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This is my third day of shooting snow sports since the late 90's (but that was with film). This time I got to take Sketchy's D100 and my Sigma 28-70mm 1:2.8-4D. It's a little tricky, but I managed to employ the circular polarizer as well (some of the shots came out better than others).
multi-media piece I did for a preset for my friend. Letters are cardboard cutouts, black lines are bits of string. everything else is acrylic paint.
Detail shot here
Sandia National Laboratories research technologist Keith Hodge assembles an intricate gas gun target prior to a shock physics experiment. The guns of shock physics at Sandia have been used to explore everything from the properties of new materials to the 2003 Columbia shuttle disaster.
Learn more at www.sandia.gov/news/publications/labnews/articles/2018/02....
Photo by Randy Montoya.
Russian physics and politics, and Kazakh poetry, left to decompose.
—a fragment of soviet history in europeward looking Estonia's cultural capital, Tartu
ФЭД 5
Contemplating puddles, and the physics of drops impacting the watery surface. Lots of physics there, but I've forgotten most everything in that area that I once studied.
photoarchive.lib.uchicago.edu/db.xqy?one=apf4-02035.xml
Title: Classes, Labs, Seminars
View: Physics 1
SeriesIV: Student Activities
Subject Terms: Physics--Research | Tesla coils | Research laboratories
Photograph Date: Undated
Location:University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
Collection: Archival Photographic Files
Repository: University of Chicago Library, Special Collections Research Center
Image Identifier: apf4-02035
The muon g-2 storage ring is embarking on a cross-country journey from the woods of Long Island to the plains near Chicago, where scientists at Fermilab will re-fill its storage ring with muons created at Fermilab’s Antiproton Source. Above, members of the muon g-2 team and staff from Emmert International (the company charged with safely transporting the storage ring to its final destination) pose with the muon storage ring following removal from its enclosure at Brookhaven National Lab.
While most of the machine can be disassembled and brought to Fermilab in trucks, the massive electromagnet must be transported in one piece. It cannot tilt or twist more than a few degrees, or the complex wiring inside will be irreparably damaged. The Muon g-2 team devised a plan to make the 3,200-mile journey that involves loading the ring onto a specially prepared barge and bringing it down the East Coast, around the tip of Florida and up the Mississippi River to Illinois.
The Advanced Photon Source is one of the brightest sources of X-rays in the Western Hemisphere. Electrons are accelerated to over 99% of the speed of light around its ring, which is the size of a baseball stadium.
Over 3,500 scientists from around the world visit the APS every year to do scientific research, which has resulted in over 10,000 published studies and contributed to the 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
More about the Advanced Photon Source »
Photo courtesy Argonne National Laboratory.
A picture of my (powered on) 450mW high-power green (532nm light wavelength) DPSS laser. Despite the fact that this picture was shot in light, the laser beam is still clearly visible due to dust in the air and Rayleigh scattering.
The laser itself is resting on my rather cluttered desk. Visible in the background is my watch, which I was using to time the powered-on time of the laser, which is rated for 100 seconds on then 60 seconds off.
For some reason, my camera decided to focus slightly behind the laser, hence why the laser aperture itself is out-of-focus.
See also another laser shot of mine, particularly, the same laser, but in the dark.
DANGER: The laser shown here is a class 3B laser device. Class 3B lasers are NOT laser pointers, and should never be used for that purpose. Despite the fact that I took the picture with the laser sitting on my desk, and despite the fact that I seem to have fun when using my lasers (I do), I took proper safety precautions to ensure that myself and others do not get injured; for example, I wore ANSI Z87.1-standard green laser safety goggles at all times when the laser was operating.
In other words, unless you know what you're doing, DO NOT TRY THIS AT HOME. You could inadvertently blind yourself or someone else. And, of course, high power laser devices should NEVER be pointed at other people, and lasers of any kind should NEVER be pointed at aircraft, especially those in flight. High-power lasers like this one should be treated with the same respect as you would treat a loaded gun.
Please be aware that high power laser devices may be restricted by laws in your area.
Ten years after it ceased taking data at Brookhaven, the muon g-2 storage ring embarks on a cross-country journey from the woods of Long Island to the plains near Chicago, where scientists at Fermilab will re-fill its storage ring with muons created at Fermilab’s Antiproton Source.
While most of the machine can be disassembled and brought to Fermilab in trucks, the massive electromagnet must be transported in one piece. It cannot tilt or twist more than a few degrees, or the complex wiring inside will be irreparably damaged. The Muon g-2 team devised a plan to make the 3,200-mile journey that involves loading the ring onto a specially prepared barge and bringing it down the East Coast, around the tip of Florida and up the Mississippi River to Illinois.
Ten years after it ceased taking data at Brookhaven, the muon g-2 storage ring embarks on a cross-country journey from the woods of Long Island to the plains near Chicago, where scientists at Fermilab will re-fill its storage ring with muons created at Fermilab’s Antiproton Source.
While most of the machine can be disassembled and brought to Fermilab in trucks, the massive electromagnet must be transported in one piece. It cannot tilt or twist more than a few degrees, or the complex wiring inside will be irreparably damaged. The Muon g-2 team devised a plan to make the 3,200-mile journey that involves loading the ring onto a specially prepared barge and bringing it down the East Coast, around the tip of Florida and up the Mississippi River to Illinois.
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics (PI), Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Architects: Saucier & Perrotte, 2004.
© Stephanie Fysh 2005; all rights reserved
Kunstformen der Natur, by Ernst Haeckel. Lithograph 32 x 40 cm. Verlag des Bibliographischen Instituts, Leipzig 1899-1904. Photograph by D Dunlop. From the library of WikiMechanics.org.
photoarchive.lib.uchicago.edu/db.xqy?one=apf4-02029.xml
Title:Classes, Labs, Seminars
View:Meteorology 2
Series:IV: Student Activities
Description:Students of physics: Victor H. Fraenckel (left) from the University of Michigan and Sidney Bloomenthal of the University of Chicago (right) are pictured working with meteorological instruments.
Subject Terms:Fraenckel, Victor Hugo, 1908-1998 | Bloomenthal, Sidney | College students | Physicists | Meteorological instruments | Meteorology--Study and teaching
Photographer:Pacific and Atlantic Photos
Photograph Date:1920s
Location:University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
Collection:Archival Photographic Files
Repository:University of Chicago Library, Special Collections Research Center
Image Identifier:apf4-02029
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The Physics of Time Travel
Is it real, or is it fable?
In H.G. Wells’ novel, The Time Machine, our protagonist jumped into a special chair with blinking lights, spun a few dials, and found himself catapulted several hundred thousand years into the future, where England has long disappeared and is now inhabited by strange creatures called the Morlocks and Eloi. That may have made great fiction, but physicists have always scoffed at the idea of time travel, considering it to be the realm of cranks, mystics, and charlatans, and with good reason.
However, rather remarkable advances in quantum gravity are reviving the theory; it has now become fair game for theoretical physicists writing in the pages of Physical Review magazine. One stubborn problem with time travel is that it is riddled with several types of paradoxes.
For example, there is the paradox of the man with no parents, i.e. what happens when you go back in time and kill your parents before you are born? Question: if your parents died before you were born, then how could you have been born to kill them in the first place?
There is also the paradox of the man with no past. For example, let’s say that a young inventor is trying futilely to build a time machine in his garage. Suddenly, an elderly man appears from nowhere and gives the youth the secret of building a time machine. The young man then becomes enormously rich playing the stock market, race tracks, and sporting events because he knows the future. Then, as an old man, he decides to make his final trip back to the past and give the secret of time travel to his youthful self.
Question: where did the idea of the time machine come from?
There is also the paradox of the man who is own mother (my apologies to Heinlein.) “Jane” is left at an orphanage as a foundling. When “Jane” is a teenager, she falls in love with a drifter, who abandons her but leaves her pregnant. Then disaster strikes. She almost dies giving birth to a baby girl, who is then mysteriously kidnapped. The doctors find that Jane is bleeding badly, but, oddly enough, has both sex organs.
So, to save her life, the doctors convert “Jane” to “Jim.”“Jim” subsequently becomes a roaring drunk, until he meets a friendly bartender (actually a time traveler in disguise) who wisks “Jim” back way into the past. “Jim” meets a beautiful teenage girl, accidentally gets her pregnant with a baby girl. Out of guilt, he kidnaps the baby girl and drops her off at the orphanage. Later, “Jim” joins the time travelers corps, leads a distinguished life, and has one last dream: to disguise himself as a bartender to meet a certain drunk named “Jim” in the past.
Question: who is “Jane’s” mother, father, brother, sister, grand- father, grandmother, and grandchild?
Not surprisingly, time travel has always been considered impossible. After all, Newton believed that time was like an arrow; once fired, it soared in a straight, undeviating line. One second on the earth was one second on Mars. Clocks scattered throughout the universe beat at the same rate. Einstein gave us a much more radical picture. According to Einstein, time was more like a river, which meandered around stars and galaxies, speeding up and slowing down as it passed around massive bodies. One second on the earth was Not one second on Mars. Clocks scattered throughout the universe beat to their own distant drummer.
However, before Einstein died, he was faced with an embarrassing problem. Einstein’s neighbor at Princeton, Kurt Goedel, perhaps the greatest mathematical logician of the past 500 years, found a new solution to Einstein’s own equations which allowed for time travel! The “river of time” now had whirlpools in which time could wrap itself into a circle. Goedel’s solution was quite ingenious: it postulated a universe filled with a rotating fluid. Anyone walking along the direction of rotation would find themselves back at the starting point, but backwards in time!
In his memoirs, Einstein wrote that he was disturbed that his equations contained solutions that allowed for time travel. But he finally concluded: the universe does not rotate, it ex- pands (i.e. as in the Big Bang theory) and hence Goedel’s solution could be thrown out for “physical reasons.” (Apparently, if the Big Bang was rotating, then time travel would be possible throughout the universe!)
Then in 1963, Roy Kerr, a New Zealand mathematician, found a solution of Einstein’s equations for a rotating black hole, which had bizarre properties. The black hole would not collapse to a point (as previously thought) but into a spinning ring (of neutrons). The ring would be circulating so rapidly that centrifugal force would keep the ring from collapsing under gravity. The ring, in turn, acts like the Looking Glass of Alice. Anyone walking through the ring would not die, but could pass through the ring into an alternate universe.
Since then, hundreds of other “wormhole” solutions have been found to Einstein’s equations. These wormholes connect not only two regions of space (hence the name) but also two regions of time as well. In principle, they can be used as time machines.Recently, attempts to add the quantum theory to gravity (and hence create a “theory of everything”) have given us some insight into the paradox problem. In the quantum theory, we can have multiple states of any object.
For example, an electron can exist simultaneously in different orbits (a fact which is responsible for giving us the laws of chemistry). Similarly, Schrodinger’s famous cat can exist simultaneously in two possible states: dead and alive. So by going back in time and altering the past, we merely create a parallel universe. So we are changing someone ELSE’s past by saving, say, Abraham Lincoln from being assassinated at the Ford Theater, but our Lincoln is still dead. In this way, the river of time forks into two separate rivers.
But does this mean that we will be able to jump into H.G. Wells’ machine, spin a dial, and soar several hundred thousand years into England’s future? No. There are a number of difficult hurdles to overcome.
First, the main problem is one of energy. In the same way that a car needs gasoline, a time machine needs to have fabulous amounts of energy. One either has to harness the power of a star, or to find something called “exotic” matter (which falls up, rather than down) or find a source of negative energy. (Physicists once thought that negative energy was impossible. But tiny amounts of negative energy have been experimentally verified for something called the Casimir effect, i.e. the energy created by two parallel plates). All of these are exceedingly difficult to obtain in large quantities, at least for several more centuries!
Then there is the problem of stability. The Kerr black hole, for example, may be unstable if one falls through it. Similarly, quantum effects may build up and destroy the wormhole before you enter it. Unfortunately, our mathematics is not powerful enough to answer the question of stability because you need a “theory of everything” which combines both quantum forces and gravity. At present, superstring theory is the leading candidate for such a theory (in fact, it is the ONLY candidate; it really has no rivals at all). But superstring theory, which happens to be my specialty, is still to difficult to solve completely. The theory is well-defined, but no one on earth is smart enough to solve it.
Interestingly enough, Stephen Hawking once opposed the idea of time travel. He even claimed he had “empirical” evidence against it. If time travel existed, he said, then we would have been visited by tourists from the future. Since we see no tourists from the future, ergo: time travel is not possible. Because of the enormous amount of work done by theoretical physicists within the last 5 years or so, Hawking has since changed his mind, and now believes that time travel is possible (although not necessarily practical). (Furthermore, perhaps we are simply not very interesting to these tourists from the future. Anyone who can harness the power of a star would consider us to be very primitive. Imagine your friends coming across an ant hill. Would they bend down to the ants and give them trinkets, books, medicine, and power? Or would some of your friends have the strange urge to step on a few of them?)
In conclusion, don’t turn someone away who knocks at your door one day and claims to be your future great-great-great grandchild. They may be right.
Credit: mkaku.org
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Sagar Gorijala (goo.gl/GZeiLV) via Talha's Physics Academy (goo.gl/5hLZEy)
Professor Mark Shroyer shows Knox College students the apparatus they'll use in lab section in the course Modern Physics, measuring the charge-mass ratio of the electron, using a glass chamber, surrounded by ring-shaped magnetic Helmholtz coils.
Associate Administrator for the Science Mission Directorate John Grunsfeld, left, and New Horizons Principal Investigator Alan Stern of Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), Boulder, CO., speak during a New Horizons Pluto Flyby briefing Monday, July 13, 2015 at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)
At Cape Canaveral Air Force Station's Space Launch Complex 37, the United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy rocket with NASA's Parker Solar Probe, lifts off at 3:31 a.m. EDT on Sunday, Aug. 12, 2018. The spacecraft was built by Applied Physics Laboratory of Johns Hopkins University in Laurel, Maryland. The mission will perform the closest-ever observations of a star when it travels through the Sun's atmosphere, called the corona. The probe will rely on measurements and imaging to revolutionize our understanding of the corona and the Sun-Earth connection. Photo credit: NASA/Tony Gray and Tim Powers
Associate Administrator for NASA's Science Mission Directorate Thomas Zurbuchen is seen during a New Horizons briefing, Monday, Dec. 31, 2018 at Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)
The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment, led by the United States and China and initiated by Berkeley Lab, is the most sensitive reactor neutrino experiment in the world. The results promise new insight into why enough ordinary matter survived after the big bang to form everything visible in the universe. Shown are the photomultiplier tubes that catch the faint trace of antineutrino reactions. newscenter.lbl.gov/news-releases/2012/03/07/daya-bay-firs...
Cool standing waves in my coffee that appeared when it was refrigerated before the cream was stirred. I'm guessing that the waves were caused by the hum of the refrigerator motor...
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The hallways of Hagen Hall, Minnesota State University Moorhead's physics building. This is a cleverly disguised air intake, I think.
[can you tell I did not feel like taking a picture yesterday?]
The right hand rule is this crazy little trick you learn in physics class. It actually has nothing to do with physics, except as a sort of mnemonic for figuring out the direction of vectors when they're multiplied together. Left-handers are prone to complain about it because they feel picked on, but the funniest thing about it is watching everyone play with their hands during a physics test. They're usually pretty self-conscious about it and try to hide what they're doing under their desks. This really only makes things worse.
Basically, the way it works. You point your fingers in the direction one vector is going, and then curl them in the direction the other vector is going. The way your thumb points is the direction of the product of the two vectors. Mathematicians laugh at all this because they just trust their calculations.
A neutron diffraction image giving evidence for the new magnetic phase in iron-based superconductors discovered by Argonne scientists. It shows the scattering results from a sample of barium iron arsenide with sodium ions added to 24% of the barium sites. Nematic order sets in below 90 K (about -300°F), but four-fold symmetry is restored below 40 K (-387°F). The resulting atomic and magnetic structures are illustrated in the figure on the right, in which the blue spheres represent iron atoms and the red arrows show the direction of their magnetic moments.
More details
Neutron diffraction from a polycrystalline sample of BaFe2As2 with sodium doped onto 24% of the barium sites. The panels show how the intensity of three diffraction peaks vary with temperature as the atomic and magnetic structures change. These structures are shown schematically on the right, with the blue balls representing iron atoms and the red arrows the direction of their magnetic moments.
The first peak, labelled (112), is determined by the Fe-Fe bond lengths, which split into two when nematic order is established at TN, but become equal again when nematic order is suppressed below Tr. The second peak, labelled (½½3), shows the onset at TN of magnetic order with two-fold symmetry, while the third peak, labelled (½½1), shows that the magnetic moments are reoriented below Tr to restore four-fold symmetry. The measurements show that magnetic order coexists with superconductivity below Tc.).
Credit: Image by Jared Allred / Argonne National Laboratory.