lamed my will, my power of action, has paralyzed my feelings and my passions, has deprived all of these of their convictions and their utility. I reject all heroes except those born of weakness. I admire those who labour at the edge of exhaustion, those who continue trying although over-burdened with challenges and faced with a scarcity of resources. I admire those who are worn out but still hold themselves upright.
Note: By the time Gustav von Aschenbach died on a beach in Venice with tinted hair and his face painted in a grotesque effort to hide the ravages of fifty years plus on the body of a highly-disciplined, severe and celebrated author. there was little to admire or even like in this, the main character in Thomas Mann's Death in Venice. [1]
Mann, Thomas. 1912. aus
München, Hyperionverlag Hans von Weber .
But Thomas Mann's writing . . .
Notes
1. I am not sure about this translation.
The sanctuary of the Beata Maria Vergine delle Grazie is a church of Lombard Gothic style located in the small village of Curtatone (Mantua - Italy).
Toward the end of the XIV century, the plague struck the city of Mantua and claimed thousands of victims.
The Virgin Mary invoked by the population miraculously stopped the lethal epidemic. Therefore the city ruler Francesco Gonzaga erected the shrine to the Madonna "per grazia ricevuta", for grace received.
Built on a large square, the basilica overlooks the marshy waters of the lakes that surround Mantova, creating an evocative atmosphere for the numerous groups of tourists and faithful devotees of the Madonna.
Eighty niches arranged on two parallel rows, housed statues-mannequins in various poses and situations representing episodes of escaped danger by intercession of the Virgin.
Central to the history and life of the Sanctuary is the Solemnity of the Assumption, August 15th. From the early morning the streets of the village are invaded by a multitude of pilgrims, and later by the visitors of a traditional trade fair, which has reached an international fame for over thirty years thanks to the presence of the "Madonnari" who with their coloured chalks change the square pavement into a phantasmagorical carpet, reproducting famous paintings of sacred subject.
The fun of diagramming sentences! Relive fifth grade English!
From "The New Continental Practice Exerices in English", Book 7. The Continental Press, Inc. Dallas,TX (and elsewhere) 1963.
BTW, this is the Teacher's Manual. The answers have been filled in by the publishers, so you'll have to use Photoshop to create your own document (to be fair, you should leave the diagram spine).
(Spanish and English description)
El Barrio de Notting Hill es uno de los más emblemáticos y famosos de todo Londres. Fama que tiene por diversos factores, contándose entre ellos el Mercado de Portobello (abarrotado de españoles e Italianos) y la película que protagonizaron Hugh Grant y Julia Roberts(La peli no estaba mal, Julia estaba guapisima!) pero la verdadera causa de esta fama es, en mi opinión, su carnaval.
Este carnaval es hoy por hoy uno de los más famosos del mundo, junto a los de Río de Janeiro, Santa Cruz de Tenerife o Venecia. Aunque con mucho menos “Glamour”.
A diferencia de estos últimos, el de Notting Hill tiene muy pocos años a sus espaldas y tiene sobre todo, una razon de ser y de existir muy especial.
La razón por la cual empezó a celebrarse en los años 50, fue porque la zona de Notting Hill empezó a convertirse en un “ghetto” con gran mayoria Jamaicana, India y otros sabores del caribe. Como ha ocurrido posteriormente en muchos otros países del mundo, empezaron a salir de sus madrigueras todas las alimañas xenófobas que había por la zona. Aquí es cuando entra en juego la Unión Británica de Fascistas, que estaba dirigida por Oswald Mosley y había sobrevivido contra todo pronóstico a la guerra.
Mosley, que durante la guerra perdió la práctica totalidad de los apoyos que le quedaban (y que, por cierto, la pasó entre rejas y luego bajo arresto domiciliario), había logrado re-vertebrar su casi extinto partido en torno al rechazo a la inmigración y al racismo puro y duro. El barrio de Notting Hill era perfecto para sus intereses, y empezaron a provocar a la población de origen jamaicano e indio que vivía allí. El primer incidente tuvo lugar el 20 de agosto de 1958, y se puede decir que hasta el 5 de septiembre, todas las noches hubo algún ataque a la población inmigrante allí residente. La policía detuvo a más de cien personas, la mayoría de ellas de raza blanca, pero también a varios de raza negra. A los nueve más recalcitrantes (todos ellos blancos) se los condenó a cuatro años de cárcel, en lo que se consideró una sentencia ejemplarizante puesto que no hubo heridos graves ni muertos en lo que duraron los disturbios.
Al año siguiente, 1959, se decidió celebrar un carnaval como recordatorio de los incidentes, y con la idea de que no se volviera a repetir. (No se volvió a repetir, al menos en Notting Hill.)
Hoy en día Notting Hill es uno de los barrios más caros de todo Londres, aún tiene casas publicas abarrotadas de inmigrantes, edificios que dificilmente desapereceran ya que es el legado historico del barrio, si vas a Londres durante medediados de Agosto no te lo puedes perder!..Hay muy buen reggae, soca y calypso, y sobre todo, muy buen ambiente!.
.................................................
Notting Hill is one of the most iconic and famous neighbourhoods in London. This reputation is due to several factors. Portobello Market (which is usually crowded with Spanish and Italian) the film which starred Hugh Grant and Julia Roberts(The movie was not bad, Julia was really cute) but the real cause of this fame is, in my opinion, its carnival.
This carnival is today one of the most famous in the world, next to Rio de Janeiro, Santa Cruz de Tenerife and Venice. Although with much less"Glamour".
The reason why began to be celebrated in this neighbourhood a carnival? Here it goes:
In the 50’s Notting Hill area started to become what we now call a "ghetto". As has happened subsequently in many other countries, xenophobic began to emerge from their burrows to piss the immigrants from Jamaica and other Caribbean countries.
The British Union of Fascists, which was led by Oswald Mosley and survived against all odds to war. Mosley, who during the war lost almost all of his remaining support (which, by the way, was spent in jail and then under house arrest), had managed to re-vertebrate his party almost extinct around the rejection of immigration and racism. Notting Hill was perfect for their interests, so they began to provoke Jamaicans and Indians who lived there. The first incident took place on August 20, 1958, and can say that until September 5, every night there was an attack on the immigrant population resident there. Police arrested more than a hundred people, most of them white, but also black number. At nine more recalcitrant (all white) were sentenced to four years in jail, in what was considered exemplary sentence since no serious injuries or deaths as unrest lasted.
The following year, 1959, was decided to hold a carnival as a reminder of the incidents, and promoting the idea that “it won’t happen again”
Today, Notting Hill is one of the most expensive areas in all of London, But even now, many council flats still available and people with low incomes still living there. When you go to London, during mid-August, do not miss Notting Hill Carnival!
Hedwig Engemann, accused of aiding a man she had an affair with in a Nazi-organized effort to conducted sabotage in the United States during World War II, is shown in a full-frontal mugshot after her arrest in 1942.
Hedwig “Hedy” Engemann was born in 1907 in New York to German immigrant parents. The Engemann family moved from the U.S. to Westphalia Germany in 1913. Her father was killed as a member of the German army during World War I in 1914 in France.
Her mother brought Hedwig Engemann and her three brothers back to the United States in 1928 and resettled in New York City where Hedwig worked as a waitress.
Hedwig Engemann took a trip to Miami in January 1940 where she met Eddie Kerling who would become one of six Nazi saboteurs executed by the United States. Engemann had an affair with Kerling, who was married.
She returned to New York later in 1940 working as a governess and later in the family grocery store.
In June 1942 she was approached by Helmut Leiner, a friend of Kerling’s, who asked her to go to Central Park where Kerling was waiting.
She was arrested a week later as the sabotage plot was foiled when one of its members went to the FBI. She was charged with misprision of treason—having knowledge of treason, but not doing anything about it. The person she was supposed to have knowledge of committing treason was Helmut Leiner.
She was also alleged to have changed money for Kerling into smaller denominations. She was the only U.S.-born citizen to be charged in the plot where a total of 22 people were initially arrested.
On advice of counsel, she pled guilty to misprision of treason and was sentenced to three years in prison in November 1942. Ironically Leiner was acquitted of treason charges since he was not a U.S. citizen, though he later went to jail on lesser charges.
Engemann was released on parole in 1945 after serving time in the Women’s House of Detention in New York and Alderson federal prison in West Virginia.
In 1952 she was required to register as an agent of a foreign government under the Internal Security Act of 1950.
Hedwig Engemann died in 1988
Of the eight Nazi saboteurs who landed on U.S. shores by U-boat, six were executed, one received 30 years and one received a life sentence. The latter two were granted clemency in 1948 and deported to Germany.
The other 14 (including Engemann) charged with aiding the saboteurs had various outcomes. Some were initially sentenced to death, but had their sentences overturned. Some served long prison terms, some shorter terms and some had charges dropped.
For more information and related images, see flic.kr/s/aHsmPiRmT4
The photographer is unknown. The image is believed to be a U.S. government photograph. It is housed in the D.C. Library Washington Star Collection.