View allAll Photos Tagged Modigliani

Amedeo Modigliani (1884-1920)

Oil on canvas

59.9 x 92 cm

www.christies.com/lotfinder/paintings/amedeo-modigliani-n...

 

Christie's

The Artist's Muse : A Curated Evening Sale

New York, 9 Nov 2015

Huile sur toile, 61 x 46 cm, 1918.

 

"Il y avait deux fronts (dira Jean Cocteau) [...] C’était un perpétuel aller et retour… entre ce front de la guerre et le front de la guerre de l’art à Montparnasse, et c’est là que j’ai connu tous les hommes qui m’ont aidé à sortir de cette fameuse droite où je vivais. [...] J’ai été vers ce qui me semblait la vie intense, j’ai été vers Picasso, j’ai été vers Modigliani, vers Satie, vers tous ces jeunes gens qui devaient apparaître ensuite et qu’on appelle “les Six”... ».

 

Lors de la mobilisation d'août 1914, Modigliani veut s'engager, mais ses problèmes pulmonaires empêchent son incorporation. Il reste un peu isolé dans Montparnasse, malgré le retour des réformés pour blessures graves : Braque, Kisling, Cendrars, Apollinaire, Léger, Zadkine… Contrairement à celles de Picasso, Dufy, La Fresnaye ou des expressionnistes allemands, ses œuvres ne comportent aucune allusion à la guerre, même quand il peint un soldat en uniforme, cf. le présent tableau du Zouave.

 

Le peintre André Hébuterne (1894-1992), frère de Jeanne, est quant à lui appelé au front en 1914 et ne reviendra qu'à la fin de la guerre comme lui. Son attitude vis à vis de Modigliani est compliquée puisque ce dernier est juif et lui-même antisémite, qu'il désapprouve sa liaison avec sa soeur et qu'il n'a pas fait la guerre. Ce qui fait que lors de sa mort en janvier 1920 et celui de sa soeur après son suicide, il ait refusé d'accueillir le corps de cette dernière dans la demeure familiale, comme son père l'avait déjà fait pour celui de Modigliani (cf. wikipédia).

Mother and daughter looking at Modigliani's Reclining Nude, MOMA

New York City, 2012

 

Only the street shots - thestreetzine.blogspot.com/view/mosaic

1915. Oli sobre paper, muntat sobre fusta. 52,1 x 33,7 cm. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Nova York. 67.187.84. Obra no exposada.

 

Imatge d’accés obert (Open Access, CC0), cortesia de The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Cagnes-sur-Mer French Riviera

is a common presenting the form of a well-wooded and park-covered urban settlement in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Region in southeastern France. Economically it forms a suburb to the city of Nice.

 

Geography

 

It is the Largest suburb of the city of Nice and lies to the west-southwest of it, about 15 km (9.3 mi) from the center. It is a town with no high rise buildings with PARTICULARLY Many woods and parks, as to MOST icts of urban homes, in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur

 

History

 

It was the retreat and final address of the painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Who Moved there in 1907 in an Attempt to Improve His arthritis, and Remained up to His death in 1919. In the late 1920s, Cagnes-sur-Mer est devenu a residence for Many renowned American literary and art figures, Such as Kay Boyle, George Antheil and Harry and Caresse Crosby. Author Georges Simenon (1903-1989), creator of the fictional detective Commissioner Jules Maigret Lived at 98, mounted of the Village in the 1950s with His third wife and Their three children; initial his "S" may still be seen in the wrought iron on the stairs.

 

Belarusian-French artist Chaim Soutine created Powerful, fanciful landscapes of southern France. A friend of Amedeo Modigliani, Soutine left colorful landscapes from Cagnes from 1924 on. Fauvist painter Francisco Iturrino aussi resided in the town Where he deceased.

Huile sur toile, 60 x 46 cm, 1918, musée d'Art, Nagoya (Japon).

Museo dell Novecento - Milano

Le Cimetière du Père Lachaise, Paris, France

  

On the face of it, Père Lachaise is not as interesting a cemetery as Montparnasse, but I had a number of reasons for coming here, not least because my Paris friends tell me that it is the most beautiful cemetery in the city, and I think they are right. It is true that you cannot be on your own wandering around here like you can at Montparnasse, but it is four times as big and its sloping site gives rise to winding little impasses that can be yours alone for the time you are in them.

 

If you are planning a visit yourself, it is worth noting that the best thing to do is to take the metro to Gambetta rather than to Père Lachaise. This brings you in at the top of the cemetery rather than the bottom. This is the quieter part of the cemetery, and very quickly I picked off Maria Callas, Stephane Grappelli and Gertrude Stein without being bothered too much by other visitors.

 

At this top end of the cemetery the visitor-magnet is the grave of Oscar Wilde. This is a fabulous sculpture by Jacob Epstein. The Irish government, which owns the grave and is responsible for maintaining it, has recently put a Perspex screen around it to stop visitors kissing it with lipstick kisses. Quite how anyone could think Wilde would want to be kissed by a girl is beyond me, though I suppose that all the lipstick kissers might not have been girls. Wilde's grave is easily found, being on a main avenue, but not all such significant figures are as accessible. I eventually found the tomb of Sarah Bernhardt after much searching, some distance from the nearest avenue. It did not appear to have been visited much at all in recent months.

 

In one quiet corner of the cemetery is a wall with a memorial to the Paris Commune. The communards had taken advantage of the siege of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War to declare a utopian republic, something along the lines of the one of seventy years earlier, but hopefully without the tens of thousands of opponents being guillotined this time. Incidentally, the French love to discuss and argue about politics so much that there is no chance of the country ever opting for a totalitarian regime. When the revolutionaries of the 1780s and 1790s started executing those who mildly disagreed with them, it was the start of a slippery slope at the bottom of which no one would have been left alive. Anyway, the communards hoped to avoid that. When the siege was over and the mess had been cleared up, they were brought to this wall in their hundreds and shot, their bodies dumped into conveniently adjacent mass graves.

 

This corner of the cemetery has become a pilgrimage site for Communists, and many of the graves around are for former leaders of the French Communist Party, in its day the largest and most powerful in Western Europe. In the 1980s, when I first started coming to Paris, they ran many of the towns and cities, especially in the industrial north.

 

Near here are some vast and terrifying memorials to the victims of the German occupation of France and Nazi concentration and death camps. Each camp has its own memorial, usually surmounted by an anguished sculpture, and with an inscription with frighteningly large numbers in it. There is a silence in this part of the cemetery. It is interesting to me that memorials in this part of France refer to 'the Nazi occupation and the Vichy government collaborators', while in the southern half of the country, which was under Vichy rule, the memorials usually talk about 'the German barbarity'.

 

I sat for a while, and then went off looking for more heroes. Marcel Proust and Frederick Chopin were easily found, Francis Poulenc less so. Wandering around I chanced by accident on the grave of the artist Théodore Géricault, which carries bronze relief versions of his Raft of the Medusa, starting point of the Musee d'Orsay, as well as other paintings. To be honest, the most interesting memorials are those to ordinary upper middle class Parisians who were raised to grandeur through art in death in a way that they cannot have known in life.

 

One of the saddest corners, and a rather sordid one, is to the American pop singer Jim Morrison, who died in Paris at the age of 27, burnt out and 20 stone after gorging himself on whisky, burgers and heroin. Well, so did Elvis, you might retort, but at least Elvis had some good tunes. The survival of Morrison's legend seems to rest entirely on the romance of his death and burial. Surely no one can be attracted by his music, those interminable organ solos and witless lyrics? His simple memorial (a bust was stolen in the 1980s) is cordoned off by barriers, and is the only one where a cemetery worker is permanently in attendance. I looked around at a crowd of about thirty people, all of whom were younger than me, and none of whom could have been alive when the selfish charlatan drank and drugged himself to death.

 

Shaking my head in incomprehension, (I didn't really, but I bet some people do) I finished off my visit by finding Colette, and bumping into Rossini on the way. Then I headed back into central Paris.

 

You can read my account of my travels at pariswander.blogspot.co.uk.

Huile sur toile, 61 x 50, 1918, Kunstmuseum, Bâle.

Huile sur toile, 62 x 31 cm, 1917.

Huile sur toile, 73 x 116 cm, 1919.

I cropped out the frame and printed it for my own use. Took a lot of color correction, but I am so happy with the result that I worry about copyright infringement. Kept some of the wall here to show it is not outright theft. So many great paintings just about crammed together at the Barnes. So worth a visit. And another.

Huile sur toile, 65 x 100 cm, 1917, Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin (Ohio)

Part of the Francis Bacon exhibition in Dublin.

Blue Eyes Lady

 

青い瞳の女新作で僕の大好きなモディリアーニの画風を取り入れて、現代によみがえったモディリアーニの作品の様にお絵描きしました、僕が中学生の頃勉強の為有名画家の模写していて、セザンヌの青い花瓶の静物画やモディリアーニのネクタイの女を油絵で模写しました、その頃を思い出しながらお絵描きしました、この絵は贋作とも模写ともパロディー風とも言えませんが、モディリアーニの現代によみがえった幻の作品の様にお絵かきしました、ちなみに中学時代に模写したモディリアーニのネクタイをした女は、姉の家グランドピアノの上の壁に飾られていて、来客からこの絵は本物ですかと聞かれているそうです。(笑)

 

アメデオ・クレメンテ・モディリアーニ/Amedeo Clemente Modigliani

Beautiful Amazing

 

以前にお絵描きした作品の中から、お気に入りを色編集加工してアップしております。

 

#DigitalArt #painting #Illustration #Beautiful #Amazing #Cat #Art #youtu.be #Happy #Heartfull #Song #Dog #Healing #Love #BestFriend #TiAmo #ToiPoodle #Moonlight #College #Football #Soccer #Lovely #Star #BayemMunchen #ArjenRobben #Gool #France #Amedeo Clemente Modigliani #模写 #贋作 #油絵 #印象派絵画

 

YouTube動画

Love Yourself Cover (Justin Bieber)- Joseph Vincent X Travis Atreo youtu.be/O41HEbo0bUI

 

Blue Eyes Full Video Song Yo Yo Honey Singh | Blockbuster Song Of 2013 youtu.be/NbyHNASFi6U

 

トイプードル Ti Amo 滑り台

 

youtu.be/ep5Ecxc_PJY

 

トイプードル Ti Amo 飛び石に ジャンプ木登り

 

youtu.be/TMf38S7SJdM

 

Hobbie Stuart - Your Song (Cover)

 

youtu.be/c5r4LOcnsUA

 

Hobbie Stuart - Controlla X Work (Drake/Rihanna Remix)

 

youtu.be/teTfuM-fLQs

 

デビット・ソウ Singer & Com edian

 

youtu.be/c_3OuHqhmzQ

 

ウィ・ア.ザ・ワールド

 

youtu.be/Zi0RpNSELas

 

明日に架ける橋♪サイモン&ガーファンクル

 

youtu.be/UVDg8fVC4EQ

 

シャーリー・バッシー

 

youtu.be/71Kmai9t9Pc

フランシス・レイ音楽♪写真フランス女優アヌーク・エーメ

 

youtu.be/3TZhx7JKnYA

 

@nodasanta #nodasanta

Huile sur toile, 70 x 45 cm, 1917.

 

Lunia Czechowska (1894-1990), née Ludwika Makowska, est une Polonaise qui a été pendant plusieurs années le modèle et l'amie d'Amedeo Modigliani. Arrivée à Paris en 1913, elle est institutrice et épouse en 1915 Kazimierz Czechowski, son amie Stéphanie Łazarska étant témoin du mariage. Tous deux côtoient dans la capitale leurs compatriotes, parmi lesquels Léopold Zborowski et sa compagne Anna Zborowska. Le destin de Lunia croisant celui de Modigliani une amitié se créa et le peintre réalisera 14 portraits d'elle (cf. wikipédia).

1917. Oli sobre tela. 92,1 x 60,3 cm. Fundació Barnes, Filadèlfia. BF369. Obra exposada: Sala 18.

Cagnes-sur-Mer French Riviera

is a common presenting the form of a well-wooded and park-covered urban settlement in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Region in southeastern France. Economically it forms a suburb to the city of Nice.

 

Geography

 

It is the Largest suburb of the city of Nice and lies to the west-southwest of it, about 15 km (9.3 mi) from the center. It is a town with no high rise buildings with PARTICULARLY Many woods and parks, as to MOST icts of urban homes, in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur

 

History

 

It was the retreat and final address of the painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Who Moved there in 1907 in an Attempt to Improve His arthritis, and Remained up to His death in 1919. In the late 1920s, Cagnes-sur-Mer est devenu a residence for Many renowned American literary and art figures, Such as Kay Boyle, George Antheil and Harry and Caresse Crosby. Author Georges Simenon (1903-1989), creator of the fictional detective Commissioner Jules Maigret Lived at 98, mounted of the Village in the 1950s with His third wife and Their three children; initial his "S" may still be seen in the wrought iron on the stairs.

 

Belarusian-French artist Chaim Soutine created Powerful, fanciful landscapes of southern France. A friend of Amedeo Modigliani, Soutine left colorful landscapes from Cagnes from 1924 on. Fauvist painter Francisco Iturrino aussi resided in the town Where he deceased.

Amadeo Modigliani (1884-1920) - Young woman in a shirt, 1918 : detail

National Gallery of Denmark, Copenhagen: Modigliani worked almost exclusively with the human figure and is particularly well known for his portraits. When he painted this picture his characteristic style of rendering figures was fully formed. The girl is portrayed from the front, and the planes have a geometric order that creates a sense of calm and harmony. African masks and medieval art were important sources of inspiration for Modigliani's painting. On that basis he developed an idiom made up of simplified elongated shapes, accentuated here by the tall, narrow frame.

 

Modigliani moved from Italy to Paris in 1906, and in 1908-09 he settled in Montparnasse where he became part of the international artists' scene. His eccentric lifestyle and early death has contributed greatly to the myth of the bohemian Paris art scene.

i didn't take this picture or nuthin'...i just saw it on the smoking gun, "link here" and thought the young lady looked like she could have been one of modigliani's models...with that lovely neck of hers.....

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image of Gypsy Woman with Baby

Amedeo Modigliani (artist)

Italian, 1884 - 1920

Gypsy Woman with Baby, 1919

oil on canvas

Overall: 115.9 x 73 cm (45 5/8 x 28 3/4 in.) framed: 134.6 x 93.3 x 9.5 cm (53 x 36 3/4 x 3 3/4 in.)

Chester Dale Collection

1963.10.174

Huile sur toile, 50 x 30 cm, 1919.

 

Lunia Czechowska (1894-1990), née Ludwika Makowska, est une Polonaise qui a été pendant plusieurs années le modèle et l'amie d'Amedeo Modigliani. Arrivée à Paris en 1913, elle est institutrice et épouse en 1915 Kazimierz Czechowski, son amie Stéphanie Łazarska étant témoin du mariage. Tous deux côtoient dans la capitale leurs compatriotes, parmi lesquels Léopold Zborowski et sa compagne Anna (Hanka Czechowska, cf. ce tableau) Zborowska. Le destin de Lunia croisant celui de Modigliani une amitié se créa et le peintre réalisera 14 portraits d'elle (cf. wikipédia).

 

Cette œuvre de Modigliani, réalisée en 1919, représente le portrait d’une de ses proches. Peu de temps avant son décès, l'artiste y peint sa propre souffrance, ses modèles se déformant de plus en plus : visages fermés, cou long et étiré, minceur effrayante, air grave et absence d’expression. Les formes du visage comprennent des lignes sombres et la gamme chromatique se restreint à trois couleurs, n’étant là que pour agrémenter le dessin et dégagent la tristesse, la souffrance et la maladie. Le visage aux couleurs chaudes se découpe sur un fond froid et terne. Comme dans la majorité des oeuvres peintes les derniers mois de la vie de l'artiste, le fond est uni et le portrait très léché. La majorité des personnages y sont de face, coupés à la mi-cuisse ou aux épaules devant un fond presque uni. A la fin de sa vie, perturbées par sa maladie, toutes ses peintures sont des représentations de ses proches : Jeanne, Zborowski, Lunia et Hanka. De ces portraits de la vie quotidienne, de la lassitude et des tourments qu’elle entraîne, l’artiste semble lire au travers de ses modèles, mais ce sont plutôt ses émotions personnelles qui s'y dégagent le plus (cf. fam1500.uqam.ca).

The Postcard

 

A carte postale published by C.M. Let us hope that the cross in the photograph was retrieved intact from the ashes of the 2019 fire that destroyed the roof of Notre-Dame.

 

The card was posted in Paris on Saturday the 24th. January 1920 to:

 

Mrs. Woodman,

136, Estcourt Road,

Woodside,

London S.E. 25,

Angleterre.

 

The message on the divided back of the card was as follows:

 

"24.1.20.

My Dear Auntie,

I received a card from

Uncle last night.

I am so glad to hear the

money arrived safely

from W.O.

I heard from Miss R.

that she had sent it.

We shall in all probability

be home before the end

of next week, but they

say we shall return in six

weeks which is more

cheerful.

Hope you are all A1, and

Edith's teeth satisfactorily

dealt with.

You can still write as we

shan't go until Wednesday

or Thursday.

Lots of love to all,

From Norah".

 

The Notre-Dame Fire

 

On the 15th. April 2019, fire broke out in the attic beneath the cathedral's roof at 18:18. At 18:20 the fire alarm sounded and guards evacuated the cathedral. A guard was sent to investigate, but to the wrong location – the attic of the adjoining sacristy – where he found no fire. About fifteen minutes later the error was discovered, but by the time guards had climbed the three hundred steps to the cathedral attic the fire was well advanced.

 

The alarm system was not designed to automatically notify the fire brigade, which was summoned at 18:51 after the guards had returned. Firefighters arrived within ten minutes.

 

Fighting the Notre-Dame Fire

 

More than 400 firefighters were engaged. A hundred government employees along with police and municipal workers moved precious artefacts to safety via a human chain.

 

The fire was primarily fought from inside the structure, which was more dangerous for personnel, but reduced potential damage to the cathedral - applying water from outside risked deflecting flames and hot gases (at temperatures up to 800 °C) inwards. Deluge guns were used at lower-than-usual pressures to minimise damage to the cathedral and its contents. Water was supplied by pump-boat from the Seine.

 

Aerial firefighting was not used because water dropped from heights could have caused structural damage, and heated stone can crack if suddenly cooled. Helicopters were also not used because of dangerous updrafts, but drones were used for visual and thermal imaging, and robots for visual imaging and directing water streams. Molten lead falling from the roof posed a special hazard for firefighters.

 

By 18:52, smoke was visible from the outside; flames appeared within the next ten minutes. The spire of the cathedral collapsed at 19:50, creating a draft that slammed all the doors and sent a fireball through the attic. Firefighters then retreated from within the attic.

 

Shortly before the spire fell, the fire had spread to the wooden framework inside the north tower, which supported eight very large bells. Had the bells fallen, it was thought that the damage done as they fell could have collapsed the towers, and with them the entire cathedral.

 

At 20:30, firefighters abandoned attempts to extinguish the roof and concentrated on saving the towers, fighting from within and between the towers. By 21:45 the fire was under control.

 

Adjacent apartment buildings were evacuated due to concern about possible collapse, but on the 19th. April the fire brigade ruled out that risk. One firefighter and two police officers were injured.

 

Damage to Notre-Dame

 

Most of the wood/metal roof and the spire of the cathedral was destroyed, with about one third of the roof remaining. The remnants of the roof and spire fell atop the stone vault underneath, which forms the ceiling of the cathedral's interior. Some sections of this vaulting collapsed in turn, allowing debris from the burning roof to fall to the marble floor below, but most sections remained intact due to the use of rib vaulting, greatly reducing damage to the cathedral's interior and objects within.

 

The cathedral contained a large number of artworks, religious relics, and other irreplaceable treasures, including a crown of thorns said to be the one Jesus wore at his crucifixion. Other items were a purported piece of the cross on which Jesus was crucified, the Tunic of St. Louis, a pipe organ by Aristide Cavaillé-Coll, and the 14th.-century Virgin of Paris statue.

 

Some artwork had been removed in preparation for the renovations, and most of the cathedral's sacred relics were held in the adjoining sacristy, which the fire did not reach; all the cathedral's relics survived. Many valuables that were not removed also survived.

 

Lead joints in some of the 19th.-century stained-glass windows melted, but the three major rose windows, dating back to the 13th. century, were undamaged. Several pews were destroyed, and the vaulted arches were blackened by smoke, though the cathedral's main cross and altar survived, along with the statues surrounding it.

 

Some paintings, apparently only smoke-damaged, are expected to be transported to the Louvre for restoration. The rooster-shaped reliquary atop the spire was found damaged but intact among the debris. The three pipe organs were not significantly damaged. The largest of the cathedral's bells, the bourdon, was also not damaged. The liturgical treasury of the cathedral and the "Grands Mays" paintings were moved to safety.

 

Environmental Damage

 

Airparif said that winds rapidly dispersed the smoke, carrying it away aloft along the Seine corridor. It did not find elevated levels of particulate air pollution at monitoring stations nearby. The Paris police stated that there was no danger from breathing the air around the fire.

 

The burned-down roof had been covered with over 400 metric tons of lead. Settling dust substantially raised surface lead levels in some places nearby, notably the cordoned-off area and places left open during the fire. Wet cleaning for surfaces and blood tests for children and pregnant women were recommended in the immediate area.

 

People working on the cathedral after the fire did not initially take the lead precautions required for their own protection; materials leaving the site were decontaminated, but some clothing was not, and some precautions were not correctly followed; as a result, the worksite failed some inspections and was temporarily shut down.

 

There was also more widespread contamination; testing, clean-up, and public health advisories were delayed for months, and the neighbourhood was not decontaminated for four months, prompting widespread criticism.

 

Reactions to the Notre-Dame Fire

 

President of France Emmanuel Macron, postponing a speech to address the Yellow Vests Movement planned for that evening, went to Notre-Dame and gave a brief address there. Numerous world religious and government leaders extended condolences.

 

Through the night of the fire and into the next day, people gathered along the Seine to hold vigils, sing and pray.

 

White tarpaulins over metal beams were quickly rigged to protect the interior from the elements. Nettings protect the de-stabilised exterior.

 

The following Sunday at Saint-Eustache Church, the Archbishop of Paris, Michel Aupetit, honoured the firefighters with the presentation of a book of scriptures saved from the fire.

 

Investigation Into The Notre-Dame Fire

 

On the 16th. April, the Paris prosecutor said that there was no evidence of a deliberate act.

 

The fire has been compared to the similar 1992 Windsor Castle fire and the Uppark fire, among others, and has raised old questions about the safety of similar structures and the techniques used to restore them. Renovation works increase the risk of fire, and a police source reported that they are looking into whether such work had caused this incident.

 

The renovations presented a fire risk from sparks, short-circuits, and heat from welding (roof repairs involved cutting, and welding lead sheets resting on timber). Normally, no electrical installations were allowed in the roof space due to the extreme fire risk.

 

The roof framing was of very dry timber, often powdery with age. After the fire, the architect responsible for fire safety at the cathedral acknowledged that the rate at which fire might spread had been underestimated, and experts said it was well known that a fire in the roof would be almost impossible to control.

 

Of the firms working on the restoration, a Europe Echafaudage team was the only one working there on the day of the fire; the company said no soldering or welding was underway before the fire. The scaffolding was receiving electrical supply for temporary elevators and lighting.

 

The roofers, Le Bras Frères, said it had followed procedure, and that none of its personnel were on site when the fire broke out. Time-lapse images taken by a camera installed by them showed smoke first rising from the base of the spire.

 

On the 25th. April, the structure was considered safe enough for investigators to enter. They unofficially stated that they were considering theories involving malfunction of electric bell-ringing apparatus, and cigarette ends discovered on the renovation scaffolding.

 

Le Bras Frères confirmed its workers had smoked cigarettes, contrary to regulations, but denied that a cigarette butt could have started the fire. The Paris prosecutor's office announced on the 26th. June that no evidence had been found to suggest a criminal motive.

 

The security employee monitoring the alarm system was new on the job, and was on a second eight-hour shift that day because his relief had not arrived. Additionally, the fire security system used confusing terminology in its referencing parts of the cathedral, which contributed to the initial confusion as to the location of the fire.

 

As of September, five months after the fire, investigators thought the cause of the fire was more likely an electrical fault than a cigarette. Determining the exact place in which the fire started was expected to take a great deal more time and work. By the 15th. April 2020, investigators stated:

 

"We believe the fire to have been

started by either a cigarette or a

short circuit in the electrical system".

 

Reconstruction of Notre-Dame Cathedral

 

On the night of the fire Macron said that the cathedral, which is owned by the state, would be rebuilt, and launched an international fundraising campaign. France's cathedrals have been owned by the state since 1905, and are not privately insured.

 

The heritage conservation organisation Fondation du Patrimoine estimated the damage in the hundreds of millions of euros, but losses from the fire are not expected to substantially impact the private insurance industry.

 

European art insurers stated that the cost would be similar to ongoing renovations at the Palace of Westminster in London, which currently is estimated to be around €7 billion.

 

This cost does not include damage to any of the artwork or artefacts within the cathedral. Any pieces on loan from other museums would have been insured, but the works owned by the cathedral would not have been insurable.

 

While Macron hoped the cathedral could be restored in time for the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics, architects expect the work could take from twenty to forty years, as any new structure would need to balance restoring the look of the original building, using wood and stone sourced from the same regions used in the original construction, with the structural reinforcement required for preventing a similar disaster in the future.

 

There is discussion of whether to reconstruct the cathedral in modified form. Rebuilding the roof with titanium sheets and steel trusses has been suggested; other options include rebuilding in the original lead and wood, or rebuilding with modern materials not visible from the outside (like the reinforced concrete trusses at Reims Cathedral).

 

Another option would be to use a combination of restored old elements and newly designed ones. Chartres Cathedral was rebuilt with wrought iron trusses and copper sheeting after an 1836 fire.

 

French prime minister Édouard Philippe announced an architectural design competition for a new spire that would be:

 

"Adapted to the techniques

and the challenges of our era."

 

The spire replacement project has gathered a variety of designs and some controversy, particularly its legal exemption from environmental and heritage rules. After the design competition was announced, the French senate amended the government's restoration bill to require the roof to be restored to how it was before the fire.

 

On the 16th. July, 95 days after the fire, the law that will govern the restoration of the cathedral was finally approved by the French parliament. It recognises its UNESCO World Heritage Site status and the need to respect existing international charters and practices, to:

 

"Preserve the historic, artistic and architectural

history of the monument, and to limit any

derogations to the existing heritage, planning,

environmental and construction codes to a

minimum".

 

On the 15th. April 2020, Germany offered to restore some of the large clerestory windows located far above eye level with three expert tradesmen who specialize in rebuilding cathedrals. Monika Grütters, Germany's Commissioner for Culture was quoted as saying that her country would shoulder the costs.

 

As of the 30th. November all of the tangled scaffolding was removed from the spire area, and was therefore no longer a threat to the building.

 

The world will now have to wait for Notre-Dame de Paris to be restored to its former magnificence.

 

Amedeo Modigliani

 

So what else happened on the day that Norah posted the card?

 

Well, the 24th. January 1920 was not a good day for Amedeo Clemente Modigliani, because he died aged 35 on that day in Paris of tubercular meningitis.

 

Modigliani, who was born in Livorno on the 12th. July 1884, was an Italian Jewish painter and sculptor who worked mainly in France.

 

He is known for portraits and nudes in a modern style characterized by elongation of faces, necks, and figures. The unique style was not well received during his lifetime, but later found great popularity.

 

Modigliani spent his youth in Italy, where he studied the art of antiquity and of the Renaissance. In 1906 he moved to Paris, where he came into contact with such artists as Pablo Picasso and Constantin Brâncuși.

 

By 1912 Modigliani was exhibiting highly stylized sculptures with Cubists of the Section d'Or group at the Salon d'Automne.

 

Modigliani's œuvre includes paintings and drawings. From 1909 to 1914 he devoted himself mainly to sculpture.

Amedeo Modigliani(1884 - 1920)

Black crayon on paper

26.7 by 20 cm

www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.175.html/2014...

 

Estimate : 250,000 - 350,000 USD

Sold : 394,000 USD

 

Sotheby's

Impressionist & Modern Art Day Sale

New York, 6 Nov 2015

Cagnes-sur-Mer French Riviera

is a common presenting the form of a well-wooded and park-covered urban settlement in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Region in southeastern France. Economically it forms a suburb to the city of Nice.

 

Geography

 

It is the Largest suburb of the city of Nice and lies to the west-southwest of it, about 15 km (9.3 mi) from the center. It is a town with no high rise buildings with PARTICULARLY Many woods and parks, as to MOST icts of urban homes, in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur

 

History

 

It was the retreat and final address of the painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Who Moved there in 1907 in an Attempt to Improve His arthritis, and Remained up to His death in 1919. In the late 1920s, Cagnes-sur-Mer est devenu a residence for Many renowned American literary and art figures, Such as Kay Boyle, George Antheil and Harry and Caresse Crosby. Author Georges Simenon (1903-1989), creator of the fictional detective Commissioner Jules Maigret Lived at 98, mounted of the Village in the 1950s with His third wife and Their three children; initial his "S" may still be seen in the wrought iron on the stairs.

 

Belarusian-French artist Chaim Soutine created Powerful, fanciful landscapes of southern France. A friend of Amedeo Modigliani, Soutine left colorful landscapes from Cagnes from 1924 on. Fauvist painter Francisco Iturrino aussi resided in the town Where he deceased.

Inspired by Modigliani~ Mixed Media Collage on Found Board

27 year old me painted by Amedeo Modigliani.

Amedeo Modigliani(1884 - 1920)

 

Staatsgalerie, Stuttgart

Cagnes-sur-Mer French Riviera

is a common presenting the form of a well-wooded and park-covered urban settlement in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Region in southeastern France. Economically it forms a suburb to the city of Nice.

 

Geography

 

It is the Largest suburb of the city of Nice and lies to the west-southwest of it, about 15 km (9.3 mi) from the center. It is a town with no high rise buildings with PARTICULARLY Many woods and parks, as to MOST icts of urban homes, in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur

 

History

 

It was the retreat and final address of the painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Who Moved there in 1907 in an Attempt to Improve His arthritis, and Remained up to His death in 1919. In the late 1920s, Cagnes-sur-Mer est devenu a residence for Many renowned American literary and art figures, Such as Kay Boyle, George Antheil and Harry and Caresse Crosby. Author Georges Simenon (1903-1989), creator of the fictional detective Commissioner Jules Maigret Lived at 98, mounted of the Village in the 1950s with His third wife and Their three children; initial his "S" may still be seen in the wrought iron on the stairs.

 

Belarusian-French artist Chaim Soutine created Powerful, fanciful landscapes of southern France. A friend of Amedeo Modigliani, Soutine left colorful landscapes from Cagnes from 1924 on. Fauvist painter Francisco Iturrino aussi resided in the town Where he deceased.

Un homenaje a uno de mis pintores favoritos Amedeo Modigliani

Amedeo Modigliani - circa 1918

Cleveland Museum of Art

Cagnes-sur-Mer French Riviera

is a common presenting the form of a well-wooded and park-covered urban settlement in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Region in southeastern France. Economically it forms a suburb to the city of Nice.

 

Geography

 

It is the Largest suburb of the city of Nice and lies to the west-southwest of it, about 15 km (9.3 mi) from the center. It is a town with no high rise buildings with PARTICULARLY Many woods and parks, as to MOST icts of urban homes, in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur

 

History

 

It was the retreat and final address of the painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Who Moved there in 1907 in an Attempt to Improve His arthritis, and Remained up to His death in 1919. In the late 1920s, Cagnes-sur-Mer est devenu a residence for Many renowned American literary and art figures, Such as Kay Boyle, George Antheil and Harry and Caresse Crosby. Author Georges Simenon (1903-1989), creator of the fictional detective Commissioner Jules Maigret Lived at 98, mounted of the Village in the 1950s with His third wife and Their three children; initial his "S" may still be seen in the wrought iron on the stairs.

 

Belarusian-French artist Chaim Soutine created Powerful, fanciful landscapes of southern France. A friend of Amedeo Modigliani, Soutine left colorful landscapes from Cagnes from 1924 on. Fauvist painter Francisco Iturrino aussi resided in the town Where he deceased.

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