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One of the maximum security cells at the prison. The bars you can see were inside the cell, behind another door which had the same security as the usual cells. This was kind of a cell within a cell.
FPWhtLdrPatGPPcSqmdl&r90&r180)3eHDRCompo
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Korsika - Bonifacio
Bonifacio (/bəˈniːfɑːtʃoʊ/; Italian pronunciation: [boniˈfaːtʃo]; French: [bɔnifasjo]; Corsican: Bunifaziu, [buniˈfatsju]; Bonifacino: Bunifazziu; Gallurese: Bunifaciu) is a commune at the southern tip of the island of Corsica, in the Corse-du-Sud department of France.
Bonifacio is the setting of Guy de Maupassant's short story "Vendetta".
The French leg of the Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series takes place in Bonifacio.
Bonifacio is located directly on the Mediterranean Sea, separated from Sardinia by the Strait of Bonifacio. It is a city placed on the best and only major harbour of the southern coast and also is a commune covering a somewhat larger region including the offshore Isles Lavezzi, giving it the distinction of being the southernmost commune in Metropolitan France. The commune is bordered on the northwest by the canton of Figari and has a short border on the northeast with the canton of Porto-Vecchio. The combined border runs approximately from the Golfe de Ventilegne on the west to the mouth of the Golfu di Sant'Amanza on the east. The coastline circumscribed by the two points is about 75 kilometres (47 mi). Highway N198 runs north along the east coast and N196 along the west.
The islands are part of the French portion, 794.6-square-kilometre (196,300-acre), of the international Bouches de Bonifacio ("Strait of Bonifacio") marine park, a nature reserve, signed into legal existence by France and Italy in 1993 for the protection of the strait against passage of ships bearing dangerous chemicals, and implemented in France by a ministerial decree of 1999 detailing the land to be included in the réserve naturelle de Bouches de Bonifacio for the preservation of wild birds, other fauna and flora, fish and nature in general.
The southern coast in the vicinity of Bonifacio is an outcrop of chalk-white limestone, precipitous and sculpted into unusual shapes by the ocean. Slightly further inland the limestone adjoins the granite of which the two islands, Sardinia and Corsica, are formed. The port of Bonifacio is placed on the Bay of Bonifacio, a drowned ravine of a fjord-like appearance separated from the ocean by a finger-like promontory 1,500 meters (4,900 ft) long and 200 meters (660 ft) wide. In prehistoric post-glacial times when sea levels were low and the islands were connected, the ravine was part of a valley leading to upland Corsica. The maximum draught supported by the harbour is 3.5 meters (11 ft), more than ample for ancient ships and modern small vessels.
The city of Bonifacio is split into two sections. The vieille ville (old town), or la Haute Ville (the Upper city), on the site of a citadel, is located on the promontory overlooking the Mediterranean Sea. The citadel was built in the 9th century with the foundation of the city. The Citadel has been reconstructed and renovated many times since its construction and most recently was an administrative center for the French Foreign Legion. Today it is more of a museum. Historically most of the inhabitants have resided in the Haute ville under the immediate protection of the citadel. The harbour facilities and residential areas below, la marine, line the narrow shelf of the inlet and extend for some distance up the valley, giving the settlement a linear appearance and creating a third residential section limited by St. Julien on the east.
The city and its fortifications also extend for some distance along the cliff-tops, which are at about 70 meters (230 ft) elevation. The cliffs have been undercut by the ocean so that the buildings, which have been placed on the very lip of the precipice, appear to overhang it. The appearance from the sea is of a white city gleaming in the sun and suspended over the rough waters below.
Bonifacio has two prehistoric sites of some importance: the ancient cave shelter of Araguina-Sennola near the village of Capello on Route N96 just north of the city and a chambered tomb of Vasculacciu further north near Figari. The first is the site of the notable Lady of Bonifacio, a female burial carbon-dated to about 6570 BC, which is either late Mesolithic or Early Neolithic, and the second belongs to the Megalithic Culture and is dated to the Middle Neolithic. The alignment of the two and the extensive use of chert from Monte Arci in Sardinia shows that the Bay of Bonifacio was a route to inland Corsica from the earliest times.
The only record of southernmost Corsica in Roman times comes from the geographer Ptolemy. He reports the coordinates of Marianum Promontory and town, which, plotted on a map, turn out to be the farthest south of Corsica. After listing the peoples of the east coast he states that the Subasani (ancient Greek Soubasanoi) were "more to the south."
The people do not appear subsequently and the town and promontory have not been identified, nor do any Roman roads point to it. The only official road, the Via Corsica, ran between the Roman castra of Mariana and Aleria on the east coast and further south to Pallas, according to the Antonine Itinerary. Ptolemy places Pallas unequivocally on the east coast north of Marianum. Although unrecorded tracks and paths to the far south are possible, it is unlikely they would have carried any significant Roman traffic.
Maritime traffic through the strait however was significant and it could hardly have neglected the fine harbour at Bonifacio. The most popular choice for Marianum Promontory therefore is Cape Pertusato, southernmost point of Corsica island, about 9 kilometers (6 mi) east of the harbor, with Bonifacio itself as Marianum town. A second possibility would be the first century AD Roman ruins adjoining Piantarella Beach near the village of Ciappili and next to the grounds of Sperone golf course, a recreational suburb to the west of Bonifacio, but those ruins appear to represent a Roman villa and the beach though eminently suitable for recreation is of little value as a port. More likely the villa belonged to a citizen of Bonifacio as Marianum.
Corsica was taken from the Roman Empire in 469 AD by Genseric, king of the Vandals, and recovered by the Eastern Empire in 534. The Lombards having taken it again in 725, Charlemagne cleared them out by 774 and handed the island over to the Papacy, which had been the most powerful complainant of the island's devastation by Germanics. Starting in 806 the Moors of Spain began to contend for the island and held it for a short time but in 828 the Papacy assigned its defense to the margrave of Tuscany, a powerful state of the Holy Roman Empire nominally under the Kingdom of Italy.
The city in evidence today was founded as a fortress by and subsequently named after Boniface II of Tuscany in 828. He had led a naval expedition to suppress the Saracens of North Africa and returned to build an unassailable fortress and naval base from which the domains of Tuscany could be defended at the outermost frontier. Most of the citadel postdates the 9th century or is of uncertain date but Il Torrione, a round tower, was certainly part of the original citadel.
(Wikipedia)
Bonifacio (prononcé en français : [bɔnifasjo], en italien : [boniˈfaːtʃo]; en corse : Bunifaziu ou Bunifazziu selon le dialecte bonifacien) est une commune française située dans la circonscription départementale de la Corse-du-Sud et le territoire de la collectivité de Corse. Elle appartient à l'ancienne piève de Bonifacio dont elle était le chef-lieu.
Bonifacio, située à l'extrême sud de la Corse, est la commune française la plus méridionale de la France métropolitaine.
Au sud, les Bouches de Bonifacio séparent la Corse de la Sardaigne italienne.
Elle constitue après Porto-Vecchio la deuxième agglomération de l'Extrême Sud de la Corse, qui s'étend depuis Bonifacio jusqu'à Sari-di-Porto-Vecchio au nord et Monacia-d'Aullène à l'ouest en passant par Figari et son aéroport.
Dès 1833, les terrains néogènes de Bonifacio sont signalés par J. Reynaud dans une note publiée dans les Mémoires de la Société géologique de France (n° 20). « L'âge des couches de Bonifacio correspondant très probablement au calcaire moellon du Midi et à la mollasse des Martigues, de Cucuron et de Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux ». En 1886, l'îlot de Néogène de Bonifacio est soigneusement étudié par Pérou (n° 114) qui en donne la description suivante :
« Tantôt les premières assises disparaissaient, affleuraient ou étaient supérieures au niveau actuel de la mer ; qu'en de nombreux endroits l'érosion les avait totalement enlevées en ne laissant que le substratum de granite, et cela aussi bien sur les bords de la mer, par exemple, entre les ruisseaux de Canalli et de Balava, qu'à l'intérieur des terres, entre les collines de Sappa et de Finocchio. »
— D. Hollande in Géologie de la Corse, Bulletin de la Société des Sciences historiques et naturelles de la Corse - Éditeur Veuve Ollagnier Bastia, janvier 1917 p. 237-238.
Les sédiments du Néogène de Bonifacio forment à l'extrémité sud de la Corse un plateau élevé entre 60 et 80 mètres, d’une superficie de 60 km2, reposant en plein sol granitique. La mer a fortement rongé, miné à la base cet immense bloc ; les constructions élevées sur le bord des falaises « donnent l'impression d'une chute prochaine, bien qu'un tel état des choses dure depuis des siècles et ne trouble en rien la quiétude des habitants. ». La surface de ce plateau est découpée par des fentes, de petites vallées, qui la transforment en une table mamelonnée à monticules s'élevant jusqu'à 80 mètres au-dessus du niveau de la mer. La falaise que domine le phare de Capo Pertusato comprend essentiellement des mollasses graveleuses et des calcaires blancs.
Les sédiments néogènes de Bonifacio comprennent sept couches avec fossiles identifiés1, qui sont de haut en bas :
De l’Helvétien : 7 - Des calcaires assez tendres, grisâtres ; 6 - Des calcaires blancs subcrayeux ; 5 - Des calcaires durs, jaunâtres ou d'un gris blanc ;
Du Burdigalien : 4 - Des marnes ou des marno-calcaires ; 3 - Des calcaires verdâtres et des marnes sableuses, grises, ocreuses, quelquefois à grains de granite, où les fossiles sont nombreux ; 2 - Des calcaires ou des marno-calcaires ; 1 - Des lits de galets, de gravier et de sable.
L'origine de la ville actuelle de Bonifacio n'est pas vraiment connue avec précision, mais des dates approximatives indiquent sa refondation entre 828 et 833 par Boniface II de Toscane qui lui donna son nom actuel. L'histoire attestée de Bonifacio remonte en 1195 mais la ville fut colonisée par les Génois qui imposèrent à la ville des modifications militaires structurelles importantes (et qui créèrent la citadelle actuelle).
Comme tous les ports de commerce, son histoire a été relativement mouvementée notamment par un conflit guerrier entre Pise et Gênes, ces deux républiques se disputant avec acharnement sa citadelle qui était un maillon stratégique militaire et un complexe portuaire sans égal en Corse. Dans un premier temps, Pise fut maîtresse des lieux jusqu'à la fin du XIIe siècle.
Le roi Alphonse V d'Aragon, maintint en 1420 un siège pendant cinq mois avant de baisser les armes face à l'intouchable cité qu'était Bonifacio.
Bonifacio a subi au cours des siècles, de multiples attaques ; mais la plus terrible fut celle de la peste qui en 1528 fit plus de 4 300 morts dans la cité qui à cette époque comptait 5 000 habitants. Les murailles imprenables se révélèrent inutiles face à ce fléau. La chapelle Saint-Roch, à l'entrée de la ville, reste un témoignage de la fin de cette sombre période. On y fait toujours une procession qui rappelle que c'est en ce lieu, où est mort le dernier Bonifacien atteint de la maladie, avant la fin de la peste.
En 1553, encore très affaiblie par le passage de la peste, Bonifacio subissait une nouvelle attaque et dut se rendre à Dragut, un ancien corsaire turc dont on dit qu'il avait été commandité par le Maréchal des Thermes. La ville assiégée capitula pour la première fois et fut mise au pillage.
Le roi François Ier de France prend possession d'une ville détruite et dépeuplée que les Français commencent à reconstruire, mais qui, en vertu du traité de paix passé en 1559, est cédée à la République de Gênes.
(Wikipedia)
Bonifacio (korsisch: Bunifaziu) ist eine Hafenstadt an der südlichen Spitze der französischen Mittelmeerinsel Korsika (Département Corse-du-Sud) mit 3118 Einwohnern (Stand 1. Januar 2017). Sie gab der Straße von Bonifacio genannten Meerenge zwischen Korsika und der zwölf Kilometer entfernten Insel Sardinien ihren Namen.
Bonifacio ist die südlichste Gemeinde des Départements Corse-du-Sud und der Insel Korsika. Der Ort teilt sich in zwei Gebiete: die Ville haute (Oberstadt) genannte mittelalterliche Altstadt und die Marina im Hafenbereich. Die Ville haute liegt auf einer 900 Meter langen, schmalen, parallel zur Küste verlaufenden Landzunge aus Kalk- und Sandstein, der Île de Fazio, die an ihrer Seeseite aus einer durchschnittlichen Höhe von 70 Metern faktisch senkrecht zum Meer hin abfällt. An der Landseite der Landzunge ist eine fjordartige Bucht (französisch Calanque) in den Kalkstein eingeschnitten, die einen gut geschützten Naturhafen bildet. Dort fällt das Kalksteinplateau weniger steil zum Wasser hin ab. Der Naturhafen dient gleichzeitig als Fischerei- und Yachthafen. Des Weiteren ist Bonifacio ein Zentrum der Handelsschifffahrt und des Fährverkehrs mit der benachbarten Insel Sardinien sowie des Fremdenverkehrs, insbesondere in den Sommermonaten.
Die offizielle Gründung Bonifacios geht auf das Jahr 828 und den toskanischen Grafen Bonifacio II. zurück. Archäologische Funde belegen allerdings, dass die Gegend bereits in frühgeschichtlichen Zeiten besiedelt war. 1187 gelang es den Genuesern mit einer List die Stadt einzunehmen. Abgesehen von einer Unterbrechung in den Jahren von 1553 bis 1559 (Sampiero Corso) blieb Bonifacio bis 1768 in der Hand Genuas. Seit 1768 ist Bonifacio unter französischer Herrschaft. 1793 bereitete Napoleon hier die gescheiterte Invasion Sardiniens vor. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg wurde Bonifacio 1942 wie ganz Korsika von deutschen und italienischen Truppen besetzt.
Die auf einem halbinselartigen Felsplateau gelegene Altstadt von Bonifacio ist wohl eine der eindrucksvollsten im Mittelmeerraum. Das Plateau ist an seinem Fuß auf der Seeseite stark ausgewaschen, sodass die Häuser darauf fast wie auf einem Balkon stehen.
Die Altstadt, deren enge, kopfsteingepflasterte Straßen von vier- bis fünfstöckigen Häusern gesäumt werden, ist über eine Zugbrücke und einen im Zickzack angelegten Tunnel zur Zitadelle zu erreichen. Das Panorama, das sich von den zahlreichen Aussichtspunkten bietet, verdeutlicht, warum Bonifacio stets als Schutzhafen vor den unberechenbaren Witterungs- und Strömungsbedingungen in der Straße von Bonifacio angesteuert wurde. Es gibt ebenfalls den Blick auf die mit Häusern bebauten weißen Kalk- und Sandstein-felsen frei, an denen das Meer seit Jahrtausenden ununterbrochen nagt, so dass sich Grotten bildeten, die ein beliebtes Ausflugsziel sind. Im Westen der Altstadt liegt der alte Meeresfriedhof (Cimetière marin de Saint-François), der beinahe den Charakter einer eigenen kleinen Stadt aus unzähligen Mausoleen und Familiengruften aufweist.
Die einzigartige Lage machte die Stadt immer wieder zum Zentrum kriegerischer Auseinandersetzungen, weshalb sie im Laufe der Zeit zu einer Festung ausgebaut wurde.
Die Grotten sind Ziel der vom Hafen aus organisierten Bootsfahrten, während der auch die Klippen vom Meer aus bewundert werden können. Von dort gut zu sehen ist auch die sogenannte Treppe des Königs von Aragon, deren Stufen in den Stein gehauen von der Oberstadt bis zum Meer führen.
Entlang der Klippen bietet sich eine Wanderung von Bonifacio aus in Richtung Südosten bis zum südlichsten Punkt Korsikas an, dem Capo Pertusato. Von dort eröffnet sich eine schöne Aussicht auf die Stadt.
Die Gastronomiebetriebe im Hafen sind auf die Zubereitung fangfrischen Fisches spezialisiert.
Das bei jedem Wetter gut geschützte Hafenbecken liegt am Ende der schmalen „Calanque“ und bietet daher Segelyachten keine Gelegenheit zum Kreuzen. Die Einfahrt selbst ist schwer auszumachen, die Häuser der Altstadt auf dem Plateau im Osten sind gut zu erkennen.
Gut erkennbar ist der weiße, viereckige Turm mit dem Wohngebäude des Leuchtturms auf Cap Pertusato, der von Süden und Westen zu sehen ist. Aus Norden kommend, ist der weiße Leuchtturm mit schwarzer Galerie auf Cap de Feno die beste Landmarke. An den Klippen unterhalb der Altstadt sind der restaurierte Wachturm und in den Fels gehauenen Treppen (Treppe des Königs von Aragon) zu sehen.
(Wikipedia)
When traveling to the blacksmith, the captain of the black falcon always stop by his old friend's Leon. The two of them were in the same unit of the royal guard, until Leon quit the army, after getting back from a too long mission patroling the western border of the realm, only to find his wife had succumbed to a disease. After some time he decided to reopen the family brewery: the Two Vipers' Brewery.
My entry for BrickPirate summer challenge for which we were asked to make a medieval building with a maximum size of 32x32.
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SPONSOR:
The SKIN used is the Gloom - Kazuo Skin (EvoX), it's available exclusively at the MANHOOD event June-July round!!!
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Made for LeLUTKA Tae Head 4.0 EvoX
This shape fits the bodies:
- [LEGACY] Meshbody (m) Athletic Edition (1.6)
- -Belleza- Mesh Body Jake
- [ INITHIUM ] KARIO
- [Signature] Davis - Mesh Body - v1.2
- [Signature] Gianni - Mesh Body - v6.1
COMPLETE STYLECARD INCLUDED
If you have any doubt feel free to question me in world!
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Photo réalisée en diaporama à partir de 5 images prises en vertical au 70 mm afin de garder le maximum de ciel et conserver le côté dramatique de la scène. ————————————————————————————-Photo created as a slideshow from five vertical images taken at 70 mm in order to capture as much of the sky as possible and preserve the dramatic aspect of the scene.
or IN WORLD in GLOOM Mainstore!!! 👉 @Taxi_GLOOM
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SPONSORS:
▶ SKIN - Gloom - Titan Skin (EvoX)
▶ EYES - Gloom - Decadanse Collection
They're available in the GLOOM mainstore!!!
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The hairbase used is the Unorthodox x VUEZO Scalpz- Yoppa Hairbase, it's available in the UNORTHODOX Mainstore and VUEZO Marketplace!!!
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Made for LeLUTKA Ford Head 4.0 EvoX
This shape fits the bodies:
- [LEGACY] Meshbody (m) Athletic Edition (1.6)
- -Belleza- Mesh Body Jake
- [ INITHIUM ] KARIO
- [Signature] Davis - Mesh Body - v1.2
- [Signature] Gianni - Mesh Body - v6.1
COMPLETE STYLECARD INCLUDED
This shape has limited quantity, only 03 items available
If you have any doubt feel free to question me in world!
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A public light bus is a common public mode of transport in Hong Kong. It mainly serves the area that standard Hong Kong bus lines cannot reach as efficiently. It is colloquially known as a minibus or, in Cantonese Chinese, a Van仔.
It is defined as a kind of share taxi. Minibuses carry a maximum of 16 seated passengers; no standing passengers are allowed. Minibuses typically offer a faster and more efficient transportation solution due to their small size, limited carrying capacity, frequency and diverse range of routes, although they are generally slightly more expensive than standard buses.
And for those who are curious:
The WHITE NOTICE says: " Shout louder to unboard "
The YELLOW NOTICE: " To avoid misunderstandings, please pay when boarding; same price for adult & child "
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More Street shots: Urban
Still life by the Streets: By The Streets
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The maximum by Tohoku that occurred on March 11, the large earthquake, and the tsunami of Japan suffer from the disaster in history. It approaches 2000 people only by the death and the missing person. Miserable scene that thinks about Judgement Day in area of devastation where only mark had been left
It seems to see the hell drawing.
The region where I live is safe.
However, suffering of people in the stricken district is seen with the report. It is guessed that any word is not accepted. And, I feel powerlessness. This painful reality
Please open it from the disaster early.
It wishes that Tohoku in beautiful Japan revive.
This was a spur of the moment shot taken a couple of minutes past the maximum eclipse, which was about 65% here in Phoenix. I had just gotten to work and was getting out of the car when I decided to try it. I set my shutter speed to as fast as it goes 1/8,000 second at f/22, and ISO 100.
Patio table at local market - crafted from recycled highway signs that were destined for the landfill.
Rockville, Maryland
Day 206 of my 365 Project
Stella & Karen V1.0
www.mediafire.com/?oib087oc6bv0rem
Requires TBBP compatible skeleton: XP32 Maximum Skeleton - XPMS
skyrim.nexusmods.com/mods/26800//?
Feature:
-Adds 2 female followers.
Follower Info:
-Location: The Temple of Mara, in Riften
-Essential, Marriage possible
Default Body : UNBP TBBP
Level : Min 10 - (Level up in synchronization with the player.)
Special thanks to 89 G.J for helping me to pick Followers's names
Credits and Thanks:
XP32 Maximum Skeleton, UNPB resources.
Hello Santa for SG Series (SG hair, SG Female Eyebrows & SG textures ver 08 Nov 2013).
KS Hairdos 265 by Kalilies Shocky and Stealthic Khaos: www.nexusmods.com/skyrim/mods/58221/?
Enhanced Character Edit by ECE team: www.nexusmods.com/skyrim/mods/12951/?
Eyes Glitch Fix by bellwood2206: www.nexusmods.com/skyrim/mods/50132/?
Raven Reginleif for Precious Eyes Style V2: skyravblog.blogspot.ru/2014/10/precious-eyes-style-v2.html
Halofarm for High Poly Feet and Hands for UNP Bodies: mod.dysintropi.me/high-poly-feet-and-hands-for-unp-bodies/
Kameleon Armor by davjes: www.nexusmods.com/skyrim/mods/57530/?
Uglykidcid (loverslab) for conversion Kameleon Armor to UNPB TBBP
Val3DArt for creating Golden Arrow, JRCosta for conversion Golden Arrow to 7B: tes5stuff.blogspot.com/2014/09/golden-arrow-outfit.html
Jianeddie (3DM game) for Vindictus Devil Hunter outfit, Zquad1 (loverslab) for conversion Vindictus Devil Hunter -Demon Fet-
SydneyB for Bear Choker from Ashara Dimonized Dress and jewelry by SydneyB: www.nexusmods.com/skyrim/mods/14146/?
Enio for ChaosStarAmulet from Vampire Hunter: tes-game.ru/load/skyrim/bronja_i_odezhda/2537/39-1-0-3633
....
A glorious, 360 lavender daffy with maximum extension at Alta's infamous "Frank" party, on closing day.
Rhododendron maximum is a species of Rhododendron native to the Appalachians of eastern North America, from Alabama north to coastal Nova Scotia. Its common names include great laurel, great rhododendron, rosebay rhododendron, American rhododendron and big rhododendron.
Description
Rhododendron maximum is an evergreen shrub growing to 4 m (13 ft), rarely 10 m (33 ft), tall. The leaves are 9–19 cm (3.5–7.5 in) long and 2–4 cm (0.79–1.57 in) broad. The flowers are 2.5–3 cm (0.98–1.18 in) diameter, white, pink or pale purple, often with small greenish-yellow spots. The fruit is a dry capsule 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in) long, containing numerous small seeds. The leaves can be poisonous. Leaves are sclerophyllous, simple, alternate, and oblong (10 to 30 cm long, 5 to 8 cm wide). It retains its waxy, deep-green leaves for up to 8 years, but once shed are slow to decompose. It produces large, showy, white to purple flowers each June and July.
Distribution and habitat
Rosebay rhododendron is the most frequently occurring and dominant species of Rhododendron in the southern Appalachian region, and occurs occasionally on mesic hill-slopes throughout the upper Piedmont Crescent of the Southeastern United States.
Ecology
Approximately 12,000 square miles in the southern Appalachians are occupied by this species[5] where it dominates the understory. This species has historically been confined to riparian areas and other mesic sites but takes advantage of disturbed areas where it is present to advance onto sub-mesic sites. It prefers deep well-drained acid soils high in organic matter where it produces a thick, peat-like humus. It prefers low to medium light conditions for optimum carbon gain, and has a tremendous capacity for avoiding cavitation during freeze-thaw cycles. Where extensive overstory mortality has eliminated most of the overstory, this species forms a thick and continuous subcanopy known locally as 'laurel slicks' or 'laurel hells'. Rosebay rhododendron is an important structural and functional component of southern Appalachian forest ecosystems. What is not clear is whether or not we are in a period of advancement or retreat for this species. For example, on poorly drained sites on ridge or upper slope positions, large areas of rosebay rhododendron, particularly at the high elevations, have recently died out presumably due to the Phytophthora fungus, or due to recent prolonged periods of below-average precipitation. Yet, rosebay rhododendron now occupies sites that historically were free of evergreen understory. There are still important questions to be answered regarding this species to completely understand its role in forest understories.
In North Carolina, US, Pestalotiopsis which is a genus of ascomycete fungi causes grey-brown spots on the living leaves.
Reproduction
Rosebay rhododendron is clonal. It is capable, however, of reproducing both vegetatively and sexually. It reproduces vegetatively through a process called 'layering' where it produces roots from above ground woody parts when in contact with the forest floor. The fruit is produced from showy flowers from March to August. The fruit is an oblong capsule that ripens in the fall, and splits along the sides soon after ripening to release large numbers of minute seed (c. 400 per capsule). Microsite requirements for seed germination are relatively specific (e.g., high in organic matter such as rotting logs); hence, the majority of reproduction is vegetative resulting in a clonal distribution.
Cultivation
Seeds from rosebay rhododendron are minute and it is estimated that approximately 11 million are contained in 1 kg. Commercial seed production is generally from cultivated hybrids. Seeds from wild sources are not commonly sold commercially. Rosebay rhododendron is a slow-growing shrub and has a very high sprout potential. If mechanical removal is attempted in the case of forest management, extremely high densities are attained by this species in a matter of a few years. Prescribed fire has also been used to control this species but with limited success.
Uses
Rosebay rhododendron is a striking and aesthetically pleasing feature of mesic southern Appalachian forests. It is one of the largest and hardiest rhododendrons grown commercially. Several cultivars with white to purple flowers have been selected for the horticultural trade. Where it occurs naturally, it produces a showy, white, pink, or light purple flower primarily in June, but occurs from March into August. Rosebay rhododendron maintains deep-green foliage year round. This species affords protection to steep watersheds and shelter for wildlife. The wood is very hard and is occasionally used for specialty wood products.
Detrimental effects
For all its prized qualities as a naturally occurring component of the landscape or as plantings in residential and commercial landscaping, rosebay rhododendron can have an inhibitory effect on regeneration of other plant species. There is some evidence to suggest that due to fire suppression and the absence of other cultural activities (i.e., mountain-land grazing), this species has advanced beyond the mesic forest sites into sub-mesic understories. The significance of this movement onto previously unoccupied sites centers around the impacts of rosebay rhododendron on plant succession and resource availability. Rosebay rhododendron is associated with reduced woody and herbaceous seedling abundance throughout its range, and hence poses a serious impediment to the production of wood products. The mechanism(s) by which rosebay rhododendron reduces seedling survival has been the subject of much debate. Possible sources of inhibition include allelopathy, competition for resources including light, physical and chemical attributes of the forest floor and soil, and interactions between some or all sources.
Alternate common names
R. maximum has also been called:
Great rhododendron
Late rhododendron
Summer rhododendron
Great laurel
Bigleaf laurel
Deertongue laurel
Rose tree
Rose bay
Bayis
Symbolism
Rhododendron maximum is the state flower of the U.S. state of West Virginia.
Only wish I could do a 360 with the camera as is would have worked perfectly last night for the this particular sunset!!! I must admit that the late colors in the clouds faded a bit as the clouds on the horizon were a bit too heavy!! At one point I couldn't figure out which direction to point the camera in!! Not the most brilliant but very impressive nonetheless! I usually save scenes such as this but have decided to put them all up at once!!
I would also like to apologize to my Flickr friends for getting so warped out of shape!! There are things happening that are disturbing (not at home)and I have let them filter over into my photostream!! I hope I can keep a bit of cool to my hot headed bohemian temperament! Wishing everyone all the very best and I hope you enjoy the colors of the night!
Nighttime sharpens, heightens each sensation
Darkness stirs and wakes imagination
Silently the senses abandon their defenses
Helpless to resist the notes I write...
For I compose the music of the night
Slowly, gently, Night unfurls it's Splendor
Grasp it, sense it, tremulous and tender
Hearing is believing, music is deceiving
Hard as lightening, soft as candlelight.
Dare you trust the music of the night?
Close your Eyes
For your eyes will only tell the truth
And the truth isn't what you want to see
In the dark it is easy to pretend
That the truth is what it ought to be.
Andrew Lloyd Webber
DSC04133uls
Little story behind this session - we had scheduled for the past Saturday originally down in the local park. So we all arrived on time and started trekking into the grass to get to our 'ultimate destination'... however we were ambushed by 600 023 mosquitos (I counted). Within thirty minutes we retreated due to our war wounds. So... needless to say we rescheduled for yesterday in the middle of the city - not a mosquito in sight!
Oh... the rule of thirds is ridiculously overrated ;)
The HWATR (Heavy Weaponized All Terrain Robot) Mk. 1 is a 3.4-meter-tall autonomous or remotely piloted combat mecha with impressive offensive capabilities. This mecha is equipped with three main armaments: a minigun with a 2,400-round cartridge; a compact railgun firing 6 rounds per minute and a 24-round cartridge, with a range of 1 km and capable of penetrating light armor such as that of LAVs and IFVs; and a single anti-tank TOW missile launcher. All weapons are manually reloadable. For defense, the HWATR has a drone jammer on top, smoke dischargers, and a laser detection system. Like all next-generation systems in the Plighia army, this mecha also features BODYGUARD technology. The weak points of this mecha are the lower joints, which are particularly exposed and poorly protected, to ensure maximum agility and speed (maximum speed similar to that of an average human running) on all types of terrain.
“STS VISIT TO SOLAR MAXIMUM MISSION SATELLITE---An artist’s concept depicts an astronaut preparing to “dock” with the Solar Maximum Mission Satellite, using the manned maneuvering unit (MMU) backpack apparatus. His mission is to stabilize the tumbling satellite. It will be brought into the Shuttle cargo bay via the remote manipulator system (RMS) for repairs, which are necessary to maintain continuous solar observation and coverage. The satellite is the first spacecraft designed for on-orbit service by the Space Shuttle. The defective attitude control system module is replaceable with a single power tool.”
One of many amazing works by Mr. Bennett for Martin/Martin Marietta over the years:
Rich life and a good man. Rest In peace...and in space Sir:
www.celestis.com/participants-testimonials/charles-oren-b...
Surely there’s a higher resolution color version of this somewhere online besides this. I'll be damned if I can find it though:
science.ksc.nasa.gov/mirrors/images/images/pao/STS41C/100...
Compare/contrast to Russ Arasmith's version:
www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/history/russ-arasmith-shutt...
The method of capture depicted didn’t work. What happened:
Taken on April 10th 1965
8-car DMU train at Waskerley station, on a sunny day in April 1965, during the R.C.T.S. 'North Eastern No.2' railtour, with BR Derby 'Lightweight' units nearest the camera.. The 'yellow diamond' multi-unit system specified a maximum of eight cars in a train..
The Derby 'Lightweight' units had first entered service in 1954, and the last ones were withdrawn from passenger traffic in 1969. Some survived in departmental use, and today (2024) one two-car unit and one single-car unit - and a two-car battery-electric version - have been preserved.
The line through here had been opened in 1845 by the Stockton and Darlington Railway, and this station had closed to passengers as far back as 1859, but was occasionally used until 1921.
The platforms had already disappeared by the time this photo was taken, and the line itself closed completely in August 1965.
Today (2024) the trackbed is part of a cycle path, but the old goods shed - seen just above the third carriage - still exists.
Restored from an under-exposed cyan-colour-shifted original..
Original slide - property of Robert Gadsdon
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The skin used is a VOGUEL stuff available in:
Thank you so much Voguel for your super support!!!
Made for LeLUTKA Eon Head 4.0 EvoX
This shape fits the bodies:
- [LEGACY] Meshbody (m) Athletic Edition (1.6)
- -Belleza- Mesh Body Jake
- [ INITHIUM ] KARIO
- [Signature] Davis - Mesh Body - v1.2
This shape has limited quantity, only 03 items available
COMPLETE STYLECARD INCLUDED
If you have any doubt feel free to question me in world!
===================================================
The time is 21:14 UTC (22:14 local time), exactly at the middle of the total lunar eclipse. The moon is very dark, reddish and details are difficult to observe. Also focusing is getting increasingly more difficult.
Taken from the Sosus Dune Lodge, 15-Jun-2011, Namibia
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Made for LeLUTKA Camden Head 4.0 EvoX
This shape fits the bodies:
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- -Belleza- Mesh Body Jake
- [ INITHIUM ] KARIO
- [Signature] Davis - Mesh Body - v1.2
- [Signature] Gianni - Mesh Body - v6.1
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Zebra Finch - this one was gathering nesting material for its nest in a Norfolk Pine.
Scientific Name: Taeniopygia guttata
Description: Zebra Finches are mainly grey, with characteristic black 'tear drop' eye stripes and 'zebra like' black and white barring on the rump and upper tail. The throat and upper breast are pale grey, with fine black barring, and there is a broad black band on upper chest. The sides of the belly are chestnut with many white spots. The remainder of the belly and the undertail are white. The male is distinguished from the female by its chestnut cheek patches, a character that gave the species the alternative name of Chestnut-eared Finch. Both sexes have red eyes and bill. The legs and feet are orange yellow. Young are similar in plumage to the female, except that the clear black and white markings of the head are absent. The eyes are grey-brown and the bill is black.
Distribution: Zebra Finches are the most common and widespread of Australia's grassfinches, found across the Australian mainland, with the exception of Cape York Peninsula and some coastal areas. They are also found in Timor and the Lesser Sunda Islands.
Habitat: Zebra Finches are most commonly found in the drier areas of Australia, living year round in social flocks of up to 100 or more birds. They can be found in a variety of habitats, mainly dry wooded grasslands, bordering watercourses.
Feeding: Zebra Finches feed in large flocks on fallen or ripening grass seeds. Insects may be taken at any time of the year, but are particularly favoured when feeding young. Feeding takes place on the ground, and, unlike some other grassfinches, birds never pull seed heads down with their feet.
Breeding: Zebra Finches pair for life. The female alone selects the nest site, but both birds care for the eggs and young. The male gathers almost all the nesting material, with which the female constructs the loose dome-shaped nest. Birds have also been reported to nest in hollows in the ground, although this behaviour is uncommon. With a time-span of 70 to 80 days from hatching to becoming sexually active, the Zebra Finch is one of the fastest maturing bird species recorded.
Minimum Size: 10cm
Maximum Size: 12cm
Average size: 12cm
Average weight: 12g
Breeding season: October to April, varies depending on rainfall.
Incubation: 14 days
Nestling Period: 21 days
(Source: www.birdsinbackyards.net)
© Chris Burns 2018
__________________________________________
All rights reserved.
This image may not be copied, reproduced, distributed, republished, downloaded, displayed, posted or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, mechanical, photocopying and recording without my written consent.
Many thanks for your visits, faves and comments. Cheers.
....from a walk through Oxley Creek Common. Oxley Creek Common is home to a remarkable variety of birds. An experienced observer can find as many as 70 species in one hour of observation during the spring about 10% of all Australia's bird species and several times the diversity one could find walking the suburbs. In the past eleven years over 190 species have been recorded on the Common. (Source: University of Queensland)
Superb Fairy-wren
Scientific Name: Malurus cyaneus
Description: Adult male Superb Fairy-wrens are among the most brightly coloured of the species, especially during the breeding season. They have rich blue and black plumage above and on the throat. The belly is grey-white and the bill is black. Females and young birds are mostly brown above with a dull red-orange area around the eye and a brown bill. Females have a pale greenish gloss, absent in young birds, on the otherwise brown tail. The legs are brown in both sexes. Males from further inland and in the south-west of the range have more blue on the back and underparts.
Similar species: Several other species of fairy-wren are found in Australia. The males of each species are quite distinct, but the females and young birds are often difficult to separate. Of the species that overlap in range with the Superb Fairy-wren, the female White-winged Fairy-wren Malurus leucopterus and Red-backed Fairy-wren M. melanocephalus lacks the chestnut colour around the eye, while the female Variegated Fairy-wren M. lamberti has a dull grey-blue wash. Both the Superb and White-winged Fairy-wrens are similar in size. The Variegated Fairy-wren is slightly larger in size and has a longer tail.
Distribution: Superb Fairy-wrens are found south of the Tropic of Capricorn through eastern Australia and Tasmania to the south-eastern corner of South Australia.
Habitat: Seen in most habitat types where suitable dense cover and low shrubs occur. They are common in urban parks and gardens, and can be seen in small social groups. These groups normally consist of one dominant male and several females and young birds.
Feeding: Superb Fairy-wrens feed on insects and other small arthropods. These are caught mostly on the ground, but may also be taken from low bushes. Feeding takes place in small social groups.
Breeding: The nest is a dome-shaped structure of grasses and other fine material. It is usually placed in a low bush and is constructed by the female. The female incubates the eggs alone, but both sexes feed the young. Other members of the group will also help with the feeding of the young.
Male Superb Fairy-wrens have been labelled as 'the least faithful birds in the world'. Females may be courted by up to 13 males in half an hour, and 76% of young are sired by males from outside the social group.
Calls: The Superb Fairy-wren gives a series of high pitched trills, which are given by both sexes. The male often extends these trills into song.
Minimum Size: 13cm
Maximum Size: 14cm
Average size: 14cm
Average weight: 10g
Clutch Size: Three to four.
(Source: www.birdsinbackyards.net)
© Chris Burns 2016
__________________________________________
All rights reserved.
This image may not be copied, reproduced, distributed, republished, downloaded, displayed, posted or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, mechanical, photocopying and recording without my written consent.
"Unreal Tournament 3"
-UE3 Commands
-in game the color mode is "bright" + maximum brightness in the settings, for the purity of white.
B- P Gundersen Ford Fiesta Touringcar vs. L. Rosendahl Peugeot 207 Touringcar vs. PM Royras Peugeot 206 Touringcar
World Rallycross Germany 2015
or IN WORLD in:
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Or HM store (temporary location) 👉 HERE
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--------------------------------------
Made for LeLUTKA Kris Head 4.0 EvoX
This shape fits the bodies:
- [LEGACY] Meshbody (m) Athletic Edition (1.6)
- -Belleza- Mesh Body Jake
- [ INITHIUM ] KARIO
- [Signature] Davis - Mesh Body - v1.2
- [Signature] Gianni - Mesh Body - v6.1
COMPLETE STYLECARD INCLUDED
If you have any doubt feel free to question me in world!
====================
SEE MORE IN:
📌 MY BLOG
📌 X POST