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**Quarai** - National Register of Historic Places Ref # 66000498, date listed 19661015
1 mi. S of Punta de Agua
Mountainair, NM (Torrance County)
A National Historic Landmark (www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalhistoriclandmarks/list-of-nh...).
Quarai is located at the intersection of several draws in the gently rolling land close to the eastern base of the Manzano Mountains about a mile west of Punta de Agua, New Mexico.
The earliest known occupation of Quarai is represented by a small, mound, measuring 75 feet by 100 feet, south of the larger ruins complex. Adobe walls have been noted to occur within this mound. Judging from the pottery types which this area has yielded, archeologists believe that occupation first occurred about 1250 A.D. and continued until the end of the 14th century. The area then appears to have been uninhabited or only sporadically occupied for about 200 years. (1)
The square kiva located inside the convento of the Quarai Mission is an interesting riddle. What is a subterranean Puebloan religious structure doing within a Spanish mission? And why is a regularly circular kiva in this case square. Just like the kiva inside the convento at Abo, we do not really have a good answer for these questions.
What we do know is that this square kiva was built sometime between 1622 and 1645. This would have been at the same time that the Quarai convento and church were being constructed. The placement of this kiva exactly in the center of the larger patio room suggests that this was not a kiva that existed prior to the construction of the convento, but rather was built in this location on purpose. What this may suggests is that the square kiva was built under the supervision of the Spanish missionaries possibly as a conversion technique. The Spanish recognized that in conversion you would be less successful if you simply disregarded the previous religion.
As for the shape of the kiva, the square design is actually common amongst the western Pueblo groups. This would include the Hopi and Zuni, two tribes that trace their ancestry to the Salinas Pueblo Missions. (2)
References (1) NRHP Nomination Form npgallery.nps.gov/pdfhost/docs/NRHP/Text/66000498.pdf
(2) Salinas Pueblo Mission NPS www.nps.gov/sapu/learn/historyculture/square-kiva.htm
Saipan Islands, Northern Mariana Islands
Listed: 08/25/1995
The Japanese 20mm Cannon Blockhouse is considered significant under National Register criteria A,C, & D.
Criterion A: The Japanese 20mm Cannon Blockhouse is directly associated with the monumental events of World War II in the Pacific. Saipan was the key island in the Marianas chain and the first to be assaulted by American forces. The Japanese also recognized its importance and defended it with over 30,000 men. The ensuing 25-day battle ranks among the bloodiest of the Pacific campaign. American casualties were 3,126 killed and over 14,000 wounded. The Japanese lost nearly their entire garrison. The blockhouse was among the hastily-built fortifications with which the Japanese intended to execute their prevailing defensive strategy which emphasized defeating the enemy at the beach.
The Japanese 20mm Cannon Blockhouse possesses integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling and association. The blockhouse is located at Unai Dankulo Agingan and possesses a panoramic view of the reef flat, the Saipan Channel and Tinian Island. The surrounding area is undeveloped and has changed very little over the past fifty years. Indigenous vegetation is present and no modifications have been made to the blockhouse or to its immediate environs. If one was to enter the blockhouse and look out its gun ports, one would see virtually the same scene as did its Japanese defenders. The blockhouse has remained unmodified; the scars of shellfire which mark its exterior walls gives the visitor a very good feel for what the battle must have been like.
Criterion C: The Japanese 20mm Cannon Blockhouse embodies the distinctive characteristics of Japanese fortification construction undertaken during a three-month period from March to June 1944. The blockhouse was built to a standard design but under very difficult conditions and very likely to substandard specifications. Observations made of concrete exposed in spalled areas reveal that the concrete was made utilizing coral rock aggregate rather than the more durable volcanic aggregate. Volcanic rock was added to concrete mix used to construct reinforced m ilitary buildings on Saipan built before or during the first few years of the war when quality construction materials were readily available. The spalled areas resulted from the oxidation and expansion of reinforcing steel. This suggests that sea water was used during mixing or that rushed working conditions caused construction workers to place reinforcing steel too close to the surface of the pour. Finally, the fact that this blockhouse was never emplaced with weapons makes it characteristic of the fortifications built during the last few months before the American invasion.
Criterion D: The Japanese 20mm Cannon Blockhouse has yielded information important to the study and understanding of World War II events on the island of Saipan. In addition to information previously generated, the future study of this site will allow significant research topics to be addressed. Specifically, data generated from the study of the Agingan blockhouse will permit an analyses of the differences between Japanese fortifications constructed on Saipan, Tinian and Guam, with those built on Rota, an island which was by passed by American forces.
Part of NR’s Washington, D.C. Travel Itinerary. Find exciting information about this property and more sites and historic districts by checking this feature out.
Listed: 01/19/1989
The True Informer Building at 1200 U Street, N.W., constructed in 1902, was one of the first secular buildings in the United States to be designed, financed, and constructed by Black Americans. It is a notable work of John A Lankford, the first Black registered architect in the District of Columbia. From 1903 until 1911, the building housed the United Order of True Reformers, a fraternal benefit organization that was among the most significant cooperative associations serving the economic and social needs of the Black community. From 1937-1959, the building was the home of the 12th and U branch of the Boys Club of the Metropolitan Police, an important institution for Black youth in the District of Columbia. The True Reformer Building is a superb example of a class of multi-purpose buildings developed, and constructed by Blacks to meet the need for public accommodations posed by segregation. Its significance is further enhanced by the important historical role the Washington Black community played in the political, economic, and social life of blacks throughout the United States,
The True Reformer Building meets both National Register Criteria A and C. The building meets National Register Criterion A because of its association with the black self-help movement, an important theme in American history. The building also meets Criterion A because of its association with the United Order of True Reformers (UOTF), an excellent example of the fraternal mutual aid organizations that were, along with Black churches, the most important institutions within the Black community. The True Reformer Building meets National Register Criterion C because it is an excellent example of the work of John A, Lankford, the first Black professional architect in the District of Columbia.
Although the organization that built it no longer exists, the True Reformer Building in Washington is a physical representation of the concepts of selfhelp and racial solidarity that form a continuing theme in Black intellectual history. Not only is it associated with a significant institution embodying those goals, its very form is a monument to them. Black men developed, financed, designed, and constructed the building which demonstrated the capabilities of their race and offered proof that their united efforts could succeed. The significance of this achievement was magnified by the building's location in the District of Columbia.
Looking inside Diamond Valley "B" Signal Box.
Software was developed to record how many trains run on the system through the Diamond Valley controlled area.
Diamond Valley Railway Sunday 02-06-2019.
Nurses Across Country to Hold National Day of Action July 21 to Demand Patient, Nurse Protections
The pandemic is not over; employers must address serious safety issues, say nurses
Registered nurse members of National Nurses United (NNU), the largest union and professional association of RNs in the country, will hold a national day of action on Wednesday, July 21, to demand that employers address problems highlighted by the Covid-19 pandemic and prioritize patient safety and workplace protections.
Tens of thousands of NNU registered nurses are in the process of bargaining contracts that govern safe patient care conditions and their own workplace safety. RNs say it is crucial to win these protections in writing because employers have proven during the pandemic that they will continue to prioritize the bottom line over occupational and public health and safety. To date, more than 400 RNs have died of Covid.
The Douglas Prisoner of War Camp operated from 1942 to 1946 and housed 2,000 Italians until the surrender of Italy and then 3,000 Germans until after the end of World War II. The Officers' Cub is on the National Register of Historic Places #01000965.
August 31, 2019 - The SeaWalk® located on Decks 16 and 17 on the starboard side of Royal Princess. "A dramatic over-the-ocean glass walkway, the SeaWalk® is the first of its kind at sea. At 60 feet long, cantilevered 128 feet above the waves and extending 28 feet beyond the edge of the ship, it affords thrilling vistas of the ever-changing seascape. Just as the Captain can look through glass panels in the floor of the bridge, passengers can now share in that breathtaking experience. Across the ship, the SeaView Bar goes one step further with a glass paneled floor and drinks prepared during exciting shows with flair." Previous text from Princess Cruises website.
The Canton Asylum for American Indians Cemetery was added to the National Register in February 1998 and is located in Canton, Lincoln County. Photographs from nomination.
The Canton Asylum cemetery is located on the Hiawatha Municipal Golf Course between the golf course club house and Canton-Inwood Hospital. The cemetery is significant for its association with the Native Americans and the Canton Asylum for Insane Indians. The cemetery was used between 1903 and 1934 for the patients of the Asylum. The Canton Asylum was the second federal institution for the insane, predated only by Saint Elizabeth in Washington DC which had been established in 1855. In the late 1940s the asylum was raised. The cemetery is the only remaining site associated with the asylum. The Canton Asylum Cemetery relates to the South Dakota State context is the areas of Depression and Rebuilding 1893-1929, under Civic Improvements and New Government-Related Structures and Sioux Era 1750 to present, under Government-Constructed sites and structures.
The asylum was established by Congress in 1899 and the Indian Appropriation Act of 1900 set aside $3,000 for land and $42,000 for construction of a building. Leading the charge to build the asylum was South Dakota Representative OC Gifford and Senator R Pettigrew. Because of its central location among the Western states, with large Indian populations and
because of the influence of Gifford and Pettigrew, Canton was chosen as the site for the asylum. One hundred acres were purchased a mile east of Canton on the hills overlooking
the Sioux River.
The first death occurred at the asylum on May 20, 1903. The superintendent notified the agent of the reservation where the patient had originally lived. After receiving no request to send the body home, he made arrangements for internment on the grounds. A section of land was reserved, and over the next thirty years it received the remains of patients from the asylum. The Bureau of Indian Affairs informed the superintendent that stone markers were unwarranted, so the graves were unmarked. On a chart hanging in the office, the superintendent recorded the name and location of each deceased patient. However in 1970, a complete burial stone with a bronze plaque was placed in the cemetery. Listed on the plaque are the names of 120 patients who had died and were buried at Canton during the thirty-two years of the institution.
To visit the cemetery, check in with the golf course clubhouse first.
Calhoun County, AL
Listed: 11/08/2006
The Fort McClellan Post Headquarters Historic District is significant under National Register Criterion A and C. Historically, the district served as the primary headquarters, officers' quarters and permanent barracks core of Fort McClellan, a 45,680-acre U.S. Army facility established as a National Guard Training camp in 1917 and upgraded to a permanent fort in 1929. Closed in 1999, Fort McClellan was a major military installation for more than eighty years during which time it was also an integral part of the economy and the community character of the City of Anniston. Generations of American men and women received their military training at McClellan and the fort's trainees have fought in every military conflict from World War I through the present. During World War II alone, almost one-half million soldiers were trained at McClellan. Architecturally the district is representative of the development of military facility planning in the early 20th century, a time during which "an outstanding group of city planners, architects and landscape designers who were trained in the principles of the City Beautiful and Garden City movements" were employed to create military installations that met high standards for both functionality and aesthetics. This attention to design detail coupled with McClellan's natural setting at the base of the Choccolocco mountain range combined to earn the fort the reputation for being "the military showplace of the South." The combination of function and aesthetics was carried throughout the Post Headquarters Historic District and many of its individual contributing resources are excellent examples of period military design. The period of significance for the district extends from 1930 through 1941 and reflects the construction dates of its earliest and latest contributing extant buildings.
The Fort McClellan Post Headquarters Historic District includes sixty-three contributing resources that date from 1930 to 1941. As a group these buildings formed the headquarters, officers' quarters and permanent barracks core of the former military base. The design and layout of the district's resources are consistent with the overall planning that typified the fort's development during this period. The Historic Resources of McClellan are significant in community planning and development as an important early example of the application of community design principles to standardized military construction. This 1930s breed of military posts was a deviation from previous patterns of grid development, although McClellan's World War I heritage also had an impact on the shape it was to take. The intervening period of neglect during the 1920s, a result of stringent federal cutbacks, was to be followed in 1926 by the largest military construction appropriation since the war. Major General B. Frank Cheatham, the Quartermaster General, began his program of nationwide post improvements in the late 1920s with an outstanding group of city planners, architects and landscape designers who were trained in the principles of the City Beautiful and Garden City movements. These expenditures to create a permanent peacetime military establishment came later to Fort McClellan than to its regional counterparts such as Fort Benning in Georgia, but they soon earned it a reputation as the military showplace of the South. During the Depression, the well-funded construction programs were replaced by assistance channeled through New Deal social programs, and these buildings also very much define the character of fort.