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Fluorite and calcite from Ohio, USA.
A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are about 5400 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.
The halides are the "salt minerals", and have one or more of the following anions: Cl-, F-, I-, Br-.
Fluorite is a calcium fluoride mineral (CaF2). The most diagnostic physical property of fluorite is its hardness (H≡4). Fluorite typically forms cubic crystals and, when broken, displays four cleavage planes (also quite diagnostic). When broken under controlled conditions, the broken pieces of fluorite form double pyramids. Fluorite is a good example of a mineral that can be any color. Common fluorite colors include clear, purple, blue, green, yellow, orange, and brown. The stereotypical color for fluorite is purple. Purple is the color fluorite "should be". A mineral collector doesn't have fluorite unless it's a purple fluorite (!).
Fluorite occurs in association with some active volcanoes. HF emitted from volcanoes can react with Ca-bearing rocks to form fluorite crystals. Many hydrothermal veins contain fluorite. Much fluorite occurs in the vicinity of southern Illinois (Mississippi Valley-type deposits).
Locality: Auglaize Quarry, southeast of the town of Junction, northeastern Paulding County, northwestern Ohio, USA
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Photo gallery of fluorite:
Fluorite from Ohio, USA. (public display, Geology Department, Wittenberg University, Springfield, Ohio, USA)
A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are about 5400 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.
The halides are the "salt minerals", and have one or more of the following anions: Cl-, F-, I-, Br-.
Fluorite is a calcium fluoride mineral (CaF2). The most diagnostic physical property of fluorite is its hardness (H≡4). Fluorite typically forms cubic crystals and, when broken, displays four cleavage planes (also quite diagnostic). When broken under controlled conditions, the broken pieces of fluorite form double pyramids. Fluorite is a good example of a mineral that can be any color. Common fluorite colors include clear, purple, blue, green, yellow, orange, and brown. The stereotypical color for fluorite is purple. Purple is the color fluorite "should be". A mineral collector doesn't have fluorite unless it's a purple fluorite (!).
Fluorite occurs in association with some active volcanoes. HF emitted from volcanoes can react with Ca-bearing rocks to form fluorite crystals. Many hydrothermal veins contain fluorite. Much fluorite also occurs in the southern Illinois area (Mississippi Valley-type deposits).
Geologic context: vug-filling fluorite crystals in carbonate rock of the Detroit River Group or Dundee Limestone (Lower to Middle Devonian)
Locality: Stoneco Incorporated's Auglaize Quarry, southwest of the town of Junction, northeastern Paulding County, northwestern Ohio, USA
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Photo gallery of fluorite:
Ohio State Route 111 is a lovely rural byway that connects the Indiana-Ohio state line with the town of Defiance. It passes through portions of Paulding and Defiance counties.
Fluorite from Ohio, USA. (Joseph Vasichko collection)
A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are about 5400 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.
The halides are the "salt minerals", and have one or more of the following anions: Cl-, F-, I-, Br-.
Fluorite is a calcium fluoride mineral (CaF2). The most diagnostic physical property of fluorite is its hardness (H≡4). Fluorite typically forms cubic crystals and, when broken, displays four cleavage planes (also quite diagnostic). When broken under controlled conditions, the broken pieces of fluorite form double pyramids. Fluorite is a good example of a mineral that can be any color. Common fluorite colors include clear, purple, blue, green, yellow, orange, and brown. The stereotypical color for fluorite is purple. Purple is the color fluorite "should be". A mineral collector doesn't have fluorite unless it's a purple fluorite (!).
Fluorite occurs in association with some active volcanoes. HF emitted from volcanoes can react with Ca-bearing rocks to form fluorite crystals. Many hydrothermal veins contain fluorite. Much fluorite also occurs in the southern Illinois area (Mississippi Valley-type deposits).
Geologic context: vug-filling fluorite crystals in carbonate rock (found in September 2016) of the Detroit River Group or Dundee Limestone (Lower to Middle Devonian)
Locality: Stoneco Incorporated's Auglaize Quarry, southwest of the town of Junction, northeastern Paulding County, northwestern Ohio, USA
------------------------
Photo gallery of fluorite:
Paulding County(GA) Ladder 1 is a 1987 Cincinnat/KME/Simon-LTI quint. It is equipped with a 75' RM ladder, a 1500 gpm pump and 400 gallon tank. It is diesel-powered with an automatic transmission. Photo taken 28 July 1990 at the annual Atlanta muster. This truck was sold to the Cobb County FD and became their Lad 16.
Ricoh 35mm SLR
Paulding County, GA
2019 Rosenbaur Warrior
Job #42431
Squad 1 serves countywide.
Paulding County FIre Station 1:
169 Thomas B. Murphy DR
Dallas, Ga 30132
This lovely edifice was erected in 1892 using the designs of architects Bruce and Morgan. It stands on the center square in downtown Dallas, Georgia, and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
Phacops rana crassituberculata Stumm, 1953 - fossil trilobite from the Devonian of Ohio, USA. (Dave Mielke collection; temporary public display, Ohio Geological Survey, Columbus, Ohio, USA)
This fossil is also known as Eldredgeops rana crassituberculata.
Trilobites are extinct marine arthropods. They first appear in Lower Cambrian rocks and the entire group went extinct at the end of the Permian. Trilobites had a calcitic exoskeleton and nonmineralizing parts underneath (legs, gills, gut, etc.). The calcite skeleton is most commonly preserved in the fossil record, although soft-part preservation is known in some trilobites (Ex: Burgess Shale and Hunsruck Slate). Trilobites had a head (cephalon), a body of many segments (thorax), and a tail (pygidium). Molts and carcasses usually fell apart quickly - most trilobite fossils are isolated parts of the head (cranidium and free cheeks), individual thoracic segments, or isolated pygidia. The name "trilobite" was introduced in 1771 by Johann Ernst Immanuel Walch and refers to the tripartite division of the trilobite body - it has a central axial lobe that runs longitudinally from the head to the tail, plus two side lobes (pleural lobes).
Seen here is a famous trilobite whose remains are relatively common in the Middle Devonian-aged Silica Formation of northeastern Ohio. This is Phacops rana crassituberculata (also known as Eldredgeops, an unnecessary genus name based on taxonomic oversplitting). Phacops trilobite fossils occur with other typical Middle Paleozoic shallow marine invertebrates: brachiopods, bryozoans, crinoids, and corals.
Classification: Animalia, Arthropoda, Trilobita, Polymerida, Phacopidae
Stratigraphy: Silica Formation (also known as the Silica Shale), Givetian Stage, upper Middle Devonian
Locality: quarry northwest of the town of Paulding, northern Paulding County, northwestern Ohio, USA (41° 10' 52.55" North latitude, 84° 37' 19.32" West longitude)
----------------------------
See info. at:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilobite
and
It was still quite cool and wet at this habitat at this time of year compared to Texas. Traces of snow could still be seen on the Kaibab Plateau.
Phacops rana crassituberculata Stumm, 1953 - fossil trilobite from the Devonian of Ohio, USA. (Dave Mielke collection; temporary public display, Ohio Geological Survey, Columbus, Ohio, USA)
This fossil is also known as Eldredgeops rana crassituberculata.
Trilobites are extinct marine arthropods. They first appear in Lower Cambrian rocks and the entire group went extinct at the end of the Permian. Trilobites had a calcitic exoskeleton and nonmineralizing parts underneath (legs, gills, gut, etc.). The calcite skeleton is most commonly preserved in the fossil record, although soft-part preservation is known in some trilobites (Ex: Burgess Shale and Hunsruck Slate). Trilobites had a head (cephalon), a body of many segments (thorax), and a tail (pygidium). Molts and carcasses usually fell apart quickly - most trilobite fossils are isolated parts of the head (cranidium and free cheeks), individual thoracic segments, or isolated pygidia. The name "trilobite" was introduced in 1771 by Johann Ernst Immanuel Walch and refers to the tripartite division of the trilobite body - it has a central axial lobe that runs longitudinally from the head to the tail, plus two side lobes (pleural lobes).
Seen here is a famous trilobite whose remains are relatively common in the Middle Devonian-aged Silica Formation of northeastern Ohio. This is Phacops rana crassituberculata (also known as Eldredgeops, an unnecessary genus name based on taxonomic oversplitting). Phacops trilobite fossils occur with other typical Middle Paleozoic shallow marine invertebrates: brachiopods, bryozoans, crinoids, and corals.
Classification: Animalia, Arthropoda, Trilobita, Polymerida, Phacopidae
Stratigraphy: Silica Formation (also known as the Silica Shale), Givetian Stage, upper Middle Devonian
Locality: quarry northwest of the town of Paulding, northern Paulding County, northwestern Ohio, USA (41° 10' 52.55" North latitude, 84° 37' 19.32" West longitude)
----------------------------
See info. at:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilobite
and
Paulding Exempted Village Schools 1 - 2006 Blue Bird Vision - Retired; Cardinal Bus Sales - Lima, Ohio. One of many Blue Birds in the fleet.
This is by far one of the most interesting receptacles made and precedes the "T-Slot" Receptacle. This receptacle accepts parallel and tandem blade plugs. In the corner of the receptacle, the initials "J.I.P." are visible, denoting it's manufacturer: "John I. Paulding." Receptacles like this one are seen in catalogs dating as early as 1910. This particular receptacle was obtained from a Rowhouse in Reading, PA.
Hippocardia cunea (Conrad, 1840) - fossil rostroconch from the Devonian of Ohio, USA. (Dave Mielke collection; temporary public display, Ohio Geological Survey, Columbus, Ohio, USA)
This species is also known as Hoareicardia cunea.
Rostroconchs are an extinct class of molluscs. They are restricted to the Paleozoic - they first appear in Lower Cambrian rocks and go extinct in the Upper Permian. Rostroconchs somewhat resemble bivalves (= clams & relatives), but they are actually pseudobivalved. They have a continuous, univalved, calcareous shell roughly shaped like a taco. As the organism grows, it breaks the shell along a "hinge line" and recements the shell together. This can be seen as tiny breaks and cracks that have been resealed. True bivalves have two separate calcareous shells held together by organic material. Bivalves can readily open and shut their shells.
Rostroconchs had an inferred semi-infaunal lifestyle and, as a group, were likely deposit feeders or filter feeders or both. They had a permanent anterior gape (open space between the edges of the "two" shells and a posterior rostrum (= tubular extension of the shell). Some rostroconchs had a hood - an extension of shell material around the rostrum. The soft-part anatomy was probably clam-like. They had their greatest diversity during the Early Ordovician.
Classification: Animalia, Mollusca, Rostroconchia, Conocardiida, Hippocardiidae
Stratigraphy: Silica Formation (also known as the Silica Shale), Givetian Stage, upper Middle Devonian
Locality: quarry northwest of the town of Paulding, northern Paulding County, northwestern Ohio, USA (41° 10' 52.55" North latitude, 84° 37' 19.32" West longitude)
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See info. at:
Photograph-"The Heritage of Paulding County, 1832-1999"
Photographer unknown
During the Great Depression, family became even more important to everyone. Aside from religion, family was the only place people could turn to. People turned to their family for comfort. They were able to help each other because they knew what the others were going through. Like in this family portrait, families usually had a lot of people in them and they were very close. Because of the legal costs, couples delayed marriage and divorce rates also dropped dramatically. Also, for the first time in history, the birthrates dropped below the replacement level. However, in some cases, the families were not close and many times husbands walked out on their families. For the first time, men had to rely on their wives and their children to make ends meet. Many husbands could not handle the loss of power and walked out on their families. Although families went through hardships dealing with the Great Depression itself, they were not aware of the toll that it would take on their families. Despite all of these difficult things, family still remained a big part of most people’s lives.
Wecter, Dixon. The Age of the Great Depression, 1929-1941. New York: Macmillan Co., 1948.
For more information visit:
This monument was designed by John Paulding and it was dedicated in 1922 in front of Knoxville High School in downtown Knoxville, Tennessee.
To find out more about this monument please refer to this website: doughboysearcher.weebly.com/the-doughboy-war-viquesney-vs...
Phacops rana crassituberculata Stumm, 1953 - fossil trilobite from the Devonian of Ohio, USA. (Dave Mielke collection; temporary public display, Ohio Geological Survey, Columbus, Ohio, USA)
This fossil is also known as Eldredgeops rana crassituberculata.
Trilobites are extinct marine arthropods. They first appear in Lower Cambrian rocks and the entire group went extinct at the end of the Permian. Trilobites had a calcitic exoskeleton and nonmineralizing parts underneath (legs, gills, gut, etc.). The calcite skeleton is most commonly preserved in the fossil record, although soft-part preservation is known in some trilobites (Ex: Burgess Shale and Hunsruck Slate). Trilobites had a head (cephalon), a body of many segments (thorax), and a tail (pygidium). Molts and carcasses usually fell apart quickly - most trilobite fossils are isolated parts of the head (cranidium and free cheeks), individual thoracic segments, or isolated pygidia. The name "trilobite" was introduced in 1771 by Johann Ernst Immanuel Walch and refers to the tripartite division of the trilobite body - it has a central axial lobe that runs longitudinally from the head to the tail, plus two side lobes (pleural lobes).
Seen here is a famous trilobite whose remains are relatively common in the Middle Devonian-aged Silica Formation of northeastern Ohio. This is Phacops rana crassituberculata (also known as Eldredgeops, an unnecessary genus name based on taxonomic oversplitting). Phacops trilobite fossils occur with other typical Middle Paleozoic shallow marine invertebrates: brachiopods, bryozoans, crinoids, and corals.
Classification: Animalia, Arthropoda, Trilobita, Polymerida, Phacopidae
Stratigraphy: Silica Formation (also known as the Silica Shale), Givetian Stage, upper Middle Devonian
Locality: quarry northwest of the town of Paulding, northern Paulding County, northwestern Ohio, USA (41° 10' 52.55" North latitude, 84° 37' 19.32" West longitude)
----------------------------
See info. at:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilobite
and
Rock gypsum from the Devonian of Ohio, USA.
Sedimentary rocks form by the solidification of loose sediments. Loose sediments become hard rocks by the processes of deposition, burial, compaction, dewatering, and cementation.
There are three categories of sedimentary rocks:
1) Siliciclastic sedimentary rocks form by the solidification of sediments produced by weathering & erosion of any previously existing rocks.
2) Biogenic sedimentary rocks form by the solidification of sediments that were once-living organisms (plants, animals, micro-organisms).
3) Chemical sedimentary rocks form by the solidification of sediments formed by inorganic chemical reactions. Most sedimentary rocks have a clastic texture, but some are crystalline.
Rock gypsum (also known as gyprock) is a chemical sedimentary rock. It is an example of an evaporite - it forms by the evaporation of water (usually seawater) and the precipitation of dissolved minerals. Rock salt & rock gypsum often occur together in evaporitic successions. Rock gypsum is composed of the mineral gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O - hydrous calcium sulfate). Heating of gypsum or rock gypsum drives off the water, leaving only calcium sulfate behind (the mineral anhydrite). Adding water to anhydrite results in the formation of gypsum again.
Rock gypsum, unlike rock salt, does not have a salty taste, and is softer (H = 2) - it can be scratched with a fingernail. Rock gypsum’s color is often a mottled whitish-light grayish-light brownish. It is usually microcrystalline and powdery looking (it’s much finer-grained than typical rock salt deposits). Rock gypsum superficially resembles chalk. Chalk is calcitic, and so will bubble in acid - rock gypsum does not bubble in acid. Rock gypsum samples vary from extremely friable to moderately solid.
Stratigraphy: attributed to the Lucas Formation, Middle Devonian
Locality: undisclosed site in Paulding County (likely a quarry), northwestern Ohio, USA
Upper Bond Falls
Ontonagon River
Michigan State Scenic Site
Paulding, Michigan
View it extra large here
Fluorite from Ohio, USA. (Joseph Vasichko collection)
A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are about 5400 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.
The halides are the "salt minerals", and have one or more of the following anions: Cl-, F-, I-, Br-.
Fluorite is a calcium fluoride mineral (CaF2). The most diagnostic physical property of fluorite is its hardness (H≡4). Fluorite typically forms cubic crystals and, when broken, displays four cleavage planes (also quite diagnostic). When broken under controlled conditions, the broken pieces of fluorite form double pyramids. Fluorite is a good example of a mineral that can be any color. Common fluorite colors include clear, purple, blue, green, yellow, orange, and brown. The stereotypical color for fluorite is purple. Purple is the color fluorite "should be". A mineral collector doesn't have fluorite unless it's a purple fluorite (!).
Fluorite occurs in association with some active volcanoes. HF emitted from volcanoes can react with Ca-bearing rocks to form fluorite crystals. Many hydrothermal veins contain fluorite. Much fluorite also occurs in the southern Illinois area (Mississippi Valley-type deposits).
Geologic context: vug-filling fluorite crystals in carbonate rock (found in September 2016) of the Detroit River Group or Dundee Limestone (Lower to Middle Devonian)
Locality: Stoneco Incorporated's Auglaize Quarry, southwest of the town of Junction, northeastern Paulding County, northwestern Ohio, USA
------------------------
Photo gallery of fluorite:
The only two flowers open on this day. Perhaps several hundred flowers at this site were open the previous day. Note the seed capsule swelling on the two fading flowers and two unopened buds in the center of the frame.
The flowers in this photo are 1.5cm diameter.
Canon 100mm macro lens.
The two flowers open on one cluster of of flowering plants. Flowers 1.5cm diameter, plant stalks approximately 20cm tall.
Professor Paulding Leftewicz heard about the Ghost Train and was contacted by the residents of Timorous to come and help them. He will assess the situation and call on his team if needed. They are experienced with working with ghosts and their hexes.
Photo A Day
283/365
10 October 2015
Phacops rana crassituberculata Stumm, 1953 - fossil trilobite from the Devonian of Ohio, USA. (Dave Mielke collection; temporary public display, Ohio Geological Survey, Columbus, Ohio, USA)
This fossil is also known as Eldredgeops rana crassituberculata.
Trilobites are extinct marine arthropods. They first appear in Lower Cambrian rocks and the entire group went extinct at the end of the Permian. Trilobites had a calcitic exoskeleton and nonmineralizing parts underneath (legs, gills, gut, etc.). The calcite skeleton is most commonly preserved in the fossil record, although soft-part preservation is known in some trilobites (Ex: Burgess Shale and Hunsruck Slate). Trilobites had a head (cephalon), a body of many segments (thorax), and a tail (pygidium). Molts and carcasses usually fell apart quickly - most trilobite fossils are isolated parts of the head (cranidium and free cheeks), individual thoracic segments, or isolated pygidia. The name "trilobite" was introduced in 1771 by Johann Ernst Immanuel Walch and refers to the tripartite division of the trilobite body - it has a central axial lobe that runs longitudinally from the head to the tail, plus two side lobes (pleural lobes).
Seen here is a famous trilobite whose remains are relatively common in the Middle Devonian-aged Silica Formation of northeastern Ohio. This is Phacops rana crassituberculata (also known as Eldredgeops, an unnecessary genus name based on taxonomic oversplitting). Phacops trilobite fossils occur with other typical Middle Paleozoic shallow marine invertebrates: brachiopods, bryozoans, crinoids, and corals.
Classification: Animalia, Arthropoda, Trilobita, Polymerida, Phacopidae
Stratigraphy: Silica Formation (also known as the Silica Shale), Givetian Stage, upper Middle Devonian
Locality: quarry northwest of the town of Paulding, northern Paulding County, northwestern Ohio, USA (41° 10' 52.55" North latitude, 84° 37' 19.32" West longitude)
----------------------------
See info. at:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilobite
and
Rock gypsum from the Devonian of Ohio, USA.
Sedimentary rocks form by the solidification of loose sediments. Loose sediments become hard rocks by the processes of deposition, burial, compaction, dewatering, and cementation.
There are three categories of sedimentary rocks:
1) Siliciclastic sedimentary rocks form by the solidification of sediments produced by weathering & erosion of any previously existing rocks.
2) Biogenic sedimentary rocks form by the solidification of sediments that were once-living organisms (plants, animals, micro-organisms).
3) Chemical sedimentary rocks form by the solidification of sediments formed by inorganic chemical reactions. Most sedimentary rocks have a clastic texture, but some are crystalline.
Rock gypsum (also known as gyprock) is a chemical sedimentary rock. It is an example of an evaporite - it forms by the evaporation of water (usually seawater) and the precipitation of dissolved minerals. Rock salt & rock gypsum often occur together in evaporitic successions. Rock gypsum is composed of the mineral gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O - hydrous calcium sulfate). Heating of gypsum or rock gypsum drives off the water, leaving only calcium sulfate behind (the mineral anhydrite). Adding water to anhydrite results in the formation of gypsum again.
Rock gypsum, unlike rock salt, does not have a salty taste, and is softer (H = 2) - it can be scratched with a fingernail. Rock gypsum’s color is often a mottled whitish-light grayish-light brownish. It is usually microcrystalline and powdery looking (it’s much finer-grained than typical rock salt deposits). Rock gypsum superficially resembles chalk. Chalk is calcitic, and so will bubble in acid - rock gypsum does not bubble in acid. Rock gypsum samples vary from extremely friable to moderately solid.
Stratigraphy: attributed to the Lucas Formation, Middle Devonian
Locality: undisclosed site in Paulding County (likely a quarry), northwestern Ohio, USA
Near Payne, in Paulding County, Ohio. These are located starting at less than a mile east of the Indiana border. The windmills are massive!
Paulding County, GA
2014 Ford F450/Reading
Rescue 3 serves the Mount Tabor and East Paulding Communities.
Paulding County Fire Station 3:
2450 Mt. Tabor Church RD
Dallas, GA 30157
Hippocardia cunea (Conrad, 1840) - fossil rostroconch from the Devonian of Ohio, USA. (Dave Mielke collection; temporary public display, Ohio Geological Survey, Columbus, Ohio, USA)
This species is also known as Hoareicardia cunea.
Rostroconchs are an extinct class of molluscs. They are restricted to the Paleozoic - they first appear in Lower Cambrian rocks and go extinct in the Upper Permian. Rostroconchs somewhat resemble bivalves (= clams & relatives), but they are actually pseudobivalved. They have a continuous, univalved, calcareous shell roughly shaped like a taco. As the organism grows, it breaks the shell along a "hinge line" and recements the shell together. This can be seen as tiny breaks and cracks that have been resealed. True bivalves have two separate calcareous shells held together by organic material. Bivalves can readily open and shut their shells.
Rostroconchs had an inferred semi-infaunal lifestyle and, as a group, were likely deposit feeders or filter feeders or both. They had a permanent anterior gape (open space between the edges of the "two" shells and a posterior rostrum (= tubular extension of the shell). Some rostroconchs had a hood - an extension of shell material around the rostrum. The soft-part anatomy was probably clam-like. They had their greatest diversity during the Early Ordovician.
Classification: Animalia, Mollusca, Rostroconchia, Conocardiida, Hippocardiidae
Stratigraphy: Silica Formation (also known as the Silica Shale), Givetian Stage, upper Middle Devonian
Locality: quarry northwest of the town of Paulding, northern Paulding County, northwestern Ohio, USA (41° 10' 52.55" North latitude, 84° 37' 19.32" West longitude)
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See info. at:
Jeremy Bos, Michael Maurer, Douglas Sims; Electrical and Computer Engineering
Advisors: Dr. Michael C. Roggemann, Dr. Christopher Middlebrook
The Paulding Mystery Light is a purportedly unexplained optical phenomenon, occurring nightly, deep in the woods of Michigans Upper Peninsula. Each evening up to a hundred spectators gather at the end of a washed out road to observe the flickering light. In local legends, the origin of the light is often attributed to the paranormal. As a student-run research project The Michigan Tech Student Chapter of the SPIE initiated a project in 2008 to understand the cause of the Paulding Lights. A team was formed pairing graduate and undergraduate researchers and under guidance from faculty. Previous investigations by paranormal skeptics attributed the lights to automobile headlights though the exact source location was not identified. These investigators also failed to address claims that the light appeared to move or dance along the horizon. Our team applied a number of techniques toward identifying and then verifying the source location of the Paulding Light. Beginning with observation through a telescope, the team moved to using tools such as detailed topographical maps and more common tools such as Google Street View to identify a candidate source location. The candidate source location was then validated by first, recreating the light using a stopped vehicle. Additional verification was achieved by recording the traffic flow at the source location and examining the correlations both heuristically and stochastically. A spectrometer was also brought to bear on the light allowing the team to compare the spectrum of the Paulding light to the spectrum of various automotive headlamps. Our findings, presented here, indicate that the source of the Paulding light is automobile traffic on a stretch of road about 7 km from the viewing location. This conclusion is supported overwhelming by the data we have collected. In addition to our findings, we also provide some speculation on the cause of the more spectacular claims surrounding these mystery lights and possibilities for future work.
Favositid fossil coral in the Devonian of Ohio, USA.
Corals are essentially sea anemones (polyps) that make a skeleton, which is usually mineralized. Most corals are colonial, but some are solitary. This particular fossil is a favositid, or "honeycomb coral", an extinct group of tabulate corals.
Classification: Animalia, Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Tabulata, Favositidae
Stratigraphy: Dundee Limestone, Middle Devonian
Locality: quarry northwest of the town of Paulding, northern Paulding County, northwestern Ohio, USA (41° 10' 52.55" North latitude, 84° 37' 19.32" West longitude)
-----------------------------------
See info. at:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favosites
and
The structure seems to have been designed as a brooder house for incubating and raising young chicks. While brooder houses come in various shapes, they share certain key features. To keep hatchlings and young chicks warm, the building is placed in an open area with south-facing windows. It has a shed roof, which allows for larger coops without significantly increasing air space. Ventilators or flues extend from the structure to provide a proper ventilation and air exchange system.
Paulding County, GA
2016 E-ONE Cyclone II
300gal/2000gpm/100'
Job #140305
Truck 2 serves the city of Hiram.
Paulding County Fire Station 2:
535 Seaboard AVE
Hiram, GA 30141
Located on the square of the 1881 Saline County Courthouse in downtown Marshall, this monument was erected ca. 1927 using the designs of sculptor John Paulding.
Please refer to this website for more information on the Paulding Doughboy statues located around the nation: doughboysearcher.weebly.com/e-m-viquesney-vs-john-pauldin...
Marshall, Missouri is located in the central western part of the state between Kansas City and Columbia in the region sometimes known as Little Dixie. It serves as the seat of Saline County.
This lovely edifice was erected in 1892 using the designs of architects Bruce and Morgan. It stands on the center square in downtown Dallas, Georgia, and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
The Fannin-Cooper Farm in Paulding County was honored as a 2013 Georgia Centennial Farm because it was farmed by multiple families for more than 100 years and because it is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. The farm has been operated continuously since 1858 by the Fannin and Cooper families and is owned by Anthony A. Cooper, Jr. The Fannins raised corn and cotton, as well as cattle and hogs. The 84-acre farmstead includes two houses, outbuildings, and farmland. Today the main crops are hay, timber and cattle.
Photo by Charlie Miller