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"In Sacred memory of Frances, born of the illustrious and ancestral family of the lords of Berkeley, daughter of the most honourable Henry , Baron Berkeley and his wife Catherine sister of Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk, and most dear wife of George Shirley of Staunton, knight, to whom she bore 4 sons, two of whom were summoned to their heavenly home in infancy, and one daughter. She was lady of the highest chastity, modesty, integrity, faith in God and love for her husband, and splendidly equipped with the glory of all other virtues worthy of such a family. Piously and calmly she ended this mortal life in childbirth and was called to the company of the immortals on the 29th of December in the year of our Lord 1595 aged 31 years.
For her husband and her children she left behind a most greavous sense of loss.
George Shirley, grieving and sorrowing, has set up this monument and ordained that with her, to whom when living he was united in wedlock in the hope of children, he be invited to her tomb in death, together in the hope of the resurrection at the last day.
Death which untimely tore thee from my bed and robbed my home
Shall one day give me back with thee to wed in this thy tomb "
George Shirley 1622 and 1st wife Frances Berkeley 1598 who died in childbirth
George kneels with his 2 sons, in front of wife Frances and daughter Mary with 2 infants in cradles. Underneath lies a skeleton, a reminder of what they will become
Frances was the daughter of Henry 7th Baron Berkeley and Katherine www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/9496809132/ 3rd daughter of Henry Howard (the 'Poet Earl'), Earl of Surrey ex 1547 and Frances www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/9493951767/ daughter of John de Vere 15th Earl of Oxford and Elizabeth Trussell. www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/14513115062/
George was the son of John Shirley 1570 www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/sKgCZz of Staunton Harald and Jane heiress daughter of Thomas Lovett 1572 www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/5356352947/ of Astwell by Elizabeth Fermor of Easton Neston
He was the grandson of Francis Shirley 1571 & Dorothy Giffard www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/1G500z
Francis Shirley had bought the former priory lands here from the Crown in 1539
Both his father and Shirley grandfather having already died, at the age of 13 after the death of his other grandfather Thomas Lovett , his custody, wardship and marriage were given by the Queen to Henry McWilliam & wife Lady Cheke
He studied at Harford College Oxford before "presenting his services at Court"
George & Frances married 22nd February 1586 at Callowden, near Coventry
Children
1. George b/d 1587 died an infant
2. Henry 1588-1634 m Dorothy daughter of Robert Devereux 2nd Earl of Essex and Frances daughter of Sir Francis Walsingham (parents of Sir Robert Shirley 1656 of Staunton Harold www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/44XiwC )
3. Thomas 1594-1654 described as an antiquarian
4. John died an infant
1. Mary 1595-1630
Frances was "struck with a deadly disease lying in childbed and seeing herself on her deathbed, she sent for a famous and holy priest whom she had honoured for his learning, innocensy and sanctity of life, to assist her with his prayers at her last hours. She gave her blessing to her children, took her leave and gave her last farewell to her husband recommending unto him her surviving three little children, most earnestly praying and desiring that he would have a care that they might be instructed and brought up in the fear of God and the true Catholick religion,and having made a general confession of her whole life, she received with great fervour and devotion the blessed sacrament, and by divers miracles she was visited by the heavenly courtiers St Peter, St John & St Thomas of Canterbury on whose day she died ...... "
George m2 Dorothy www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/2401560660/ daughter of Sir Thomas Wroughton of Broadhinton Wilts by Anne flic.kr/p/j5QVHF co-heiress of John Barwick of Wilcot.: Dorothy was the widow of Henry Unton
According to son Thomas, Sir George "had spent 3 whole years in mourning and solitary widowhood", before
"following his sute verie hard, but doth nowe meane to desist without shee will be brought to qualifie the conditions of her obigations "
Dorothy's "pre nup" on her marriage to George shows she wasn't taking any chances. -
" First she doth require to reserve her own living entire to herself, to bestow the commodities of it to her own pleasure, without any controls; secondly, she doth demand a £1000 yearly jointure; third, £500 land to be tyed upon her son, if by any good means there may be one gotten; fourthly, if it so fall that her husband and she should fall out, she doth require £500 a year out of his living, and to live apart from him with that added to her living of Faringdon".
George was created a baronet in 1611 having loaned King James £50 the highest sum in the county
George was suspected of being a Catholic, although mindful of the fines imposed, he outwardly conformed to the church of England.. (If a Papists refused to come to church on Sunday, they were liable to a penalty of 20 pounds for every lunar month during which they absented themselves). He was placed on the list of suspected Papists in Northamptonshire. All his armour and weapons were removed from Astwell House in his absence overseas in 1618 on the plea that his servants were recusants. Lord Exeter, then Lord Lieutenant, thereupon wrote to the Privy Council on his behalf that "he had always been loyal and forward in service and declared himself no recusant". Three years later his arms were restored to him. A letter to Dr. Lambe, Chancellor of the Diocese of Peterborourgh, from four of the local clergy, suggests that they thought very strongly that his attendance at their services was more than a mere formality. He was perhaps one of those who had "true unity, which is most glorious."
"May it please you, Sir, Whereas we whose names are hereunder written are intreated by Sir George Shirley of Astwell in your Countie of Northampton Baronet, to certifie our knowledge to your worship of his conformities in coming to the church and hearing devine service and sermons there, upon Sundays and Holldayes, according to the lawe in that case; we do hereby certifie you that the said Sir George Shirley (being an old gent. and his house farr from the parish churche) and having an auntient privileged chappell in his house, hathe, according to the booke of Common prayer, service red in the same chappell by Mr. Jones. a Batchelor in Divinitie and Chaplen in his house, who hathe of him a yearely stipend for reading prayer and preaching there, to which service and sermons himselfe, his Ladie and his familie doe come verie orderly, and we doe further certifie your worship that we ourselves doe verifie often every yeare in the absence of his said chaplen, or when we are thereunto entreated by the said Sir George Shirley, come thither and read service and preache in his his said chappell to him, his Ladie and his familie; and this with remembrance of our humble dutie we committ you to God, and rest.
However in the words of his son, Thomas, George died on 27th of April 1622, aged 63, "in the bosom of his mother, the Roman Catholick Church". "His piety was so remarkable in his large and bountiful alms, that he merited the glorious title of father and nourisher of the poor, relieving during the great dearth, 500 a day at his gates"
The monument was put up in 1598 after 1st wife Frances died. In 1596 he contracted with Garrett and Jasper Hollemans to put up a monument at Wappenham, Northamptonshire where her father was buried, but he evidently changed his mind about the location and had it erected at Breedon instead. .
The Shirley family bought the manor after it was surrendered to the Crown in 1539
books.google.co.uk/books?id=_vQRAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA81&...
www.shirleyassociation.com/NewShirleySite/NonMembers/Engl...
- Church of St Mary & St Hardulph, Breedon on the Hill, Leicestershire
+++ DISCLAIMER +++
Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based on historical facts. BEWARE!
Some background:
In 1948, a swept wing version of the F-84 was created with the hope of bringing performance to the level of the F-86. The last production F-84E was fitted with a swept tail, a new wing with 38.5 degrees of leading-edge sweep and 3.5 degrees of anhedral, and a J35-A-25 engine producing 5,300 pound-force (23.58 kN) of thrust. The aircraft was designated XF-96A and flew on 3 June 1950. Although the airplane was capable of 602 knots (693 mph, 1,115 km/h), the performance gain over the F-84E was considered minor. Nonetheless, it was ordered into production in July 1950 as the F-84F Thunderstreak. The F-84 designation was eventually retained because the fighter was expected to be a low-cost improvement of the straight-wing Thunderjet with over 55 percent commonality in tooling.
In the meantime, the USAF, hoping for improved high-altitude performance from a more powerful engine, arranged for the British Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire turbojet engine to be built in the United States as the Wright J65. To accommodate the larger engine, YF-84Fs with a British-built Sapphire as well as production F-84Fs with the J65 had a vertically stretched fuselage, with the air intake attaining an oval cross-section. Production quickly ran into problems, though. Although tooling commonality with the Thunderjet was supposed to be 55 %, but just 15 % of the tools could actually be re-used. To make matters worse, the F-84F utilized press-forged wing spars and ribs. At the time, only three presses in the United States could manufacture these, and priority was given to the Boeing B-47 Stratojet bomber over the F-84. The YJ65-W-1 engine was considered obsolete, too, and the improved J65-W-3 did not become available until 1954. When the first production F-84F flew on 22 November 1952, it was considered not ready for operational deployment due to control and stability problems. The first 275 aircraft, equipped with conventional stabilizer-elevator tailplanes, suffered from accelerated stall pitch-up and poor turning ability at combat speeds. Beginning with Block 25, the problem was improved upon by the introduction of a hydraulically powered one-piece stabilator. A number of aircraft were also retrofitted with spoilers for improved high-speed control. As a result, the F-84F was not declared operational until 12 May 1954.
The second YF-84F prototype was completed with wing-root air intakes. These were not adopted for the fighter due to loss of thrust, but this arrangement kept the nose section free and permitted placement of cameras, and the different design was adopted for the RF-84F Thunderflash reconnaissance version. Being largely identical to the F-84F, the Thunderflash suffered from the same production delays and engine problems, though, delaying operational service until March 1954.
During the F-84F’s development the Air Defense Command was looking for a replacement for the outdated F-94 ‘Starfire’ interceptor, a hasty development from the T-33 trainer airframe with an afterburner engine and an on-board radar. However, the F-94 was only armed with machine guns in its early versions or unguided missiles in its later incarnations, which were inadequate. An aircraft with better performance, ideally with supersonic speed, a better radar, and the ability to carry guided missiles (in the form if the AIR-1 and 2 ‘Falcon’ AAMs) as well as the AIR-2 ‘Genie’ missile was now requested.
The Douglas AIR-2 Genie followed a unique but effective concept that represented the technological state-of-the-art: it was an unguided air-to-air rocket with a 1.5 kt W25 nuclear warhead. The interception of Soviet strategic bombers was a major military preoccupation of the late 1940s and 1950s. The World War II-age fighter armament of machine guns and cannon were inadequate to stop attacks by massed bomber formations, which were expected to come in at high altitude and at high subsonic speed. Firing large volleys of unguided rockets into bomber formations was not much better, and true air-to-air missiles were in their infancy. In 1954 Douglas Aircraft began a program to investigate the possibility of a nuclear-armed air-to-air weapon. To ensure simplicity and reliability, the weapon would be unguided, since the large blast radius made precise accuracy unnecessary. Full-scale development began in 1955, with test firing of inert warhead rockets commencing in early 1956. The final design carried a 1.5-kiloton W25 nuclear warhead and was powered by a Thiokol SR49-TC-1 solid-fuel rocket engine of 162 kN (36,000 lbf) thrust, sufficient to accelerate the rocket to Mach 3.3 during its two-second burn. Total flight time was about 12 seconds, during which time the rocket covered 10 km (6.2 mi). Targeting, arming, and firing of the weapon were coordinated by the launch aircraft's fire-control system. Detonation was by time-delay fuze, although the fuzing mechanism would not arm the warhead until engine burn-out, to give the launch aircraft sufficient time to turn and escape. However, there was no mechanism for disarming the warhead after launch. Lethal radius of the blast was estimated to be about 300 meters (980 ft). Once fired, the Genie's short flight-time and large blast radius made it virtually impossible for a bomber to avoid destruction. The rocket entered service with the designation MB-1 Genie in 1957.
During the development phase the first carrier aircraft earmarked to carry the AIR-2 was the Northrop F-89 Scorpion, which had already been introduced in the early Fifties. While being an all-weather interceptor with on-board radar, it was a slow and large aircraft, and outdated like the F-94. Trying to keep the F-84 production lines busy, however, Republic saw the chance to design an all-weather interceptor aircraft that would surpass the F-89’s mediocre performance and meet the AIR-2 carrier requirements on the basis of the swept-wing (R)F-84F. To emphasize its dedicated interceptor role and set it apart from its fighter-bomber ancestors, the heavily modified aircraft was designated F-96B (even though it had little to do with the XF-96A that became the F-84F) and called ‘Thunderguard’.
The F-96B was largely based on the RF-84F’s airframe with its wing-root air intakes, what offered ample space in the aircraft’s nose for a radar system and other equipment. The radar was coupled with a state-of-the-art Hughes MC-10 fire control system. To relieve the pilot from operating the radar system one of the fuel cells behind the cockpit was deleted and a second crew member was placed behind him under an extended, strutless hood that opened to starboard. To compensate for the loss of fuel and maintain the F-84F’s range, a new tank was mounted under the cockpit floor in the aircraft’s center of gravity.
To improve performance and cope with the raised take-off weight, the F-96B was powered by an uprated Wright J65-W-18 turbojet, which generated 0.4 kN more dry thrust than the F-84F’s original J65-W-3 (7,700 lbf/34 kN). This was not too much, though, so that the J65 was additionally outfitted with an afterburner. With this upgrade the powerplant provided a maximum thrust of 10,500 lbf (47 kN), what resulted in a markedly improved rate of climb and the ability to break the sound barrier in level flight. The additional reheat section necessitated a wider and longer rear fuselage, which had to be redesigned. As an unintended side benefit, this new tail section reduced overall drag due to a slightly area-ruled coke-bottle shape behind the wings’ trailing edge, which was even emphasized through the ventral brake parachute fairing.
Armament consisted only of missiles, which were all carried externally on wing stations, all guns of the former F-84 versions were deleted to save weight. The F-96B’s weapons range included GAR-1/2/3/4 (Later re-designated as AIM-4) radar- and IR-guided Falcon air-to-air missiles and a pair of MB-1 Genie missiles. Up to four pods with nineteen unguided 2.75 in (70 mm) "Mighty Mouse" Mk 4/Mk 40 Folding-Fin Aerial Rockets each were an alternative, too, and a pair of drop tanks were typically carried under the inner wings to provide the aircraft with sufficient range, since the new afterburner significantly increased fuel consumption.
Even though it was only a derivative design, the F-96B introduced a lot of innovations. One of these was the use of a diverertless supersonic inlet (DSI), a novel type of jet engine air intake to control air flow into their engines. Initial research into the DSI was done by Antonio Ferri in the 1950s. It consisted of a "bump" and a forward-swept inlet cowl, which worked together to divert boundary layer airflow away from the aircraft's engine. In the case of the F-96B this was realized as an inward-turning inlet with a variable contraction ratio. However, even though they had not been deemed necessary to guarantee a clean airflow, the F-96B’s air intakes were further modified with splitter plates to adapt them to the expected higher flight speeds and direct the air flow. The initial flight tests had also revealed a directional instability at high speed, due to the longer nose, so that the tail surfaces (both fin and stabilizers) were enlarged for the serial aircraft to compensate.
Another novel feature was an IRST sensor in front of the windscreen which augmented the on-board radar. This sensor, developed by Hughes International and designated ‘X-1’, was still very experimental, though, highly unreliable, and difficult to handle, because it relied on pressurized coolant to keep the sensor cold enough to operate properly, and dosing it at a consistent level proved to be difficult (if not impossible). On the other side the IRST allowed to track targets even in a massively radar-jammed environment. The 7” diameter silicone sensor was, together with the on-board radar, slaved to the fire control system so that its input could be used to lock guided missiles onto targets, primarily the GAR-1 and GAR-2 AAMs. The X-1 had a field of view of 70×140°, with an angular resolution of 1°, and operated in 2.5 micron wavelength range. When it worked properly the sensor was able to detect a B-47-sized aircraft’s tails aspect from 25 nm (29 ml/46 km) and a target of similar size from directly ahead from 10 nm (12 ml/19 km). Later, better developed versions of Hughes IRST, like the X-3 that was retrofitted to the F-101B in the early Sixties, had a better range and were more reliable.
During the Thunderguard’s development another competitor entered the stage, the F-101B Voodoo. In the late 1940s, the Air Force had already started a research project into the future interceptor aircraft that eventually settled on an advanced specification known as the 1954 interceptor. Contracts for this specification eventually resulted in the selection of the F-102 Delta Dagger, but by 1952 it was becoming clear that none of the parts of the specification other than the airframe would be ready by 1954; the engines, weapons, and fire control systems were all going to take too long to get into service. An effort was then started to quickly produce an interim supersonic design to replace the various subsonic interceptors then in service, and the F-101 airframe was selected as a starting point. Although McDonnell proposed the designation F-109 for the new aircraft (which was to be a substantial departure from the basic Voodoo fighter bomber), the USAF assigned the designation F-101B. Its development was protracted, so that the F-96B – even though it offered less performance – was ordered into production to fill the USAF’s urgent interceptor gap.
F-96B production started after a brief test phase in late 1957, and the first aircraft were delivered to the 60th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron in 1958. However, when it became clear that the F-101B would finally enter service in 1959, F-96B production was quickly cut down and the initial order of 300 aircraft reduced to only 150, which were produced until early 1960 in three batches. Only sixty were directly delivered to ADC units, because these were preferably equipped with the supersonic F-102A and the new F-101B, which could also carry the nuclear Genie missile. The rest was directly handed over to Air National Guard units – and even there they were quickly joined and replaced by the early ADC aircraft.
Operationally, almost all F-96Bs functioned under the US–Canadian North American Air Defense Command (NORAD), which protected North American airspace from Soviet intruders, particularly the threat posed by nuclear-armed bombers. In service, the F-96Bs were soon upgraded with a data link to the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) system, allowing ground controllers to steer the aircraft towards its targets by making adjustments through the plane's autopilot. Furthermore, the F-96B was upgraded to allow the carrying of two GAR-11/AIM-26 Nuclear Falcon missiles instead of the Genies when they became available in 1961.
A handful F-96Bs were camouflaged during the late Sixties with the USAF’s new SEA scheme, but most aircraft retained their original bare metal finish with more or less colorful unit markings. Due to its limited capabilities and the introduction of the Mach 2 McDonnell F-4 Phantom, the last F-96B was retired from ANG service in 1971.
General characteristics:
Crew: 2
Length: 54t 11 1/2 in (16,77 m) incl. pitot
Wingspan: 33 ft 7.25 in (10,25 m)
Height: 16 ft 9 in (5,11 m)
Wing area: 350 sq ft (37,55 m²)
Empty weight: 13,810 lb (6.264 kg)
Gross weight: 21,035 lb (9.541 kg)
Max takeoff weight: 28,000 lb (12.701 kg)
Powerplant:
1× Wright J65-W-18 turbojet with 8,600 lbf (34 kN) dry thrust and 10,500 lbf (47 kN) with afterburner
Performance:
Maximum speed: 695 mph (1,119 km/h, 604 kn, Mach 1.1) at 35,000 ft (10,668 m)
Cruise speed: 577 mph (928 km/h, 501 kn)
Range: 810 mi (1,304 km, 704 nmi) combat radius with two droptanks
Service ceiling: 49,000 ft (15,000 m)
Rate of climb: 16,300 ft/min (83 m/s)
Wing loading: 86 lb/sq ft (423 kg/m²)
Armament:
No internal guns;
6× underwing hardpoints for a total ordnance load of up to 6,000lb (2,727 kg), including
a pair of 191.5 US gal (727 l) or 375 US gal (1.429 l) drop tanks on the inner stations
and a mix of AIM-4 Falcon (up to six), MB-1 Genie (up to two) and/or pods with
nineteen 2.75”/70 mm FFAR unguided missiles each (up to four) on the outer stations
The kit and its assembly:
This fictional missing link between the RF-84F and the F-105 was conceived for the Fifties Group Build at whatifmodellers.com, an era when the USAF used a wide variety of interceptor aircraft types and technical advancements were quick and significant – in just a decade the interceptor evolved from a subsonic machine gun-toting aircraft to a guided weapons carrier platform, capable of Mach 2.
The F-96B (I re-used Republic’s dropped designation for the swept-wing F-84F) was to display one of the many “in between” designs, and the (R)F-84F was just a suitable basis for a conversion similar to the T-33-derived F-94, just more capable and big enough to carry the nuclear Genie missile.
The basis became Italeri’s vintage RF-84F kit, a rather simple affair with raised panel lines and a mediocre fit, plus some sinkholes. This was, however, heavily modified!
Work started with the implantation of a new tandem cockpit, taken wholesale from a Heller T-33. Fitting the cockpit tub into the wider Thunderflash hull was a bit tricky, putty blobs held the implant in place. The canopy was taken from the T-33, too, just the RF-84F’s original rear side windows were cut away to offer sufficient length for the longer clear part and the cockpit side walls had to be raised to an even level with the smaller windscreen with the help of styrene strips. With these adapters the T-33 canopy fitted surprisingly well over the opening and blended well into the spine.
The camera nose section lost its tip, which was replaced with the tail cone from a Matchbox H.S. Buccaneer (actually its air brake), and the camera windows as well as the slant surfaces that held them were PSRed away for a conical shape that extended the new pointed radome. Lots of weight in the nose and under the cockpit floor ensured a safe stance on the OOB landing gear.
The rear section behind the air brakes became all-new; for an afterburner I extended and widened the tail section and implanted the rear part from a B-66 (Italeri kit, too) engine nacelle, which received a wider nozzle (left over from a Nakotne MiG-29, a featureless thing) and an interior.
To balance the longer nose I also decided to enlarge the tail surfaces and replaced the OOB fin and stabilizers with leftover parts from a Trumpeter Il-28 bomber – the fin was shortened and the stabilizers reduced in span to match the rest of the aircraft. Despite the exotic source the parts blend well into the F-84’s overall design!
To add supersonic credibility and to connect the design further with the later F-105 I modified the air intakes and cut them into a raked shape – quite easy to realize. Once the wings were in place, I also added small splitter plates, left over from an Airfix BAC Strikemaster.
As an interceptor the armament had to be adapted accordingly, and I procured the quartet of IR-guided Falcons as well as the Genie duo from an Academy F-89. The large drop tanks were taken OOB from the Italeri kit. The Genies were mounted onto their massive Scorpion pylons under the outer wings of the F-96B, while the Falcons, due to relatively little space left under the wings, required a scratched solution. I eventually settled for dual launchers on small pylons, mounted in front of the landing gear wells. The pylons originally belong to an ESCI Ka-34 “Hokum” helicopter kit (they were just short enough!), the launch rails are a halved pair of F-4 Sidewinder rails from a Hasegawa air-to-air weapons set. With everything on place the F-96B looks quite crowded.
Painting and markings:
The machine would represent a late Fifties USAF type, so that the paint options were rather limited if I wanted to be authentic. ADC Grey was introduced in the early Sixties, SEA camouflage even later, so that bare metal became a natural choice – but this can be quite attractive! The model received an overall coat with acrylic “White Aluminum” from the rattle can, plus some darked panels all over the hull (Humbrol 56 for good contrast) and an afterburner section in Revell 91 (Iron Metallic) and Humbrol’s Steel Metallizer. The radome became deep black, the anti-glare panel in front of the windscreen olive drab (Revell 46). Light grey (Revell 75) was used for some small di-electric fairings.
Interior surfaces (cockpit and landing gear wells) were painted with Zinc Chromate primer (I used Humbrol 80), while the landing gear struts became silver-grey (Humbrol 56) and the inside of the covers as well as the air brakes were painted in bright red (Humbrol 19).
Once basic painting was done the model received a black ink washing and was rubbed with grinded graphite to emphasize the raised panel lines, and the material adds a nice dark metallic shine to the silver base coat.
Another challenge was to find suitable unit markings for the Fifties era in the decal vault, which would also fit onto the model. After a long search I eventually settled for rather simple markings from a 325th FIS F-102 from an Xtradecal sheet, which only features a rather timid fin decoration.
Finding other suitable standard markings remained demanding, though. Stars-And-Bars as well as the USAF taglines were taken from the Academy F-89 that also provided the ordnance, most stencils were taken from the OOB Italeri sheet and complemented by small markings from the scrap box. The biggest problem was the creation of a matching serial number. The “FF” code was originally used for P/F-51D Mustangs during the Korea War, but after the type had been phased out it might have been re-used? The letters as well as the serial number digits were created from various markings for USAF F-100s, also from an Xtradecal sheet.
Once the decals had been applied the model was sealed with semi-gloss acrylic varnish, except for the radome, the anti-glare panel as well as the walking areas on the wings as well as parts of the afterburner section, which were coated with matt varnish.
A rather straightforward conversion, even though finishing the project took longer than expected. But the result looks surprisingly natural and plausible. Lots of PSR was needed to modify the fuselage, though, especially the tail section was not easy to integrate into the Thunderflash’s hull. Sticking to the simple NMF livery paid IMHO out, too: the livery looks very natural and believable on the fictional aircraft, and it suits the F-84’s bulbous shape well.
Video was at its infancy still in the late 80's and this standard 8mm tape is testament to how things have moved on. It is, however, a piece of history and one of only two short segments I have of this unique working, with triple tractors the norm. Ravenscraig was a steelworks near Motherwell with an huge appetite for coal. The gradients meant that three 37s were used to take the loaded wagons the short distance from Mossend yard. The coal usually arrived in the yard with two tractors, a third was attached and off they would go. This clip was taken on the 22nd August 1990 and consisted of 37026, 37040 and 37077. Its interesting to watch just for the thrash, although as you will see, I was nearly bowled.
Little did I know that 22 years later, I would work nearby and regularly drove through and visited various parts of the old steelworks. No trace of the works now. Its all landscaped and a great deal has been built upon. What was clear is just how big the works were. The site left was enormous.
"In Sacred memory of Frances, born of the illustrious and ancestral family of the lords of Berkeley, daughter of the most honourable Henry , Baron Berkeley and his wife Catherine sister of Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk, and most dear wife of George Shirley of Staunton, knight, to whom she bore 4 sons, two of whom were summoned to their heavenly home in infancy, and one daughter. She was lady of the highest chastity, modesty, integrity, faith in God and love for her husband, and splendidly equipped with the glory of all other virtues worthy of such a family. Piously and calmly she ended this mortal life in childbirth and was called to the company of the immortals on the 29th of December in the year of our Lord 1595 aged 31 years.
For her husband and her children she left behind a most greavous sense of loss.
George Shirley, grieving and sorrowing, has set up this monument and ordained that with her, to whom when living he was united in wedlock in the hope of children, he be invited to her tomb in death, together in the hope of the resurrection at the last day.
Death which untimely tore thee from my bed and robbed my home
Shall one day give me back with thee to wed in this thy tomb "
George Shirley 1622 and 1st wife Frances Berkeley 1598 who died in childbirth
George kneels with his 2 sons, in front of wife Frances and daughter Mary with 2 infants in cradles. Underneath lies a skeleton, a reminder of what they will become
Frances was the daughter of Henry 7th Baron Berkeley and Katherine www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/9496809132/ 3rd daughter of Henry Howard (the 'Poet Earl'), Earl of Surrey ex 1547 and Frances www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/9493951767/ daughter of John de Vere 15th Earl of Oxford and Elizabeth Trussell. www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/14513115062/
George was the son of John Shirley 1570 www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/sKgCZz of Staunton Harald and Jane heiress daughter of Thomas Lovett 1572 www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/5356352947/ of Astwell by Elizabeth Fermor of Easton Neston
He was the grandson of Francis Shirley 1571 & Dorothy Giffard www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/1G500z
Francis Shirley had bought the former priory lands here from the Crown in 1539
Both his father and Shirley grandfather having already died, at the age of 13 after the death of his other grandfather Thomas Lovett , his custody, wardship and marriage were given by the Queen to Henry McWilliam & wife Lady Cheke
He studied at Harford College Oxford before "presenting his services at Court"
George & Frances married 22nd February 1586 at Callowden, near Coventry
Children
1. George b/d 1587 died an infant
2. Henry 1588-1634 m Dorothy daughter of Robert Devereux 2nd Earl of Essex and Frances Walsingham
3. Thomas 1594-1654 described as an antiquarian
4. John died an infant
1. Mary 1595-1630
Frances was "struck with a deadly disease lying in childbed and seeing herself on her deathbed, she sent for a famous and holy priest whom she had honoured for his learning, innocensy and sanctity of life, to assist her with his prayers at her last hours. She gave her blessing to her children, took her leave and gave her last farewell to her husband recommending unto him her surviving three little children, most earnestly praying and desiring that he would have a care that they might be instructed and brought up in the fear of God and the true Catholick religion,and having made a general confession of her whole life, she received with great fervour and devotion the blessed sacrament, and by divers miracles she was visited by the heavenly courtiers St Peter, St John & St Thomas of Canterbury on whose day she died ...... "
George m2 Dorothy www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/2401560660/ daughter of Sir Thomas Wroughton of Broadhinton Wilts by Anne flic.kr/p/j5QVHF co-heiress of John Barwick of Wilcot.: Dorothy was the widow of Henry Unton
According to son Thomas, Sir George "had spent 3 whole years in mourning and solitary widowhood", before
"following his sute verie hard, but doth nowe meane to desist without shee will be brought to qualifie the conditions of her obigations "
Dorothy's "pre nup" on her marriage to George shows she wasn't taking any chances. -
" First she doth require to reserve her own living entire to herself, to bestow the commodities of it to her own pleasure, without any controls; secondly, she doth demand a £1000 yearly jointure; third, £500 land to be tyed upon her son, if by any good means there may be one gotten; fourthly, if it so fall that her husband and she should fall out, she doth require £500 a year out of his living, and to live apart from him with that added to her living of Faringdon".
George was created a baronet in 1611 having loaned King James £50 the highest sum in the county
George was suspected of being a Catholic, although mindful of the fines imposed, he outwardly conformed to the church of England.. (If a Papists refused to come to church on Sunday, they were liable to a penalty of 20 pounds for every lunar month during which they absented themselves). He was placed on the list of suspected Papists in Northamptonshire. All his armour and weapons were removed from Astwell House in his absence overseas in 1618 on the plea that his servants were recusants. Lord Exeter, then Lord Lieutenant, thereupon wrote to the Privy Council on his behalf that "he had always been loyal and forward in service and declared himself no recusant". Three years later his arms were restored to him. A letter to Dr. Lambe, Chancellor of the Diocese of Peterborourgh, from four of the local clergy, suggests that they thought very strongly that his attendance at their services was more than a mere formality. He was perhaps one of those who had "true unity, which is most glorious."
"May it please you, Sir, Whereas we whose names are hereunder written are intreated by Sir George Shirley of Astwell in your Countie of Northampton Baronet, to certifie our knowledge to your worship of his conformities in coming to the church and hearing devine service and sermons there, upon Sundays and Holldayes, according to the lawe in that case; we do hereby certifie you that the said Sir George Shirley (being an old gent. and his house farr from the parish churche) and having an auntient privileged chappell in his house, hathe, according to the booke of Common prayer, service red in the same chappell by Mr. Jones. a Batchelor in Divinitie and Chaplen in his house, who hathe of him a yearely stipend for reading prayer and preaching there, to which service and sermons himselfe, his Ladie and his familie doe come verie orderly, and we doe further certifie your worship that we ourselves doe verifie often every yeare in the absence of his said chaplen, or when we are thereunto entreated by the said Sir George Shirley, come thither and read service and preache in his his said chappell to him, his Ladie and his familie; and this with remembrance of our humble dutie we committ you to God, and rest.
However in the words of his son, Thomas, George died on 27th of April 1622, aged 63, "in the bosom of his mother, the Roman Catholick Church". "His piety was so remarkable in his large and bountiful alms, that he merited the glorious title of father and nourisher of the poor, relieving during the great dearth, 500 a day at his gates"
The monument was put up in 1598 after 1st wife Frances died. In 1596 he contracted with Garrett and Jasper Hollemans to put up a monument at Wappenham, Northamptonshire where her father was buried, but he evidently changed his mind about the location and had it erected at Breedon instead. .
The Shirley family bought the manor after it was surrendered to the Crown in 1539
books.google.co.uk/books?id=_vQRAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA81&...
www.shirleyassociation.com/NewShirleySite/NonMembers/Engl...
- Church of St Mary & St Hardulph, Breedon on the Hill, Leicestershire
"In Sacred memory of Frances, born of the illustrious and ancestral family of the lords of Berkeley, daughter of the most honourable Henry , Baron Berkeley and his wife Catherine sister of Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk, and most dear wife of George Shirley of Staunton, knight, to whom she bore 4 sons, two of whom were summoned to their heavenly home in infancy, and one daughter. She was lady of the highest chastity, modesty, integrity, faith in God and love for her husband, and splendidly equipped with the glory of all other virtues worthy of such a family. Piously and calmly she ended this mortal life in childbirth and was called to the company of the immortals on the 29th of December in the year of our Lord 1595 aged 31 years.
For her husband and her children she left behind a most greavous sense of loss.
George Shirley, grieving and sorrowing, has set up this monument and ordained that with her, to whom when living he was united in wedlock in the hope of children, he be invited to her tomb in death, together in the hope of the resurrection at the last day.
Death which untimely tore thee from my bed and robbed my home
Shall one day give me back with thee to wed in this thy tomb "
George Shirley 1622 and 1st wife Frances Berkeley 1598 who died in childbirth
George kneels with his 2 sons, in front of wife Frances and daughter Mary with 2 infants in cradles. Underneath lies a skeleton, a reminder of what they will become
Frances was the daughter of Henry 7th Baron Berkeley and Katherine www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/9496809132/ 3rd daughter of Henry Howard (the 'Poet Earl'), Earl of Surrey ex 1547 and Frances www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/9493951767/ daughter of John de Vere 15th Earl of Oxford and Elizabeth Trussell. www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/14513115062/
George was the son of John Shirley 1570 www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/sKgCZz of Staunton Harald and Jane heiress daughter of Thomas Lovett 1572 www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/5356352947/ of Astwell by Elizabeth Fermor of Easton Neston
He was the grandson of Francis Shirley 1571 & Dorothy Giffard www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/1G500z
Francis Shirley had bought the former priory lands here from the Crown in 1539
Both his father and Shirley grandfather having already died, at the age of 13 after the death of his other grandfather Thomas Lovett , his custody, wardship and marriage were given by the Queen to Henry McWilliam & wife Lady Cheke
He studied at Harford College Oxford before "presenting his services at Court"
George & Frances married 22nd February 1586 at Callowden, near Coventry
Children
1. George b/d 1587 died an infant
2. Henry 1588-1634 m Dorothy daughter of Robert Devereux 2nd Earl of Essex and Frances Walsingham
3. Thomas 1594-1654 described as an antiquarian
4. John died an infant
1. Mary 1595-1630
Frances was "struck with a deadly disease lying in childbed and seeing herself on her deathbed, she sent for a famous and holy priest whom she had honoured for his learning, innocensy and sanctity of life, to assist her with his prayers at her last hours. She gave her blessing to her children, took her leave and gave her last farewell to her husband recommending unto him her surviving three little children, most earnestly praying and desiring that he would have a care that they might be instructed and brought up in the fear of God and the true Catholick religion,and having made a general confession of her whole life, she received with great fervour and devotion the blessed sacrament, and by divers miracles she was visited by the heavenly courtiers St Peter, St John & St Thomas of Canterbury on whose day she died ...... "
George m2 Dorothy www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/2401560660/ daughter of Sir Thomas Wroughton of Broadhinton Wilts by Anne flic.kr/p/j5QVHF co-heiress of John Barwick of Wilcot.: Dorothy was the widow of Henry Unton
According to son Thomas, Sir George "had spent 3 whole years in mourning and solitary widowhood", before
"following his sute verie hard, but doth nowe meane to desist without shee will be brought to qualifie the conditions of her obigations "
Dorothy's "pre nup" on her marriage to George shows she wasn't taking any chances. -
" First she doth require to reserve her own living entire to herself, to bestow the commodities of it to her own pleasure, without any controls; secondly, she doth demand a £1000 yearly jointure; third, £500 land to be tyed upon her son, if by any good means there may be one gotten; fourthly, if it so fall that her husband and she should fall out, she doth require £500 a year out of his living, and to live apart from him with that added to her living of Faringdon".
George was created a baronet in 1611 having loaned King James £50 the highest sum in the county
George was suspected of being a Catholic, although mindful of the fines imposed, he outwardly conformed to the church of England.. (If a Papists refused to come to church on Sunday, they were liable to a penalty of 20 pounds for every lunar month during which they absented themselves). He was placed on the list of suspected Papists in Northamptonshire. All his armour and weapons were removed from Astwell House in his absence overseas in 1618 on the plea that his servants were recusants. Lord Exeter, then Lord Lieutenant, thereupon wrote to the Privy Council on his behalf that "he had always been loyal and forward in service and declared himself no recusant". Three years later his arms were restored to him. A letter to Dr. Lambe, Chancellor of the Diocese of Peterborourgh, from four of the local clergy, suggests that they thought very strongly that his attendance at their services was more than a mere formality. He was perhaps one of those who had "true unity, which is most glorious."
"May it please you, Sir, Whereas we whose names are hereunder written are intreated by Sir George Shirley of Astwell in your Countie of Northampton Baronet, to certifie our knowledge to your worship of his conformities in coming to the church and hearing devine service and sermons there, upon Sundays and Holldayes, according to the lawe in that case; we do hereby certifie you that the said Sir George Shirley (being an old gent. and his house farr from the parish churche) and having an auntient privileged chappell in his house, hathe, according to the booke of Common prayer, service red in the same chappell by Mr. Jones. a Batchelor in Divinitie and Chaplen in his house, who hathe of him a yearely stipend for reading prayer and preaching there, to which service and sermons himselfe, his Ladie and his familie doe come verie orderly, and we doe further certifie your worship that we ourselves doe verifie often every yeare in the absence of his said chaplen, or when we are thereunto entreated by the said Sir George Shirley, come thither and read service and preache in his his said chappell to him, his Ladie and his familie; and this with remembrance of our humble dutie we committ you to God, and rest.
However in the words of his son, Thomas, George died on 27th of April 1622, aged 63, "in the bosom of his mother, the Roman Catholick Church". "His piety was so remarkable in his large and bountiful alms, that he merited the glorious title of father and nourisher of the poor, relieving during the great dearth, 500 a day at his gates"
The monument was put up in 1598 after 1st wife Frances died. In 1596 he contracted with Garrett and Jasper Hollemans to put up a monument at Wappenham, Northamptonshire where her father was buried, but he evidently changed his mind about the location and had it erected at Breedon instead. .
The Shirley family bought the manor after it was surrendered to the Crown in 1539
books.google.co.uk/books?id=_vQRAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA81&...
www.shirleyassociation.com/NewShirleySite/NonMembers/Engl...
- Church of St Mary & St Hardulph, Breedon on the Hill, Leicestershire
This stone reads: At rest
Elizabeth R., wife of Samuel C. Stauffer.
Born Sept 3, 1863.
Died August 19, 1899.
John
Born August 13, 1899
Died in Infancy
There are no further details as to why John or his mother Elizabeth died. There aren't even details as to when exactly John died - simply 'in infancy,' which probably means within a day or two of being born.
Elizabeth was only 35 when she died, and there's no record of what her husband Samuel did following her death.
There is a Margaret and William Stauffer buried nearby. Margaret died a few years before, while William lived on until the 1920s. If Samuel remained in the area, he was not buried here.
.
.
.
'Garland is the Fear'
Camera: Exakta Verex VX (c1951)
Lens: Isco-Gottingen 1.9/50mm
Film: Kodak Vericolor III; x-01/1999
Process: DIY ECN-2; Bleach Bypass
Lincoln County, Washington
Thomas Ripley died September 1st 1906 aged 65 yrs.
His wife Jane died January 23rd 1910 aged 69 years.
Their two sons Thomas & John William died in infancy
"In Sacred memory of Frances, born of the illustrious and ancestral family of the lords of Berkeley, daughter of the most honourable Henry , Baron Berkeley and his wife Catherine sister of Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk, and most dear wife of George Shirley of Staunton, knight, to whom she bore 4 sons, two of whom were summoned to their heavenly home in infancy, and one daughter. She was lady of the highest chastity, modesty, integrity, faith in God and love for her husband, and splendidly equipped with the glory of all other virtues worthy of such a family. Piously and calmly she ended this mortal life in childbirth and was called to the company of the immortals on the 29th of December in the year of our Lord 1595 aged 31 years.
For her husband and her children she left behind a most greavous sense of loss.
George Shirley, grieving and sorrowing, has set up this monument and ordained that with her, to whom when living he was united in wedlock in the hope of children, he be invited to her tomb in death, together in the hope of the resurrection at the last day.
Death which untimely tore thee from my bed and robbed my home
Shall one day give me back with thee to wed in this thy tomb "
George Shirley 1622 and 1st wife Frances Berkeley 1598 who died in childbirth
George kneels with his 2 sons, in front of wife Frances and daughter Mary with 2 infants in cradles. Underneath lies a skeleton, a reminder of what they will become
Frances was the daughter of Henry 7th Baron Berkeley and Katherine www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/9496809132/ 3rd daughter of Henry Howard (the 'Poet Earl'), Earl of Surrey ex 1547 and Frances www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/9493951767/ daughter of John de Vere 15th Earl of Oxford and Elizabeth Trussell. www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/14513115062/
George was the son of John Shirley 1570 www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/sKgCZz of Staunton Harald and Jane heiress daughter of Thomas Lovett 1572 www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/5356352947/ of Astwell by Elizabeth Fermor of Easton Neston
He was the grandson of Francis Shirley 1571 & Dorothy Giffard www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/1G500z
Francis Shirley had bought the former priory lands here from the Crown in 1539
Both his father and Shirley grandfather having already died, at the age of 13 after the death of his other grandfather Thomas Lovett , his custody, wardship and marriage were given by the Queen to Henry McWilliam & wife Lady Cheke
He studied at Harford College Oxford before "presenting his services at Court"
George & Frances married 22nd February 1586 at Callowden, near Coventry
Children
1. George b/d 1587 died an infant
2. Henry 1588-1634 m Dorothy daughter of Robert Devereux 2nd Earl of Essex and Frances Walsingham
3. Thomas 1594-1654 described as an antiquarian
4. John died an infant
1. Mary 1595-1630
Frances was "struck with a deadly disease lying in childbed and seeing herself on her deathbed, she sent for a famous and holy priest whom she had honoured for his learning, innocensy and sanctity of life, to assist her with his prayers at her last hours. She gave her blessing to her children, took her leave and gave her last farewell to her husband recommending unto him her surviving three little children, most earnestly praying and desiring that he would have a care that they might be instructed and brought up in the fear of God and the true Catholick religion,and having made a general confession of her whole life, she received with great fervour and devotion the blessed sacrament, and by divers miracles she was visited by the heavenly courtiers St Peter, St John & St Thomas of Canterbury on whose day she died ...... "
George m2 Dorothy www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/2401560660/ daughter of Sir Thomas Wroughton of Broadhinton Wilts by Anne flic.kr/p/j5QVHF co-heiress of John Barwick of Wilcot.: Dorothy was the widow of Henry Unton
According to son Thomas, Sir George "had spent 3 whole years in mourning and solitary widowhood", before
"following his sute verie hard, but doth nowe meane to desist without shee will be brought to qualifie the conditions of her obigations "
Dorothy's "pre nup" on her marriage to George shows she wasn't taking any chances. -
" First she doth require to reserve her own living entire to herself, to bestow the commodities of it to her own pleasure, without any controls; secondly, she doth demand a £1000 yearly jointure; third, £500 land to be tyed upon her son, if by any good means there may be one gotten; fourthly, if it so fall that her husband and she should fall out, she doth require £500 a year out of his living, and to live apart from him with that added to her living of Faringdon".
George was created a baronet in 1611 having loaned King James £50 the highest sum in the county
George was suspected of being a Catholic, although mindful of the fines imposed, he outwardly conformed to the church of England.. (If a Papists refused to come to church on Sunday, they were liable to a penalty of 20 pounds for every lunar month during which they absented themselves). He was placed on the list of suspected Papists in Northamptonshire. All his armour and weapons were removed from Astwell House in his absence overseas in 1618 on the plea that his servants were recusants. Lord Exeter, then Lord Lieutenant, thereupon wrote to the Privy Council on his behalf that "he had always been loyal and forward in service and declared himself no recusant". Three years later his arms were restored to him. A letter to Dr. Lambe, Chancellor of the Diocese of Peterborourgh, from four of the local clergy, suggests that they thought very strongly that his attendance at their services was more than a mere formality. He was perhaps one of those who had "true unity, which is most glorious."
"May it please you, Sir, Whereas we whose names are hereunder written are intreated by Sir George Shirley of Astwell in your Countie of Northampton Baronet, to certifie our knowledge to your worship of his conformities in coming to the church and hearing devine service and sermons there, upon Sundays and Holldayes, according to the lawe in that case; we do hereby certifie you that the said Sir George Shirley (being an old gent. and his house farr from the parish churche) and having an auntient privileged chappell in his house, hathe, according to the booke of Common prayer, service red in the same chappell by Mr. Jones. a Batchelor in Divinitie and Chaplen in his house, who hathe of him a yearely stipend for reading prayer and preaching there, to which service and sermons himselfe, his Ladie and his familie doe come verie orderly, and we doe further certifie your worship that we ourselves doe verifie often every yeare in the absence of his said chaplen, or when we are thereunto entreated by the said Sir George Shirley, come thither and read service and preache in his his said chappell to him, his Ladie and his familie; and this with remembrance of our humble dutie we committ you to God, and rest.
However in the words of his son, Thomas, George died on 27th of April 1622, aged 63, "in the bosom of his mother, the Roman Catholick Church". "His piety was so remarkable in his large and bountiful alms, that he merited the glorious title of father and nourisher of the poor, relieving during the great dearth, 500 a day at his gates"
The monument was put up in 1598 after 1st wife Frances died. In 1596 he contracted with Garrett and Jasper Hollemans to put up a monument at Wappenham, Northamptonshire where her father was buried, but he evidently changed his mind about the location and had it erected at Breedon instead. .
The Shirley family bought the manor after it was surrendered to the Crown in 1539
books.google.co.uk/books?id=_vQRAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA81&...
www.shirleyassociation.com/NewShirleySite/NonMembers/Engl...
- Church of St Mary & St Hardulph, Breedon on the Hill, Leicestershire
These are figures from two Toho Tokusatsu movies: The hand – “Frankenstein versus Subterranean Monster Baragon” - フランケンシュタイン対地底怪獣バラゴ) 1965 and Infancy Sanda from “Sanda vs. Gaira (フランケンシュタインの怪獣 サンダ対ガイラ)” 1966 by Iwakura. Sanda is 2 inches tall.
In 1916, internal combustion power was in its infancy and most railway locomotives were powered by steam. However, the smoke, steam and night-time glow of the fire on a steam loco were a disadvantage near the front line, as they allowed the enemy to identify and attack trains and railway lines. All participants in the Somme therefore used petrol-powered locomotives in forward areas, supported by steam locos to the rear.
The Baldwin locomotive company produced hundreds of petrol ‘locotracteurs’ in 35HP and 50HP variants for the French and American armies; not all made it to the front before the end of the war. The Ffestiniog Railway purchased a 50HP loco in 1925, primarily for hauling light freight and passenger trains. The engine proved unreliable and it was not used as much as the Simplex.
After several modifications in the 1950s and 1960s it emerged with a second-hand Gardner diesel engine and 4-speed gearbox, plus a leading pony truck. This produced a fast and reliable machine which remains a useful member of the FR fleet to this day. It was repainted in grey for the event at Froissy, approximating its original scheme. At present its ‘Moelwyn’ nameplates are not carried. A similar loco in original (non-working) condition is in the museum at Froissy.
Here the Moelwyn emerges from the tunnel above Cappy, working flat out in second gear to drag its train up the gradient.
Serial Number 74
MFR Year 1929
If 5-AT-74 could speak, the stories she could tell of her incredible history. In her infancy from 1929 to 1931, she was one of the first Tri-Motors equipped with twin metal floats, accumulating nearly 250 hours as the Ford Motor Company's factory demonstrator as a seaplane on the Detroit River. Then sold to Pan Am in 1931, she flew scheduled routes out of Miami into Central America.
In 1935, 5-AT-74 moved south of the border and began operations in Mexico City, for Cia Mexicana de Aviacion registered as XA-BCX and later XA-BKS. It came back to Pan American in 1936 and then back to Cia Mexicana de Aviacion. In May 1941, it moved further south to Guatemala operating for Cia Guatemalteca de Aviacion in Guatemala City. 5-AT-74 stayed in Guatemala operating as LG-AFA until 1950.
Recovered by Robert Waltermire in March 1950, 5-AT-74 was returned to the United States and was reconditioned for use as an aerial sprayer fighting a grasshopper plague. At this time Northwest Agricultural Aviation Corp out of Choteau, Montana operated it.
Between 1956 and 1959, 5-AT-74 had a series of owners before finally falling into dereliction and disrepair in Florida. 5-AT-74's salvation came at the hands of John and Katherine Louck of Manmouth, Illinois. When Louck found the aircraft in Florida, it was in less than pristine condition being described as "full of frogs, snakes, bugs, etc." He worked for two weeks cleaning and making the aircraft airworthy to ferry it to Monmouth, Illinois. A myriad of problems caused the trip to take 68 days covering 1700 miles. Louck bought 5-AT-74 with the intention of barnstorming it, and he did! It was reported that in one year 5-AT-74 carried 17,000 passengers, 2800 of which were carried in one five day period at Rockford, Illinois. Louck carried a total of 100,000 passengers in 5-AT-74 while he owned it.
During 1963, it was leased to TWA for a cross-country series of flights starting from Los Angeles, California to Newark, New Jersey. Total time in the air was 27 hours, 48 minutes and total en route was 54 hours, 7 minutes. In February 1965 Louck sold 5-AT-74 to American Airlines in New York City. 5-AT-74 was present at the New York City World's Fair in 1965.
Chuck LeMaster purchased her for barnstorming in the early 1970’s before selling her to Mr. Seibold for “a fairly large amount” in 1977. Shortly afterward repeated its 1965 cross-country trek. This time it made the cross-country flight in company with a Scenic Airlines Twin Otter that was operating as a camera ship. Starting in Long Beach, California it flew to Las Vegas, Nevada. From there 5-AT-74 flew over Lake Mead and Hoover Dam and on to fly the length of the Grand Canyon. 5-AT-74 finished its cross-country trip in 7 days ending at New York's Kennedy Airport. While in New York, 5-AT-74 flew over New York Harbor and past the Twin Towers and the Statue of Liberty. Later it flew on to East Hartford, Connecticut to appear at Pratt and Whitney's 60th anniversary celebration before returning to Las Vegas, Nevada.
During 1983, 5-AT-74 was flown out of the San Fernando Airport by Art Scholl and Bernie Godlove during a brief movie career in which it appeared in the movie "To Be or Not To Be". It's beautiful rainbow was temporarily painted out by dozen's of cans of women's silver hairspray in order for it to represent Hilter's personal German Ju-52. Bernie was the senior (number 1) captain at United Airlines system wide, with over a thousand hours in the Ford. He also headed up a 'type rating' program, as a type rating was required to fly the airplane commercially. Many commercial pilots simply wanted the honor of having "FO-5" (the designator of the Ford Tri-Motor 5AT series) stamped on the back of their licenses. One of those commercial pilots was Bernie's son, Bryan, who is the Captain of the Ford today! Bryan has been at the controls for over twenty years and also has over one thousand hours in the Ford. Bryan's thirteen-year-old son, Kelby, is an up and coming pilot and hopes to someday be the third generation Godlove at the controls of 5-AT-74.
In June 2003, by special invitation, 5-AT-74 participate at the Ford Motor's Company's 100 Year Centennial Anniversary Celebration in Dearborn, Michigan. It joined the EAA's Ford Tri-Motor 4-AT, NC8047, in a special event where the Ford Tri-Motors landed at the original Ford Airport and what was first paved runway in the world (now the FMC Dearborn Proving Grounds) which was the hallowed ground where both airplanes first took flight over seventy fives years ago. A few weeks later 5-AT-74 also participated at Oshkosh Air Venture 2003 flying in a 'Tri-Motor Reunion' with the EAA Ford Tri-Motor, a Bushmaster 2000, a Stinson Tri-Motor and a JU-52.
In September of 2003, 5-AT-74 joined nearly 30 other historic golden age aircraft in the recreation of the National Air Tour from 1932, flying over 4500 miles in 18 days. The National Air Tour 2003 was simply an experience of a lifetime for everyone involved and could easily have volumes written about it. In the mean time, you can read much more at www.nationalairtour.org.
In November 2003, 5-AT-74 returned to Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport at the request of the City of Phoenix to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the first flight in a Ford Tri-Motor from the airport that Grand Canyon Airlines (initially known as Scenic Airways) on November 18, 1928. Guests on board was the honorable Mayor of Phoenix, Skip Rimza.
On September 4, 2004, Grand Canyon Airlines celebrated the 75th birthday of 5-AT-74 by offering rides to the public along with GCA employees, friends, and family members. One of the highlights was being honored with special guest Janie Stanton, the grand-daughter of William B. Stout who designed the Ford 80 years earlier. Janie sat in the right seat on the first flight of the morning, 75 years to the day of 5-AT-74's first flight in Dearborn, Michigan.
Mr. Seibold has begun plans for a Grand Canyon air tour history section in the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Valle (40G) to show his collection of a 1917 Standard J-1, a 1927 Stinson Detroiter SM-1, a 1928 Curtis Robin, a 1929 Travelair 6000A, and of course the 1929 Ford Tri-Motor. He is currently on a quest to acquire at least one of every airplane known to fly air tours for Scenic Airways and Grand Canyon Airlines. The purpose of the display will be to educate the Grand Canyon visitors of the rich aviation history and evolution of the air tour industry of the Grand Canyon. Ironically, the battle continues as the latest round of rules and restrictions from the National Park Service and Federal Aviation Administration have imposed a nearly fatal blow to the air tour operators.
“It’s a travesty,” John Seibold says. “Now after over 80 years of providing millions of visitors the most spectacular and least intrusive way to see the Grand Canyon, our Government and the extreme environmentalists want to remove our service from the list of solutions to preserve and protect it. I truly believe many want to eliminate air tours completely. Our industry has evolved from the early, arguably much noisier and intrusive Tri-Motors to extremely safe and ultra-quiet VISTALINERS, yet we are still punished for what I believe is a user conflict of the Grand Canyon. If he were alive today I wonder what Parker Van Zandt would say if he knew that the industry he began is now in jeopardy of its extinction. The Tri-Motor began a marvelous mode of enjoyment of seeing the Grand Canyon from the air. I want our public to be educated about this issue and understand that the Ford Tri-Motor and Grand Canyon have intertwined histories that should not be forgotten.”
Currently 5-AT-74 is in its home and can be viewed at the Valle Airport (40G) which is located between Williams and Grand Canyon on HWY 64.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSusc0RZegk&feature=share&... Trailer
The Brides were played by: Andree’ Melly as “Gina”and Marie Devereux as the “Village Girl”.
“Baroness Meinster" was played by Martita Hunt and “Marianne Danielle” was Yvonne Monlaur.
“Greta” was played by Freda Jackson :
Best Scene: When the innkeeper’s (“Greta” was played by Freda Jackson) daughter (Marie Devereux) falls prey to the Baron and is buried, she is interred in the churchyard. Van Helsing goes one night to investigate her grave, and finds “Greta” Freda Jackson laying with her ear to the mound, muttering into the freshly turned earth.
“Yes my dear, I know it’s dark. No, I can’t help. You’ve got to push….”
The scene has a really macabre intensity, and the unmistakable allusions to childbirth play out perfectly, with Freda, already established as having nursed the young Baron from infancy, playing the part of an encouraging midwife as the innkeeper’s daughter’s pale hand slowly breaks through the ground and she is ‘born’ as a vampire, emerging at last from her coffin, pale and fanged.
Best Dialogue/Line: Baroness: Who is it that is not afraid?
Van Helsing: Only God has no fear.
Baroness: Why have you come here?
Van Helsing: To find your son.
Baroness Meinster: Then you know who I am?
Van Helsing: I know who you were…
Director Terence Fisher's follow-up to the hit Horror of Dracula was one of only a few Hammer vampire films to not feature Christopher Lee in the lead role. David Peel was instead cast as Baron Meinster, with Peter Cushing returning as Dr. Van Helsing to combat the bloodsucking fiend.
The Brides of Dracula is the first sequel to 'The Horror of Dracula'. This film does not have Christopher Lee, or Dracula for that matter, but is among the most lush of the Hammer films.
Release Date: 1960
Directed By: Terence Fisher
Written By: Jimmy Sangster, Peter Bryan, and Edward Percy
Peter Cushing as Doctor Van Helsing
Martina Hunt as Baroness Meinster
Yvonne Mauler as Marianne Danielle
Freda Jackson as Greta:
David Peel as Baron Meinster
The young and beautiful French schoolteacher Marianne (Yvonne Mauler) is abandoned by her coach driver in an isolated village. When she arrives at an inn seeking shelter, she ignores the warnings of others and goes with Baroness Meinster (Martina Hunt) to stay with her at her castle. There she meets the Baroness’ handsome son, Baron Meinster (David Peel), who has his leg chained to a wall. He tells her that his mother has taken his right to the lands and imprisoned him. She steals the keys and sets him free, and his mother and their servant Greta (Freda Jackon) become terribly upset. The Baroness is bitten and killed by her evil son, who we learn is a vampire. When Greta shows the body to Marianne she runs away and is found by Van Helsing (Peter Cushing). The Baron, now free, turns his mother into a vampire, as well as, a little later, a pretty girl from the village. Meanwhile, Greta has become his human servant. He sets his eyes on making Marianne his as well, and only Van Helsing can stop his reign of evil.
This is the first of Hammer’s sequels to their classic, influential, and hugely successful The Horror of Dracula. Christopher Lee does not return and there is no Dracula, nor is there any mention of him in the movie, aside from the narration at the beginning which
tells that he has many followers. Van Helsing, though, does return making him the most direct link to the aforementioned film.
Fisher finely directs The Brides of Dracula, and it ranks as one of the most lush and sumptuous of all of the Hammer films from the period. The sets are beautiful, as are the costumes worn by the cast. The film is always stunning to look at, a truly lavish production in every sense of the word, despite the surely low budget.
There are some very exciting and memorable moments in The Brides of Dracula, and even before Cushing ever sets into a single frame, there is already a wonderful set-up. One such moment is when the Baroness talks about her son introducing him for the very first time. It’s a great bit of dialogue, and of acting from Hunt, and it really sets up the tone, as well as the characters and story. Another potent, and ultimately creepy, scene comes when the pretty vamp is resurrected while Greta cheers her on. Both the first confrontation between the Baron and Van Helsing and the climax are very thrilling. In fact, the later is one of the finest of any and all of Hammer’s movies. And, the ending is simply awesome and features one of the coolest ways to dispose of a vampire, ever!
Hunt isn’t the only one who gives a great performance, as the whole cast is just excellent. Cushing is his always amazing self, proving yet again that he is the definitive Van Helsing. He remains heroic and classy throughout the movie. Peel makes for a great villain - So good, that any disappointment over Lee not appearing in The Brides of Dracula fade quickly. There are few greater complements that can be paid to a horror star than that. Peel’s Baron is sly, seductive, classy, and outright evil. Mauler makes for a likeable and beautiful heroine in the movie, and in keeping with the Hammer tradition both of the vampire “brides” to the Baron are very sexy and attractive as well.
The wonderful acting in this film is strengthened by great dialogue, and the script is perhaps the best in all of vampire movie history. This is an amazing film that has rightfully taken its place as one of Hammer’s very best films, and well lives up to its legacy. No list of the best of Hammer’s work is complete without including The Brides of Dracula, and no true fan of bloodsucker cinema should miss it.
The Postcard
"... And on the beach you'll see the girls in their bikinis -
As cute as ever but they never get 'em wet… "
- Nat King Cole
A postally unused postcard bearing no publisher's name.
Tessa Prendergast
Marie Therese Prendergast was born in Jamaica in 1928. Her father was a wealthy plantation owner who died while Tessa was in her infancy.
Her mother re-married, and her step-father served as Jamaica's Minister of Finance from 1955 to 1959. He also founded the Bank of Jamaica. Several years after his death, his image appeared on the Jamaican $20 banknote.
With her stunning looks and figure (see above) she began doing bit parts in British films, mostly in 'exotic' roles such as performing the Dance of the Seven Veils in the film 'Song of Paris'.
Tessa became best known, however, for her glamour photos in magazines (e.g. Tit-Bits).
In 1962, the producers of the James Bond film 'Dr. No.' asked Tessa to provide wardrobe for Ursula Andress, the first Bond Girl.
Tessa created the ivory hipster bikini which, daring at the time, created a new trend in women's swimwear. It also made Ursula a star, and became an enduring movie icon.
Tessa died in 2001, and in the same year the Bond bikini sold at Christie's to Robert Earl, owner of Planet Hollywood, for £41,125.
Tit-Bits incidentally closed in 1984.
The Bikini
The bikini was introduced in modern times by French engineer Louis Réard and fashion designer Jacques Heim in Paris in 1946.
Réard was a car engineer, but by 1946 he was running his mother's lingerie business in Paris. Heim was working on a new kind of beach costume.
It comprised two pieces, the lower large enough to cover its wearer's navel.
Bikini Atoll
Réard named his swimsuit the 'bikini', taking the name from Bikini Atoll where the testing of the new atomic bomb was taking place that summer.
The Atoll's inhabitants were forced off the island prior to the testing, and high radiation levels mean that the Atoll remains uninhabited to this day.
The Launch of the Bikini
Réard found that no model was prepared to wear his bikini, so he hired 19-year-old nude dancer Micheline Bernardini to model it at the Molitor swimming pool in Paris for the unveiling in 1946. Micheline received more than 50,000 fan letters after photos of her were published wearing the new style. However there was also criticism from people who thought the bikini was too revealing and sexual.
The bikini first went on sale on the 5th. July 1946, and after a slow start, soon became the most popular beachwear for women across the globe, with the bottom half becoming much smaller than its original size, along with the top half.
Early Roman Bikinis
The bikini's first appearance was long before the 1940's.
Bikini Girls are featured in a mosaic in the Villa Romana del Casale in Sicily, a large agricultural estate that was probably owned by a member of the Roman Senate or, possibly, Emperor Maximian (who was Roman emperor from 286 to 305).
The room is named after the mosaic and is referred to as the Sala delle Dieci Ragazze (“Room of the Ten Maidens”).
Of the ten women depicted in the mosaic, nine wear what look like two-piece bathing suits. The girls in the mosaic are engaged in sports; the “bikinis” are clearly intended as sportswear, not swimwear. The girls in the ancient Roman villa are engaged in a number of activities, such as long jumping with weights in their hands, throwing discus, running, and playing a form of handball.
Contrary to popular belief, women in the Roman Empire participated in sports shows. Upper-class women were granted some personal freedoms in the realms of entertainment and leisure, often frequenting bathhouses, racetracks, theaters, and even gladiator stadia with their husbands.
However, there were some rules. For example, women were not allowed to compete with men. Female public nudity was not welcome. The ancient “bikini” allowed women to exercise comfortably.
The bikini-style bottom was a wrapped loincloth made of cloth or leather. In Ancient Rome, it was called a subligaculum. The top part of the “bikini” worn by these girls consists of a breast band (called a strophium). These breast bands were often made of linen.
They may have been used to flatten big breasts by being wrapped several times round the body, and sometimes they were padded to make them similar to contemporary push-up bras.
ROSE, GEORGE MACLEAN, printer, publisher, temperance advocate, journalist, author, and politician; b. 14 March 1829 in Wick, Scotland, son of Donald Rose and Christian Maclean; m. 23 Sept. 1856 Margaret Catherine Johan Levack Manson in East Oxford Township, Oxford County, Upper Canada, and they had six sons and three daughters who survived infancy; d. 10 Feb. 1898 in Toronto.
George Maclean Rose, like two of his brothers, Henry and Daniel, was trained as a printer, serving a seven-year apprenticeship in the office of the John o’ Groat Journal in Wick. According to George’s son Malcolm Cameron, he had little formal schooling, but continued to educate himself throughout his life. In 1850, at the age of 21, he joined the Northern Ensign, a Reform paper founded that year by John Mackie, formerly editor of the John o’ Groat Journal. Mackie, a temperance advocate and political writer, was to have a lifelong influence on Rose, who as early as the age of 12 had joined the temperance cause. It was with reluctance that Rose left his employ the following year, when his father decided to immigrate with his family to Lower Canada.
In Montreal they joined Henry Rose, who had come to Lower Canada in 1848, and George found work in the office of John C. Becket*, printer of the Montreal Witness and publisher of the Canada Temperance Advocate. Except for a few months spent with the engraver George Matthews, Rose worked for Becket until his father’s death in January 1853 created a need to support his mother and dependent brothers and sisters. In March, Henry and George announced a new printing establishment, H. and G. M. Rose. Here young Daniel Rose completed his apprenticeship.
The Roses had been brought up as Congregationalists, but in Montreal, under the influence of the Reverend John Cordner, they joined the Unitarian Church, and George was to remain a staunch Unitarian throughout his life. The Liberal Christian, a monthly journal edited by Cordner, was published by H. and G. M. Rose in 1854 and 1855, and the brothers sold books of interest to its readers at their printing-office on Great St James Street (Rue Saint-Jacques Ouest). Henry and George were also active in the temperance movement in Montreal: in 1855 they were among the incorporating members of the Lower Canada division of the Sons of Temperance [see Letitia Creighton; Robert Dick*].
Early in 1856 the partnership with Henry was dissolved, and George’s ambitions took him to Upper Canada. After a brief stay in Merrickville, he moved to London, where he was hired to manage the job-printing office of Henry A. Newcombe, publisher of the Evangelical Witness. In September he married Margaret Manson, of nearby Oxford County, whose family he may have known when they lived in Vaudreuil, Lower Canada. Like the Roses, the Mansons were from Caithness: Margaret was a cousin of Oliver Mowat*, who would later become Liberal premier of Ontario. For a short time in 1857 Rose was in partnership with Hamilton Hunter, a Unitarian minister turned journalist and publisher of the London Weekly Atlas. But by November of that year the Atlas had been sold to Marcus Talbot, who also published the London Prototype. Rose worked for Talbot as city editor and reporter until the summer of 1858, when he moved once again, this time to Toronto.
There, he was hired as the foreman of Samuel Thompson*’s printing-office, a position that was to determine his future career. In 1859 Thompson won a five-year contract as printer to the Province of Canada, the first time the contract had been awarded for more than one year at a time, and in the fall of 1859 Rose moved to Quebec, the provincial capital, to set up the new printing-office. At its September meeting the Toronto Typographical Society passed a resolution commending Rose for “his conduct as a printer and foreman” while a member of the society. It praised him for upholding “the principles of our Constitution” and for his “kind and gentlemanly demeanor” toward members of the society under his charge.
In 1860, soon after Thompson took up his appointment in Quebec, he found himself in financial difficulties, a situation he blamed on a general reduction in the number of documents being printed and on the animosity of some legislative officials. At a bailiff’s sale several employees, including Rose, bought enough of Thompson’s assets to keep the printing-office going, and by April 1861 Robert Hunter, his accountant, was the “principal owner of the Printing Office and materials.” On 10 April Hunter wrote to the legislature that he had entered into a subcontract with Thompson to carry out its printing “under the name and designation of Thompson, Hunter & Co.” When later the same year Thompson withdrew completely from the business, Hunter, Rose, and François Lemieux formed a new partnership as Hunter, Rose and Company. They carried out the balance of Thompson’s contract and in 1864 successfully bid on a new five-year contract in their own name. Following the transfer of the government to Ottawa in 1865, the company moved its printing-office to the new capital late that year or early in 1866.
Hunter, Rose thus already had several years’ experience in government printing when in 1868 it was offered the Ontario government contract on the same terms. According to Henry Jervis Hartney, the provincial queen’s printer, who negotiated with them on behalf of the premier, John Sandfield Macdonald*, the partners “hesitated long over this offer.” He was able to persuade them that, although in Ottawa they could not make “a dollar outside the Government,” in Toronto they would be able to build up a good general business. On 11 July 1868 Hunter, Rose signed a ten-year contract with the province of Ontario to do all government printing and binding, including the distribution of the official Ontario Gazette. Hunter took charge of the new Toronto office while Rose remained in Ottawa; in 1871 he too moved to Toronto and the Ottawa office was closed.
In Quebec and Ottawa the company had done some non-governmental printing, but very little original publishing. A notable exception was Henry James Morgan*’s Sketches of celebrated Canadians (Quebec and London, 1862). In Toronto in the early 1870s it began to expand its activities by publishing Canadian editions of such popular British authors as Lord Lytton, William Wilkie Collins, Charles Reade, and Anthony Trollope. Unlike many Toronto publishers who at this time routinely pirated foreign authors, Hunter, Rose compensated its British writers fairly. A surviving letter from Trollope to the firm in 1874 thanks them for a remittance of £19 16s. 7d. and promises that his British publishers will be in touch with them about his latest novel, The way we live now. Hunter, Rose printed the influential Canadian Monthly and National Review from its beginning in 1872 (it was later also published by Rose under the Rose-Belford imprint), and works in the fields of history and literature by Canadian authors, including Alexander Begg, Alexander McLachlan, and Susanna Moodie [Strickland*], appeared in increasing numbers.
The printing contract with the province of Ontario had been based on what seemed fair rates in 1868, but in the early 1870s labour costs in Toronto rose so sharply that in 1873 and subsequently the firm had to petition for increases in the contract prices to be paid for composition, presswork, and binding. When the contract came up for renewal in 1878, the Hunter, Rose tender was one of the highest, reflecting the company’s more realistic idea of the actual labour costs involved, and legislative printing went to Christopher Blackett Robinson and William Warwick. Despite the difficulties over fair compensation for this government work (not settled until an arbitrator was appointed in 1881), the company prospered: in 1875 it was able to build a “large & valuable building” on Wellington Street West that was to house the business during Rose’s lifetime.
Soon after moving to Toronto in 1871, Rose had become the secretary of the First Unitarian Church, a position he was to hold for 20 years. He regularly taught a Bible class on Sunday afternoons and was one of the church’s principal donors. His son Malcolm noted after his father’s death that although he had made money in 40 years as a printer and publisher, he had also “made large losses helping others.” The cause in which he was most active was temperance. In the debate among temperance advocates over the best way to bring an end to the consumption of alcoholic beverages, Rose supported the movement for legislation that would prohibit the liquor traffic entirely. Maria Simpson, in her temperance story “Brother G. M. Rose” (1879), claimed that he “gave more time and money to the Temperance Cause than any other man in Canada.” The portrait of Rose presented by Simpson in this and two other books, Ronald McFarlane (1878) and Sayings and doings of noted temperance advocates (1879), is idealized, but these books reveal how he must have worked, going out almost nightly to give “fiery, impromptu addresses” at clubs and lodges, filling in good-naturedly for absent speakers, and even on one occasion submitting to a phrenological examination in public. Though generally of “a manner urbane and kindly,” he was “capable, on occasion, of firing into vehement outbursts on behalf of his favorite topic – abstinence,” and even of crying “like a baby.” He continued to take a leading part in the Sons of Temperance, becoming grand worthy patriarch of the Ontario division in 1874, and for its gatherings he compiled several collections of songs and recitations. He was the principal promoter of the Temperance Colonization Society, the organization that founded Saskatoon as a temperance colony in 1882.
By the mid 1870s Rose’s family had grown to nine, and after more than 20 years of living in rented houses he was able to build a large residence on St Joseph Street in the suburban Cloverhill area of Toronto. His affection for his family is evident in a surviving letter written to his wife from Toronto in 1868, when the family was still living in Ottawa. “I was so sorry, dear Mag, that I was from home when the birthdays of two of our pets came off. When I get home we will celebrate them again, and then I will have a romp with them all round. . . . Kiss the pets for me and accept one for yourself.”
The death of Robert Hunter on 15 May 1877 at age 39 brought a number of changes. Rose was now sole owner of Hunter, Rose and Company (though he was to bring his brother Daniel in as a partner in 1878), and he seems to have had to mortgage the property on Wellington Street for several years. In April 1878, with Robert James Belford, of the publishing firm Belford Brothers, and several investors, he incorporated a new firm, the Rose-Belford Publishing Company. The association with the Belfords did not last long. On 7 Feb. 1879, in a letter to the prime minister, Sir John A. Macdonald, R. J. Belford reported that “yesterday we separated for good.” The reasons are hinted at in a letter of 28 January from Alexander Beaty Belford to an unidentified correspondent. They seem in part to have been political: the Belfords and their brother Charles*, editor of the Mail, were staunch Conservatives and Rose was a Liberal. It is unlikely they were suited temperamentally either; the Belfords soon left Toronto for the richer fields of Chicago and New York. Rose, however, continued to publish in Toronto under the Rose-Belford name until 1882.
Under the Rose-Belford Publishing Company and its successor, the Rose Publishing Company, the publishing side of Rose’s business was greatly expanded. The Rose Library, a series of inexpensive editions, mostly reprints, of popular authors, was launched in 1879 and by 1886 had reached 56 titles. Other series directed at the mass market included the Red Line Edition of Standard Poets and the Premier Library of popular fiction. In the mid 1880s the Rose Publishing Company entered the textbook field; although never as active in this field as the companies operated by William James Gage* and William Walter Copp, it was producing a dozen titles annually by the 1890s. The company also published reference works such as A cyclopædia of Canadian biography (2v., 1886–88), edited by Rose himself, and important historical studies such as Joseph Edmund Collins’s biography of Sir John A. Macdonald (1883, revised 1891) and Graeme Mercer Adam*’s The Canadian North-west: its history and its troubles (1885). Some titles were extremely popular: in 1885 the trade journal Books and Notions reported that The home cook book had sold “not less than 100,000” copies, “the largest [sale], we believe, of any book ever published in Canada.”
Although Rose was the president of the Rose Publishing Company, it was managed from the early 1880s by his eldest son, Daniel Alexander, who was increasingly the family spokesman on the Canadian copyright question. Canada’s attempts to pass a new copyright act, repeatedly frustrated by the Colonial Office, preoccupied the country’s publishers in the late 1880s and 1890s [see Samuel Edward Dawson*; John Ross Robertson*]. Two other sons, William Manson and George Maclean Jr, were also involved in the family’s business activities. In 1891 Rose served one term as an alderman for St John’s Ward, but this seems to have been his only venture into political life. He was long active in the city’s Board of Trade, as a member of council (from 1878), vice-president (1881), president (1882), and treasurer (1883–92).
Rose’s last years were darkened by several reversals. In 1892, in a dispute over the ministry of the Reverend Thomas C. Jackson, he and several other members left the First Unitarian Church to form a new congregation. He and his family were to return to the church before his death. In January 1894 the Rose Publishing Company failed, and Hunter, Rose, its principal creditor, was badly hurt but survived. (The name remained associated with printing in Toronto into the 1980s.) The failure had been expected in the industry for some time, and the trade journals speculated on its causes. The Canadian Printer and Publisher blamed Canada’s copyright dilemma: “The British own us, and throw us as a sweet bone to the publishing dogs of the United States.”
In July 1895 Hunter, Rose was reorganized as an incorporated company with Rose as president and D. A. Rose and Atwell Fleming as joint managers. Rose continued to chair directors’ meetings until August 1897, but his health was failing. In 1896 he had suffered a severe attack of pneumonia from which he never fully recovered. In a letter to his daughter Christina Henrietta in October 1897, he reported, “Some days I am very bright, other days I am as weak as can be . . . . However, . . . as I am not one of those who give in easily, I have great hopes that I will be strong enough to visit you next winter.” Less than four months later he was dead at the age of 68.
The Globe, in an obituary that ran over a column, described Rose as “one of the best known citizens of Toronto.” He belonged to a generation of printer-publishers who, in the years after confederation, created a publishing industry that expressed the aspirations of the new nation. In his avocations too he was representative of his time. Although his preoccupation with prohibition is now out of fashion, the social concerns that lay behind it are not.
Time for some holiday snaps.
A vertical WAP of the beautiful baroque interior of the Basilica di San Paolo Maggiore.
Naples, Italy.
My Naples set (in its infancy at the mo).
The KOM League
Flash Report
March 22, 2019
The link to this report is posted at: www.flickr.com/photos/60428361@N07/46720141664/
A matter of fact: If this report is accessed by as few people this week as the one for last week one thing is certain—there won’t be one next week. So, if you want to see them end don’t open this week’s URL. If you missed any of the two previous installments in the Harold John McKibben story I will share the links, upon demand.
(Notice: this report is subject to editing and change at any time.)
Death of the last member of a baseball playing family.
There were five young men from Odin, Kansas who donned the uniforms of professional baseball teams for a decade, starting in 1946. Three of the five saw action in the KOM league. Joe started out as a pitcher for Miami, Okla. in 1946 and was soon turned into a hard-hitting outfielder in the Dodger chain first with Ponca City, Okla. and then finally winding up with the Hutchinson, Kansas Elks, brother Eugene played for Iola, Kansas in 1948 and Bob played for Ponca City in 1949. Jerry and Lee were in the Pittsburgh Pirate chain and neither played in the KOM league. However, they attended more KOM league reunions than all the brothers, who did, combined.
On the morning of March 20, of this year, a telephone call was received from Dave Beran informing me that his father, Leon (Lee), had just passed away. He said there was a list of people the family wished to inform of that news and that included Yours truly. That meant a lot to me for I had gotten to know Joe, Jerry and Lee very well over the past couple of decades. Unfortunately, I never got to meet Eugene or Bob.
When writing books about the KOM league I always had great cooperation from the Berans and when the newsletters were of the subscription variety that family always supported that effort in every manner. On page 32 of the book “The KOM League Remembered” are two photos. One is of a grade school team that featured three of the Boyer clan from Alba, Missouri and the other photo depicts the five baseball playing Beran brothers along with brother Tony who didn’t play professional baseball and the father of boys. The Beran family photo is on the Flickr link to this report.
Dave Beran’s contact with me was made within hours of Lee’s death and no obituary had been posted. That was good for it provided time for me to formulate my memories of the recently departed. Lee and Jerry attended every KOM league and I once asked Lee why he did so. He replied that it was a way to honor his three deceased brother’s memory. (At the time this report was prepared only a notice of Lee’s death was posted in the Emporia, Kansas Gazette. It noted that an obituary would appear later.)
At each reunion attendees were called upon to share a special talent. Lee’s gift to the reunion crowd was carrying on the tradition of Norwegian Ole and Lena jokes. As Dave told of his father’s last days I asked how long he keep telling those jokes and he replied “Until about three weeks ago.” One of Lee’s last wishes was to make a trip to Herman, Missouri which is known for its fine wines. So, the Beran’s made a trip, by train, to Herman to fulfill Lee’s final bucket wish.
There is irony in many things if you think about them long enough. On page 32 of the KOM league book, the Berans and Boyers were featured as having the most members of any families to play in the league. When Kenny Boyer developed his lung cancer he moved to Herman, Mo. where he died some 100 pounds lighter than his playing weight. Shortly, before his death Lee Beran had one final trip wish and it was to visit Herman.
In memory of Lee I scanned the internet for Ole and Lena jokes but I must say that no one on You Tube could even come close to the timing and accent Lee gave in his rendition of those “rib ticklers.”
Care is being taken, in writing this preliminary tribute regarding Lee, for I don’t wish to replicate what the official obituary will include. One of the things that stands out in my memory is a photo that was carried in the Sporting News in the early 1950’s.. In that photo was Lee, along with Brandy Davis, Ronnie Kline, Bobby del Greco and a couple of other guys posing with Branch Rickey who by then was the head honcho of the Pittsburgh Pirates. The fellows in the photo were the ones Rickey was counting on to get the Pirates out of the lower rung of the National league standings. Things don’t always pan out.
During his early days in the Pirate organization Lee faced slugger, Ralph Kiner, in an exhibition game. In trying to impress the Pirate hierarchy Lee was bearing (no pun intended) down. In facing the home run king, Lee knocked him down twice with inside pitches and what Kiner called him was anything but “buddy.”
Lee, after a good start at Brunswick, Georgia developed arm problems and didn’t fare that well in 1952 at Hutchinson. Then, Uncle Sam came along and requested that he serve some time at Camp Chaffee, Arkansas. While there, in 1953, he along with a number of professionals played for the Ft. Smith Smokers. That team won the Arkansas State Amateur title in 1954 and earned the right to play in the National Baseball Congress Tournament in Wichita, Kansas. As it turned out the Smokers had two members who had played for the 1951 Carthage Cubs; Johnny Mudd and Tom Kordas. Mudd like Lee Beran was a pitcher. When Beran found out that I knew Mudd and how to make contact with him he made a request. The request was that he return a certain piece of wearing apparel Mudd extracted from him at Camp Chaffee. Every year that Beran came to a reunion he’d bring up the subject of Mudd and if he had ever mentioned taking that item. Each year the answer was the same…no.
There is more than a slight chance that Mudd could read this article. If so, “John, Lee never forgot that jacket.” Take good care of it.
***
Lee Beran---Obituary added 3/24/2019. www.robertsblue.com/obituary/leon-lee-beran
Leon (Lee) Thomas Beran, 87, died on March 20, 2019 at his home surrounded by family. Lee was a devout Catholic, family man and recreation advocate serving Emporia and the community for the majority of his life.
Lee was born June 30, 1931 in Larned, Kansas, the son of Anton and Adelaide “Hattie” (Prosser) Beran. He grew up in Odin, Kansas with five brothers and two sisters.
In 1951, Lee signed a professional baseball contract with the Pittsburgh Pirates as a pitcher. Branch Rickey once wrote about Lee in his scouting report on October 4, 1951 as “a really good boy, I mean really good. If all 18-year-old boys were like this chap, most certainly God would be smiling down on us as a nation.” Lee started his professional baseball career in Georgia for the Brunswick Pirates, where he recorded 9 wins and 5 losses during his rookie season. He was moved up to Class C with Hutchinson Elks in Kansas. Lee was drafted into the Army in 1953 during the Korean War, stationed in Camp Chaffee and continued playing baseball as part of military leagues in Fort Smith, Arkansas. Lee claimed to have only held a gun for the picture. Lee was honorably discharged in 1955 and continued to serve in the Army Reserves until 1961.
After a short stint in the military, he returned to baseball in 1955 playing for various minor league organizations. In 1955, his professional pitching career was cut short due to an arm injury and he relocated to Emporia to receive therapy. While here, he also enrolled in school at Kansas State Teachers College, where he was a three-year letterman in football, and went on to receive his Bachelor of Science in Physical Education degree in 1959. He also served as a graduate assistant football coach. Lee relocated to Dodge City, Kansas in 1960 to teach and coach football at Saint Mary of the Plains College. After serving less than one season as head coach, Lee returned to Emporia accepting a position with the Emporia Recreation Commission, as well as a graduate assistant football coach in 1961. He was promoted to Director of Emporia Recreation Commission in 1961. In 1965, he served on the President’s Council on Physical Fitness at the invitation of Stan Musial under President Lyndon B. Johnson. Lee also served in both a state and national representative capacity within the Kansas Recreation and Parks Association, in which he held numerous board positions.
He received the Distinguished Fellow award from the Kansas Recreation and Parks Association in 1977 and in the same year was instrumental in the construction of the present recreation building.
In 1999, Lee retired as Director of the Emporia Recreation Commission and was very proud of his friends and colleagues he had the opportunity to meet and work with over his career. In the same year, Lee was inducted to Kansas Parks and Recreation Hall of Fame. He was commended for his service to the Emporia community by having the Recreation Commission building named in his honor. In 2003, Lee was inducted into the Emporia State University (HPER) Health, Physical Education and Recreation Hall of Honor.
In his retirement, Lee continued to manage annual KSHAA state tournaments and acted as tournament manager through 2018. He enjoyed bowling, golf, and attending music and sporting events with his friends and family. Lee was an amateur comic with an endless catalog of jokes to entertain his friends and colleagues. He despised slow golfers, airport security checks (due to having two bionic hips) and watching Judge Judy despite his wife’s interest in the daily program.
Lee married Judith Cross on June 13, 1959 in Kansas City, Kansas. She survives of the home. Other survivors include: daughters, Julie Lahr of Derby, Kansas, Andrea Bachura and her husband Jon of Overland Park, Kansas; sons, Michael Beran and his wife Suzan (Putzier) from Shawnee, KS, David Beran and his wife Caryn (Hanna) from Overland Park, Kansas; brother, Tony Beran of Aurora, CO; sister, Alice Dolechek of Odin, KS; Grandchildren, Michael Uran, Andrew Beran, Christian Beran, Kiley Beran, Jameson Beran, Alaina Bachura, Jacob Beran, Mary Grace Beran, and Solomon Beran; as well as one great-grandchild Christian Uran.
Lee was preceded in death by his parents; brothers, Gene Beran, Joe Beran, Bob Beran, Jerry Beran; and a sister, Viola Dice.
Cremation is planned with a Rosary to be held at 7:30 p.m., Friday, April 5, 2019 at Sacred Heart Catholic Church, Emporia. Mass of Christian Burial will be held at 10:30 a.m., Saturday, April 6, 2019 at Sacred Heart Catholic Church. A private inurnment will be held at a later date at Holy Family Cemetery, Odin, Kansas. In lieu of flowers, the family asks donations be made to the Emporia Recreation Commission or Sacred Heart Catholic Church. Contributions may be sent in care of Roberts-Blue-Barnett Funeral Home. The family would like to thank the Hand in Hand Hospice Care staff who took great care of him during his final days.
Finally, the family asks that in honor of Lee, everyone remember his eternal inspiring words...”just suck it up.”
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A faithful reader fulfills his promise
This article was taken from a March 20, 2019 e-mail from Lt. Col. Frank Hungerford Ret.
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John, about a year ago I informed you that Al Billingsly had passed in late 2017 but I had very little information concerning his passing, and that I would do some research and try to find out more information.
After researching Venice, Florida (where Al lived) and Sarasota newspapers for an obituary and funeral services to no avail, I had about given up looking. I wrote a letter to his daughter who informed me that he had passed away.
I had talked to one of Al's sons and to his daughter by telephone last year but obviously didn't ask the right questions as I was trying to be considerate, and tried to contact Al's first wife, Betty, (and mother of his three children) who lived in the Orlando area without success.
Earlier this month, Betty Billingsly's obituary appeared in the Orlando Sentinel newspaper with her Memorial Services announcement. I attended the services and was able to talk to the three children before and after the services. I had not seen any of the children since about 1960 so they didn't remember me but were very appreciative of me coming to the services and of the letter I had sent last year asking about their Dad and Mother, and of the numerous photos I had sent them. Also, daughter, Marina, had stated she had instructed her Mother not to answer any telephone calls if she didn't recognize the number calling, plus Marina later had placed her Mother in a Nursing Home and had told me that she would probably would not know me if I came to see her.
It turns out I had been looking in the wrong place (Venice and Sarasota) for any information about Al and LaRue. First, there were no obituaries published for either Larue or Al, and secondly, they are buried right here in the Orlando area. (Winter Garden, a suburb of Orlando). It was explained to me that Larue had passed away in a Venice/Sarasota nursing
home which Al had withheld information about her condition from the children until the very end, and since he was in very poor physical condition, they brought Larue here for burial and placed Al in a Nursing home in the Orlando area. His oldest son, Rusty, said Al's had prostate cancer, had diminishing mental issues, and finally his heart failed.
The children decided to bury them here close to the daughter's home as Rusty lives in Savannah, and son, Ted, lives in St. Louis. Only grave side services were conducted for Larue and Al.
Al and Betty were married in Springfield in about 1950 and Al dropped out of professional baseball after their marriage. We, my wife and I were very close to Al and Betty in Springfield but after I joined the Army in 1952 we drifted apart except I did see them in St Louis in 1960, and completely lost contact with Al until 1986 when the Springfield high school Class of 1946 which included Al and my sister, Ramona, had a reunion. Al was a year ahead of some of us (Ray Haley, Paul Nichols, myself). I was looking through Ramona's reunion booklet and saw Al's address so we got together again.
I never asked Al the reason for their divorce and he never offered to tell me but I did detect there was some heart break and feelings among his children concerning his leaving their mother and his marriage to Larue. I felt their children's angst but regretted we didn't know of Al's last days and we were not there to pay our respects at his passing.
I have attached a photo from Betty's Memorial Services and a photo of Al and Larue's headstone.
(Ed note: Not shown in this report.) I still enjoy your KOM letters. Best regards, Frank Hungerford
Ed comment:
The names in this report primarily; Ray Haley, Paul Nichols and Hungerford were all former KOM leaguers from Springfield, MO and all offered Yankee contracts by Tom Greenwade. Hungerford was offered a conditional one if he would go to the Amateur Baseball League of America which was comprised of a group of towns in North Central Kansas. The towns that comprised that league had become dissatisfied with the Ban Johnson organization and formed their own group.
When Greenwade insisted Hungerford was not ready for professional baseball he signed with the St. Louis Browns and they sent him to Pittsburg, Kansas for the 1947 season. Another Springfield boy was involved in this group. His name was Alvin Newton Long and he married Hungerford’s sister Ramona and he was also signed by Greenwade and was a late season edition to the 1949 Independence Yankees that featured some reasonably fine talent, four of whom went to the big leagues and one of them, Mickey Mantle, to the Hall of Fame.
Al Billingsly played for the 1948 Independence Yankees of the KOM league and then returned to the area in 1950 to play second base for the Joplin Miners. What he contributed to that club aside from baseball talent, was an automobile. It was a source of many a tale from the start of spring training, at Branson, Mo. in April to the day the Joplin Miners clinched the Western Association pennant in September.
During a night of celebration, following the pennant winning game, some of the fellows were feeling no pain and convinced Billingsly they should get in his car and head for California. It was not a well-planned venture and when the future Hall of Famer on that club decided they weren’t going fast enough he demanded to take over the driving chores. After a few near collisions, on old Route 66, still inside the city of Joplin, Mickey Mantle was relieved of his driving chores.
Shortly, after Billingsly got back behind the wheel, as one of the few sober guys in the car, it ran out of fuel. Mantle had a great idea. He would fill the tank by emptying, shall we say, the stuff he had consumed a short time before. Now, the car wasn’t going anywhere. It had to be towed to a garage where extensive work on the carburetor was done the next day. Nobody helped Billingsly with the price of repairs. He told me that the pennant winning night wasn’t any fun in any respect and it wound up costing him money.
Yep, these are the kind of stories that you would never find in a sports column but talking with old ballplayers you learn that not all their memories are of the game but rather what happened outside of it.
Albert A. Billingsly
Born: January 31, 1929—Springfield, Missouri
Died: November 30, 2017—Orlando, Florida
Once I inquired of Billingsly as to the correct spelling of his last name. I had seen it end in “ly” and “ley.” The answer was a bit surprising. There were two families on Route 9 out of Springfield, Missouri who spelled their names with the “ley.” The mail carrier was always getting the mail interchanged. He suggested one family use the “ley” spelling and the other “ly.” And that is how Albert A. Billingsley wound up being Albert A. Billingsly. The latter spelling is found on his tombstone. Which by the way a photo of it is available upon request.
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Filling in some blank spots
Seldom are there any updates to the profiles of deceased former KOM leaguers. Over the years I have been fairly successful in determining where a guy was born and when. The same goes for those who have passed away.
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For nearly a quarter century I have shown Andrew Joseph Murren Jr. as being born in Nutley, New Jersey in 1931 and dying sometime in the early 1960’s. I also had a record of his military enlistment date of April 3, 1945 at Newark. Well, some of that checked out to be correct and some was five years off- base in some data I found on him this past week. He either fibbed about his age with a St. Louis Browns scout or the Pittsburg, Kansas Morning Sun sports editor.
Murren, a 22-year-old right-handed pitcher, was born July 23, 1926 in Nutley, New Jersey and passed away on June 28, 1958 in Essex New Jersey. I know very little more about him other than his wife’s name was Arline and she was mentioned in many Passaic, New Jersey society columns. Andrew’s name appeared in some wedding announcements as being the best man. City directories in New Jersey carried his name in editions from 1950 through 1958 and that is when they ceased. The last city mentioned where he worked was Belleview, New Jersey.
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Daniel Longaker was a member of the 1947 Pittsburg, Kans. Browns. He was born August 16, 1927 in Detroit, Michigan and passed away February 27, 1995 in Warren, Michigan. Until March 18, 2019 I was unaware of his middle name which was Lawrence.
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Russell H. Bland Jr. of the 1951 Pittsburg, Kans. Browns was born October 2, 1931 in St. Louis, Mo. and passed away September 10, 1998 in Glen Carbon, Illinois. Until March 18, 2019 I had never discovered his and his father’s middle name. For the record books it was Hubbard.
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John A. “Jack” Nesbit is how I knew the former Pittsburg Browns catcher. He was born Sept 19, 1928 in Detroit, Mich. and died September 9, 1996 in Belleville, Ill. He had attended his first and only KOM league reunion earlier that year. He was an accountant after his baseball career concluded. Until March 18, 2019 I didn’t know that his middle name was Adolph.
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Some things just have to be chalked up to oversight. Rex Simpson played for the Chanute Athletics in 1947 and the Pittsburg Browns in 1948. His major contribution to the KOM league, from my perspective was being the first person to ever suggest I write about that league and he donated the first cent to make that happen. He sent $20 after receiving the first KOM league newsletter in 1994 which caused another one to be written the next month and that continued for 16 years. It was later replaced by these Flash Reports which come in a distant second place to the printed, addressed, stamped, stapled version and delivered by the friendly postmen around this country. Although I knew his middle name I did not realize until March 18, 2019 that I failed to show it in some of my files. A posthumous apology goes to Rex Leon Simpson. Or “Big Red” for those who knew him best. For those who recall the name of Loren Packard, a KOM league batting champion and later with the Topeka Owls, he and Simpson were first cousins from Helena, Okla. Later both played for the powerhouse amateur team, the Wichita Boeing Bombers.
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Lawrence J. Bale was born on the 4th of July of 1928 in Goodman, Mo. He made it to the Pittsburg, Kansas Browns in 1949. During a search of middle names for those on my database his middle name of James was finally inserted there March 19, 2019. Bale now resides in metro Kansas City.
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Melvin J. Smith was a member of the 1948 Pittsburg, Kansas Browns who was born in Springfield, MO in 1927 and died there in 2004. Until March 19, 2019 I didn’t have his middle name of James listed on my database. Melvin had a twin brother by the name of Elwyn.
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Robert P. Carle of the 1949 Pittsburg Browns finally got his middle name, Paul, posted on my database 70 years after he broke into baseball. He was born in 1930 at Tiro, Ohio. and died in Lake Worth, Florida in 2001. For many years he was the IRS Director in Detroit, Mich.
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Ralph Fall was born in September of 1931 at Sedalia, Mo and was playing with the Pittsburg Browns in 1949. He died in Kansas City in March of 2000 and got his middle name of Edward placed on the KOM league database on March 19, 2019.
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Arthur Robert Marsden. B. 5/20/1924—D. 6/19/2016
In a recent search for Robert Marsden’s middle name I found that it was what I had always thought his first name to be. His first name was Arthur but he never went by that in the KOM league with either Pittsburg in 1947 or with Pittsburg, or Iola, Kansas the teams for whom he played in 1948. For historical records he was basically a third baseman.
This is his belated obituary: www.findagrave.com/memorial/165418835 Open this site to see a photo of the deceased. He made it into a Pittsburg team photo in 1947. If you have the second edition of “Majoring in the Minors” his photo is on page 342. Even if you don’t have that book, it is still there.
Arthur Robert Marsden, 92 of Philadelphia, PA, died Sunday June 19, 2016 in the Lima Estates, Media, PA. He was known by Bob and Art to his friends.
Born in Philadelphia, PA, he was the son of the late Arthur E. and the late Edna (Milner) Marsden.
Bob was a veteran of the US Army who fought at the Battle of the Bulge. He received the Bronze Star and was a recipient of the Purple Heart.
Bob played semipro baseball with the St. Louis Browns. He played soccer and basketball at Temple University where he received both his Bachelors and Masters degrees. (Ed note: The St. Louis Browns ball club at Pittsburg, Kansas was professional baseball of the Class D level, just as was Iola.)
He was an avid golfer and had a hole in one at the age of 83.
Bob was an Executive Director with the Boys and Girls Club of Philadelphia for 38 years.
He was active with the Tioga-Nicetown Community and received awards for his many contributions.
Predeceased by his loving wife of 44 years, Rita (nee Aldworth) Marsden.
Survived by his children, Scott (Melody) Marsden Tracy (Jim) Oestreich, Dean (Theresa) Marsden, Grandchildren, Brittany Marsden, Matthew (Chrissy) Marsden, Kim Marsden, Sarah (Maurice) Darden, Joshua (Kristen) Oestreich , Abigail Oestreich, and Robert Marsden; Great Grandchildren, William Sgrignioli, Matthew Marsden, Caleb Oestreich, Dear Friend, Teresa Kelly.
Funeral service will be held Thursday at 11:00 am at Calvary Chapel of Philadelphia, 13500 Philmont Ave, Philadelphia 19116. Friends may call Thursday from 10-11:00 AM at Calvary Chapel of Philadelphia. Burial: Calvary Cemetery, Conshohocken.
Comment:
Through yet another medical visit yesterday my photos of birds was mentioned. The nurse practitioner and I discussed birds. I sent her a link to a barred owl and she not only looked at that but found a reference to “Majoring in the Minors.” She was looking it up to see if she could find it on line.
What she found was a copy on Amazon and inquired if that was the one I wrote. She was interested in purchasing a copy, to be signed, until she found the asking price. Anyone ready for this? The asking price is $1,496.00. That is a pretty good history book but not at that price.
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The saga of Harold John McKibben continues
We left off last time in our story with the news Harold John McKibben learned that he had family in Missouri and Oklahoma and he was making plans to “head east.”
On September 24, 1927 the Joplin Globe carried a story with the headline “Youth, Missing Seventeen Years, To Come Here to Join Relatives.”
John Harold McKibbben, 21 years old, who learned last week that he was an American citizen and not a Mexican boy, as he had been led to believe during seventeen years’ abode with a Mexican family as their adopted son will join two uncles in Joplin as soon as funds sent to him are received the Los Angeles, Calif., Examiner said last night in a telephone message to The Globe.
The youth went to Los Angeles in search of his father, not knowing he died fourteen years ago in Sacramento, Calif., just a day or two before his uncles and other relatives discovered through photographs of the boys, published in The Globe. A telegram sent to the Los Angeles newspaper notified the boy of the circumstances and advised him that two uncles living near Miami, Okla., Harve McKibben and John McKibben, would receive him here.
Speaks Broken English.
As he speaks broken English, Harold McKibben could not converse freely over the telephone from the Examiner office last night and his business was transacted by C. G. Bowen, a member of the Examiner staff.
Bowen said McKibben was without funds when he arrived in California, but that the youth had been given employment on the Examiner staff temporarily, in order that he might have sufficient funds to sustain him while he awaited word from relatives.
The youth wants to join his uncles and will come to Joplin to meet them here as soon as funds arrive. His uncles sent him sufficient funds by telegraph last night and he expects to leave as soon as possible for Joplin
McKibben attempted to converse over the telephone last night, apparently delighted in talking with someone who could assure him that his uncles had been found, but after muttering in broken English, “Hello, who is this?” he gave up the attempt and surrendered the telephone to Bowen.
The youth has another uncle, Jake McKibben, living at Claremore, Okla.; two aunts, Mrs. Mattie Smith at Miami and Mrs. J. W. Mitchell at Borger Tex., and a grandmother, Mrs. Lucy Ball, his father’s mother, who lives at Anderson, Mo.
The finding of the youth’s relatives came as a result of his learning in El Paso, Tex., that his father once lived in Joplin. The Globe published an account of the boy’s case and also photographs of him as he was at the age of 4, and as he is today, at 21. Harve McKibben was the first of the family to identify himself and make himself known to the Globe. An El Paso newspaper championing the youth’s cause was communicated with immediately, but the youth had gone to California and could not be stopped en route.
Harold’s father, Norman McKibben, lived in Joplin until 1910, when Harold was then 4 years old. The father’s first wife died when Harold was in infancy and in 1910 Norman McKibben re-married and went to Texas, taking Harold with them. There the baby was left “for a little while,” but the father and stepmother did not return. News drifted back that they had gone to California.
None of the brothers of Norman McKibben heard anything more from him until three years later, when they were notified, by telegram that he had died. No one knew, apparently, what had become of the baby. For the last seven years, one aunt, Mrs. Mitchell, has traveled extensively over the country in search of her nephew, without avail.
Fought With Villa
The youth’s life is filled with adventure. Known as Juan Chavez, son of Manuel Chavez, a Mexican rancher, he enlisted in the Mexican army and fought with the notorious Pancho Villa, revolutionist. He was educated in the Mexican schools and acted as correspondent for Mexican journals.
Harold learned his true identity last week, when his parents, despairing of their intention of having him remain a Mexican all his life, told him of adopting him under an order of the federal court after he had been abandoned by his parents. Overjoyed, the youth went to El Paso and there began his search for his family.
With the foregoing article appearing in the Joplin Globe the citizens of the Tri-State area now were up to speed on the Harold John McKibben as the residents of El Paso had been, days earlier. Depending upon the newspaper column cited. he was called both Harold John and John Harold
News of young McKibben was becoming “old hat” by the time the Joplin Globe carried its story that he was headed to Joplin. He had given up front page status to Charles Lindbergh who was visiting El Paso after his non-stop flight across the Atlantic. McKibben’s story in the El Paso Times was relegated to a small column, on page 6 that reported on the telephone conversation with his uncles where neither party understood the other. And that was only the beginning of the “lack of communication.”
For the next few months McKibben received some attention but the story died quickly. Upon arriving in Joplin he announced that he wanted to get a job for a year or so and then go to college. He expressed some interest in becoming a lawyer. His uncles and aunts said they would provide the funds for him to go to college, immediately. However, he wanted to get acclimated to his new found home. So, he lived around Picher and Commerce, Oklahoma for the next couple of years.
In October of 1928 he was receiving some coverage in newspapers across this country by declaring he would “ rather be a poor American than a rich foreigner”. However, the newspapers started picking up stories that the young man may have been an heir to another fortune, this one being oil. The newspaper reporters inquired into this matter with the boy’s aunts, uncles and grandmother and none of them had any knowledge of any other holdings the family had that would make him rich. However, there was great suspicion that Harold’s father owned part of another valuable mine. This story was found in the February 28, 1930 edition of the El Paso Evening Post. Page 13.
The headline read “Mystery Boy May Receive New Fortune.”—Sub headlines included: “Harold McKibben Has Rights in Mines Say Seekers—Youth Quits School.—Disappears After Attending Oklahoma Institution for Three Months.
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A new fortune may yet be found for Harold John McKibben, 23, the youth who abandoned riches in Mexico and said: “I would rather be a poor American than a rich foreigner.”
The possibility of the new fortune, this one on American-made wealth, developed at the outgrowth of investigations made here by J. W. Mitchell and Mrs. Mitchell of Commerce, Okla. Mrs. Mitchell is the aunt of Harold McKibben and the sister of Harold’s late father, Norman McKibben (This article rehashes what had been reported about Harold being abandoned by his family in El Paso and then learning of his roots in Southwest Missouri and Northeast Oklahoma.)
The story now goes back to the El Paso Evening Post article of February 28, 1930. McKibben went to the home of Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell in Commerce, Okla., for a year’s residence. Mitchell, an erecting engineer, then sent the lad to a school in Oklahoma City for three months. He disappeared again, Mitchell said, and all efforts to locate him in that section failed.
Mitchell and his wife came here (El Paso) for a new inquiry. They announced hitherto unpublished facts which put a different light on the abandonment of the child.
Doubt Abandonment
“I do not believe that my brother, Harold’s father, ever abandoned his child,” Mrs. Mitchell said.
“As he lay dying in Sacramento, Calif, in 1921, he told the priest that his son Harold had been dead for years; that the lad’s mother died in Missouri.
“Another strange thing about it is the fact that shortly after the abandonment of the child by the stepmother we got a wire from my brother in an El Paso hospital. Yet neither parent came back to the Chipps after the stepmother abandoned the child”
And the father died thinking his child was dead. The wire from the hospital asked for money. Yet we knew that only a short time before the father, the stepmother and the child left Missouri with $30,000 that the father made in mining.
Seek Mining Paper
“The father also had a partnership agreement, giving him one-fourth interest in another mine in Missouri, valuable property to this day. We have never been able to find that partnership paper. We are trying to find it.”
The trail of this paper, a document that was folded up with a lot of old yellow sheets, and has now been missing for two decades, has occupied the Mitchells for five days in El Paso.
They interviewed H. N. (Big Kid) Shipley, Victor Benedetti, court officials and police and many others. But so far the paper has not been found. They sought news of the present whereabouts of Harold McKibben but in vain.
Benedetti thinks McKibben is seeking movie fame in Los Angeles. He says the lad came through El Paso again a few months ago, borrowed five dollars for meals on a train from here to El Paso and went on. He told of the boy’s fondness for theatricals and movies, a fancy that fits in with Mrs. Mitchell’s report of how the lad used to sit under a tree at her home (Commerce, Okla.) and croon Spanish songs. He seemed lonely in his native land, after so many years in Mexico.
The search for the mine paper is continuing.
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From the time the Mitchell family left Commerce, Okla. for El Paso, Texas nothing was heard from the illusive Harold John McKibben. On April Fool’s day in 1931 the United Press started the saga again with this headline. El Paso, Texas (UP) “Believe M’Kibben is Hunting Family.”
Harold John McKibben, who turned his back on Mexican riches in 1927 to search unsuccessfully for his American parents, was believed to have returned to this county in an attempt to learn about his family.
His clothes in tatters, his hair hanging to his shoulder, a twenty-four-year-old giving his name as McKibben staggered across the international boundary near Lizard Switch last night and asked that he be extended the privileges of an American citizen.
Immigration officers, to whom he told his story, expressed the opinion it was “weird” and released him. Whether he now is on the American or Mexican side, they did not know and a search was started for him.
The youth told officers that an insatiable desire to know about himself and his family led him to return to the border and he made a long trek thru Mexico. He had returned to Mexico after he was unsuccessful in trying to find his family in 1927. (At this point in the April 1931 article goes through the entire scenario of him being abandoned, being reunited with family in Joplin and Miami and the whole nine yards. This newspaper account stated that when offered a chance to return to the Joplin area he dropped out of sight and was never seen publicly, again. Of course that belies the fact he lived in Commerce with the Mitchell’s and even spent three months in an Oklahoma City educational facility.)
Well, by now it is evident that Harold John McKibben was a very disturbed young man, a pathological liar or a con-man par excellence.
The Miami News Record carried another article about the McKibben saga on March 29th of 1931 with the headline” “Miami Relatives Skeptical of El Paso News Story Relating to Return of American Youth Reared by Mexican Family”
What may be a dramatic sequel to one of the strangest stories ever printed in the News-Record about anyone with a local connection came to light Saturday (March 28, 1931) when Associated Press dispatches told of John Harold McKibben, 24-year-old white man staggering across the international boundary near El Paso, Tex., and being picked up by border patrolmen.
Dispatches described McKibben as “bearded, ragged, starved and heart-sick,” and quoted him as saying he was coming to Miami to visit relatives.
While some parts of the story Saturday agree with the story of the John Harold McKibben who visited his uncle, Harve McKibben, here in 1927, other parts of it are incompatible, the Miamian pointed out Saturday when notified of the incident in El Paso.
Relatives Skeptical
The John McKibben who is Harve McKibbens nephew, has many connections in El Paso and Miami who would finance him if he needed it, making that part of the story hard to believe by his Miami relatives. However, the kinsmen expect to know the truth within a few days as the wanderer told authorities he was headed for this place.
The nephew of Harve McKibben of Miami and Jake McKibben of Claremore, visited here in September, 1927, and told his strange story—as he had gleaned it, bit by bit, from relatives and friends of his parents and public records. (This article once again rehashes to story of how McKibben wound up in Mexico as a four year old, for a number of paragraphs) This article then resumed with speculation not previously found in print. It stated “What happened in Mexico is not known, but it is believed that Norman McKibben lost his money in a mining venture, was too proud to return home or ask for help. He is believed to have left his son in care of the Mexican Gomez, until he could go to Los Angeles, recoup his fortunes and reclaim the child.”
Father Died in 1913
However, reports show that Norman died in Los Angeles shortly after going there in 1913. The mother died when John Harold was an infant. She was a white woman and not a part-Cherokee as stated in the Saturday news dispatches. Harve McKibben also said he knew of no oil heritage which John Harold might lay claim as to the news dispatches suggested.
The last article from the Miami News-Record to be found on this story concluded with “Now, whether misfortune has overtaken the Gomez wealth in Mexico, whether the talented and brilliant McKibben has met with foul play, or whether the man who staggered across the border as an imposter remains to be seen when, and if, he shows up.”
McKibben Shows up in Surprising Place
Where would a fellow go that was eluding authorities? Well, the El Paso Herald followed all leads and the next one led to the most improbable place I would ever have imagined. It had taken from March 28 to July 11, edition of that paper carried this article. ---M’KIBBEN DISCOVERED WANDERING AS A HERMIT. Found With Long Flowing Beard in Missouri Woods..
Another chapter in the strange life of Harold John McKibben was unfolded Saturday when officers found that the “hermit” with a long flowing beard, was arrested in the woods near Carthage, Mo, is the person who was left in El Paso as a baby. (The news article again recounts how the boy was left in El Paso in 1910 and reunited seventeen years later with family members in Joplin) The article concluded thusly. “A few months ago U. S. immigration men found him wandering in the desert near El Paso. His mind seemed blank. He disappeared again and was found with a long flowing beard, fingernails an inch long and dressed in knickers in the Missouri woods. He told officer he had been wandering for 15 years after being lost in Oklahoma.
Conclusion:
And that, my friends is the last thing ever revealed about Harold John McKibben Some 20 years later on September 13, 1947, the El Paso Times looked back on significance stories for that date in history and made mention of it but never was anything else ever found on the “Little Boy Abandoned.” I have searched death indexes, historical newspapers and genealogy sites, all to no avail. So, I will probably never know what became of the fellow as he was last seen wandering in the woods outside my hometown—Carthage, Mo.
Although the story of Harold John McKibben has no satisfactory conclusion it opened some insights into the life of my grandfather, Geddes Wadsworth Hall and his son and my uncle Harry Luther Hall.
For years I knew they were both living at Baxter Springs, Kansas when they died. Harry died at age 19 in a mining accident and Grandpa Hall died there in 1931 with a mine related lung disease at age 51. Until researching the coming’s and goings of Harold John McKibben I never knew the name of the mine where my grandpa and uncle worked. They were both employed at the Goodwin Mine which was located at the north end of Picher, Okla. which bordered the twin Kansas mining town of Treece. So, they had a five mile trip to work each day from Baxter Springs to Picher.
As a young man I always heard my mother and dad talk about Picher and Baxter. The year Geddes died his son Cecil was working in Carthage at the Juvenile Shoe Factory where he met my mother. They were married at Baxter and in order to get there took the street car from Carthage.
Thus, during the 1927 to 1931 era I later knew the names of few people who worked the Picher lead and zinc fields. One name I didn’t know became familiar as I grew up watching Roy Rogers and the Sons of the Pioneers.
Located at Carterville, Missouri is a cemetery filled with names of family members including Hall, Nealy and Taylor. Also in that plot for the deceased are many people by the name of Spencer. The Spencer’s were from Webb City. Ephriam Spencer had a son by the name of Vernon who loved music and played the ukulele. Ephriam was a miner who with his family moved to Mills, New Mexico around 1913 to homestead.
In 1927 the Eagle Picher Mining Company convinced Ephriam to move to Picher and become the supervisor of one of their mining operations. He brought along his 19-year-old ukulele playing son, Vernon. Vernon wanted to play his music and his dad insisted he work the mines and make a living.
While working in the mines an ore bucket fell on Vernon and he suffered broken vertebrae which ended his days in the mines and he then got to spend more time on his music. Shortly after moving to Picher, Vernon met a young girl by the name of Mabel and wouldn’t you have guessed it, she was a McKibben.
Whether Vernon ever met Harold John McKibben is unknowable but they had a few things in common. They were born two years and five miles apart. Vernon in Webb City, 1908 and Harold in Joplin. 1906. Both left the area when they were young. Vernon winding up in New Mexico and Harold, who you know by now, was a resident of Mexico. They returned to the Picher area at the same time. Thus Vernon would have read about the exploits of Harold in either the Miami or Joplin newspapers.
Another thing Vernon and Harold had in common was their desire to be entertainers. Each went about it in different ways but California was always the destination of choice. While there isn’t much documentation on McKibben there is a ton of it on Vernon Spencer who changed his first name to Tim and became one of the founders of the Sons of the Pioneers along with Bob Nolan and Leonard Slye who changed his name, to Roy Rogers. For a few hours of reading you can access this link and learn more than you probably ever wanted to know about the aforementioned subject. search.yahoo.com/yhs/search;_ylt=AwrUi6bkE5VcaykA03IPxQt....
Due to the honor of having the nephew of Mabel McKibben Spencer as a reader of these reports I learned of how that part of the McKibben family moved to California and lived happily ever after—or happier than they would have been staying in the lead and zine mining area of Northeast Oklahoma.
CLARK, DANIEL, physician, office holder, newspaper publisher, asylum superintendent, and author; b. 29 Aug. 1830 in Grantown-on-Spey, Scotland, son of Alexander Clark, a farmer, and Anne McIntosh; m. November 1859 Jennie Elizabeth Gissing of Princeton, Upper Canada, and they had five children, all of whom died in infancy; d. 4 June 1912 in Toronto.
Daniel Clark’s family emigrated to Upper Canada in 1841 via New York City and the Erie Canal and settled near Port Dover. His early education is not known, but he seems to have spent only a brief time at school in Scotland and in Canada. Later he would claim to have largely educated himself through reading and study. In April 1850 Clark and others from the Port Dover area decided to try their luck in the California gold-fields. The journey took them from New York, across the Isthmus of Panama, and then by boat to San Francisco. They panned for gold on the American River in the Sierra Nevada. His California experience exposed the youthful Clark to new people and places and, perhaps most important, provided him with sufficient money to continue his education.
After returning home in October 1851, he enrolled at the grammar school in Simcoe. Two years later he obtained a teacher’s certificate and entered Knox College, Toronto, to study for the ministry of the Presbyterian Church of Canada. But he changed his mind, possibly on the advice of his physicians following an illness, and switched the next year to the Toronto School of Medicine. For three summers he worked as a schoolteacher in Blenheim Township to finance his training. He also taught in Burford and helped erect a log schoolhouse in Princeton. Upon completion of studies in classics, mathematics, philosophy, and medicine in April 1858, Clark graduated from Victoria College in Cobourg. He then went to Scotland, where he attended the winter course of medical lectures at the University of Edinburgh and worked in the outdoor department of the Royal Infirmary. After a brief trip to the Continent, he returned to Canada in the summer of 1859 and began general practice in Princeton. Later that year he married Jennie Elizabeth Gissing, who had been born in the village to English parents.
Except for a brief hiatus in 1864, when Daniel joined the Union army as a volunteer surgeon during the American Civil War, the Clarks lived in Princeton until 1875. For 16 years he practised medicine in the Blandford-Blenheim region, and he appears to have been popular. He may have been the first practitioner in the area to administer chloroform, whose use he had learned from James Young Simpson in Edinburgh. Clark’s position as a physician and surgeon was enhanced by the local offices he held in the community as issuer of marriage licences, coroner, and commissioner for affidavits. He later referred fondly to having participated in literary events, and at one time he may have considered entering provincial politics.
A skilful practitioner, Clark eventually became more widely recognized by his colleagues. He carried out a successful hysterectomy in 1865 and two cases of blood transfusion in 1875. He was elected to the provincial medical council in 1872 and again three years later, and he would serve as its president in 1876 and 1877. Among his many interests, the study of insanity became a specialty, and this skill, together with his professional reputation and the support of the council, led to his appointment in November 1875 as medical superintendent of the Asylum for the Insane in Toronto following the retirement of Joseph Workman*.
Clark directed the administrative and medical affairs of the asylum for the next 30 years. During his tenure the number of patients grew from 956 to 1,195 and the employees from 97 to 144. He described his work in the asylum’s annual report to the provincial inspector of prisons, asylums, and public charities [see John Woodburn Langmuir], whose findings were published by the Ontario legislature in its sessional papers. Clark’s reports are individual in character and demonstrate an independence of thought not found in modern official publications. Summarizing the major developments in the asylum during the reporting period, they were a vehicle for the superintendent’s ideas on the care of the insane. He was often critical of policies that overloaded the institution with patients and reduced its amenities, for example, the admission of incurables, which diminished the role of the asylum as a curative institution. He urged the development of small cottages as an alternative to crowded ward accommodation and on occasion barely concealed his irritation at official stinginess in providing for his public charges. A stickler for legalities and for evidence, he repeatedly condemned the laxness in examining those suspected of insanity that was clearly demonstrated by ambiguous and sloppy entries on the certificates. By the 1880s he keenly felt the tension between his duties as administrator and as physician. Managing the growing institution became more onerous, and his workload was compounded by the increased paperwork and the numerous statistics demanded by government officials, about the value of which he was sceptical.
In his time at the asylum, Clark extended his research into insanity, establishing a continent-wide, if quirky, reputation. Despite his wide reading in the medical literature and his familiarity with developments in asylum administration elsewhere in Canada and particularly in the United States, he was a loner and did not make common cause with his colleagues in the Ontario asylum service. On occasion he used his pen to criticize their medical theories and institutional practices. His point of view, as Henry Mills Hurd wrote in 1917, “never coincided with that of the psychiatrist of the present day, and he belonged to a school pretty largely his own.” Clark participated in the debates of his time, notably on the relationship between insanity and masturbation, on the connection between gynaecological problems and insanity in women, and on the use of physical restraint, which he claimed to have ended at Toronto in 1883. Nevertheless he used restraint when he felt it was necessary, particularly for the administration of food and medicine. He took exception to colleagues who championed the banning of alcohol, which he preferred to opium and chloral hydrate as a sedative in some cases. He was sceptical of the merit of surgery in the treatment of the insane and dismissed the diagnostic value of taking a patient’s temperature and pulse. But he conducted experiments using amyl nitrate, becoming an advocate of its use. He remained an ardent supporter of the benefits of divine service, activity therapies, carefully planned amusements, and work, though he criticized the application of work as a general discipline and cure. Impatient with many asylum reformers, he claimed to “cleave to well-tried methods of treatment” and avoid fads.
Clark also developed a solid reputation as an expert in forensic psychiatry, testifying for the crown on some occasions and for the defence on others. Perhaps his most celebrated court appearance was for the defence in the trial of Louis Riel*, whom he declared to be insane. In 1887 he read a paper on Riel’s “psycho-medical history” before the Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane. He reported this and a number of other cases in an article published in the proceedings of its successor, the American Medico-Psychological Association, for 1895. In forensic work, as in his asylum administration, Clark urged careful attention to the requirements of the law, and he never hesitated to point out errors in procedure and in evidence.
He served as examiner in chemistry for the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario and in obstetrics and medical jurisprudence for the University of Toronto. Between 1887 and 1903 he was extramural professor of mental diseases at the university. He became president of the Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane in 1891 and was made an honorary member of its successor in 1906. He also held the positions of president of the Ontario Medical Association in 1883–84 and vice-president in the Medico-Legal Association of New York. He published extensively on issues of insanity and institutional administration, contributing articles to the Canada Lancet (Toronto), the Canadian Journal of Medical Science (Toronto), the American Journal of Insanity (Utica, N.Y), the British Medical Journal (London), and other periodicals. For the attendants at the Asylum for the Insane he compiled a handbook in 1881, and his lectures to medical students were published as Medical diseases: a synopsis . . . (Toronto and Montreal, [1895?]).
Clark’s powers of observation and his skills as an analyst also served him well in his lifelong interest in poetry, fiction, and biography. He was a contributor to Stewart’s Quarterly (Saint John), the Maritime Monthly (Saint John), and Rose-Belford’s Canadian Monthly and National Review (Toronto). In partnership with his brother-in-law Frederick J. Gissing, he published a newspaper, the Weekly Review, at Princeton in 1870. His Pen photographs of celebrated men and noted places . . . (Toronto, 1873), reissued the following year as Ghosts and their relations . . . , contains an account of his trip to California and his experiences in the American Civil War. He is said to have written a novel, Josiah Garth, based on the 1837 rebellion, of which no copies are known. For the Caledonian Society of Toronto, he was one of the editors of Selections from Scottish Canadian poets . . . (Toronto, 1900).
A member of St Andrew’s Presbyterian Church and a president of the Caledonian and St Andrew’s societies and the Toronto branch of the Scottish Home Rule Association, Daniel Clark also contributed to many local charities, including the Salvation Army, the Hospital for Sick Children, the Home for Incurables, the homes for aged men and women, the House of Industry, and the Toronto Free Hospital for Consumptives in Weston (Toronto). Failing health prompted him to take a leave in 1903, and following his wife’s death a year later, he officially retired in 1905 at the age of 74. His last years were plagued by ill health. Chronic nephritis finally confined him to bed, and he died in June 1912. He was interred at the Forest Lawn Mausoleum in York Mills (Toronto). A memorial stone was also erected in the cemetery at Princeton.
Following the events on Geonosis, a tidal wave swept across the Galaxy as the Clone Wars began.
Many believed this war between the Republic and Separatists would be fought far from them with the faceless Clone forces engaging the equally faceless droid armies in theatre's unknown.
Here, on Enarc, in this shoreline harbour town a small Clone force is sent to show the Republic is there to protect them from rumours of a separatist incursion...
The Clone Army of the Republic was still in it’s infancy as uncertainty gripped the Galaxy. On Enarc, in this quiet Harbour town the residents believed they would be ignored in the war in favour of their neighbouring Naboo and it’s previous history. Their beliefs were mistaken.
However, due to the Jedi ranks being spread thin, the Republic sends small elite Clone forces in their place to serve as Peacekeepers and Ambassadors to the Republic. Here, in the midst of lashing wind and rain this small show of force arrives to let the residents feel at peace, safe in the protectorship of the Republic.
They are met with a reception equal to the storm around them, unwanted and unneeded. As Clone troops enter the bar they are met with hostility, the unfounded news of a Separatist plot riles the locals, fishermen and farmhands all, and the intended message of security falls short here...
The Build,
This one came about very quickly for me, which was something of a surprise as I've neer built with Clone troops before. I had an initial idea to show Clone forces parading through a market square which then turned into what you see displayed here. A backwater taverna with the Clone forces upsetting the locals through unnecessary action.
The Clone Elite force
I set this in the very early days of the Clone Wars as I thought this would best display the mistrust in a secret army suddenly appearing across the Galaxy, therefore it also made sense to make little change to the Gen1 Clone design bar necessary measures such as the Pauldron and visor’s, however, I thought in a wet and stormy locale we’d see Clone tropers appear in some degree of wet weather gear. This allowed me to design a figure with a nod to the Hawkbat battalion from the 2003 Clone Wars cartoon.
The Taverna and the town
The aim was to design an unbecoming shoreline bar that overtime had begun to be worn down by constant bad weather. The detail along the sea facing side of the building shows sign’s of wear whist the bar sign would serve as a light in the dark.
Although a bar on the ground and first floor, the second floor/attic shows the locals taking full advantage of the space and have turned this area into a hydroponic cultivation area. Lovingly tended by the ever-angry Ugnaugt gardener.
Growing up, the fishing towns I knew were not built to a plan but out of necessity with cramped streets to take full advantage of any available space and by adding the façade of the second building, my aim was to display this type of town. This second building has a few instruments looking out to sea to measure both communication and weather conditions.
In addition, I also wanted to display a semblance of a working town in this 16x16 footprint. Whilst the weather is bad, the droid work force is tasked to resume the job of fishing. The droid is based on concept artwork of the Krill fishing droids seen in the Mandalorian.
The locals are made up of people I'd assume to have come to the area out of necessity of work only. We see the Publican tending bar with a Mandalorian (an Easter Egg, here to CE!) in discussion with a local fisherman seemingly unknowing of events above as angry Ithorian takes offense to the Clone Troopers arrival.
In all, the fractured window was the first thing I designed here, and it made me immediately think of the first pages of Watchmen #1. Therefore, I added a pin hiding under the helmet of the unassuming Clone falling from the helmet as he is reintroduced to the ground beneath him.
I thought the adage “Who watches the Watchmen?” was apt here as a by-line for this build.
Thanks for taking the time to look through this!
About 250 years ago New England was in its infancy. The people who settled our country were undaunted by the task of establishing themselves as a solid working society. Woods such as Oak, White Pine, Yellow Pine and many others became the building materials that supported these colonial settlements. Present Day… While some of the Homes and Barns that were constructed all those years ago are still standing as a reminder of early Americana, others have been dismantled for various reasons. Now, some "waste not, want not" New Englanders have made plans for materials to be 'reclaimed' from these historical buildings. This is recycling at its best. Not only have these materials withstood the test of time, but they are rich in story and character. Imagine trees being cut down with two man saws, hauled to the site by horses and in some cases hand planed into boards, then built into the dwellings of the period. Having lived full lives these elemental structures are now being disassembled, lightly reprocessed and finally re-introduced as…
Explore the Homestead Sideboard and other reclaimed products at www.lyndon.com/homestead_eco_furniture_01.html
Lyndon Furniture
Lyndonville, VT
Founder of the Order of Preachers, commonly known as the Dominican Order; born at Calaroga, in Old Castile, c. 1170; died 6 August, 1221. His parents, Felix Guzman and Joanna of Aza, undoubtedly belonged to the nobility of Spain, though probably neither was connected with the reigning house of Castile, as some of the saint's biographers assert. Of Felix Guzman, personally, little is known, except that he was in every sense the worthy head of a family of saints. To nobility of blood Joanna of Aza added a nobility of soul which so enshrined her in the popular veneration that in 1828 she was solemnly beatified by Leo XII. The example of such parents was not without its effect upon their children. Not only Saint Dominic but also his brothers, Antonio and Manes, were distinguished for their extraordinary sanctity. Antonio, the eldest, became a secular priest and, having distributed his patrimony to the poor, entered a hospital where he spent his life ministering to the sick. Manes, following in the footsteps of Dominic, became a Friar Preacher, and was beatified by Gregory XVI.
The birth and infancy of the saint were attended by many marvels forecasting his heroic sanctity and great achievements in the cause of religion. From his seventh to his fourteenth year he pursued his elementary studies under the tutelage of his maternal uncle, the archpriest of Gumiel d'Izan, not far distant from Calaroga. In 1184 Saint Dominic entered the University of Palencia. Here he remained for ten years prosecuting his studies with such ardour and success that throughout the ephemeral existence of that institution he was held up to the admiration of its scholars as all that a student should be. Amid the frivolities and dissipations of a university city, the life of the future saint was characterized by seriousness of purpose and an austerity of manner which singled him out as one from whom great things might be expected in the future. But more than once he proved that under this austere exterior he carried a heart as tender as a woman's. On one occasion he sold his books, annotated with his own hand, to relieve the starving poor of Palencia. His biographer and contemporary, Bartholomew of Trent, states that twice he tried to sell himself into slavery to obtain money for the liberation of those who were held in captivity by the Moors. These facts are worthy of mention in view of the cynical and saturnine character which some non-Catholic writers have endeavoured to foist upon one of the most charitable of men. Concerning the date of his ordination his biographers are silent; nor is there anything from which that date can be inferred with any degree of certainty. According to the deposition of Brother Stephen, Prior Provincial of Lombardy, given in the process of canonization, Dominic was still a student at Palencia when Don Martin de Bazan, the Bishop of Osma, called him to membership in the cathedral chapter for the purpose of assisting in its reform. The bishop realized the importance to his plan of reform of having constantly before his canons the example of one of Dominic's eminent holiness. Nor was he disappointed in the result. In recognition of the part he had taken in converting its members into canons regular, Dominic was appointed sub-prior of the reformed chapter. On the accession of Don Diego d'Azevedo to the Bishopric of Osma in 1201, Dominic became superior of the chapter with the title of prior. As a canon of Osma, he spent nine years of his life hidden in God and rapt in contemplation, scarcely passing beyond the confines of the chapter house.
In 1203 Alfonso IX, King of Castile, deputed the Bishop of Osma to demand from the Lord of the Marches, presumably a Danish prince, the hand of his daughter on behalf of the king's son, Prince Ferdinand. For his companion on this embassy Don Diego chose Saint Dominic. Passing through Toulouse in the pursuit of their mission, they beheld with amazement and sorrow the work of spiritual ruin wrought by the Albigensian heresy. It was in the contemplation of this scene that Dominic first conceived the idea of founding an order for the purpose of combating heresy and spreading the light of the Gospel by preaching to the ends of the then known world. Their mission having ended successfully, Diego and Dominic were dispatched on a second embassy, accompanied by a splendid retinue, to escort the betrothed princess to Castile. This mission, however, was brought to a sudden close by the death of the young woman in question. The two ecclesiastics were now free to go where they would, and they set out for Rome, arriving there towards the end of 1204. The purpose of this was to enable Diego to resign his bishopric that he might devote himself to the conversion of unbelievers in distant lands. Innocent III, however, refused to approve this project, and instead sent the bishop and his companion to Languedoc to join forces with the Cistercians, to whom he had entrusted the crusade against the Albigenses. The scene that confronted them on their arrival in Languedoc was by no means an encouraging one. The Cistercians, on account of their worldly manner of living, had made little or no headway against the Albigenses. They had entered upon their work with considerable pomp, attended by a brilliant retinue, and well provided with the comforts of life. To this display of worldliness the leaders of the heretics opposed a rigid asceticism which commanded the respect and admiration of their followers. Diego and Dominic quickly saw that the failure of the Cistercian apostolate was due to the monks' indulgent habits, and finally prevailed upon them to adopt a more austere manner of life. The result was at once apparent in a greatly increased number of converts. Theological disputations played a prominent part in the propaganda of the heretics. Dominic and his companion, therefore, lost no time in engaging their opponents in this kind of theological exposition. Whenever the opportunity offered, they accepted the gage of battle. The thorough training that the saint had received at Palencia now proved of inestimable value to him in his encounters with the heretics. Unable to refute his arguments or counteract the influence of his preaching, they visited their hatred upon him by means of repeated insults and threats of physical violence. With Prouille for his head-quarters, he laboured by turns in Fanjeaux, Montpellier, Servian, Béziers, and Carcassonne. Early in his apostolate around Prouille the saint realized the necessity of an institution that would protect the women of that country from the influence of the heretics. Many of them had already embraced Albigensianism and were its most active propagandists. These women erected convents, to which the children of the Catholic nobility were often sent—for want of something better—to receive an education, and, in effect, if not on purpose, to be tainted with the spirit of heresy. It was needful, too, that women converted from heresy should be safeguarded against the evil influence of their own homes. To supply these deficiencies, Saint Dominic, with the permission of Foulques, Bishop of Toulouse, established a convent at Prouille in 1206. To this community, and afterwards to that of Saint Sixtus, at Rome, he gave the rule and constitutions which have ever since guided the nuns of the Second Order of Saint Dominic.
The year 1208 opens a new epoch in the eventful life of the founder. On 15 January of that year Pierre de Castelnau, one of the Cistercian legates, was assassinated. This abominable crime precipitated the crusade under Simon de Montfort, which led to the temporary subjugation of the heretics. Saint Dominic participated in the stirring scenes that followed, but always on the side of mercy, wielding the arms of the spirit while others wrought death and desolation with the sword. Some historians assert that during the sack of Béziers, Dominic appeared in the streets of that city, cross in hand, interceding for the lives of the women and children, the aged and the infirm. This testimony, however, is based upon documents which Touron regards as certainly apocryphal. The testimony of the most reliable historians tends to prove that the saint was neither in the city nor in its vicinity when Béziers was sacked by the crusaders. We find him generally during this period following the Catholic army, reviving religion and reconciling heretics in the cities that had capitulated to, or had been taken by, the victorious de Montfort. It was probably 1 September, 1209, that Saint Dominic first came in contact with Simon de Montfort and formed with him that intimate friendship which was to last till the death of the brave crusader under the walls of Toulouse (25 June, 1218). We find him by the side of de Montfort at the siege of Lavaur in 1211, and again in 1212, at the capture of La Penne d'Ajen. In the latter part of 1212 he was at Pamiers labouring, at the invitation of de Montfort, for the restoration of religion and morality. Lastly, just before the battle of Muret, 12 September, 1213, the saint is again found in the council that preceded the battle. During the progress of the conflict, he knelt before the altar in the church of Saint-Jacques, praying for the triumph of the Catholic arms. So remarkable was the victory of the crusaders at Muret that Simon de Montfort regarded it as altogether miraculous, and piously attributed it to the prayers of Saint Dominic. In gratitude to God for this decisive victory, the crusader erected a chapel in the church of Saint-Jacques, which he dedicated, it is said, to Our Lady of the Rosary. It would appear, therefore, that the devotion of the Rosary, which tradition says was revealed to Saint Dominic, had come into general use about this time. To this period, too, has been ascribed the foundation of the Inquisition by Saint Dominic, and his appointment as the first Inquisitor. As both these much controverted questions will receive special treatment elsewhere in this work, it will suffice for our present purpose to note that the Inquisition was in operation in 1198, or seven years before the saint took part in the apostolate in Languedoc, and while he was still an obscure canon regular at Osma. If he was for a certain time identified with the operations of the Inquisition, it was only in the capacity of a theologian passing upon the orthodoxy of the accused. Whatever influence he may have had with the judges of that much maligned institution was always employed on the side of mercy and forbearance, as witness the classic case of Ponce Roger.
In the meantime, the saint's increasing reputation for heroic sanctity, apostolic zeal, and profound learning caused him to be much sought after as a candidate for various bishoprics. Three distinct efforts were made to raise him to the episcopate. In July, 1212, the chapter of Béziers chose him for their bishop. Again, the canons of Saint-Lizier wished him to succeed Garcias de l'Orte as Bishop of Comminges. Lastly, in 1215 an effort was made by Garcias de l'Orte himself, who had been transferred from Comminges to Auch, to make him Bishop of Navarre. But Saint Dominic absolutely refused all episcopal honours, saying that he would rather take flight in the night, with nothing but his staff, than accept the episcopate. From Muret Dominic returned to Carcassonne, where he resumed his preaching with unqualified success. It was not until 1214 that he returned to Toulouse. In the meantime the influence of his preaching and the eminent holiness of his life had drawn around him a little band of devoted disciples eager to follow wherever he might lead. Saint Dominic had never for a moment forgotten his purpose, formed eleven years before, of founding a religious order to combat heresy and propagate religious truth. The time now seemed opportune for the realization of his plan. With the approval of Bishop Foulques of Toulouse, he began the organization of his little band of followers. That Dominic and his companions might possess a fixed source of revenue Foulques made him chaplain of Fanjeaux and in July, 1215, canonically established the community as a religious congregation of his diocese, whose mission was the propagation of true doctrine and good morals, and the extirpation of heresy. During this same year Pierre Seilan, a wealthy citizen of Toulouse, who had placed himself under the direction of Saint Dominic, put at their disposal his own commodious dwelling. In this way the first convent of the Order of Preachers was founded on 25 April, 1215. But they dwelt here only a year when Foulques established them in the church of Saints Romanus. Though the little community had proved amply the need of its mission and the efficiency of its service to the Church, it was far from satisfying the full purpose of its founder. It was at best but a diocesan congregation, and Saint Dominic had dreamed of a world-order that would carry its apostolate to the ends of the earth. But, unknown to the saint, events were shaping themselves for the realization of his hopes. In November, 1215, an ecumenical council was to meet at Rome "to deliberate on the improvement of morals, the extinction of heresy, and the strengthening of the faith". This was identically the mission Saint Dominic had determined on for his order. With the Bishop of Toulouse, he was present at the deliberations of this council. From the very first session it seemed that events conspired to bring his plans to a successful issue. The council bitterly arraigned the bishops for their neglect of preaching. In canon X they were directed to delegate capable men to preach the word of God to the people. Under these circumstances, it would reasonably appear that Dominic's request for confirmation of an order designed to carry out the mandates of the council would be joyfully granted. But while the council was anxious that these reforms should be put into effect as speedily as possible, it was at the same time opposed to the institution of any new religious orders, and had legislated to that effect in no uncertain terms. Moreover, preaching had always been looked upon as primarily a function of the episcopate. To bestow this office on an unknown and untried body of simple priests seemed too original and too bold in its conception to appeal to the conservative prelates who influenced the deliberations of the council. When, therefore, his petition for the approbation of his infant institute was refused, it could not have been wholly unexpected by Saint Dominic.
Returning to Languedoc at the close of the council in December, 1215, the founder gathered about him his little band of followers and informed them of the wish of the council that there should be no new rules for religious orders. Thereupon they adopted the ancient rule of Saint Augustine, which, on account of its generality, would easily lend itself to any form they might wish to give it. This done, Saint Dominic again appeared before the pope in the month of August, 1216, and again solicited the confirmation of his order. This time he was received more favourably, and on 22 December, 1216, the Bull of confirmation was issued.
Saint Dominic spent the following Lent preaching in various churches in Rome, and before the pope and the papal court. It was at this time that he received the office and title of Master of the Sacred Palace, or Pope's Theologian, as it is more commonly called. This office has been held uninterruptedly by members of the order from the founder's time to the present day. On 15 August, 1217, he gathered the brethren about him at Prouille to deliberate on the affairs of the order. He had determined upon the heroic plan of dispersing his little band of seventeen unformed followers over all Europe. The result proved the wisdom of an act which, to the eye of human prudence at least, seemed little short of suicidal. To facilitate the spread of the order, Honorius III, on 11 Feb., 1218, addressed a Bull to all archbishops, bishops, abbots, and priors, requesting their favour on behalf of the Order of Preachers. By another Bull, dated 3 Dec., 1218, Honorius III bestowed upon the order the church of Saint Sixtus in Rome. Here, amid the tombs of the Appian Way, was founded the first monastery of the order in Rome. Shortly after taking possession of Saint Sixtus, at the invitation of Honorius, Saint Dominic began the somewhat difficult task of restoring the pristine observance of religious discipline among the various Roman communities of women. In a comparatively short time the work was accomplished, to the great satisfaction of the pope. His own career at the University of Palencia, and the practical use to which he had put it in his encounters with the Albigenses, as well as his keen appreciation of the needs of the time, convinced the saint that to ensure the highest efficiency of the work of the apostolate, his followers should be afforded the best educational advantages obtainable. It was for this reason that on the dispersal of the brethren at Prouille he dispatched Matthew of France and two companions to Paris. A foundation was made in the vicinity of the university, and the friars took possession in October, 1217. Matthew of France was appointed superior, and Michael de Fabra was placed in charge of the studies with the title of Lecturer. On 6 August of the following year, Jean de Barastre, dean of Saint-Quentin and professor of theology, bestowed on the community the hospice of Saint-Jaques, which he had built for his own use. Having effected a foundation at the University of Paris, Saint Dominic next determined upon a settlement at the University of Bologna. Bertrand of Garrigua, who had been summoned from Paris, and John of Navarre, set out from Rome, with letters from Pope Honorius, to make the desired foundation. On their arrival at Bologna, the church of Santa Maria della Mascarella was placed at their disposal. So rapidly did the Roman community of Saint Sixtus grow that the need of more commodious quarters soon became urgent. Honorius, who seemed to delight in supplying every need of the order and furthering its interests to the utmost of his power, met the emergency by bestowing on Saint Dominic the basilica of Santa Sabina.
Towards the end of 1218, having appointed Reginald of Orléans his vicar in Italy, the saint, accompanied by several of his brethren, set out for Spain. Bologna, Prouille, Toulouse, and Fanjeaux were visited on the way. From Prouille two of the brethren were sent to establish a convent at Lyons. Segovia was reached just before Christmas. In February of the following year he founded the first monastery of the order in Spain. Turning southward, he established a convent for women at Madrid, similar to the one at Prouille. It is quite probable that on this journey he personally presided over the erection of a convent in connexion with his alma mater, the University of Palencia. At the invitation of the Bishop of Barcelona, a house of the order was established in that city. Again bending his steps towards Rome he recrossed the Pyrenees and visited the foundations at Toulouse and Paris. During his stay in the latter place he caused houses to be erected at Limoges, Metz, Reims, Poitiers, and Orléans, which in a short time became centres of Dominican activity. From Paris he directed his course towards Italy, arriving in Bologna in July, 1219. Here he devoted several months to the religious formation of the brethren he found awaiting him, and then, as at Prouille, dispersed them over Italy. Among the foundations made at this time were those at Bergamo, Asti, Verona, Florence, Brescia, and Faenza. From Bologna he went to Viterbo. His arrival at the papal court was the signal for the showering of new favours on the order. Notable among these marks of esteem were many complimentary letters addressed by Honorius to all those who had assisted the Fathers in their vinous foundations. In March of this same year Honorius, through his representatives, bestowed upon the order the church of San Eustorgio in Milan. At the same time a foundation at Viterbo was authorized. On his return to Rome, towards the end of 1219, Dominic sent out letters to all the convents announcing the first general chapter of the order, to be held at Bologna on the feast of the following Pentecost. Shortly before, Honorius III, by a special Brief, had conferred upon the founder the title of Master General, which till then he had held only by tacit consent. At the very first session of the chapter in the following spring the saint startled his brethren by offering his resignation as master general. It is needless to say the resignation was not accepted and the founder remained at the head of the institute till the end of his life.
Soon after the close of the chapter of Bologna, Honorius III addressed letters to the abbeys and priories of San Vittorio, Sillia, Mansu, Floria, Vallombrosa, and Aquila, ordering that several of their religious be deputed to begin, under the leadership of Saint Dominic, a preaching crusade in Lombardy, where heresy had developed alarming proportions. For some reason or other the plans of the pope were never realized. The promised support failing, Dominic, with a little band of his own brethren, threw himself into the field, and, as the event proved, spent himself in an effort to bring back the heretics to their allegiance to the Church. It is said that 100,000 unbelievers were converted by the preaching and the miracles of the saint. According to Lacordaire and others, it was during his preaching in Lombardy that the saint instituted the Militia of Jesus Christ, or the third order, as it is commonly called, consisting of men and women living in the world, to protect the rights and property of the Church. Towards the end of 1221 Saint Dominic returned to Rome for the sixth and last time. Here he received many new and valuable concessions for the order. In January, February, and March of 1221 three consecutive Bulls were issued commending the order to all the prelates of the Church. The thirtieth of May, 1221, found him again at Bologna presiding over the second general chapter of the order. At the close of the chapter he set out for Venice to visit Cardinal Ugolino, to whom he was especially indebted for many substantial acts of kindness. He had scarcely returned to Bologna when a fatal illness attacked him. He died after three weeks of sickness, the many trials of which he bore with heroic patience. In a Bull dated at Spoleto, 13 July, 1234, Gregory IX made his cult obligatory throughout the Church.
The life of St. Dominic was one of tireless effort in the, service of God. While he journeyed from place to place he prayed and preached almost uninterruptedly. His penances were of such a nature as to cause the brethren, who accidentally discovered them, to fear the effect upon his life. While his charity was boundless he never permitted it to interfere with the stern sense of duty that guided every action of his life. If he abominated heresy and laboured untiringly for its extirpation it was because he loved truth and loved the souls of those among whom he laboured. He never failed to distinguish between sin and the sinner. It is not to be wondered at, therefore, if this athlete of Christ, who had conquered himself before attempting the reformation of others, was more than once chosen to show forth the power of God. The failure of the fire at Fanjeaux to consume the dissertation he had employed against the heretics, and which was thrice thrown into the flames; the raising to life of Napoleone Orsini; the appearance of the annals in the refectory of Saint Sixtus in response to his prayers, are but a few of the supernatural happenings by which God was pleased to attest the eminent holiness of His servant. We are not surprised, therefore, that, after signing the Bull of canonization on 13 July, 1234, Gregory IX declared that he no more doubted the saintliness of Saint Dominic than he did that of Saint Peter and Saint Paul.
Portrait of Edna Amos Nice
•Artist: Stanislav Rembski (1896-1998)
•Title: Edna Amos Nice (1882-1955)
•Date: 1961
•Medium: Oil on Canvas
•Dimensions: 40 × 32"
•Accession Number: MSA SC 1545-1203
Edna Viola Amos Nice (1882-1955)
MSA SC 3520-2299
First Lady of Maryland, 1935-1939
•Born: April 14, 1882 in Baltimore, Maryland
•Amos Family Home: Baltimore, Maryland
•Marriage: June 8, 1905 to Governor Harry W. Nice
•Children: Harry, Jr. and William (who died in infancy)
•Second Marriage: Widowed on February 24, 1941, Married Waitman F. Zinn
•Died: March 11, 1955 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida
•Buried: Greenmount Cemetery in Baltimore, Maryland
Edna Viola Amos was born in Baltimore on April 14, 1882. She attended public schools and “The Girls’ Latin School.” Between 1901 and 1904 the family lived in Atlanta, Georgia; they moved back to Baltimore in 1904. On June 7, 1905, Edna married Harry W. Nice, to whom she had gotten engaged before the move to Atlanta. The couple had two children: Harry W. Nice, Jr., and William, who lived only one year.
“You may be quite sure there will be plenty of social life with us in the Governor’s Mansion; we’ve always been fond of company. We like informal entertaining,” Mrs. Nice remarked in an interview with The Evening Capital shortly after assuming her role as First Lady of Maryland. Maryland once again had an official state hostess in Mrs. Nice; the state had been without one since the death of Governor Ritchie’s mother several years before the end of his term. Mrs. Nice increased the number of formal occasions and receptions at Government House and the number of staff persons in the house along with them. She preferred to do her own daily shopping and was seen frequenting the Annapolis shops and grocery stores in the mornings. Although a cook who had been with the Nice household for 17 years accompanied the Nices to Annapolis, Mrs. Nice also enjoyed using the kitchen of the newly-remodeled governor’s mansion to do her own cooking for herself, Governor Nice and Harry, Jr.
Mrs. Nice had few hobbies, most of which centered around her home. “I love my flowers. I love my car. I love my home, and my husband most of all. I’m not a club woman. I don’t play golf and I’m not fond of bridge. Frequently when my husband is busy with meetings at night I take in the movies,” declared Mrs. Nice. Before Nice’s election as governor, Mrs. Nice enjoyed driving her husband to work every day from their home in Mount Washington to his Baltimore law office. She and her husband enjoyed traveling, and she did all of the driving on their many trips around the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.
Mrs. Nice spent much of her first two years as Maryland’s First Lady supervising the renovation of Government House from a dilapidated mid-Victorian house into the Georgian structure that is seen today. Mrs. Nice took an active role in the project, planning the alterations in the interior along with her husband, supervising the removal of dead trees from the property, interviewing decorators and accepting bids on interior work, choosing color schemes and fabrics for draperies and the reupholstering of furniture, and seeing to the finishing touches. After the house was complete, Mrs. Nice planned and planted a garden for the grounds in which she grew phlox, Shasta daisies, lilies, and roses. She also added a fish pond and stocked it with goldfish, a diamond back terrapin, a turtle, and a frog.
A highlight of Mrs. Nice’s term as First Lady was the visit of President Franklin D. Roosevelt to Government House for tea on a stop from his speaking tour through Maryland in the fall of 1938 on behalf of candidates for the U.S. congress. Although Roosevelt and Nice belonged to different political parties, President Roosevelt spent an hour or two with Governor and Mrs. Nice at Government House, during which the two politicians were reported to have had a friendly discussion on a first-name basis. This was not the first gathering of the Nices and Roosevelts, as Governor and Mrs. Nice had been guests of the Roosevelts at the White House shortly after Nice assumed office in January 1935 and had lunched on the presidential yacht Sequoia when President and Mrs. Roosevelt had come to Annapolis that spring to watch the Navy and Harvard rowing races on the Severn River.
One of Mrs. Nice’s fondest memories was said to have been a dinner party given by friends several years preceding the start of her husband’s governorship during which he paid her the following tribute:
“For nearly twenty years it has been my pleasing and wholesome privilege to have had, as the companion of my heart and soul, one, whose purity of mind and simplicity of love and affection has ever rendered my anticipation sublime. To me, twenty-five years ago, she appeared like a young rapt saint, exuding the faint and intoxicating perfume of pure womanliness; her beauty broke on me like some rare flower; her glory was the glory of the lily; her loveliness was the loveliness of the full blown rose, which so flushed her brow that it radiated the refulgent rays of womanly virtue, unimpeachable character and a heart of gold.
“The years have vanished like snow when comes the thaw. Like the disappearing May snow drifts they have sunk into the past, and have become as shadowy faces, which we see in our dreams, and which pass as petals upon a swift moving stream. All of these virtues she has retained to an emphasized and marked degree. Her caresses, as then, are as soft as the down of the turtle dove; her love still falls about, and on me, like a sweet rain; something divine seems to cling around her like a sweet, subtle vapor which steals lingering on the placid bosom of a beautiful lake. Her loyal, loving presence has ever been my beacon; guiding and strengthening me in the dark hours of sorrow, filling me with joy and happiness in my moments of prosperity, ever, and always, my incentive to better things. The poverty of my language forbids an attempt at expression of my real love, gratitude, and respect. I can only say I love her; she is my heartease, my life with her has been sweeter than the honey in the honey-comb; her voice is like sweet music; her face like unto the angels; her eyes flashing with sunbeams, smiling a divine delight into my soul; and until death shall claim me as her very own, I pledge her unabated, undying love, fidelity and respect.
May the gathering glory of her life shine like the dawn; may her days be as long and as happy as the waves that dance on the sea; may her patient, sweet disposition ever fill my weary hours, shining upon me with the brilliance of the stars always unutterably bright, as they move like silver barques upon the azure sea of heaven, may it fall upon me like a ray of light from a heaven of peace.
“Surrounded by you, my friends, I welcome this opportunity to thus publicly pay tribute to My Love, and before presenting this intrinsic evidence of my affection, I ask you to join me in drinking to the health of her, whose holy love has like some vestal flame, burned into my soul and left its indelible impress upon my heart—to my wife.”
Portrait of Mary Byrnes O’Conor
•Artist: Stanislav Rembski (1896-1998)
•Title: Mary Byrnes O’Conor (1896-1971)
•Date: 1961
•Medium: Oil on Canvas
•Dimensions: 40 × 32"
•Accession Number: MSA SC 1545-1204
Eugenia Byrnes O’Conor (1896-1971)
MSA SC 3520-2289
First Lady of Maryland, 1939-1947
•Born: December 24, 1896 in Baltimore, Maryland
•Mother: Catherine Hawkins Byrnes
•Father: James Byrnes
•Byrnes Family Home: Baltimore, Maryland
•Marriage: November 24, 1920 to Governor Herbert R. O’Conor
•Children: Herbert, Jr., Eugene, Mary Patricia, James, Robert
•Died: October 11, 1971 in Baltimore, Maryland
•Burial: Cathedral Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Mary Eugenia Byrnes O’Conor was the wife of Herbert R. O’Conor, the fifty-first governor of Maryland serving in office from 1939-1947. Known as Eugenia, she met Herbert in the spring of 1911 at St. John’s Catholic Church in Baltimore when she was only twelve and he just fourteen years old. Herbert and Eugenia maintained their friendship throughout their teens and through Herbert’s term in the Navy Reserves during the last stages of World War I. The two became active members of the Loyola Club, a Catholic social club for young singles that held dances, performed plays and sponsored musical events. Herbert graduated from the University of Maryland Law School in June, 1920, and although his parents would have preferred that he was better established in his law career before getting married, Herbert and Eugenia set the date for November 24, 1920, and the two were married at St. Philip and St. James Church in Baltimore. The O’Conors would eventually have five children: Herbert, Jr., Eugene, Mary (O’Conor) Farley, James, and Robert.
During her eight-year tenure as First Lady of Maryland, Mrs. O’Conor led an active home life as a mother while maintaining a full schedule in her capacity as wife of Maryland’s governor. At the beginning of the first O’Conor administration in 1939, the five children ranged in age from sixteen to three. Four of the children attended school in Baltimore, and Mrs. O’Conor spent a lot of time driving them back and forth between Baltimore and Annapolis. At the same time, she held at least two series’ of receptions at Government House that were open to the public, and was active in the Democratic Women’s Clubs of Annapolis and Baltimore, hosting members of the clubs for tea at Government House. In 1943, Mrs. O’Conor served as one of the hostesses for the “President’s Ball” in Annapolis, the proceeds of which went to fund polio research. The O’Conors continued the tradition of holding formal receptions for members of the General Assembly and their friends at Government House, attended by more than 1,000 people at a time. They hosted Naval Academy officials for dinner at the house and held several fund-raising events in the house to support such causes as improvements to the local hospital and to the new Ritchie Highway.
The O’Conor administration paralleled the war in Europe and America’s entry into World War II. Mrs. O’Conor supported the war effort by donating blood and by serving as a patron along with her husband for fund-raisers for the benefit of the National War Fund and for general war relief. The O’Conors also held a special reception at Government House for servicemen stationed at Fort Meade.
As First Lady of Maryland, Mrs. O’Conor became “noted for her skills as a hostess, entertaining a wide variety of diplomats and royalty in Government House” including the royal family of Luxembourg, the exiled president of Lithuania, the Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark, British Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden, and the Duke and Duchess of Windsor. In June, 1939, the O’Conors attended a garden party given at the British Embassy in Washington, D.C. by King George and Queen Elizabeth of England. The O’Conors occasionally attended events in Washington, D.C. such as teas and luncheons with congressmen and cabinet members of the Roosevelt administration and their families. In May, 1940, Eugenia was a guest along with Herbert and a few others at the Maryland home of Under-Secretary of State Sumner Welles, where she enjoyed a friendly chat with President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In spite of her full social calendar and her active work on behalf of public causes, her oldest son Herbert O’Conor, Jr. remarked upon her death in October, 1971 that “her favorite place was at home, close to her family.”
Portrait of Dorothy Byron Lane
•Artist: Stanislav Rembski (1896-1998)
•Title: Dorothy Byron Lane (1897-1993)
•Date: 1961
•Medium: Oil on Canvas
•Dimensions: 40 × 32"
•Accession Number: MSA SC 1545-1184
Dorothy Byron Lane (1896-1993)
MSA SC 3520-2290
First Lady of Maryland, 1947-1951
•Born: August 9, 1896 in Mercersburg, Pennsylvania
•Mother: Virginia Brewer Byron
•Father: Lewis T. Byron
•Byron Family Home: Mercersburg, Pennsylvania and Hagerstown, Maryland
•Marriage: January 17, 1922 to William Preston Lane, Jr.
•Children: Dorothy Lane Campbell, Jean Lane Goddard
•Lane Family Home: Hagerstown, Maryland
•Died: January 29, 1993 in Hagerstown, Maryland
Dorothy Byron, daughter of Lewis T. and Virginia Brewer Byron, was born in Mercersburg, Pennsylvania in 1896. When she was two years old, the family moved to Hagerstown, Maryland where they lived across the street from the Lane family. William Preston (“Pres”) Lane, Jr. was four years her senior, and the two married on January 17, 1922. The house they purchased in 1925 in Hagerstown served as their permanent residence for all but their four years in Annapolis. The couple had two daughters, Dorothy and Jean.
As First Lady of Maryland, Mrs. Lane made few changes to Government House. She was an avid gardener and her daily routine included placing fresh flowers in the various rooms in order to add her own personal touch to the house. Her other interests included playing golf as well as attending operas and symphonies. She was a member of the Hagerstown Garden Club, Arts and Letters Club, and Women’s Club.
Known as “shy” and “self-effacing,” and described as “uncomfortable in public,” Mrs. Lane nevertheless campaigned with her husband and invited visitors to Government House during her tenure as First Lady. “I really love to receive groups here, particularly groups of children,” reported Mrs. Lane. “It’s an impressive and historic house, and I think it makes an impression on children.”
In 1947 a controversy arose around Mrs. Lane when rumors began circulating that she was personally benefiting from the state sales tax that her husband had supported and had pushed through the legislature. “It’s very disheartening when you are so careful with expenditures to hear the rumor that the sales tax paid for your daughter’s wedding,” she said. Her older daughter Dorothy reported that, “Mother is a worrier and terribly conscientious. She really takes her job seriously, and I know she’s often hurt by the rough and tumble of politics.” Mrs. Lane proved to be fiscally conservative, however, and reported at the end of her tenure as First Lady that she had saved enough money from the housekeeping allowance to buy an eighteenth-century portrait of Horatio Sharpe (Governor of Maryland from 1753 to 1769) and his family from the Vose Galleries in Boston. The portrait was presented to the state in 1951 and now hangs in the Government House dining room.
In 1973 Mrs. Lane cut the ribbon opening the second span of the William Preston Lane, Jr. Memorial Bridge across the Chesapeake Bay, named after her husband following his death in 1967. Her later years were spent quietly in her Hagerstown home that she had once shared with her husband. It was there that she died in 1993 at the age of ninety-six.
Portrait of Honolulu Claire Manzer McKeldin
•Artist: Stanislav Rembski (1896-1998)
•Title: Honolulu McKeldin (1900-1988)
•Date: 1961
•Medium: Oil on Canvas
•Dimensions: 40 × 32"
•Accession Number: MSA SC 1545-1188
Honolulu Claire Manzer McKeldin (1900-1988)
MSA SC 3520-2291
First Lady of Maryland, 1951-1959
•Born: January 26, 1900 in Sidney Center, New York
•Mother: Maud F. Manzer
•Father: Merton G. Manzer
•Siblings: Janet and Helen Manzer
•Manzer Family Home: Sidney Center, New York and Baltimore, Maryland
•Religious Affiliation: Episcopal Church of the Redeemer
•Marriage: October 17, 1924 to Governor Theodore R. McKeldin
•Children: Theodore, Jr. and Clara Whitney Ziegler
•McKeldin Family Home: 203 Paddington Rd., Homeland
•Died: August 8, 1988 in Homeland, Maryland
•Burial: Greenmount Cemtery, Baltimore, Maryland
Honolulu Claire Manzer McKeldin was the wife of Theodore R. McKeldin (1900-1974), the fifty-third governor of Maryland, serving in office from 1951-1959. She was born in Binghamton, New York and graduated from the Maryland Institute in Costume Design. Mrs. McKeldin met her future husband while they were both working in a bank in Baltimore. They were married on October 17, 1924, during his last year in law school. They settled into an unassuming home in a quiet area of Baltimore, where they lived for most of their married lives. The McKeldins had two children, Theodore R. McKeldin, Jr., and Clara Whitney (McKeldin) Zeigler.
During her husband’s term as Mayor of Baltimore from 1943-1947, Mrs. McKeldin served as a nutritionist for the Red Cross and worked regularly in the annual Flower Mart of the Women’s Civic League. A prize-winning gardener, she also enjoyed drawing and painting still lifes and landscapes.
Upon becoming First Lady of Maryland in 1951, Mrs. McKeldin asserted in an interview with The Evening Capital that she while she anticipated an enjoyable tenure in Annapolis, she planned to avoid the “public eye” and focus her energies on her home and family (Teddy was 14 and Clara 11 when the family moved into Government House). “When your husband is in politics,” she said, “I think it’s just as well for the wife to keep in the background and let him do all the talking. That way she can’t make any mistakes for him.”
One would not have guessed, however, that this was her intention judging by the list of activities with which Mrs. McKeldin became involved while in Annapolis. She was an honorary member of the Naval Academy Women’s Club and frequently attended its meetings; on one such occasion she received First Lady Mamie Eisenhower when she made the trip from Washington, D.C. to Annapolis in order to address the members of the Club. Mrs. McKeldin’s other memberships included the Women’s Division of the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra, the Women’s Auxiliary to the Salvation Army, the Women’s Civic League of Baltimore, the Women’s Auxiliary to Anne Arundel General Hospital, the Empty Stocking Club, the Free Arts Club, and the Homeland Garden Club, where she served as treasurer.
In April, 1952, Governor and Mrs. McKeldin took a month-long trip to Europe and the Middle East in which they combined business with pleasure. During that trip, the McKeldins lunched with General and Mrs. Eisenhower at their villa outside Paris, met Pope Pius XII in Rome and spent Easter in Jerusalem. While in Israel, the McKeldins took a day trip to the mines at Elath, near the Red Sea. In order to get there, they had to endure a bumpy jeep ride over twenty-five miles of sand, which Mrs. McKeldin weathered while dressed for a tea planned for later that day, holding on to her hat and trying not to bounce out of the jeep. “Now I’ve seen everything,” declared Mrs. McKeldin to The Evening Capital upon her return to Annapolis.
Another highlight of Mrs. McKeldin’s term as First Lady of Maryland was the visit to Annapolis on November 8, 1954 of Queen Elizabeth of England, the Queen Mother. The McKeldins escorted the Queen Mother in a tour of colonial Annapolis that included the State House, St. Anne’s Church, and the Naval Academy. Local schools closed early to permit schoolchildren to join the thousands of Annapolitans who lined the streets to catch a glimpse of the Queen Mother as she and the McKeldins greeted the crowds. The McKeldins then enjoyed traditional Maryland fare at a luncheon with the queen and her entourage in Government House.
A collector of old jewelry and antiques, Mrs. McKeldin enjoyed attending antique shows with her husband. As First Lady, Mrs. McKeldin acquired several pieces of silver for Government House, including a tea and coffee service currently displayed in the State Dining Room.
Portrait of Helen Avalynne Gibson Tawes
•Artist: Stanislav Rembski (1896-1998)
•Title: Helen Avalynne Gibson Tawes (1898-1989)
•Date: 1961
•Medium: Oil on Canvas
•Dimensions: 40 × 32"
•Accession Number: MSA SC 1545-1217
Helen Avalynne Gibson Tawes (1898-1989)
MSA SC 3520-2292
First Lady of Maryland, 1959-1967
•Born: October 9, 1898
•Gibson Family Home: Crisfield, Maryland
•Religious Affiliation: Ashbury United Methodist Church, Crisfield
•Marriage: December 25, 1915 to Governor J. Millard Tawes in Fruitland
•Children: Philip W. and Jimmie Lee
•Died: July 17, 1989
•Burial Place: Sunny Ridge Memorial Park, Crisfield, Maryland
Helen Avalynne Gibson, daughter of Minerva Amerinth and Oliver P. Gibson, was born in Crisfield, Maryland on October 9, 1898. The last of nine children, she became known as “Lou” to her closest companions and as “Miss Avalynne” to many other admirers. As a young girl, Helen studied piano and voice at the Peabody Institute. Although she lived the majority of her life in Crisfield, her years as a student at the Peabody were spent with her family in Mt. Washington, Baltimore. During her education, she was asked to showcase her musical talents by performing live on a Salisbury radio program. Helen continued her interest in music throughout her life, and was often found at her electric organ when the first family was entertaining at Government House during the Tawes administration. She also was a longstanding member the choir of Crisfield’s Asbury Methodist Church. In addition to her personal artistic endeavors, Mrs. Tawes was also an active patron of local cultural programs. She was a member of the Baltimore Opera Guild as well as the Women’s Symphony Organization, the Baltimore Music Club, and the Women’s Organization of the Salvation Army. When she was in Baltimore she enjoyed attending the concerts of the Baltimore Symphony, and invited friends from Annapolis and Baltimore to share the Governor’s box with her.
At the age of sixteen, Helen met J. Millard Tawes on a hayride. He was the twenty-year-old son of Alice Byrd and James B. Tawes of Crisfield. The two were married about a year later on Christmas Day, 1915, in a secret ceremony at a Methodist Church in Fruitland; they eloped because they believed that their parents would not approve of her marrying at the young age of seventeen. The two lived apart at their parents’ homes for two weeks before Helen’s older sister Oneida discovered the marriage license in a drawer and told everyone about it. Years later, Helen described the elopement as “the most romantic thing I ever did in my life.” Millard and Helen had two children, daughter Jimmie Lee and son Philip Wesley. The family lived in Crisfield in a house that Millard built right next door to his parent’s home. The Tawes lived in this home for their entire married lives, except for the years spent in Annapolis during Governor Tawes’ administration.
Millard Tawes’ political career began in the 1930s when he was elected Clerk of the Somerset County Circuit Court. He later became State Comptroller as well as a State Banking Commissioner. He won the governorship of Maryland in 1958, an office which he held for eight years. Mrs. Tawes had been an enthusiastic participant in Millard’s campaign for governor, handing out a pamphlet of her favorite Maryland recipes along with the campaign literature. Later expanded into a best-selling cookbook entitled My Favorite Maryland Recipes, the recipe collection revealed her family secrets for preparing traditional Maryland delicacies such as blue crabs, terrapin, and oysters. In addition to the recipes, she also shared her personal cooking philosophies which included using simple seasonings in order to prevent overpowering the true taste of the dish and always shucking your own oysters to make sure the shell is removed properly.
Mrs. Tawes’ recipes became famous outside the boundaries of the state after being served in the Maryland Pavilion at the 1964 World’s Fair in New York. Among the dishes offered was her fast food version of a crab cake, called a “crab-burger.” Her cooking abilities apparently became world renowned, since she personally took over Government House’s kitchen in order to cook a special crock of terrapin soup to send to Sir Winston Churchill in London for which England’s former Prime Minister sent a grateful letter of appreciation. Mrs. Tawes’ efforts to popularize Maryland cuisine culminated in 1964 when the House of Delegates drafted a resolution to recognize her success and to commend her for promoting Maryland as “the land of fine food.”
In addition to her culinary pursuits, Mrs. Tawes also worked to make a positive difference in public affairs. She worked with former First Lady Lady Bird Johnson on the Head Start program. She joined with the Maryland Federation of Women’s Clubs to educate the public on civil defense home preparedness, receiving the club’s Home Preparedness Award for her efforts to use Government House as a model for safe homes across the state. She secured the approval of the legislature to hang portraits of former first ladies in Government House, and began the publication of a pamphlet on the history of the House.
Tawes also shared her husband’s avid interest in environmental conservation. During his administration, Governor Tawes not only made Assateague Island a national park, but also doubled the area of land covered by the state parks system. Reflecting Mrs. Tawes interest in educating the public about the rich diversity of Maryland, in 1975 she broke ground on a six-acre garden, named in her honor, at the Tawes State Office Building in Annapolis. This garden was designed cooperatively by the Federated Garden Clubs of Maryland, the Department of Natural Resources, and the Department of General Services, to showcase the harmony inherent in the various state landscapes including the mountains of the West and the beaches of the Eastern Shore.
Perhaps Mrs. Tawes is most noteworthy, especially in the context of this study, because of her own personal interest in Maryland’s First Ladies. In an interview with the local press, Mrs. Tawes remarked that “a governor’s wife comes here and she works like a dog. I just feel that they get so little credit, some recognition would be nice.” To remedy what she felt was a glaring omission in the state’s history, during her tenure at Government House, she commissioned official portraits of the last five women to occupy the post. In addition to the portrait of herself, Mrs. Tawes hired Baltimore artist Stanislav Rembski to paint Honolulu McKeldin, Dorothy Lane, Eugenia O’Conor, and the late Edna Viola Amos Nice Zinn. The Maryland General Assembly granted Mrs. Tawes ten thousand dollars from the state’s general emergency fund to complete the paintings. With these portraits, Mrs. Tawes not only succeeded in preserving the images of five First Ladies, but she also elevated their position as a whole. Due to her efforts, it is now customary for the First Lady or Official Hostess to have an official portrait made, just like the governor. Inspired by Mrs. Tawes’ sentiments, current First Lady Frances Hughes Glendening, with the assistance of the Maryland State Archives, created an exhibit of the thirteen First Ladies’ portraits from the state’s collection. These portraits now adorn the walls of Government House, and the Archives is seeking out other paintings to complete the collection.
After their tenure in Annapolis, the Tawes family moved back to their Crisfield home. Both Mr. and Mrs. Tawes remained active and visible members of their community. Mr. Tawes continued serving in the state government in the Department of Natural Resources and after his retirement continued to work two or three days a week in an office in Crisfield. After his death in 1979, Mrs. Tawes remained a widow and continued to live in their Crisfield home until her death at the age of ninety on July 17, 1989.
The Cumberland University graduate was a devoted husband and father, a member of the Methodist Church, devout Bible reader and a gentleman who was respected by all. An attorney, he was an eloquent speaker who used his gift well as a politician. He ran for three political offices: state representative, governor and Congress winning the former and latter races.
Above all, he was resolute in his belief that the Union should not divide and dissolve into civil war. Yet, when the Southern states seceded, he cast his lot with Tennessee, and, eventually, the Confederacy, a decision that cost his life.
Robert Hopkins Hatton was born Nov. 2, 1826, in Youngstown or Steubenville, Ohio, to Robert Clopton Hatton, a Methodist Episcopal minister, and his wife Margaret. The couple had six children, two who died in infancy. Young Robert began school at six in Alleghany City, Pa., and the family moved to Nashville in 1835 when he was eight. In 1837 the Hattons relocated to a farm in the Beech Grove community of Sumner County. While his father preached in Gallatin and later clerked and taught school, the boy worked on the farm, enjoyed hunting foxes with his dogs and studying in school. In the fall of 1845, Cumberland University allowed an 18-year-old Hatton to enter the junior class. Two years later he graduated with his class of four in June 1847.
Helping relay the story of Hatton from this point will be Martin Frost, 61, a Lebanon resident who is semiretired from Kimbro Oil Company as an accountant and chief financial officer and who has been portraying General Hatton since 1998. “I first heard of Hatton the first year I was here in 1984 as we drove around the square. I asked who the General was on the top of the Confederate monument,” said Frost, a member of the Sons of Confederate Veterans, the Robert H. Hatton Camp #723, which was named in memory and honor of Hatton.
Frost proceeded to study the General's life and then was asked to play Hatton at a Cedar Grove Cemetery candlelight tour. “I usually portray him three or four times a year at the fairgrounds or on the square for tourism visits, and different civic organizations have asked me to tell the story of Robert Hatton in uniform. It’s usually just here in the County because he’s not too widely known,” Frost said.
As for Hatton’s progress after graduation, Frost shares, “He entered Cumberland’s law school for one year and ran out of money, so he went to teach. He didn’t like that. He came back to Lebanon and obtained a license to practice law and studied and was able to pass the bar exam and worked as an attorney, and then Cumberland University gave him a law degree, probably because of the relationships he had with his professors.”
Hatton joined in the practice of law in 1850 in a partnership with Col. Jordan Stokes of Lebanon. In the spring of 1850 he was appointed by the board of managers of the Washington Monument in the District of Columbia as an agent to present its claims to the people of Tennessee. And on Dec. 16, 1852, he married Sophie K. Reilly, six months his junior, of Williamson County.
WLM - Robert HattonAbout this time, he dissolved his partnership with Stokes and formed a new one, the firm of Hatton and Green, attorneys- and counselors- at-law, with Nathan Green Jr.
In 1855 as a candidate for the Whig party, the Lebanon lawyer was elected as representative from Wilson County to the General Assembly of Tennessee. While he served in Nashville, his wife and children, Reilly, Manie and later, Emily, resided in Lebanon. Then he ran as the American and Whig party candidate for governor in 1857. By this time Lebanon townsfolk referred to him as “Our Bob”. “In this race against Isham Harris for governor, they were traveling together and stumping around the State. They were at odds in Fayetteville and had a fistfight on the platform. He whipped Harris, who was quite a bit older,” said Frost. “He won the fight but lost the election.”
In 1858 Hatton was elected Grand Master for the Order of Tennessee of the Grand Lodge of the Order of Odd Fellows, and in 1859, he ran and won the election to the U.S. Congress as Representative from the State’s Fifth District. “He did a lot of traveling while campaigning and as member of the Order of Odd Fellows,” said Frost. “I think he loved his wife a lot and enjoyed the children. He was very intelligent and must have been well liked. He seemed to succeed in everything he tried.”
Hatton traveled to the District of Columbia in November 1859, leaving his family at their home on the northeast corner of Lebanon’s West Main Street and Hatton Avenue, 327 W. Main, a site on Lebanon's Civil War Trail (today the location of the Shelter Insurance office).
A reporter for The New York Times provides a detailed description of the tall, 136-pound Hatton from Congress in mid-January 1860.
Robert Hatton, of Tennessee, then obtained the floor for a set speech, and at once commanded attention. He is rather tall, rather thin, with a large head and long face, made longer by a profusion of orange chinbeard, harmonizing well with pink cheeks, a large fair forehead, high and expansive; blue eyes, set wide apart on each side of a small irregular nose, high cheek bones, and a great quantity of thick brown hair, rather inclined to curl, but hardly having length sufficient to indulge its propensity. Decidedly, Mr. Hatton has more of the studied graces of an orator than any member yet seen upon the floor. His gestures are full, found, and appropriate—seldom violent—never grotesque, but always emphatic, and with an inclination to the florid order. His head shows imagination, and the perceptives largely developed—the qualities of causality and caution, however, not being visibly from this gallery—if at all existing. His voice is musical and full of the church-organ tone; and he speaks with the deliberativeness of a man determined to say nothing in support of which he is not willing to stand a pistol shot.
From his hotel in the nation’s capitol, Hatton wrote his wife frequently asking about the children and how much he missed family and home. His epistles often reported on sermons he heard while visiting a variety of church denominations. He kept Sophie up to- date on his Bible reading and commented frequently about the drinking of many of those serving in Congress. (Hatton wouldn’t touch a drop of wine or liquor while in D.C.)
Most fervent upon his heart and mind was the fact that a crack in the Union was unavoidable. Hatton wrote his wife Dec. 6, 1860: Now that I am here, my worst anticipations are more than realized. Disunion is inevitable. What will follow, God only knows. Have, today, listened to furious speeches from Wigfall, of Texas; Iverson, of Georgia; and Brown, of Mississippi. Go out of the Union, their States are determined to. So, with South Carolina, Louisiana, Florida and perhaps others. There is not wisdom or patriotism enough in the land to save it.
In his diary two days later, Hatton noted: What shall I write? That the government is upon the eve of disruption. It is. The indications today, are, that before the 4th day of March, five or six of the Southern States will secede. The probabilities are that all the other Southern States will follow, and very soon. The folly of mankind has never been greater than is now being exhibited by the politicians of the South, and the North. Disunion is ruin to both sections.
Hatton made an impassioned speech Feb. 8, 1861, to the U.S. House of Representatives, but war between the states was plunging nearer like a runaway steam locomotive without a brakeman. When the 36th Congress adjourned, Hatton returned to Lebanon, still speaking his piece on holding the country together. His most famous speech, according to Frost, was made April Fool’s Day 1861, as for 2½ hours he urged his fellow citizens to remain in the Union. That night, tempers flared. “A crowd of people, some seem to think they were students from Cumberland, came to his house after everyone had gone to bed and started yelling and beating on pots and pans,” said Frost. “It woke everybody up, and Hatton came out with a pistol and fired it a few times, and they dispersed. A little bit later on the square, he was burned in effigy.”
Whatever strong feelings Hatton held for the Union, attitudes would change upon the news from Fort Sumter, S.C., and the news of President Lincoln calling for 75,000 volunteers to “put down the rebellion”. Hatton volunteered his services to the State of Tennessee. In May he called for volunteers for the Provisional Army of Tennessee and was elected captain of a company of 100 or more men out of Lebanon. “Six companies, totaling about 600 men from Wilson County, left Lebanon on May 20, 1861, and were mustered in at Nashville, and then took the train to Camp Trousdale in Sumner County. They were half finished with basic training when Tennessee declared its independence and separation,” said Frost. “Six companies from Wilson County and four from Sumner, Smith and DeKalb counties formed the 7th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, and Capt. Hatton was elected colonel. He trained and armed them well, and about July 20, they loaded on a train and then went to Nashville to Chattanooga to Knoxville to Bristol and to Virginia.
“Hatton had made arrangements to meet his wife in Nashville just before he left, but she was unable to meet him. So when he left Lebanon, he never saw his family again other than the little boy who came over to training camp a few days.” Hatton and his men initially fought in some smaller battles of the war as he served with Gen. Robert E. Lee in the Cheat Mountain Campaign and then with Gen. Stonewall Jackson in the northern part of the Shenandoah Valley in fall and winter of 1861-62. He wrote numerous letters to his wife from Warm Springs, Va. In the spring Hatton’s troops were directed to the peninsula below Richmond, Va.
In his last correspondence, dated May 28, 1862, 6:30 p.m., from near Richmond, Hatton wrote: The struggle, will no doubt, be bloody; that we will triumph, and that gloriously, I am confident. Would that I might bind to my heart, before the battle, my wife and children. That pleasure may never again be granted to me. If so, farewell; and may the God of all mercy be to you and ours, a guardian and friend. “If we meet again, we’ll smile; If not, this parting has been well.” Affectionately your husband, R. Hatton.
On the evening of May 31, 1862, Hatton, who had been promoted to Brigadier General eight days previously, formed his line in the presence of Confederate President Jefferson Davis, General Lee and Gen. Joe Johnston at the Battle of Seven Pines, also known as the Battle of Fair Oaks. “He had been given command of the Tennessee brigade, and on the 31st the brigade was held in reserve,” said Frost. “But about 6 o’clock they were ordered to the front to make a charge. They did, and evidently did a fine job. Hatton was on his horse, and he was leading the charge. A charge was a walking movement to the front, an orderly advance to the front. Hatton, on his horse, he was a tremendous target.”
Last seen alive in the charge on Nine Mile Road, Hatton was waving his hat, and his voice cheered his men with his final words, “Forward, my brave boys! Forward!” When his favorite horse, Ball, was shot from beneath him, the young General got up, ran forward and in less then 30 steps later, he fell beneath the blast of a hostile gun. There is still an argument as to whether he was hit by rifle shot or cannon shot, but a missile to the head killed him instantly. The time was reported as sunset. Hatton was 35. (Of Hatton’s original 1,000 soldiers from Wilson, Smith, Sumner and DeKalb counties, only 47 survived when General Lee surrendered April 9, 1865, at Appomattox.) Hatton’s body was carried off the field of battle by two of his soldiers as the Tennessee Brigade fell back to the original line of the battle. His pistols were found by a Union soldier and returned to his family 30 years later.
WLM - Gen. Hattons widow Sophie who lived to 89“The body was placed on a train and shipped to Tennessee. Because the bridge across the Tennessee River at Chattanooga had been burned, they were not able to send the body back to Lebanon,” said Frost. “Someone made the decision to bury the body in Knoxville. It remained in Knoxville until spring of 1866, and in March the body was brought back.”
Nearly four years after his death, Hatton was buried on a rainy day, March 23, 1866. His mortal remains were taken from his house on West Main to the Methodist Church where every seat was filled. Thousands were reported to have attended the funeral of “the most popular man in Lebanon”. From the church, the mile-long procession to Cedar Grove Cemetery was fronted by Hatton’s slave, Jerry, who had accompanied him during the war. Jerry led a black mare that belonged to Hatton. The General was finally laid to rest in his hometown.
Nine years later, in 1875, Reilly, Hatton’s son, died at age 21½ on the eve before he was to graduate from Cumberland University. He was buried beside his father. As for Hatton’s other survivors, his widow Sophie lived a good, long life, serving 15 years as a missionary to Japan and for eight years as state librarian of Tennessee. She died in 1916 at the age of 89. Daughter Manie Campbell Hatton never wed and taught for 53 years in Middle Tennessee, 48 of those years at Howard School in Nashville. She died in 1938 at 82. Daughter Emily married missionary Willard Towson, and they carried the gospel to Japan for 22 years. She had two sons and a daughter. One son, Hatton D. Towson, served in World War I and was wounded in the Battle of Argonne in 1919 and died from his injuries later that year back home in Georgia.
General Hatton's closest living relative is Mary Em Towson Hobbs, of Decatur, Ga. Her father was Lambuth Reilly Towson, the son of Emily Hatton Towson, the General's youngest child. “There are five living descendants of four generations. I’m the oldest, 80 years old,” said Hobbs during a phone interview in January. “I’m the great-granddaughter, and my brother had two sons. One of them is 60 and one is 56, and one of them has a daughter and she has a nine-year-old son.”
WLM - Mary Em Townson Hobbs is Gen. Hattons closest living relativeAs for what she knows about her great-grandfather, pieces of family history were handed down from her parents and other family members, and she spent some time as a child with her great-aunt Manie, the General's daughter. She has also gleaned much from a half dozen or so trips to Lebanon, specifically from meeting with the local members of the Sons of Confederate Veterans, the Robert H. Hatton Camp, who have made her an honorary member. “Every time I come up there, I learn more from them than they learn from me, but it’s been thrilling,” she said.
During one visit in recent years, she and her nephew, Robert Hatton Towson, who lives in Goodlettsville, shared some of the family memorabilia with the group, such as Hatton's diaries. Asked for her conclusions about what she believes her greatgrandfather Hatton was like, and she answered, “I would say he had a personality to stand up for what he thought.”
Buried in Cedar Grove Cemetery, Hatton’s grave lies about 20 yards inside the entrance of Gate 2 on the north side of the road. A 16-foot-tall limestone obelisk, erected by the survivors of the 7th Tennessee, marks his grave, and nearby are interred his wife, his parents, his three children and a grandson.
Inscribed on the west face of the obelisk are the words:
General Robert Hatton
Born Nov. 2, 1826
Fell May 31, 1862
While leading the Tenn. Brigade in the Battle of Seven Pines, Va.
As for Lebanon’s most famous landmark, the monument topped by Hatton’s statue on the square?
“In the late 1800’s, the Confederate veterans began to feel compelled to erect monuments at cemeteries and town squares in memory of all their fallen comrades,” explained Frost. “It was happening all across the South. Here, they had already put one monument up in 1899 in Cedar Grove Cemetery. “I think the United Daughters of the Confederacy approached the City about putting up a statue in the center of square, and they were given ownership of the space to erect a Confederate monument. The veterans raised the money and designed the monument.”
Thus, on May 20, 1912, a monument unveiling occurred with great fanfare in Lebanon as the people of Wilson County honored their Confederate veterans. The area overflowed with people, horses and buggies, as the grandchildren of the veterans sang “Dixie” and a Tennessee National Guard detail fired a salute.
WLM- Limestone obelisk marks Hattons gravesite at Cedar Grove CemetryOn the western face of this limestone monument, GENL HATTON is etched below the officer’s feet. Beneath it reads: Erected in honor of the Confederate veterans of Wilson County and all other true Southern soldiers 1861-1865. The south face bears the words: As long as honor or courage is cherished the deeds of these heroes will live. Whether on the scaffold high or in the battles of van the fittest place for man to die is when he dies for man.” The east face reads: “To our mothers and daughters of the Confederacy from 1861 to the present;” and the north face informs: “Erected by the S.G. Shepard Camp No. 941 UCV with contributions from true friends of the Southern soldier.”
Curiously, some may notice, Hatton’s statue faces west. Noted Frost, “Most monuments of Confederate officers face either north or south—either facing the enemy or turning their back—but Hatton faces west and is standing, not mounted. The reason everyone understands is because when he left for Nashville, he was going west. That was the last time the townspeople saw him.
“Had he not been killed, had he survived during the war; no doubt he would have been a major general commanding a division,” opined Frost, who had two great-great-grandfathers serve in the Confederacy. Said Lebanon businessman Jack Cato, a true student of the Civil War whose greatgrandfather fought under Hatton, “He was a very bright young man, and he had served in the state legislature and had run for governor and been in Congress at the outbreak of the war. We just wonder what his legacy would have been had he lived.”
GENERAL ROBERT HOPKINS HATTON
Born: Nov. 2, 1826, in Youngstown or Steubenville, Ohio
Died: May 31, 1862, in the Battle of Seven Pines, aka the Battle of Fair Oaks
Buried: Cedar Grove Cemetery in Lebanon
Parents: Robert Clopton Hatton and Margaret Campbell Hatton
Wife: Sophia Keron Reilly
Children: Son Reilly, daughters Manie and Emily
Education: Graduate of Cumberland University
Career: Lawyer, politician-statesman, soldier
Military: Captain, Colonel of 7th Tennessee Infantry Regiment,
Brigadier General of Tennessee Brigade
Associations: Methodist Church, Grand Lodge of the Order of Odd Fellows
Other facts: Gifted orator, prodigious letter writer, tireless worker
Biography: Life of General Hatton by James Vaulx Drake, 1867. Reprints
of Hatton’s biography are available for $25 at the Lebanon City Hall.
Essa mensagem eu li no grupo: " Família Virtual" e acabei copiando e postando aqui, pois achei uma linda lição de vida e serve para a reflexão de cada um de nós seres humanos imperfeitos...
O carteiro estendeu o telegrama. José Roberto não agradeceu e enquanto abria o envelope, uma profunda ruga sulcou-lhe a testa. Uma expressão mais de surpresa do que de dor tomou-lhe conta do rosto. Palavras breves e incisas:
- Seu pai faleceu. Enterro 18h. Mamãe.
Jose Roberto continuou parado, olhando para o vazio. Nenhuma lágrima lhe veio aos olhos nenhum aperto no coração.
Nada! Era como se houvesse morrido um estranho. Por que nada sentia pela morte do velho? Com um turbilhão de pensamentos confundido-o, avisou a esposa, tomou o ônibus e se foi, vencendo os silenciosos quilômetros de estrada enquanto a cabeça girava a mil.
No íntimo, não queria ir ao funeral e, se estava indo era apenas para que a mãe não ficasse mais amargurada.
Ela sabia que pai e filho não se davam bem.
A coisa havia chegado ao final no dia em que, depois de mais uma chuva de acusações, José Roberto havia feito as malas e partido prometendo nunca mais botar os pés naquela casa.
Um emprego razoável, casamento, telefonemas à mãe pelo Natal, Ano Novo ou Páscoa…
Ele havia se desligado da família não pensava no pai e a última coisa na vida que desejava na vida era ser parecido com ele.
O velório:
Poucas pessoas. A mãe está lá, pálida, gelada, chorosa. Quando reviu o filho, as lágrimas correram silenciosas, foi um abraço de desesperado silêncio.
Depois, ele viu o corpo sereno envolto por um lençol de rosas vermelho – como as que o pai gostava de cultivar.
José Roberto não verteu uma única lágrima, o coração não pedia.
Era como estar diante de um desconhecido, um estranho, um…
O funeral:
O sabiá cantando, o sol se pondo.
Ele ficou em casa com a mãe até a noite, beijou-a e prometeu que voltaria trazendo netos e esposa para conhecê-la.
Agora, ele poderia voltar à casa, porque aquele que não o amava, não estava mais lá para dar-lhe conselhos ácidos nem para criticá-lo.
Na hora da despedida a mãe colocou-lhe algo pequeno e retangular na mão:
- Há mais tempo você poderia ter recebido isto – disse. Mas, infelizmente só depois que ele se foi eu encontrei entre os guardados mais importantes…
Foi um gesto mecânico que, minutos depois de começar a viagem, meteu a não no bolso e sentiu o presente.
O foco mortiço da luz do bagageiro revelou uma pequena caderneta de capa vermelha. Abriu-a curioso. Páginas amareladas. Na primeira, no alto, reconheceu a caligrafia firme do pai:
“Nasceu hoje o José Roberto. Quase quatro quilos! O meu primeiro filho, um garotão! Estou orgulhoso de ser o pai daquele que será a minha continuação na Terra!”
À medida que folheava, devorando cada anotação, sentia um aperto na boca do estomago, mistura de dor e perplexidade, pois as imagens do passado ressurgiram firmes e atrevidas como se acabassem de acontecer!
“Hoje, meu filho foi para escola. Está um homenzinho! Quando eu o vi de uniforme, fiquei emocionado e desejei-lhe um futuro cheio de sabedoria. A vida dele será diferente da minha, que não pude estudar por ter sido obrigado a ajudar meu pai. Mas para meu filho desejo o melhor. Não permitirei que a vida o castigue”
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“Roberto me pediu uma bicicleta, meu salário não dá, mas ele merece porque é estudioso e esforçado. Fiz um empréstimo que espero pagar com horas extras”
José Roberto mordeu os lábios. Lembrava-se da sua intolerância, das brigas feitas para ganhar a sonhada bicicleta. Se todos os amigos ricos tinham uma, por que ele também não poderia ter a sua? E quando, no dia do aniversário, a havia recebido, tinha corrido aos braços da mãe sem sequer olhar para o pai.
Ora, o “velho” vivia mal-humorado, queixando-se do cansaço, tinha os olhos sempre vermelhos… e José Roberto detestava aqueles olhos injetados sem jamais haver suspeitado que eram de trabalhar até a meia-noite para pagar a bicicleta…
“Hoje fui obrigado a levantar a mão contra meu filho! Preferia que ela tivesse sido cortada, mas fui preciso tentar chamá-lo á razão, José Roberto anda em más companhias, tem vergonha da pobreza dos pais e, se não disciplinar amanhã será um marginal. Foi assim que aprendi a ser um homem honrado e esse é o único modo que sei de ensiná-lo” •
José Roberto fechou os olhos e viu toda a cena quando por causa de uma bebedeira, tinha ido para a cadeia e naquela noite, se o pai não tivesse aparecido para impedi-lo de ir ao baile com os amigos…
Lembrava-se apenas do automóvel retorcido e manchado de sangue que tinha batido contra uma árvore… Parecia ouvir sinos, o choro da cidade inteira enquanto quatro caixões seguiam lugubremente para o cemitério.
As páginas se sucediam com ora curtas, ora longas anotações, cheias das respostas que revelam o quanto, em silêncio e amargura, o pai o havia amado. O “velho” escrevia de madrugada!
Momento da solidão, num grito de silêncio, porque era desse jeito que ele era, ninguém o havia ensinado a chorar e a dividir suas dores, o mundo esperava que fosse durão para que não o julgassem nem fraco e nem covarde. E, no entanto, agora José Roberto estava tendo a prova que, debaixo daquela fachada de fortaleza havia um coração tão terno e cheio de amor
A ultima página.
Aquela do dia em que ele havia saído de casa:
“Deus, o que fiz de errado para meu filho me odiar tanto? Por que sou considerado culpado, se nada fiz, senão tentar transformá-lo em um homem de bem? Meu Deus, não permita que esta injustiça me atormente para sempre. Que um dia ele possa me compreender e perdoar por eu não ter sabido ser o pai que ele merecia ter”.
Depois não havia mais anotações e as folhas em branco davam a idéia de que o pai tinha morrido naquele momento, José Roberto fechou depressa a caderneta, o peito doía.
O coração parecia haver crescido tanto, que lutava para escapar pela boca.
Nem viu o ônibus entrar na rodoviária, levantou aflito e saiu quase correndo porque precisava de ar puro para respirar.
Para ele, os pais eram descartáveis e sem valor como as embalagens que são atiradas ao lixo.
Afinal, naqueles dias de pouca reflexão tudo era juventude, saúde, beleza, musica, cor, alegria, despreocupação, vaidade.
Não era ele um semi-deus?
Agora, porém, o tempo o havia envelhecido, fatigado e também tornado pai aquele falso herói. De repente. No jogo da vida, ele era o pai e seus atuais contestadores. Como não havia pensado nisso antes?
Certamente por não ter tempo, pois andava muito ocupado com os negócios, a luta pela sobrevivência, a sede de passar fins de semana longe da cidade grande, à vontade de mergulhar no silêncio sem precisar dialogar com os filhos.
Ele jamais tivera a idéia de comprar uma cadernetinha de capa vermelha pala anotar uma a frase sobre seus herdeiros, jamais lhe havia passado pela cabeça escrever que tinha orgulho daqueles que continuam o seu nome. Justamente ele, que se considerava o mais completo pai da Terra?
Uma onda de vergonha quase o prostrou por terra numa derradeira lição de humildade.
Quis gritar, erguer procurando agarrar o velho para sacudi-lo e abraçá-lo, encontrou apenas o vazio. Havia uma raquítica rosa vermelha num galho no jardim de uma casa, o sol acabava de nascer. Então, José Roberto acariciou as pétalas e lembrou-se da mãozona do pai podando, adubando e cuidando com amor.
Por que nunca tinha percebido tudo aquilo antes?
Uma lágrima brotou como o orvalho, e erguendo os olhos para o céu dourado, de repente, sorriu e desabafou-se numa confissão aliviadora:
- “Se Deus me mandasse escolher, eu juro que não queria ter tido outro pai que não fosse você velho! Obrigado por tanto amor, e me perdoe por haver sido tão cego!”
(Autor Desconhecido)
7th March : Saint Teresa Magarita Redi . OCD .
Her Early Life
St. Teresa Margaret was born Anna Maria Redi on July 15, 1747 to a large, loving Catholic family in Arezzo, Italy. She was baptized the following day, the Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel by V.R. Canon John Baptist, the brother of her father. Her Godfather was Cardinal Henry Enriquez. She was a beautiful child with clear blue eyes, golden hair and delicate features which might have caused one anticipate for her a future as the lady of a manor and a life of leisure.
Her father Ignatius and her mother Camille were of the lower Tuscan nobility but were not overly wealthy. Anna Maria was the second of thirteen children. Her mother bore twelve children in fourteen years. The last two were twins who lived only a few weeks. Three other children also died in infancy. After a gap of six years the last child, Teresa was born. This child was given Anna Maria's name in Carmel. Anna Maria (St. Teresa Margaret) had died six years before little Teresa's birth.
Camille did not have a strong constitution and the strain of childbirth left her a semi-invalid. As the oldest girl, Anna Maria was entrusted with the supervision of the older of her little siblings while her mother was busy in the nursery. Her father said of Anna Maria that she had a fiery temperament and she was not above getting physical to maintain control over her little charges.
Her father testified that he could clearly see that from the age of five, Anna Maria had given her heart completely to God and she used all her facilities to know and to love Him. In later years she told her confessor simply that "from infancy I have never longed for anything other than to become a saint."
"Who is God?" she asked her mother, her father, her aunt... The answers she received from the adults around her never fully satisfied her. People told her about God, what God is, not who God is. When her mother told her one day that God is love, Anna Maria lit up with joy. This answer at last gave her some satisfaction. But then she wondered, "What can I do to please Him?" From this moment her inexhaustible quest to love God as He loved her had begun. It is touching to note that when this childhood zeal was brought up to her, she replied in innocence "But everyone does that".
Anna Maria's parents were serious and pious. The family circle was warm and loving. Family prayer and daily Mass were an integral part of their lives. It appears that Camilla would have liked more social life in the villa but Ignatius would have seen that as a waste of resources and time.
The Redi villa was an ideal home for a child with a religious disposition and it is probably not an accident that all but one of the eight surviving children entered religious life or the priesthood. The large comfortable house had inspiring murals of the crusades on the walls of the entrance hall. The bedrooms contained religious art. A striking fresco of the Assumption was on the ceiling of Camilla's room. Anna Maria's bedroom had its own altar where she spent hours in prayer, after bribing the young ones with holy cards if they would leave her in peace. Sometimes they would creep back to observe her absorbed in prayer. Her brother Cecchino recorded that he thought she looked like a little Madonna.
The villa contained beautiful gardens and orchards. Anna Maria could be found in the corner of the gardens looking toward heaven and "thinking". Close to the house was a chapel. It was decorated simply with frescos from episodes in the life St. Francis of Assisi. Anna Maria took St. Francis as her patron and was inspired by him with a love of poverty.
Although it was a peaceful and prosperous home, the children were not permitted to be idle. They were expected to spend their leisure time constructively. Anna Maria learned sewing and knitting and she was sometimes found knitting a simple object while completely absorbed in prayer.
At the age of seven Anna Maria made her first Confession. At that time first Confession preceded first Communion by several years. She was very attracted to the sacrament and prepared for it carefully and received it often. A conversation which took place while returning from Church and recorded by her father gives an idea of her attitude towards the sacrament.
"I have been thinking about the text that was preached on Sunday, the unforgiving servant. We come to the great King of Heaven with empty hands, in debt to Him for everything: life itself, and grace, and all the gifts He lavishes on us. Yet all we can say is, 'Have patience with me, and I will pay thee all I owe,' while all the time we could never pay anything towards the remission of our own debts, if God did not put into our hands the means to do so. And then, how often do we go away and refuse pardon for some slight fault in our neighbors, withholding our love, remaining aloof, or even nursing a grievance against them, and building up grudges that cool charity."
After this conversation, Ignatius, who already appreciated the piety of this child, felt certain that God was calling Anna Maria in a special way. From that point on he began to provide her with true spiritual direction appropriate to her understanding. It was Ignatius who introduced Anna Maria to the devotion to the Sacred Heart, a devotion which became one of the central focuses of her spiritual life. The love of this father and daughter grew deeper as their profound spiritual confidences expanded the already deep familial affection. As an adult, Sr. Teresa Margaret would say "So great was the good my father has done to my soul that I can truly claim that he has been my father twice over". It is a tender irony that in aiding the rapid spiritual growth of this most beloved daughter Ignatius was preparing the path that would take her away from him forever.
St. Apollonia's Boarding School
At the age of nine, Anna Maria was sent to the boarding school of the Benedictine nuns of St. Apollonia's in Florence. While other families of their status thought educating their daughters was a waste of money, the Redi family was determined to do so. His decision to provide the best of educations for Anna Maria and her three sisters as well as for his four sons forced Ignatius to tighten the family budget. One of their sacrifices was to give up the family coach. This was not only a sacrifice in convenience but also in status. A coach was a mark of a family's situation but Ignatius was not moved by such considerations. Young Anna Maria was deeply impressed by this sacrifice and urged her older brother to be very diligent in his studies in response to this generosity.
St. Apollonia's boarding school, being Benedictine, was simple, austere and unadorned. It was quite a change from the lush sun-drenched Redi villa. But Anna Maria had wanted to attend St. Apollonia's because she heard that one could better serve God there.
The daily life of the school was likewise simple and austere following in many ways that of the nuns themselves. Each pupil had her own room, the day was regulated by the sound of a bell, and meals were taken in silence or with the reading aloud from a good book. The course of studies was more in the line of a finishing school rather than one of rigorous academics. Even so, Anna Maria had some difficulty with her studies, especially Latin and mathematics and it was only with regard to her studies that she was ever found lacking. She was scolded for being lazy although she did apply herself to the work. Otherwise the nuns considered her modest, cheerful and obedient and it was clear that Anna Maria was very happy at the school.
She passed her years at school appearing little different from her classmates. Yet Anna Maria was already working on a method of perfection which was to last all her life and take her to the heights of sanctity.
Aside from the noise of her younger brothers and sisters, it was easy enough at home to slip away unnoticed and spend hours in prayer and meditation to which she was called at a very early age. At home she could spend time with her holy cards or alone and in thought in the corner of the garden. She could pursue her program of holiness without arousing the curiosity of those around her. The environment at school was quite different. It would be difficult to continue her practices without calling attention to herself yet she was determined to continue her spiritual progress while not appearing to be different from any other student.
At the age of ten, Anna Maria was developing a well-balanced program for her spiritual life. She saw the necessity of exterior conformity to all the directions of her teachers and the practices of her classmates all the while striving quietly for sanctity. Her method was to hide herself. She would shun anything which would appear singular or attract attention. She would appear no different than any other student, or better yet, she would pass unnoticed while her interior life flourished.
There were two reasons Anna Maria wanted to keep her interior life hidden. First, she understood from an early age that "the merits of a good action can diminish when exposed to the eyes of others who, by their praise or approval, give us satisfaction or at least flatter our self-love and pride too much; and that therefore it is necessary to be content to have God alone." The second reason was in order to imitate the hidden life of the Holy Family. This singular family appeared to the folk of the little village of Nazareth to be no different from any other. This was Anna Maria's goal.
But she needed help in carrying out her program especially after making her First Communion. The nuns allowed her to make her First Communion on the Feast of the Assumption, one month after her tenth birthday and a year earlier than usual. Though she tried to hide her piety, the nuns had noticed her devout and recollected attitude in prayer. They noticed her joy in the presence of the Tabernacle and the deep sighs which escaped while she gazed upon it. Sometimes tears betrayed her emotions as the older children went to receive the Blessed Sacrament. And so the good sisters moved up the date for her First Communion.
From that day she continually experienced movements of love which impelled her to try to live a more holy life. Yet she feared others would notice if she intensified her devotional exercises and this went against her determination to remain hidden. She did not want to turn to the regular confessor of the school for advice for the same reasons. Any extended time in the confessional would arouse curiosity. In her need, she turned to the one she called twice her father; and so started an extraordinary correspondence with Ignatius Redi. He remained her spiritual director for the next five years until, as the result of a retreat, she came under the direction of Dom Peter Pellegrini. It is a great loss for us that Ignatius, obedient to her wishes, burned each of Anna Maria's letters after reading it.
Dom Pellegrini had great confidence in Anna Maria's piety, disposition for the religious life and love of God. He immediately endeavored to help her "to soar in the way of God". He gave her good reading material and helped her to make rapid progress in mental prayer and the virtues.
It is a mark of Anna Maria's intelligence that she succeeded in her almost contradictory goals, extraordinary growth in holiness while appearing to be just like all the rest. The proof of her success can be found on the one hand, in the permission her confessor gave her to receive Communion as often as the nuns, and on the other, by the general opinion of her held by her classmates and most teachers that she was a good, but more or less ordinary girl.
At the age of sixteen as her time at St. Apollonia was coming to an end, Anna Maria was finding it difficult to make a decision regarding her future. She felt drawn to the religious life and loved the Benedictine nuns at St. Apollonia yet there was something missing. A very strange and singular incident put Anna Maria on the path to Carmel.
One day a distant acquaintance of Anna Maria, Cecilia Albergotti, who was about to enter Carmel, paid a farewell visit to St. Apollonia. She told Anna Maria she wished to speak to her but the time passed and there was no opportunity to do so. However, as she was leaving Cecilia took Anna Maria's hand and looked at her intently, saying nothing. Anna Maria walked back to her room with a strange feeling inside. Suddenly she heard the words "I am Teresa of Jesus, and I want you among my daughters." Confused and a bit frightened, she went to the chapel and knelt before the Blessed Sacrament. She heard the words again.
Now convinced of the authenticity of the locution, she determined at that moment to enter Carmel and started immediately making plans to leave the school. She was only home for a few months when preparations were made for her application to the Carmel in Florence. She entered on September 1, 1764 a few weeks after her seventeenth birthday taking the name Teresa Margaret of the Heart of Jesus.
Entrance into Carmel
The community she entered contained thirteen professed nuns and two novices. The religious observance in the convent was excellent and Teresa Margaret always had high regard for the nuns there whom she called angels or great saints. She always, to her last day, felt unworthy to be among them.
From her first days in Carmel it was obvious to her superiors that she was an unusually mature and capable young woman. Because of her spiritual maturity she was treated severely by the novice mistress, Mother Teresa Maria, for the purposes of aiding her growth. Although Teresa Margaret exercised complete control over her actions and attitudes, her fair complexion which blushed bright red often gave away the interior battle she waged to maintain this control.
The period of postulancy was usually three months but it was extended one month because she developed an abscess on her knee. The ailment required surgery to scrape the infection away from the bone. This was done without anesthesia and the nuns marveled at her courage. Teresa Margaret however chided herself when a small whimper escaped her during the cutting. She feared that this ailment might cause the nuns not to accept her into the novitiate but there was no cause to worry. The nuns had found her spiritually mature, obedient, with a sweet and gentle nature. They considered her a gift and a true daughter of St. Teresa. She was accepted by a unanimous vote.
It was the custom at the time for the candidate to make a brief return to the world to consider once more the life she was leaving behind. Teresa Margaret visited again with members of her family and spent precious time with her father. There was no doubt now that their next parting would be forever. If anything could have kept Teresa Margaret from retuning to the Carmel, it would have been the pain she was causing her father. When Ignatius brought her back to the convent those around her were alarmed at her pallor. That evening she confided in her superior, Mother Anna Maria "I do not think that it is possible for me ever to suffer greater pain than that which I experienced in leaving my father." She wept copious tears that night to the point of alarming Mother Anna Maria and causing her to wonder how Teresa Margaret had kept her composure through the day.
The next day Teresa Margaret was composed and radiant. Her father however was overcome and moved to a back corner of the church unable to watch the clothing ceremony. Later in the afternoon he was able to visit with her in the parlor. He could see her flooded with the peace the world cannot give and a joy no earthly pleasure can produce. He left her with an emptiness his other children could never fill yet he was at peace and thankful to God for the gift of this sacrifice.
The duties of the novices were general housekeeping and various small tasks needed by the community. But even as a novice, Teresa Margaret started the work that would take most of her time and energy for the rest of her years in Carmel; that of caring for the sick. Of the thirteen professed nuns, nine were elderly and often ill. Teresa Margaret started by assisting the aged novice mistress prepare for bed each night. She then took on the care of an ailing novice. More and more she spent any free time assisting the infirmarian in caring for one or the other of the seriously ill nuns. Some times she would move into the room of a sick sister to provide care during the night. Aside from the required periods of prayer Teresa Margaret gave her self to physical labor. Her work went far beyond what was required or expected.
A year after her clothing Teresa Margaret was scheduled to be professed. The abscess on her knee reappeared. She wondered if this might be a sign that she was mistaken, that she did not have a vocation after all. She brought her doubts before God with simplicity and humility desiring only the will of God whatever it might be. The abscess disappeared. When the time came for her profession, with honest feelings of unworthiness she asked to be professed as a simple lay Sister. This was not allowed but she kept this humble attitude all through her life in Carmel and often helped the lay sisters at their tasks. No duty was too lowly for her.
Theresa Margaret lived only four years after her Profession. For two years she served as assistant sacristan but never gave up her work among the sick. She was finally named assistant infirmarian though she had been doing the job all along.
She loved this job and the constant charity it demanded for she stated "love of neighbor consists in service." Although "assistant" she soon was in fact exercising full responsibility for the infirmary. She was young and strong and seemed to thrive on the hard work. During her years of service, in spite of her continued determination to keep hidden her gifts and graces, remarkable incidences occurred: the miraculous healing which occurred after Teresa Margaret, filled with compassion, kissed a sister weeping in pain; her ability to converse with a deaf nun with whom no one else could communicate; various cures which, though not miraculous were at the least unusual; and her uncanny ability to know when a patient needed her no matter where in the monastery she might be.
Her Interior Life
Teresa Margaret had a rich, active interior life. The first tenant, as has been mentioned, was to remain hidden, to keep her gifts and graces hidden from all but her Lord while appearing quite ordinary to the world.
In her desire to prove her love to God, she practiced severe penances; sleeping on the floor, using a hairshirt, leaving windows open in the winter and closed in the summer, taking the discipline, etc. There was nothing masochistic in these practices. She wanted to discipline her body and unite herself to the suffering Christ. For her, suffering was a way of repaying love for love. As she grew she modified these practices and took as her motto "Always receive with equal contentment from God's hand either consolations or sufferings, peace or distress, health or illness. Ask nothing, refuse nothing, but always be ready to do and to suffer anything that comes from His Providence."
Her daily spiritual exercises were simple. She determined to present a smiling and serene exterior no matter how severe her interior and exterior trials. She practiced the art of never doing her own will for she believed that "she who does not know how to conform her will to that of others will never be perfect." She would never offer an excuse for a fault or defend herself when falsely accused. She wrote that "everything can be reduced to interior movements, where the constant exercise of abnegation is essential." She believed that God would be found when God alone is sought. To that end she made the following resolution: "I propose to have no other purpose in all my activities, either interior or exterior, than the motive of love alone, by constantly asking myself: Now what am I doing in this action? Do I love God?' If I should notice any obstacle to pure love, I shall take myself in hand and recall that I must seek to return my love for His love." As for love of neighbor, she determined to "sympathize with their troubles, excuse their faults, always speak well of them, and never willing fail in charity in thought, word or deed".
All these little practices seem to be no more than what any good Christian should be doing. How simple and un-heroic they are. Yet to spend even one day in the minute by minute application of them would be more than most could hope to accomplish.
One Sunday in choir, Teresa Margaret was given a particular grace to understand the deep meaning of the love of God. While the community was reciting Terce, the words "Deus caritus est" (God is Love, I John 4:8) were read and it seemed to her she heard them for the first time. She was flooded with an elevated understanding of these words that seemed to be a new revelation. Despite the fact that she tried carefully to hide this sudden grace, all around her were aware something out of the ordinary had happened. These words occasioned a mystical experience which transformed her knowledge of God.
For the next few days the words "God Is Love" were constantly on her lips as she went about her duties. She appeared so out of herself that the Carmelite Provincial was brought in to examine her to see if she were suffering from "melancholy". After examining her he responded: "I would indeed very happily see every sister in this community afflicted with such 'melancholy' as that of Sister Teresa Margaret!" It was only later that the community came to attribute her "faraway look" to her habitual awareness of the presence of God and His continual operations in her.
Night of the Spirit
This grace was however to start a great spiritual trial for Teresa Margaret. She had always found it impossible to return to God "love for love" as she desired. Now that she had a mystical experience of the love of God the abyss between God's love for her and her ability to return that love sufficiently became a source of increasing torment to her.
In a series of letters to her spiritual director Fr. Ildephonse she wrote: "I am telling you in strict confidence, sure of your discretion that I find myself in pain because I am not doing anything to correspond to the demands of love. I feel that I am continually being reproached by my Sovereign Good and yet, I am very sensitive to the slightest movement contrary to the love and knowledge of Him. I do not see, I do not feel, I do not understand anything interiorly or exteriorly which could impel me to love ... no one can imagine how terrible it is to live without any love when one is actually burning with the desire for it."
"This is a torture to me, let alone the fact that it requires such an effort to apply myself to the things of God," she confessed later. "I fear that God is very displeased with my Communions; it seems that I have no desire to ask His help because of the great coldness which I experience ... It is the same with prayer and, of course, in all the other spiritual exercises. I am continually making good resolutions but I never succeed in attaining some way of successfully overcoming these obstacles which stand in my way and prevent me from throwing myself at His feet."
"The tempest has become extremely violent and I feel myself being so knocked about that I scarcely know what to do if this continues. Everywhere there is darkness and danger. My soul is so dark that the very things which used to afford me some spiritual consolation are only a source of torture to me ... I must do violence to myself in order to perform each interior and exterior spiritual exercise ... Finding myself in this state of supreme weariness I commit many failings at each step ... My mind is in such turmoil that it is open to temptations of every sort, especially to those of despair ... I have a great fear of offending God grievously ... I see that I do wrong and at the same time try to follow the inspiration to do good and then I feel remorse for my infidelity; and to top it all, I am not succeeding in conquering myself because my repugnance is so great ..."
"The cruelest torturer of her soul," wrote Fr. Ildephonse, "was her love which, in the very same measure that it increased - hid itself from the eyes of her spirit. She loved, yet believed she did not; in the measure love grew in her soul, in the same measure augmented the desire of loving and the pain of thinking that she did not love." He was convinced that she was at the stage of Spiritual Marriage. When he later heard of her sudden and unexpected death he remarked "she could not have lived very much longer so great was the strength of the love of God in her."
Her Death
It is suspected that Teresa Margaret had a premonition of her death. After obtaining permission from Fr. Ildephonse, she made a pack with Sr. Adelaide, an elderly nun she was caring for. The pact was that when she died, Sr. Adelaide would ask God "to permit Sister Teresa Margaret to join her quickly in order that she may love Him without hindrance for all eternity and be fully united with the fount of divine charity." Shortly after the death of Sr. Adelaide, Teresa Margaret was indeed with God. It is likely that the cause of Teresa Margaret's death was a strangulated hernia. It is probable that it was in lifting the heavy, inert body of Sister Adelaide that she strained herself causing the hernia. If so, it was a delightful seal to their pact.
In mid-February, 1770, Teresa Margaret wrote her last letter to her father, in which she begged that he begin a novena to the Sacred Heart at once for a most pressing intention of hers.
On March 4th she asked Father Ildefonse to allow her to make a general confession, as though it were to be the last of her life, and to receive Communion the following morning in the same dispositions. Whether or not she had any presentiment that this was indeed to be her Viaticum one cannot know; but in fact it was. She was only twenty-two years old and in excellent health, yet it appears she was making preparations for her death.
On the evening of March 6th Teresa Margaret arrived late to dinner from her work in the infirmary. She ate the light Lenten meal alone. As she was returning to her room, she collapsed from violent abdominal spasms. She was put to bed and the doctor was called. He diagnosed a bout of colic, painful but not serious. Teresa Margaret did not sleep at all during the night, and she tried to lie still so as not to disturb those in the adjoining cells. The following morning she seemed to have taken a slight turn for the better.
But when the doctor returned he recognized that her internal organs were paralyzed and ordered a surgeon for a bleeding. Her foot was cut and a bit of congealed blood oozed out. The doctor was alarmed and recommended that she should receive the Last Sacraments right away. The infirmarian however, felt that this was not necessary, and was reluctant to send for a priest because of the patient's continued vomiting. In addition, Sister Teresa Margaret's pain appeared to have lessened. The priest was not called.
Teresa Margaret offered no comment, nor did she ask for the Last Sacraments. She seemed to have had a premonition of this when making her last Communion "as Viaticum". She held her crucifix in her hands, from time to time pressing her lips to the five wounds, and invoking the names of Jesus and Mary, otherwise she continued to pray and suffer, as always, in silence.
By 3 p.m. her strength was almost exhausted, and her face had assumed an alarmingly livid hue. Finally a priest was called. He had time only to anoint her before she took her flight to God. She remained silent and uncomplaining to the end, with her crucifix pressed to her lips and her head slightly turned towards the Blessed Sacrament. The community was stunned. Less than twenty-four hours earlier she had been full of life and smiling serenely as she went about her usual duties.
Glory Revealed
Teresa Margaret had attempted all her life to remain hidden. In many ways she succeeded. But upon her death, the veil over her exalted sanctity was lifted by God Himself.
The condition of Teresa Margaret's body was such that the nuns feared it would decay before proper funeral rites could be accomplished. Her face was discolored, her extremities were black, the body already bloated and stiff. When her body was prepared and laid out in the choir later in the day, it was almost unrecognizable to the sisters who had lived with her for the last five years.
Her funeral was held the following day and plans were made for her immediate burial. When she was moved into the vault however, everyone noticed that a change had taken place in the body. The blue-black discoloration of her face was much less noticeable. The community decided to postpone the burial. A few hours later a second examination showed that the entire body had regained its natural color. The nuns were consoled to see the lovely face of Teresa Margaret looking just as they had known her.
They begged the Provincial's permission to leave her unburied until the next day, a request which he, dumbfounded at this astonishing reversal of natural processes, readily granted. The final burial of the body was arranged for the evening of the 9th of March, fifty-two hours after her death. By that time her skin tint was as natural as when alive and in full health, and the limbs, which had been so rigid that dressing her in the habit had been a difficult task, were flexible and could now be moved with ease.
This was all so unprecedented that the coffin was permitted to remain open. The nuns, the Provincial, several priests and doctors all saw and testified to the fact that the body was as lifelike as if she were sleeping, and there was not the least visible evidence of corruption or decay. Her face regained its healthy appearance; there was color in her cheeks. Mother Victoria, who had received the profession of this young nun, suggested that a portrait should be painted before the eventual burial. This was unanimously agreed to, and Anna Piattoli, a portrait painter of Florence, was taken down to the crypt to capture forever the features that now in death looked totally life-like.
The Carmel burial vault was a scene of much coming and going during these days, and had assumed anything but a mournful atmosphere. By the time the painting was completed, a strange fragrance was detected about the crypt. The flowers that still remained near the bier had withered. But the fragrance persisted, and grew in strength, pervading the whole chamber. And then, miles away in Arezzo her mother Camilla also became aware of an elusive perfume which noticeably clung to certain parts of the house.
During the next two weeks several doctors and ecclesial authorities came to the crypt to examine the body. As the days continued to pass the body regained more and more the characteristics of a living being. The Archbishop of Florence came on March 21 to make his own examination. The body was now totally subtle. Her bright blue eyes could be seen under lids slightly opened. Finally a little moisture collected on her upper lip. It was wiped off with a piece of cloth and rendered a "heavenly fragrance". The Archbishop declared: "Extraordinary! Indeed, it is a miracle to see a body completely flexible after death, the eyes those of a living person, the complexion that of one in the best of health. Why, even the soles of her feet appear so lifelike that she might have been walking about a few minutes ago. She appears to be asleep. There is no odor of decay, but on the contrary a most delightful fragrance. Indeed, it is the odor of sanctity."
Teresa Margaret was finally buried eighteen days after her death. The report of miracles attributed to her intercession began immediately. Thirty-five years later, on June 21, 1805, the Feast of the Sacred Heart, the incorrupt body of St. Teresa Margaret was transferred to the nuns' choir in the Carmel of Florence where it remains to this day.
This image is from Jane’s Defense Weekly of May 4 1985….. computer generated virtual reality stuff was hardly even in its infancy back then. The purpose of this thing was to demonstrate that the idea had enough promise to warrant funding for development.
Cute, isn’t it?
www.flickr.com/photos/rick_oleson/16374808468/in/album-72...
www.flickr.com/photos/rick_oleson/15942287233/in/album-72...
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, most people in Glasgow lived in tenement flats. At that time they were not referred to as ‘flats’, but as ‘tenement houses’. The National Trust for Scotland’s Tenement House is on the first floor of an ordinary red sandstone tenement in Buccleuch Street, in Glasgow’s city centre. The Trust is preserving it as an important part of the nation’s heritage not only because it is typical of the flats so many Scots used to live in, but also because it has survived almost unchanged for over a century.
The tenement was an ideal way of housing a population which grew rapidly during Glasgow’s industrial expansion in the first half of the 19th century. It provided accommodation for many families on the minimum of valuable building land, and it could be adapted to suit the incomes of different social classes. In working-class areas, tenement flats had only two rooms (‘room and kitchen’ flats) or even only one room (the ‘single-end’). Three-quarters of all tenement flats in Glasgow were either room and kitchen houses or single-ends. Flats like the Tenement House, with two rooms and a kitchen and bathroom, were built for the slightly better-off; for even wealthier people, there were larger flats with four, five or even more rooms.
Glasgow tenements were built in white or red sandstone and usually had three or four floors, with two or more separate flats on each floor. The tenement at 145 Buccleuch Street is red sandstone and has four floors with two flats on each floor. The National Trust for Scotland now owns both ground floor flats as well as the Tenement House. One ground-floor flat is used as a reception area with exhibitions on tenement life and the history of the tenement in Glasgow. The other flat has an education room for school groups, and office and storage space. The rest of the building is private as there are still people living in their own homes. So, it is still a real tenement!
For over fifty years one of the first floor flats was the home of Miss Agnes Toward, who came to live there in 1911, along with her widowed mother Mrs Agnes Toward. Miss Toward’s life was in most respects very ordinary and it is just that which makes her story so interesting. She reminds us of people we have known: grandmothers, aunts, elderly neighbours. Her home offers a uniquely detailed insight into everyday life in the first half of the 20th century.
Miss Toward was born in 1886 in nearby Renfrew Street, and was the only surviving child of William and Agnes Toward. She had two younger sisters who died in infancy and her father, a commercial traveller in metals, died when she was only three years old. Agnes was brought up by her mother, who made a living by dressmaking and taking in lodgers.
For most of her life Miss Toward worked as a shorthand typist with a shipping firm, and retired when she was in her seventies. After her mother’s death in 1939, she lived in the flat on her own and made very few changes except for occasional redecorating and, in 1960, having electric light installed. She kept all sorts of things other people would have thrown away. As well as keeping the Victorian furniture which had belonged to her grandparents, she held on to old letters, household bills, recipes, wartime leaflets, newspaper cuttings and even old jars of home-made jam!
In 1911, when Miss Toward and her mother moved to 145 Buccleuch Street, even well-off tenement dwellers usually paid rent to a landlord for their homes rather than own them. Miss Agnes Toward rented her flat from the owner of the building, Dugald McCorkindale, who was a coal merchant. She kept all of her rent receipts, so we know how much rent she paid for her flat and that she paid it every three months.
The Tenement House is very compact, with four rooms – bedroom, parlour, kitchen and bathroom – opening off a square hallway. The National Trust for Scotland has restored the gas lighting which Miss Toward had replaced with electricity in 1960. Also, the rooms have been redecorated by copying samples of the original decoration wherever possible. Samples of the original papers can be seen in all the rooms except the bathroom.
The House is furnished with typical late Victorian furniture and a few older pieces such as the grandfather clock in the hallway, made in the 1790s, and the oak bureau in the parlour which dates from the 1750s.
One of the first things visitors notice when they step into the hallway of the house is the smell and hiss of the gas lights. They are not as bright as modern electric lights, and the House is decorated in dark colours which would have been very practical as they would not show the dirt caused by coal fires. Dominating the hallway is a portrait of a man thought to be Miss Toward’s grandfather, James Toward, who lived at Bonhill near Dumbarton and was an engraver of patterns for calico.
The parlour has a chenille table cover and white tablecloth and is set for afternoon tea. The rosewood piano is piled with sheet music containing traditional Scottish ballads and popular songs and dances of the Edwardian period. The chairs are covered with gleaming black horsehair. The white china bell handle by the fireplace, intended for summoning the maid, was installed in the 1890s when domestic service was cheap and many families in Buccleuch Street would have had a maidservant. The set-in bed behind a door in the corner was an economical way of providing extra sleeping space.
There is a typical Glasgow tenement kitchen. The black cast-iron range dominates one wall. Opposite sits the coalbunker and the fitted shelves with the china and cooking implements such as the ‘tattie champer’ for mashing potatoes and the spirtle for stirring porridge. Sitting beside the low sink at the window are the zinc washboard and a Victorian clothes wringer. Some samples of washing hang on the clothes pulley overhead. Tucked behind the door is the recess bed, high off the ground to provide useful storage space underneath and with long curtains which could be closed for privacy or to hide the bed during the day.
The bedroom has a traditional iron and brass bedstead, covered with a typical white cotton bed mat. A set of pretty china jugs and a basin sit on top of the marble-topped washstand. Among the items on the dressing table are glass perfume bottles and a small brass and shell watch holder. On top of the wardrobe are suitcases which Miss Toward would pack when going on holiday.
When this tenement was built in 1892, most tenement dwellers shared a toilet with their neighbours. Often this was on the stair landing, but it could even be outside in the back court. The 1892 Act, which was supposed to force landlords to provide indoor water closets for their tenants, was not entirely successful and some flats still had outside toilets as late as the early 1960s. Landlords who complied with the law passed the expense on to tenants in the form of higher rents.
When the Toward ladies came to live in Buccleuch Street in 1911, the bathroom would have been considered luxurious by the standards of the day. It has a deep enamelled cast iron bath with brass fittings, a marble-effect wash-basin with mixer taps and a toilet with a heavy wooden seat and china-handled pull chain. Other interesting features are: the gas meter which sits on a small shelf above the bath; the cold water tank for the bath in the flat below (the tank for this flat was in the flat upstairs!); the assortment of old medicine bottles on the shelf at the window; the brass can used for carrying hot water to the wash-stand in the bedroom; and the laundry basket hanging on a hook above the bath.
How can a product with 9 pages of adverse side effects be advertised as SAFE FOR KIDS 5+
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APPENDIX 1. LIST OF ADVERSE EVENTS OF SPECIAL INTEREST 1p36 deletion syndrome;2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria;5'nucleotidase increased;Acoustic neuritis;Acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency;Acquired epidermolysis bullosa;Acquired epileptic aphasia;Acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus;Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis;Acute encephalitis with refractory, repetitive partial seizures;Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis;Acute flaccid myelitis;Acute haemorrhagic leukoencephalitis;Acute haemorrhagic oedema of infancy;Acute kidney injury;Acute macular outer retinopathy;Acute motor axonal neuropathy;Acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy;Acute myocardial infarction;Acute respiratory distress syndrome;Acute respiratory failure;Addison's disease;Administration site thrombosis;Administration site vasculitis;Adrenal thrombosis;Adverse event following immunisation;Ageusia;Agranulocytosis;Air embolism;Alanine aminotransferase abnormal;Alanine aminotransferase increased;Alcoholic seizure;Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis;Allergic oedema;Alloimmune hepatitis;Alopecia areata;Alpers disease;Alveolar proteinosis;Ammonia abnormal;Ammonia increased;Amniotic cavity infection;Amygdalohippocampectomy;Amyloid arthropathy;Amyloidosis;Amyloidosis senile;Anaphylactic reaction;Anaphylactic shock;Anaphylactic transfusion reaction;Anaphylactoid reaction;Anaphylactoid shock;Anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy;Angioedema;Angiopathic neuropathy;Ankylosing spondylitis;Anosmia;Antiacetylcholine receptor antibody positive;Anti-actin antibody positive;Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody positive;Anti-basal ganglia antibody positive;Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody positive;Anti-epithelial antibody positive;Anti-erythrocyte antibody positive;Anti-exosome complex antibody positive;AntiGAD antibody negative;Anti-GAD antibody positive;Anti-ganglioside antibody positive;Antigliadin antibody positive;Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody positive;Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease;Anti-glycyl-tRNA synthetase antibody positive;Anti-HLA antibody test positive;Anti-IA2 antibody positive;Anti-insulin antibody increased;Anti-insulin antibody positive;Anti-insulin receptor antibody increased;Antiinsulin receptor antibody positive;Anti-interferon antibody negative;Anti-interferon antibody positive;Anti-islet cell antibody positive;Antimitochondrial antibody positive;Anti-muscle specific kinase antibody positive;Anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein antibodies positive;Anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein associated polyneuropathy;Antimyocardial antibody positive;Anti-neuronal antibody positive;Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody increased;Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positive;Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positive vasculitis;Anti-NMDA antibody positive;Antinuclear antibody increased;Antinuclear antibody positive;Antiphospholipid antibodies positive;Antiphospholipid syndrome;Anti-platelet antibody positive;Anti-prothrombin antibody positive;Antiribosomal P antibody positive;Anti-RNA polymerase III antibody positive;Anti-saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody test positive;Anti-sperm antibody positive;Anti-SRP antibody positive;Antisynthetase syndrome;Anti-thyroid antibody positive;Anti-transglutaminase antibody increased;Anti-VGCC antibody positive;AntiVGKC antibody positive;Anti-vimentin antibody positive;Antiviral prophylaxis;Antiviral treatment;Anti-zinc transporter 8 antibody positive;Aortic embolus;Aortic thrombosis;Aortitis;Aplasia pure red cell;Aplastic anaemia;Application site thrombosis;Application site vasculitis;Arrhythmia;Arterial bypass occlusion;Arterial bypass thrombosis;Arterial thrombosis;Arteriovenous fistula thrombosis;Arteriovenous graft site stenosis;Arteriovenous graft thrombosis;Arteritis;Arteritis
coronary;Arthralgia;Arthritis;Arthritis enteropathic;Ascites;Aseptic cavernous sinus thrombosis;Aspartate aminotransferase abnormal;Aspartate aminotransferase increased;Aspartate-glutamate-transporter deficiency;AST to platelet ratio index increased;AST/ALT ratio abnormal;Asthma;Asymptomatic COVID19;Ataxia;Atheroembolism;Atonic seizures;Atrial thrombosis;Atrophic thyroiditis;Atypical benign partial epilepsy;Atypical pneumonia;Aura;Autoantibody positive;Autoimmune anaemia;Autoimmune aplastic anaemia;Autoimmune arthritis;Autoimmune blistering disease;Autoimmune cholangitis;Autoimmune colitis;Autoimmune demyelinating disease;Autoimmune dermatitis;Autoimmune disorder;Autoimmune encephalopathy;Autoimmune endocrine disorder;Autoimmune enteropathy;Autoimmune eye disorder;Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia;Autoimmune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia;Autoimmune hepatitis;Autoimmune hyperlipidaemia;Autoimmune hypothyroidism;Autoimmune inner ear disease;Autoimmune lung disease;Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome;Autoimmune myocarditis;Autoimmune myositis;Autoimmune nephritis;Autoimmune neuropathy;Autoimmune neutropenia;Autoimmune pancreatitis;Autoimmune pancytopenia;Autoimmune pericarditis;Autoimmune retinopathy;Autoimmune thyroid disorder;Autoimmune thyroiditis;Autoimmune uveitis;Autoinflammation with infantile enterocolitis;Autoinflammatory disease;Automatism epileptic;Autonomic nervous system imbalance;Autonomic seizure;Axial spondyloarthritis;Axillary vein thrombosis;Axonal and demyelinating polyneuropathy;Axonal neuropathy;Bacterascites;Baltic myoclonic epilepsy;Band sensation;Basedow's disease;Basilar artery thrombosis;Basophilopenia;B-cell aplasia;Behcet's syndrome;Benign ethnic neutropenia;Benign familial neonatal convulsions;Benign familial pemphigus;Benign rolandic epilepsy;Beta-2 glycoprotein antibody positive;Bickerstaff's encephalitis;Bile output abnormal;Bile output decreased;Biliary ascites;Bilirubin conjugated abnormal;Bilirubin conjugated increased;Bilirubin urine present;Biopsy liver abnormal;Biotinidase deficiency;Birdshot chorioretinopathy;Blood alkaline phosphatase abnormal;Blood alkaline phosphatase increased;Blood bilirubin abnormal;Blood bilirubin increased;Blood bilirubin unconjugated increased;Blood cholinesterase abnormal;Blood cholinesterase decreased;Blood pressure decreased;Blood pressure diastolic decreased;Blood pressure systolic decreased;Blue toe syndrome;Brachiocephalic vein thrombosis;Brain stem embolism;Brain stem thrombosis;Bromosulphthalein test abnormal;Bronchial oedema;Bronchitis;Bronchitis mycoplasmal;Bronchitis viral;Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis allergic;Bronchospasm;BuddChiari syndrome;Bulbar palsy;Butterfly rash;C1q nephropathy;Caesarean section;Calcium embolism;Capillaritis;Caplan's syndrome;Cardiac amyloidosis;Cardiac arrest;Cardiac failure;Cardiac failure acute;Cardiac sarcoidosis;Cardiac ventricular thrombosis;Cardiogenic shock;Cardiolipin antibody positive;Cardiopulmonary failure;Cardio-respiratory arrest;Cardio-respiratory distress;Cardiovascular insufficiency;Carotid arterial embolus;Carotid artery thrombosis;Cataplexy;Catheter site thrombosis;Catheter site vasculitis;Cavernous sinus thrombosis;CDKL5 deficiency disorder;CEC syndrome;Cement embolism;Central nervous system lupus;Central nervous system vasculitis;Cerebellar artery thrombosis;Cerebellar embolism;Cerebral amyloid angiopathy;Cerebral arteritis;Cerebral artery embolism;Cerebral artery thrombosis;Cerebral gas embolism;Cerebral microembolism;Cerebral septic infarct;Cerebral thrombosis;Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis;Cerebral venous thrombosis;Cerebrospinal thrombotic
tamponade;Cerebrovascular accident;Change in seizure presentation;Chest discomfort;ChildPugh-Turcotte score abnormal;Child-Pugh-Turcotte score increased;Chillblains;Choking;Choking sensation;Cholangitis sclerosing;Chronic autoimmune glomerulonephritis;Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus;Chronic fatigue syndrome;Chronic gastritis;Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy;Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids;Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis;Chronic respiratory failure;Chronic spontaneous urticaria;Circulatory collapse;Circumoral oedema;Circumoral swelling;Clinically isolated syndrome;Clonic convulsion;Coeliac disease;Cogan's syndrome;Cold agglutinins positive;Cold type haemolytic anaemia;Colitis;Colitis erosive;Colitis herpes;Colitis microscopic;Colitis ulcerative;Collagen disorder;Collagen-vascular disease;Complement factor abnormal;Complement factor C1 decreased;Complement factor C2 decreased;Complement factor C3 decreased;Complement factor C4 decreased;Complement factor decreased;Computerised tomogram liver abnormal;Concentric sclerosis;Congenital anomaly;Congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome;Congenital herpes simplex infection;Congenital myasthenic syndrome;Congenital varicella infection;Congestive hepatopathy;Convulsion in childhood;Convulsions local;Convulsive threshold lowered;Coombs positive haemolytic anaemia;Coronary artery disease;Coronary artery embolism;Coronary artery thrombosis;Coronary bypass thrombosis;Coronavirus infection;Coronavirus test;Coronavirus test negative;Coronavirus test positive;Corpus callosotomy;Cough;Cough variant asthma;COVID-19;COVID-19 immunisation;COVID-19 pneumonia;COVID-19 prophylaxis;COVID-19 treatment;Cranial nerve disorder;Cranial nerve palsies multiple;Cranial nerve paralysis;CREST syndrome;Crohn's disease;Cryofibrinogenaemia;Cryoglobulinaemia;CSF oligoclonal band present;CSWS syndrome;Cutaneous amyloidosis;Cutaneous lupus erythematosus;Cutaneous sarcoidosis;Cutaneous vasculitis;Cyanosis;Cyclic neutropenia;Cystitis interstitial;Cytokine release syndrome;Cytokine storm;De novo purine synthesis inhibitors associated acute inflammatory syndrome;Death neonatal;Deep vein thrombosis;Deep vein thrombosis postoperative;Deficiency of bile secretion;Deja vu;Demyelinating polyneuropathy;Demyelination;Dermatitis;Dermatitis bullous;Dermatitis herpetiformis;Dermatomyositis;Device embolisation;Device related thrombosis;Diabetes mellitus;Diabetic ketoacidosis;Diabetic mastopathy;Dialysis amyloidosis;Dialysis membrane reaction;Diastolic hypotension;Diffuse vasculitis;Digital pitting scar;Disseminated intravascular coagulation;Disseminated intravascular coagulation in newborn;Disseminated neonatal herpes simplex;Disseminated varicella;Disseminated varicella zoster vaccine virus infection;Disseminated varicella zoster virus infection;DNA antibody positive;Double cortex syndrome;Double stranded DNA antibody positive;Dreamy state;Dressler's syndrome;Drop attacks;Drug withdrawal convulsions;Dyspnoea;Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy with burst-suppression;Eclampsia;Eczema herpeticum;Embolia cutis medicamentosa;Embolic cerebellar infarction;Embolic cerebral infarction;Embolic pneumonia;Embolic stroke;Embolism;Embolism arterial;Embolism venous;Encephalitis;Encephalitis allergic;Encephalitis autoimmune;Encephalitis brain stem;Encephalitis haemorrhagic;Encephalitis periaxialis diffusa;Encephalitis post immunisation;Encephalomyelitis;Encephalopathy;Endocrine disorder;Endocrine ophthalmopathy;Endotracheal intubation;Enteritis;Enteritis leukopenic;Enterobacter pneumonia;Enterocolitis;Enteropathic spondylitis;Eosinopenia;Eosinophilic
fasciitis;Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis;Eosinophilic oesophagitis;Epidermolysis;Epilepsy;Epilepsy surgery;Epilepsy with myoclonic-atonic seizures;Epileptic aura;Epileptic psychosis;Erythema;Erythema induratum;Erythema multiforme;Erythema nodosum;Evans syndrome;Exanthema subitum;Expanded disability status scale score decreased;Expanded disability status scale score increased;Exposure to communicable disease;Exposure to SARS-CoV-2;Eye oedema;Eye pruritus;Eye swelling;Eyelid oedema;Face oedema;Facial paralysis;Facial paresis;Faciobrachial dystonic seizure;Fat embolism;Febrile convulsion;Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome;Febrile neutropenia;Felty's syndrome;Femoral artery embolism;Fibrillary glomerulonephritis;Fibromyalgia;Flushing;Foaming at mouth;Focal cortical resection;Focal dyscognitive seizures;Foetal distress syndrome;Foetal placental thrombosis;Foetor hepaticus;Foreign body embolism;Frontal lobe epilepsy;Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus;Galactose elimination capacity test abnormal;Galactose elimination capacity test decreased;Gamma-glutamyltransferase abnormal;Gamma-glutamyltransferase increased;Gastritis herpes;Gastrointestinal amyloidosis;Gelastic seizure;Generalised onset non-motor seizure;Generalised tonic-clonic seizure;Genital herpes;Genital herpes simplex;Genital herpes zoster;Giant cell arteritis;Glomerulonephritis;Glomerulonephritis membranoproliferative;Glomerulonephritis membranous;Glomerulonephritis rapidly progressive;Glossopharyngeal nerve paralysis;Glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome;Glutamate dehydrogenase increased;Glycocholic acid increased;GM2 gangliosidosis;Goodpasture's syndrome;Graft thrombosis;Granulocytopenia;Granulocytopenia neonatal;Granulomatosis with polyangiitis;Granulomatous dermatitis;Grey matter heterotopia;Guanase increased;GuillainBarre syndrome;Haemolytic anaemia;Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis;Haemorrhage;Haemorrhagic ascites;Haemorrhagic disorder;Haemorrhagic pneumonia;Haemorrhagic varicella syndrome;Haemorrhagic vasculitis;Hantavirus pulmonary infection;Hashimoto's encephalopathy;Hashitoxicosis;Hemimegalencephaly;Henoch-Schonlein purpura;HenochSchonlein purpura nephritis;Hepaplastin abnormal;Hepaplastin decreased;Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia;Hepatic amyloidosis;Hepatic artery embolism;Hepatic artery flow decreased;Hepatic artery thrombosis;Hepatic enzyme abnormal;Hepatic enzyme decreased;Hepatic enzyme increased;Hepatic fibrosis marker abnormal;Hepatic fibrosis marker increased;Hepatic function abnormal;Hepatic hydrothorax;Hepatic hypertrophy;Hepatic hypoperfusion;Hepatic lymphocytic infiltration;Hepatic mass;Hepatic pain;Hepatic sequestration;Hepatic vascular resistance increased;Hepatic vascular thrombosis;Hepatic vein embolism;Hepatic vein thrombosis;Hepatic venous pressure gradient abnormal;Hepatic venous pressure gradient increased;Hepatitis;Hepatobiliary scan abnormal;Hepatomegaly;Hepatosplenomegaly;Hereditary angioedema with C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency;Herpes dermatitis;Herpes gestationis;Herpes oesophagitis;Herpes ophthalmic;Herpes pharyngitis;Herpes sepsis;Herpes simplex;Herpes simplex cervicitis;Herpes simplex colitis;Herpes simplex encephalitis;Herpes simplex gastritis;Herpes simplex hepatitis;Herpes simplex meningitis;Herpes simplex meningoencephalitis;Herpes simplex meningomyelitis;Herpes simplex necrotising retinopathy;Herpes simplex oesophagitis;Herpes simplex otitis externa;Herpes simplex pharyngitis;Herpes simplex pneumonia;Herpes simplex reactivation;Herpes simplex sepsis;Herpes simplex viraemia;Herpes simplex virus conjunctivitis neonatal;Herpes simplex visceral;Herpes virus
infection;Herpes zoster;Herpes zoster cutaneous disseminated;Herpes zoster infection neurological;Herpes zoster meningitis;Herpes zoster meningoencephalitis;Herpes zoster meningomyelitis;Herpes zoster meningoradiculitis;Herpes zoster necrotising retinopathy;Herpes zoster oticus;Herpes zoster pharyngitis;Herpes zoster reactivation;Herpetic radiculopathy;Histone antibody positive;Hoigne's syndrome;Human herpesvirus 6 encephalitis;Human herpesvirus 6 infection;Human herpesvirus 6 infection reactivation;Human herpesvirus 7 infection;Human herpesvirus 8 infection;Hyperammonaemia;Hyperbilirubinaemia;Hypercholia;Hypergammaglobulinaemia benign monoclonal;Hyperglycaemic seizure;Hypersensitivity;Hypersensitivity vasculitis;Hyperthyroidism;Hypertransaminasaemia;Hyperventilation;Hypoalbuminaemia;H ypocalcaemic seizure;Hypogammaglobulinaemia;Hypoglossal nerve paralysis;Hypoglossal nerve paresis;Hypoglycaemic seizure;Hyponatraemic seizure;Hypotension;Hypotensive crisis;Hypothenar hammer syndrome;Hypothyroidism;Hypoxia;Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia;Idiopathic generalised epilepsy;Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia;Idiopathic neutropenia;Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis;IgA nephropathy;IgM nephropathy;IIIrd nerve paralysis;IIIrd nerve paresis;Iliac artery embolism;Immune thrombocytopenia;Immunemediated adverse reaction;Immune-mediated cholangitis;Immune-mediated cholestasis;Immune-mediated cytopenia;Immune-mediated encephalitis;Immune-mediated encephalopathy;Immune-mediated endocrinopathy;Immune-mediated enterocolitis;Immunemediated gastritis;Immune-mediated hepatic disorder;Immune-mediated hepatitis;Immunemediated hyperthyroidism;Immune-mediated hypothyroidism;Immune-mediated myocarditis;Immune-mediated myositis;Immune-mediated nephritis;Immune-mediated neuropathy;Immune-mediated pancreatitis;Immune-mediated pneumonitis;Immune-mediated renal disorder;Immune-mediated thyroiditis;Immune-mediated uveitis;Immunoglobulin G4 related disease;Immunoglobulins abnormal;Implant site thrombosis;Inclusion body myositis;Infantile genetic agranulocytosis;Infantile spasms;Infected vasculitis;Infective thrombosis;Inflammation;Inflammatory bowel disease;Infusion site thrombosis;Infusion site vasculitis;Injection site thrombosis;Injection site urticaria;Injection site vasculitis;Instillation site thrombosis;Insulin autoimmune syndrome;Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis;Interstitial lung disease;Intracardiac mass;Intracardiac thrombus;Intracranial pressure increased;Intrapericardial thrombosis;Intrinsic factor antibody abnormal;Intrinsic factor antibody positive;IPEX syndrome;Irregular breathing;IRVAN syndrome;IVth nerve paralysis;IVth nerve paresis;JC polyomavirus test positive;JC virus CSF test positive;Jeavons syndrome;Jugular vein embolism;Jugular vein thrombosis;Juvenile idiopathic arthritis;Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy;Juvenile polymyositis;Juvenile psoriatic arthritis;Juvenile spondyloarthritis;Kaposi sarcoma inflammatory cytokine syndrome;Kawasaki's disease;Kayser-Fleischer ring;Keratoderma blenorrhagica;Ketosisprone diabetes mellitus;Kounis syndrome;Lafora's myoclonic epilepsy;Lambl's excrescences;Laryngeal dyspnoea;Laryngeal oedema;Laryngeal rheumatoid arthritis;Laryngospasm;Laryngotracheal oedema;Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults;LE cells present;Lemierre syndrome;Lennox-Gastaut syndrome;Leucine aminopeptidase increased;Leukoencephalomyelitis;Leukoencephalopathy;Leukopenia;Leukopenia neonatal;Lewis-Sumner syndrome;Lhermitte's sign;Lichen planopilaris;Lichen planus;Lichen sclerosus;Limbic encephalitis;Linear IgA disease;Lip oedema;Lip swelling;Liver function test abnormal;Liver function test decreased;Liver function test increased;Liver induration;Liver injury;Liver iron concentration abnormal;Liver iron concentration
increased;Liver opacity;Liver palpable;Liver sarcoidosis;Liver scan abnormal;Liver tenderness;Low birth weight baby;Lower respiratory tract herpes infection;Lower respiratory tract infection;Lower respiratory tract infection viral;Lung abscess;Lupoid hepatic cirrhosis;Lupus cystitis;Lupus encephalitis;Lupus endocarditis;Lupus enteritis;Lupus hepatitis;Lupus myocarditis;Lupus myositis;Lupus nephritis;Lupus pancreatitis;Lupus pleurisy;Lupus pneumonitis;Lupus vasculitis;Lupus-like syndrome;Lymphocytic hypophysitis;Lymphocytopenia neonatal;Lymphopenia;MAGIC syndrome;Magnetic resonance imaging liver abnormal;Magnetic resonance proton density fat fraction measurement;Mahler sign;Manufacturing laboratory analytical testing issue;Manufacturing materials issue;Manufacturing production issue;Marburg's variant multiple sclerosis;Marchiafava-Bignami disease;Marine Lenhart syndrome;Mastocytic enterocolitis;Maternal exposure during pregnancy;Medical device site thrombosis;Medical device site vasculitis;MELAS syndrome;Meningitis;Meningitis aseptic;Meningitis herpes;Meningoencephalitis herpes simplex neonatal;Meningoencephalitis herpetic;Meningomyelitis herpes;MERS-CoV test;MERS-CoV test negative;MERS-CoV test positive;Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis;Mesenteric artery embolism;Mesenteric artery thrombosis;Mesenteric vein thrombosis;Metapneumovirus infection;Metastatic cutaneous Crohn's disease;Metastatic pulmonary embolism;Microangiopathy;Microembolism;Microscopic polyangiitis;Middle East respiratory syndrome;Migraine-triggered seizure;Miliary pneumonia;Miller Fisher syndrome;Mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase increased;Mixed connective tissue disease;Model for end stage liver disease score abnormal;Model for end stage liver disease score increased;Molar ratio of total branched-chain amino acid to tyrosine;Molybdenum cofactor deficiency;Monocytopenia;Mononeuritis;Mononeuropathy multiplex;Morphoea;Morvan syndrome;Mouth swelling;Moyamoya disease;Multifocal motor neuropathy;Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome;Multiple sclerosis;Multiple sclerosis relapse;Multiple sclerosis relapse prophylaxis;Multiple subpial transection;Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children;Muscular sarcoidosis;Myasthenia gravis;Myasthenia gravis crisis;Myasthenia gravis neonatal;Myasthenic syndrome;Myelitis;Myelitis transverse;Myocardial infarction;Myocarditis;Myocarditis post infection;Myoclonic epilepsy;Myoclonic epilepsy and ragged-red fibres;Myokymia;Myositis;Narcolepsy;Nasal herpes;Nasal obstruction;Necrotising herpetic retinopathy;Neonatal Crohn's disease;Neonatal epileptic seizure;Neonatal lupus erythematosus;Neonatal mucocutaneous herpes simplex;Neonatal pneumonia;Neonatal seizure;Nephritis;Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis;Neuralgic amyotrophy;Neuritis;Neuritis cranial;Neuromyelitis optica pseudo relapse;Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder;Neuromyotonia;Neuronal neuropathy;Neuropathy peripheral;Neuropathy, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa syndrome;Neuropsychiatric lupus;Neurosarcoidosis;Neutropenia;Neutropenia neonatal;Neutropenic colitis;Neutropenic infection;Neutropenic sepsis;Nodular rash;Nodular vasculitis;Noninfectious myelitis;Noninfective encephalitis;Noninfective encephalomyelitis;Noninfective oophoritis;Obstetrical pulmonary embolism;Occupational exposure to communicable disease;Occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2;Ocular hyperaemia;Ocular myasthenia;Ocular pemphigoid;Ocular sarcoidosis;Ocular vasculitis;Oculofacial paralysis;Oedema;Oedema blister;Oedema due to hepatic disease;Oedema mouth;Oesophageal achalasia;Ophthalmic artery thrombosis;Ophthalmic herpes simplex;Ophthalmic herpes zoster;Ophthalmic vein thrombosis;Optic neuritis;Optic
neuropathy;Optic perineuritis;Oral herpes;Oral lichen planus;Oropharyngeal oedema;Oropharyngeal spasm;Oropharyngeal swelling;Osmotic demyelination syndrome;Ovarian vein thrombosis;Overlap syndrome;Paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection;Paget-Schroetter syndrome;Palindromic rheumatism;Palisaded neutrophilic granulomatous dermatitis;Palmoplantar keratoderma;Palpable purpura;Pancreatitis;Panencephalitis;Papillophlebitis;Paracancerous pneumonia;Paradoxical embolism;Parainfluenzae viral laryngotracheobronchitis;Paraneoplastic dermatomyositis;Paraneoplastic pemphigus;Paraneoplastic thrombosis;Paresis cranial nerve;Parietal cell antibody positive;Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria;Partial seizures;Partial seizures with secondary generalisation;Patient isolation;Pelvic venous thrombosis;Pemphigoid;Pemphigus;Penile vein thrombosis;Pericarditis;Pericarditis lupus;Perihepatic discomfort;Periorbital oedema;Periorbital swelling;Peripheral artery thrombosis;Peripheral embolism;Peripheral ischaemia;Peripheral vein thrombus extension;Periportal oedema;Peritoneal fluid protein abnormal;Peritoneal fluid protein decreased;Peritoneal fluid protein increased;Peritonitis lupus;Pernicious anaemia;Petit mal epilepsy;Pharyngeal oedema;Pharyngeal swelling;Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta;Placenta praevia;Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis;Pneumobilia;Pneumonia;Pneumonia adenoviral;Pneumonia cytomegaloviral;Pneumonia herpes viral;Pneumonia influenzal;Pneumonia measles;Pneumonia mycoplasmal;Pneumonia necrotising;Pneumonia parainfluenzae viral;Pneumonia respiratory syncytial viral;Pneumonia viral;POEMS syndrome;Polyarteritis nodosa;Polyarthritis;Polychondritis;Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type I;Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type II;Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type III;Polyglandular disorder;Polymicrogyria;Polymyalgia rheumatica;Polymyositis;Polyneuropathy;Polyneuropathy idiopathic progressive;Portal pyaemia;Portal vein embolism;Portal vein flow decreased;Portal vein pressure increased;Portal vein thrombosis;Portosplenomesenteric venous thrombosis;Post procedural hypotension;Post procedural pneumonia;Post procedural pulmonary embolism;Post stroke epilepsy;Post stroke seizure;Post thrombotic retinopathy;Post thrombotic syndrome;Post viral fatigue syndrome;Postictal headache;Postictal paralysis;Postictal psychosis;Postictal state;Postoperative respiratory distress;Postoperative respiratory failure;Postoperative thrombosis;Postpartum thrombosis;Postpartum venous thrombosis;Postpericardiotomy syndrome;Post-traumatic epilepsy;Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome;Precerebral artery thrombosis;Pre-eclampsia;Preictal state;Premature labour;Premature menopause;Primary amyloidosis;Primary biliary cholangitis;Primary progressive multiple sclerosis;Procedural shock;Proctitis herpes;Proctitis ulcerative;Product availability issue;Product distribution issue;Product supply issue;Progressive facial hemiatrophy;Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy;Progressive multiple sclerosis;Progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis;Prosthetic cardiac valve thrombosis;Pruritus;Pruritus allergic;Pseudovasculitis;Psoriasis;Psoriatic arthropathy;Pulmonary amyloidosis;Pulmonary artery thrombosis;Pulmonary embolism;Pulmonary fibrosis;Pulmonary haemorrhage;Pulmonary microemboli;Pulmonary oil microembolism;Pulmonary renal syndrome;Pulmonary sarcoidosis;Pulmonary sepsis;Pulmonary thrombosis;Pulmonary tumour thrombotic microangiopathy;Pulmonary vasculitis;Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease;Pulmonary venous thrombosis;Pyoderma gangrenosum;Pyostomatitis vegetans;Pyrexia;Quarantine;Radiation leukopenia;Radiculitis
brachial;Radiologically isolated syndrome;Rash;Rash erythematous;Rash pruritic;Rasmussen encephalitis;Raynaud's phenomenon;Reactive capillary endothelial proliferation;Relapsing multiple sclerosis;Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis;Renal amyloidosis;Renal arteritis;Renal artery thrombosis;Renal embolism;Renal failure;Renal vascular thrombosis;Renal vasculitis;Renal vein embolism;Renal vein thrombosis;Respiratory arrest;Respiratory disorder;Respiratory distress;Respiratory failure;Respiratory paralysis;Respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis;Respiratory syncytial virus bronchitis;Retinal artery embolism;Retinal artery occlusion;Retinal artery thrombosis;Retinal vascular thrombosis;Retinal vasculitis;Retinal vein occlusion;Retinal vein thrombosis;Retinol binding protein decreased;Retinopathy;Retrograde portal vein flow;Retroperitoneal fibrosis;Reversible airways obstruction;Reynold's syndrome;Rheumatic brain disease;Rheumatic disorder;Rheumatoid arthritis;Rheumatoid factor increased;Rheumatoid factor positive;Rheumatoid factor quantitative increased;Rheumatoid lung;Rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatosis;Rheumatoid nodule;Rheumatoid nodule removal;Rheumatoid scleritis;Rheumatoid vasculitis;Saccadic eye movement;SAPHO syndrome;Sarcoidosis;SARS-CoV-1 test;SARS-CoV-1 test negative;SARS-CoV-1 test positive;SARS-CoV-2 antibody test;SARS-CoV-2 antibody test negative;SARS-CoV-2 antibody test positive;SARS-CoV-2 carrier;SARS-CoV-2 sepsis;SARS-CoV-2 test;SARSCoV-2 test false negative;SARS-CoV-2 test false positive;SARS-CoV-2 test negative;SARSCoV-2 test positive;SARS-CoV-2 viraemia;Satoyoshi syndrome;Schizencephaly;Scleritis;Sclerodactylia;Scleroderma;Scleroderma associated digital ulcer;Scleroderma renal crisis;Scleroderma-like reaction;Secondary amyloidosis;Secondary cerebellar degeneration;Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis;Segmented hyalinising vasculitis;Seizure;Seizure anoxic;Seizure cluster;Seizure like phenomena;Seizure prophylaxis;Sensation of foreign body;Septic embolus;Septic pulmonary embolism;Severe acute respiratory syndrome;Severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy;Shock;Shock symptom;Shrinking lung syndrome;Shunt thrombosis;Silent thyroiditis;Simple partial seizures;Sjogren's syndrome;Skin swelling;SLE arthritis;Smooth muscle antibody positive;Sneezing;Spinal artery embolism;Spinal artery thrombosis;Splenic artery thrombosis;Splenic embolism;Splenic thrombosis;Splenic vein thrombosis;Spondylitis;Spondyloarthropathy;Spontaneous heparin-induced thrombocytopenia syndrome;Status epilepticus;Stevens-Johnson syndrome;Stiff leg syndrome;Stiff person syndrome;Stillbirth;Still's disease;Stoma site thrombosis;Stoma site vasculitis;Stress cardiomyopathy;Stridor;Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus;Subacute endocarditis;Subacute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy;Subclavian artery embolism;Subclavian artery thrombosis;Subclavian vein thrombosis;Sudden unexplained death in epilepsy;Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis;Susac's syndrome;Suspected COVID19;Swelling;Swelling face;Swelling of eyelid;Swollen tongue;Sympathetic ophthalmia;Systemic lupus erythematosus;Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index abnormal;Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index decreased;Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index increased;Systemic lupus erythematosus rash;Systemic scleroderma;Systemic sclerosis pulmonary;Tachycardia;Tachypnoea;Takayasu's arteritis;Temporal lobe epilepsy;Terminal ileitis;Testicular autoimmunity;Throat tightness;Thromboangiitis obliterans;Thrombocytopenia;Thrombocytopenic purpura;Thrombophlebitis;Thrombophlebitis migrans;Thrombophlebitis
neonatal;Thrombophlebitis septic;Thrombophlebitis superficial;Thromboplastin antibody positive;Thrombosis;Thrombosis corpora cavernosa;Thrombosis in device;Thrombosis mesenteric vessel;Thrombotic cerebral infarction;Thrombotic microangiopathy;Thrombotic stroke;Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura;Thyroid disorder;Thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin increased;Thyroiditis;Tongue amyloidosis;Tongue biting;Tongue oedema;Tonic clonic movements;Tonic convulsion;Tonic posturing;Topectomy;Total bile acids increased;Toxic epidermal necrolysis;Toxic leukoencephalopathy;Toxic oil syndrome;Tracheal obstruction;Tracheal oedema;Tracheobronchitis;Tracheobronchitis mycoplasmal;Tracheobronchitis viral;Transaminases abnormal;Transaminases increased;Transfusion-related alloimmune neutropenia;Transient epileptic amnesia;Transverse sinus thrombosis;Trigeminal nerve paresis;Trigeminal neuralgia;Trigeminal palsy;Truncus coeliacus thrombosis;Tuberous sclerosis complex;Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome;Tumefactive multiple sclerosis;Tumour embolism;Tumour thrombosis;Type 1 diabetes mellitus;Type I hypersensitivity;Type III immune complex mediated reaction;Uhthoff's phenomenon;Ulcerative keratitis;Ultrasound liver abnormal;Umbilical cord thrombosis;Uncinate fits;Undifferentiated connective tissue disease;Upper airway obstruction;Urine bilirubin increased;Urobilinogen urine decreased;Urobilinogen urine increased;Urticaria;Urticaria papular;Urticarial vasculitis;Uterine rupture;Uveitis;Vaccination site thrombosis;Vaccination site vasculitis;Vagus nerve paralysis;Varicella;Varicella keratitis;Varicella post vaccine;Varicella zoster gastritis;Varicella zoster oesophagitis;Varicella zoster pneumonia;Varicella zoster sepsis;Varicella zoster virus infection;Vasa praevia;Vascular graft thrombosis;Vascular pseudoaneurysm thrombosis;Vascular purpura;Vascular stent thrombosis;Vasculitic rash;Vasculitic ulcer;Vasculitis;Vasculitis gastrointestinal;Vasculitis necrotising;Vena cava embolism;Vena cava thrombosis;Venous intravasation;Venous recanalisation;Venous thrombosis;Venous thrombosis in pregnancy;Venous thrombosis limb;Venous thrombosis neonatal;Vertebral artery thrombosis;Vessel puncture site thrombosis;Visceral venous thrombosis;VIth nerve paralysis;VIth nerve paresis;Vitiligo;Vocal cord paralysis;Vocal cord paresis;Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease;Warm type haemolytic anaemia;Wheezing;White nipple sign;XIth nerve paralysis;X-ray hepatobiliary abnormal;Young's syndrome;Zika virus associated Guillain Barre syndrome.
Seguros Priza te comenta que la dermatitis es una inflamación que se produce en la piel, provocando erupción cutánea, hinchazón y enrojecimiento de la piel, por lo cual es recomendable acudir a un especialista en medicina para tratar ese tipo de problemas.
Serial Number 74
MFR Year 1929
If 5-AT-74 could speak, the stories she could tell of her incredible history. In her infancy from 1929 to 1931, she was one of the first Tri-Motors equipped with twin metal floats, accumulating nearly 250 hours as the Ford Motor Company's factory demonstrator as a seaplane on the Detroit River. Then sold to Pan Am in 1931, she flew scheduled routes out of Miami into Central America.
In 1935, 5-AT-74 moved south of the border and began operations in Mexico City, for Cia Mexicana de Aviacion registered as XA-BCX and later XA-BKS. It came back to Pan American in 1936 and then back to Cia Mexicana de Aviacion. In May 1941, it moved further south to Guatemala operating for Cia Guatemalteca de Aviacion in Guatemala City. 5-AT-74 stayed in Guatemala operating as LG-AFA until 1950.
Recovered by Robert Waltermire in March 1950, 5-AT-74 was returned to the United States and was reconditioned for use as an aerial sprayer fighting a grasshopper plague. At this time Northwest Agricultural Aviation Corp out of Choteau, Montana operated it.
Between 1956 and 1959, 5-AT-74 had a series of owners before finally falling into dereliction and disrepair in Florida. 5-AT-74's salvation came at the hands of John and Katherine Louck of Manmouth, Illinois. When Louck found the aircraft in Florida, it was in less than pristine condition being described as "full of frogs, snakes, bugs, etc." He worked for two weeks cleaning and making the aircraft airworthy to ferry it to Monmouth, Illinois. A myriad of problems caused the trip to take 68 days covering 1700 miles. Louck bought 5-AT-74 with the intention of barnstorming it, and he did! It was reported that in one year 5-AT-74 carried 17,000 passengers, 2800 of which were carried in one five day period at Rockford, Illinois. Louck carried a total of 100,000 passengers in 5-AT-74 while he owned it.
During 1963, it was leased to TWA for a cross-country series of flights starting from Los Angeles, California to Newark, New Jersey. Total time in the air was 27 hours, 48 minutes and total en route was 54 hours, 7 minutes. In February 1965 Louck sold 5-AT-74 to American Airlines in New York City. 5-AT-74 was present at the New York City World's Fair in 1965.
Chuck LeMaster purchased her for barnstorming in the early 1970’s before selling her to Mr. Seibold for “a fairly large amount” in 1977. Shortly afterward repeated its 1965 cross-country trek. This time it made the cross-country flight in company with a Scenic Airlines Twin Otter that was operating as a camera ship. Starting in Long Beach, California it flew to Las Vegas, Nevada. From there 5-AT-74 flew over Lake Mead and Hoover Dam and on to fly the length of the Grand Canyon. 5-AT-74 finished its cross-country trip in 7 days ending at New York's Kennedy Airport. While in New York, 5-AT-74 flew over New York Harbor and past the Twin Towers and the Statue of Liberty. Later it flew on to East Hartford, Connecticut to appear at Pratt and Whitney's 60th anniversary celebration before returning to Las Vegas, Nevada.
During 1983, 5-AT-74 was flown out of the San Fernando Airport by Art Scholl and Bernie Godlove during a brief movie career in which it appeared in the movie "To Be or Not To Be". It's beautiful rainbow was temporarily painted out by dozen's of cans of women's silver hairspray in order for it to represent Hilter's personal German Ju-52. Bernie was the senior (number 1) captain at United Airlines system wide, with over a thousand hours in the Ford. He also headed up a 'type rating' program, as a type rating was required to fly the airplane commercially. Many commercial pilots simply wanted the honor of having "FO-5" (the designator of the Ford Tri-Motor 5AT series) stamped on the back of their licenses. One of those commercial pilots was Bernie's son, Bryan, who is the Captain of the Ford today! Bryan has been at the controls for over twenty years and also has over one thousand hours in the Ford. Bryan's thirteen-year-old son, Kelby, is an up and coming pilot and hopes to someday be the third generation Godlove at the controls of 5-AT-74.
In June 2003, by special invitation, 5-AT-74 participate at the Ford Motor's Company's 100 Year Centennial Anniversary Celebration in Dearborn, Michigan. It joined the EAA's Ford Tri-Motor 4-AT, NC8047, in a special event where the Ford Tri-Motors landed at the original Ford Airport and what was first paved runway in the world (now the FMC Dearborn Proving Grounds) which was the hallowed ground where both airplanes first took flight over seventy fives years ago. A few weeks later 5-AT-74 also participated at Oshkosh Air Venture 2003 flying in a 'Tri-Motor Reunion' with the EAA Ford Tri-Motor, a Bushmaster 2000, a Stinson Tri-Motor and a JU-52.
In September of 2003, 5-AT-74 joined nearly 30 other historic golden age aircraft in the recreation of the National Air Tour from 1932, flying over 4500 miles in 18 days. The National Air Tour 2003 was simply an experience of a lifetime for everyone involved and could easily have volumes written about it. In the mean time, you can read much more at www.nationalairtour.org.
In November 2003, 5-AT-74 returned to Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport at the request of the City of Phoenix to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the first flight in a Ford Tri-Motor from the airport that Grand Canyon Airlines (initially known as Scenic Airways) on November 18, 1928. Guests on board was the honorable Mayor of Phoenix, Skip Rimza.
On September 4, 2004, Grand Canyon Airlines celebrated the 75th birthday of 5-AT-74 by offering rides to the public along with GCA employees, friends, and family members. One of the highlights was being honored with special guest Janie Stanton, the grand-daughter of William B. Stout who designed the Ford 80 years earlier. Janie sat in the right seat on the first flight of the morning, 75 years to the day of 5-AT-74's first flight in Dearborn, Michigan.
Mr. Seibold has begun plans for a Grand Canyon air tour history section in the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Valle (40G) to show his collection of a 1917 Standard J-1, a 1927 Stinson Detroiter SM-1, a 1928 Curtis Robin, a 1929 Travelair 6000A, and of course the 1929 Ford Tri-Motor. He is currently on a quest to acquire at least one of every airplane known to fly air tours for Scenic Airways and Grand Canyon Airlines. The purpose of the display will be to educate the Grand Canyon visitors of the rich aviation history and evolution of the air tour industry of the Grand Canyon. Ironically, the battle continues as the latest round of rules and restrictions from the National Park Service and Federal Aviation Administration have imposed a nearly fatal blow to the air tour operators.
“It’s a travesty,” John Seibold says. “Now after over 80 years of providing millions of visitors the most spectacular and least intrusive way to see the Grand Canyon, our Government and the extreme environmentalists want to remove our service from the list of solutions to preserve and protect it. I truly believe many want to eliminate air tours completely. Our industry has evolved from the early, arguably much noisier and intrusive Tri-Motors to extremely safe and ultra-quiet VISTALINERS, yet we are still punished for what I believe is a user conflict of the Grand Canyon. If he were alive today I wonder what Parker Van Zandt would say if he knew that the industry he began is now in jeopardy of its extinction. The Tri-Motor began a marvelous mode of enjoyment of seeing the Grand Canyon from the air. I want our public to be educated about this issue and understand that the Ford Tri-Motor and Grand Canyon have intertwined histories that should not be forgotten.”
Currently 5-AT-74 is in its home and can be viewed at the Valle Airport (40G) which is located between Williams and Grand Canyon on HWY 64.
The Green Store or locally known as the Henry Farley Addington green store. Henry was the grandson of Capt Henry Morris & Elizabeth Kilgore McConnel
The new modern store which was built and moved into in 1914.
Standing in front H.F. Addington, Sr, Owner and operator, Will Addington, D.J. Addington,
3 salesmen and 2 dogs belonging to Milbourn Nickels
It was in the Addington Frame Community that Henry Farley Addington, Sr.
married Sophia Quillen and brought his bride home to the land he had lived on as a boy
and planned to occupy as a man. Being a shifty man with a head for business,
Mr. Addington went into the grocery business in 1899, one year after he and his bride were married;
but mountain people were very careful about buying. They lived off the land and the things they didn't
grow from their rough hillside farms they would many times have to do without
because there wasn't money to pay for any luxuries. Their land produced everything they needed except sugar, soda, coffee and salt.
Only a few yards from the house where Mother Maybelle Carter was born, Henry Farley Addington, Sr.
began his business as a merchant. It was also inside the first store that he occupied that the local post office was located.
The mail was a slow process in the beginning as it was only delivered to the post office once a week.
Many area residents chose to receive the mail more often so they began delivery twice a week
and in later years the mail was delivered daily. This not only gave the residents a chance to go to the post
office daily; but it also helped Mr. Addington with his business
because when people came to the post office they would many times buy things from the store.
The postmaster at Addington's Store in the year 1899 was Mr. Morris McConnell.
Mail had a slow way of moving from one area to another as the only means of transportation was by horse or horse and buggy.
A business like atmosphere filtered through the quiet Addington Frame Community and
H. F. Addington's Store began to have a booming business.
Despite the many changes that had been brought about by the country store,
much of the life in Valley Creek and the Addington Frame Community remained the same.
Children were still found playing and having fun at every house up and down the creek and ridge.
Many clung to their old habits of sliding down hills of pine needles and "riding" poplar saplings to the ground or from treetop to treetop.
While life in the valley continued, Mr. Addington was busy with the process of
building a new store a hundred yards away from his first store.
He loved his store and the hard work that was involved and he wanted to
build something that everyone in the community could benefit from and
buy what they were in need of and if he didn't have it in stock he wanted to be able to
order if for his customers so everyone could become a satisfied customer.
So in 1914, Henry Farley Addington, Sr. moved into his new modern store building
with all the excitement and enthusiasm of his day. It was in a large building in the
bend of the road overlooking the beautiful Clinch Mountain that he had called home.
He could stand on his large concrete porch and see his home which he and his wife, Sophia,
occupied along with their five children.
They were Olene, Lois, H. F., Jr., Frank, and Ana Lee. He could see his youngsters at play
as they enjoyed the beauty of God's creation and the beautiful Clinch Mountain.
He could glance down in front of his store and view the home of Sara Daugherty,
who was to later become the wife of A. P. Carter. If he continued his view
he could see the home where Maybelle Addington Carter was reared.
He was to watch these two great ladies grow from infancy into young womanhood
and all the time he was able enjoy and listen to their music because they were only home folks,
who like himself, had been reared in the Addington Frame Community.
Sam Addington ran the local blacksmith shop across from the store.
It was there people could leave their horse to be shod while they went across the road to the general store.
To put shoes on a horse with all four shoes it would cost $1.00, and to buy the horse shoes separately,
the cost was according to the size of shoe which was purchased.
If one needed a size No.2 shoe, which was all ready made up, it would cost 10 cents.
A size three or four shoe, made up, would cost 15cents.
One source of contact with the outside world was through the general store
and Mr. Addington had one of the largest and nicest general stores that could be found through out Scott County.
The store was huge for its day with high shelves on either side and a ladder
which was used to climb upon to get items from the top shelves. The ladder was moved from place to place on a track.
There were large long counters running down both sides of the store
with showcases on these counters which displayed various items.
The ceilings were very high so the shelves could be made taller and be able to store more items.
Mr. Addington helped his customers and the members of his community by buying everything
that was brought to him. He would buy rabbits which had been killed and only the entrails removed.
Those rabbits would later be shipped to Baltimore.
He bought anything from a part of a hog to a whole hog which he would cut up himself
and salt down. He bought butter, eggs, chickens, ginseng, may apple root, dried apples,
dried beans, and goldenseal. If anyone brought produce or any item to sell, they would
purchase the groceries they needed, many times they would not trade the full amount
out that was coming to them so Mr. Addington would write a "due bill" and upon their next
visit to the store they would present their "due bill" to him and using their amount from their "due bill", they would buy their groceries.
PottiPants - Diapers beyond Infancy -
tape panel for PottiPants Diapers
these diapers come in all sizes for the very large baby, older child and even adults
This is one of the tape panel decorations and logo for PottiPants diapers
PottiPants - Diapers beyond Infancy -
tape panel for PottiPants Diapers
these diapers come in all sizes for the very large baby, older child and even adults
This is one of the tape panel decorations and logo for PottiPants diapers
Serial Number 74
MFR Year 1929
If 5-AT-74 could speak, the stories she could tell of her incredible history. In her infancy from 1929 to 1931, she was one of the first Tri-Motors equipped with twin metal floats, accumulating nearly 250 hours as the Ford Motor Company's factory demonstrator as a seaplane on the Detroit River. Then sold to Pan Am in 1931, she flew scheduled routes out of Miami into Central America.
In 1935, 5-AT-74 moved south of the border and began operations in Mexico City, for Cia Mexicana de Aviacion registered as XA-BCX and later XA-BKS. It came back to Pan American in 1936 and then back to Cia Mexicana de Aviacion. In May 1941, it moved further south to Guatemala operating for Cia Guatemalteca de Aviacion in Guatemala City. 5-AT-74 stayed in Guatemala operating as LG-AFA until 1950.
Recovered by Robert Waltermire in March 1950, 5-AT-74 was returned to the United States and was reconditioned for use as an aerial sprayer fighting a grasshopper plague. At this time Northwest Agricultural Aviation Corp out of Choteau, Montana operated it.
Between 1956 and 1959, 5-AT-74 had a series of owners before finally falling into dereliction and disrepair in Florida. 5-AT-74's salvation came at the hands of John and Katherine Louck of Manmouth, Illinois. When Louck found the aircraft in Florida, it was in less than pristine condition being described as "full of frogs, snakes, bugs, etc." He worked for two weeks cleaning and making the aircraft airworthy to ferry it to Monmouth, Illinois. A myriad of problems caused the trip to take 68 days covering 1700 miles. Louck bought 5-AT-74 with the intention of barnstorming it, and he did! It was reported that in one year 5-AT-74 carried 17,000 passengers, 2800 of which were carried in one five day period at Rockford, Illinois. Louck carried a total of 100,000 passengers in 5-AT-74 while he owned it.
During 1963, it was leased to TWA for a cross-country series of flights starting from Los Angeles, California to Newark, New Jersey. Total time in the air was 27 hours, 48 minutes and total en route was 54 hours, 7 minutes. In February 1965 Louck sold 5-AT-74 to American Airlines in New York City. 5-AT-74 was present at the New York City World's Fair in 1965.
Chuck LeMaster purchased her for barnstorming in the early 1970’s before selling her to Mr. Seibold for “a fairly large amount” in 1977. Shortly afterward repeated its 1965 cross-country trek. This time it made the cross-country flight in company with a Scenic Airlines Twin Otter that was operating as a camera ship. Starting in Long Beach, California it flew to Las Vegas, Nevada. From there 5-AT-74 flew over Lake Mead and Hoover Dam and on to fly the length of the Grand Canyon. 5-AT-74 finished its cross-country trip in 7 days ending at New York's Kennedy Airport. While in New York, 5-AT-74 flew over New York Harbor and past the Twin Towers and the Statue of Liberty. Later it flew on to East Hartford, Connecticut to appear at Pratt and Whitney's 60th anniversary celebration before returning to Las Vegas, Nevada.
During 1983, 5-AT-74 was flown out of the San Fernando Airport by Art Scholl and Bernie Godlove during a brief movie career in which it appeared in the movie "To Be or Not To Be". It's beautiful rainbow was temporarily painted out by dozen's of cans of women's silver hairspray in order for it to represent Hilter's personal German Ju-52. Bernie was the senior (number 1) captain at United Airlines system wide, with over a thousand hours in the Ford. He also headed up a 'type rating' program, as a type rating was required to fly the airplane commercially. Many commercial pilots simply wanted the honor of having "FO-5" (the designator of the Ford Tri-Motor 5AT series) stamped on the back of their licenses. One of those commercial pilots was Bernie's son, Bryan, who is the Captain of the Ford today! Bryan has been at the controls for over twenty years and also has over one thousand hours in the Ford. Bryan's thirteen-year-old son, Kelby, is an up and coming pilot and hopes to someday be the third generation Godlove at the controls of 5-AT-74.
In June 2003, by special invitation, 5-AT-74 participate at the Ford Motor's Company's 100 Year Centennial Anniversary Celebration in Dearborn, Michigan. It joined the EAA's Ford Tri-Motor 4-AT, NC8047, in a special event where the Ford Tri-Motors landed at the original Ford Airport and what was first paved runway in the world (now the FMC Dearborn Proving Grounds) which was the hallowed ground where both airplanes first took flight over seventy fives years ago. A few weeks later 5-AT-74 also participated at Oshkosh Air Venture 2003 flying in a 'Tri-Motor Reunion' with the EAA Ford Tri-Motor, a Bushmaster 2000, a Stinson Tri-Motor and a JU-52.
In September of 2003, 5-AT-74 joined nearly 30 other historic golden age aircraft in the recreation of the National Air Tour from 1932, flying over 4500 miles in 18 days. The National Air Tour 2003 was simply an experience of a lifetime for everyone involved and could easily have volumes written about it. In the mean time, you can read much more at www.nationalairtour.org.
In November 2003, 5-AT-74 returned to Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport at the request of the City of Phoenix to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the first flight in a Ford Tri-Motor from the airport that Grand Canyon Airlines (initially known as Scenic Airways) on November 18, 1928. Guests on board was the honorable Mayor of Phoenix, Skip Rimza.
On September 4, 2004, Grand Canyon Airlines celebrated the 75th birthday of 5-AT-74 by offering rides to the public along with GCA employees, friends, and family members. One of the highlights was being honored with special guest Janie Stanton, the grand-daughter of William B. Stout who designed the Ford 80 years earlier. Janie sat in the right seat on the first flight of the morning, 75 years to the day of 5-AT-74's first flight in Dearborn, Michigan.
Mr. Seibold has begun plans for a Grand Canyon air tour history section in the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Valle (40G) to show his collection of a 1917 Standard J-1, a 1927 Stinson Detroiter SM-1, a 1928 Curtis Robin, a 1929 Travelair 6000A, and of course the 1929 Ford Tri-Motor. He is currently on a quest to acquire at least one of every airplane known to fly air tours for Scenic Airways and Grand Canyon Airlines. The purpose of the display will be to educate the Grand Canyon visitors of the rich aviation history and evolution of the air tour industry of the Grand Canyon. Ironically, the battle continues as the latest round of rules and restrictions from the National Park Service and Federal Aviation Administration have imposed a nearly fatal blow to the air tour operators.
“It’s a travesty,” John Seibold says. “Now after over 80 years of providing millions of visitors the most spectacular and least intrusive way to see the Grand Canyon, our Government and the extreme environmentalists want to remove our service from the list of solutions to preserve and protect it. I truly believe many want to eliminate air tours completely. Our industry has evolved from the early, arguably much noisier and intrusive Tri-Motors to extremely safe and ultra-quiet VISTALINERS, yet we are still punished for what I believe is a user conflict of the Grand Canyon. If he were alive today I wonder what Parker Van Zandt would say if he knew that the industry he began is now in jeopardy of its extinction. The Tri-Motor began a marvelous mode of enjoyment of seeing the Grand Canyon from the air. I want our public to be educated about this issue and understand that the Ford Tri-Motor and Grand Canyon have intertwined histories that should not be forgotten.”
Currently 5-AT-74 is in its home and can be viewed at the Valle Airport (40G) which is located between Williams and Grand Canyon on HWY 64.
PottiPants - Diapers beyond Infancy -
tape panel for PottiPants Diapers
these diapers come in all sizes for the very large baby, older child and even adults
This is one of the tape panel decorations and logo for PottiPants diapers
Serial Number 74
MFR Year 1929
If 5-AT-74 could speak, the stories she could tell of her incredible history. In her infancy from 1929 to 1931, she was one of the first Tri-Motors equipped with twin metal floats, accumulating nearly 250 hours as the Ford Motor Company's factory demonstrator as a seaplane on the Detroit River. Then sold to Pan Am in 1931, she flew scheduled routes out of Miami into Central America.
In 1935, 5-AT-74 moved south of the border and began operations in Mexico City, for Cia Mexicana de Aviacion registered as XA-BCX and later XA-BKS. It came back to Pan American in 1936 and then back to Cia Mexicana de Aviacion. In May 1941, it moved further south to Guatemala operating for Cia Guatemalteca de Aviacion in Guatemala City. 5-AT-74 stayed in Guatemala operating as LG-AFA until 1950.
Recovered by Robert Waltermire in March 1950, 5-AT-74 was returned to the United States and was reconditioned for use as an aerial sprayer fighting a grasshopper plague. At this time Northwest Agricultural Aviation Corp out of Choteau, Montana operated it.
Between 1956 and 1959, 5-AT-74 had a series of owners before finally falling into dereliction and disrepair in Florida. 5-AT-74's salvation came at the hands of John and Katherine Louck of Manmouth, Illinois. When Louck found the aircraft in Florida, it was in less than pristine condition being described as "full of frogs, snakes, bugs, etc." He worked for two weeks cleaning and making the aircraft airworthy to ferry it to Monmouth, Illinois. A myriad of problems caused the trip to take 68 days covering 1700 miles. Louck bought 5-AT-74 with the intention of barnstorming it, and he did! It was reported that in one year 5-AT-74 carried 17,000 passengers, 2800 of which were carried in one five day period at Rockford, Illinois. Louck carried a total of 100,000 passengers in 5-AT-74 while he owned it.
During 1963, it was leased to TWA for a cross-country series of flights starting from Los Angeles, California to Newark, New Jersey. Total time in the air was 27 hours, 48 minutes and total en route was 54 hours, 7 minutes. In February 1965 Louck sold 5-AT-74 to American Airlines in New York City. 5-AT-74 was present at the New York City World's Fair in 1965.
Chuck LeMaster purchased her for barnstorming in the early 1970’s before selling her to Mr. Seibold for “a fairly large amount” in 1977. Shortly afterward repeated its 1965 cross-country trek. This time it made the cross-country flight in company with a Scenic Airlines Twin Otter that was operating as a camera ship. Starting in Long Beach, California it flew to Las Vegas, Nevada. From there 5-AT-74 flew over Lake Mead and Hoover Dam and on to fly the length of the Grand Canyon. 5-AT-74 finished its cross-country trip in 7 days ending at New York's Kennedy Airport. While in New York, 5-AT-74 flew over New York Harbor and past the Twin Towers and the Statue of Liberty. Later it flew on to East Hartford, Connecticut to appear at Pratt and Whitney's 60th anniversary celebration before returning to Las Vegas, Nevada.
During 1983, 5-AT-74 was flown out of the San Fernando Airport by Art Scholl and Bernie Godlove during a brief movie career in which it appeared in the movie "To Be or Not To Be". It's beautiful rainbow was temporarily painted out by dozen's of cans of women's silver hairspray in order for it to represent Hilter's personal German Ju-52. Bernie was the senior (number 1) captain at United Airlines system wide, with over a thousand hours in the Ford. He also headed up a 'type rating' program, as a type rating was required to fly the airplane commercially. Many commercial pilots simply wanted the honor of having "FO-5" (the designator of the Ford Tri-Motor 5AT series) stamped on the back of their licenses. One of those commercial pilots was Bernie's son, Bryan, who is the Captain of the Ford today! Bryan has been at the controls for over twenty years and also has over one thousand hours in the Ford. Bryan's thirteen-year-old son, Kelby, is an up and coming pilot and hopes to someday be the third generation Godlove at the controls of 5-AT-74.
In June 2003, by special invitation, 5-AT-74 participate at the Ford Motor's Company's 100 Year Centennial Anniversary Celebration in Dearborn, Michigan. It joined the EAA's Ford Tri-Motor 4-AT, NC8047, in a special event where the Ford Tri-Motors landed at the original Ford Airport and what was first paved runway in the world (now the FMC Dearborn Proving Grounds) which was the hallowed ground where both airplanes first took flight over seventy fives years ago. A few weeks later 5-AT-74 also participated at Oshkosh Air Venture 2003 flying in a 'Tri-Motor Reunion' with the EAA Ford Tri-Motor, a Bushmaster 2000, a Stinson Tri-Motor and a JU-52.
In September of 2003, 5-AT-74 joined nearly 30 other historic golden age aircraft in the recreation of the National Air Tour from 1932, flying over 4500 miles in 18 days. The National Air Tour 2003 was simply an experience of a lifetime for everyone involved and could easily have volumes written about it. In the mean time, you can read much more at www.nationalairtour.org.
In November 2003, 5-AT-74 returned to Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport at the request of the City of Phoenix to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the first flight in a Ford Tri-Motor from the airport that Grand Canyon Airlines (initially known as Scenic Airways) on November 18, 1928. Guests on board was the honorable Mayor of Phoenix, Skip Rimza.
On September 4, 2004, Grand Canyon Airlines celebrated the 75th birthday of 5-AT-74 by offering rides to the public along with GCA employees, friends, and family members. One of the highlights was being honored with special guest Janie Stanton, the grand-daughter of William B. Stout who designed the Ford 80 years earlier. Janie sat in the right seat on the first flight of the morning, 75 years to the day of 5-AT-74's first flight in Dearborn, Michigan.
Mr. Seibold has begun plans for a Grand Canyon air tour history section in the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Valle (40G) to show his collection of a 1917 Standard J-1, a 1927 Stinson Detroiter SM-1, a 1928 Curtis Robin, a 1929 Travelair 6000A, and of course the 1929 Ford Tri-Motor. He is currently on a quest to acquire at least one of every airplane known to fly air tours for Scenic Airways and Grand Canyon Airlines. The purpose of the display will be to educate the Grand Canyon visitors of the rich aviation history and evolution of the air tour industry of the Grand Canyon. Ironically, the battle continues as the latest round of rules and restrictions from the National Park Service and Federal Aviation Administration have imposed a nearly fatal blow to the air tour operators.
“It’s a travesty,” John Seibold says. “Now after over 80 years of providing millions of visitors the most spectacular and least intrusive way to see the Grand Canyon, our Government and the extreme environmentalists want to remove our service from the list of solutions to preserve and protect it. I truly believe many want to eliminate air tours completely. Our industry has evolved from the early, arguably much noisier and intrusive Tri-Motors to extremely safe and ultra-quiet VISTALINERS, yet we are still punished for what I believe is a user conflict of the Grand Canyon. If he were alive today I wonder what Parker Van Zandt would say if he knew that the industry he began is now in jeopardy of its extinction. The Tri-Motor began a marvelous mode of enjoyment of seeing the Grand Canyon from the air. I want our public to be educated about this issue and understand that the Ford Tri-Motor and Grand Canyon have intertwined histories that should not be forgotten.”
Currently 5-AT-74 is in its home and can be viewed at the Valle Airport (40G) which is located between Williams and Grand Canyon on HWY 64.
Serial Number 74
MFR Year 1929
If 5-AT-74 could speak, the stories she could tell of her incredible history. In her infancy from 1929 to 1931, she was one of the first Tri-Motors equipped with twin metal floats, accumulating nearly 250 hours as the Ford Motor Company's factory demonstrator as a seaplane on the Detroit River. Then sold to Pan Am in 1931, she flew scheduled routes out of Miami into Central America.
In 1935, 5-AT-74 moved south of the border and began operations in Mexico City, for Cia Mexicana de Aviacion registered as XA-BCX and later XA-BKS. It came back to Pan American in 1936 and then back to Cia Mexicana de Aviacion. In May 1941, it moved further south to Guatemala operating for Cia Guatemalteca de Aviacion in Guatemala City. 5-AT-74 stayed in Guatemala operating as LG-AFA until 1950.
Recovered by Robert Waltermire in March 1950, 5-AT-74 was returned to the United States and was reconditioned for use as an aerial sprayer fighting a grasshopper plague. At this time Northwest Agricultural Aviation Corp out of Choteau, Montana operated it.
Between 1956 and 1959, 5-AT-74 had a series of owners before finally falling into dereliction and disrepair in Florida. 5-AT-74's salvation came at the hands of John and Katherine Louck of Manmouth, Illinois. When Louck found the aircraft in Florida, it was in less than pristine condition being described as "full of frogs, snakes, bugs, etc." He worked for two weeks cleaning and making the aircraft airworthy to ferry it to Monmouth, Illinois. A myriad of problems caused the trip to take 68 days covering 1700 miles. Louck bought 5-AT-74 with the intention of barnstorming it, and he did! It was reported that in one year 5-AT-74 carried 17,000 passengers, 2800 of which were carried in one five day period at Rockford, Illinois. Louck carried a total of 100,000 passengers in 5-AT-74 while he owned it.
During 1963, it was leased to TWA for a cross-country series of flights starting from Los Angeles, California to Newark, New Jersey. Total time in the air was 27 hours, 48 minutes and total en route was 54 hours, 7 minutes. In February 1965 Louck sold 5-AT-74 to American Airlines in New York City. 5-AT-74 was present at the New York City World's Fair in 1965.
Chuck LeMaster purchased her for barnstorming in the early 1970’s before selling her to Mr. Seibold for “a fairly large amount” in 1977. Shortly afterward repeated its 1965 cross-country trek. This time it made the cross-country flight in company with a Scenic Airlines Twin Otter that was operating as a camera ship. Starting in Long Beach, California it flew to Las Vegas, Nevada. From there 5-AT-74 flew over Lake Mead and Hoover Dam and on to fly the length of the Grand Canyon. 5-AT-74 finished its cross-country trip in 7 days ending at New York's Kennedy Airport. While in New York, 5-AT-74 flew over New York Harbor and past the Twin Towers and the Statue of Liberty. Later it flew on to East Hartford, Connecticut to appear at Pratt and Whitney's 60th anniversary celebration before returning to Las Vegas, Nevada.
During 1983, 5-AT-74 was flown out of the San Fernando Airport by Art Scholl and Bernie Godlove during a brief movie career in which it appeared in the movie "To Be or Not To Be". It's beautiful rainbow was temporarily painted out by dozen's of cans of women's silver hairspray in order for it to represent Hilter's personal German Ju-52. Bernie was the senior (number 1) captain at United Airlines system wide, with over a thousand hours in the Ford. He also headed up a 'type rating' program, as a type rating was required to fly the airplane commercially. Many commercial pilots simply wanted the honor of having "FO-5" (the designator of the Ford Tri-Motor 5AT series) stamped on the back of their licenses. One of those commercial pilots was Bernie's son, Bryan, who is the Captain of the Ford today! Bryan has been at the controls for over twenty years and also has over one thousand hours in the Ford. Bryan's thirteen-year-old son, Kelby, is an up and coming pilot and hopes to someday be the third generation Godlove at the controls of 5-AT-74.
In June 2003, by special invitation, 5-AT-74 participate at the Ford Motor's Company's 100 Year Centennial Anniversary Celebration in Dearborn, Michigan. It joined the EAA's Ford Tri-Motor 4-AT, NC8047, in a special event where the Ford Tri-Motors landed at the original Ford Airport and what was first paved runway in the world (now the FMC Dearborn Proving Grounds) which was the hallowed ground where both airplanes first took flight over seventy fives years ago. A few weeks later 5-AT-74 also participated at Oshkosh Air Venture 2003 flying in a 'Tri-Motor Reunion' with the EAA Ford Tri-Motor, a Bushmaster 2000, a Stinson Tri-Motor and a JU-52.
In September of 2003, 5-AT-74 joined nearly 30 other historic golden age aircraft in the recreation of the National Air Tour from 1932, flying over 4500 miles in 18 days. The National Air Tour 2003 was simply an experience of a lifetime for everyone involved and could easily have volumes written about it. In the mean time, you can read much more at www.nationalairtour.org.
In November 2003, 5-AT-74 returned to Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport at the request of the City of Phoenix to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the first flight in a Ford Tri-Motor from the airport that Grand Canyon Airlines (initially known as Scenic Airways) on November 18, 1928. Guests on board was the honorable Mayor of Phoenix, Skip Rimza.
On September 4, 2004, Grand Canyon Airlines celebrated the 75th birthday of 5-AT-74 by offering rides to the public along with GCA employees, friends, and family members. One of the highlights was being honored with special guest Janie Stanton, the grand-daughter of William B. Stout who designed the Ford 80 years earlier. Janie sat in the right seat on the first flight of the morning, 75 years to the day of 5-AT-74's first flight in Dearborn, Michigan.
Mr. Seibold has begun plans for a Grand Canyon air tour history section in the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Valle (40G) to show his collection of a 1917 Standard J-1, a 1927 Stinson Detroiter SM-1, a 1928 Curtis Robin, a 1929 Travelair 6000A, and of course the 1929 Ford Tri-Motor. He is currently on a quest to acquire at least one of every airplane known to fly air tours for Scenic Airways and Grand Canyon Airlines. The purpose of the display will be to educate the Grand Canyon visitors of the rich aviation history and evolution of the air tour industry of the Grand Canyon. Ironically, the battle continues as the latest round of rules and restrictions from the National Park Service and Federal Aviation Administration have imposed a nearly fatal blow to the air tour operators.
“It’s a travesty,” John Seibold says. “Now after over 80 years of providing millions of visitors the most spectacular and least intrusive way to see the Grand Canyon, our Government and the extreme environmentalists want to remove our service from the list of solutions to preserve and protect it. I truly believe many want to eliminate air tours completely. Our industry has evolved from the early, arguably much noisier and intrusive Tri-Motors to extremely safe and ultra-quiet VISTALINERS, yet we are still punished for what I believe is a user conflict of the Grand Canyon. If he were alive today I wonder what Parker Van Zandt would say if he knew that the industry he began is now in jeopardy of its extinction. The Tri-Motor began a marvelous mode of enjoyment of seeing the Grand Canyon from the air. I want our public to be educated about this issue and understand that the Ford Tri-Motor and Grand Canyon have intertwined histories that should not be forgotten.”
Currently 5-AT-74 is in its home and can be viewed at the Valle Airport (40G) which is located between Williams and Grand Canyon on HWY 64.
PottiPants - Diapers beyond Infancy -
tape panel for PottiPants Diapers
these diapers come in all sizes for the very large baby, older child and even adults
This is one of the tape panel decorations and logo for PottiPants diapers
Serial Number 74
MFR Year 1929
If 5-AT-74 could speak, the stories she could tell of her incredible history. In her infancy from 1929 to 1931, she was one of the first Tri-Motors equipped with twin metal floats, accumulating nearly 250 hours as the Ford Motor Company's factory demonstrator as a seaplane on the Detroit River. Then sold to Pan Am in 1931, she flew scheduled routes out of Miami into Central America.
In 1935, 5-AT-74 moved south of the border and began operations in Mexico City, for Cia Mexicana de Aviacion registered as XA-BCX and later XA-BKS. It came back to Pan American in 1936 and then back to Cia Mexicana de Aviacion. In May 1941, it moved further south to Guatemala operating for Cia Guatemalteca de Aviacion in Guatemala City. 5-AT-74 stayed in Guatemala operating as LG-AFA until 1950.
Recovered by Robert Waltermire in March 1950, 5-AT-74 was returned to the United States and was reconditioned for use as an aerial sprayer fighting a grasshopper plague. At this time Northwest Agricultural Aviation Corp out of Choteau, Montana operated it.
Between 1956 and 1959, 5-AT-74 had a series of owners before finally falling into dereliction and disrepair in Florida. 5-AT-74's salvation came at the hands of John and Katherine Louck of Manmouth, Illinois. When Louck found the aircraft in Florida, it was in less than pristine condition being described as "full of frogs, snakes, bugs, etc." He worked for two weeks cleaning and making the aircraft airworthy to ferry it to Monmouth, Illinois. A myriad of problems caused the trip to take 68 days covering 1700 miles. Louck bought 5-AT-74 with the intention of barnstorming it, and he did! It was reported that in one year 5-AT-74 carried 17,000 passengers, 2800 of which were carried in one five day period at Rockford, Illinois. Louck carried a total of 100,000 passengers in 5-AT-74 while he owned it.
During 1963, it was leased to TWA for a cross-country series of flights starting from Los Angeles, California to Newark, New Jersey. Total time in the air was 27 hours, 48 minutes and total en route was 54 hours, 7 minutes. In February 1965 Louck sold 5-AT-74 to American Airlines in New York City. 5-AT-74 was present at the New York City World's Fair in 1965.
Chuck LeMaster purchased her for barnstorming in the early 1970’s before selling her to Mr. Seibold for “a fairly large amount” in 1977. Shortly afterward repeated its 1965 cross-country trek. This time it made the cross-country flight in company with a Scenic Airlines Twin Otter that was operating as a camera ship. Starting in Long Beach, California it flew to Las Vegas, Nevada. From there 5-AT-74 flew over Lake Mead and Hoover Dam and on to fly the length of the Grand Canyon. 5-AT-74 finished its cross-country trip in 7 days ending at New York's Kennedy Airport. While in New York, 5-AT-74 flew over New York Harbor and past the Twin Towers and the Statue of Liberty. Later it flew on to East Hartford, Connecticut to appear at Pratt and Whitney's 60th anniversary celebration before returning to Las Vegas, Nevada.
During 1983, 5-AT-74 was flown out of the San Fernando Airport by Art Scholl and Bernie Godlove during a brief movie career in which it appeared in the movie "To Be or Not To Be". It's beautiful rainbow was temporarily painted out by dozen's of cans of women's silver hairspray in order for it to represent Hilter's personal German Ju-52. Bernie was the senior (number 1) captain at United Airlines system wide, with over a thousand hours in the Ford. He also headed up a 'type rating' program, as a type rating was required to fly the airplane commercially. Many commercial pilots simply wanted the honor of having "FO-5" (the designator of the Ford Tri-Motor 5AT series) stamped on the back of their licenses. One of those commercial pilots was Bernie's son, Bryan, who is the Captain of the Ford today! Bryan has been at the controls for over twenty years and also has over one thousand hours in the Ford. Bryan's thirteen-year-old son, Kelby, is an up and coming pilot and hopes to someday be the third generation Godlove at the controls of 5-AT-74.
In June 2003, by special invitation, 5-AT-74 participate at the Ford Motor's Company's 100 Year Centennial Anniversary Celebration in Dearborn, Michigan. It joined the EAA's Ford Tri-Motor 4-AT, NC8047, in a special event where the Ford Tri-Motors landed at the original Ford Airport and what was first paved runway in the world (now the FMC Dearborn Proving Grounds) which was the hallowed ground where both airplanes first took flight over seventy fives years ago. A few weeks later 5-AT-74 also participated at Oshkosh Air Venture 2003 flying in a 'Tri-Motor Reunion' with the EAA Ford Tri-Motor, a Bushmaster 2000, a Stinson Tri-Motor and a JU-52.
In September of 2003, 5-AT-74 joined nearly 30 other historic golden age aircraft in the recreation of the National Air Tour from 1932, flying over 4500 miles in 18 days. The National Air Tour 2003 was simply an experience of a lifetime for everyone involved and could easily have volumes written about it. In the mean time, you can read much more at www.nationalairtour.org.
In November 2003, 5-AT-74 returned to Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport at the request of the City of Phoenix to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the first flight in a Ford Tri-Motor from the airport that Grand Canyon Airlines (initially known as Scenic Airways) on November 18, 1928. Guests on board was the honorable Mayor of Phoenix, Skip Rimza.
On September 4, 2004, Grand Canyon Airlines celebrated the 75th birthday of 5-AT-74 by offering rides to the public along with GCA employees, friends, and family members. One of the highlights was being honored with special guest Janie Stanton, the grand-daughter of William B. Stout who designed the Ford 80 years earlier. Janie sat in the right seat on the first flight of the morning, 75 years to the day of 5-AT-74's first flight in Dearborn, Michigan.
Mr. Seibold has begun plans for a Grand Canyon air tour history section in the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Valle (40G) to show his collection of a 1917 Standard J-1, a 1927 Stinson Detroiter SM-1, a 1928 Curtis Robin, a 1929 Travelair 6000A, and of course the 1929 Ford Tri-Motor. He is currently on a quest to acquire at least one of every airplane known to fly air tours for Scenic Airways and Grand Canyon Airlines. The purpose of the display will be to educate the Grand Canyon visitors of the rich aviation history and evolution of the air tour industry of the Grand Canyon. Ironically, the battle continues as the latest round of rules and restrictions from the National Park Service and Federal Aviation Administration have imposed a nearly fatal blow to the air tour operators.
“It’s a travesty,” John Seibold says. “Now after over 80 years of providing millions of visitors the most spectacular and least intrusive way to see the Grand Canyon, our Government and the extreme environmentalists want to remove our service from the list of solutions to preserve and protect it. I truly believe many want to eliminate air tours completely. Our industry has evolved from the early, arguably much noisier and intrusive Tri-Motors to extremely safe and ultra-quiet VISTALINERS, yet we are still punished for what I believe is a user conflict of the Grand Canyon. If he were alive today I wonder what Parker Van Zandt would say if he knew that the industry he began is now in jeopardy of its extinction. The Tri-Motor began a marvelous mode of enjoyment of seeing the Grand Canyon from the air. I want our public to be educated about this issue and understand that the Ford Tri-Motor and Grand Canyon have intertwined histories that should not be forgotten.”
Currently 5-AT-74 is in its home and can be viewed at the Valle Airport (40G) which is located between Williams and Grand Canyon on HWY 64.
1595 monument to Blanche Parry c1507-1590 who served Queen Elizabeth for 57 years from the monarchs infancy.
"Hereunder is entombed Blanche Parry, daughter of Henry Parry of New Court in the County of Hereford, esquire, gentlewoman of Queen Elizabeth's most honourable bedchamber and keeper of her majesty's jewels, whom she faithfully served from her highness' birth. Beneficial to her kinsfolk and countrymen, charitable to the poor, insomuch that she gave to the poor of Bacton and Newton in Herefordshire seven score bushels of wheat and rye yearly for ever, with divers sums of money to Westminster and other places for good uses. She died a maid in the 82nd years of her age, the 12th of February 1589"
Bilingual Blanche was born c1507/08 to Henry ap Harry Esq of Newcourt Bacton and Alicia daughter of Simon Milborn esq (grand daughter of Miles ap Harry by Jane Stradling flic.kr/p/48V5Ck neice of William Earl of Pembroke) . Bilingual in Welsh and English, though brought up in a Welsh cultural environment . She came with her aunt Blanche Herbert Lady Troy to the English court of Henry VIII. Lady Troy served as Lady Mistress to 2 of Henry VIII's children, Elizabeth and Edward. Aged about 25 Blanche worked alongside her aunt in the royal nursery and would later write in her own epitaph that she was the future Queen Elizabeth I's cradle-rocker. Blanche remained in Princess Elizabeth's household, and along with Katherine Champernowne-Ashley, shared in the many perils of Elizabeth youth. Blanche may have accompanied her to the Tower of London when she was imprisoned by her sister, Mary Tudor on suspicion of giving support to the Wyatt Rebellion, . She was with Elizabeth after she was released from prison and confined to Woodstock and then Hatfield and was also with her when she received the news of her succession to the throne..
Blanche was one of the first people to receive an appointment in Elizabeth I's household; as Keeper of Her Majesty's Jewels also looking after her most personal belongings, books, letters and papers, linens and furs.
When Katherine Ashley died in 1565 Blanche took over her duties as Chief Gentlewoman of the Privy Chamber. As the woman in charge of Queens inner-sanctum, she was a powerful woman, sought out by those who wished to petition the queen or seek favour She also wrote minor correspondences on her behalf,
and rode and hunted with the queen
Blanche never married and became independently wealthy, she was granted wardships and estates in Herefordshire, Yorkshire, and Wales.
In 1576-77, Blanche wrote her first will, which was supervised by her cousin William Cecil, Lord Burghley and commissioned her own monument in Bacton Church www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/8647983115/ where she had worshipped as a child .. The inscription on the monument includes the phrase, "with maiden Queen a maid did end my life"
Blanche began to lose her eyesight in old age which would have affected her work, but the queen did not part with her.
In her last will of 1589 she asked to be buried at St Margarets Westminster near her nephew John Vaughan, a wealthy woman she left more than 6 diamonds, 8 pieces of plate, some weighing as much as 60 ounces, one set of wall hangings, 3 carpets, c £2000, 9 pieces of jewellery that did not contain diamonds including "a chain of gold and girdle which the Queen gave me", 12 napkins, 1 towel, over 6 annual annuities from rents, and clothing. She left her "best diamond" to Elizabeth and "a pair of sables garnished with 8 chains of gold". There were generous bequests to her relatives and friends including William Cecil, Sir Christopher Hatton, Lady Dorothy Stafford and her "very good friend the Lady Cobham, one gold ring"
She was buried in the late evening of Friday 27th February, at the queens expense "befitting a baroness" although she herself had left £300 for her burial. Her chief mourner being her great niece Frances Lady Burgh.
She is also shown with the queen in a window brought from Bacton to Atcham www.flickr.com/photos/52219527@N00/2058632951/
a href="http://beingbess.blogspot.co.uk/2013/02/on-this-day-in-elizabethan-history_12.html" rel="nofollow">beingbess.blogspot.co.uk/2013/02/on-this-day-in-elizabeth...
Serial Number 74
MFR Year 1929
If 5-AT-74 could speak, the stories she could tell of her incredible history. In her infancy from 1929 to 1931, she was one of the first Tri-Motors equipped with twin metal floats, accumulating nearly 250 hours as the Ford Motor Company's factory demonstrator as a seaplane on the Detroit River. Then sold to Pan Am in 1931, she flew scheduled routes out of Miami into Central America.
In 1935, 5-AT-74 moved south of the border and began operations in Mexico City, for Cia Mexicana de Aviacion registered as XA-BCX and later XA-BKS. It came back to Pan American in 1936 and then back to Cia Mexicana de Aviacion. In May 1941, it moved further south to Guatemala operating for Cia Guatemalteca de Aviacion in Guatemala City. 5-AT-74 stayed in Guatemala operating as LG-AFA until 1950.
Recovered by Robert Waltermire in March 1950, 5-AT-74 was returned to the United States and was reconditioned for use as an aerial sprayer fighting a grasshopper plague. At this time Northwest Agricultural Aviation Corp out of Choteau, Montana operated it.
Between 1956 and 1959, 5-AT-74 had a series of owners before finally falling into dereliction and disrepair in Florida. 5-AT-74's salvation came at the hands of John and Katherine Louck of Manmouth, Illinois. When Louck found the aircraft in Florida, it was in less than pristine condition being described as "full of frogs, snakes, bugs, etc." He worked for two weeks cleaning and making the aircraft airworthy to ferry it to Monmouth, Illinois. A myriad of problems caused the trip to take 68 days covering 1700 miles. Louck bought 5-AT-74 with the intention of barnstorming it, and he did! It was reported that in one year 5-AT-74 carried 17,000 passengers, 2800 of which were carried in one five day period at Rockford, Illinois. Louck carried a total of 100,000 passengers in 5-AT-74 while he owned it.
During 1963, it was leased to TWA for a cross-country series of flights starting from Los Angeles, California to Newark, New Jersey. Total time in the air was 27 hours, 48 minutes and total en route was 54 hours, 7 minutes. In February 1965 Louck sold 5-AT-74 to American Airlines in New York City. 5-AT-74 was present at the New York City World's Fair in 1965.
Chuck LeMaster purchased her for barnstorming in the early 1970’s before selling her to Mr. Seibold for “a fairly large amount” in 1977. Shortly afterward repeated its 1965 cross-country trek. This time it made the cross-country flight in company with a Scenic Airlines Twin Otter that was operating as a camera ship. Starting in Long Beach, California it flew to Las Vegas, Nevada. From there 5-AT-74 flew over Lake Mead and Hoover Dam and on to fly the length of the Grand Canyon. 5-AT-74 finished its cross-country trip in 7 days ending at New York's Kennedy Airport. While in New York, 5-AT-74 flew over New York Harbor and past the Twin Towers and the Statue of Liberty. Later it flew on to East Hartford, Connecticut to appear at Pratt and Whitney's 60th anniversary celebration before returning to Las Vegas, Nevada.
During 1983, 5-AT-74 was flown out of the San Fernando Airport by Art Scholl and Bernie Godlove during a brief movie career in which it appeared in the movie "To Be or Not To Be". It's beautiful rainbow was temporarily painted out by dozen's of cans of women's silver hairspray in order for it to represent Hilter's personal German Ju-52. Bernie was the senior (number 1) captain at United Airlines system wide, with over a thousand hours in the Ford. He also headed up a 'type rating' program, as a type rating was required to fly the airplane commercially. Many commercial pilots simply wanted the honor of having "FO-5" (the designator of the Ford Tri-Motor 5AT series) stamped on the back of their licenses. One of those commercial pilots was Bernie's son, Bryan, who is the Captain of the Ford today! Bryan has been at the controls for over twenty years and also has over one thousand hours in the Ford. Bryan's thirteen-year-old son, Kelby, is an up and coming pilot and hopes to someday be the third generation Godlove at the controls of 5-AT-74.
In June 2003, by special invitation, 5-AT-74 participate at the Ford Motor's Company's 100 Year Centennial Anniversary Celebration in Dearborn, Michigan. It joined the EAA's Ford Tri-Motor 4-AT, NC8047, in a special event where the Ford Tri-Motors landed at the original Ford Airport and what was first paved runway in the world (now the FMC Dearborn Proving Grounds) which was the hallowed ground where both airplanes first took flight over seventy fives years ago. A few weeks later 5-AT-74 also participated at Oshkosh Air Venture 2003 flying in a 'Tri-Motor Reunion' with the EAA Ford Tri-Motor, a Bushmaster 2000, a Stinson Tri-Motor and a JU-52.
In September of 2003, 5-AT-74 joined nearly 30 other historic golden age aircraft in the recreation of the National Air Tour from 1932, flying over 4500 miles in 18 days. The National Air Tour 2003 was simply an experience of a lifetime for everyone involved and could easily have volumes written about it. In the mean time, you can read much more at www.nationalairtour.org.
In November 2003, 5-AT-74 returned to Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport at the request of the City of Phoenix to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the first flight in a Ford Tri-Motor from the airport that Grand Canyon Airlines (initially known as Scenic Airways) on November 18, 1928. Guests on board was the honorable Mayor of Phoenix, Skip Rimza.
On September 4, 2004, Grand Canyon Airlines celebrated the 75th birthday of 5-AT-74 by offering rides to the public along with GCA employees, friends, and family members. One of the highlights was being honored with special guest Janie Stanton, the grand-daughter of William B. Stout who designed the Ford 80 years earlier. Janie sat in the right seat on the first flight of the morning, 75 years to the day of 5-AT-74's first flight in Dearborn, Michigan.
Mr. Seibold has begun plans for a Grand Canyon air tour history section in the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Valle (40G) to show his collection of a 1917 Standard J-1, a 1927 Stinson Detroiter SM-1, a 1928 Curtis Robin, a 1929 Travelair 6000A, and of course the 1929 Ford Tri-Motor. He is currently on a quest to acquire at least one of every airplane known to fly air tours for Scenic Airways and Grand Canyon Airlines. The purpose of the display will be to educate the Grand Canyon visitors of the rich aviation history and evolution of the air tour industry of the Grand Canyon. Ironically, the battle continues as the latest round of rules and restrictions from the National Park Service and Federal Aviation Administration have imposed a nearly fatal blow to the air tour operators.
“It’s a travesty,” John Seibold says. “Now after over 80 years of providing millions of visitors the most spectacular and least intrusive way to see the Grand Canyon, our Government and the extreme environmentalists want to remove our service from the list of solutions to preserve and protect it. I truly believe many want to eliminate air tours completely. Our industry has evolved from the early, arguably much noisier and intrusive Tri-Motors to extremely safe and ultra-quiet VISTALINERS, yet we are still punished for what I believe is a user conflict of the Grand Canyon. If he were alive today I wonder what Parker Van Zandt would say if he knew that the industry he began is now in jeopardy of its extinction. The Tri-Motor began a marvelous mode of enjoyment of seeing the Grand Canyon from the air. I want our public to be educated about this issue and understand that the Ford Tri-Motor and Grand Canyon have intertwined histories that should not be forgotten.”
Currently 5-AT-74 is in its home and can be viewed at the Valle Airport (40G) which is located between Williams and Grand Canyon on HWY 64.
Serial Number 74
MFR Year 1929
If 5-AT-74 could speak, the stories she could tell of her incredible history. In her infancy from 1929 to 1931, she was one of the first Tri-Motors equipped with twin metal floats, accumulating nearly 250 hours as the Ford Motor Company's factory demonstrator as a seaplane on the Detroit River. Then sold to Pan Am in 1931, she flew scheduled routes out of Miami into Central America.
In 1935, 5-AT-74 moved south of the border and began operations in Mexico City, for Cia Mexicana de Aviacion registered as XA-BCX and later XA-BKS. It came back to Pan American in 1936 and then back to Cia Mexicana de Aviacion. In May 1941, it moved further south to Guatemala operating for Cia Guatemalteca de Aviacion in Guatemala City. 5-AT-74 stayed in Guatemala operating as LG-AFA until 1950.
Recovered by Robert Waltermire in March 1950, 5-AT-74 was returned to the United States and was reconditioned for use as an aerial sprayer fighting a grasshopper plague. At this time Northwest Agricultural Aviation Corp out of Choteau, Montana operated it.
Between 1956 and 1959, 5-AT-74 had a series of owners before finally falling into dereliction and disrepair in Florida. 5-AT-74's salvation came at the hands of John and Katherine Louck of Manmouth, Illinois. When Louck found the aircraft in Florida, it was in less than pristine condition being described as "full of frogs, snakes, bugs, etc." He worked for two weeks cleaning and making the aircraft airworthy to ferry it to Monmouth, Illinois. A myriad of problems caused the trip to take 68 days covering 1700 miles. Louck bought 5-AT-74 with the intention of barnstorming it, and he did! It was reported that in one year 5-AT-74 carried 17,000 passengers, 2800 of which were carried in one five day period at Rockford, Illinois. Louck carried a total of 100,000 passengers in 5-AT-74 while he owned it.
During 1963, it was leased to TWA for a cross-country series of flights starting from Los Angeles, California to Newark, New Jersey. Total time in the air was 27 hours, 48 minutes and total en route was 54 hours, 7 minutes. In February 1965 Louck sold 5-AT-74 to American Airlines in New York City. 5-AT-74 was present at the New York City World's Fair in 1965.
Chuck LeMaster purchased her for barnstorming in the early 1970’s before selling her to Mr. Seibold for “a fairly large amount” in 1977. Shortly afterward repeated its 1965 cross-country trek. This time it made the cross-country flight in company with a Scenic Airlines Twin Otter that was operating as a camera ship. Starting in Long Beach, California it flew to Las Vegas, Nevada. From there 5-AT-74 flew over Lake Mead and Hoover Dam and on to fly the length of the Grand Canyon. 5-AT-74 finished its cross-country trip in 7 days ending at New York's Kennedy Airport. While in New York, 5-AT-74 flew over New York Harbor and past the Twin Towers and the Statue of Liberty. Later it flew on to East Hartford, Connecticut to appear at Pratt and Whitney's 60th anniversary celebration before returning to Las Vegas, Nevada.
During 1983, 5-AT-74 was flown out of the San Fernando Airport by Art Scholl and Bernie Godlove during a brief movie career in which it appeared in the movie "To Be or Not To Be". It's beautiful rainbow was temporarily painted out by dozen's of cans of women's silver hairspray in order for it to represent Hilter's personal German Ju-52. Bernie was the senior (number 1) captain at United Airlines system wide, with over a thousand hours in the Ford. He also headed up a 'type rating' program, as a type rating was required to fly the airplane commercially. Many commercial pilots simply wanted the honor of having "FO-5" (the designator of the Ford Tri-Motor 5AT series) stamped on the back of their licenses. One of those commercial pilots was Bernie's son, Bryan, who is the Captain of the Ford today! Bryan has been at the controls for over twenty years and also has over one thousand hours in the Ford. Bryan's thirteen-year-old son, Kelby, is an up and coming pilot and hopes to someday be the third generation Godlove at the controls of 5-AT-74.
In June 2003, by special invitation, 5-AT-74 participate at the Ford Motor's Company's 100 Year Centennial Anniversary Celebration in Dearborn, Michigan. It joined the EAA's Ford Tri-Motor 4-AT, NC8047, in a special event where the Ford Tri-Motors landed at the original Ford Airport and what was first paved runway in the world (now the FMC Dearborn Proving Grounds) which was the hallowed ground where both airplanes first took flight over seventy fives years ago. A few weeks later 5-AT-74 also participated at Oshkosh Air Venture 2003 flying in a 'Tri-Motor Reunion' with the EAA Ford Tri-Motor, a Bushmaster 2000, a Stinson Tri-Motor and a JU-52.
In September of 2003, 5-AT-74 joined nearly 30 other historic golden age aircraft in the recreation of the National Air Tour from 1932, flying over 4500 miles in 18 days. The National Air Tour 2003 was simply an experience of a lifetime for everyone involved and could easily have volumes written about it. In the mean time, you can read much more at www.nationalairtour.org.
In November 2003, 5-AT-74 returned to Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport at the request of the City of Phoenix to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the first flight in a Ford Tri-Motor from the airport that Grand Canyon Airlines (initially known as Scenic Airways) on November 18, 1928. Guests on board was the honorable Mayor of Phoenix, Skip Rimza.
On September 4, 2004, Grand Canyon Airlines celebrated the 75th birthday of 5-AT-74 by offering rides to the public along with GCA employees, friends, and family members. One of the highlights was being honored with special guest Janie Stanton, the grand-daughter of William B. Stout who designed the Ford 80 years earlier. Janie sat in the right seat on the first flight of the morning, 75 years to the day of 5-AT-74's first flight in Dearborn, Michigan.
Mr. Seibold has begun plans for a Grand Canyon air tour history section in the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Valle (40G) to show his collection of a 1917 Standard J-1, a 1927 Stinson Detroiter SM-1, a 1928 Curtis Robin, a 1929 Travelair 6000A, and of course the 1929 Ford Tri-Motor. He is currently on a quest to acquire at least one of every airplane known to fly air tours for Scenic Airways and Grand Canyon Airlines. The purpose of the display will be to educate the Grand Canyon visitors of the rich aviation history and evolution of the air tour industry of the Grand Canyon. Ironically, the battle continues as the latest round of rules and restrictions from the National Park Service and Federal Aviation Administration have imposed a nearly fatal blow to the air tour operators.
“It’s a travesty,” John Seibold says. “Now after over 80 years of providing millions of visitors the most spectacular and least intrusive way to see the Grand Canyon, our Government and the extreme environmentalists want to remove our service from the list of solutions to preserve and protect it. I truly believe many want to eliminate air tours completely. Our industry has evolved from the early, arguably much noisier and intrusive Tri-Motors to extremely safe and ultra-quiet VISTALINERS, yet we are still punished for what I believe is a user conflict of the Grand Canyon. If he were alive today I wonder what Parker Van Zandt would say if he knew that the industry he began is now in jeopardy of its extinction. The Tri-Motor began a marvelous mode of enjoyment of seeing the Grand Canyon from the air. I want our public to be educated about this issue and understand that the Ford Tri-Motor and Grand Canyon have intertwined histories that should not be forgotten.”
Currently 5-AT-74 is in its home and can be viewed at the Valle Airport (40G) which is located between Williams and Grand Canyon on HWY 64.
Webb has pinpointed three galaxies actively forming when our 13.8 billion-years-old universe was in its infancy. The galaxies are surrounded by gas suspected to be almost purely hydrogen and helium, the earliest elements to exist in the cosmos.
These galaxies belong to the Era of Reionization, only several hundred million years after the big bang. During this period, gas between stars and galaxies was largely opaque. Stars contributed to heating and ionizing gas, eventually turning the gas transparent one billion years after the big bang.
By matching Webb’s data to models of star formation, researchers found that these galaxies are a unique window into future star formation. They primarily have populations of young stars, and the gas around them suggests they haven’t formed most of their stars yet.
More on this breakthrough: science.nasa.gov/missions/webb/galaxies-actively-forming-...
Galaxy artist concept credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, Joseph Olmsted (STScI)
Image Description: This illustration is awash in bright blues, with only areas of the black background of space peeking out near the edges. Just above center is a large white spiral galaxy that is forming within a large cloud of blue gas. Its spiral arms twirl clockwise. Immediately around the galaxy’s edges are larger light blue dots. The gas appears thicker and brighter blue below the galaxy and toward the bottom left in what looks like a loose, extended column. Other wispy blue gas appears all around the galaxy, extending to every edge of the illustration. There are two additional spiral galaxies, though they are about half the size of the one at the center. They appear toward the top left and bottom right, and both are connected to regions of blue gas. Several bright knots dot the brightest blue areas near the center, and toward the top right. The background is clearer and more obviously black along a wider area at the left edge, a sliver along the top right, and in triangles toward the bottom right corner. In the bottom left is “Artist Concept” in white text.
This image: This artist concept shows a galaxy forming only a few hundred million years after the big bang, when gas was a mix of transparent and opaque during the Era of Reionization. Data from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope show that there is a lot of cold, neutral gas in the neighborhood of these early galaxies – and that the gas may be more dense than anticipated.
Webb observed these galaxies as part of its Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science (CEERS) Survey a few months after it began taking observations in 2022. CEERS includes both images and data known as spectra from the microshutters aboard its NIRSpec (Near-Infrared Spectrograph). Data from CEERS were released immediately to support discoveries like this as part of Webb’s Early Release Science (ERS) program.
Serial Number 74
MFR Year 1929
If 5-AT-74 could speak, the stories she could tell of her incredible history. In her infancy from 1929 to 1931, she was one of the first Tri-Motors equipped with twin metal floats, accumulating nearly 250 hours as the Ford Motor Company's factory demonstrator as a seaplane on the Detroit River. Then sold to Pan Am in 1931, she flew scheduled routes out of Miami into Central America.
In 1935, 5-AT-74 moved south of the border and began operations in Mexico City, for Cia Mexicana de Aviacion registered as XA-BCX and later XA-BKS. It came back to Pan American in 1936 and then back to Cia Mexicana de Aviacion. In May 1941, it moved further south to Guatemala operating for Cia Guatemalteca de Aviacion in Guatemala City. 5-AT-74 stayed in Guatemala operating as LG-AFA until 1950.
Recovered by Robert Waltermire in March 1950, 5-AT-74 was returned to the United States and was reconditioned for use as an aerial sprayer fighting a grasshopper plague. At this time Northwest Agricultural Aviation Corp out of Choteau, Montana operated it.
Between 1956 and 1959, 5-AT-74 had a series of owners before finally falling into dereliction and disrepair in Florida. 5-AT-74's salvation came at the hands of John and Katherine Louck of Manmouth, Illinois. When Louck found the aircraft in Florida, it was in less than pristine condition being described as "full of frogs, snakes, bugs, etc." He worked for two weeks cleaning and making the aircraft airworthy to ferry it to Monmouth, Illinois. A myriad of problems caused the trip to take 68 days covering 1700 miles. Louck bought 5-AT-74 with the intention of barnstorming it, and he did! It was reported that in one year 5-AT-74 carried 17,000 passengers, 2800 of which were carried in one five day period at Rockford, Illinois. Louck carried a total of 100,000 passengers in 5-AT-74 while he owned it.
During 1963, it was leased to TWA for a cross-country series of flights starting from Los Angeles, California to Newark, New Jersey. Total time in the air was 27 hours, 48 minutes and total en route was 54 hours, 7 minutes. In February 1965 Louck sold 5-AT-74 to American Airlines in New York City. 5-AT-74 was present at the New York City World's Fair in 1965.
Chuck LeMaster purchased her for barnstorming in the early 1970’s before selling her to Mr. Seibold for “a fairly large amount” in 1977. Shortly afterward repeated its 1965 cross-country trek. This time it made the cross-country flight in company with a Scenic Airlines Twin Otter that was operating as a camera ship. Starting in Long Beach, California it flew to Las Vegas, Nevada. From there 5-AT-74 flew over Lake Mead and Hoover Dam and on to fly the length of the Grand Canyon. 5-AT-74 finished its cross-country trip in 7 days ending at New York's Kennedy Airport. While in New York, 5-AT-74 flew over New York Harbor and past the Twin Towers and the Statue of Liberty. Later it flew on to East Hartford, Connecticut to appear at Pratt and Whitney's 60th anniversary celebration before returning to Las Vegas, Nevada.
During 1983, 5-AT-74 was flown out of the San Fernando Airport by Art Scholl and Bernie Godlove during a brief movie career in which it appeared in the movie "To Be or Not To Be". It's beautiful rainbow was temporarily painted out by dozen's of cans of women's silver hairspray in order for it to represent Hilter's personal German Ju-52. Bernie was the senior (number 1) captain at United Airlines system wide, with over a thousand hours in the Ford. He also headed up a 'type rating' program, as a type rating was required to fly the airplane commercially. Many commercial pilots simply wanted the honor of having "FO-5" (the designator of the Ford Tri-Motor 5AT series) stamped on the back of their licenses. One of those commercial pilots was Bernie's son, Bryan, who is the Captain of the Ford today! Bryan has been at the controls for over twenty years and also has over one thousand hours in the Ford. Bryan's thirteen-year-old son, Kelby, is an up and coming pilot and hopes to someday be the third generation Godlove at the controls of 5-AT-74.
In June 2003, by special invitation, 5-AT-74 participate at the Ford Motor's Company's 100 Year Centennial Anniversary Celebration in Dearborn, Michigan. It joined the EAA's Ford Tri-Motor 4-AT, NC8047, in a special event where the Ford Tri-Motors landed at the original Ford Airport and what was first paved runway in the world (now the FMC Dearborn Proving Grounds) which was the hallowed ground where both airplanes first took flight over seventy fives years ago. A few weeks later 5-AT-74 also participated at Oshkosh Air Venture 2003 flying in a 'Tri-Motor Reunion' with the EAA Ford Tri-Motor, a Bushmaster 2000, a Stinson Tri-Motor and a JU-52.
In September of 2003, 5-AT-74 joined nearly 30 other historic golden age aircraft in the recreation of the National Air Tour from 1932, flying over 4500 miles in 18 days. The National Air Tour 2003 was simply an experience of a lifetime for everyone involved and could easily have volumes written about it. In the mean time, you can read much more at www.nationalairtour.org.
In November 2003, 5-AT-74 returned to Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport at the request of the City of Phoenix to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the first flight in a Ford Tri-Motor from the airport that Grand Canyon Airlines (initially known as Scenic Airways) on November 18, 1928. Guests on board was the honorable Mayor of Phoenix, Skip Rimza.
On September 4, 2004, Grand Canyon Airlines celebrated the 75th birthday of 5-AT-74 by offering rides to the public along with GCA employees, friends, and family members. One of the highlights was being honored with special guest Janie Stanton, the grand-daughter of William B. Stout who designed the Ford 80 years earlier. Janie sat in the right seat on the first flight of the morning, 75 years to the day of 5-AT-74's first flight in Dearborn, Michigan.
Mr. Seibold has begun plans for a Grand Canyon air tour history section in the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Valle (40G) to show his collection of a 1917 Standard J-1, a 1927 Stinson Detroiter SM-1, a 1928 Curtis Robin, a 1929 Travelair 6000A, and of course the 1929 Ford Tri-Motor. He is currently on a quest to acquire at least one of every airplane known to fly air tours for Scenic Airways and Grand Canyon Airlines. The purpose of the display will be to educate the Grand Canyon visitors of the rich aviation history and evolution of the air tour industry of the Grand Canyon. Ironically, the battle continues as the latest round of rules and restrictions from the National Park Service and Federal Aviation Administration have imposed a nearly fatal blow to the air tour operators.
“It’s a travesty,” John Seibold says. “Now after over 80 years of providing millions of visitors the most spectacular and least intrusive way to see the Grand Canyon, our Government and the extreme environmentalists want to remove our service from the list of solutions to preserve and protect it. I truly believe many want to eliminate air tours completely. Our industry has evolved from the early, arguably much noisier and intrusive Tri-Motors to extremely safe and ultra-quiet VISTALINERS, yet we are still punished for what I believe is a user conflict of the Grand Canyon. If he were alive today I wonder what Parker Van Zandt would say if he knew that the industry he began is now in jeopardy of its extinction. The Tri-Motor began a marvelous mode of enjoyment of seeing the Grand Canyon from the air. I want our public to be educated about this issue and understand that the Ford Tri-Motor and Grand Canyon have intertwined histories that should not be forgotten.”
Currently 5-AT-74 is in its home and can be viewed at the Valle Airport (40G) which is located between Williams and Grand Canyon on HWY 64.
Serial Number 74
MFR Year 1929
If 5-AT-74 could speak, the stories she could tell of her incredible history. In her infancy from 1929 to 1931, she was one of the first Tri-Motors equipped with twin metal floats, accumulating nearly 250 hours as the Ford Motor Company's factory demonstrator as a seaplane on the Detroit River. Then sold to Pan Am in 1931, she flew scheduled routes out of Miami into Central America.
In 1935, 5-AT-74 moved south of the border and began operations in Mexico City, for Cia Mexicana de Aviacion registered as XA-BCX and later XA-BKS. It came back to Pan American in 1936 and then back to Cia Mexicana de Aviacion. In May 1941, it moved further south to Guatemala operating for Cia Guatemalteca de Aviacion in Guatemala City. 5-AT-74 stayed in Guatemala operating as LG-AFA until 1950.
Recovered by Robert Waltermire in March 1950, 5-AT-74 was returned to the United States and was reconditioned for use as an aerial sprayer fighting a grasshopper plague. At this time Northwest Agricultural Aviation Corp out of Choteau, Montana operated it.
Between 1956 and 1959, 5-AT-74 had a series of owners before finally falling into dereliction and disrepair in Florida. 5-AT-74's salvation came at the hands of John and Katherine Louck of Manmouth, Illinois. When Louck found the aircraft in Florida, it was in less than pristine condition being described as "full of frogs, snakes, bugs, etc." He worked for two weeks cleaning and making the aircraft airworthy to ferry it to Monmouth, Illinois. A myriad of problems caused the trip to take 68 days covering 1700 miles. Louck bought 5-AT-74 with the intention of barnstorming it, and he did! It was reported that in one year 5-AT-74 carried 17,000 passengers, 2800 of which were carried in one five day period at Rockford, Illinois. Louck carried a total of 100,000 passengers in 5-AT-74 while he owned it.
During 1963, it was leased to TWA for a cross-country series of flights starting from Los Angeles, California to Newark, New Jersey. Total time in the air was 27 hours, 48 minutes and total en route was 54 hours, 7 minutes. In February 1965 Louck sold 5-AT-74 to American Airlines in New York City. 5-AT-74 was present at the New York City World's Fair in 1965.
Chuck LeMaster purchased her for barnstorming in the early 1970’s before selling her to Mr. Seibold for “a fairly large amount” in 1977. Shortly afterward repeated its 1965 cross-country trek. This time it made the cross-country flight in company with a Scenic Airlines Twin Otter that was operating as a camera ship. Starting in Long Beach, California it flew to Las Vegas, Nevada. From there 5-AT-74 flew over Lake Mead and Hoover Dam and on to fly the length of the Grand Canyon. 5-AT-74 finished its cross-country trip in 7 days ending at New York's Kennedy Airport. While in New York, 5-AT-74 flew over New York Harbor and past the Twin Towers and the Statue of Liberty. Later it flew on to East Hartford, Connecticut to appear at Pratt and Whitney's 60th anniversary celebration before returning to Las Vegas, Nevada.
During 1983, 5-AT-74 was flown out of the San Fernando Airport by Art Scholl and Bernie Godlove during a brief movie career in which it appeared in the movie "To Be or Not To Be". It's beautiful rainbow was temporarily painted out by dozen's of cans of women's silver hairspray in order for it to represent Hilter's personal German Ju-52. Bernie was the senior (number 1) captain at United Airlines system wide, with over a thousand hours in the Ford. He also headed up a 'type rating' program, as a type rating was required to fly the airplane commercially. Many commercial pilots simply wanted the honor of having "FO-5" (the designator of the Ford Tri-Motor 5AT series) stamped on the back of their licenses. One of those commercial pilots was Bernie's son, Bryan, who is the Captain of the Ford today! Bryan has been at the controls for over twenty years and also has over one thousand hours in the Ford. Bryan's thirteen-year-old son, Kelby, is an up and coming pilot and hopes to someday be the third generation Godlove at the controls of 5-AT-74.
In June 2003, by special invitation, 5-AT-74 participate at the Ford Motor's Company's 100 Year Centennial Anniversary Celebration in Dearborn, Michigan. It joined the EAA's Ford Tri-Motor 4-AT, NC8047, in a special event where the Ford Tri-Motors landed at the original Ford Airport and what was first paved runway in the world (now the FMC Dearborn Proving Grounds) which was the hallowed ground where both airplanes first took flight over seventy fives years ago. A few weeks later 5-AT-74 also participated at Oshkosh Air Venture 2003 flying in a 'Tri-Motor Reunion' with the EAA Ford Tri-Motor, a Bushmaster 2000, a Stinson Tri-Motor and a JU-52.
In September of 2003, 5-AT-74 joined nearly 30 other historic golden age aircraft in the recreation of the National Air Tour from 1932, flying over 4500 miles in 18 days. The National Air Tour 2003 was simply an experience of a lifetime for everyone involved and could easily have volumes written about it. In the mean time, you can read much more at www.nationalairtour.org.
In November 2003, 5-AT-74 returned to Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport at the request of the City of Phoenix to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the first flight in a Ford Tri-Motor from the airport that Grand Canyon Airlines (initially known as Scenic Airways) on November 18, 1928. Guests on board was the honorable Mayor of Phoenix, Skip Rimza.
On September 4, 2004, Grand Canyon Airlines celebrated the 75th birthday of 5-AT-74 by offering rides to the public along with GCA employees, friends, and family members. One of the highlights was being honored with special guest Janie Stanton, the grand-daughter of William B. Stout who designed the Ford 80 years earlier. Janie sat in the right seat on the first flight of the morning, 75 years to the day of 5-AT-74's first flight in Dearborn, Michigan.
Mr. Seibold has begun plans for a Grand Canyon air tour history section in the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Valle (40G) to show his collection of a 1917 Standard J-1, a 1927 Stinson Detroiter SM-1, a 1928 Curtis Robin, a 1929 Travelair 6000A, and of course the 1929 Ford Tri-Motor. He is currently on a quest to acquire at least one of every airplane known to fly air tours for Scenic Airways and Grand Canyon Airlines. The purpose of the display will be to educate the Grand Canyon visitors of the rich aviation history and evolution of the air tour industry of the Grand Canyon. Ironically, the battle continues as the latest round of rules and restrictions from the National Park Service and Federal Aviation Administration have imposed a nearly fatal blow to the air tour operators.
“It’s a travesty,” John Seibold says. “Now after over 80 years of providing millions of visitors the most spectacular and least intrusive way to see the Grand Canyon, our Government and the extreme environmentalists want to remove our service from the list of solutions to preserve and protect it. I truly believe many want to eliminate air tours completely. Our industry has evolved from the early, arguably much noisier and intrusive Tri-Motors to extremely safe and ultra-quiet VISTALINERS, yet we are still punished for what I believe is a user conflict of the Grand Canyon. If he were alive today I wonder what Parker Van Zandt would say if he knew that the industry he began is now in jeopardy of its extinction. The Tri-Motor began a marvelous mode of enjoyment of seeing the Grand Canyon from the air. I want our public to be educated about this issue and understand that the Ford Tri-Motor and Grand Canyon have intertwined histories that should not be forgotten.”
Currently 5-AT-74 is in its home and can be viewed at the Valle Airport (40G) which is located between Williams and Grand Canyon on HWY 64.
Serial Number 74
MFR Year 1929
If 5-AT-74 could speak, the stories she could tell of her incredible history. In her infancy from 1929 to 1931, she was one of the first Tri-Motors equipped with twin metal floats, accumulating nearly 250 hours as the Ford Motor Company's factory demonstrator as a seaplane on the Detroit River. Then sold to Pan Am in 1931, she flew scheduled routes out of Miami into Central America.
In 1935, 5-AT-74 moved south of the border and began operations in Mexico City, for Cia Mexicana de Aviacion registered as XA-BCX and later XA-BKS. It came back to Pan American in 1936 and then back to Cia Mexicana de Aviacion. In May 1941, it moved further south to Guatemala operating for Cia Guatemalteca de Aviacion in Guatemala City. 5-AT-74 stayed in Guatemala operating as LG-AFA until 1950.
Recovered by Robert Waltermire in March 1950, 5-AT-74 was returned to the United States and was reconditioned for use as an aerial sprayer fighting a grasshopper plague. At this time Northwest Agricultural Aviation Corp out of Choteau, Montana operated it.
Between 1956 and 1959, 5-AT-74 had a series of owners before finally falling into dereliction and disrepair in Florida. 5-AT-74's salvation came at the hands of John and Katherine Louck of Manmouth, Illinois. When Louck found the aircraft in Florida, it was in less than pristine condition being described as "full of frogs, snakes, bugs, etc." He worked for two weeks cleaning and making the aircraft airworthy to ferry it to Monmouth, Illinois. A myriad of problems caused the trip to take 68 days covering 1700 miles. Louck bought 5-AT-74 with the intention of barnstorming it, and he did! It was reported that in one year 5-AT-74 carried 17,000 passengers, 2800 of which were carried in one five day period at Rockford, Illinois. Louck carried a total of 100,000 passengers in 5-AT-74 while he owned it.
During 1963, it was leased to TWA for a cross-country series of flights starting from Los Angeles, California to Newark, New Jersey. Total time in the air was 27 hours, 48 minutes and total en route was 54 hours, 7 minutes. In February 1965 Louck sold 5-AT-74 to American Airlines in New York City. 5-AT-74 was present at the New York City World's Fair in 1965.
Chuck LeMaster purchased her for barnstorming in the early 1970’s before selling her to Mr. Seibold for “a fairly large amount” in 1977. Shortly afterward repeated its 1965 cross-country trek. This time it made the cross-country flight in company with a Scenic Airlines Twin Otter that was operating as a camera ship. Starting in Long Beach, California it flew to Las Vegas, Nevada. From there 5-AT-74 flew over Lake Mead and Hoover Dam and on to fly the length of the Grand Canyon. 5-AT-74 finished its cross-country trip in 7 days ending at New York's Kennedy Airport. While in New York, 5-AT-74 flew over New York Harbor and past the Twin Towers and the Statue of Liberty. Later it flew on to East Hartford, Connecticut to appear at Pratt and Whitney's 60th anniversary celebration before returning to Las Vegas, Nevada.
During 1983, 5-AT-74 was flown out of the San Fernando Airport by Art Scholl and Bernie Godlove during a brief movie career in which it appeared in the movie "To Be or Not To Be". It's beautiful rainbow was temporarily painted out by dozen's of cans of women's silver hairspray in order for it to represent Hilter's personal German Ju-52. Bernie was the senior (number 1) captain at United Airlines system wide, with over a thousand hours in the Ford. He also headed up a 'type rating' program, as a type rating was required to fly the airplane commercially. Many commercial pilots simply wanted the honor of having "FO-5" (the designator of the Ford Tri-Motor 5AT series) stamped on the back of their licenses. One of those commercial pilots was Bernie's son, Bryan, who is the Captain of the Ford today! Bryan has been at the controls for over twenty years and also has over one thousand hours in the Ford. Bryan's thirteen-year-old son, Kelby, is an up and coming pilot and hopes to someday be the third generation Godlove at the controls of 5-AT-74.
In June 2003, by special invitation, 5-AT-74 participate at the Ford Motor's Company's 100 Year Centennial Anniversary Celebration in Dearborn, Michigan. It joined the EAA's Ford Tri-Motor 4-AT, NC8047, in a special event where the Ford Tri-Motors landed at the original Ford Airport and what was first paved runway in the world (now the FMC Dearborn Proving Grounds) which was the hallowed ground where both airplanes first took flight over seventy fives years ago. A few weeks later 5-AT-74 also participated at Oshkosh Air Venture 2003 flying in a 'Tri-Motor Reunion' with the EAA Ford Tri-Motor, a Bushmaster 2000, a Stinson Tri-Motor and a JU-52.
In September of 2003, 5-AT-74 joined nearly 30 other historic golden age aircraft in the recreation of the National Air Tour from 1932, flying over 4500 miles in 18 days. The National Air Tour 2003 was simply an experience of a lifetime for everyone involved and could easily have volumes written about it. In the mean time, you can read much more at www.nationalairtour.org.
In November 2003, 5-AT-74 returned to Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport at the request of the City of Phoenix to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the first flight in a Ford Tri-Motor from the airport that Grand Canyon Airlines (initially known as Scenic Airways) on November 18, 1928. Guests on board was the honorable Mayor of Phoenix, Skip Rimza.
On September 4, 2004, Grand Canyon Airlines celebrated the 75th birthday of 5-AT-74 by offering rides to the public along with GCA employees, friends, and family members. One of the highlights was being honored with special guest Janie Stanton, the grand-daughter of William B. Stout who designed the Ford 80 years earlier. Janie sat in the right seat on the first flight of the morning, 75 years to the day of 5-AT-74's first flight in Dearborn, Michigan.
Mr. Seibold has begun plans for a Grand Canyon air tour history section in the Planes of Fame Air Museum in Valle (40G) to show his collection of a 1917 Standard J-1, a 1927 Stinson Detroiter SM-1, a 1928 Curtis Robin, a 1929 Travelair 6000A, and of course the 1929 Ford Tri-Motor. He is currently on a quest to acquire at least one of every airplane known to fly air tours for Scenic Airways and Grand Canyon Airlines. The purpose of the display will be to educate the Grand Canyon visitors of the rich aviation history and evolution of the air tour industry of the Grand Canyon. Ironically, the battle continues as the latest round of rules and restrictions from the National Park Service and Federal Aviation Administration have imposed a nearly fatal blow to the air tour operators.
“It’s a travesty,” John Seibold says. “Now after over 80 years of providing millions of visitors the most spectacular and least intrusive way to see the Grand Canyon, our Government and the extreme environmentalists want to remove our service from the list of solutions to preserve and protect it. I truly believe many want to eliminate air tours completely. Our industry has evolved from the early, arguably much noisier and intrusive Tri-Motors to extremely safe and ultra-quiet VISTALINERS, yet we are still punished for what I believe is a user conflict of the Grand Canyon. If he were alive today I wonder what Parker Van Zandt would say if he knew that the industry he began is now in jeopardy of its extinction. The Tri-Motor began a marvelous mode of enjoyment of seeing the Grand Canyon from the air. I want our public to be educated about this issue and understand that the Ford Tri-Motor and Grand Canyon have intertwined histories that should not be forgotten.”
Currently 5-AT-74 is in its home and can be viewed at the Valle Airport (40G) which is located between Williams and Grand Canyon on HWY 64.