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Catalonia in Venice: Singularity

Cantieri Navali, Castello, 40 (Calle Quintavalle)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Institut Ramon Llull

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Conversion. Recycle Group

Chiesa di Sant’Antonin, Castello (Campo Sant’Antonin)

May 6th - October 31st

Organization: Moscow Museum of Modern Art

Dansaekhwa

Palazzo Contarini-Polignac, Dorsoduro, 874 (Accademia)

May 7th – August 15th

Organization: The Boghossian Foundation

Dispossession

Palazzo Donà Brusa, Campo San Polo, 2177

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: European Capital of Culture Wroclaw 2016

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EM15 presents Doug Fishbone’s Leisure Land Golf

Arsenale Docks, Castello, 40A, 40B, 41C

May 6th - July 26th

Organization: EM15

Eredità e Sperimentazione

Grand Hotel Hungaria & Ausonia, Viale Santa Maria Elisabetta, 28, Lido di Venezia

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Istituto Nazionale di BioArchitettura - Sezione di Padova

Frontiers Reimagined

Palazzo Grimani, Castello, 4858 (Ramo Grimani)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Tagore Foundation International; Polo museale del Veneto

Glasstress 2015 Gotika

Istituto Veneto di Scienze Lettere ed Arti, Palazzo Cavalli Franchetti, San Marco, 2847 (Campo Santo Stefano); Chiesa di Santa Maria della Visitazione, Centro Culturale Don Orione Artigianelli, Dorsoduro, 919 (Zattere); Fondazione Berengo, Campiello della Pescheria, 15, Murano;

May 9th — November 22nd

Organization: The State Hermitage Museum

Graham Fagen: Scotland + Venice 2015

Palazzo Fontana, Cannaregio, 3829 (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Scotland + Venice

Grisha Bruskin. An Archaeologist’s Collection

Former Chiesa di Santa Caterina, Cannaregio, 4941-4942

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Centro Studi sulle Arti della Russia (CSAR), Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia

Helen Sear, ... The Rest Is Smoke

Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Castello, 450 (Fondamenta San Gioacchin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Cymru yn Fenis/Wales in Venice

Highway to Hell

Palazzo Michiel, Cannaregio, 4391/A (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Hubei Museum of Art

Humanistic Nature and Society (Shan-Shui) – An Insight into the Future

Palazzo Faccanon, San Marco, 5016 (Mercerie)

May 7th – August 4th

Organization: Shanghai Himalayas Museum

In the Eye of the Thunderstorm: Effervescent Practices from the Arab World & South Asia

Dorsoduro, 417 (Zattere)

May 6th - November 15th

Organization: ArsCulture

Italia Docet | Laboratorium- Artists, Participants, Testimonials and Activated Spectators

Palazzo Barbarigo Minotto, San Marco, 2504 (Fondamenta Duodo o Barbarigo)

May 9th – June 30th; September 11st – October 31st

Organization: Italian Art Motherboard Foundation (i-AM Foundation)

Jaume Plensa: Together

Basilica di San Giorgio Maggiore, Isola di San Giorgio Maggiore

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Abbazia di San Giorgio Maggiore Benedicti Claustra Onlus

Jenny Holzer "War Paintings"

Museo Correr, San Marco, 52 (Piazza San Marco)

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: The Written Art Foundation; Museo Correr, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia

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Jump into the Unknown

Palazzo Loredan dell’Ambasciatore, Dorsoduro, 1261-1262

May 9th – June 18th

Organization: Nine Dragon Heads

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Learn from Masters

Palazzo Bembo, San Marco, 4793 (Riva del Carbon)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Pan Tianshou Foundation

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My East is Your West

Palazzo Benzon, San Marco, 3927

May 6th – October 31st

Organization: The Gujral Foundation

Ornamentalism. The Purvitis Prize

Arsenale Nord, Tesa 99

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Secretariat of the Latvian Presidency of the Council of the European Union in 2015

Path and Adventure

Arsenale, Castello, 2126/A (Campo della Tana)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau; The Macao Museum of Art; The Cultural Affairs Bureau

Patricia Cronin: Shrine for Girls, Venice

Chiesa di San Gallo, San Marco, 1103 (Campo San Gallo)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Brooklyn Rail Curatorial Projects

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Roberto Sebastian Matta. Sculture

Giardino di Palazzo Soranzo Cappello, Soprintendenza BAP per le Province di Venezia, Belluno, Padova e Treviso, Santa Croce, 770 (Fondamenta Rio Marin)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Echaurren Salaris

Salon Suisse: S.O.S. Dada - The World Is A Mess

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

May 9th; June 4th - 6th; September 10th - 12th; October 15th - 17th; November 19th – 21st

Organization: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia

Sean Scully: Land Sea

Palazzo Falier, San Marco, 2906

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Volume!

Sepphoris. Alessandro Valeri

Molino Stucky, interior atrium, Giudecca, 812

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Assessorato alla Cultura del Comune di Narni(TR); a Sidereal Space of Art; Satellite Berlin

Tesla Revisited

Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 18th

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

The Bridges of Graffiti

Arterminal c/o Terminal San Basilio, Dorsoduro (Fondamenta Zattere al Ponte Lungo)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Associazione Culturale Inossidabile

The Dialogue of Fire. Ceramic and Glass Masters from Barcelona to Venice

Palazzo Tiepolo Passi, San Polo, 2774

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization: Fundaciò Artigas; ArsCulture

The Question of Beings

Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello, 3701

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Museum of Contemporary Art, Taipei (MoCA, Taipei)

The Revenge of the Common Place

Università Ca' Foscari, Ca' Bernardo, Dorsoduro, 3199 (Calle Bernardo)

May 9th – September 30th

Organization: Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University Brussels-VUB)

The Silver Lining. Contemporary Art from Liechtenstein and other Microstates

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

October 24th – November 1st

Organization: Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein

The Sound of Creation. Paintings + Music by Beezy Bailey and Brian Eno

Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello, Palazzo Pisani, San Marco, 2810 (Campo Santo Stefano)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: ArsCulture

The Union of Fire and Water

Palazzo Barbaro, San Marco, 2840

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: YARAT Contemporary Art Organisation

Thirty Light Years - Theatre of Chinese Art

Palazzo Rossini, San Marco, 4013 (Campo Manin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: GAC Global Art Center Foundation; The Guangdong Museum of Art

Tsang Kin-Wah: The Infinite Nothing, Hong Kong in Venice

Arsenale, Castello, 2126 (Campo della Tana)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: M+, West Kowloon Cultural District; Hong Kong Arts Development Council

Under the Surface, Newfoundland and Labrador at Venice

Galleria Ca' Rezzonico, Dorsoduro, 2793

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Terra Nova Art Foundation

tnaf.ca

Ursula von Rydingsvard

Giardino della Marinaressa, Castello (Riva dei Sette Martiri)

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization:Yorkshire Sculpture Park

We Must Risk Delight: Twenty Artists from Los Angeles

Magazzino del Sale n. 3, Dorsoduro, 264 (Zattere)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: bardoLA

Wu Tien-Chang: Never Say Goodbye

Palazzo delle Prigioni, Castello, 4209 (San Marco)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Taipei Fine Arts Museum of Taiwan

www.anglesey-today.com/llynnon-mill.html

Pack Panther Fight by ♥ Amara Parmelee ♥

7 4

Amara's Journal

Editor's note: The panther translations are in italics and were not visible to those observing this fight.

What started it

Amara stood up, storming off to the edge of the bed. Here she was feeling bad for herself and Rico just acted like nothing had happened. "I'm not apologizing for giving an ungrateful bitch like you a vaccine to save your life…but don't expect treatment from the medics you're so fucking convinced are useless!" She started for the stairs. "Next time your dumbass decides to get deliberately infected, do the family a favor and stay away from the Den!"

Tanner 's ears twitched at this point, frowning as he looked over to Rico, feeling Amara's emotions still, sadness and maybe just a little anger. He shook his head at this point before letting out, "what the fuck did you do!" he lets out angrily as he tries to get himself up from the wall. His own mix up emotions weren't helping. He was volitile right now and Amara's emotions weren't helping in the least. He narrows his eyes a bit before limping over towards the other.

Rico didnt pay anymind to her. He didnt think the medics in general were useless. Sure he was mad she took forever but this could have been avoided if she didnt threaten him and then shock him 5 seconds after being shocked. He heard tanner and sighed "I asked her not to talk to me.....if she wants to shock me and threaten me then theres nor reason to talk to me.....So I told her not to speak to me" he shrugs as he wasnt going to apologize for anything he said she wouldnt stop talking to him so she made him say that. He knew she was probably going to tell alot of packies and they werent going to like him anymore but its just that way he assumed

(( Patman Ballinger: no*))

"News Flash jerk. When you disrespect an Elder, you get punished. I walked out on my wife to come here yesterday….I left her alone at a fucking restaurant, our private time after several days of working on different schedules…to run over here to treat Yvonne. And you send a rude, ungrateful text across the entire Pack channel because you didn't feel like waiting!" Amara paced around for a few seconds. "After all, that you go and jeopardize the treatment by deliberately kissing your infected lover…and I'm the bad one for giving you a vaccine?!"

Tanner 's ears flattened against his head at this point as he shook his head, taking a deep breath before murmuring out, "I don't know exactly what happened... but sounds like you're being an asshole Rico..." he lets out, looking to Amara, "I... I shouldn't stay here... I'm... just gonna make things worse..." he lets out, knowing he's getting angry and upset and more confused and depressed then he already is.

Rico shakes his head "Fine Im an asshole" he throws his hands in the air. "Look at me the biggest asshole ever " he hops down off the ledge and to the pool below and goes into the back of the part of the cave to be alone "The asshole will be downstairs if you need it" he said down and laid his head on the rock closing his eyes

Amara snarled, a more animalistic bellow than a hybrid feline would technically make. Fists clenched tight enough to draw blood, she'd storm after the sarcastic Rico. Now would be a smart time to hold her back…because after admitting all this sacrifice just to hear Rico blow it off like it meant nothing, Amara was not about to tell him off…oh no…she was ready to kill him.

Editor's note: *rings fight bell*

Tanner wouldn't hold her back though... he wasn't in a state of mind to do so... not with Amara's emotions as we as his own engulphing his mind. He clenched his fists and knawed his lip as he backed up some trying not to trip or anything as he tried to get away from Amara and her emotions before he did something that he'd regret. His heart was thumping in his chest before he shook his head and let out a loud scream before starting to sob softly, hands coming to his hair, injured shoulder aching a bit as he dropped to his knees trying to create an invisible sphere around himself like Alexandra was trying to teach him... it wasn't working though.

Rico heard the snarl but didnt think anything of it at the time. He scratched a his chin with a yawn before looking back at the wwater

Without Tanner to stop her, Amara jumped down to the pool, landing easily on her feet. The snarls never ceased to leave her lips, a challenging noise to the ears of panther. She'd prowl outside the grotto, snapping in a fit of loud growls and hissing, the sounds being the equivalent of curses deliberate enough to provoke Rico in their native feline dialect.

" You spineless ungrateful coward! If you want to run away from a conversation that badly, just say so!"

Rico was insulted at this and this was just nature but panthers werent an animal to turn down such calls. He angrily growled before turning over and walking through the falls to meet the call. He growled the yellow feline eyes on her as his claws came out. He opened his mouth in what almost looked like a smile but it was to show his canines in intimidations as he snarled back angrily

Amara knelt for a moment at the reply, not out of fear but merely bracing herself in case he charged. She raised her left hand, presenting her natural claws to the male as a message she would not be backing down to him. Her rank was important, and Amara had every intention of making that message clear in the hisses she returned.

Tanner tugged on his hair before shaking his head, shouting loudly, "STOP IT! STOP IT! STOP IT!" His claws dug into his scalp as he growled out, tears slipping down his cheeks as his eyes became rimmed with crimson, pupils getting larger as he stared at the ground.

Rico crouched down snarling and snapping. He indeed had no doubt she wouldnt back down but neither was he. When he was created his scientist wanteed to see how far a panther could be fused into a human. So his willingness to accept a challege was high. He continued the showing of his canines ignoring the pleas to stop. Hisses escaped his lips as he looked at her . His body lowered but he wasnt going to charge first with his size one bad charge could take him out the fight

Patman Ballinger: ((Trans)) Im not backing down....You wanna fight me thenfine I tried to walk from this issue

Amara took advantage of this hesitation, lunging forward to attack his midsection. A quick sweep with her left hand lashed out at the male panther, both hand and tongue desiring blood. The howling reflected her disgust in him, again repeating taunting growls and roars intent to demean him. In the wild, such noises were reminiscent of a female disapproving a weaker suitor.

Amara Parmelee: ((trans)) You did nothing of the sort! You pouted and turned your back like some angry child at nursery. Pathetic...why did I waste my time trying to treat you at all?!

Rico started back before a burning came across his stomache. Fresh claw marks began to bleed which didnt make the male panther too happy. He snarled loudly his right hand camed down in a club like motion hoping to rake his sharp claws down the side of her cheek. A snarl given taunting the female panther that most would take as an insult to their sex in the big cat world. He wanted nothing more than to sink his teeth into her neck . He snapped again in her direction before giving a call as if he claimed superiority in this battle

Patman Ballinger: ((Trans))Now you insult me? And spill my blood...FINE..... I did not ask you to fight........I told you to leave me alone...But you keep on talking. I told you not to treat me so you wasted your own time I asked you not to!!!!!

Tanner 's fingers dug into his scalp as he just stared at the ground, breath coming out in short little gasps as his usually golden eyes became crimson, pupils getting bigger and smaller as he stared at the ground. His claws were finally removed from his scalp as he slowly got to his feet, eyes narrowed dangerously as he moved towards the stairs, limping slightly but not seeming to be in any pain anymore.

Amara was not about to let Rico actually mark her in this fight. She braced for the impact which sent her flying rudely into the waters of the pool. Sitting up immediately and panting heavily, Amara spit the bit of blood from her mouth that was caused by the bruising. Several hisses went let out in Rico's direction. Running some water over her face, she adjusted her stance, flicking her ears in retaliation at Rico's bold proclamation of victory. She launched herself in the air this time, intent on landing a swift right hook to his face.

Amara Parmelee: ((trans)) If you wished to die so badly, just say so weakling! I won't have you infecting the entire family for your fucking pride! I'll have you show some damn respect before this is over.

Rico snarled as his swipe hit but it was short lived as he saw her lunge. His head snappedto the side as he tumbled meeting not water but just more rock. He groaned as his body met the hard surface but he shook his head moving back into his stance. His face now with fresh claw marks he could let that go. He lunged forward upon getting up his face and belly burned but his right raised a claws attempting to slam and rake hard at the top of her heard and forehead heavy snarls as he did

(( Patman Ballinger: couldnt*))

Patman Ballinger: ((Trans)) I dont get infected like most. If I get a cold its small and its not serious. I respected you until you threaten me and shock me....You know im still shook from the last time I was left behind by packies *Swipe* But no instead of just leaving me be you want to be an aggressor....I refuse to kill you but ill defend myself and make sure its know you started this!!!!

arwen Eiren wanders into the den arms crossed over her chest , her small eyes widen as she could see the fight , ears pinningb back against her head standing there"m.....mama!"she saw Rico attacking her mama, She lets out a very feirce, more then she even knew she could do growl"LEAVE MY MAMA ALONE!!"she yells at the top of her lungs"LEAVE HER ALONE!!"She screams

Tanner

Tanner Blackheart: [[uuh -_-"]]

Patman Ballinger: ((Tanner great post lol))

Amara Parmelee: ((It moved me to tears, Tanner. Such powerful words...hahaha))

Tanner Blackheart: [[T_T ur so mean]]

Amara screamed as her hair was caught, the weight of Rico's arm throwing her sideways in the rocky walls. Trickles of blood ran down the side of her face as she heard Arwen's voice. For once, she went back to English. "Arwen, you stay back! I want you nowhere near this!" She pushed herself off the wall, hoping to land a strong blow to Rico's already injured midsection. The roars of defiance and her authoritative stance would speak volumes to the male panther.

Amara Parmelee: ((trans)) Learn well, Rico! This is a pack, not a pride. The elders and leads are to be respected, not taken for granted with they are most convenient for you! You insulted the medics of this family and I will not stand for it! I've tried to be supportive and yet all you're done is behave like an infant!

Patman Ballinger: ((Yea me an amara are friends again it was such an inspiration lol jk

arwen Eiren: (damn i didnt see tanner's post)

Zhin Murakami wakes up, she streches and yawns looking around if she was alone. Zhin touches a spot behind her left ear and a mask morphes out her chaw around her mouth and nose, the last hing she remembered before she felt aslepp, was hearing Amara saying something about a virus.

Tanner had since moved down the stairs, ears plastered on his face and an almost strained, maybe pained expression on his face. He wasn't in pain, however, just fighting... with himself as he moved towards the fighting. His eyes went immidiately to Arwen as he growled out, "If you have your phone... call the pack now... tell them to get their asses here before the den gets smeared with blood..." he says, not seeming to care that his words might scare the child. He turned to Rico and Amara at this point and growled low in his throat, claws out, blood dripping down the sides of his face from the wounds he'd inflicted on himself, crimson eyes getting darker.

arwen Eiren pulls out her pda , pushing a button on it and screams into it top of her lung"RICO AND MAMA MARA TEARING EACH OTHER UP! NEED HELP!THEY WONT STOP FIGHTING!"

Rico moved forward to follow up his hand coming down again clawing at the top of her head again as another burn emerged from his midsection. New claw bloody marks emerging. The stupidest thing someone could do what intervene in a big cat fight. They were fights that couldnt be broken up and could get the one breaking it hurt. He snarled the pain in his stomacheand lower section growing. He roared out bringing his hand up turning waiting for her next attack

Patman Ballinger: ((Trans))I didnt insult the medics. the medics have my respect for the ones I have met. Notice my comments were to you not the medical staff. I said leave me be....LKeave me be........But now you come to fighting. i understand respect but yea anger and worry can make a person abit angry. Now look your cub pleads for you to stop but instead you want to fight.

arwen Eiren heart races as she waits for someone to come help to knock sense into the two fighting. Her little heart raced, she started breathing quickly"stop fightging stop fighting!"she growls , her eyes watering up"DONT HURT MY MOMMY!!"

Zhin Murakami comes downstairs following the fighting noises, she sees Amara and Rico fighting? What the.. she tabs Tanner at his shoulder "What is going on?!" Looking over to Arwen seeing the kid all frighten

Amara kept her body low to the ground before swinging a leg out to trip him. The roars only got louder as if trying to drown out any voice of reason. This was beyond a personal fit for her; this was the natural way of showing her stance on this issue. Wild howls filled every corner of the den as Amara explained herself in a tongue only Rico would understand.

Amara Parmelee: ((trans)) How quickly you forget your words from yesterday. "Fuck it…I'll do what little I can do since no one cares." Of course we cared! We've always cared! But no, you were too stuck up in your own damn impatience to see it! To hell with earlier, that's why I yelled at you yesterday and for your rude remarks, that's why you were shocked!

I'll comfort Arwen after this…after you apologize for trampling over our sacrifices! Mitka was traumatized from her attack and is still in training. Tanner was tortured by the UAC just a few days ago! I was with my wife…I'm sorry it took so long, but you have no right to look down on someone's attempt to help you!

Tanner knew he couldn't let their fight continue much longer... his own fight getting difficult. He couldn't hold the other back much longer if this continued but even considering leaving made it ten times worse to fight the other so he gave up on that idea completely as his eyes narrowed. It was either stop them from fighting... or better yet... knock at least one of them out before all hell broke loose... The moment he felt a tap on his shoulder, however, his eyes narrowed and he wipped around, claws going straight for Zhin's chest as he growls out loudly, eyes getting even darker.

arwen Eiren sdcreaming top her lungs"STOP FIGHTING!"her body shook breathing quickly smelling her mama mara's blood, ears pinned back against her head"no more no more!!FAMILY DONT FIGHT!!!!"She sways as she stands

Rico got off balance from her foot and snarled as he didnt trip fully seeing he was on all fours. He backed away shaking his head as his cheek and stomache bled. His snarls and roars echoeing loudly in return to hers a form of panther speaking that they only could understand

Patman Ballinger: ((Trans)) That noone was directed to you not that it makes my words better. From what I saw you were the only medic with a fucking pda ON!!!. I know tanner was gone !!!

Akiel Martian came running in catching the sight before him, emerald hued eyes shifting already into that darkened feral jade, "..ah 'ell na..", he shook his head, "..this'll na do..", his left mechanical arm raised, coming to be pointed upon Mara and Rico. the arm straightened and that small latch at the palm would open, his right, moved for its respective cerberus gun, "..cover yer ears, Arwen..", he said as he pulled it and raised it high, and ear splitting shot of a fifty cal depleted uranium shell would go off, resonatting the air about them with the sound, Syle's ears flattened agains his head before he growled out, "..S'ENOUGH ALL O' YE'S!!"

Jayde Rasmuson enters and observes the situation at hand.. walking closer to Arwen she puts her hand on the little one's head, a gesture that had become familiar with her. Taking morenote to Amara, Jaydesucked in a deep breath then exhaled.. looking about to the others, emerald glance finally resting 'pon Syle, who was.. fuckin' shit up.. oh shit! Jayde kind of ducked then watched the effect this had..

Zhin Murakami is a little surprised at Tanners move, as his claws dig into her chest she reaches up with her left mechanic hand griping around his wrist, she looks straight into his eyes, purring softly "Shhh..." then she heard Syle yelling and autmaticly ducks pulling Tanner down with her.

Amara let out a last minute reply, her tail hairs flaring angrily as she sounded more like a large angry domestic cat before the sound of Syle's gun shut her up. The blood dripping from her forehead didn't seem to bother her though the immediate ringing in her ears was a different story. Her hands rose to cover her ears from the stinging. "…was deafening us really necessary?" she whimpered.

Amara Parmelee: ((trans)) I was saying goodbye to my lover whom I haven't had a proper sit down with in days! It's not like I just got the message and ran off; we were having a meal…Tanner's PDA was destroyed, and even if he could hear the feed, he was in no position to help!

arwen Eiren hears the gun going off and lets out a scream, and then well between watching her mom fighting , hearing the gun go off, the poor 5 year old fainted

Rico snarls his ears slam down against his head as thee sound of the gun erupts. His cheek and belly were bleeding but his panther communication continued

Patman Ballinger: ((trans))I didnt know you were with her!!! Ok im sorry but I lost alot and It got to me when it seemed like she was dying!!!! So dont turn the whole medic team on me when I spoke to you....And I know tanner wasnt on the line so you were the only one i was speaking to......Now ya daughter needs you more than this fight

Rennat would have winced as he's grabbed by the wrist and pulled down but this wasn't Tanner anymore... this was Rennat who felt no pain. He stared into Zhin's eyes as she shushed him, dark crimson eyes focusing on her and nothing else. He focused his mind on her, blocking out some of the emotions from the other's, dark eyes getting a bit lighter as he gives a bit of an almost pained expression, still fighting the other personality back. He winced quite a bit, tensing against the other at the shot, ears ringing as he growls out.

[12:55] Tanner Blackheart: [[Tanner would have not Rennat would have -_-"]]

Akiel Martian: "When it seem that no one be listenin' ta a worried child n' oi get a text, aye oi think it be..", he said and lowered the gun, wagging it between Rico and Amara with his next words, "..what the fuck be all this about, we're supposed ta be family n' oi walk in ta ye' both tearin' at one another..", he holstered the cerberus gun. Mechanical left arm lowering too as the latch closed, "..what's all this, y'all two have beef, ye' should'na be scrappin' in the den..ye' be scarrin' the wee ones.."

Zhin Murakami slowly straightens up after Syles shoot, her right ear rings and is flaten on the head, she pulls Tanner up wither, her mech hand gripping his right wrist like a bench vice. She continues staring at him, noticing the change in his eyes she purrs softly again "Shhhhhh...."

Amara backed away, moving to check on the collapsed Arwen. "Sweetheart…Arwen…are you alright?" She didn't feel any now pains, so she knew she had not been shot. Ignoring Syle a moment, she mews her final response to Rico. They had reached a relative understanding though no one understood that. She'd gotten the apology she'd been after and the male knew now why she'd been so cross. Not the traditional means of talking things out. "It was in regards to some events concerning yesterday. We've settled it for the most far though. Sometimes, between panthers, it's easier the converse that way. I'm sorry for scaring any of ya…"

Amara Parmelee: ((trans)) If you read your messages again you would have seen my reply "I'm in Madres with Adagio...but I'll head over to the den now." *walks to Arwen* I would never turn the family against you over a petty argument like this, but I'd appreciate if you thought a little better of us.

arwen Eiren had a huge bump on her forehead a bit passedout to respond at the moment, poor kid got the hell scaredout of her

Rico shakes his head free of blood before dipping it in the water. The had worked it out abit and Rico got how he felt out and gave his sorry. He did like having other panthers in the pack to the fact they could talk in their own way but only bad that their language no matter what will look hostile. He dipped his head in the water a sting aas he felt his face stretched when he opened his mouth gettin g a few sips of water. He sighed gave one last few growls before coming uo and sitting on rock

Patman Ballinger: ((Trans)) Im sorry......Its just been a bad run of events.....Hope ovetime this issue heals

Rennat 's heart was racing as he continues to fight back the other personality, the battle getting easier as he focuses on Zhin, though he could still feel the quickly dimming anger coming from the two who'd been fighting but his focus was on Zhin, not seeming bothered by the grip on his wrist, though still seeming to 'wince' every now and then as he continued to fight with the darker personality. Thank god Arwen had managed to get help... or things could have ended badly.

Akiel Martian frowned, shaking his head, "..will take a whole lot more ta scare me than two brawlin' Panthers..", in truth, male panther hybrids worried him, always, Dax was one and Rico another, Panthers were strong cats and possibly the only spcies of Hybrid able to go toe to toe with Syle. The Wolf had size and strength and if it wasnt for that, well. He certainly would have to be worried then, he looked from Amara to Rico, and frowned, he shook his head. Then looked to Tanner, "..oi dun' feel like seein' Rennat ta'day lad..ye' keep 'im locked away nice n' tight.."

Zhin Murakami nods at Syles words, she was glad the fight was over. Zhin holds her gaze straight for Tanners eyes purring deeper as she tightens the grip on his wrist a little more once more she hushes at him "Shhhhhh..." her eyes glowing.

Amara cradled the child in her bruised arms, the blood covered claws long retracted. "It was not out of violence if that explains it further. Just a really primal form of a heart to heart." She sighed as she held Arwen, a long hiss and low growling spoken to Rico again ending in a faint smile. "Still, two Pack members fighting is not something to be encouraged. As the Medic Lead and as an elder, I should know this."

Amara Parmelee: ((trans)) I'd like to help you if you'd just let me…I know how

horrible it can be to be held powerless and captive in a cell…tortured to the point of madness. We can talk another time…when you are ready that is.

Rico listens to the growls and nods his head giving a growl in return. He shakes his head rapidly his hair sending water and blood that dripped from it flying. He stretched his tail swung slowly as he looked around then back to his claws covered in blood and strands of hair. He began to pull at them cleaning them as he sat there

Patman Ballinger: ((trans)) Yea whenevers' fine...But now les both calm down and you can make sure your cubs is ok

arwen Eiren groans her blue eyes flickering opening letting out a yelp hand to her head she starts to cry

Rennat 's ears twitches at Syle's words as he lets out a bitter laugh, "sorry... but Tanner's not in control... hasn't been since shortly after those two morons started fighting... It's not me you should be worried about though... Just be glad i'm around to stop 'the other one' from paying you all a visit..." he lets out, having finally looked away from Zhin, eyes now Rennat's usual crimson color though his heart was still racing as he speeks again, "It may be best if Tanner stays away from the pack for a while... if things like this are going to happen... it's not safe for him or for you... Not till he's got things worked out."

Akiel Martian looked them all over again, sighing, from Amara behind him to Rico, to Zhin and Tanner, "..glad that be over at least..", he said shaking his head, if that was talking, he wondered for a moment, if Keira, with her desire to always have a scrap with Syle, was her way too, of talking? Was there a message to be read in the way, Keira faught? Strange as it would seem, but Amara and Rico, had given Syle something to think on, mayhaps sometimes, later, he would pull one of them aside and ask to learn more on Panther type Hybrids. It could help him with his own, oddly chaotic relationship, "..aye, Mara, ye' should..as should Rico..", his voice was calm, soft, there was no blame being pointed at anyone, "..mayhaps next time, ye' both need a heart ta heart it could be..away from the wee ones eyes?", he certainly wasnt one to go against instinct. After all it was what kept Syle alive this long, instinct, "..oi gotta go, y'all..please..stay safe..", he said before moving, "..aye, dun wanna see that one either..", he said plainly to Tanner before walking out.

Amara immediately tried to calm the child. "It's okay. I'm right here, Arwen." She'd rock back and forth gently to assure Arwen the dust had settled. She'd only nod to Rico, agreeing that the argument of sorts was over. "Rennat…kindly don't call us morons. And if Tanner's mind needs a break from the family and what not for a while, please go ahead and leave. We had no intention of harming tanner nor sparking you to the surface." She groaned at Syle's words, but knew that if her own elders were here, they'd be furious with her.

arwen Eiren buries her head into Amara's shoulder and clings, little tears rolling down her cheeks "no more fighting."

Rico groans as his wound stretch when he lays down. He yawns hanging his leg and arm over into the water and looks around "We need a tree in here" he mumbles before closing his eyes just resting for a moment but nit sleeping

Zhin Murakami looks from Tanner to Syle and back. Slowly she lets go of Tanners wrist, looking down on her chest, she curses as the green was darkened with blood, she did not notice till now. "Dammit, this suit was only a few days old" she grumbles to her self, then she looks up saying loud "Everybody ok so far?"

arwen Eiren looks up" Kitty scratching post?I can buy one uh huhs."

Rennat looks calmly over to Amara, heart beat starting to return to normal as he lets out calmly, "sorry... still a bit tense. We need to keep stuff like that away from Tanner right now... a new, very dangerous, personality has 'appeared' and it's not a friendly one. His name is Tearnn... and he will tear and anyone or anything that's in the vicinity," he explains as he moves to stand slowly, looking to Zhin, "sorry for attacking you."

Tanner Blackheart: [[at anyone]]

Amara shook her head, pausing to pull a cleansing wipe from her bag. "No..no..I know what it looked like but we weren't fighting; we were arguing at best. Mommy's a panther, and that fighting you saw was how panthers argue or voice their opinions. It's not the most civil of sights." She'd hug the girl tightly before attempting to clean her forehead. "Rico, try the beams of the ruined building rather than a tree in here. The city ledges are good also for relaxing." Rennat's description was disturbing at best. "Where did this persona grow from? The UAC attacks…or is it better not to ask?"

That had to be one my most enjoyable RPs to date

Llynnon Mill by neil t3

6

And an adjoining prehistoric settlement .

I edited the other shots to remove minor flaws , like dust and scratches , but I like how this looked like an old postcard straight out of the camera.

Trying new things , dusted off my old Kiev 88 medium format film camera ( a Soviet copy of a Hasselblad 1600) from about 1990 and tried out some new (old) lenses on it.

A Zodiac-8 (30mm fisheye lens) , a Volna-3 (80mm standard lens) and a Kalinar-3 (150mm short telephoto ) . Got a few more lenses on the way .

These cameras from the former Soviet union do have a reputation for terrible quality control at the factories , they build the camera , you tweak it to get it working right !

First two roll's of film I put though it are out of date , but sort of came out O.K .......

The black and white film was in a 6x4.5cm back and leaked light from the dark slide slot like a sieve !!!

Replacement parts have arrived from Hasselblad .

The developed film also had unusual scratches on them that need investigating , but overall still usable.

Adjustment is also needed to set it up better for long fast lenses .

Dusted off my old 120 roll film scanner from 2001 and it actually worked on Windows 7 !

Set it up on a "medium" resolution and it churned out a huge 170mb file , compared to the 24mb RAW files from my Sony a900 .

The scan output was set at approx. a 70 megapixel equivalent .

Still looked good but way bigger than needed !

Carne Picada Rellena 2 by Diego Garín Martín

6

La receta AQUÍ

Just Two Rooms by Augusta Godenot

7 3

sldesignnotebook.blogspot.com/2014/10/just-two-rooms.html

The Dust Bunny Maple Cottage is soooo adorable. It has only two rooms, but i love it anyway.

Apple Fall has a sweet dining set, chandelier and plates at The Chapter Four. I scooped them right up and put them in this darling house.

The Chapter Four

maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Dreamlove/100/134/1236

Dust Bunny

maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Firefly%20Meadows/175/119/25

Iglesia monasterio de San Martiño Pinario en Santiago de Compostela by asturconmar(Marcos)

2 10

Ménsulas del balcón volado

viajarconelarte.blogspot.com/2012/11/santiago-de-composte...

Cuenta la leyenda, que a principios del siglo IX en un bosque llamado Libredón, una estrella guió a un hombre llamado Paio hasta el lugar donde en el siglo I se habían enterrado los restos del Apóstol Santiago el Mayor, que habían sido trasladados desde Jerusalem tras su martirio en una barca de piedra. Poco tiempo después del descubrimiento de la Tumba, la sede episcopal asentada en Iria (Padrón) se trasladó a Compostela. El hallazgo del Sepulcro fue la base sobre la que se cimentó la ciudad.

viajarconelarte.blogspot.com/2012/11/santiago-de-composte...

IGLESIA

Los arquitectos que trabajaron en la iglesia fueron el portugués Mateo López, que se encargó de las primeras trazas; el granadino Bartolomé Fernández Lechuga, que construye la magnífica cúpula nervada y organiza el espacio interior consiguiendo una gran majestuosidad; el salmantino Peña y Toro, que se encarga de las obras de contención pues habían cedido los muros, y finalmente, fray Tomás Alonso y fray Gabriel Casas, con distintas aportaciones en la fachada del monasterio, claustros, campanario y dependencias monacales. Sobre la puerta se despliega una vistosa fachada plateresca. Presiden en la parte central, entre la puerta y el óculo, la Virgen, San Bieito y San Bernardo, mientras que en el frontón que corona la portada está San Martiño repartiendo su capa con un pobre. Las torres se levantan sólo hasta la altura de la fachada, debido a la oposición del cabildo catedralicio, temeroso de que la basílica perdiese visibilidad. Para vencer el desnivel del terreno, el benedictino Plácido Camiña construyó la hermosa escalera de acceso a la puerta, sin duda inspirada en la que da acceso a la Catedral desde la fachada del Obradoiro. El templo posee planta de cruz latina con tres naves en el brazo principal y una en el transversal, recorridas por una tribuna. Se emplea la bóveda de cañón en la que se enmascaran los nervios a modo de falsos casetones. Varias capillas comunicadas entre sí, se abren a cada lado del brazo longitudinal. En el interior llama poderosamente la atención el fastuoso retablo mayor de estilo barroco diseñado por F. de Casas y Novoa y ejecutado por Romay.

listas.20minutos.es/lista/santiago-de-compostela-la-ciuda...

Esta foto participó en el juego En un lugar de Flickr

Se trataba de adivinar el lugar de la fotografía.

es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monasterio_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn_Pinario

The Death of Canadian Journalism by Renegade98

7 3

The Death of Canadian Journalism - Sean Condon on the homegrown media

giant that's holding the nation hostage.

adbusters.org/the_magazine/

Sean Condon's website: www.seancondon.com/index.html

The Death of Canadian Journalism

By SEAN CONDON

In a crowded bar in downtown Vancouver, a group of reporters from the city’s main daily newspaper, The Vancouver Sun, gather after work to do what most people revel in after a long week at the office: bitch about the boss. While images of the Iraq War, Wal-Mart and Kid Rock quickly flash and disappear on the television screens above them, editors are mocked, columnists are ridiculed and the paper their bylines appear in is panned up and down.

There’s nothing too radical about most of their complaints – it’s not secret to anyone in the city that the Sun is a dull suburban paper pretending to be a respectable urban broadsheet. With few exceptions, there’s little investigative journalism left within its pages, and most of what gets printed is so tepid and banal that it’s almost entirely useless to read.

It’s when the reporters start talking about what’s happening inside the newsroom that they reveal a deeper and more disturbing problem with the flagship newspaper in Canada’s third largest city: one that explains everything that is wrong with the increasing consolidation of the media around the world.

Overly anxious that they’re not caught exposing the paper’s dirty secret, reporters at the Sun say that morale has hit rock bottom and an alarming atmosphere of fear and paranoia has infected the newsroom. With a tone of anger and resentment, reporters tell stories about vindictive editors who spend more time attacking them over personal and petty grievances than they do worrying about the deteriorating quality of the paper. Anyone that dares question the authority of Editor-in-Chief Patricia Graham is bullied, isolated and forced out of the paper.

Reporters say the story inside the Sun is that inexperienced editors rise through the ranks because they toe the company line or are personal friends with senior editors and not because they produce good journalism or defend the public trust. There newly empowered editors are known for not letting reporters pitch their own ideas and for pushing press releases onto veteran journalists who grudgingly grind out copy before deadline, caring very little about what they write. Reporters who challenge this system are moved out of their department, questioned about their stories and eventually given an ultimatum by the editors: quit or we’ll make your life hell.

“The culture at The Vancouver Sun is incredibly poisonous and it extends right through the newsroom,” confides Charles Campbell, a former editorial board member at the paper, who says he was surprised at how much disdain senior management had towards the paper’s star reporters. “There are very few [reporters] who are particularly happy or proud of The Vancouver Sun as a newspaper.”

While the Sun has a long history of acrimonious newsrooms and lengthy labor disputes, it was also once a respected paper that boasted some of the top journalists in the country and consistently broke stories that changed the political landscape of the city and province. When the paper was part of the Southam chain, the newsroom had a bigger budget and more independence – reports were even allowed to criticize the paper in print. But once CanWest Global Communications got its hands on the Sun in 2000, it slashed funding, silenced writers and allowed an inexperienced, and strangely insecure, management to take control. The paper has never been as irrelevant or dysfunctional as it is today.

CanWest has such a stranglehold on the city that any reporter caught speaking out against them would have trouble finding work in Vancouver again. This toxic environment has created such a chill amongst reporters that getting them to talk about the turmoil is extremely difficult. One news staffer that initially agreed to be quoted as an anonymous source later backed out for fear of repercussion. A former reporter was so worried by the ruthless reach of the editors that they would only talk off-the-record. Most wouldn’t even take that risk.

“If [the Editor-in-Chief] found out I talked, I’d be finished,” said one reporter when declining an interview. “If there was another game in town it’d be different, but there’s nothing else in this city. There’s nowhere to go.”

CanWest’s dominance over Vancouver is extraordinary even in an era of unprecedented global media consolidation and convergence.

Led by CEO Leonard Asper and the powerful Asper family, the Winnipeg-based corporation now owns both of Vancouver’s daily newspapers (the Sun and the tabloid Province), the city’s top-rated television station (GlobalTV), 12 community newspapers, eight analog and digital television stations, and one of two national papers. For good measure, it also owns the only daily in the nearby provincial capital, Victoria’s Times Colonist. A throwback to the classic Company Town, CanWest has turned Vancouver into the single-most media concentrated city in the western world.

Cities thrive in diverse media markets. In Montreal, four different companies own the city’s four major dailies, each presenting four unique perspectives on issues that concern its citizens. The same is true in cities from Toronto and New York to London and Paris. But as a small number of corporations swallow up more media outlets every year, the conflicts within the Sun are being duplicated across the country. With the largest private newspaper publisher in Canada, Black Press, recently taking ownership of Osprey, one of the most diverse, just four corporations now control 70 percent of the country’s newspaper circulation.

Cities stagnate in consolidated media markets. CanWest has a total of 13 daily newspapers in Canada, where its only competitors are often vapid tabloid or commuter dailies. On the East Coast, the Irving family owns every English-language newspaper in the province of New Brunswick and a series of dailies and weeklies throughout the Maritimes. Without any real competition, these newspapers can manipulate their content to push a single point of view. In Canada, this had led to a one-sided debate on the country’s role in Afghanistan, where editorials back the country’s military intervention and pay little attention to the mounting civilian causalities and ongoing human rights violations. But nowhere is the freedom of the press in as much danger as Vancouver, where the CanWest monopoly controls an astonishing 70 percent of the entire media market and is the only voice of record for the city.

“The story of the Sun should be presented as a cautionary tale [to the rest of the world],” says Marc Edge, a former Vancouver journalist and author of Pacific Press: The Unauthorized Story of Vancouver’s Newspaper Monopoly. “If you want to see the future of media, just look at Vancouver where you have the tightest control of media in the free world. If you allow cross-media ownership like the [Federal Communications Commission in the United States] has been considering, this is how it could end up.”

Editorial Eclipse

The internal turmoil of the Sun is a stark contrast to the colorless content on its pages. While almost all corporate newspapers have an obvious pro-business slant, the Sun leaves little doubt about where its bias lies. Corporate press releases are disguised as news stories, puff pieces on right-wing politicians pose as investigative journalism and hatchet jobs on activists purport to be fair and balanced reporting. In 2002, the Sun spent $3 million to run a series of advertorial stories praising the virtues of British Columbian businesses called ‘Believe BC.’ The stories weren’t marked as advertising features as they should have been, but were either listed as a ‘Special Feature’ or left completely unmarked.

The timing of the Believe BC series was especially insulting since it came right after the newly elected right-wing provincial government had slashed social services for the poor by $2 billion while cutting taxes for the rich by $2 billion. But there has been little coverage in the paper since then of how the cuts caused Vancouver’s homeless population to double in just three years. Although Sun reporters aren’t given direct orders to write glowing reports about the provincial government, they say they are discouraged from writing claims made by government critics. There has also been a conscious decision from the paper’s management to ignore government protesters, even when their actions are top stories for national news agencies. More often than not, the Sun is not the voice of the community, but a mouthpiece for the provincial government – over the years CanWest has donated thousands of dollars to the current provincial government and the Sun employs the premier’s brother as a columnist.

However, most troubling of all is that the Sun refuses to be held to account to the many criticisms lobbied at them by media analysts and their own current and former employees. A request for an interview with the paper’s Editor-in-Chief, Patricia Graham, was denied because Adbusters is protecting the identity of the Sun reporters who have spoken out.

“The Vancouver Sun has a policy of avoiding the use of unnamed sources,” wrote Graham in an email. “We consider it a violation of journalistic ethics to permit people to criticize others while remaining anonymous. I do not care to participate in interviews with publications whose ethical standards I do not share.”

Aside from the fact that any Sun reporter named would immediately be fired, Graham overlooks the fact that most media outlets allow anonymous sources if the importance of their information outweighs the potential for public skepticism. But Adbusters couldn’t even get a copy of the Sun’s code of ethics to verify what the paper’s policy on using anonymous sources actually is. While other news agencies post their code of ethics online, a request to the Sun was denied on the grounds that it’s not available to the public. Like much of what is happening in the Sun, the paper seems to prefer keeping the public in the dark.

Black Hole

The Aspers bought the Sun and over 130 newspapers across the country from Conrad Black’s Hollinger Inc. at a time when major media corporations around the world were clamoring for convergence. But while CanWest had one of the largest television networks in the country, it had zero experience in newspapers. Like many newly formed media conglomerates at the time, it quickly lost millions of dollars trying to make its different media outlets work together. Just as newspaper circulation was plummeting across North America, the Aspers paid Black an inflated $3.5 billion for a product in an ailing industry that they had no idea how to run.

With their fledgling newspaper empire quickly crumbling and its newly adopted national daily The National Post hemorrhaging profits from the other dailies, the Aspers tried to stop the hemorrhaging with massive layoffs – leaving already thin newsrooms stretched beyond repair. Today, reports at CanWest papers have to write more stories in less time, which adds another level of pressure in already tense environments. Instead of investigative journalism, there has been an increase in one-source stories. Many reporters have been moved off of beats and turned into general assignment reporters, giving them less knowledge on the issues they cover and less access to sources that help them cultivate and uncover breaking news.

CanWest further exasperated the problem by carelessly spending $5 million launching its now-defunct, youth-oriented commuter daily, Dose, while saving $4.6 million this past June by abandoning its partnership with the national newswire, Canadian Press (CP). Reporters across the chain have been extremely distressed by this latest move, saying it will force shorthanded newsrooms to produce extra copy for which the CP co-operative could once be relied upon. Since newspapers are still the best, and often the only, mechanism that gives the public in-depth analysis on issues, all of these cuts have damaged the public’s ability to have the kind of qualified and informed debate required in a democracy.

“This whole corporatization of journalism is not healthy,” says Mike Gasher, director of journalism at Concordia University and a former Vancouver Province reporter. “I know journalism is a business, but I think it’s just a question of how you strike the balance between the quality of the product and the bottom line. My concern is that when you have these conglomerate ownerships, that not only own several newspapers, but radio, television, internet, then I think by definition the commitment to any one of those properties is decreased.”

CanWest did not return multiple requests for an interview. Adbusters Media Foundation is currently suing CanWest along with another national broadcaster for refusing to air its public awareness campaigns about mass consumerism on their stations, which was also one of the reasons that Graham gave for turning down an interview.

Burnout

The acrimony inside the Sun is excessive when compared to other newspapers, but there are high levels of dissatisfaction and depression in all of CanWest‘s dailies. Not long after CanWest bought Black’s chain, it sparked international uproar when it broke the journalistic autonomy and implemented a national editorial policy. In 2001, the Aspers dictated a series of editorials from Winnipeg and demanded its papers not run any editorial that held views opposed their “core positions” – which primarily focused on lowering taxes and supporting Israel in the Middle East. After journalists at Montreal’s The Gazette angrily withheld their bylines, the controversy forced CanWest to drop the policy. However, it sent an early message to its newsrooms that their independence had vanished.

“I can say to our critics and to the bleeding hearts of the journalist community that it’s the end of the world as they know it, and I feel fine,” callously said David Asper, the family’s publication chairman, about the Gazette’s protest.

But the national editorial policy was almost benign compared to the firing of Ottawa Citizen publisher Russell Mills for running a feature about then Prime Minister Jean Chretien’s suspicious financial dealings and an editorial calling for his resignation. Asper patriarch Izzy Asper (now deceased) had close ties to Chretien and the country’s ruling Liberal party, and the firing sent a chill throughout the entire CanWest chain that still exists today. Although CanWest has since toned down its editorial interference (its most recent act was to replace all mention of Palestinian “militants” with “terrorists” in newswire copy), reporters at its papers say the damage has already been done.

“People do their jobs, they roll their eyeballs, and a lot of them at quitting time stop thinking about it,” says one staffer at The Gazette.

The primary complaint heard from CanWest reporters today is that the corporation’s drastic financial cuts have done the most to sink morale. In almost revolutionary development, editors and publishers at CanWest papers have also begun to openly criticize the Aspers to their reporters because of the budget cuts. The Aspers make a sharp contrast to the CanWest papers’ original owners, the Southam family, which turned its newspapers into some of the most competitive and respected in North America. Ironically, CanWest reporters even refer to the Conrad Black era as the “golden age.” Although Black cut back on reporters and was reviled as a tyrant with an overt political agenda, he also invested more in his newsrooms. Today, the computers in the Edmonton Journal newsroom are so old that staff can’t even access their own paper’s website.

“It’s depressing,” says Journal reporter, “and it makes you wonder about the future. There are all sorts of new pressures going on in today’s media, and most of us don’t have confidence that the Aspers have the business acumen to deal with these pressures in an effective way.”

Shine A Light

While CanWest’s control over Canada’s media sheds a disturbing light on the future of media consolidation, the concentration of ownership has in actuality been a major problem brewing in Canada for the past half-century. When The Vancouver Sun and The Province first merged their competing newspapers under a single management company called Pacific Press in 1957 because of economic problems, the federal government investigated the deal and found it would likely be “to the detriment of the public.” However, it backed away from taking any action.

When corporate chains came to control an alarming 77 percent of the country’s circulation, the 1970 Davey Committee stated that “all transactions that increase concentration of ownership in the mass media are undesirable and contrary to the public interest – unless otherwise shown,” and recommended the country form a press review board to rule on mergers. However, none of its recommendations were implemented.

When two major newspaper chains, Southam and Thompson, colluded to each shut down a competing newspaper in Ottawa and Winnipeg in 1980 and both of Vancouver’s daily newspapers were officially handed over to the Southams, the Royal Commission on Newspapers stated that “freedom of the press is not a property right of owners,” and recommended strict ownership limits. Again, no action was taken.

And when a Senate committee on media concentration released a report in 2006 stating, “the concentration of ownership has reached levels that few other countries would consider acceptable” and recommended that large mergers be publicly reviewed, it was outright dismissed by Heritage Minister Bev Oda who argued that “convergence has become an essential business strategy in order to stay competitive.”

Despite an endless amount of evidence provided by federal commissions and investigations showing how dangerous it is to a democracy when fewer companies control the media market – foreign bureaus are reduced, staff is cut back and quality diminished – no Canadian government has ever tried to put the brakes on consolidation. By ignoring the problem for the past 50 years, it has been allowed to grow into a full-blown crisis.

Today, reporters at CanWest simply go through the motions and many veteran journalists say their main goal is to try and get an early buyout from the corporation. Others say they personally tell journalism students to stay out of the business. Seeing the writing on the wall, many journalism students at colleges and universities from Vancouver to Ottawa say they have little interest entering an industry that they had such high hopes for only a few years earlier. Once considered a respected and noble profession that challenged authority and represented its community, CanWest’s consolidation has killed any sense of pride Canadian journalist once had in their job.

The most obvious example of consolidation run amok is Vancouver, where one corporation has such a tight control over the city that it gets away with bullying its reporters and slanting its news coverage without ever being challenged. The problems inside the Sun and CanWest papers will be repeated across the country if consolidation is allowed to continue unabated.

Because the priority of the paper’s corporate controller is on the bottom line instead of the public trust, a once-proud newspaper chain has turned into a skeleton of its former self. Reporters at CanWest papers who don’t conform the corporate perspective have few options or alternatives since CanWest owns the majority of media in most of their cities. Despite the restrictions, some reporters have managed to produce good journalism, but those that try to speak out have been harassed, silenced and sent packing. When journalists are denied resources and can’t truthfully disseminate information, the entire public is held hostage. It’s time to set them free.

adbusters.org/home/

Who's looking out for you?

www.flickr.com/photos/joshuatree/1234912698/

Russian Federation, Winter in Moscow, Cupolas & Crosses of Znamensky Cathedral of the Znamensky Monastery - Cathedral of the Mother of God of the Sign, Zaryadye, Varvarka street, Kitai-Gorod, Tverskoy district. Православнаѧ Црковь. by Alexander SACALEVIC

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traveladventureeverywhere.blogspot.com/2018/04/moscow-in-...

..

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ALBANIA

Albanian Trilogy: A Series of Devious Stratagems

Armando Lulaj

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marco Scotini. Deputy Curator: Andris Brinkmanis. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

ANDORRA

Inner Landscapes

Roqué, Joan Xandri

Commissioner: Henry Périer. Deputy Commissioner: Joana Baygual, Sebastià Petit, Francesc Rodríguez

Curator: Paolo de Grandis, Josep M. Ubach. Venue: Spiazzi, Castello 3865

ANGOLA

On Ways of Travelling

António Ole, Binelde Hyrcan, Délio Jasse, Francisco Vidal, Nelo Teixeira

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Rita Guedes Tavares. Curator: António Ole. Deputy Curator: Antonia Gaeta. Venue: Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello - Palazzo Pisani, San Marco 2810

ARGENTINA

The Uprising of Form

Juan Carlos Diste´fano

Commissioner: Magdalena Faillace. Curator: Mari´a Teresa Constantin. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

ARMENIA, Republic of

Armenity / Haiyutioun

Haig Aivazian, Lebanon; Nigol Bezjian, Syria/USA; Anna Boghiguian Egypt/Canada; Hera Büyüktasçiyan, Turkey; Silvina Der-Meguerditchian, Argentina/Germany; Rene Gabri & Ayreen Anastas, Iran/Palestine/USA; Mekhitar Garabedian, Belgium; Aikaterini Gegisian, Greece; Yervant Gianikian & Angela Ricci Lucchi, Italy; Aram Jibilian, USA; Nina Katchadourian, USA/Finland; Melik Ohanian, France; Mikayel Ohanjanyan, Armenia/Italy; Rosana Palazyan, Brazil; Sarkis, Turkey/France; Hrair Sarkissian, Syria/UK

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Armenia. Deputy Commissioner: Art for the World, Mekhitarist Congregation of San Lazzaro Island, Embassy of the Republic of Armenia in Italy, Vartan Karapetian. Curator: Adelina Cüberyan von Fürstenberg. Venue: Monastery and Island of San Lazzaro degli Armeni

AUSTRALIA

Fiona Hall: Wrong Way Time

Fiona Hall

Commissioner: Simon Mordant AM. Deputy Commissioner: Charles Green. Curator: Linda Michael. Scientific Committee: Simon Mordant AM, Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev, Max Delany, Rachel Kent, Danie Mellor, Suhanya Raffel, Leigh Robb. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

AUSTRIA

Heimo Zobernig

Commissioner: Yilmaz Dziewior. Curator: Yilmaz Dziewior. Scientific Committee: Friends of the Venice Biennale. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

AZERBAIJAN, Republic of

Beyond the Line

Ashraf Murad, Javad Mirjavadov, Tofik Javadov, Rasim Babayev, Fazil Najafov, Huseyn Hagverdi, Shamil Najafzada

Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: de Pury de Pury, Emin Mammadov. Venue: Palazzo Lezze, Campo S.Stefano, San Marco 2949

Vita Vitale

Edward Burtynsky, Mircea Cantor, Loris Cecchini, Gordon Cheung, Khalil Chishtee, Tony Cragg, Laura Ford, Noemie Goudal, Siobhán Hapaska, Paul Huxley, IDEA laboratory and Leyla Aliyeva, Chris Jordan with Rebecca Clark and Helena S.Eitel, Tania Kovats, Aida Mahmudova, Sayyora Muin, Jacco Olivier, Julian Opie, Julian Perry, Mike Perry, Bas Princen, Stephanie Quayle, Ugo Rondinone, Graham Stevens, Diana Thater, Andy Warhol, Bill Woodrow, Erwin Wurm, Rose Wylie

Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: Artwise: Susie Allen, Laura Culpan, Dea Vanagan. Venue: Ca’ Garzoni, San Marco 3416

BELARUS, Republic of

War Witness Archive

Konstantin Selikhanov

Commissioner: Natallia Sharanhovich. Deputy Commissioners: Alena Vasileuskaya, Kamilia Yanushkevich. Curators: Aleksei Shinkarenko, Olga Rybchinskaya. Scientific Committee: Dmitry Korol, Daria Amelkovich, Julia Kondratyuk, Sergei Jeihala, Sheena Macfarlane, Yuliya Heisik, Hanna Samarskaya, Taras Kaliahin, Aliaksandr Stasevich. Venue: Riva San Biagio, Castello 2145

BELGIUM

Personnes et les autres

Vincent Meessen and Guests, Mathieu K. Abonnenc, Sammy Baloji, James Beckett, Elisabetta Benassi, Patrick Bernier & Olive Martin, Tamar Guimara~es & Kasper Akhøj, Maryam Jafri, Adam Pendleton

Commissioner: Wallonia-Brussels Federation and Wallonia-Brussels International. Curator: Katerina Gregos. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

COSTA RICA

"Costa Rica, Paese di pace, invita a un linguaggio universale d'intesa tra i popoli".

Andrea Prandi, Beatrice Gallori, Beth Parin, Biagio Schembari, Carla Castaldo, Celestina Avanzini, Cesare Berlingeri, Erminio Tansini, Fabio Capitanio, Fausto Beretti, Giovan Battista Pedrazzini, Giovanni Lamberti, Giovanni Tenga, Iana Zanoskar, Jim Prescott, Leonardo Beccegato, Liliana Scocco, Lucia Bolzano, Marcela Vicuna, Marco Bellagamba, Marco Lodola, Maria Gioia dell’Aglio, Mario Bernardinello, Massimo Meucci, Nacha Piattini, Omar Ronda, Renzo Eusebi, Tita Patti, Romina Power, Rubens Fogacci, Silvio di Pietro, Stefano Sichel, Tino Stefanoni, Ufemia Ritz, Ugo Borlenghi, Umberto Mariani, Venere Chillemi, Jacqueline Gallicot Madar, Massimo Onnis, Fedora Spinelli

Commissioner: Ileana Ordonez Chacon. Curator: Gregorio Rossi. Venue: Palazzo Bollani

CROATIA

Studies on Shivering: The Third Degree

Damir Ocko

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marc Bembekoff. Venue: Palazzo Pisani, S. Marina

CUBA

El artista entre la individualidad y el contexto

Lida Abdul, Celia-Yunior, Grethell Rasúa, Giuseppe Stampone, LinYilin, Luis Edgardo Gómez Armenteros, Olga Chernysheva, Susana Pilar Delahante Matienzo

Commissioner: Miria Vicini. Curators: Jorge Fernández Torres, Giacomo Zaza. Venue: San Servolo Island

CYPRUS, Republic of

Two Days After Forever

Christodoulos Panayiotou

Commissioner: Louli Michaelidou. Deputy Commissioner: Angela Skordi. Curator: Omar Kholeif. Deputy Curator: Daniella Rose King. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, Sestiere San Marco 3079

CZECH Republic and SLOVAK Republic

Apotheosis

Jirí David

Commissioner: Adam Budak. Deputy Commissioner: Barbara Holomkova. Curator: Katarina Rusnakova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ECUADOR

Gold Water: Apocalyptic Black Mirrors

Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla in collaboration with Lucia Vallarino Peet

Commissioner: Andrea Gonzàlez Sanchez. Deputy Commissioner: PDG Arte Communications. Curator: Ileana Cornea. Deputy Curator: Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla. Venue: Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello 3701

ESTONIA

NSFW. From the Abyss of History

Jaanus Samma

Commissioner: Maria Arusoo. Curator: Eugenio Viola. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, campo San Samuele, San Marco 3199

EGYPT

CAN YOU SEE

Ahmed Abdel Fatah, Gamal Elkheshen, Maher Dawoud

Commissioner: Hany Al Ashkar. Curator: Ministry of Culture. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

FINLAND (Pavilion Alvar Aalto)

Hours, Years, Aeons

IC-98

Commissioner: Frame Visual Art Finland, Raija Koli. Curator: Taru Elfving. Deputy Curator: Anna Virtanen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

FRANCE

revolutions

Céleste Boursier-Mougenot

Commissioner: Institut français, with Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication. Curator: Emma Lavigne. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GEORGIA

Crawling Border

Rusudan Gobejishvili Khizanishvili, Irakli Bluishvili, Dimitri Chikvaidze, Joseph Sabia

Commissioner: Ana Riaboshenko. Curator: Nia Mgaloblishvili. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

GERMANY

Fabrik

Jasmina Metwaly / Philip Rizk, Olaf Nicolai, Hito Steyerl, Tobias Zielony

Commissioner: ifa (Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen) on behalf of the Federal Foreign Office. Deputy Commissioner: Elke aus dem Moore, Nina Hülsmeier. Curator: Florian Ebner. Deputy Curator: Tanja Milewsky, Ilina Koralova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GREAT BRITAIN

Sarah Lucas

Commissioner: Emma Dexter. Curator: Richard Riley. Deputy Curator: Katrina Schwarz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GRENADA *

Present Nearness

Oliver Benoit, Maria McClafferty, Asher Mains, Francesco Bosso and Carmine Ciccarini, Guiseppe Linardi

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: Susan Mains. Curator: Susan Mains. Deputy Curator: Francesco Elisei. Venue: Opera don Orione Artigianelli, Sala Tiziano, Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Gesuati, Dorsoduro 919

GREECE

Why Look at Animals? AGRIMIKÁ.

Maria Papadimitriou

Commissioner: Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Education and Religious Affairs. Curator: Gabi Scardi. Deputy Curator: Alexios Papazacharias. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

BRAZIL

So much that it doesn't fit here

Antonio Manuel, André Komatsu, Berna Reale

Commissioner: Luis Terepins. Curator: Luiz Camillo Osorio. Deputy Curator: Cauê Alves. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

CANADA

Canadassimo

BGL

Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Marc Mayer. Deputy Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Yves Théoret. Curator: Marie Fraser. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

CHILE

Poéticas de la disidencia | Poetics of dissent: Paz Errázuriz - Lotty Rosenfeld

Paz Errázuriz, Lotty Rosenfeld

Commissioner: Antonio Arèvalo. Deputy Commissioner: Juan Pablo Vergara Undurraga. Curator: Nelly Richard. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

CHINA, People’s Republic of

Other Future

LIU Jiakun, LU Yang, TAN Dun, WEN Hui/Living Dance Studio, WU Wenguang/Caochangdi Work Station

Commissioner: China Arts and Entertainment Group, CAEG. Deputy Commissioners: Zhang Yu, Yan Dong. Curator: Beijing Contemporary Art Foundation. Scientific Committee: Fan Di’an, Zhang Zikang, Zhu Di, Gao Shiming, Zhu Qingsheng, Pu Tong, Shang Hui. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Giardino delle Vergini

GUATEMALA

Sweet Death

Emma Anticoli Borza, Sabrina Bertolelli, Mariadolores Castellanos, Max Leiva, Pier Domenico Magri, Adriana Montalto, Elmar Rojas (Elmar René Rojas Azurdia), Paolo Schmidlin, Mónica Serra, Elsie Wunderlich, Collettivo La Grande Bouffe

Commissioner: Daniele Radini Tedeschi. Curators: Stefania Pieralice, Carlo Marraffa, Elsie Wunderlich. Deputy Curators: Luciano Carini, Simone Pieralice. Venue: Officina delle Zattere, Dorsoduro 947, Fondamenta Nani

HOLY SEE

Commissioner: Em.mo Card. Gianfranco Ravasi, Presidente del Pontificio Consiglio della Cultura. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

HUNGARY

Sustainable Identities

Szilárd Cseke

Commissioner: Monika Balatoni. Deputy Commissioner: István Puskás, Sándor Fodor, Anna Karády. Curator: Kinga German. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ICELAND

Christoph Büchel

Commissioner: Björg Stefánsdóttir. Curator: Nína Magnúsdóttir. Venue: to be confirmed

INDONESIA, Republic of

Komodo Voyage

Heri Dono

Commissioner: Sapta Nirwandar. Deputy Commissioner: Soedarmadji JH Damais. Curator: Carla Bianpoen, Restu Imansari Kusumaningrum. Scientific Committee: Franco Laera, Asmudjo Jono Irianto, Watie Moerany, Elisabetta di Mambro. Venue: Venue: Arsenale

IRAN

Iranian Highlights

Samira Alikhanzaradeh, Mahmoud Bakhshi Moakhar, Jamshid Bayrami, Mohammed Ehsai

The Great Game

Lida Abdul, Bani Abidi, Adel Abidin, Amin Agheai, Ghodratollah Agheli, Shahriar Ahmadi, Parastou Ahovan, Farhad Ahrarnia, Rashad Alakbarov, Nazgol Ansarinia, Reza Aramesh, Alireza Astaneh, Sonia Balassanian, Mahmoud Bakhshi, Moakhar Wafaa Bilal, Mehdi Farhadian, Monir Farmanfarmaian, Shadi Ghadirian, Babak Golkar, Shilpa Gupta, Ghasem Hajizadeh, Shamsia Hassani, Sahand Hesamiyan, Sitara Ibrahimova, Pouran Jinchi, Amar Kanwar, Babak Kazemi, Ryas Komu, Ahmad Morshedloo, Farhad Moshiri, Mehrdad Mohebali, Huma Mulji, Azad Nanakeli, Jamal Penjweny, Imran Qureshi, Sara Rahbar, Rashid Rana, T.V. Santhosh, Walid Siti, Mohsen Taasha Wahidi, Mitra Tabrizian, Parviz Tanavoli, Newsha Tavakolian, Sadegh Tirafkan, Hema Upadhyay, Saira Wasim

Commissioner: Majid Mollanooruzi. Deputy Commissioners: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Curators: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Venue: Calle San Giovanni 1074/B, Cannaregio

IRAQ

Commissioner: Ruya Foundation for Contemporary Culture in Iraq (RUYA). Deputy Commissioner: Nuova Icona - Associazione Culturale per le Arti. Curator: Philippe Van Cauteren. Venue: Ca' Dandolo, San Polo 2879

IRELAND

Adventure: Capital

Sean Lynch

Commissioner: Mike Fitzpatrick. Curator: Woodrow Kernohan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

ISRAEL

Tsibi Geva | Archeology of the Present

Tsibi Geva

Commissioner: Arad Turgem, Michael Gov. Curator: Hadas Maor. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ITALY

Ministero dei Beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo - Direzione Generale Arte e Architettura Contemporanee e Periferie Urbane. Commissioner: Federica Galloni. Curator: Vincenzo Trione. Venue: Padiglione Italia, Tese delle Vergini at Arsenale

JAPAN

The Key in the Hand

Chiharu Shiota

Commissioner: The Japan Foundation. Deputy Commissioner: Yukihiro Ohira, Manako Kawata and Haruka Nakajima. Curator: Hitoshi Nakano. Venue : Pavilion at Giardini

KENYA

Creating Identities

Yvonne Apiyo Braendle-Amolo, Qin Feng, Shi Jinsong, Armando Tanzini, Li Zhanyang, Lan Zheng Hui, Li Gang, Double Fly Art Center

Commissioner: Paola Poponi. Curator: Sandro Orlandi Stagl. Deputy Curator: Ding Xuefeng. Venue: San Servolo Island

KOREA, Republic of

The Ways of Folding Space & Flying

MOON Kyungwon & JEON Joonho

Commissioner: Sook-Kyung Lee. Curator: Sook-Kyung Lee. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

KOSOVO, Republic of

Speculating on the blue

Flaka Haliti

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports. Curator: Nicolaus Schafhausen. Deputy Curator: Katharina Schendl. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

LATVIA

Armpit

Katrina Neiburga, Andris Eglitis

Commissioner: Solvita Krese (Latvian Centre for Contemporary Art). Deputy Commissioner: Kitija Vasiljeva. Curator: Kaspars Vanags. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

LITHUANIA

Museum

Dainius Liškevicius

Commissioner: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Deputy Commissioner: Rasa Antanaviciute. Curator: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Venue: Palazzo Zenobio, Fondamenta del Soccorso 2569, Dorsoduro

LUXEMBOURG, Grand Duchy of

Paradiso Lussemburgo

Filip Markiewicz

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: MUDAM Luxembourg. Curator: Paul Ardenne. Venue: Cà Del Duca, Corte del Duca Sforza, San Marco 3052

MACEDONIA, Former Yugoslavian Republic of

We are all in this alone

Hristina Ivanoska and Yane Calovski

Commissioner: Maja Nedelkoska Brzanova, National Gallery of Macedonia. Deputy Commissioner: Olivija Stoilkova. Curator: Basak Senova. Deputy Curator: Maja Cankulovska Mihajlovska. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Sale d’Armi

MAURITIUS *

From One Citizen You Gather an Idea

Sultana Haukim, Nirmal Hurry, Alix Le Juge, Olga Jürgenson, Helge Leiberg, Krishna Luchoomun, Neermala Luckeenarain, Kavinash Thomoo, Bik Van Der Pol, Laure Prouvost, Vitaly Pushnitsky, Römer + Römer

Commissioner: pARTage. Curators: Alfredo Cramerotti, Olga Jürgenson. Venue: Palazzo Flangini - Canareggio 252

MEXICO

Possesing Nature

Tania Candiani, Luis Felipe Ortega

Commissioner: Tomaso Radaelli. Deputy Commissioner: Magdalena Zavala Bonachea. Curator: Karla Jasso. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

MONGOLIA *

Other Home

Enkhbold Togmidshiirev, Unen Enkh

Commissioner: Gantuya Badamgarav, MCASA. Curator: Uranchimeg Tsultemin. Scientific Committee: David A Ross, Boldbaatar Chultemin. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

MONTENEGRO

,,Ti ricordi Sjecaš li se You Remember "

Aleksandar Duravcevic

Commissioner/Curator: Anastazija Miranovic. Deputy Commissioner: Danica Bogojevic. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero (piano terra), San Marco 3078-3079/A, Ramo Malipiero

MOZAMBIQUE, Republic of *

Theme: Coexistence of Tradition and Modernity in Contemporary Mozambique

Mozambique Artists

Commissioner: Joel Matias Libombo. Deputy Commissioner: Gilberto Paulino Cossa. Curator: Comissariado-Geral para a Expo Milano 2015. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

NETHERLANDS, The

herman de vries - to be all ways to be

herman de vries

Commissioner: Mondriaan Fund. Curators: Colin Huizing, Cees de Boer. Venue: Pavilion ar Giardini

NEW ZEALAND

Secret Power

Simon Denny

Commissioner: Heather Galbraith. Curator: Robert Leonard. Venue: Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Marco Polo Airport

NORDIC PAVILION (NORWAY)

Camille Norment

Commissioner: OCA, Office for Contemporary Art Norway. Curator: Katya García-Antón. Deputy Curator: Antonio Cataldo. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

PERU

Misplaced Ruins

Gilda Mantilla and Raimond Chaves

Commissioner: Armando Andrade de Lucio. Curator: Max Hernández-Calvo. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

PHILIPPINES

Tie a String Around the World

Manuel Conde, Carlos Francisco, Manny Montelibano, Jose Tence Ruiz

Commissioner: National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), Felipe M. de Leon Jr. Curator: Patrick D. Flores. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

POLAND

Halka/Haiti. 18°48’05”N 72°23’01”W

C.T. Jasper, Joanna Malinowska

Commissioner: Hanna Wróblewska. Deputy Commissioner: Joanna Wasko. Curator: Magdalena Moskalewicz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

PORTUGAL

I Will Be Your Mirror / poems and problems

João Louro

Commissioner/Curator: María de Corral. Venue: Palazzo Loredan, campo S. Stefano

ROMANIA

Adrian Ghenie: Darwin’s Room

Adrian Ghenie

Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Mihai Pop. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

Inventing the Truth. On Fiction and Reality

Michele Bressan, Carmen Dobre-Hametner, Alex Mirutziu, Lea Rasovszky, Stefan Sava, Larisa Sitar

Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Diana Marincu. Deputy Curators: Ephemair Association (Suzana Dan and Silvia Rogozea). Venue: New Gallery of the Romanian Institute for Culture and Humanistic Research in Venice

RUSSIA

The Green Pavilion

Irina Nakhova

Commissioner: Stella Kesaeva. Curator: Margarita Tupitsyn. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SERBIA

United Dead Nations

Ivan Grubanov

Commissioner: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Commissioner: Ana Bogdanovic. Curator: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Curator: Ana Bogdanovic. Scientific Committee: Jovan Despotovic. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SAN MARINO

Repubblica di San Marino “ Friendship Project “ China

Xu De Qi, Liu Dawei, Liu Ruo Wang, Ma Yuan, Li Lei, Zhang Hong Mei, Eleonora Mazza, Giuliano Giulianelli, Giancarlo Frisoni, Tony Margiotta, Elisa Monaldi, Valentina Pazzini

Commissioner: Istituti Culturali della Repubblica di San Marino. Curator: Vincenzo Sanfo. Venue: TBC

SEYCHELLES, Republic of *

A Clockwork Sunset

George Camille, Léon Wilma Loïs Radegonde

Commissioner: Seychelles Art Projects Foundation. Curators: Sarah J. McDonald, Victor Schaub Wong. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

SINGAPORE

Sea State

Charles Lim Yi Yong

Commissioner: Paul Tan, National Arts Council, Singapore. Curator: Shabbir Hussain Mustafa. Scientific Committee: Eugene Tan, Kathy Lai, Ahmad Bin Mashadi, June Yap, Emi Eu, Susie Lingham, Charles Merewether, Randy Chan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

SLOVENIA, Republic of

UTTER / The violent necessity for the embodied presence of hope

JAŠA

Commissioner: Simona Vidmar. Deputy Commissioner: Jure Kirbiš. Curators: Michele Drascek and Aurora Fonda. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

SPAIN

Los Sujetos (The Subjects)

Pepo Salazar, Cabello/Carceller, Francesc Ruiz, + Salvador Dalí

Commissioner: Ministerio Asuntos Exteriores. Gobierno de España. Curator: Marti Manen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

Origini della civiltà

Narine Ali, Ehsan Alar, Felipe Cardeña, Fouad Dahdouh, Aldo Damioli, Svitlana Grebenyuk, Mauro Reggio, Liu Shuishi, Nass ouh Zaghlouleh, Andrea Zucchi, Helidon Xhixha

Commissioner: Christian Maretti. Curator: Duccio Trombadori. Venue: Redentore – Giudecca, San Servolo Island

SWEDEN

Excavation of the Image: Imprint, Shadow, Spectre, Thought

Lina Selander

Commissioner: Ann-Sofi Noring. Curator: Lena Essling. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

SWITZERLAND

Our Product

Pamela Rosenkranz

Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Sandi Paucic and Marianne Burki. Deputy-Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Rachele Giudici Legittimo. Curator: Susanne Pfeffer. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

THAILAND

Earth, Air, Fire & Water

Kamol Tassananchalee

Commissioner: Chai Nakhonchai, Office of Contemporary Art and Culture (OCAC), Ministry of Culture. Curator: Richard David Garst. Deputy Curator: Pongdej Chaiyakut. Venue: Paradiso Gallerie, Giardini della Biennale, Castello 1260

TURKEY

Respiro

Sarkis

Commissioner: Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts. Curator: Defne Ayas. Deputy Curator: Ozge Ersoy. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

TUVALU

Crossing the Tide

Vincent J.F. Huang

Commissioner: Taukelina Finikaso. Deputy Commissioner: Temate Melitiana. Curator: Thomas J. Berghuis. Scientific Committee: Andrea Bonifacio. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

UKRAINE

Hope!

Yevgenia Belorusets, Nikita Kadan, Zhanna Kadyrova, Mykola Ridnyi & SerhiyZhadan, Anna Zvyagintseva, Open Group, Artem Volokitin

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Björn Geldhof. Venue: Riva dei Sette Martiri

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

1980 – Today: Exhibitions in the United Arab Emirates

Abdullah Al Saadi, Abdul Qader Al Rais, Abdulraheem Salim, Abdulrahman Zainal, Ahmed Al Ansari, Ahmed Sharif, Hassan Sharif, Mohamed Yousif, Mohammed Abdullah Bulhiah, Mohammed Al Qassab, Mohammed Kazem, Moosa Al Halyan, Najat Meky, Obaid Suroor, Salem Jawhar

Commissioner: Salama bint Hamdan Al Nahyan Foundation. Curator: Hoor Al Qasimi. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d'Armi

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Joan Jonas: They Come to Us Without a Word

Joan Jonas

Commissioner: Paul C. Ha. Deputy Commissioner: MIT List Visual Arts Center. Curators: Ute Meta Bauer, Paul C. Ha. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

URUGUAY

Global Myopia II (Pencil & Paper)

Marco Maggi

Commissioner: Ricardo Pascale. Curator: Patricia Bentancour. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

VENEZUELA, Bolivarian Republic of

Te doy mi palabra (I give you my word)

Argelia Bravo, Félix Molina (Flix)

Commissioner: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Commissioner: Reinaldo Landaeta Díaz. Curator: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Curator: Morella Jurado. Scientific Committee: Carlos Pou Ruan. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ZIMBABWE, Republic of

Pixels of Ubuntu/Unhu: - Exploring the social and cultural identities of the 21st century.

Chikonzero Chazunguza, Masimba Hwati, Gareth Nyandoro

Commissioner: Doreen Sibanda. Curator: Raphael Chikukwa. Deputy Curator: Tafadzwa Gwetai. Scientific Committee: Saki Mafundikwa, Biggie Samwanda, Fabian Kangai, Reverend Paul Damasane, Nontsikelelo Mutiti, Stephen Garan'anga, Dominic Benhura. Venue: Santa Maria della Pieta

ITALO-LATIN AMERICAN INSTITUTE

Voces Indígenas

Commissioner: Sylvia Irrazábal. Curator: Alfons Hug. Deputy Curator: Alberto Saraiva. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

ARGENTINA

Sofia Medici and Laura Kalauz

PLURINATIONAL STATE OF BOLIVIA

Sonia Falcone and José Laura Yapita

BRAZIL

Adriana Barreto

Paulo Nazareth

CHILE

Rainer Krause

COLOMBIA

León David Cobo,

María Cristina Rincón and Claudia Rodríguez

COSTA RICA

Priscilla Monge

ECUADOR

Fabiano Kueva

EL SALVADOR

Mauricio Kabistan

GUATEMALA

Sandra Monterroso

HAITI

Barbara Prézeau Stephenson

HONDURAS

Leonardo González

PANAMA

Humberto Vélez

NICARAGUA

Raúl Quintanilla

PARAGUAY

Erika Meza

Javier López

PERU

José Huamán Turpo

URUGUAY

Gustavo Tabares

Ellen Slegers

001 Inverso Mundus. AES+F

Magazzino del Sale n. 5, Dorsoduro, 265 (Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Saloni); Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 31st

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

Catalonia in Venice: Singularity

Cantieri Navali, Castello, 40 (Calle Quintavalle)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Institut Ramon Llull

venezia2015.llull.cat

Conversion. Recycle Group

Chiesa di Sant’Antonin, Castello (Campo Sant’Antonin)

May 6th - October 31st

Organization: Moscow Museum of Modern Art

Dansaekhwa

Palazzo Contarini-Polignac, Dorsoduro, 874 (Accademia)

May 7th – August 15th

Organization: The Boghossian Foundation

Dispossession

Palazzo Donà Brusa, Campo San Polo, 2177

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: European Capital of Culture Wroclaw 2016

wroclaw2016.pl/biennale/

EM15 presents Doug Fishbone’s Leisure Land Golf

Arsenale Docks, Castello, 40A, 40B, 41C

May 6th - July 26th

Organization: EM15

Eredità e Sperimentazione

Grand Hotel Hungaria & Ausonia, Viale Santa Maria Elisabetta, 28, Lido di Venezia

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Istituto Nazionale di BioArchitettura - Sezione di Padova

Frontiers Reimagined

Palazzo Grimani, Castello, 4858 (Ramo Grimani)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Tagore Foundation International; Polo museale del Veneto

Glasstress 2015 Gotika

Istituto Veneto di Scienze Lettere ed Arti, Palazzo Cavalli Franchetti, San Marco, 2847 (Campo Santo Stefano); Chiesa di Santa Maria della Visitazione, Centro Culturale Don Orione Artigianelli, Dorsoduro, 919 (Zattere); Fondazione Berengo, Campiello della Pescheria, 15, Murano;

May 9th — November 22nd

Organization: The State Hermitage Museum

Graham Fagen: Scotland + Venice 2015

Palazzo Fontana, Cannaregio, 3829 (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Scotland + Venice

Grisha Bruskin. An Archaeologist’s Collection

Former Chiesa di Santa Caterina, Cannaregio, 4941-4942

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Centro Studi sulle Arti della Russia (CSAR), Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia

Helen Sear, ... The Rest Is Smoke

Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Castello, 450 (Fondamenta San Gioacchin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Cymru yn Fenis/Wales in Venice

Highway to Hell

Palazzo Michiel, Cannaregio, 4391/A (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Hubei Museum of Art

Humanistic Nature and Society (Shan-Shui) – An Insight into the Future

Palazzo Faccanon, San Marco, 5016 (Mercerie)

May 7th – August 4th

Organization: Shanghai Himalayas Museum

In the Eye of the Thunderstorm: Effervescent Practices from the Arab World & South Asia

Dorsoduro, 417 (Zattere)

May 6th - November 15th

Organization: ArsCulture

Italia Docet | Laboratorium- Artists, Participants, Testimonials and Activated Spectators

Palazzo Barbarigo Minotto, San Marco, 2504 (Fondamenta Duodo o Barbarigo)

May 9th – June 30th; September 11st – October 31st

Organization: Italian Art Motherboard Foundation (i-AM Foundation)

Jaume Plensa: Together

Basilica di San Giorgio Maggiore, Isola di San Giorgio Maggiore

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Abbazia di San Giorgio Maggiore Benedicti Claustra Onlus

Jenny Holzer "War Paintings"

Museo Correr, San Marco, 52 (Piazza San Marco)

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: The Written Art Foundation; Museo Correr, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia

correr.visitmuve.it

Jump into the Unknown

Palazzo Loredan dell’Ambasciatore, Dorsoduro, 1261-1262

May 9th – June 18th

Organization: Nine Dragon Heads

9dh-venice.com

Learn from Masters

Palazzo Bembo, San Marco, 4793 (Riva del Carbon)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Pan Tianshou Foundation

pantianshou.caa.edu.cn/foundation_en

My East is Your West

Palazzo Benzon, San Marco, 3927

May 6th – October 31st

Organization: The Gujral Foundation

Ornamentalism. The Purvitis Prize

Arsenale Nord, Tesa 99

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Secretariat of the Latvian Presidency of the Council of the European Union in 2015

Path and Adventure

Arsenale, Castello, 2126/A (Campo della Tana)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau; The Macao Museum of Art; The Cultural Affairs Bureau

Patricia Cronin: Shrine for Girls, Venice

Chiesa di San Gallo, San Marco, 1103 (Campo San Gallo)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Brooklyn Rail Curatorial Projects

curatorialprojects.brooklynrail.org

Roberto Sebastian Matta. Sculture

Giardino di Palazzo Soranzo Cappello, Soprintendenza BAP per le Province di Venezia, Belluno, Padova e Treviso, Santa Croce, 770 (Fondamenta Rio Marin)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Echaurren Salaris

Salon Suisse: S.O.S. Dada - The World Is A Mess

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

May 9th; June 4th - 6th; September 10th - 12th; October 15th - 17th; November 19th – 21st

Organization: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia

Sean Scully: Land Sea

Palazzo Falier, San Marco, 2906

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Volume!

Sepphoris. Alessandro Valeri

Molino Stucky, interior atrium, Giudecca, 812

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Assessorato alla Cultura del Comune di Narni(TR); a Sidereal Space of Art; Satellite Berlin

Tesla Revisited

Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 18th

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

The Bridges of Graffiti

Arterminal c/o Terminal San Basilio, Dorsoduro (Fondamenta Zattere al Ponte Lungo)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Associazione Culturale Inossidabile

The Dialogue of Fire. Ceramic and Glass Masters from Barcelona to Venice

Palazzo Tiepolo Passi, San Polo, 2774

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization: Fundaciò Artigas; ArsCulture

The Question of Beings

Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello, 3701

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Museum of Contemporary Art, Taipei (MoCA, Taipei)

The Revenge of the Common Place

Università Ca' Foscari, Ca' Bernardo, Dorsoduro, 3199 (Calle Bernardo)

May 9th – September 30th

Organization: Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University Brussels-VUB)

The Silver Lining. Contemporary Art from Liechtenstein and other Microstates

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

October 24th – November 1st

Organization: Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein

The Sound of Creation. Paintings + Music by Beezy Bailey and Brian Eno

Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello, Palazzo Pisani, San Marco, 2810 (Campo Santo Stefano)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: ArsCulture

The Union of Fire and Water

Palazzo Barbaro, San Marco, 2840

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: YARAT Contemporary Art Organisation

Thirty Light Years - Theatre of Chinese Art

Palazzo Rossini, San Marco, 4013 (Campo Manin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: GAC Global Art Center Foundation; The Guangdong Museum of Art

Tsang Kin-Wah: The Infinite Nothing, Hong Kong in Venice

Arsenale, Castello, 2126 (Campo della Tana)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: M+, West Kowloon Cultural District; Hong Kong Arts Development Council

Under the Surface, Newfoundland and Labrador at Venice

Galleria Ca' Rezzonico, Dorsoduro, 2793

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Terra Nova Art Foundation

tnaf.ca

Ursula von Rydingsvard

Giardino della Marinaressa, Castello (Riva dei Sette Martiri)

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization:Yorkshire Sculpture Park

We Must Risk Delight: Twenty Artists from Los Angeles

Magazzino del Sale n. 3, Dorsoduro, 264 (Zattere)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: bardoLA

Wu Tien-Chang: Never Say Goodbye

Palazzo delle Prigioni, Castello, 4209 (San Marco)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Taipei Fine Arts Museum of Taiwan

Book: www.lulu.com/shop/giles-watson/pearl/paperback/product-20...

ArcelorMittal Orbit by Ryan Hasselbach

7 2

Hasselbach Photography I Facebook I Getty I Google+ I Twitter I RedBubble I 500px

I was lucky enough to get tickets to go and see Day 9 of the 2012 London Paralympic Games. The weather was beautiful and there was an amazing atmosphere throughout the whole Olympic Park.

View on Black here

How the image was taken

> Camera: Nikon D300

> Handheld

> Aperture F8

> Five exposures (-2, -1,0,+1, +2) bracketed

> Lens: Sigma 10-20mm

Post Production

> Aperture

> Photomatix Pro

> Curves & Levels

Pearl: Part 15 by Giles Watson

6 6

Reading: www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhjMlz2lYUU

The story so far: The Dreamer loses his Pearl in a grassy mound - evidently her grave. He swoons with grief, and awakens in an earthly paradise, through which there runs a beautiful stream. The land on the opposite bank seems even more beautiful. He wanders further down the stream, hoping to find a bridge or a ford. Just when he starts to become afraid of the dangers that may be in store for him, he sees a young woman sitting at the foot of a crystal cliff on the opposite bank, and instantly recognises her as his lost Pearl. He hails his Pearl and expresses his relief that she still exists, but she begins to reprove him for his lack of faith. She criticises him for only believing that her soul is immortal now that he can see her, and is shocked by his suggestion that he - a mortal man - has a hope of joining her in Paradise without first experiencing death. He tells her that for him to walk away from her now that he has found her again would be to suffer a fresh bereavement. She replies that it is divinely decreed that he cannot cross over to her. The Dreamer pleads with his Pearl to accept that his rash questions were borne out of his great grief, and asks her to describe her life in Paradise. She relents, and tells him that she is crowned Queen of Heaven, and is married to the Lamb. The Dreamer is shocked by this assertion. He says that he thought only the Virgin Mary was Queen of Heaven. Pearl replies with a description of a-semi egalitarian heaven in which all inhabitants are kings and queens, and asserts that although Mary has pre-eminence, none of those in heaven would ever question it, because she is so “courteous”. She cites the Pauline notion that the church is the body of Christ in support of her claim. The Dreamer is even less convinced than before. He wonders how she can have been instantly crowned a Queen of Heaven when she was on the earth for less than two years. She replies at length, citing the parable of the labourers in the vineyard as justification for her rapid advancement in the kingdom of Heaven. She continues to retell the parable, and concludes by insisting that like the workers who worked less than two hours in the vineyard, she was first in line for God’s reward when she reached Heaven. The Dreamer cannot understand. Surely, he argues, those who have endured a lifetime’s pain and temptation must have precedence. She responds that those who die as children die innocent, whereas those who have lived longer are more likely to be tainted by the world, and argues that the Dreamer is underestimating the grace of God. She continues by expounding a series of Biblical texts on the theme of righteousness and justification, culminating with the scene from the gospels in which Christ welcomes the children, and reproves his disciples for attempting to repel them. She continues to expound on this theme, reminding the Dreamer that Christ insisted that one must become like a little child in order to approach him. The Dreamer admits that she is stupendously beautiful, but wonders how she can have won the title of Queen and bride of Christ, in the face of stiff competition: all those other women who have gone to heaven. Her reply draws upon the Old Testament prophets and the Book of Revelation: the Lamb which was slain in Jerusalem will return to govern the New Jerusalem as its King, with a company of a hundred and forty-four thousand wives – one of whom is the Pearl. She begins to describe the state of bliss experienced by all the brides of the Lamb.

Pearl: Part 15

“Jerusalem’s Lamb bears no tint

Of any pigment but pure white.

No spot or stain adheres to it –

The wool luxuriant and bright.

Each soul that never bore a spot

Becomes the Lamb’s stainless wife,

And there is no place for spite

Among our thousands – blessed with life:

Each thousand, multiplied by five,

Would only make us praise and bless

The more. In a host, love can thrive

And wax in honour, never less.

None of us is less in bliss

Who bears a pearl upon her breast.

Those whom a spot belies,

With pearls or crowns are never blessed.

Although our corpses are clad in clods

And you are grieving without rest,

We have new life beyond old loss

And in one death place all our trust:

The Lamb our joy, from cares released,

Moved to delight at every Mass –

And each bride’s bliss is brightest, best

Of all – none is honoured any the less.

You give less credence to my tale

Than you should. Look in the Apocalypse:

‘I say,’ says John, ‘the Lamb stands tall

On Mount Zion, is lovely, and thrives,

A hundred thousand in his trail –

Forty four thousand more than this!

And on their foreheads, true to tell:

The Lamb’s name, and the Father’s –

A choir from Heaven uplifts and sings

Like overflowing rivers, floods

And thunder rumbling in the clouds –

A rising clamour, and never less.

Nevertheless, though that shout is sharp

And though the myriad voice is loud,

A new sound makes my spirits leap.

To listen is to love: a great cloud

Of spirits plucking upon harps,

The new song clearly declaimed

In discourse sonorous and steep:

Harmonies, melodies, undefiled

Before God’s throne – a flood

Of song. Four beasts bow and bless;

The aldermen, the grave and good,

Sing it loudly, and never less.

Nevertheless, none is so skilled in song

For all the craft they might possess

That they could sing the slightest strain

Of that hymn – except for those

Of the Lamb’s company, the earth’s slain:

First fruits, set aside as God’s –

The Lamb’s treasures, kept from spoiling,

Like him in colour, clad in clothes

Of Heaven, dressed in truth and love’s

Assurance. Their sweet tongues confess:

Their spotless, indissoluble, heavenly lives

Are in their matchless Master – never less.’”

“Nevertheless, I cannot help but thank

You, Pearl,” I say, “though I chose

To question heavenly wisdom with rank

Worldliness. To Christ’s chamber you arose

While I floundered in mud and muck,

And you sprang up so rich – a rose,

A living bloom on this blissful bank,

Where delight’s angels never close

Their eyes on the beauty I must lose:

My fleeting hind. How can I express

My worldly thoughts, rough-hewn and coarse?

Yet grant me one boon, nevertheless...”

Late fourteenth century poem, written in a north-west midland dialect of Middle English, paraphrased by Giles Watson. This section of the poem is one stanza longer than the others. Some editors have suggested that the second stanza is not original, although I think the third is a more likely candidate, since it repeats material from section 14. However, if all six stanzas are included, the poem has 101 stanzas. So does Sir Gawain and the Green Knight – an attractive argument for authenticity, given that the poet was so meticulous in his deployment of structural devices. Pearl’s descriptions of heavenly life are drawn from the Book of Revelation and Ezekiel.

The picture shows a part of the mediaeval ceiling at Ewelme church.

preeti-busty-model-0525811763-63f11b9e2944d2.72293413 by Sanjana Malhotra

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DSC_0010 by Liz

8 1

restonstyle.blogspot.com/2012/04/i-should.html

G.K. Chesterton Lived Here by (J&M)

6

London, Warwick Gardens, W14 postcode

Taken from www.catholicauthors.com/chesterton.html

The paternal great-grandfather, grandfather and father of G. K. Chesterton were engaged in the business of selling houses (estate agents as they are called in England). His father, Edward, married Marie Grosjean, whose family had long been English, but had originally come from French Switzerland. They had three children, Gilbert, born on May 29, 1874, Cecil, five years his junior, and Beatrice, who died in childhood.

Gilbert's father distinguished between living and making a living: a successful businessman, he had a dozen hobbies, not the least of them the making of a toy-theatre, and he was widely read, especially in English literature.

A happy childhood in a happy home laid the foundation for Gilbert's sane and sensible outlook on life. As a little boy he read fairy tales; as a big boy he wrote and illustrated them, some of which are preserved in his book The Coloured Lands. Gilbert first attended Colet Court School, entering St. Paul's as a day student when he was twelve. The reports on him for his six years there (1887-92) were that he was a good boy but an indifferent student, a dreamer, interested chiefly in drawing and English literature. In his "dramatic journal,"kept irregularly from his sixteenth year, he dramatized scenes from Scott and burlesqued portions of Shakespeare. He later acknowledged the strong influence on his youthful formation made by the Junior Debating Club, of which he was chairman. It met weekly at the home of one of its dozen teenage members and, following tea, one of them read a paper which was then debated. In the issues of its organ, The Debater, his first prose and verse were printed; his essays on Milton, Pope, Gray, Cowper, Burns, and Wordsworth being noteworthy. In his last year at St. Paul's (1892), he entered a competition for a prize poem (on St. Francis Xavier), and won it. From 1892 to 1895 he studied art at the Slade School and during part of the time he attended lectures on English literature at University College. A fellow-student whose family controlled the publishing firm of Hodder & Stoughton gave him some art books to review in the firm's monthly, The Boohman. And upon leaving Slade, he entered the office of a publisher of spiritualistic literature and later the office of the general publisher, Fisher Unwin. There he began to write Greybeards at Play as well as to revise, edit and counsel the works of others.

At St. Paul's Gilbert formed lifelong friendships with the future writer Edmund C. Bentley and with Lucian Oldershaw. In 1896 Lucian was courting Ethel Blogg (anglicized from Blogue) and took Gilbert with him to call. At first sight he fell in love with her sister Frances and, after a courtship extended by his then meager earnings, they were married in 1901. It was Lucian who, in 1900, also introduced the twenty-six-year old Gilbert to the thirty-year-old Belloc. Their reciprocal influence was lifelong as was their friendship.

In 1899 Gilbert began writing for The Speaker, a Liberal weekly. His first book, a volume of comic verse which he also illustrated, Greybeards at Play, was successfully published in 1900; later that year, his father financed publication of his second book, The Wild Knight and Other Poems. But it was his brilliant though unpopular pro-Boer stand on the Boer War which first brought him to public attention, and by 1901 he also was writing regularly for The Daily News. His third book, The Defendant (1901), comprised some of his essays from The Speaker, and is suffused with paradoxes, a literary form which has since been associated with his name. ("I did not acquit Chesterton of paradox," wrote his great admirer Msgr. Knox, "but, after all, what was a paradox but a statement of the obvious so as to make it sound untrue?")

He prided himself on being a journalist, and much of his work was first published in the popular journals of the day, many of his books being collected and edited from these essays, and much more of it has never been collected at all.

He was a tall man-six-foot two, and a stout one- nearly three hundred pounds; he dressed unconventionally in a wide-brimmed slouch hat and a flowing cloak; and carried a walking stick; he had a leonine head and a rather straggly blonde mustache. By the time he was only thirty-two he had become famous, instantly recognized in public and in caricature. True, some of his most popular works had been published by then: G. F Watts (1902), Twelve Types (1902), Robert Browning (in the English Men of Letters series, 1903), The Napoleon of Notting Nill, which he called his first important book (1904), The Club of Queer Trades (1905), Heretics (1905), and Charles Dickens (1906). And in social intercourse he was already one with such personalities of the day as Joseph Conrad, Henry James, Laurence Binyon, James M. Barrie, Max Beerbohm, Swinburne, George Meredith, Yeats, and Granville Barker.

In 1904, Sir Oliver Lodge invited him to become a candidate for the Chair of Literature at Birmingham University, but he declined. The invitation was doubtless extended on the strength of his books on Browning and on Dickens. The success of the latter was such that he was requested to write a series of prefaces to all of Dickens' novels.

At the time of his marriage he believed in the basic Christian religious truths but in no particular religion. His wife was a convinced Anglo-Catholic, and she was particularly pleased when in 1905 he accepted an invitation to be the first of a series of lay preachers in St. Paul's Church, Covent Garden.

From this time on there was an almost constant stream of lecture engagements far and wide and to almost every type of organization,-religious, literary, social, and even political. He was famous, he was wanted, and he couldn't say no. His wife became his secretary recording times, places, subjects, and arranging itineraries. He became so pressed for time that he had to write at odd moments and to do his newspaper essays at deadline. This constant pressure extended from 1904 to 1908. He was notoriously absent-minded. Typical was the telegram he sent his wife when he was en route to give a lecture: "Am in Market Harborough. Where ought I to be?~' He hated physical exertion as much as he reveled in mental activity.

Another phantasy, The Man Who Was Thursday (1907) was followed by Orthodoxy (1908). When Gilbert had attacked the philosophy of G. S. Street, he retorted that he would worry about it when G.K. would clarify his own. The tesult was Orthodoxy, a series of positive arguments for Christianity. Etienne Gilson considered it ''The best piece of apologetic the century has produced." Incidentally, Gilbert sold the manuscript outright for about $400.00. The meager returns on his numerous and popular writings moved him at this time to employ a literary agent; with gratifying results.

He began a weekly column, "Our Notebook,'' in The Illustrated London News in 1905 and continued it until his death thirty-one years later.

In 1909 he and his wife moved from Battersea, London, to the suburban town of Beaconsfield, which was to be their home for the rest of their lives. Their desire for children was never to be fulfilled; later they adopted Dorothy Collins who had become Gilbert's secretary in 1926. At Overroads, their Beaconsfield home, he was removed from the bustle and bars of Fleet Street and had more leisure for his friends: Max Beerbohm, Jack Phillmore, Msgr. O'Connor, Maurice Baring, Belloc, George Wyndham, Msgr. Knox, and a host of others. But his social life did not deter the stream of his books, as witness The Ball and the Cross, What's Wrong With the World (changed by his publishers from What's Wrong? and in which he formulated his sociology), Alarms and Discursions, and Blake (all published in 1910), Criticisms and Appreciations of Dickens, The Innocence of Father Brown, and, what many deem his greatest writing, The Ballad of the White Horse (all published in 1911). Too, his interest in politics, which he had had from boyhood, became more active: he began by fighting the sale of peerages as a means of secretly raising party funds, and continued blasting every other form of political corruption. Of necessity this interest included social reform, public education, a free press, etc. He resigned from the Liberal owned Daily News (a property of Cadbury of Cadbury's Cocoa) to write for the Daily Herald. He doubtless resigned just before being asked to, for his recent statements regarding the Liberal party leaders included: "Some of them are very nice oldgentlemen, some of them are very nasty old gentlemen, and some of them are old without being gentlemen at all." And again, "The best of His Majesty's Ministers are agnostics, and the worst are devil worshippers." This hit hard because at least nominally Church of England men (some ecclesiastics) were the predominant rulers of the realm.

Reacting against what they believed wrong with the English social-economic condition, Gilbert, his brother Cecil, and Belloc formulated their own program: Distributism. One of their principal points of controversy was over private ownership, chiefly ownership of the land which was tragically curtailed by the law of enclosure by which some five million acres ceased in effect to be the common property of the poor and became the private property of the rich. In books and articles they carried on their fight for the liberty of Englishmen against increasing enslavement to a plutocracy, and to expose and combat corruption in public life. As their audience increased and took form, they decided upon publishing their own paper. It was called The Eye Witness, from 1911-12, The New Witness, from 1912-23, G.K.'s Weekly, from 1925-36, and The Weekly Review, since 1936. It was edited at various times by each of the three. In the Marconi case, they contended that Godfrey Isaacs had used Rulus Isaacs to purchase ministerial favor. The court verdict in this complicated litigation was a gentle rebuke to the Isaacs and a small fine for editor Cecil. So small in view of the serious charges made that the Chesterbelloc considered it a moral victory. But the government then showed its contempt for integrity by appointing Godfrey Isaacs as the Viceroy of India and giving Rufus the title of Lord Reading.

Gilbert's books in this period included Manalive (1911), A Miscellany of Men, essays (1912), The Victorian Age in Literature (1913), The Wisdom of Father Brown (1914), and The Flying Inn (1914). His poetic play, Magic, was produced in England in October 1913, and in Germany soon afterward. And following a conversation with Msgr. O'Connor on the subject, he wrote his best known single poem, "The Ballad of Lepanto" (19 12).

In September 1916, Cecil enlisted as a private in the army and died in France on December 6, 1918. Upon his enlistment, Gilbert succeeded him as editor of The New Witness.

Gilbert went on a lecture tour to Palestine (which became a determining factor in his conversion) in 1919, to Italy in 1920, and to the United States in 1921-22 and again in 1930-31. From these travels came The New Jerusalem (1920), What I Saw in America (1922) and Sidelights on New London and Newer York (1932). His American tour included a series of thirty-six lectures on Victorian literature and history at the University of Notre Dame (his poem "The Arena" commemorates his visit), as well as talks delivered at San Francisco, Omaha, Oklahoma City, Nashville, New York, Chicago, Detroit, Philadelphia, Boston, and other cities.

The same period witnessed the publication of his Irish Impressions (1919), The Uses of Diversity (1920), The Superstition of Divorce (1920), Eugenics and Other Evils (1922), The Man Who Knew Too Much (1922), and Fancies Versus Fads (1923). Some idea of his intellectual fertility is indicated by the fact that at one time he had thirty books contracted for with various publishers.

Gilbert's brother Cecil had become a Catholic shortly before going to war and Gilbert himself had been forming a Catholic mind slowly but steadily from about the same time. But he was not one to be hurried and fortunately even his closest friends, Maurice Baring and Ronald Knox (themselves converts), though he acknowledged their influence upon him, did not try to hurry him. Eventually it was Father O'Connor who received him into the Church in 1922. On the same day he wrote his celebrated poem "The Convert." By her own conscience his wife followed him into the fold four years later.

The time between the death of The New Witness in 1923 and the birth of G.K.'s Weekly in 1925 gave him sufficient leisure to write two of his most important books: St. Francis of Assisi (1923) and The Everlasting Man (1925) . But to the paper which enshrined his brother's memory though it now bore his own initials, Gilbert devoted much of his time as editor from 1925 to 1930. Most of those who knew him regarded it as a sacrifice. Besides Belloc and himself, a steady contributor was Eric Gill; out of friendship for Gilbert, Shaw and Wells contributed occasionally.

In 1926 the social and economic program of the paper feathered the Distributist League, of which Gilbert was elected president. He stated that ''Their simple idea was to restore possession." To restore property and prosperity to the people from whom it had been taken by big government and big business. Distributism was to be a practical alternative to Capitalism and Socialism. Branches were soon established throughout England and the circulation of its organ, G.K.'s Weekly, rose from 4,650 to 8,000 copies. The influence of the movement far exceeded its numbers; men like Father McNabb, O.P., in England (whom some hold fathered rather than was a disciple of the movement), Msgr. Ligutti in the United States, Dr. Coady and Dr. Tompkins in Canada, as well as others in Australia and New Zealand, acknowledged its influence upon their labors.

Despite the yearly loss by the paper and his constant charity to the needy, from panhandlers to causes, Gilbert helped to build the Church at Beaconsfield, until then a mission of High Wycomb parish. It became his memorial.

In 1926 were published The Outline of Sanity, The Catholic Church and Conversion, The Incredulity of Father Brown (as Gilbert said to Father Rice, "My publishers have demanded a fresh batch of corpses"), and The Queen of the Seven Swords; in 1926, his Collected Poems, The Return of Don Quixote (which first appeared serially in G.K.'s Weekly), Robert Louis Stevenson, The Secret of Father Brown, and a play, The Judgment of Dr. Johnson. Like his Magic, it was successful as literature, not as theatre. The Father Brown detective stories brought him charter membership in the Detection Club (1929) and soon afterwards its presidency.

He spent a month of 1927 in Poland, a nation whose true place in Europe he held high. Two years later his visit to Rome resulted in The Resurrection of Rome (1930). His more successful books of this period were his Catholic essays, The Thing (1929), and the two volumes of general essays, Come to Think of It (1930) and All Is Grist (1931), and his reflections flowing from the Eucharistic Congress which he and his wife attended in 1932, Christendom in Dublin, his studies of Chaucer and of St. Thomas Aquinas. Of this last, Etienne Gilson, a foremost Thomistic scholar, said: "I consider it as being without possible comparison the best book ever written on St. Thomas. And P'ere Gillet, O.P., MasterGeneral of the Dominican Order, lectured on and from it to large meetings of Dominicans.

From 1932 until his death he engaged increasingly in radio lectures, delivering as many as forty a year over the B.B.C. The B.B.C. is a state monopoly (as such, Gilbert attacked it: "It is wicked to nationalize mines and railroads; but we lose no time in nationalizing tongues and talk''), and he had to submit a manuscript for each lecture; but, for the sake of spontaneity, he was not held to the letter of it. These talks were so well received that a B.B.C. official remarked after his death that "G.K.C. in another year or so would have become the dominating voice from Broadcasting House." Too, they reached untold thousands who had never read his writings.

While in Rome, Gilbert interviewed Mussolini and had an audience with the Holy Father. In 1934 he was elected, honoris causa, to the Athenaeum Club. Both he and Belloc were invested as Papal Knight Commanders of the Order of St. Gregory with Star. At his death in 1936 the Holy See cabled Cardinal Hinsley: "Holy Father deeply grieved death Mr. Gilbert Keith Chesterton devoted son of Holy Church gifted Defender of the Catholic Faith. His Holiness offers paternal sympathy people of England, assures prayers dear departed, bestows Apostolic Benediction."

The panegyric was delivered in Westminster Cathedral by Msgr. Ronald Knox. His monument was designed by Eric Gill and burial was at Beaconsfield. His wife survived him by a little more than two years.

He had employed his great God-given gifts with humility and charity; indeed these two virtues characterized his life.

Books on him are numerous: first in time and also very important is G. K. Chesterton: a Criticism (1908), published anonymously but later learned to be by his brother Cecil; Belloc's brief but brilliant The Place of Chesterton in English Letters (1940); Father Brown on Chesterton (1937) by Msgr. John O'Connor; The Laughing Prophet (1937) by Emile Cammaerts is concerned more with the man than with the writer; Chesterton As Seen by His Contemporaries (1939), includes material by Gilbert himself, edited by Cyril Clemens; Gilbert's Autobiography (published posthumously in 1936), in which, with characteristic humility, he seems bent upon writing about everyone but himself; and the definitive biography, G. K. Chesterton (1943) by his long-time friend, Maisie Ward (Mrs. Frank J. Sheed).

Café Schwarzenberg by Stephen Coles

9 2

The oldest café on the Ringstrasse. Spent three hours here, alone, without laptop(!), simply soaking up the atmosphere.

After a terrific meal of wienerschnitzel and potatoes, I savored a traditional Melange with apfelstrüdel. Other than a table of old Austrian ladies in the opposite corner, and the occasional visit by a black-tied, exceedingly polite waiter, I was the only one in the room. I was about to leave — as I normally would after finishing a meal — but the sky suddenly opened up a torrential downpour. "Hmm," I thought, "I guess I can have another drink." Ordered an Irish coffee. An American family came in from the famous opera house across the street and I listened to them discuss the performance, pretending I was a local taking in some English practice. The rain stopped. I sauntered out, completely content with my first Viennese café experience.

Leica M family by AhamBrahmosmi

5

a list of the gear and some interesting articles about the item ->

M9 : stevehuffphotos.com/Steve_Huff_Photos/THE_LEICA_M9_REVIEW... ( stevehuffphotos.com/Steve_Huff_Photos/THE_LEICA_M9_REVIEW... )

+ Frankenfinder : www.dantestella.com/technical/frankenfinder.html ( www.dantestella.com/technical/frankenfinder.html )

+ Thumbs up CSEP1s : www.matchtechnical.com/Pages/CSEP1.aspx ( www.matchtechnical.com/Pages/CSEP1.aspx )

+ Leica 1.4x magnifier : en.leica-camera.com/photography/m_system/accessories/view... ( en.leica-camera.com/photography/m_system/accessories/view... )

+ Match Technical 0.85 34 de-magnifier : www.matchtechnical.com/Pages/EyeCupMag.aspx ( www.matchtechnical.com/Pages/EyeCupMag.aspx )

+ Voigtländer Heliar 15/4.5 aph v1 : web.me.com/videoman69/Steve_Huff_Photos/VOIGTLANDER_15_HE... ( web.me.com/videoman69/Steve_Huff_Photos/VOIGTLANDER_15_HE... )

+ Leica Summilux 35/1.4 asph v1 : www.stevehuffphoto.com/2010/12/07/the-leica-35-summilux-a... ( www.stevehuffphoto.com/2010/12/07/the-leica-35-summilux-a... )

+ Leica Noctilux 50/f1 : www.stevehuffphoto.com/2009/12/28/the-magic-of-the-leica-... ( www.stevehuffphoto.com/2009/12/28/the-magic-of-the-leica-... )

+ Voigtländer Nokton 50/1.1 : www.luminous-landscape.com/reviews/lenses/50mm-nokton.shtml ( www.luminous-landscape.com/reviews/lenses/50mm-nokton.shtml )

+ Zeiss Sonnar ZM 50/1.5 : web.me.com/videoman69/Steve_Huff_Photos/Blog/Entries/2009... ( web.me.com/videoman69/Steve_Huff_Photos/Blog/Entries/2009... )

+ Jupiter 8 50/2 RF version with red N : forum.mflenses.com/jupiter-8-50-2-t47935.html ( forum.mflenses.com/jupiter-8-50-2-t47935.html )

+ Jupiter 8 50/2 new version : forum.mflenses.com/jupiter-8-50mm-f2-nex-t46785.html ( forum.mflenses.com/jupiter-8-50mm-f2-nex-t46785.html )

+ Leica Elmar 50/ 2.8 : forum.mflenses.com/leica-elmar-m-50-2-8-t42872.html ( forum.mflenses.com/leica-elmar-m-50-2-8-t42872.html )

+ Leica Summilux 75/1.4 : forum.mflenses.com/viewtopic.php?t=49263&postdays=0&a... ( forum.mflenses.com/viewtopic.php?t=49263&postdays=0&a... )

+ Voigtländer Heliar 75/2.5 : forum.mflenses.com/voigtlander-heliar-75-2-5-ltm-t48695.html ( forum.mflenses.com/voigtlander-heliar-75-2-5-ltm-t48695.html )

+ Leica Summicron 90/2 : www.l-camera-forum.com/leica-forum/customer-forum/219203-... ( www.l-camera-forum.com/leica-forum/customer-forum/219203-... ) and www.rangefinderforum.com/forums/showthread.php?t=61660 ( www.rangefinderforum.com/forums/showthread.php?t=61660 )

Not shown here -> Leica Summarit 50/1.5 + Leica Summitar 50/2 + Leica Summarex 85/1.5 + Leica Elmar 135/4 : some interesting comments on these lenses here www.antiquecameras.net/leicalensreviews.html ( www.antiquecameras.net/leicalensreviews.html )

Mañana inicia la Feria Nacional de San Marcos, 2011. del 23 de abril al 15 de mayo del 2011. by roblestjorge

2 25

www.feriadesanmarcos.gob.mx/inicio.html

www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1aaoO7uyOk

Feria Nacional de San Marcos. De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

La Feria de San Marcos considerada como "la Feria de México" es el festejo popular más importante de la ciudad de Aguascalientes realizado en honor a San Marcos evangelista, santo patrono designado del barrio del mismo nombre. Es considerada una feria de importancia nacional en México y tiene un gran prestigio aún a nivel internacional. Se realiza en la ciudad de Aguascalientes, México, en el barrio de San Marcos. El día más importante dentro de la feria es el 25 de abril, que coincide con el día de San Marcos.

En un principio, la fiesta se encontraba íntimamente unida con la vendimia ya que Aguascalientes era un importante productor de uva. Sin embargo, esta tradición sobrevive sólo durante las corridas de toros, donde se toma vino tinto mezclado con brandy de las tradicionales botas.

Durante el periodo (abril-mayo, dos últimas semanas y dos primeras semanas, respectivamente) que dura esta festividad, la zona del festejo se convierte en escenario de eventos artísticos, culturales y sociales abiertos a todo el público. No se restringe el acceso general al público ya que la zona que forma gran parte del escenario es ahora muy céntrica y abarca una buena parte del centro histórico de la ciudad.

En 2010 empezará su internacionalización donde la feria se hermanará con las ferias mas importantes y de mayor prestigio como son la de Sevilla en España, Nimes, Francia; Pomona, California; y Calgary, Canadá.

Historia

Su celebración se remonta a 1828, del 20 de octubre al 20 de noviembre, para vender el producto de las cosechas y la ganadería. En aquel entonces competía con las ferias de Acapulco, Jalapa y San Juan de los Lagos.

Al comienzo era celebrada en el Parián (palabra de origen filipino) que es un centro comercial que todavía existe y se localiza a dos cuadras de la plaza principal, esto hasta 1848. En 1842 la balaustrada externa del Jardín de San Marcos, de estilo neoclásico, fue construida en un terreno donado por la Iglesia Católica y se conserva hasta hoy; al ser completado el jardín la celebración fue cambiada de noviembre a abril para coincidir con las fiestas en honor del Santo Patrono.

Desde 1924 se organiza un concurso de belleza para elegir a la Reina de la Feria. En 1958 la feria fue elevada al rango "Nacional" por el Presidente Adolfo López Mateos.

La construcción de la plaza de toros San Marcos comenzó en 1896 y fue terminada en sólo 48 días. Fue inaugurada por Juan Jimenez "El Ecijano" lidiando toros de la ganadería de Venadero el 24 de Abril de ese mismo año. Esta plaza es entre las que permanecen en pie, una de las más antiguas del país. Desde entonces las corridas de toros son incluidas en las festividades. Debido a la gran tradición taurina en Aguascalientes y al creciente afluente de visitantes a la feria, en los años 70 fue construida una de las más bellas plazas de toros del mundo, la Plaza Monumental de Aguascalientes, misma que amplió, en 1992, su cupo de 7,500 a 15,000 personas cómodamente sentadas.

En 2009, por 1era. vez en toda la historia de la Feria, fue suspendida después de solo diez días debido a la Pandemia de gripe A (H1N1) de 2009 que afectó al país. Esta eventualidad mostró claramente la gran importancia de esta feria para Aguascalientes, ya que la economía local se afecto notoriamente por dicha causa.

Actividades

Esta feria abarca desde la tercera semana de abril hasta la primera semana de mayo (tres o cuatro semanas, es variable cada año), y es famosa internacionalmente por su(s):

1. Serial taurino. En el cual es común que se presenten las máximas figuras del momento a nivel mundial. Históricamente se han presentado toreros de la talla de Manolo Martínez, Manuel Capetillo, Rafael Rodríguez "El volcán de Aguascalientes", Manuel Benítez "El Cordobés", Curro Rivera, Paquirri, Alfonso Ramírez "El Calesero", Eloy Cavazos, El Juli, Zotoluco, Armillita, Manuel Espinosa, Pablo Hermoso de Mendoza,Jose Tomas,Arturo Macias "El Cejas", Enrique Ponce,César Rincón, Sebastian Castella y un largo etcétera (se invita a los taurinos de Aguascalientes a añadir los nombres más connotados).

2. Campeonato Nacional Charro, tradición del deporte nacional mexicano (la Charrería) organizado por la Unión de Asociaciones Charras de Aguascalientes, y que en este 2011 se llevará a cabo del 5 al 8 de Mayo en la Villa Charra "José Refugio Esparza Reyes" de la capital.

3. Peleas de gallos. Donde se presentan peleas participando bandos de todo el país y donde es legal apostar. En dicho escenario también se presentan los cantantes populares más reconocidos del momento en México.

4. Casino (único con permiso para operar legalmente en México). Donde se puede jugar a la redina (similar a la ruleta), black jack, baccarat, poker, albures, entre otros juegos de azar.

5. Modernas instalaciones (espacios abiertos, casi en el centro de la ciudad), que incluyen un Centro de Convenciones, zona de antros, teatros cerrados y al aire libre, Megavelaria, entre otras conectadas por amplios y elegantes andadores.

6. Juegos mecánicos de Atracciones García y Tsunami, la montaña rusa más grande del centro de México. también ahora en Isla San Marcos.

7. Amplia y variada Exposición Ganadera. Esta se realiza desde el 2008 en una nueva zona de la ciudad llamada "Isla San Marcos" que incluye un bello lago artificial y un reloj floral monumental.

8. Carreras de caballos. también se realizan en Isla San Marcos.

9. Eventos deportivos (donde se incluyen partidos profesionales de fútbol soccer del Necaxa, lucha libre y más).

10. Eventos culturales (como el Ferial) que es un espectáculo de danza y música de primer nivel que se renueva cada año con el fin de mantener el interés y conservarlo al día con la cultura popular del momento. Se lleva a cabo en el moderno Teatro Aguascalientes diseñado por el arquitecto Abraham Zabludovsky.

11. Eventos artísticos (como la variedad artística en el palenque "Sol-Federico Méndez")

12. Teatro del pueblo en la Megavelaria

13. Voladores de Papantla. Este se presenta en la explanada del templo de San Marcos.

14. Exposiciones diversas de países invitados que son diferentes cada año. En 2006 se invitó a Cuba, a Brasil en 2007, a España en 2008, a Francia en 2009 y a Italia en 2010. También se invita a un estado de México diferente cada año.

15. Jardín y templo de San Marcos.

16. Vida nocturna (centros nocturnos, antros, bares, merenderos y cantinas)

17. Restaurantes y hoteles.

18. Fuegos Artificiales y Recorridos desde el centro de la ciudad (Exedra) hasta la "Isla" San Marcos.

www.vivaaguascalientes.com Información Turistica de Aguascalientes

Feria Nacional de San Marcos Página oficial de San Marcos 180 años, La Feria de México

Feria Nacional de San Marcos Feria Nacional de San Marcos

Gobierno de Aguascalientes Portal de Gobierno del Estado de Aguascalientes.

Feria de San Marcos - Feria de México

polenta di vissani_ (39) by Elisa

1 2

www.kittyskitchen.it/polenta-allextravergine-di-vissani.html

HM Queen Anne de Romania, Pss de Bourbon-Parme by Constant

7 1

www[dot]blouseroumaine[dot]com/orderthebook_p1[dot]html

The Queen of Romania is a descendant of the prince of Moldavia (Jeremy Movila) via Maria Leczynska Queen of Louis XV of France and through their descendants to the Bourbob-Parme branch of the French and Danish Royal Families.

Prince Ieremia Movila was a great patron of the arts and founder of the painted convents of Bucovina. During his reign the principality of Moldavia experienced a renaissance of its decorative arts, especially the post-byzantine style religious embroideries.

--------------------

Regina Ana, Printesa de Danemarca si de Bourbon-Parma se trage, asa cum spune numele din Bourboni,

mai precis din ramura spaniola a Bourbonilor care erau si Duci de Parma.

Pornind pe linie directa ascendenta a familiei de Bourbon-Parma, deci pe linie barbateasca ,ajungem la Ferdinand I de Bourbon, Duce de Parma (1751-1802) nepotul Lui Filip V regele Spaniei si Duce de Anjou (1683, Versailles - 1746 Madrid).

Acest Ferdinand I Infante de Spania (1751-1802),care preceda cu sase generatii pe Ana de Bourbon-Parma a noastra [sper si a domniei tale] ) era casatorit cu printesa Louise Elisabeth de France (1727-1759), fiica lui Ludovic al XV regele Frantei si a sotiei lui Maria Leczynska ( 1703-1768) regina Frantei, care la randul ei era fiica lui Stanislas Lesczynski regele Poloniei si Duce de Lorena (1677-1766).

Acum, ca sa ajungem la Movilesti trebuie sa trecem pe ramurile femeiesti:

Bunica materna a lui Stanislas Lesczinski (socrul lui Ludovic XV) era Maria Ana Printesa Jabolonowska (1643-1687) nascuta contesa Kasanowska, iar bunica materna a acesteia din urma era Domnita Maria Movila ( 1591-1638) (fata lui Ieremia Voda), domnita moldoveanca al carui sot era Contele Stefan Potocki, Palatin de Wroclaw si prin care casatorie era cunoscuta in Polonia drept Marya Mohylanka.

Aceasta inseamna, bine inteles, ca prin stramosii ei Movilesti, Regina Ana de Romania se trage, prin Iermia Voda Movila, chiar din Petru Rares si din Stefan cel Mare si Sfant, iar prin acesta din urma din Dragos Voda primul descalecator al Moldovei.

Despre domnita Maria Movila contesa Potocka ne vorbeste istoricul Constantin GANE (1885-1962) in celebra lui lucrare "Trecute Vieti de Doamne si Domnite".

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

"Blouse Roumaine - the Unsung Voices of Romanian Women"

Presented and Selected by Constantin ROMAN

Anthology E-BOOK (11BM)

DISTRIBUTION: Online with credit card

COST: $ 54.99, £34.99 (ca Euros 35.50)

LINK: www.blouseroumaine.com/orderthebook_p1.html

CONTENTS:

2,250,000 words,

over 1,000 pages,

ca 160 illustrations in text

160 critical biographies,

58 social categories/professions,

600 quotations (mostly translated into English for the first time),

circa 3,000 bibliographical references (including URLs and credits)

6 Indexes (alphabetical, by profession, timeline, quotation Index, place

index and name index)

AUTHOR: Constantin Roman is a Scholar with a Doctorate from Cambridge and a Member of the Society of Authors (London). He is an International Adviser, Guest Speaker, Professor Honoris Causa and Commander of the Order of Merit.

INDEX BY PROSFESSION: 58 CATEGORIES by Call, Profession or Social Status

Academics (22), Actresses (9), Anti-Communist Fighters (14), Architects/Interior Designers (2), Art Critics (9), Artist Book Binders (1), Ballerinas (6), Charity Workers/Benefactors (20), Communist Public Figures (2), Courtesans (3), Designers (2), Diplomats (4), Essayists (11), Ethnographers (6), Exiles & First-generation Romanians born abroad (87), Explorers (1), Feminists (12), Folk Singers (1), Gymnasts, Dressage Riders (2), Historians (5), Honorary Romanian Women (15), Illustrators (3), Journalists (13), Lawyers (4), Librarians (3), Linguists (2), Literary Critics (1), Media (15), Medical Doctors/Nurses (5), Memoir Writers (16), Missionaries and Nuns (4), Mountainéers (2), Museographers (1), Musical Instruments Makers (1), Novelists (24), Opera Singers (16), Painters (14), Peasant Farmers (6), Philosophers and Philosophy Graduates (4), Pianists (6), Pilots (4), Playwrights (5), Poets (29), Political Prisoners (30), Politicians (5), Revolutionaries (2), Royals and Aristocrats (34), Scientists (8), Sculptors (4), Slave (1), Socialites/Hostesses (20), Spouses/Relations of Public Figures (51), Spies (2), Tapestry Weavers (4), Translators (25), Unknown Illustrious (6), Violinists (4), Workers (3)

NOTE:

Most of the above 160 Romanian women, in the best tradition of versatility, are true polymaths and therefore nearly each one of them falls in more than just one category, often three or more. This explains why adding the numbers of the 57 individual categories bears no relation to the actual total of the above 160 women included in Blouse Roumaine.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

LIST OF 160 CRITICAL BIOGRAPHIES (each supported by Quotations and Bibliography)

AA *Gabriela Adamesteanu *Florenta Albu *Nina Arbore *Elena Arnàutoiu *Ioana Raluca Voicu-Arnàutoiu, *Laurentia Arnàutoiu *Mariea Plop - Arnàutoiu *Ana Aslan *Lady Elizabeth Asquith Bibescu

BB *Lauren Bacall *Lady Florence Baker *Zoe Bàlàceanu *Ecaterina Bàlàcioiu-Lovinescu *Victorine de Bellio *Pss. Marta Bibescu *Adriana Bittel *Maria Prodan Bjørnson *Ana Blandiana *Yvonne Blondel *Lola Bobescu *Smaranda Bràescu *Elena Bràtianu *Élise Bràtianu *Ioana Bràtianu *Elena Bràtianu- Racottà *Letitzia Bucur

CC *Anne-Marie Callimachi *Georgeta Cancicov *Madeleine Cancicov *Pss. Alexandra Cantacuzino *Pss.Maria Cantacuzino (Madame Puvis de Chavannes) *Pss. Maruca Cantacuzino-Enesco* Pss. Catherine Caradja *Elena Caragiani-Stoenescu *Marta Caraion-Blanc, *Nina Cassian, *Otilia Cazimir *Elena Ceausescu *Maria Cebotari *Ioana Celibidache *Hélène Chrissoveloni (Mme Paul Morand)*Alice Cocea *Irina Codreanu *Lizica Codreanu *Alina Cojocaru *Nadia Comàneci *Denisa Comànescu *Lena Constante *Silvia Constantinescu *Doina Cornea *Hortense Cornu *Viorica Cortez*Otilia Cosmutzà *Sandra Cotovu *Ileana Cotrubas *Carmen-Daniela Cràsnaru *Mioara Cremene *Florica Cristoforeanu *Pss. Elena Cuza

DD *Hariclea Darclée *Cella Delavrancea *Alina Diaconú *Varinca Diaconú *Anca Diamandy *Marie Ana Dràgescu *Rodica Dràghincescu *Bucura Dumbravà *Natalia Dumitrescu

EE *Micaela Eleutheriade *Queen Elisabeth of Romania (‘Carmen Sylva’) *Alexandra Enescu *Mica Ertegün

FF *Lizi Florescu, *Maria Forescu *Nicoleta Franck *Aurora Fúlgida

GG *Angela Gheorghiu *Pss Grigore Ghica *Pss. Georges Ghika (Liane de Pougy) *Veturia Goga *Maria Golescu *Nadia Gray *Olga Greceanu *Pss. Helen of Greece *Nicole Valéry-Grossu *Carmen Groza

HH *Virginia Andreescu Haret *Clara Haskil *Lucia Hossu-Longin

II *Pss. Ileana of Romania *Ana Ipàtescu *Marie-France Ionesco *Dora d’Istria *Rodica Iulian

JJ *Doina Jela *Lucretia Jurj

KK *Mite Kremnitz

LL *Marie-Jeanne Lecca *Madeleine Lipatti *Monica Lovinescu *Elena Lupescu

MM *Maria Mailat *Ileana Màlàncioiu *Ionela Manolesco *Lilly Marcou *Silvia Marcovici *Queen Marie of Romania *Ioana A. Marin *Ioana Meitani *Gabriela Melinescu *Veronica Micle *Nelly Miricioiu *Herta Müller *Alina Mungiu-Pippidi *Agnes Kelly Murgoci

NN *Mabel Nandris *Anita Nandris-Cudla *Lucia Negoità *Mariana Nicolesco *Countess Anna de Noailles *Ana Novac

OO *Helen O’Brien *Oana Orlea

PP *Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu *Milita Pàtrascu *Ana Pauker *Marta Petreu *Cornelia Pillat *Magdalena Popa *Elvira Popescu

RR *Ruxandra Racovitzà *Elisabeta Rizea *Eugenia Roman *Stella Roman *Queen Ana de România, *Pss. Margarita de România *Maria Rosetti *Elisabeth Roudinesco

SS *Annie Samuelli *Sylvia Sidney *Henriette-Yvonne Stahl *Countess Leopold Starszensky *Elena Stefoi *Pss. Marina Stirbey *Sanda Stolojan *Cecilia Cutzescu-Storck

TT *Maria Tànase *Aretia Tàtàrescu *Monica Theodorescu *Elena Theodorini

UU *Viorica Ursuleac

VV *Elena Vàcàrescu *Leontina Vàduva *Ana Velescu *Marioara Ventura *Anca Visdei *Wanda Sachelarie Vladimirescu *Alice Steriade Voinescu

WW *Sabina Wurmbrand

ZZ *Virginia Zeani

"Die Planet der Schulden" ("El Planeta de la Deuda") [264/366] by Miguel Durán

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· 366project2012.es · Facebook · Twitter

· Canon EOS 5D Mark II + Carl Zeiss Jena MC Sonnar 135mm f/3.5

Bergh Apton War Memorial - 1 by Moominpappa06

4 11

Former Bergh Apton parish councillors John Ling and Chris Johnson have done a great amount of research on the memorial, and through their diligent efforts have succeeded in adding additional names to the memorial. Much of their work is recorded at the Roll of Honour site for this village, the current page of which predates some of the latest additions to the memorial.

I apologise for both shamelessly cribbing from the Roll of Honour and not ensuring that all the names were captured.

www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/Berghapton.html

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Walter Alexander

(Roll of Honour Walter Earnest Alexander)

Lance Corporal 1st Battalion, Royal Newfoundland Regiment.

Walter emigrated to Canada at some point before 1914 and signed on at St Johns, Newfoundland on 30 April 1915 when living in Boswarlos on the island’s West coast. He was wounded by shell shrapnel on 2 July (the second day of the First Battle of the Somme) and died of his wounds in a Casualty Clearing Station. He died on 5 July 1916, aged 24 and is buried at Beauval, near Amiens.

His parents Robert and Annie Alexander lived at Verandah Cottages on Cooke’s Road until shortly before Walter died, and ended their days at Holly Hill on Sunnyside.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=34902

A photo of Walter Alexander can be seen here

norlink.norfolk.gov.uk/02_Catalogue/02_013_PictureTitleIn...

Norlink notes:Lance Corporal Alexander was born at Sunnyside, Bergh Apton, 23rd October 1891. He was educated at Bergh Apton and enlisted in February 1915. He was wounded at the Battle of the Somme, 1st July 1916 and died from wounds, 5th July 1916.

This was doubly sad, as the Regiment had all but been wiped out, in the space of 30 minutes on the 1st of July. By the end of the 1st July, only 68 men responded to roll-call.

www.heritage.nf.ca/greatwar/articles/somme.html

Strangely, there is no match on the Canadian National Archive under this name or service number.

The 1901 Census has a Walter Alexander born 1892 Bergh Apton and still resident there. There was also a Harry Alexander born 1892 (possibly a twin?), Edith born 1895, Ethel born 1898 and a Mabel born 1900.

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Arthur James Annis

Roll of Honour Arthur William

[Recorded on the memorial as Arthur James ANNIS] Private 7th Battalion, East Yorkshire Regiment.

Arthur was the son of Samuel and Rosetta Annis of The Street, Bergh Apton. He was wounded in the Fricourt/Mametz sector during the first Battle of the Somme and died aged 34 on 24 July 1916. The fact that he is buried in Rouen’s St Sever cemetery indicates that he died of his wounds in one of the base hospitals around Rouen and Etaples.

The war memorial gives his name as Arthur James but that is an error. The confusion in name may have related to the fact that he had a brother James who had been a policemen before 1914. James survived the war in which he served with the Royal Flying Corps and rejoined the Metropolitan Police before returning to Bergh Apton as a market gardener, a business carried on by his son Peter.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=513837

No match on Norlink

The 1901 Census has James Annis as born at Bergh Apton in 1891, while Arthur was born there in 1882, but by the time of the census was working as a Turner in Birmingham.

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Robert George Beaumont

Roll of Honour

Private 22nd Battalion, the Manchester Regiment.

Robert died, aged 29, on 4th October 1917 but his body was never recovered. His name is on the Tyne Cot Memorial at Zonnebeke in Belgium. He was the son of Robert and Jane Beaumont of Sunnyside, Bergh Apton and husband of Ellen who lived at 2, Kimberley St, Norwich.

Robert died on the first day of an action known as ‘The Battle of Brooseinde’. The Manchesters suffered very heavy casualties there, losing 281 men of all ranks killed, missing or wounded in the fighting.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=844465

No match on Norlink

From EDP article

new.edp24.co.uk/content/news/storyrss.aspx?brand=EDPOnlin... May 2007 21:29:43:670

There are no obvious matches for Robert or his father and mother in the 1901 Census.

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Alfred Bligh

Name: BLIGH, ALFRED

Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Canadian Infantry (Saskatchewan Regiment)

Unit Text: 46th Bn. Age: 29 Date of Death: 19/11/1916 Service No: 472064

Additional information: Son of Walter and Emma Bligh, of Seething Fen, Brooke, Norwich, England.

Memorial: VIMY MEMORIAL

CWGC www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1565383

The 1901 Census lists an Alfred Bligh born Berg Apton 1888 but now resident Seething and working as an Agricultural Labourer. Other family members would seem to include Ewing (born 1882 Bergh Apton and now resident Seething as a Ploughman), and Laura (born 1886)

Alfred’s enlistment papers can be seen on the Canadian National Archive site. He gives his date of birth as the 17th August 1887 and his profession as farmer.

collectionscanada.ca/databases/cef/001042-119.02-e.php?im...

Alfred is also listed on the Seething War Memorial.

www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/Seething.html

The units war diary for this period, listing Alfred of the M.G Section amongst the dead,

Can be seen here

data2.collectionscanada.ca/e/e045/e001112033.jpg

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John Alfred Boggis

Roll of Honour John Alfred Boggis MM

Corporal 9th Battalion, the Norfolk Regiment.

Alfred died aged 37 on 8 October 1918, only a month before the end of the war. He is buried in Prospect Hill Cemetery at Gouy near Cambrai, having been moved there from Brancourt le Grand where he was originally interred.

In a letter to his widow Rosa the Chaplain of the 9th Norfolks wrote ‘I am just writing to express my deep sympathy for you in the death of your husband in action on Oct 8th. . . . . . He was thought very highly of in this Battalion and I am glad to think of him as one of my friends for a long time’.

At the age of 37 Alfred John Boggis was a mature man, and one of already-proven bravery by the award of the Military Medal. One senses from the Padre’s letter that he had attributes of steadiness and loyalty that must have been a great help to many younger soldiers in their teens and early twenties who served with him.

He was the son of Alfred and Sabina Boggis of Yelverton and was married to Rosa. He had three children, Alfred, Herbert and Ivy.

On CWGC as Alfred John Boggis

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=182118

No match on Norlink

No obvious match on the 1901 Census.

This was the period of The Battle of Cambrai, 1918 - 8th - 9th October 1918, which the 6th Division, of which the 9th Norfolks were part, was involved in.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Cambrai_(1918)

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Charles W W Bracey

Roll of Honour:Walter Wilfred

[Listed on memorial as Charles W W BRACEY] Royal Navy Reserve

The Eastern Daily Press of 24 September 1914 carried a report on Bergh Apton’s Harvest Festival. It included the fact that that the Rector, H W G Thursby, gave the condolences of the village to Mr Bracey on the death of his son who was the first Bergh Apton man to die in the war.

He was nineteen and was serving on the trawler “Eyrie” when she sailed as part of a minesweeping flotilla to clear a German minefield laid in the Humber at the very start of the First World War. The ship sank when a mine hit it on 2 September 1914. It was less than a month after Britain entered the war on 4 August.

His name of the war memorial is given as Charles W W Bracey but that is an error. He was the son of Frederick Bracey, later of Claxton. Walter’s name is on the Royal Navy memorial at Chatham in Kent.

On CWGC as Wilfred Bracey

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=3048530

No match on Norlink

Possibles from the 1901 Census

Charles born 1897 Thorpe next Norwich

Walter born 1895 Brooke

Wilfred born 1890 London Fulham and now resident Bergh Apton

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From EDP article

new.edp24.co.uk/content/news/storyrss.aspx?brand=EDPOnlin... May 2007 21:29:43:670

Alfred Cubitt

Possibly:-

Name: CUBITT, ALFRED ALEC ARNOLD Initials: A A A

Rank: Lance Serjeant Regiment/Service: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 9th Bn. Age: 25 Date of Death: 26/09/1915 Service No: 15534 Additional information: Son of Arthur Alfred and Helen Jessie Cubitt, of Syderstone, King's Lynn. Casualty Type: Commonwealth War Dead Grave/Memorial Reference: Panel 30 and 31. Memorial: LOOS MEMORIAL

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=730741

No obvious match on the 1901 Census.

26th September 1915 - the 2nd day of the battle of loos.

8.00am approx. The units of 21st and 24th Divisions had moved with great difficulty throughout the night, and had reached the advanced positions facing the enemy's second line, around Bois Hugo, Chalk Pit Wood, Chalet Wood and Hill 70 Redoubt. They were informed that a general attack had been ordered for 11.00am. First Army believed they had halted as ordered on the Lens-La Bassee road, and had been resting for some time.

1.00am A heavy attack by the German 117th Division was launched against the forward units of 7th and 9th Divisions between the Vermelles-Hulluch road and Fosse 8. It achieved complete surprise, catching wiring parties and isolated sections unawares. On the right, 20th Brigade pulled all advanced units back to the protection of Gun Trench. In the centre, the most forward units were in a shallow trench a hundred yards ahead of the Quarries. Their left had no contact with the 27th Brigade of 9th Division, which was somewhere away on their left. A reorganisation of scattered and mixed-up units was underway - under shellfire that included gas shells - when the German attack hit. The enemy entered the Quarries through the undefended gap to the North, and much confused and hand to hand fighting took place. By 1.30am the British troops had lost the Quarries. Further advance was halted by concentrated fire from the 2/Yorkshire and 1/South Staffordshire. 27th Brigade - who lost their CO, Brig-General Bruce, captured in the Quarries - withdrew from Fosse Alley in good order. A hastily arranged counterattack with the intention of retaking the Quarries was delivered at 6.45am by the dog-tired 9/Norfolks of 24th Division, but it was annihilated by consolidated enemy infantry

www.1914-1918.net/BATTLES/bat13_loos/bat.htm

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From EDP article

new.edp24.co.uk/content/news/storyrss.aspx?brand=EDPOnlin... May 2007 21:29:43:670

Edward Davey

Possibly

Name: DAVEY, EDWARD HENRY

Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Suffolk Regiment Unit Text: 1st Bn.

Age: 38 Date of Death: 08/10/1918 Service No: 40458

Additional information: Son of William and Eliza Davey, of King's Lane, Weston, Beccles, Suffolk.

Grave/Memorial Reference: 274. Cemetery: KIRECHKOI-HORTAKOI MILITARY CEMETERY

Historical information about the cemetery

XVI Corps Headquarters were at Kirechkoi from January 1916, soon after the opening of the Salonika campaign, until the advance to the Struma in September 1916. The cemetery was begun in March 1916, but it remained a very small one until September 1917, when the 60th, 65th and 66th General Hospitals came to the neighbourhood. In June, July and September 1918, other hospitals were brought to the high and healthy country beside the Salonika-Hortakoi road and in September 1918, the influenza epidemic began which raged for three months and filled three-quarters of the cemetery. The last burial took place in January 1919, but in 1937, 12 graves were brought into the cemetery from Salonika Protestant Cemetery where their permanent maintenance could not be assured. The cemetery now contains 588 Commonwealth burials of the First World War and 58 Bulgarian war graves. There are also 17 burials from the Second World War.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=332458

Possible matches from the 1901 census

Henry Davey Born 1880 Cley, now resident Upton with Fishley and working as a Joiner\Carpenter

Edward Davey Born 1882 Alpington, now resident Overstrand and working as a Bricklayers Labourer.

There is an Eliza Davey born 1843 Beccles and still resident there and a William born 1835, a Maltsters Labourer.

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Leonard William Ellis (Not on memorial or roll of honour)

Picture can be seen here

norlink.norfolk.gov.uk/02_Catalogue/02_013_PictureTitleIn...

Norlink notes:Copyright not traced. Signaller Ellis was born 27 September 1899, the son of Mr. & Mrs. William Ellis, of Alpington, Bergh Apton. He enlisted 2 December 1917 and died of fever, 6 February 1918

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2802962

Name: ELLIS, LEONARD WILLIAM

Rank: Ordinary Seaman Regiment/Service: Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve

Unit Text: R.N. Depot (Crystal Palace). Age: 18 Date of Death: 06/02/1918

Service No: Bristol Z/6964

Additional information: Son of William and Sophia Ellis, of Thurton, Norwich. Born at Bergh Apton.

Grave/Memorial Reference: North-East part. Cemetery: YELVERTON (ST. MARY) CHURCHYARD

There are 2 Leonard Ellis’s recorded on the 1901 census as being born in 1900, and both are from Norwich. The only likely match for Sophia Ellis is one born 1837 at Blofield and now resident Bergh Apton as a Farmer, but as that would make her 63 at the time of Leonard’s birth, I suspect Sophia is a family name.

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Victor Gillingwater

Roll of Honour: Victor George

Private 1st Battalion, Royal Marines Light Infantry (RMLI)

Victor died aged 20 on 17 February 1917 and is buried in Queen’s Cemetery, Bucquoy, near Arras, only a few kilometres from a sunken road between Grandcourt and Miraumont in which he died as part of an action included in a report to Parliament by General Douglas Haig in May of that year. Sixty-four Marines were killed.

On enlistment Gillingwater gave his address as Bussey Bridge, Bergh Apton. The discovery of an RMLI collar badge in the garden of a cottage at Bussey Bridge in 2003 gives us confidence that we have found his home and that of his parents George and Mary Gillingwater.

(A connection between Gillingwater and Alfred Rope, also of Bergh Apton, is included in the story of the latter)

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=558566

No match on Norlink

A small story about the discovery of Victor’s WW1 medals can be found here

forum.planetalk.net/viewtopic.php?p=54063&sid=1d099a0...

The 1901 Census has Victor as born 1898 Mundham, and still resident there. Other Gillingwaters in Mundham include,

Louisa (born 1837 Broome)

William (born 1840 Brooke) Ordinary Agricultural Labourer

George (born 1865 Thwaite) Ordinary Agricultural Labourer

Mary (born 1866 Loddon)

Florence (born 1890 Sizeland)

Violet (born 1892 Sizeland)

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Henry G V Greenacre

Roll of Honour: Henry George Valentine

Private 1st Battalion, Coldstream Guards.

Henry was killed aged 24 on 27 March 1916, only twenty-six days after his brother Charles died in Iraq. He is buried in the Menin Road South Cemetery at Ypres in Belgium.

Henry was baptised in Bergh Apton 13 March 1890, the only one of Hannah Greenacre’s six children to be born in her native village. His wife Louisa (née Keeler) was living in Brooke when he was killed but on the Electoral Roll of 1939 she is recorded as living with her parents at the Hellington Bell public house in Bergh Apton where her father was landlord. She is buried in Bergh Apton’s churchyard.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=96254

No match on Norlink

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Charles W Greenacre

Roll of Honour:Charles William

Private 2nd Battalion, the Norfolk Regiment.

The date of Charles Greenacre’s death is given as 22 April 1916. At that time the Norfolk’s 2nd Battalion was part of Major General Charles Townsend’s force besieged by the Turks at Kut al Amara. Charles may have died of starvation or disease during last week of the siege that ended on 29th April 1916. It was, after Gallipoli, Britain’s second greatest WW1 military disaster.

There is, however, a second possibility, involving a British force sent to relieve Kut. It included a unit nicknamed ‘The Norsets’ (comprising men of both the Norfolk and Dorset Regiments) and he may well have been a part of that unit that came up against the Turks at Sanniyat on the River Tigris. In the ensuing action, on the day he is reported to have been killed, the Norsets lost forty four men and he may well have been amongst them.

The whole attack failed, and its failure led directly to Townsend’s decision to surrender the Kut garrison to General Khalil Pasha.

He is remembered on the British War Memorial in Iraq, originally erected in Basrah, but moved to Al Nasiriyah in 1997 on the orders of the Iraqi government. It was badly damaged in the more recent conflict but has now been restored and re-dedicated.

Charles was born in Westwick in north Norfolk but his mother Hannah (née Loyd) was a Bergh Apton girl who had returned to her native village by the time of Charles’s death. She and her husband William and family lived at 4, Sunnyside.

Charles’s brother Henry (q.v. below) was also killed in this war

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=865541

No match on Norlink

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Freeman Harber

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=878916

Name: HARBER, FREEMAN

Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 1st Bn.

Age: 32 Date of Death: 15/09/1914 Service No: 7138

Additional information: Son of Horace and Lucy Harber, of Bergh Apton, Norwich; husband of Harriet M. Harber, of Rockland St. Mary, Norwich.

War Dead Memorial: LA FERTE-SOUS-JOUARRE MEMORIAL

No match on Norlink

There are no likely matches for Freeman, Horace or Lucy on the 1901 Census. However given the date of his death and the fact that he was serving with the 1st Battalion, would indicate that Freeman was a peacetime soldier who probably signed on in his teens.

Freeman is also listed on the Rockland St Mary Roll of Honour

www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/RocklandStMary.html

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Albert E Harvey

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=682818

Name: HARVEY, ALBERT EDWARD

Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Essex Regiment Unit Text: 1st Bn.

Date of Death: 13/08/1915 Service No: 20579

Additional information: Son of Mrs. Lucy Hannah Harvey, of White Heath Rd., Bergh Apton, Norwich.

Grave/Memorial Reference: Panel 144 to 150 or 229 to 233. Memorial: HELLES MEMORIAL

No match on Norlink

A scan of a press cutting regarding the sinking of the transport ship Royal Edward, with a loss of over 1,000 troops and crew. The thread that follows contains a couple of links relating to the sinking, plus the efforts to have Albert Harvey added to the memorial.

1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/lofiversion/index.php/t...

1901 Census has a Albert Harvey, born 1873 Ellingham and now resident Beccles, and an Albert Harvey born 1877 Thurton and now resident Langley.

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Ernest J Hunt

Possibly: www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=794382

Name: HUNT, ERNEST JAMES Rank: Private

Regiment/Service: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 1st Bn.

Age: 34 Date of Death: 27/07/1916 Service No: 3/10403

Additional information: Son of Arthur and Emily Hunt; husband of Edith Mary Hunt, of 33, Swansea Rd., Norwich.

Grave/Memorial Reference: Pier and Face 1 C and 1 D. Memorial: THIEPVAL MEMORIAL

No match on Norlink

Died the same day as Herbert Thrower.

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Sidney Richard Kedge

Roll of Honour

Private 6th Battalion, The Queen’s (Royal West Surrey) Regiment.

Sidney was killed, aged 21, on Saturday, 8th July 1916. His body was never found and he is remembered on the Thiepval Memorial.

We can at present find no village connection to explain why he is on the memorial in Bergh Apton but there is only one man of this name in the entire Commonwealth War Graves Commission record for the First World War so it is likely to be him.

A man of the right age was born in Eynsford in Kent whose father Richard Kedge was a farm labourer and his work might have brought him to Bergh Apton. We shall keep searching for the reason amongst the records.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=797453

No match on Norlink

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Sydney George Keeler

Roll of Honour Sydney George Keeler

Private 41st Bn, Machine Gun Corps (Infantry)

Sydney Keeler was killed on 25th July 1918 and is buried in the war cemetery at Lijssenthoek near Poperinge in Belgium, a little to the west of Ypres.

At nineteen years of age he, with Walter Bracey, was the youngest of our village men to die.

He was the son of John and Martha Keeler of Cooke’s Road on the borders of Bergh Apton and Thurton.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=145308

No match on Norlink

Brief mention on a Keeler family website

freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~nickkeeler/wil...

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Ernest Albert Leeder

Roll of Honour

Private 11th Battalion, Australian Infantry.

Ernest had emigrated to Australia in 1912 and enlisted in the Australian infantry on 24 January 1916 in Bunberry. He died on 16 April 1917 but his body was never recovered. He is remembered on the impressive Australian Memorial at Villers-Bretonneux near Amiens.

We have no record of precisely how he died but many men in his battalion died that day in a fierce fight at the village of Lagnicourt in which they ran out of ammunition, and where Lieutenant Charles Pope was awarded a posthumous Victoria Cross.

His enlistment papers tell us that his brother farmed at Town Farm and his mother Sophia Maria Leeder farmed at the neighbouring Valley Farm on Welbeck Road. She had lost her husband Edmund only the year before she lost this son.

As well as being remembered on Bergh Apton’s own memorial Ernest’s name is included on the memorial in the park at Donnybrook in Western Australia, and on the Roll of Honour in the town’s Memorial Hall.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1455671

No match on Norlink

A digital copy of Ernest’s enlistment papers and military records can be seen here

naa12.naa.gov.au/scripts/imagine.asp?B=8195302&I=1&am...

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Sidney Herbert Marks

Roll of Honour

probably Sidney Herbert Marks, Private 1st Bn, The Essex Regiment

It is not yet proven, but we are confident that this is the man recorded on our Memorial. He was killed on 8 October 1917 and that date fits with an entry in Bergh Apton parish church’s Register of Services that records a memorial service held for Private S Marks on 2 December 1917. The very fact that a memorial service was held for him also suggests that he had a close connection in some way with the village.

The Commonwealth War Graves Commission records that his wife lived in Norwich, only six miles away, so the next step in research will begin there.

The CWGC record also says that he was ‘employed by the late Captain Lord Richard Wellesley of the Grenadier Guards’ (who had died on 29 October 1914). This intriguing note may give us something else to go on in further researches into Sidney, one of only two people who remain a complete mystery to us.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1634456

Son of Mr. R. I. Marks, (Journalist), of Clapham Junction, London; husband of Rhoda Marks, of 68, Edinburgh Rd., Norwich. Employed by the late Captain Lord Richard Wellesley (Grenadier Guards).

No match on Norlink

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Harry Samuel Mayes

Roll of Honour

Private 7th Battalion the Norfolk Regiment.

Harry was killed 1 October 1915 but his body was never found. His name is on the Loos Memorial at Lens in the Pas de Calais (the spot known as ‘Dud Corner’). Army records have only one soldier of this name killed so we are confident that this is the man on our Memorial, but we have yet to find detail of his particular part of the widespread Mayes family that lived in the village.

By sad co-incidence, when researching his details in the Records Office, we noticed that his birth was recorded on the same page of the Registry of Births as that of Walter Wilfred Bracey (q.v.) who had been killed in 1914.

There are actually numerous H Mayes on the CWGC website, but no Harry Samuel.

There is a Harry Stanley Mayes who comes from Norwich

Son of the late William Mayes; husband of Beatrix Mayes, of 277, Armistice Terrace, Sprowston Rd., Norwich.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=780834

There are no additional details for the Harry Mayes who was killed on the 1st October 1915.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=736015

No match on Norlink

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Ronald J Mitchell

No match on Norlink

No match on CWGC

1901 Census Throws up no likely matches

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Albert William Parker

Roll of Honour

Pioneer, 392 Road Construction Company, Royal Engineers.

Albert was killed on 9 February 1917 and is buried in St Pol Communal Cemetery Extension at St Pol sur Ternoise in the Pas de Calais.

He was the husband of Rose Parker and lived at Hellington Corner in Bergh Apton. There is an interesting footnote here in that the Unknown Warrior who is buried in Westminster Abbey to represent all the dead of the First World War was taken from this Cemetery.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=591156

No match on Norlink

1901 Census has a William Parker, born 1876 Bergh Apton and still resident there, working as a Jobbing Gardener

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John H Preston DCM

No match on CWGC

No match on Norlink

The researchers scoured the EDP archives, where they found the name of the most elusive man to be added, John Preston, of the 2nd Battalion the Norfolk Regiment, who was awarded the DCM (Distinguished Conduct Medal). He was decorated for his bravery in the Battle of Barjiseyah Wood, south of Basra, in 1915 but died in Bombay in 1920 while serving in the city's police force.

new.edp24.co.uk/content/news/storyrss.aspx?brand=EDPOnlin... May 2007 21:29:43:670

1901 Census has a John Preston born 1890 Bergh Apton

Most of the 2nd Battalion were trapped during the siege of Kut, and following the surrender of that garrison endured what was tantamount to a death march. It is estimated that over 70% of the men taken prisoner at Kut died on the subsequent march or whilst in captivity.

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Leonard Godfrey Rope

Roll of Honour

Private 31st Battalion, Canadian Infantry (the Alberta Regiment).

Alfred Rope’s brother Leonard was killed at St Eloi aged 27 on 7 April 1916 but his body was never found. He is remembered on the Menin Gate at Ypres in Belgium.

His parents Aaron and Ellen Alice Rope farmed at Holly Farm on Loddon Road. He enlisted as a volunteer in Calgary Alberta on 8 April 1915 - his 27th birthday but we have few details of his travels between Bergh Apton and western Canada except that he left this village in about 1912.

He joined the 31st Battalion (Alberta Regiment), part of the Canadian Army’s 5th Brigade that became known as the “Iron Fifth” for its exploits under the command of Lt Colonel (later Brigadier General) Ketchen.

His death may well have occurred in an event recorded by G E Hewitt in his book ‘History of 28th Battalion’ (Charles and Son, London) that records the war of one of the the 31st’s sister battalions:

‘April 7, 1916. An attack was made during the night of April 6 - 7 on craters 4 & 5 by bombing parties from 25th, 28th and 31st Battalions led by Lt Murphy of 25th Battalion. They reported that, despite heavy rain and shellfire, they got quite close to the craters before being repulsed. In fact, they lost their way in the dark and occupied a group of craters north of crater 4 and, though they captured several small German patrols, they had failed to even identify their objective correctly’.

Hewitt goes on to say ‘The following night, April 7 - 8, the 6th Brigade was relieved after suffering 617 casualties in the preceding four days of fighting’.

It is probable that Leonard was amongst the 617 men who died in the fighting in one of those raiding parties. It had been the eve of his twenty-eighth birthday.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1595690

No match on Norlink

Leonard’s enlistment papers can be seen here

collectionscanada.ca/databases/cef/001042-119.02-e.php?im...

What reads like the Battalions’ Medical Officers report can be seen here:

data2.collectionscanada.ca/e/e039/e000974916.jpg

data2.collectionscanada.ca/e/e039/e000974917.jpg

In a separate letter the medical officer explains that the R.A.P (for Emergency treatment) at VOORMEZEELE was shared with the 28th and 29th battalions, and was manned by the medical officers from those battalions. Most of the wounded from the 31st battalion were in the trench sector adjoining those battalions, and so went to Voormezeele rather than through his post.

“6th April 1916.

2-k All wounded in Aid Post cleared.

3-30k A most terrific concentrated enemy bombardment is taking place on our position in front of and about ST ELOI, using trench torpedoes and shells of all kinds and sizes. Hundreds of shells must be bursting every minute. We must expect heavy casualties, especially by way of VOORMEZEELE. Bombardment contiues all day from both sides. Wounded coming in tell of German Infantry attack being repulsed on our battalion front, but enemy is reported to be in crater to right of our front.

We dress and send out wounded all morning and afternoon, practicaly all walking cases.

Stretcher bearer Avery comes in with Shell wound in back. Avery dressed wounded continuously for forty eight hours under shell fire and carried on for some time after being hit.

Capt MacPherson is wounded by bomb and is sent out.

Cases of shattered nerves are coming in. The worst of these I send to Field Ambulance, but the majority I allow to lie down in an adjoining dugout. There are only half dozen cases. Some men that have been buried by shells I also keep at R.A.P dugout.

18-k Bombardment has died down. Many dead and wounded are reported from front line.

70 bearers from No.6 Field Ambulance are to help clear wounded from right section towards Voormezeele after dark.

“C” Coy, holding centre of our Battalion front reports several badly wounded men.

20-k I leave Battalion Headquarters, with Major Hewgill and Corporal Bright and a party of men, for the front line, to bring out wounded.

21-k to 24 - k. I redress a number of wounded men in front line, among them Sergeant Proven with a bad compound fracture of the thigh.

Front trenches here are pretty well battered to pieces. Raining hard.

7th April 1916.

5k Last wounded men just cleared to Field Ambulance.

11-k Morning has been fairly quiet after uproar of yesterday, but there is still considerable artillery firing.

A number are coming in with chilled, sodden feet. They are chiefly men of “A” Company who were in mud and water for forty eight hours in crater before being relieved by “D” Coy. We have them wash their feet in cold water, dry and apply whale from a can found in shelled dugout. We supply dry socks when possible.

Corporal dace, Sanitary NCO, is given a squad of partially recovered nerve cases and starts in to clean up about R.A.P, and Battn Headquarters.

17-k. Another furious enemy bombardment of one hour duration on our right section. Battalion expect to be relieved tonight by 19th Battalion”

More details from the unit diary for this period can be found here

data2.collectionscanada.ca/e/e039/e000974924.jpg

data2.collectionscanada.ca/e/e039/e000974925.jpg

No mention of a trench raid or bombing party.

A description of the defensive actions taken by the 31st during the period 6th / 7th April can be seen in these extracts from the commanding officers’ report for the period,

data2.collectionscanada.ca/e/e039/e000974958.jpg

data2.collectionscanada.ca/e/e039/e000974959.jpg

The battalions casualty list has Leonard down as killed in action, 7th April, the only man from B Company to die on this day, presumably as a result of shelling or sniping.

data2.collectionscanada.ca/e/e039/e000974964.jpg

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Alfred Hubert Rope

Roll of Honour

Private Royal Marines Light Infantry (RMLI)

Alfred Rope died aged 23 on 5 May 1917. He is one of 10,769 soldiers buried in Etaples Military Cemetery close to the British Expeditionary Force’s main base that included a military hospital complex where, even ten months after the final Armistice in September 1919, three hospitals and a QMAAC convalescent depot remained to treat men seriously wounded in battle.

Alfred Rope was the one of the two sons of Aaron and Ellen Alice Rope of Holly Farm on Loddon Road, both of whom was to be killed within a little over a year.

His Birth Certificate records him as Alfred Hubert and in the 1901 Census he is listed as Herbert, but his CWGC record has him as Hubert Alfred. We can be confident that he was called Hubert in the village as it was that name entered in the church service record by the Reverend Harvey Thursby after his Memorial service on 8 June 1917.

He volunteered for the Royal Marines on exactly the same date and at the same London recruiting office as his near-neighbour Victor Gillingwater (q.v.). Even their service numbers are consecutive. Victor lived at Bussey Bridge – literally a few hundred yards from the Rope farmstead, and it seems clear that these boys were friends who went to London together to enlist for the great adventure, and died within a month of each other in 1917.

CWGC lists as Hubert Alfred

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=505345

No match on Norlink

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Aubrey Samuel Stone

Roll of Honour

Lance Corporal 9th Battalion, the Norfolk Regiment.

Aubrey was killed on 17 September 1916 but his body was never recovered and he is remembered on the Thiepval Memorial together with Sidney Kedge (q.v.).

Commonwealth War Graves Commission records do not include his next-of-kin but he was the son of John and Mary Stone of The Street in Bergh Apton, and he was one of eleven children. His mother’s maiden name was Bracey so he may also have been related to Walter Wilfred Bracey (q.v.). Aubrey’s nephew John Clemence still lives at Davy Place in Loddon

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1554813

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Herbert Thrower

Also gets a mention on the Roll of Honour for Hellington

www.roll-of-honour.com/Norfolk/Hellington.html

new.edp24.co.uk/content/news/storyrss.aspx?brand=EDPOnlin... May 2007 21:29:43:670

Name: THROWER, HERBERT CHARLES

Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 1st Bn.

Date of Death: 27/07/1916 Service No: 18978

Grave/Memorial Reference: Pier and Face 1 C and 1 D. Memorial: THIEPVAL MEMORIAL

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=816263

1901 Census has a Herbert Thrower born Bergh Apton 1883 and still resident there, working as an Agricultural Labourer.. Other Thrower’s on the 1901 Census includes:

Albert born 1887 and working as an Agricultural Labourer.

Maud born 1889

Florence born 1891

Emma born 1896

Bertie born 1900

The CWGC site has three Albert Thrower’s including this one who is also from the 1st Battalion:- www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=724359

Died the same day as Ernest Hunt.

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Walter Thrower

new.edp24.co.uk/content/news/storyrss.aspx?brand=EDPOnlin... May 2007 21:29:43:670

Probably

Name: THROWER, WALTER A. Initials: W A Nationality: United Kingdom Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Border Regiment Unit Text: 7th Bn. Date of Death: 08/08/1916 Service No: 23150 Casualty Type: Commonwealth War Dead Grave/Memorial Reference: Pier and Face 6 A and 7 C. Memorial: THIEPVAL MEMORIAL

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=816265

There are numerous Walter Thrower’s on the 1901 Census from Norwich and villages to the east of Norwich, but none from this part of Norfolk.

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Clement Sidney Wall

Roll of Honour

Private 8th Battalion the Norfolk Regiment.

Clement had three other brothers who all fought in the Great War and survived. He was killed aged 29 on 11 August 1917 and is buried in the Railway Ground at Zillebeke near Ypres.

He was the son of Leonard and Anna Maria Wall of The Street in Bergh Apton, and uncle to Joy Lester of this village, Anna Stratton of Thurton and to Olive Hudson of Harleston. His parents and his sister Lily Scarles are buried in Bergh Apton churchyard.

Clement worked for Mr Redgrave the builder of The Beeches in Threadneedle Street. His niece Anna Stratton told us that he was a runner of some repute who would often pay small children a half-penny or a penny to time him on training runs. On one occasion he ran to Denton to take part in a race, won the race, and ran home again. The round-trip distance he ran just to take part was over thirty-six miles!

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=490874

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Charles Daniel Weddup

Roll of Honour

Private, 1st Battalion, Coldstream Guards

Charles was one of two village men to die in the service of this famous Regiment raised in the Scottish borders. He was killed on 17 October 1915 but like so many has no known grave. His name is on the same Loos Memorial as that of Harry Mayes who died only two weeks before him.

We have no details yet of his family but his birth is recorded in the Norwich register for the June Quarter of 1895. When we check that it may link him to Annie Weddup who lived in The Street in Bergh Apton at the beginning of the war.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=736897

No match on Norlink

The 1901 Census lists a Charles for 1882, born at Stoke Holy Cross and was now resident Carleton.

There are numerous Weddup’s from villages close to Bergh Apton, but assuming that all the Weddup’s listed as living in Carleton in the 1901 Census are one family, then they could be a picture of life at the bottom of the agricultural labouring ladder.

Rosa born 1862 Shottesham

Charles born 1882 Stoke Holy Cross Profession: Horseman on Farm

William born 1887 Alpington Profession: Worker on Farm

Annie born 1890 Bergh Apton

Bessie born 1892 Alpington

Daniel born 1895 Seething

Charles is the only Weddup listed as dying in WW1.

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James Robert Wright

Roll of Honour

P/7989, Lance Corporal, Military Police Corps (The Red Caps).

James was 33 years old when he died of fever on 17 December 1918, over a month after the Armistice, aboard a hospital ship in the harbour at Alexandria.

He is buried in Cairo War Memorial Cemetery. His parents Robert and Elizabeth Wright of Sunnyside Bergh Apton are buried in our churchyard. His wife Annie Elizabeth Wright is also buried here.

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=113933

No match on Norlink

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WW2

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Eric B Barnes

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2491394

Name: BARNES, ERIC BENJAMIN

Rank: Leading Signalman Regiment/Service: Royal Navy

Unit Text: H.M. Submarine Phoenix Age: 25 Date of Death: 21/07/1940

Service No: P/JX 134697

Additional information: Son of Benjamin and Edith Eliza Barnes, of Brooke, Norfolk. Grave/Memorial Reference: Panel 40, Column 2. Memorial: PORTSMOUTH NAVAL MEMORIAL

At least one site has the Phoenix as reported lost on the 16th July 1940

www.naval-history.net/xDKCas1940-07JUL.htm

All crew are listed as missing, presumed killed.

After completion in 1930 she was deployed on the China Station in the 4th Submarine Flotilla. In 1940 this Flotilla was transferred from Hong Kong to the Mediterranean where they arrived in May of that year.

During a patrol in July she reported Italian warship movements and a few days later was sunk off Sicily

www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-12SS-02P-Phoenix.htm

On July 16, 1940, the HMS Phoenix was patrolling the Western Ionian Sea, when she spotted and torpedoed the Italian tanker Dora off the Italian base of Augusta (Eastern Sicily).

The British submarine was counterattacked by the Italian topedo boat Albatros, whose depth charges sank the HMS Phoenix

www.sportesport.it/wrecksSI030.htm

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Maurice C Barnes

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2463415

Name: BARNES, MAURICE CHARLES

Rank: Petty Officer Regiment/Service: Royal Navy Unit Text: H.M.S. Seal

Age: 24 Date of Death: 09/09/1940 Service No: C/JX 137224

Additional information: Son of Benjamin and Edith Eliza Barnes, of Brooke, Norfolk. Grave/Memorial Reference: Panel 83. Memorial: CHATHAM NAVAL MEMORIAL

“They also found Maurice Barnes, a survivor of the capture of the submarine HMS Seal by the Germans in the Baltic. He later escaped from a prisoner of war camp in Poland but was shot by Russian border guards in 1940.”

new.edp24.co.uk/content/news/storyrss.aspx?brand=EDPOnlin... May 2007 21:29:43:670

May 1940

4th Entered Kattegat and encounter HMS NARWHAL returning from minelay.

5th Under air attack without serious damage.

Sighted enemy trawlers and decided to carry out lay in in alternative area.

Under anti-submarine search and during evasive manoeuvres detonated mine and sustained major damage which resulted in submarine being stuck in the mud on sea bed.

Obliged to surface when air became foul.

When unable to surface released drop keel and blew reserve tanks which enable submarine to surface.

Under series of air attacks which totally disabled submarine.

submarine was later towed to Frederickshaven, Denmark and crew were taken PoW

www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-12SS-05Grampus-Seal.htm

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Leonard Cain

Roll of Honour - Leonard Walter George

Private 7th Battalion, the Royal Norfolk Regiment.

Leonard was 24 when he was killed on 8 August 1944 as the British Army advanced through Normandy following the D-Day landings.

He died during an action that pitted the 7th Royal Norfolks against tanks of the 12th Panzer Division outside the village of Grimbosq on the River Orne some 17 kilometres south of Caen. In this action Major David Jamieson, commanding Leonard Cain’s Company, won the Victoria Cross.

Leonard was the husband of Miriam and the son of Walter and Clara Elizabeth Cain of Framingham Pigot and later of Prospect Place, Bergh Apton. He is buried in Bayeux Cemetery

CWGC: www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2955717

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Robert K Gidney

new.edp24.co.uk/content/news/storyrss.aspx?brand=EDPOnlin... May 2007 21:29:43:670

Probably

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2764188

Name: GIDNEY, ROBERT KITCHENER

Rank: Driver Regiment/Service: Royal Army Service Corps

Age: 25 Date of Death: 18/11/1941 Service No: T/204681

Additional information: Son of Mr. and Mrs. J. Gidney, husband of V. M. Gidney, of Norwich.

Grave/Memorial Reference: Sec. 54. Grave 551. Cemetery: NORWICH CEMETERY, Norfolk

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Henry Hood

new.edp24.co.uk/content/news/storyrss.aspx?brand=EDPOnlin... May 2007 21:29:43:670

Probably

Name: HOOD, HENRY JOHN

Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Essex Regiment Unit Text: 1/4th Bn. Age: 19

Date of Death: 26/07/1944 Service No: 14415798

Additional information: Son of Albert and Mary Elizabeth Hood, of Lakenham, Norwich, Norfolk.

Grave/Memorial Reference: V. C. 22. Cemetery: AREZZO WAR CEMETERY

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2097407

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Jack Lovewell

Roll of Honour

Sergeant 75th (RNZAF) Squadron, RAF Volunteer Reserve

Jack was killed aged 21 on Monday, 16 August 1943 on a raid over the Gironde Estuary (Bay of Biscay) where his aircraft was lost. His body was never found and he is remembered on the RAF Memorial at Runnymede.

He was an Air Gunner, trained in Canada and part of a Squadron of which the original nucleus was Wellington bombers contributed by the New Zealand government and flown by Kiwis. His own crew, flying in a Short Stirling bomber and engaged on a mine-laying (‘gardening’) mission, was flown and navigated by New Zealanders and had a Canadian bomb aimer. Jack was the rear gunner.

He was the son of Arthur and Ethel Lovewell who ran the village shop on Threadneedle Street and owned much of the land around the crossroads where Threadneedle Street and Mill Road meet in Bergh Apton. They are buried in our churchyard but his brother Brian, at the time of writing (August 2005) is still alive and living in Lincolnshire.

CWGC: www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=1078952

Stirling EE891 Information

TypeStirling

Serial NumberEE891

Squadron75

X1DAA-Q

OperationGardening

Date 115th August 1943

Date 216th August 1943

EF316 were converted to Mk.1V. Delivered by Short & Harland between May43 and Jul43. Contract No.774677/38. Delivered to No.75 Sqdn 20Jun43.

Airborne 2049 15Aug43 from Mepal to lay mines in the Gironde Estuary. Cause of loss not established. Crashed in the sea. Three are buried in Olonne-sur-mer Communal Cemetery; F/S Costello is buried in les Sables-d_Olonne (la Chaume) New Communal Cemetery, while F/O Turnbull and Sgt Lovewell are commemorated on the Runnymede Memorial.

F/S N.B.Whitts RNZAF KIA

Sgt F.D.Mason KIA

F/O J.G.Turnbull RNZAF KIA

F/S M.Costello RCAF KIA

Sgt R.F.Andrews KIA

Sgt E.G.Crisp KIA

Sgt J.E.Lovewell KIA "

www.lostbombers.co.uk/bomber.php?id=6902

Some of these crewmen could even be on these photograph of 75 Squadron that is believed to have been taken sometime in 1943.

www.commanet.org/reflect.aspx?action=navigate&rec=500...

And could this be the crew of AA-Q?

www.commanet.org/reflect.aspx?action=navigate&rec=500...

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Archibald Mayes

Roll of Honour

Leading Seaman, Royal Navy.

Archie died on 19 Feb 1941 while serving in HMS Warspite in the Mediterranean. We have been told by the son of a shipmate that he was the victim of an infection rather than injury. He is buried in Ramla (formerly Ralmeh) War Cemetery in Palestine, 12 kilometres south-east of Jaffa. We understand - and hope - that this is a different place from the Rameleh where so much destruction has taken place in recent fighting.

Archie was the brother of Jack Mayes (q.v.) who died later that year. His family lived at Prospect Place in Bergh Apton, on the A146 between Norwich and Lowestoft.

CWGC: Archie Russell Mayes www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2220064

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Jack Mayes

Roll of Honour (John Arthur)

Petty Officer (Cook), Royal Navy

Jack Mayes served in the Destroyer HMS Cossack and was killed aged 38 on the night of 23 October 1941 when the Tribal class Destroyer was torpedoed and sank in the Mediterranean with the loss of 158 lives.

His body was not recovered and he is remembered on the Royal Navy Memorial in Portsmouth. He was the brother of Archie Mayes (q.v. above).

CWGC does only one Jack Mayes, who was an Australian infantryman who died during the fall of Singapore, (service number NX/35164, from Wagga Wagga New South Wales).

.The details on the Roll of Honour relate to a John Arthur Mayes. In the additional information on the CWGC site is the information:- “Son of Thomas William and Agnes Mayes; husband of Nellie Dorothy Mayes, of Elson, Hampshire.”

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2657177

Under attacks by submarines of BRESLAU Group during

which ship was hit by torpedo from U563 in position

35.36N 10.04W whilst stationed astern of convoy.

Structure forward for bridge demolished killing the

Captain and 158 of ship’s company. Survivors abandoned

ship which remained afloat.

www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-10DD-34Tribal-Cossack1.htm

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Charles Podd

Roll of Honour Herbert Charles George

1474624, Gunner, 74th Field Regiment, Royal Artillery.

Herbert was killed aged 26 on 28 June 1942 serving with the 8th Army in the Western Desert and is remembered on the Alamein Memorial in Egypt, having no known grave. His family was from Norwich but parents Herbert and Rose rented a house on Threadneedle Street in Bergh Apton during the war having been bombed out of their house in the city.

CWGC: www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2123887

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Albert E H Starman

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2072290

Name: STARMAN, ALBERT EDWARD Initials: A E

Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Royal Norfolk Regiment Unit Text: 4th Bn. Age: 25 Date of Death: 21/09/1944 Service No: 5773302

Additional information: Son of Frank and Daisy Starman; husband of Wilma E. Starman, of Thurlton, Norfolk.

Grave/Memorial Reference: Column 52. Memorial: SINGAPORE MEMORIAL

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William L Tolver

new.edp24.co.uk/content/news/storyrss.aspx?brand=EDPOnlin... May 2007 21:29:43:670

Name: TOLVER, WILLIAM LEONARD

Rank: Private Regiment/Service: Suffolk Regiment Unit Text: 1st Bn. Age: 20

Date of Death: 23/07/1944 Service No: 5782848

Additional information: Son of George William and Edith Maria Tolver, of Wramplingham, Norfolk.

Grave/Memorial Reference: II. E. 20. Cemetery: BANNEVILLE-LA-CAMPAGNE WAR CEMETERY

www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty=2323995

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My great surrender... by Assay Rez

6

a-world-in-a-grain-of-sand-sl.blogspot.com/2014/10/my-gre...

Bryullov's "Crucifixion", 1838. Three Marys are depicted (the Mother of God, Mary of Cleopas and Mary Magdalene), John the Theologian and Joseph of Arimathea, mourning near the crucified Christ. Russian Museum, Inzhenernaya St., Saint-Petersburg, Russia. by Alexander SACALEVIC

41 4

traveladventureeverywhere.blogspot.com/2024/06/saint-pete...

.

ALBANIA

Albanian Trilogy: A Series of Devious Stratagems

Armando Lulaj

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marco Scotini. Deputy Curator: Andris Brinkmanis. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

ANDORRA

Inner Landscapes

Roqué, Joan Xandri

Commissioner: Henry Périer. Deputy Commissioner: Joana Baygual, Sebastià Petit, Francesc Rodríguez

Curator: Paolo de Grandis, Josep M. Ubach. Venue: Spiazzi, Castello 3865

ANGOLA

On Ways of Travelling

António Ole, Binelde Hyrcan, Délio Jasse, Francisco Vidal, Nelo Teixeira

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Rita Guedes Tavares. Curator: António Ole. Deputy Curator: Antonia Gaeta. Venue: Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello - Palazzo Pisani, San Marco 2810

ARGENTINA

The Uprising of Form

Juan Carlos Diste´fano

Commissioner: Magdalena Faillace. Curator: Mari´a Teresa Constantin. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

ARMENIA, Republic of

Armenity / Haiyutioun

Haig Aivazian, Lebanon; Nigol Bezjian, Syria/USA; Anna Boghiguian Egypt/Canada; Hera Büyüktasçiyan, Turkey; Silvina Der-Meguerditchian, Argentina/Germany; Rene Gabri & Ayreen Anastas, Iran/Palestine/USA; Mekhitar Garabedian, Belgium; Aikaterini Gegisian, Greece; Yervant Gianikian & Angela Ricci Lucchi, Italy; Aram Jibilian, USA; Nina Katchadourian, USA/Finland; Melik Ohanian, France; Mikayel Ohanjanyan, Armenia/Italy; Rosana Palazyan, Brazil; Sarkis, Turkey/France; Hrair Sarkissian, Syria/UK

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Armenia. Deputy Commissioner: Art for the World, Mekhitarist Congregation of San Lazzaro Island, Embassy of the Republic of Armenia in Italy, Vartan Karapetian. Curator: Adelina Cüberyan von Fürstenberg. Venue: Monastery and Island of San Lazzaro degli Armeni

AUSTRALIA

Fiona Hall: Wrong Way Time

Fiona Hall

Commissioner: Simon Mordant AM. Deputy Commissioner: Charles Green. Curator: Linda Michael. Scientific Committee: Simon Mordant AM, Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev, Max Delany, Rachel Kent, Danie Mellor, Suhanya Raffel, Leigh Robb. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

AUSTRIA

Heimo Zobernig

Commissioner: Yilmaz Dziewior. Curator: Yilmaz Dziewior. Scientific Committee: Friends of the Venice Biennale. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

AZERBAIJAN, Republic of

Beyond the Line

Ashraf Murad, Javad Mirjavadov, Tofik Javadov, Rasim Babayev, Fazil Najafov, Huseyn Hagverdi, Shamil Najafzada

Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: de Pury de Pury, Emin Mammadov. Venue: Palazzo Lezze, Campo S.Stefano, San Marco 2949

Vita Vitale

Edward Burtynsky, Mircea Cantor, Loris Cecchini, Gordon Cheung, Khalil Chishtee, Tony Cragg, Laura Ford, Noemie Goudal, Siobhán Hapaska, Paul Huxley, IDEA laboratory and Leyla Aliyeva, Chris Jordan with Rebecca Clark and Helena S.Eitel, Tania Kovats, Aida Mahmudova, Sayyora Muin, Jacco Olivier, Julian Opie, Julian Perry, Mike Perry, Bas Princen, Stephanie Quayle, Ugo Rondinone, Graham Stevens, Diana Thater, Andy Warhol, Bill Woodrow, Erwin Wurm, Rose Wylie

Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: Artwise: Susie Allen, Laura Culpan, Dea Vanagan. Venue: Ca’ Garzoni, San Marco 3416

BELARUS, Republic of

War Witness Archive

Konstantin Selikhanov

Commissioner: Natallia Sharanhovich. Deputy Commissioners: Alena Vasileuskaya, Kamilia Yanushkevich. Curators: Aleksei Shinkarenko, Olga Rybchinskaya. Scientific Committee: Dmitry Korol, Daria Amelkovich, Julia Kondratyuk, Sergei Jeihala, Sheena Macfarlane, Yuliya Heisik, Hanna Samarskaya, Taras Kaliahin, Aliaksandr Stasevich. Venue: Riva San Biagio, Castello 2145

BELGIUM

Personnes et les autres

Vincent Meessen and Guests, Mathieu K. Abonnenc, Sammy Baloji, James Beckett, Elisabetta Benassi, Patrick Bernier & Olive Martin, Tamar Guimara~es & Kasper Akhøj, Maryam Jafri, Adam Pendleton

Commissioner: Wallonia-Brussels Federation and Wallonia-Brussels International. Curator: Katerina Gregos. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

COSTA RICA

"Costa Rica, Paese di pace, invita a un linguaggio universale d'intesa tra i popoli".

Andrea Prandi, Beatrice Gallori, Beth Parin, Biagio Schembari, Carla Castaldo, Celestina Avanzini, Cesare Berlingeri, Erminio Tansini, Fabio Capitanio, Fausto Beretti, Giovan Battista Pedrazzini, Giovanni Lamberti, Giovanni Tenga, Iana Zanoskar, Jim Prescott, Leonardo Beccegato, Liliana Scocco, Lucia Bolzano, Marcela Vicuna, Marco Bellagamba, Marco Lodola, Maria Gioia dell’Aglio, Mario Bernardinello, Massimo Meucci, Nacha Piattini, Omar Ronda, Renzo Eusebi, Tita Patti, Romina Power, Rubens Fogacci, Silvio di Pietro, Stefano Sichel, Tino Stefanoni, Ufemia Ritz, Ugo Borlenghi, Umberto Mariani, Venere Chillemi, Jacqueline Gallicot Madar, Massimo Onnis, Fedora Spinelli

Commissioner: Ileana Ordonez Chacon. Curator: Gregorio Rossi. Venue: Palazzo Bollani

CROATIA

Studies on Shivering: The Third Degree

Damir Ocko

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marc Bembekoff. Venue: Palazzo Pisani, S. Marina

CUBA

El artista entre la individualidad y el contexto

Lida Abdul, Celia-Yunior, Grethell Rasúa, Giuseppe Stampone, LinYilin, Luis Edgardo Gómez Armenteros, Olga Chernysheva, Susana Pilar Delahante Matienzo

Commissioner: Miria Vicini. Curators: Jorge Fernández Torres, Giacomo Zaza. Venue: San Servolo Island

CYPRUS, Republic of

Two Days After Forever

Christodoulos Panayiotou

Commissioner: Louli Michaelidou. Deputy Commissioner: Angela Skordi. Curator: Omar Kholeif. Deputy Curator: Daniella Rose King. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, Sestiere San Marco 3079

CZECH Republic and SLOVAK Republic

Apotheosis

Jirí David

Commissioner: Adam Budak. Deputy Commissioner: Barbara Holomkova. Curator: Katarina Rusnakova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ECUADOR

Gold Water: Apocalyptic Black Mirrors

Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla in collaboration with Lucia Vallarino Peet

Commissioner: Andrea Gonzàlez Sanchez. Deputy Commissioner: PDG Arte Communications. Curator: Ileana Cornea. Deputy Curator: Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla. Venue: Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello 3701

ESTONIA

NSFW. From the Abyss of History

Jaanus Samma

Commissioner: Maria Arusoo. Curator: Eugenio Viola. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, campo San Samuele, San Marco 3199

EGYPT

CAN YOU SEE

Ahmed Abdel Fatah, Gamal Elkheshen, Maher Dawoud

Commissioner: Hany Al Ashkar. Curator: Ministry of Culture. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

FINLAND (Pavilion Alvar Aalto)

Hours, Years, Aeons

IC-98

Commissioner: Frame Visual Art Finland, Raija Koli. Curator: Taru Elfving. Deputy Curator: Anna Virtanen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

FRANCE

revolutions

Céleste Boursier-Mougenot

Commissioner: Institut français, with Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication. Curator: Emma Lavigne. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GEORGIA

Crawling Border

Rusudan Gobejishvili Khizanishvili, Irakli Bluishvili, Dimitri Chikvaidze, Joseph Sabia

Commissioner: Ana Riaboshenko. Curator: Nia Mgaloblishvili. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

GERMANY

Fabrik

Jasmina Metwaly / Philip Rizk, Olaf Nicolai, Hito Steyerl, Tobias Zielony

Commissioner: ifa (Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen) on behalf of the Federal Foreign Office. Deputy Commissioner: Elke aus dem Moore, Nina Hülsmeier. Curator: Florian Ebner. Deputy Curator: Tanja Milewsky, Ilina Koralova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GREAT BRITAIN

Sarah Lucas

Commissioner: Emma Dexter. Curator: Richard Riley. Deputy Curator: Katrina Schwarz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GRENADA *

Present Nearness

Oliver Benoit, Maria McClafferty, Asher Mains, Francesco Bosso and Carmine Ciccarini, Guiseppe Linardi

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: Susan Mains. Curator: Susan Mains. Deputy Curator: Francesco Elisei. Venue: Opera don Orione Artigianelli, Sala Tiziano, Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Gesuati, Dorsoduro 919

GREECE

Why Look at Animals? AGRIMIKÁ.

Maria Papadimitriou

Commissioner: Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Education and Religious Affairs. Curator: Gabi Scardi. Deputy Curator: Alexios Papazacharias. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

BRAZIL

So much that it doesn't fit here

Antonio Manuel, André Komatsu, Berna Reale

Commissioner: Luis Terepins. Curator: Luiz Camillo Osorio. Deputy Curator: Cauê Alves. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

CANADA

Canadassimo

BGL

Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Marc Mayer. Deputy Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Yves Théoret. Curator: Marie Fraser. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

CHILE

Poéticas de la disidencia | Poetics of dissent: Paz Errázuriz - Lotty Rosenfeld

Paz Errázuriz, Lotty Rosenfeld

Commissioner: Antonio Arèvalo. Deputy Commissioner: Juan Pablo Vergara Undurraga. Curator: Nelly Richard. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

CHINA, People’s Republic of

Other Future

LIU Jiakun, LU Yang, TAN Dun, WEN Hui/Living Dance Studio, WU Wenguang/Caochangdi Work Station

Commissioner: China Arts and Entertainment Group, CAEG. Deputy Commissioners: Zhang Yu, Yan Dong. Curator: Beijing Contemporary Art Foundation. Scientific Committee: Fan Di’an, Zhang Zikang, Zhu Di, Gao Shiming, Zhu Qingsheng, Pu Tong, Shang Hui. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Giardino delle Vergini

GUATEMALA

Sweet Death

Emma Anticoli Borza, Sabrina Bertolelli, Mariadolores Castellanos, Max Leiva, Pier Domenico Magri, Adriana Montalto, Elmar Rojas (Elmar René Rojas Azurdia), Paolo Schmidlin, Mónica Serra, Elsie Wunderlich, Collettivo La Grande Bouffe

Commissioner: Daniele Radini Tedeschi. Curators: Stefania Pieralice, Carlo Marraffa, Elsie Wunderlich. Deputy Curators: Luciano Carini, Simone Pieralice. Venue: Officina delle Zattere, Dorsoduro 947, Fondamenta Nani

HOLY SEE

Commissioner: Em.mo Card. Gianfranco Ravasi, Presidente del Pontificio Consiglio della Cultura. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

HUNGARY

Sustainable Identities

Szilárd Cseke

Commissioner: Monika Balatoni. Deputy Commissioner: István Puskás, Sándor Fodor, Anna Karády. Curator: Kinga German. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ICELAND

Christoph Büchel

Commissioner: Björg Stefánsdóttir. Curator: Nína Magnúsdóttir. Venue: to be confirmed

INDONESIA, Republic of

Komodo Voyage

Heri Dono

Commissioner: Sapta Nirwandar. Deputy Commissioner: Soedarmadji JH Damais. Curator: Carla Bianpoen, Restu Imansari Kusumaningrum. Scientific Committee: Franco Laera, Asmudjo Jono Irianto, Watie Moerany, Elisabetta di Mambro. Venue: Venue: Arsenale

IRAN

Iranian Highlights

Samira Alikhanzaradeh, Mahmoud Bakhshi Moakhar, Jamshid Bayrami, Mohammed Ehsai

The Great Game

Lida Abdul, Bani Abidi, Adel Abidin, Amin Agheai, Ghodratollah Agheli, Shahriar Ahmadi, Parastou Ahovan, Farhad Ahrarnia, Rashad Alakbarov, Nazgol Ansarinia, Reza Aramesh, Alireza Astaneh, Sonia Balassanian, Mahmoud Bakhshi, Moakhar Wafaa Bilal, Mehdi Farhadian, Monir Farmanfarmaian, Shadi Ghadirian, Babak Golkar, Shilpa Gupta, Ghasem Hajizadeh, Shamsia Hassani, Sahand Hesamiyan, Sitara Ibrahimova, Pouran Jinchi, Amar Kanwar, Babak Kazemi, Ryas Komu, Ahmad Morshedloo, Farhad Moshiri, Mehrdad Mohebali, Huma Mulji, Azad Nanakeli, Jamal Penjweny, Imran Qureshi, Sara Rahbar, Rashid Rana, T.V. Santhosh, Walid Siti, Mohsen Taasha Wahidi, Mitra Tabrizian, Parviz Tanavoli, Newsha Tavakolian, Sadegh Tirafkan, Hema Upadhyay, Saira Wasim

Commissioner: Majid Mollanooruzi. Deputy Commissioners: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Curators: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Venue: Calle San Giovanni 1074/B, Cannaregio

IRAQ

Commissioner: Ruya Foundation for Contemporary Culture in Iraq (RUYA). Deputy Commissioner: Nuova Icona - Associazione Culturale per le Arti. Curator: Philippe Van Cauteren. Venue: Ca' Dandolo, San Polo 2879

IRELAND

Adventure: Capital

Sean Lynch

Commissioner: Mike Fitzpatrick. Curator: Woodrow Kernohan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

ISRAEL

Tsibi Geva | Archeology of the Present

Tsibi Geva

Commissioner: Arad Turgem, Michael Gov. Curator: Hadas Maor. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ITALY

Ministero dei Beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo - Direzione Generale Arte e Architettura Contemporanee e Periferie Urbane. Commissioner: Federica Galloni. Curator: Vincenzo Trione. Venue: Padiglione Italia, Tese delle Vergini at Arsenale

JAPAN

The Key in the Hand

Chiharu Shiota

Commissioner: The Japan Foundation. Deputy Commissioner: Yukihiro Ohira, Manako Kawata and Haruka Nakajima. Curator: Hitoshi Nakano. Venue : Pavilion at Giardini

KENYA

Creating Identities

Yvonne Apiyo Braendle-Amolo, Qin Feng, Shi Jinsong, Armando Tanzini, Li Zhanyang, Lan Zheng Hui, Li Gang, Double Fly Art Center

Commissioner: Paola Poponi. Curator: Sandro Orlandi Stagl. Deputy Curator: Ding Xuefeng. Venue: San Servolo Island

KOREA, Republic of

The Ways of Folding Space & Flying

MOON Kyungwon & JEON Joonho

Commissioner: Sook-Kyung Lee. Curator: Sook-Kyung Lee. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

KOSOVO, Republic of

Speculating on the blue

Flaka Haliti

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports. Curator: Nicolaus Schafhausen. Deputy Curator: Katharina Schendl. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

LATVIA

Armpit

Katrina Neiburga, Andris Eglitis

Commissioner: Solvita Krese (Latvian Centre for Contemporary Art). Deputy Commissioner: Kitija Vasiljeva. Curator: Kaspars Vanags. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

LITHUANIA

Museum

Dainius Liškevicius

Commissioner: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Deputy Commissioner: Rasa Antanaviciute. Curator: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Venue: Palazzo Zenobio, Fondamenta del Soccorso 2569, Dorsoduro

LUXEMBOURG, Grand Duchy of

Paradiso Lussemburgo

Filip Markiewicz

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: MUDAM Luxembourg. Curator: Paul Ardenne. Venue: Cà Del Duca, Corte del Duca Sforza, San Marco 3052

MACEDONIA, Former Yugoslavian Republic of

We are all in this alone

Hristina Ivanoska and Yane Calovski

Commissioner: Maja Nedelkoska Brzanova, National Gallery of Macedonia. Deputy Commissioner: Olivija Stoilkova. Curator: Basak Senova. Deputy Curator: Maja Cankulovska Mihajlovska. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Sale d’Armi

MAURITIUS *

From One Citizen You Gather an Idea

Sultana Haukim, Nirmal Hurry, Alix Le Juge, Olga Jürgenson, Helge Leiberg, Krishna Luchoomun, Neermala Luckeenarain, Kavinash Thomoo, Bik Van Der Pol, Laure Prouvost, Vitaly Pushnitsky, Römer + Römer

Commissioner: pARTage. Curators: Alfredo Cramerotti, Olga Jürgenson. Venue: Palazzo Flangini - Canareggio 252

MEXICO

Possesing Nature

Tania Candiani, Luis Felipe Ortega

Commissioner: Tomaso Radaelli. Deputy Commissioner: Magdalena Zavala Bonachea. Curator: Karla Jasso. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

MONGOLIA *

Other Home

Enkhbold Togmidshiirev, Unen Enkh

Commissioner: Gantuya Badamgarav, MCASA. Curator: Uranchimeg Tsultemin. Scientific Committee: David A Ross, Boldbaatar Chultemin. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

MONTENEGRO

,,Ti ricordi Sjecaš li se You Remember "

Aleksandar Duravcevic

Commissioner/Curator: Anastazija Miranovic. Deputy Commissioner: Danica Bogojevic. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero (piano terra), San Marco 3078-3079/A, Ramo Malipiero

MOZAMBIQUE, Republic of *

Theme: Coexistence of Tradition and Modernity in Contemporary Mozambique

Mozambique Artists

Commissioner: Joel Matias Libombo. Deputy Commissioner: Gilberto Paulino Cossa. Curator: Comissariado-Geral para a Expo Milano 2015. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

NETHERLANDS, The

herman de vries - to be all ways to be

herman de vries

Commissioner: Mondriaan Fund. Curators: Colin Huizing, Cees de Boer. Venue: Pavilion ar Giardini

NEW ZEALAND

Secret Power

Simon Denny

Commissioner: Heather Galbraith. Curator: Robert Leonard. Venue: Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Marco Polo Airport

NORDIC PAVILION (NORWAY)

Camille Norment

Commissioner: OCA, Office for Contemporary Art Norway. Curator: Katya García-Antón. Deputy Curator: Antonio Cataldo. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

PERU

Misplaced Ruins

Gilda Mantilla and Raimond Chaves

Commissioner: Armando Andrade de Lucio. Curator: Max Hernández-Calvo. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

PHILIPPINES

Tie a String Around the World

Manuel Conde, Carlos Francisco, Manny Montelibano, Jose Tence Ruiz

Commissioner: National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), Felipe M. de Leon Jr. Curator: Patrick D. Flores. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

POLAND

Halka/Haiti. 18°48’05”N 72°23’01”W

C.T. Jasper, Joanna Malinowska

Commissioner: Hanna Wróblewska. Deputy Commissioner: Joanna Wasko. Curator: Magdalena Moskalewicz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

PORTUGAL

I Will Be Your Mirror / poems and problems

João Louro

Commissioner/Curator: María de Corral. Venue: Palazzo Loredan, campo S. Stefano

ROMANIA

Adrian Ghenie: Darwin’s Room

Adrian Ghenie

Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Mihai Pop. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

Inventing the Truth. On Fiction and Reality

Michele Bressan, Carmen Dobre-Hametner, Alex Mirutziu, Lea Rasovszky, Stefan Sava, Larisa Sitar

Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Diana Marincu. Deputy Curators: Ephemair Association (Suzana Dan and Silvia Rogozea). Venue: New Gallery of the Romanian Institute for Culture and Humanistic Research in Venice

RUSSIA

The Green Pavilion

Irina Nakhova

Commissioner: Stella Kesaeva. Curator: Margarita Tupitsyn. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SERBIA

United Dead Nations

Ivan Grubanov

Commissioner: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Commissioner: Ana Bogdanovic. Curator: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Curator: Ana Bogdanovic. Scientific Committee: Jovan Despotovic. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SAN MARINO

Repubblica di San Marino “ Friendship Project “ China

Xu De Qi, Liu Dawei, Liu Ruo Wang, Ma Yuan, Li Lei, Zhang Hong Mei, Eleonora Mazza, Giuliano Giulianelli, Giancarlo Frisoni, Tony Margiotta, Elisa Monaldi, Valentina Pazzini

Commissioner: Istituti Culturali della Repubblica di San Marino. Curator: Vincenzo Sanfo. Venue: TBC

SEYCHELLES, Republic of *

A Clockwork Sunset

George Camille, Léon Wilma Loïs Radegonde

Commissioner: Seychelles Art Projects Foundation. Curators: Sarah J. McDonald, Victor Schaub Wong. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

SINGAPORE

Sea State

Charles Lim Yi Yong

Commissioner: Paul Tan, National Arts Council, Singapore. Curator: Shabbir Hussain Mustafa. Scientific Committee: Eugene Tan, Kathy Lai, Ahmad Bin Mashadi, June Yap, Emi Eu, Susie Lingham, Charles Merewether, Randy Chan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

SLOVENIA, Republic of

UTTER / The violent necessity for the embodied presence of hope

JAŠA

Commissioner: Simona Vidmar. Deputy Commissioner: Jure Kirbiš. Curators: Michele Drascek and Aurora Fonda. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

SPAIN

Los Sujetos (The Subjects)

Pepo Salazar, Cabello/Carceller, Francesc Ruiz, + Salvador Dalí

Commissioner: Ministerio Asuntos Exteriores. Gobierno de España. Curator: Marti Manen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

Origini della civiltà

Narine Ali, Ehsan Alar, Felipe Cardeña, Fouad Dahdouh, Aldo Damioli, Svitlana Grebenyuk, Mauro Reggio, Liu Shuishi, Nass ouh Zaghlouleh, Andrea Zucchi, Helidon Xhixha

Commissioner: Christian Maretti. Curator: Duccio Trombadori. Venue: Redentore – Giudecca, San Servolo Island

SWEDEN

Excavation of the Image: Imprint, Shadow, Spectre, Thought

Lina Selander

Commissioner: Ann-Sofi Noring. Curator: Lena Essling. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

SWITZERLAND

Our Product

Pamela Rosenkranz

Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Sandi Paucic and Marianne Burki. Deputy-Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Rachele Giudici Legittimo. Curator: Susanne Pfeffer. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

THAILAND

Earth, Air, Fire & Water

Kamol Tassananchalee

Commissioner: Chai Nakhonchai, Office of Contemporary Art and Culture (OCAC), Ministry of Culture. Curator: Richard David Garst. Deputy Curator: Pongdej Chaiyakut. Venue: Paradiso Gallerie, Giardini della Biennale, Castello 1260

TURKEY

Respiro

Sarkis

Commissioner: Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts. Curator: Defne Ayas. Deputy Curator: Ozge Ersoy. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

TUVALU

Crossing the Tide

Vincent J.F. Huang

Commissioner: Taukelina Finikaso. Deputy Commissioner: Temate Melitiana. Curator: Thomas J. Berghuis. Scientific Committee: Andrea Bonifacio. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

UKRAINE

Hope!

Yevgenia Belorusets, Nikita Kadan, Zhanna Kadyrova, Mykola Ridnyi & SerhiyZhadan, Anna Zvyagintseva, Open Group, Artem Volokitin

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Björn Geldhof. Venue: Riva dei Sette Martiri

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

1980 – Today: Exhibitions in the United Arab Emirates

Abdullah Al Saadi, Abdul Qader Al Rais, Abdulraheem Salim, Abdulrahman Zainal, Ahmed Al Ansari, Ahmed Sharif, Hassan Sharif, Mohamed Yousif, Mohammed Abdullah Bulhiah, Mohammed Al Qassab, Mohammed Kazem, Moosa Al Halyan, Najat Meky, Obaid Suroor, Salem Jawhar

Commissioner: Salama bint Hamdan Al Nahyan Foundation. Curator: Hoor Al Qasimi. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d'Armi

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Joan Jonas: They Come to Us Without a Word

Joan Jonas

Commissioner: Paul C. Ha. Deputy Commissioner: MIT List Visual Arts Center. Curators: Ute Meta Bauer, Paul C. Ha. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

URUGUAY

Global Myopia II (Pencil & Paper)

Marco Maggi

Commissioner: Ricardo Pascale. Curator: Patricia Bentancour. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

VENEZUELA, Bolivarian Republic of

Te doy mi palabra (I give you my word)

Argelia Bravo, Félix Molina (Flix)

Commissioner: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Commissioner: Reinaldo Landaeta Díaz. Curator: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Curator: Morella Jurado. Scientific Committee: Carlos Pou Ruan. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ZIMBABWE, Republic of

Pixels of Ubuntu/Unhu: - Exploring the social and cultural identities of the 21st century.

Chikonzero Chazunguza, Masimba Hwati, Gareth Nyandoro

Commissioner: Doreen Sibanda. Curator: Raphael Chikukwa. Deputy Curator: Tafadzwa Gwetai. Scientific Committee: Saki Mafundikwa, Biggie Samwanda, Fabian Kangai, Reverend Paul Damasane, Nontsikelelo Mutiti, Stephen Garan'anga, Dominic Benhura. Venue: Santa Maria della Pieta

ITALO-LATIN AMERICAN INSTITUTE

Voces Indígenas

Commissioner: Sylvia Irrazábal. Curator: Alfons Hug. Deputy Curator: Alberto Saraiva. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

ARGENTINA

Sofia Medici and Laura Kalauz

PLURINATIONAL STATE OF BOLIVIA

Sonia Falcone and José Laura Yapita

BRAZIL

Adriana Barreto

Paulo Nazareth

CHILE

Rainer Krause

COLOMBIA

León David Cobo,

María Cristina Rincón and Claudia Rodríguez

COSTA RICA

Priscilla Monge

ECUADOR

Fabiano Kueva

EL SALVADOR

Mauricio Kabistan

GUATEMALA

Sandra Monterroso

HAITI

Barbara Prézeau Stephenson

HONDURAS

Leonardo González

PANAMA

Humberto Vélez

NICARAGUA

Raúl Quintanilla

PARAGUAY

Erika Meza

Javier López

PERU

José Huamán Turpo

URUGUAY

Gustavo Tabares

Ellen Slegers

001 Inverso Mundus. AES+F

Magazzino del Sale n. 5, Dorsoduro, 265 (Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Saloni); Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 31st

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

Catalonia in Venice: Singularity

Cantieri Navali, Castello, 40 (Calle Quintavalle)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Institut Ramon Llull

venezia2015.llull.cat

Conversion. Recycle Group

Chiesa di Sant’Antonin, Castello (Campo Sant’Antonin)

May 6th - October 31st

Organization: Moscow Museum of Modern Art

Dansaekhwa

Palazzo Contarini-Polignac, Dorsoduro, 874 (Accademia)

May 7th – August 15th

Organization: The Boghossian Foundation

Dispossession

Palazzo Donà Brusa, Campo San Polo, 2177

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: European Capital of Culture Wroclaw 2016

wroclaw2016.pl/biennale/

EM15 presents Doug Fishbone’s Leisure Land Golf

Arsenale Docks, Castello, 40A, 40B, 41C

May 6th - July 26th

Organization: EM15

Eredità e Sperimentazione

Grand Hotel Hungaria & Ausonia, Viale Santa Maria Elisabetta, 28, Lido di Venezia

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Istituto Nazionale di BioArchitettura - Sezione di Padova

Frontiers Reimagined

Palazzo Grimani, Castello, 4858 (Ramo Grimani)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Tagore Foundation International; Polo museale del Veneto

Glasstress 2015 Gotika

Istituto Veneto di Scienze Lettere ed Arti, Palazzo Cavalli Franchetti, San Marco, 2847 (Campo Santo Stefano); Chiesa di Santa Maria della Visitazione, Centro Culturale Don Orione Artigianelli, Dorsoduro, 919 (Zattere); Fondazione Berengo, Campiello della Pescheria, 15, Murano;

May 9th — November 22nd

Organization: The State Hermitage Museum

Graham Fagen: Scotland + Venice 2015

Palazzo Fontana, Cannaregio, 3829 (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Scotland + Venice

Grisha Bruskin. An Archaeologist’s Collection

Former Chiesa di Santa Caterina, Cannaregio, 4941-4942

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Centro Studi sulle Arti della Russia (CSAR), Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia

Helen Sear, ... The Rest Is Smoke

Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Castello, 450 (Fondamenta San Gioacchin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Cymru yn Fenis/Wales in Venice

Highway to Hell

Palazzo Michiel, Cannaregio, 4391/A (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Hubei Museum of Art

Humanistic Nature and Society (Shan-Shui) – An Insight into the Future

Palazzo Faccanon, San Marco, 5016 (Mercerie)

May 7th – August 4th

Organization: Shanghai Himalayas Museum

In the Eye of the Thunderstorm: Effervescent Practices from the Arab World & South Asia

Dorsoduro, 417 (Zattere)

May 6th - November 15th

Organization: ArsCulture

Italia Docet | Laboratorium- Artists, Participants, Testimonials and Activated Spectators

Palazzo Barbarigo Minotto, San Marco, 2504 (Fondamenta Duodo o Barbarigo)

May 9th – June 30th; September 11st – October 31st

Organization: Italian Art Motherboard Foundation (i-AM Foundation)

Jaume Plensa: Together

Basilica di San Giorgio Maggiore, Isola di San Giorgio Maggiore

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Abbazia di San Giorgio Maggiore Benedicti Claustra Onlus

Jenny Holzer "War Paintings"

Museo Correr, San Marco, 52 (Piazza San Marco)

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: The Written Art Foundation; Museo Correr, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia

correr.visitmuve.it

Jump into the Unknown

Palazzo Loredan dell’Ambasciatore, Dorsoduro, 1261-1262

May 9th – June 18th

Organization: Nine Dragon Heads

9dh-venice.com

Learn from Masters

Palazzo Bembo, San Marco, 4793 (Riva del Carbon)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Pan Tianshou Foundation

pantianshou.caa.edu.cn/foundation_en

My East is Your West

Palazzo Benzon, San Marco, 3927

May 6th – October 31st

Organization: The Gujral Foundation

Ornamentalism. The Purvitis Prize

Arsenale Nord, Tesa 99

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Secretariat of the Latvian Presidency of the Council of the European Union in 2015

Path and Adventure

Arsenale, Castello, 2126/A (Campo della Tana)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau; The Macao Museum of Art; The Cultural Affairs Bureau

Patricia Cronin: Shrine for Girls, Venice

Chiesa di San Gallo, San Marco, 1103 (Campo San Gallo)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Brooklyn Rail Curatorial Projects

curatorialprojects.brooklynrail.org

Roberto Sebastian Matta. Sculture

Giardino di Palazzo Soranzo Cappello, Soprintendenza BAP per le Province di Venezia, Belluno, Padova e Treviso, Santa Croce, 770 (Fondamenta Rio Marin)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Echaurren Salaris

Salon Suisse: S.O.S. Dada - The World Is A Mess

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

May 9th; June 4th - 6th; September 10th - 12th; October 15th - 17th; November 19th – 21st

Organization: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia

Sean Scully: Land Sea

Palazzo Falier, San Marco, 2906

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Volume!

Sepphoris. Alessandro Valeri

Molino Stucky, interior atrium, Giudecca, 812

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Assessorato alla Cultura del Comune di Narni(TR); a Sidereal Space of Art; Satellite Berlin

Tesla Revisited

Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 18th

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

The Bridges of Graffiti

Arterminal c/o Terminal San Basilio, Dorsoduro (Fondamenta Zattere al Ponte Lungo)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Associazione Culturale Inossidabile

The Dialogue of Fire. Ceramic and Glass Masters from Barcelona to Venice

Palazzo Tiepolo Passi, San Polo, 2774

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization: Fundaciò Artigas; ArsCulture

The Question of Beings

Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello, 3701

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Museum of Contemporary Art, Taipei (MoCA, Taipei)

The Revenge of the Common Place

Università Ca' Foscari, Ca' Bernardo, Dorsoduro, 3199 (Calle Bernardo)

May 9th – September 30th

Organization: Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University Brussels-VUB)

The Silver Lining. Contemporary Art from Liechtenstein and other Microstates

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

October 24th – November 1st

Organization: Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein

The Sound of Creation. Paintings + Music by Beezy Bailey and Brian Eno

Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello, Palazzo Pisani, San Marco, 2810 (Campo Santo Stefano)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: ArsCulture

The Union of Fire and Water

Palazzo Barbaro, San Marco, 2840

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: YARAT Contemporary Art Organisation

Thirty Light Years - Theatre of Chinese Art

Palazzo Rossini, San Marco, 4013 (Campo Manin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: GAC Global Art Center Foundation; The Guangdong Museum of Art

Tsang Kin-Wah: The Infinite Nothing, Hong Kong in Venice

Arsenale, Castello, 2126 (Campo della Tana)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: M+, West Kowloon Cultural District; Hong Kong Arts Development Council

Under the Surface, Newfoundland and Labrador at Venice

Galleria Ca' Rezzonico, Dorsoduro, 2793

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Terra Nova Art Foundation

tnaf.ca

Ursula von Rydingsvard

Giardino della Marinaressa, Castello (Riva dei Sette Martiri)

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization:Yorkshire Sculpture Park

We Must Risk Delight: Twenty Artists from Los Angeles

Magazzino del Sale n. 3, Dorsoduro, 264 (Zattere)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: bardoLA

Wu Tien-Chang: Never Say Goodbye

Palazzo delle Prigioni, Castello, 4209 (San Marco)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Taipei Fine Arts Museum of Taiwan

Istra Town, the Fragment of the South facade of the Resurrection Cathedral, New Jerusalem (NovoYerusalimsky / Voskresensky) Monastery (since 1666), Istrinsky District, Moscow Region, Russia. Православнаѧ Црковь. by Alexander SACALEVIC

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.

ALBANIA

Albanian Trilogy: A Series of Devious Stratagems

Armando Lulaj

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marco Scotini. Deputy Curator: Andris Brinkmanis. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

ANDORRA

Inner Landscapes

Roqué, Joan Xandri

Commissioner: Henry Périer. Deputy Commissioner: Joana Baygual, Sebastià Petit, Francesc Rodríguez

Curator: Paolo de Grandis, Josep M. Ubach. Venue: Spiazzi, Castello 3865

ANGOLA

On Ways of Travelling

António Ole, Binelde Hyrcan, Délio Jasse, Francisco Vidal, Nelo Teixeira

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Rita Guedes Tavares. Curator: António Ole. Deputy Curator: Antonia Gaeta. Venue: Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello - Palazzo Pisani, San Marco 2810

ARGENTINA

The Uprising of Form

Juan Carlos Diste´fano

Commissioner: Magdalena Faillace. Curator: Mari´a Teresa Constantin. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

ARMENIA, Republic of

Armenity / Haiyutioun

Haig Aivazian, Lebanon; Nigol Bezjian, Syria/USA; Anna Boghiguian Egypt/Canada; Hera Büyüktasçiyan, Turkey; Silvina Der-Meguerditchian, Argentina/Germany; Rene Gabri & Ayreen Anastas, Iran/Palestine/USA; Mekhitar Garabedian, Belgium; Aikaterini Gegisian, Greece; Yervant Gianikian & Angela Ricci Lucchi, Italy; Aram Jibilian, USA; Nina Katchadourian, USA/Finland; Melik Ohanian, France; Mikayel Ohanjanyan, Armenia/Italy; Rosana Palazyan, Brazil; Sarkis, Turkey/France; Hrair Sarkissian, Syria/UK

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Armenia. Deputy Commissioner: Art for the World, Mekhitarist Congregation of San Lazzaro Island, Embassy of the Republic of Armenia in Italy, Vartan Karapetian. Curator: Adelina Cüberyan von Fürstenberg. Venue: Monastery and Island of San Lazzaro degli Armeni

AUSTRALIA

Fiona Hall: Wrong Way Time

Fiona Hall

Commissioner: Simon Mordant AM. Deputy Commissioner: Charles Green. Curator: Linda Michael. Scientific Committee: Simon Mordant AM, Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev, Max Delany, Rachel Kent, Danie Mellor, Suhanya Raffel, Leigh Robb. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

AUSTRIA

Heimo Zobernig

Commissioner: Yilmaz Dziewior. Curator: Yilmaz Dziewior. Scientific Committee: Friends of the Venice Biennale. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

AZERBAIJAN, Republic of

Beyond the Line

Ashraf Murad, Javad Mirjavadov, Tofik Javadov, Rasim Babayev, Fazil Najafov, Huseyn Hagverdi, Shamil Najafzada

Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: de Pury de Pury, Emin Mammadov. Venue: Palazzo Lezze, Campo S.Stefano, San Marco 2949

Vita Vitale

Edward Burtynsky, Mircea Cantor, Loris Cecchini, Gordon Cheung, Khalil Chishtee, Tony Cragg, Laura Ford, Noemie Goudal, Siobhán Hapaska, Paul Huxley, IDEA laboratory and Leyla Aliyeva, Chris Jordan with Rebecca Clark and Helena S.Eitel, Tania Kovats, Aida Mahmudova, Sayyora Muin, Jacco Olivier, Julian Opie, Julian Perry, Mike Perry, Bas Princen, Stephanie Quayle, Ugo Rondinone, Graham Stevens, Diana Thater, Andy Warhol, Bill Woodrow, Erwin Wurm, Rose Wylie

Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: Artwise: Susie Allen, Laura Culpan, Dea Vanagan. Venue: Ca’ Garzoni, San Marco 3416

BELARUS, Republic of

War Witness Archive

Konstantin Selikhanov

Commissioner: Natallia Sharanhovich. Deputy Commissioners: Alena Vasileuskaya, Kamilia Yanushkevich. Curators: Aleksei Shinkarenko, Olga Rybchinskaya. Scientific Committee: Dmitry Korol, Daria Amelkovich, Julia Kondratyuk, Sergei Jeihala, Sheena Macfarlane, Yuliya Heisik, Hanna Samarskaya, Taras Kaliahin, Aliaksandr Stasevich. Venue: Riva San Biagio, Castello 2145

BELGIUM

Personnes et les autres

Vincent Meessen and Guests, Mathieu K. Abonnenc, Sammy Baloji, James Beckett, Elisabetta Benassi, Patrick Bernier & Olive Martin, Tamar Guimara~es & Kasper Akhøj, Maryam Jafri, Adam Pendleton

Commissioner: Wallonia-Brussels Federation and Wallonia-Brussels International. Curator: Katerina Gregos. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

COSTA RICA

"Costa Rica, Paese di pace, invita a un linguaggio universale d'intesa tra i popoli".

Andrea Prandi, Beatrice Gallori, Beth Parin, Biagio Schembari, Carla Castaldo, Celestina Avanzini, Cesare Berlingeri, Erminio Tansini, Fabio Capitanio, Fausto Beretti, Giovan Battista Pedrazzini, Giovanni Lamberti, Giovanni Tenga, Iana Zanoskar, Jim Prescott, Leonardo Beccegato, Liliana Scocco, Lucia Bolzano, Marcela Vicuna, Marco Bellagamba, Marco Lodola, Maria Gioia dell’Aglio, Mario Bernardinello, Massimo Meucci, Nacha Piattini, Omar Ronda, Renzo Eusebi, Tita Patti, Romina Power, Rubens Fogacci, Silvio di Pietro, Stefano Sichel, Tino Stefanoni, Ufemia Ritz, Ugo Borlenghi, Umberto Mariani, Venere Chillemi, Jacqueline Gallicot Madar, Massimo Onnis, Fedora Spinelli

Commissioner: Ileana Ordonez Chacon. Curator: Gregorio Rossi. Venue: Palazzo Bollani

CROATIA

Studies on Shivering: The Third Degree

Damir Ocko

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marc Bembekoff. Venue: Palazzo Pisani, S. Marina

CUBA

El artista entre la individualidad y el contexto

Lida Abdul, Celia-Yunior, Grethell Rasúa, Giuseppe Stampone, LinYilin, Luis Edgardo Gómez Armenteros, Olga Chernysheva, Susana Pilar Delahante Matienzo

Commissioner: Miria Vicini. Curators: Jorge Fernández Torres, Giacomo Zaza. Venue: San Servolo Island

CYPRUS, Republic of

Two Days After Forever

Christodoulos Panayiotou

Commissioner: Louli Michaelidou. Deputy Commissioner: Angela Skordi. Curator: Omar Kholeif. Deputy Curator: Daniella Rose King. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, Sestiere San Marco 3079

CZECH Republic and SLOVAK Republic

Apotheosis

Jirí David

Commissioner: Adam Budak. Deputy Commissioner: Barbara Holomkova. Curator: Katarina Rusnakova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ECUADOR

Gold Water: Apocalyptic Black Mirrors

Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla in collaboration with Lucia Vallarino Peet

Commissioner: Andrea Gonzàlez Sanchez. Deputy Commissioner: PDG Arte Communications. Curator: Ileana Cornea. Deputy Curator: Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla. Venue: Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello 3701

ESTONIA

NSFW. From the Abyss of History

Jaanus Samma

Commissioner: Maria Arusoo. Curator: Eugenio Viola. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, campo San Samuele, San Marco 3199

EGYPT

CAN YOU SEE

Ahmed Abdel Fatah, Gamal Elkheshen, Maher Dawoud

Commissioner: Hany Al Ashkar. Curator: Ministry of Culture. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

FINLAND (Pavilion Alvar Aalto)

Hours, Years, Aeons

IC-98

Commissioner: Frame Visual Art Finland, Raija Koli. Curator: Taru Elfving. Deputy Curator: Anna Virtanen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

FRANCE

revolutions

Céleste Boursier-Mougenot

Commissioner: Institut français, with Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication. Curator: Emma Lavigne. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GEORGIA

Crawling Border

Rusudan Gobejishvili Khizanishvili, Irakli Bluishvili, Dimitri Chikvaidze, Joseph Sabia

Commissioner: Ana Riaboshenko. Curator: Nia Mgaloblishvili. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

GERMANY

Fabrik

Jasmina Metwaly / Philip Rizk, Olaf Nicolai, Hito Steyerl, Tobias Zielony

Commissioner: ifa (Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen) on behalf of the Federal Foreign Office. Deputy Commissioner: Elke aus dem Moore, Nina Hülsmeier. Curator: Florian Ebner. Deputy Curator: Tanja Milewsky, Ilina Koralova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GREAT BRITAIN

Sarah Lucas

Commissioner: Emma Dexter. Curator: Richard Riley. Deputy Curator: Katrina Schwarz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GRENADA *

Present Nearness

Oliver Benoit, Maria McClafferty, Asher Mains, Francesco Bosso and Carmine Ciccarini, Guiseppe Linardi

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: Susan Mains. Curator: Susan Mains. Deputy Curator: Francesco Elisei. Venue: Opera don Orione Artigianelli, Sala Tiziano, Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Gesuati, Dorsoduro 919

GREECE

Why Look at Animals? AGRIMIKÁ.

Maria Papadimitriou

Commissioner: Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Education and Religious Affairs. Curator: Gabi Scardi. Deputy Curator: Alexios Papazacharias. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

BRAZIL

So much that it doesn't fit here

Antonio Manuel, André Komatsu, Berna Reale

Commissioner: Luis Terepins. Curator: Luiz Camillo Osorio. Deputy Curator: Cauê Alves. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

CANADA

Canadassimo

BGL

Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Marc Mayer. Deputy Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Yves Théoret. Curator: Marie Fraser. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

CHILE

Poéticas de la disidencia | Poetics of dissent: Paz Errázuriz - Lotty Rosenfeld

Paz Errázuriz, Lotty Rosenfeld

Commissioner: Antonio Arèvalo. Deputy Commissioner: Juan Pablo Vergara Undurraga. Curator: Nelly Richard. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

CHINA, People’s Republic of

Other Future

LIU Jiakun, LU Yang, TAN Dun, WEN Hui/Living Dance Studio, WU Wenguang/Caochangdi Work Station

Commissioner: China Arts and Entertainment Group, CAEG. Deputy Commissioners: Zhang Yu, Yan Dong. Curator: Beijing Contemporary Art Foundation. Scientific Committee: Fan Di’an, Zhang Zikang, Zhu Di, Gao Shiming, Zhu Qingsheng, Pu Tong, Shang Hui. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Giardino delle Vergini

GUATEMALA

Sweet Death

Emma Anticoli Borza, Sabrina Bertolelli, Mariadolores Castellanos, Max Leiva, Pier Domenico Magri, Adriana Montalto, Elmar Rojas (Elmar René Rojas Azurdia), Paolo Schmidlin, Mónica Serra, Elsie Wunderlich, Collettivo La Grande Bouffe

Commissioner: Daniele Radini Tedeschi. Curators: Stefania Pieralice, Carlo Marraffa, Elsie Wunderlich. Deputy Curators: Luciano Carini, Simone Pieralice. Venue: Officina delle Zattere, Dorsoduro 947, Fondamenta Nani

HOLY SEE

Commissioner: Em.mo Card. Gianfranco Ravasi, Presidente del Pontificio Consiglio della Cultura. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

HUNGARY

Sustainable Identities

Szilárd Cseke

Commissioner: Monika Balatoni. Deputy Commissioner: István Puskás, Sándor Fodor, Anna Karády. Curator: Kinga German. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ICELAND

Christoph Büchel

Commissioner: Björg Stefánsdóttir. Curator: Nína Magnúsdóttir. Venue: to be confirmed

INDONESIA, Republic of

Komodo Voyage

Heri Dono

Commissioner: Sapta Nirwandar. Deputy Commissioner: Soedarmadji JH Damais. Curator: Carla Bianpoen, Restu Imansari Kusumaningrum. Scientific Committee: Franco Laera, Asmudjo Jono Irianto, Watie Moerany, Elisabetta di Mambro. Venue: Venue: Arsenale

IRAN

Iranian Highlights

Samira Alikhanzaradeh, Mahmoud Bakhshi Moakhar, Jamshid Bayrami, Mohammed Ehsai

The Great Game

Lida Abdul, Bani Abidi, Adel Abidin, Amin Agheai, Ghodratollah Agheli, Shahriar Ahmadi, Parastou Ahovan, Farhad Ahrarnia, Rashad Alakbarov, Nazgol Ansarinia, Reza Aramesh, Alireza Astaneh, Sonia Balassanian, Mahmoud Bakhshi, Moakhar Wafaa Bilal, Mehdi Farhadian, Monir Farmanfarmaian, Shadi Ghadirian, Babak Golkar, Shilpa Gupta, Ghasem Hajizadeh, Shamsia Hassani, Sahand Hesamiyan, Sitara Ibrahimova, Pouran Jinchi, Amar Kanwar, Babak Kazemi, Ryas Komu, Ahmad Morshedloo, Farhad Moshiri, Mehrdad Mohebali, Huma Mulji, Azad Nanakeli, Jamal Penjweny, Imran Qureshi, Sara Rahbar, Rashid Rana, T.V. Santhosh, Walid Siti, Mohsen Taasha Wahidi, Mitra Tabrizian, Parviz Tanavoli, Newsha Tavakolian, Sadegh Tirafkan, Hema Upadhyay, Saira Wasim

Commissioner: Majid Mollanooruzi. Deputy Commissioners: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Curators: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Venue: Calle San Giovanni 1074/B, Cannaregio

IRAQ

Commissioner: Ruya Foundation for Contemporary Culture in Iraq (RUYA). Deputy Commissioner: Nuova Icona - Associazione Culturale per le Arti. Curator: Philippe Van Cauteren. Venue: Ca' Dandolo, San Polo 2879

IRELAND

Adventure: Capital

Sean Lynch

Commissioner: Mike Fitzpatrick. Curator: Woodrow Kernohan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

ISRAEL

Tsibi Geva | Archeology of the Present

Tsibi Geva

Commissioner: Arad Turgem, Michael Gov. Curator: Hadas Maor. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ITALY

Ministero dei Beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo - Direzione Generale Arte e Architettura Contemporanee e Periferie Urbane. Commissioner: Federica Galloni. Curator: Vincenzo Trione. Venue: Padiglione Italia, Tese delle Vergini at Arsenale

JAPAN

The Key in the Hand

Chiharu Shiota

Commissioner: The Japan Foundation. Deputy Commissioner: Yukihiro Ohira, Manako Kawata and Haruka Nakajima. Curator: Hitoshi Nakano. Venue : Pavilion at Giardini

KENYA

Creating Identities

Yvonne Apiyo Braendle-Amolo, Qin Feng, Shi Jinsong, Armando Tanzini, Li Zhanyang, Lan Zheng Hui, Li Gang, Double Fly Art Center

Commissioner: Paola Poponi. Curator: Sandro Orlandi Stagl. Deputy Curator: Ding Xuefeng. Venue: San Servolo Island

KOREA, Republic of

The Ways of Folding Space & Flying

MOON Kyungwon & JEON Joonho

Commissioner: Sook-Kyung Lee. Curator: Sook-Kyung Lee. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

KOSOVO, Republic of

Speculating on the blue

Flaka Haliti

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports. Curator: Nicolaus Schafhausen. Deputy Curator: Katharina Schendl. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

LATVIA

Armpit

Katrina Neiburga, Andris Eglitis

Commissioner: Solvita Krese (Latvian Centre for Contemporary Art). Deputy Commissioner: Kitija Vasiljeva. Curator: Kaspars Vanags. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

LITHUANIA

Museum

Dainius Liškevicius

Commissioner: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Deputy Commissioner: Rasa Antanaviciute. Curator: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Venue: Palazzo Zenobio, Fondamenta del Soccorso 2569, Dorsoduro

LUXEMBOURG, Grand Duchy of

Paradiso Lussemburgo

Filip Markiewicz

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: MUDAM Luxembourg. Curator: Paul Ardenne. Venue: Cà Del Duca, Corte del Duca Sforza, San Marco 3052

MACEDONIA, Former Yugoslavian Republic of

We are all in this alone

Hristina Ivanoska and Yane Calovski

Commissioner: Maja Nedelkoska Brzanova, National Gallery of Macedonia. Deputy Commissioner: Olivija Stoilkova. Curator: Basak Senova. Deputy Curator: Maja Cankulovska Mihajlovska. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Sale d’Armi

MAURITIUS *

From One Citizen You Gather an Idea

Sultana Haukim, Nirmal Hurry, Alix Le Juge, Olga Jürgenson, Helge Leiberg, Krishna Luchoomun, Neermala Luckeenarain, Kavinash Thomoo, Bik Van Der Pol, Laure Prouvost, Vitaly Pushnitsky, Römer + Römer

Commissioner: pARTage. Curators: Alfredo Cramerotti, Olga Jürgenson. Venue: Palazzo Flangini - Canareggio 252

MEXICO

Possesing Nature

Tania Candiani, Luis Felipe Ortega

Commissioner: Tomaso Radaelli. Deputy Commissioner: Magdalena Zavala Bonachea. Curator: Karla Jasso. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

MONGOLIA *

Other Home

Enkhbold Togmidshiirev, Unen Enkh

Commissioner: Gantuya Badamgarav, MCASA. Curator: Uranchimeg Tsultemin. Scientific Committee: David A Ross, Boldbaatar Chultemin. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

MONTENEGRO

,,Ti ricordi Sjecaš li se You Remember "

Aleksandar Duravcevic

Commissioner/Curator: Anastazija Miranovic. Deputy Commissioner: Danica Bogojevic. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero (piano terra), San Marco 3078-3079/A, Ramo Malipiero

MOZAMBIQUE, Republic of *

Theme: Coexistence of Tradition and Modernity in Contemporary Mozambique

Mozambique Artists

Commissioner: Joel Matias Libombo. Deputy Commissioner: Gilberto Paulino Cossa. Curator: Comissariado-Geral para a Expo Milano 2015. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

NETHERLANDS, The

herman de vries - to be all ways to be

herman de vries

Commissioner: Mondriaan Fund. Curators: Colin Huizing, Cees de Boer. Venue: Pavilion ar Giardini

NEW ZEALAND

Secret Power

Simon Denny

Commissioner: Heather Galbraith. Curator: Robert Leonard. Venue: Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Marco Polo Airport

NORDIC PAVILION (NORWAY)

Camille Norment

Commissioner: OCA, Office for Contemporary Art Norway. Curator: Katya García-Antón. Deputy Curator: Antonio Cataldo. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

PERU

Misplaced Ruins

Gilda Mantilla and Raimond Chaves

Commissioner: Armando Andrade de Lucio. Curator: Max Hernández-Calvo. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

PHILIPPINES

Tie a String Around the World

Manuel Conde, Carlos Francisco, Manny Montelibano, Jose Tence Ruiz

Commissioner: National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), Felipe M. de Leon Jr. Curator: Patrick D. Flores. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

POLAND

Halka/Haiti. 18°48’05”N 72°23’01”W

C.T. Jasper, Joanna Malinowska

Commissioner: Hanna Wróblewska. Deputy Commissioner: Joanna Wasko. Curator: Magdalena Moskalewicz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

PORTUGAL

I Will Be Your Mirror / poems and problems

João Louro

Commissioner/Curator: María de Corral. Venue: Palazzo Loredan, campo S. Stefano

ROMANIA

Adrian Ghenie: Darwin’s Room

Adrian Ghenie

Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Mihai Pop. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

Inventing the Truth. On Fiction and Reality

Michele Bressan, Carmen Dobre-Hametner, Alex Mirutziu, Lea Rasovszky, Stefan Sava, Larisa Sitar

Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Diana Marincu. Deputy Curators: Ephemair Association (Suzana Dan and Silvia Rogozea). Venue: New Gallery of the Romanian Institute for Culture and Humanistic Research in Venice

RUSSIA

The Green Pavilion

Irina Nakhova

Commissioner: Stella Kesaeva. Curator: Margarita Tupitsyn. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SERBIA

United Dead Nations

Ivan Grubanov

Commissioner: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Commissioner: Ana Bogdanovic. Curator: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Curator: Ana Bogdanovic. Scientific Committee: Jovan Despotovic. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SAN MARINO

Repubblica di San Marino “ Friendship Project “ China

Xu De Qi, Liu Dawei, Liu Ruo Wang, Ma Yuan, Li Lei, Zhang Hong Mei, Eleonora Mazza, Giuliano Giulianelli, Giancarlo Frisoni, Tony Margiotta, Elisa Monaldi, Valentina Pazzini

Commissioner: Istituti Culturali della Repubblica di San Marino. Curator: Vincenzo Sanfo. Venue: TBC

SEYCHELLES, Republic of *

A Clockwork Sunset

George Camille, Léon Wilma Loïs Radegonde

Commissioner: Seychelles Art Projects Foundation. Curators: Sarah J. McDonald, Victor Schaub Wong. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

SINGAPORE

Sea State

Charles Lim Yi Yong

Commissioner: Paul Tan, National Arts Council, Singapore. Curator: Shabbir Hussain Mustafa. Scientific Committee: Eugene Tan, Kathy Lai, Ahmad Bin Mashadi, June Yap, Emi Eu, Susie Lingham, Charles Merewether, Randy Chan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

SLOVENIA, Republic of

UTTER / The violent necessity for the embodied presence of hope

JAŠA

Commissioner: Simona Vidmar. Deputy Commissioner: Jure Kirbiš. Curators: Michele Drascek and Aurora Fonda. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

SPAIN

Los Sujetos (The Subjects)

Pepo Salazar, Cabello/Carceller, Francesc Ruiz, + Salvador Dalí

Commissioner: Ministerio Asuntos Exteriores. Gobierno de España. Curator: Marti Manen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

Origini della civiltà

Narine Ali, Ehsan Alar, Felipe Cardeña, Fouad Dahdouh, Aldo Damioli, Svitlana Grebenyuk, Mauro Reggio, Liu Shuishi, Nass ouh Zaghlouleh, Andrea Zucchi, Helidon Xhixha

Commissioner: Christian Maretti. Curator: Duccio Trombadori. Venue: Redentore – Giudecca, San Servolo Island

SWEDEN

Excavation of the Image: Imprint, Shadow, Spectre, Thought

Lina Selander

Commissioner: Ann-Sofi Noring. Curator: Lena Essling. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

SWITZERLAND

Our Product

Pamela Rosenkranz

Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Sandi Paucic and Marianne Burki. Deputy-Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Rachele Giudici Legittimo. Curator: Susanne Pfeffer. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

THAILAND

Earth, Air, Fire & Water

Kamol Tassananchalee

Commissioner: Chai Nakhonchai, Office of Contemporary Art and Culture (OCAC), Ministry of Culture. Curator: Richard David Garst. Deputy Curator: Pongdej Chaiyakut. Venue: Paradiso Gallerie, Giardini della Biennale, Castello 1260

TURKEY

Respiro

Sarkis

Commissioner: Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts. Curator: Defne Ayas. Deputy Curator: Ozge Ersoy. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

TUVALU

Crossing the Tide

Vincent J.F. Huang

Commissioner: Taukelina Finikaso. Deputy Commissioner: Temate Melitiana. Curator: Thomas J. Berghuis. Scientific Committee: Andrea Bonifacio. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

UKRAINE

Hope!

Yevgenia Belorusets, Nikita Kadan, Zhanna Kadyrova, Mykola Ridnyi & SerhiyZhadan, Anna Zvyagintseva, Open Group, Artem Volokitin

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Björn Geldhof. Venue: Riva dei Sette Martiri

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

1980 – Today: Exhibitions in the United Arab Emirates

Abdullah Al Saadi, Abdul Qader Al Rais, Abdulraheem Salim, Abdulrahman Zainal, Ahmed Al Ansari, Ahmed Sharif, Hassan Sharif, Mohamed Yousif, Mohammed Abdullah Bulhiah, Mohammed Al Qassab, Mohammed Kazem, Moosa Al Halyan, Najat Meky, Obaid Suroor, Salem Jawhar

Commissioner: Salama bint Hamdan Al Nahyan Foundation. Curator: Hoor Al Qasimi. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d'Armi

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Joan Jonas: They Come to Us Without a Word

Joan Jonas

Commissioner: Paul C. Ha. Deputy Commissioner: MIT List Visual Arts Center. Curators: Ute Meta Bauer, Paul C. Ha. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

URUGUAY

Global Myopia II (Pencil & Paper)

Marco Maggi

Commissioner: Ricardo Pascale. Curator: Patricia Bentancour. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

VENEZUELA, Bolivarian Republic of

Te doy mi palabra (I give you my word)

Argelia Bravo, Félix Molina (Flix)

Commissioner: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Commissioner: Reinaldo Landaeta Díaz. Curator: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Curator: Morella Jurado. Scientific Committee: Carlos Pou Ruan. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ZIMBABWE, Republic of

Pixels of Ubuntu/Unhu: - Exploring the social and cultural identities of the 21st century.

Chikonzero Chazunguza, Masimba Hwati, Gareth Nyandoro

Commissioner: Doreen Sibanda. Curator: Raphael Chikukwa. Deputy Curator: Tafadzwa Gwetai. Scientific Committee: Saki Mafundikwa, Biggie Samwanda, Fabian Kangai, Reverend Paul Damasane, Nontsikelelo Mutiti, Stephen Garan'anga, Dominic Benhura. Venue: Santa Maria della Pieta

ITALO-LATIN AMERICAN INSTITUTE

Voces Indígenas

Commissioner: Sylvia Irrazábal. Curator: Alfons Hug. Deputy Curator: Alberto Saraiva. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

ARGENTINA

Sofia Medici and Laura Kalauz

PLURINATIONAL STATE OF BOLIVIA

Sonia Falcone and José Laura Yapita

BRAZIL

Adriana Barreto

Paulo Nazareth

CHILE

Rainer Krause

COLOMBIA

León David Cobo,

María Cristina Rincón and Claudia Rodríguez

COSTA RICA

Priscilla Monge

ECUADOR

Fabiano Kueva

EL SALVADOR

Mauricio Kabistan

GUATEMALA

Sandra Monterroso

HAITI

Barbara Prézeau Stephenson

HONDURAS

Leonardo González

PANAMA

Humberto Vélez

NICARAGUA

Raúl Quintanilla

PARAGUAY

Erika Meza

Javier López

PERU

José Huamán Turpo

URUGUAY

Gustavo Tabares

Ellen Slegers

001 Inverso Mundus. AES+F

Magazzino del Sale n. 5, Dorsoduro, 265 (Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Saloni); Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 31st

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

Catalonia in Venice: Singularity

Cantieri Navali, Castello, 40 (Calle Quintavalle)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Institut Ramon Llull

venezia2015.llull.cat

Conversion. Recycle Group

Chiesa di Sant’Antonin, Castello (Campo Sant’Antonin)

May 6th - October 31st

Organization: Moscow Museum of Modern Art

Dansaekhwa

Palazzo Contarini-Polignac, Dorsoduro, 874 (Accademia)

May 7th – August 15th

Organization: The Boghossian Foundation

Dispossession

Palazzo Donà Brusa, Campo San Polo, 2177

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: European Capital of Culture Wroclaw 2016

wroclaw2016.pl/biennale/

EM15 presents Doug Fishbone’s Leisure Land Golf

Arsenale Docks, Castello, 40A, 40B, 41C

May 6th - July 26th

Organization: EM15

Eredità e Sperimentazione

Grand Hotel Hungaria & Ausonia, Viale Santa Maria Elisabetta, 28, Lido di Venezia

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Istituto Nazionale di BioArchitettura - Sezione di Padova

Frontiers Reimagined

Palazzo Grimani, Castello, 4858 (Ramo Grimani)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Tagore Foundation International; Polo museale del Veneto

Glasstress 2015 Gotika

Istituto Veneto di Scienze Lettere ed Arti, Palazzo Cavalli Franchetti, San Marco, 2847 (Campo Santo Stefano); Chiesa di Santa Maria della Visitazione, Centro Culturale Don Orione Artigianelli, Dorsoduro, 919 (Zattere); Fondazione Berengo, Campiello della Pescheria, 15, Murano;

May 9th — November 22nd

Organization: The State Hermitage Museum

Graham Fagen: Scotland + Venice 2015

Palazzo Fontana, Cannaregio, 3829 (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Scotland + Venice

Grisha Bruskin. An Archaeologist’s Collection

Former Chiesa di Santa Caterina, Cannaregio, 4941-4942

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Centro Studi sulle Arti della Russia (CSAR), Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia

Helen Sear, ... The Rest Is Smoke

Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Castello, 450 (Fondamenta San Gioacchin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Cymru yn Fenis/Wales in Venice

Highway to Hell

Palazzo Michiel, Cannaregio, 4391/A (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Hubei Museum of Art

Humanistic Nature and Society (Shan-Shui) – An Insight into the Future

Palazzo Faccanon, San Marco, 5016 (Mercerie)

May 7th – August 4th

Organization: Shanghai Himalayas Museum

In the Eye of the Thunderstorm: Effervescent Practices from the Arab World & South Asia

Dorsoduro, 417 (Zattere)

May 6th - November 15th

Organization: ArsCulture

Italia Docet | Laboratorium- Artists, Participants, Testimonials and Activated Spectators

Palazzo Barbarigo Minotto, San Marco, 2504 (Fondamenta Duodo o Barbarigo)

May 9th – June 30th; September 11st – October 31st

Organization: Italian Art Motherboard Foundation (i-AM Foundation)

Jaume Plensa: Together

Basilica di San Giorgio Maggiore, Isola di San Giorgio Maggiore

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Abbazia di San Giorgio Maggiore Benedicti Claustra Onlus

Jenny Holzer "War Paintings"

Museo Correr, San Marco, 52 (Piazza San Marco)

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: The Written Art Foundation; Museo Correr, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia

correr.visitmuve.it

Jump into the Unknown

Palazzo Loredan dell’Ambasciatore, Dorsoduro, 1261-1262

May 9th – June 18th

Organization: Nine Dragon Heads

9dh-venice.com

Learn from Masters

Palazzo Bembo, San Marco, 4793 (Riva del Carbon)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Pan Tianshou Foundation

pantianshou.caa.edu.cn/foundation_en

My East is Your West

Palazzo Benzon, San Marco, 3927

May 6th – October 31st

Organization: The Gujral Foundation

Ornamentalism. The Purvitis Prize

Arsenale Nord, Tesa 99

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Secretariat of the Latvian Presidency of the Council of the European Union in 2015

Path and Adventure

Arsenale, Castello, 2126/A (Campo della Tana)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau; The Macao Museum of Art; The Cultural Affairs Bureau

Patricia Cronin: Shrine for Girls, Venice

Chiesa di San Gallo, San Marco, 1103 (Campo San Gallo)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Brooklyn Rail Curatorial Projects

curatorialprojects.brooklynrail.org

Roberto Sebastian Matta. Sculture

Giardino di Palazzo Soranzo Cappello, Soprintendenza BAP per le Province di Venezia, Belluno, Padova e Treviso, Santa Croce, 770 (Fondamenta Rio Marin)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Echaurren Salaris

Salon Suisse: S.O.S. Dada - The World Is A Mess

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

May 9th; June 4th - 6th; September 10th - 12th; October 15th - 17th; November 19th – 21st

Organization: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia

Sean Scully: Land Sea

Palazzo Falier, San Marco, 2906

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Volume!

Sepphoris. Alessandro Valeri

Molino Stucky, interior atrium, Giudecca, 812

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Assessorato alla Cultura del Comune di Narni(TR); a Sidereal Space of Art; Satellite Berlin

Tesla Revisited

Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 18th

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

The Bridges of Graffiti

Arterminal c/o Terminal San Basilio, Dorsoduro (Fondamenta Zattere al Ponte Lungo)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Associazione Culturale Inossidabile

The Dialogue of Fire. Ceramic and Glass Masters from Barcelona to Venice

Palazzo Tiepolo Passi, San Polo, 2774

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization: Fundaciò Artigas; ArsCulture

The Question of Beings

Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello, 3701

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Museum of Contemporary Art, Taipei (MoCA, Taipei)

The Revenge of the Common Place

Università Ca' Foscari, Ca' Bernardo, Dorsoduro, 3199 (Calle Bernardo)

May 9th – September 30th

Organization: Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University Brussels-VUB)

The Silver Lining. Contemporary Art from Liechtenstein and other Microstates

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

October 24th – November 1st

Organization: Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein

The Sound of Creation. Paintings + Music by Beezy Bailey and Brian Eno

Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello, Palazzo Pisani, San Marco, 2810 (Campo Santo Stefano)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: ArsCulture

The Union of Fire and Water

Palazzo Barbaro, San Marco, 2840

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: YARAT Contemporary Art Organisation

Thirty Light Years - Theatre of Chinese Art

Palazzo Rossini, San Marco, 4013 (Campo Manin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: GAC Global Art Center Foundation; The Guangdong Museum of Art

Tsang Kin-Wah: The Infinite Nothing, Hong Kong in Venice

Arsenale, Castello, 2126 (Campo della Tana)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: M+, West Kowloon Cultural District; Hong Kong Arts Development Council

Under the Surface, Newfoundland and Labrador at Venice

Galleria Ca' Rezzonico, Dorsoduro, 2793

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Terra Nova Art Foundation

tnaf.ca

Ursula von Rydingsvard

Giardino della Marinaressa, Castello (Riva dei Sette Martiri)

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization:Yorkshire Sculpture Park

We Must Risk Delight: Twenty Artists from Los Angeles

Magazzino del Sale n. 3, Dorsoduro, 264 (Zattere)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: bardoLA

Wu Tien-Chang: Never Say Goodbye

Palazzo delle Prigioni, Castello, 4209 (San Marco)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Taipei Fine Arts Museum of Taiwan

Preguntas Teóricas y Obras de Arte aparecidas en las Convocatorias que siguen el Nuevo Modelo de Examen by Enrique Viola

3

[Una versión más legible se encontrará en la entrada del blog, cuyo enlace se señala a continuación.]

enriqueviolanevado.blogspot.com.es/2016/05/preguntas-teor...

El nuevo modelo de examen de Historia del Arte que rige la Selectividad Andaluza desde el curso 2012 – 2013 cuenta ya con tres ediciones que suponen diecisiete propuestas de examen de las cuales seis llegaron a ser escogidas como exámenes titulares. Debían ser dieciocho, pero una de las pruebas del curso 2014 – 2015 nunca llegó a ser publicada. Por otra parte desconocemos si algunas (o todas) las pruebas destinadas a exámenes de reservas se quedaron en eso o fueron efectivamente empleadas como exámenes para los alumnos con coincidencia horaria o que realizaron la prueba en otra fecha (debido a motivo de salud u otras justificaciones).

En cualquier caso nos encontramos con un juego de 68 cuestiones y otras tantas imágenes, Teniendo en cuentas que muchas de ellas se repiten, el conjunto queda reducido a 27 preguntas y 48 obras de arte. Llamaríamos a este repertorio «inventario», pero más bien merece el apelativo de «autopsia», pues el este modelo de examen se despide en el presente curso 2015-2016 con sólo cuatro años de rodaje. Con todo, tal vez subsista como modelo de transición para los alumnos que hayan cursado el actual modelo de bachillerato y se presenten a futuras pruebas. Algo así pasó con los alumnos del COU entre los años 2001 y 2003.

Pero volviendo al análisis de los juegos de exámenes de los últimos tres años, habrá que empezar por el diseño de esta prueba. Y advertir que el modelo que lo organiza no aparece descrito como tal en las directrices y orientaciones de la asignatura (al igual que el que sustituyó y que se venía aplicando desde el curso 2006-2007). En ambos casos se trata de acuerdos tomados por la ponencia y que se renovaban cada años.

Si la selección de contenidos cambia, el modelo de examen ha venido mantenido el mismo formato. Consta de dos opciones: «A» y «B», de las cuales el alumno desarrollará una. En cada una de ellas habrá de contestar obligatoriamente al comentario de dos láminas y a dos preguntas del programa.

En el modelo iniciado en el curso 2012-2013 el reparto se realizaba de la siguiente manera:

La Opción A: contiene dos cuestiones teóricas y dos ilustraciones para clasificar y comentar. Tantos las primeras como las segundas procederán de la parte del temario comprendida entre las Arte Prehistórico) y Arte Gótico, ambos inclusive.

La Opción B: contiene dos cuestiones teóricas y dos ilustraciones para clasificar y comentar. Tantos las primeras como las segundas procederán de la parte del temario comprendida entre el Arte Renacentista y el Arte del siglo XX), ambos inclusive. O sea que versará exclusivamente sobre el Arte Moderno y el Arte Contemporáneo.

Como ya sucedía en el anterior diseño de examen, no se incorporarán contenidos ni del Arte Ibérico ni del Arte Mudéjar.

El anterior modelo de examen estuvo vigente entre los cursos 2006-2007 y 2012-2012. En este período se organizaban los contenidos de la siguiente forma:

- La opción «A» constaba de dos preguntas y dos comentarios de lámina de Historia del Arte procedentes del Arte Prehistórico, el Arte Egipcio, el Arte Griego, el Arte Romano, el Arte Paleocristiano, el Arte Bizantino (estos dos comparten un único tema), el Arte Musulmán, el Arte Románico, el Arte Gótico, el Arte Renacentista y el Arte Barroco.

- La opción «B» constaba de dos preguntas y dos comentarios de lámina de Historia del Arte procedentes del Arte Musulmán, el Arte Románico, el Arte Gótico, el Arte Renacentista, el Arte Barroco, el Arte Neoclásico, el Arte del Siglo XIX y el Arte del Siglo XX.

Por tanto en cualquiera de las dos opciones, y esa es la gran diferencia con el modelo de 2013, podrían ser escogidos el Arte Musulmán, el Arte Románico, el Arte Gótico, el Arte Renacentista y el Arte Barroco. En la práctica, esta situación de privilegio se tradujo en una preponderancia absoluta del Renacimiento y del Barroco.

Cabría esperar, por tanto, que el cambio de diseño supondría una mayor presencia de los estilos anteriormente relegados (El prehistórico, el egipcio, el griego, el romano, el paleocristiano-bizantino, el neoclásico, el decimonónico y el novocentista). Pero esta alternativa no se produjo, por lo que se ha mantenido una continuidad absoluta que ha borrado cualquier impresión de barrera entre un modelo y otro.

Así, si bien es cierto que el arte prehistórico y la pintura del siglo XIX van ganando en protagonismo, lo cierto es que estas tendencias se iniciaron antes del curso 2012-2013. Además el Renacimiento y el Barroco han seguido manteniendo su posición preponderante. En fin, si se observa el ranquin de preguntas y obras de arte que incluimos al final, no se observarán diferencias significativas entre las que gozaban de preferencias antes de 2013.

Por señalar algunas tendencias propias de este último período puede apuntarse en la opción «A» el ascenso imparable del paleocristiano y del bizantino, la caída en picado de la mezquita de Córdoba (como imagen a comentar) y el auge de la pintura ítalo-gótica. En la opción «B» los contenidos que han sido escogidos en más ocasiones han sido Bernini (tanto arquitecto como escultor y tanto en pregunta como en comentarios), Goya (como pregunta o como comentario), Delacroix y la pintura del siglo XIX y, como obvio comentario, la Villa Saboya de Le Corbusier.

Secuenciado por temas, y de forma exhaustiva, nos encontramos con las siguientes preguntas y obras de arte escogidas.

Tema 2 Arte Prehistórico

Pregunta Teórica

-La pintura rupestre de las cuevas franco-cantábricas y de los abrigos levantinos (2013 P #1 Ex Jun).

Obras de Arte

-Techo de la Gran Sala de la Cueva de Altamira (2013 P # 5).

-Bisonte agazapado de la Cueva de Altamira (2015 P #2).

Tema 3 Arte Egipcio

Preguntas Teóricas

-Arquitectura egipcia. La tumba y el templo (2013 P #3, 2015 P #4 Ex Jun).

-La pregunta « Formas y características de la escultura y la pintura. » ha aparecido con las siguientes variantes:

●Arte egipcio. Formas y características de la escultura y la pintura (2015 P #5).

●La escultura y la pintura egipcias (2013 P #6).

Obras de Arte

-Pirámide de Zoser de Imhotep (2014 P#4).

-Busto de Nefertiti de Tutmose (2013 P #4 Ex Sep).

Tema 4 Arte Griego

Preguntas Teóricas

-El templo griego: el Partenón (2013 P # 2, 2014 P # 3 Ex Sep).

-La escultura griega de los períodos clásico y helenístico (2013 P #1 Ex Jun).

[Esta pregunta no figura en el temario. Fusiona el apartado: «La escultura. Los grandes maestros de los siglos V y IV. Policleto y Fidias. Praxiteles y Scopas. Lisipo y su canon.» con la mayor parte del epígrafe «El periodo helenístico».]

Obras de Arte

-Vista exterior del Partenón de Ictino, Calícrates y Fidias (2013 P #4 Ex Sep, 2014 P #1).

-Fachada occidental del Partenón de Ictino, Calícrates y Fidias (2013 P #6).

-Copia romana del Doríforo de Policleto (2013 P # 5, 2015 P #3 Ex Sep).

-Hermes con el niño Dionisos de Praxíteles (2014 P #2 Ex Jun y 2015 P #1).

-Laocoonte y sus hijos de Agesandro, Polidoro y Atenodoro de Rodas (2013 P #3, 2015 P #6).

Tema 5 Arte Romano

Pregunta Teórica

-La pregunta «Escultura. El retrato y el relieve histórico» ha aparecido con las siguientes variantes:

●Escultura romana. El retrato y el relieve histórico (2014 P # 4, 2015 P #1, 2015 P #2).

●La escultura romana: el retrato y el relieve histórico (2013 P # 2, 2014 P #5).

Obras de Arte

-La «Maison Carrée» de Nimes (2014 P #2 Ex Jun).

-El Anfiteatro Flavio, conocido como «El Coliseo» (2015 P #5).

-El Augusto de Prima Porta (2015 P #4 Ex Jun).

Tema 6 Arte Paleocristiano y Bizantino

Pregunta Teórica

-Los edificios bizantinos y la cúpula: Santa Sofía (2014 P#1, 2015 P #3 Ex Sep, 2015 P #6).

Obras de Arte

-Interior de la Basílica de Santa Sabina, Roma (2015 P #4 Ex Jun).

-Mosaico del Justiniano y su Séquito (2014 P #3 Ex Sep).

Tema 7 Arte Musulmán de Al-Ándalus

Preguntas Teóricas

-La pregunta «Arquitectura. Arte califal: la mezquita de Córdoba, arquitectura y decoración. La ciudad palatina de Medina Azahra.» ha aparecido con las siguientes variantes:

●Arquitectura islámica. Arte califal. La Mezquita de Córdoba y la ciudad palatina de Medina Azahara (2013 P #3).

●Arquitectura del arte Hispano-musulmán califal: la mezquita de Córdoba (2013 P # 5).

●El arte califal: la mezquita de Córdoba y la ciudad palatina de Medina Azahra (2014 P #5).

-El arte nazarí: la Alhambra y el Generalife (2013 P #4 Ex Sep, 2013 P #6, 2014 P #3 Ex Sep, 2014 P #4, 2015 P #2).

Obras de Arte

-El Patio de los Leones de la Alhambra (2013 P #1 Ex Jun).

-El Patio de Comares o de los Arrayanes (2015 P #3 Ex Sep).

Tema 8 Arte Románico

Preguntas Teóricas

-La pregunta «Arquitectura. Elementos formales y soluciones constructivas. La iglesia de peregrinación y el monasterio.» ha aparecido con las siguientes variantes:

●Arquitectura del arte Románico: la iglesia de peregrinación (2013 P # 5, 2014 P #2 Ex Jun).

●La arquitectura románica. Elementos formales y soluciones constructivas. La iglesia de peregrinación (2015 P #1).

-La pregunta «Escultura y pintura.» ha aparecido con las siguientes variantes:

●Escultura y pintura románicas (2015 P #6).

●La escultura y la pintura románicas (2013 P #4 Ex Sep, 2014 P #1).

Obras de Arte

-Tímpano de Saint Pierre de Moissac (2014 P #3 Ex Sep, 2015 P #2).

-El Pórtico de la Gloria de la Catedral de Santiago de Compostela del Maestro Mateo (2013 P # 2, 2013 P #6, 2015 P #5).

-Maiestas Mariae de Santa María de Tahull (2014 P #4).

-Maiestas Domini de San Clemente de Tahull (2014 P #5).

Tema 9 Arte Gótico

Preguntas Teóricas

-Características generales de la arquitectura gótica (2015 P # 2015).

-La pregunta «La pintura italiana del Trecento: Florencia y Siena.» ha aparecido con las siguientes variantes:

●La pintura italiana del Trecento: Siena y Florencia (2014 P #2 Ex Jun, 2015 P #3 Ex Sep).

●La pintura italiana del Trecento: Florencia y Siena (2015 P #4 Ex Jun).

Obras de Arte

-Exterior de la Catedral de León (2014 P #5).

-Tríptico de la Anunciación de Simone Martini y Lippo Memmi (2015 P#1).

-El Políptico del Cordero Místico de Hubert y Jan van Eyck (2013 P # 2).

-La Adoración del Cordero Místico, panel del Retablo de Gante de Hubert y Jan van Eyck (2013 P #1 Ex Jun).

-El Matrimonio Arnolfini de Jan van Eyck (2013 P #3, 2014 P #1, 2015 P #6).

Tema 11 Arte Renacentista y Manierista

Preguntas Teóricas

-La pregunta «El Quattrocento italiano. Arquitectura: Brunelleschi y Alberti. Escultura: Donatello y Ghiberti. Pintura: Fra Angelico, Masaccio, Piero della Francesca y Botticelli.» ha aparecido con las siguientes variantes:

●Arquitectura del Quattrocento italiano: Brunelleschi y Alberti (2015 P #6).

●La arquitectura del Quattrocento italiano: Brunelleschi y Alberti (2014 P #1, 2015 P #2, 2015 P #3).

●La arquitectura italiana del Quattrocento: Brunelleschi y Alberti (2013 P #4 Ex Sep).

●Escultura del Quattrocento italiano: Ghiberti y Donatello (2015 P #3 Ex Sep).

-La pregunta « El Cinquecento y la crisis del Manierismo en Italia. Arquitectura: Bramante, Miguel Angel y Palladio. Escultura: Miguel Ángel. Pintura: Leonardo, Rafael y Miguel Angel. La escuela veneciana.» ha aparecido con las siguientes variantes:

●La escultura italiana del Cinquecento: Miguel Ángel Buonarroti (2013 P #4 Ex Sep).

●Miguel Ángel escultor (2013 P #6).

-La arquitectura renacentista en España: del Plateresco a El Escorial (2013 P #1 Ex Jun, 2015 P #6).

Obras de Arte

-Cúpula de la Catedral de Florencia de Brunelleschi (2014 P #2 Ex Jun).

-La Villa Capra “La Rotonda” de Palladio (2014 P #3 Ex Sep).

-La Piedad de Miguel Ángel (2014 P#5).

-El Moisés de Miguel Ángel (2013 P # 2, 2013 P # 5, 2015 P #4 Ex Jun).

-Patio del Palacio de Carlos V, Granada de Pedro Machuca (2013 P #3).

-El Expolio de Cristo del Greco (2014 P #4).

Tema 12 Arte Barroco

Preguntas Teóricas

-La pregunta «La arquitectura en Italia y Francia. Las plantas alabeadas de Bernini y Borromini. El palacio clasicista francés: Versalles» ha aparecido con las siguientes variantes:

●La arquitectura barroca italiana: Bernini y Borromini (2013 P # 2).

●Las plantas alabeadas de Bernini y Borromini (2015 P #4 Ex Jun),

-La pregunta « Escultura en Italia: Bernini.» ha aparecido con las siguientes variantes:

●La escultura barroca en Italia: Bernini (2014 P #2 Ex Jun, 2014 P #4).

●La escultura barroca en Italia: Gian Lorenzo Bernini (2013 P #3).

-La pintura barroca en Flandes y en Holanda: Rubens y Rembrandt (2015 P #3 Ex Sep).

-Arte barroco. La gran imaginería: Castilla y Andalucía. Murcia (2014 P #3 Ex Sep).

-La pregunta « La pintura barroca. El naturalismo tenebrista: Ribera y Zurbarán. Realismo Barroco: Velázquez y Murillo.» ha aparecido con las siguientes variantes:

●La pintura barroca en España: Velázquez (2013 P # 5).

●La pintura barroca española: Velázquez y Murillo (2014 P #5).

Obras de Arte

-La Plaza de San Pedro de Roma de Gian Lorenzo Bernini (2013 P #6).

-El David de Gian Lorenzo Bernini (2015 P #2).

-El éxtasis de Santa Teresa de Gian Lorenzo Bernini (2013 P #1 Ex Jun, 2014 P #1, 2015 P #5, 2015 P #6)).

-La lección de anatomía del doctor Tulp de Rembrandt (2015 P #5).

-Cristo yacente de Gregorio Fernández del Museo Nacional de Escultura, Valladolid (2015 P #1).

-Las Meninas de Diego Velázquez (2013 P #4 Ex Sep).

Tema 13 Arte Neoclásico

Pregunta Teórica

-Francisco de Goya (2013 P #1 Ex Jun, 2013 P # 2, 2013 P #6, 2014 P #1, 2015 P #4 Ex Jun, 2015 P #6).

Obra de Arte

-La Familia de Carlos IV de Francisco de Goya (2013 P # 5, 2015 P #3 Ex Sep).

Tema 14 Arte del Siglo XIX

Preguntas Teóricas

-La pregunta « Introducción. Romanticismo: Delacroix; Realismo: Courbet.» ha aparecido con las siguientes variantes:

●Arte del siglo XIX. Romanticismo: Delacroix y Realismo: Courbet (2013 P #3).

●Arte del siglo XIX. Romanticismo: Delacroix; Realismo: Courbet (2014 P #3 Ex Sep).

●La pintura del romanticismo: Delacroix (2014 P #2 Ex Jun).

-El Impresionismo: Monet, Renoir, Degas (2014 P #4, 2015 P #2, 2015 P#3).

-El postimpresionismo: Cézanne, Gauguin y van Gogh (2014 P #4, 2015 P #5).

Obras de Arte

-Exterior de la Casa Milà de Gaudí (2013 P # 2).

-Exterior del Templo Expiatorio de la Sagrada Familia (2014 P #5, 2015 P #2).

-Baile en el Moulin de la Galette de Pierre-Auguste Renoir (2013 P #1 Ex Jun).

Tema 15 Arte del Siglo XX

Pregunta Teórica

-La arquitectura del siglo XX: el Racionalismo (2013 P # 5).

Obras de Arte

-La Villa Saboya de Le Corbusier (2014 P #1, 2015 P #3 Ex Sep, 2015 P #6).

-Capilla de Notre-Dame-du-Haut de Ronchamp de Le Corbusier (2014 P #4).

-La Raya Verde de Henri Matisse (2014 P #3 Ex Sep, 2015 P #4 Ex Jun).

-La Danza de Henri Matisse – versión del Ermitage (2013 P #3, 2014 P #2 Ex Jun).

-La Señoritas de Aviñón de Pablo Picasso (2013 P #4 Ex Sep, 2013 P #6).

-Naturaleza muerta con asiento de rejilla de Pablo Picasso (2015 P #1).

Y organizándolas en un ranquin por apariciones en cada una de los bloques el repertorio quedaría organizado de la siguiente forma:

Opción «A»

Preguntas Teóricas

-La escultura romana: El retrato y el relieve histórico (en cinco ocasiones).

-El arte nazarí: la Alhambra y el Generalife (en cinco ocasiones).

-La mezquita de Córdoba y la ciudad palatina de Medina Azahra (en tres ocasiones).

-La escultura y la pintura románicas (en tres ocasiones).

-La arquitectura románica (en tres ocasiones).

-Los edificios bizantinos y la cúpula: Santa Sofía (en tres ocasiones).

-La pintura italiana del Trecento: Florencia y Siena (en tres ocasiones).

-El templo griego: el Partenón (en dos ocasiones).

-La arquitectura egipcia. La tumba y el templo (en dos ocasiones).

-La escultura y la pintura egipcias (en dos ocasiones).

-La pintura rupestre de las cuevas franco-cantábricas y de los abrigos (en una ocasión).

-La escultura griega de los períodos clásico y helenístico (en una ocasión).

-Características generales de la arquitectura gótica (en una ocasión).

Obras de Arte

En tres ocasiones:

-El Pórtico de la Gloria de la Catedral de Santiago de Compostela del Maestro Mateo.

-El Matrimonio Arnolfini de Jan van Eyck.

En dos ocasiones:

-Laocoonte y sus hijos de Agesandro, Polidoro y Atenodoro de Rodas.

-Vista exterior del Partenón de Ictino, Calícrates y Fidias.

-Copia romana del Doríforo de Policleto.

-Hermes con el niño Dionisos de Praxíteles.

-Tímpano de Saint Pierre de Moissac.

En una ocasión.

-El Patio de los Leones de la Alhambra.

-La Adoración del Cordero Místico, panel del Retablo de Gante de Hubert y Jan van Eyck.

-El Políptico del Cordero Místico de Hubert y Jan van Eyck .

-Busto de Nefertiti de Tutmose.

-Techo de la Gran Sala de la Cueva de Altamira.

-Fachada occidental del Partenón de Ictino, Calícrates y Fidias.

-La «Maison Carrée» de Nimes.

-Mosaico del Justiniano y su Séquito.

-Pirámide de Zoser de Imhotep.

-Maiestas Mariae de Santa María de Tahull.

-Exterior de la Catedral de León.

-Maiestas Domini de San Clemente de Tahull.

-Tríptico de la Anunciación de Simone Martini y Lippo Memmi.

-Bisonte agazapado de la Cueva de Altamira.

-El Augusto de Prima Porta.

-El Patio de Comares o de los Arrayanes.

-Interior de la Basílica de Santa Sabina, Roma.

-El Anfiteatro Flavio, conocido como «El Coliseo».

Opción «B»

Preguntas Teóricas

-Francisco de Goya (en seis ocasiones).

-La arquitectura del Quattrocento italiano: Brunelleschi y Alberti (en cinco ocasiones).

-La pintura del romanticismo y la del realismo: Delacroix y Courbet (en tres ocasiones).

-La escultura barroca en Italia: Gian Lorenzo Bernini (en tres ocasiones).

-El Impresionismo: Monet, Renoir, Degas (en tres ocasiones).

-La arquitectura renacentista en España: del Plateresco a El Escorial (en dos ocasiones).

-La arquitectura barroca italiana: Bernini y Borromini (en dos ocasiones).

-La escultura italiana del Cinquecento: Miguel Ángel Buonarroti (en dos ocasiones).

-La pintura barroca en España (en dos ocasiones).

-El postimpresionismo: Cézanne, Gauguin y van Gogh (en dos ocasiones).

-La arquitectura del siglo XX: el Racionalismo (en una ocasión).

-Arte barroco. La gran imaginería: Castilla y Andalucía. Murcia (en una ocasión).

-La escultura del Quattrocento italiano: Ghiberti y Donatello (en una ocasión).

-La pintura barroca en Flandes y en Holanda: Rubens y Rembrandt (en una ocasión).

Obras de Arte

En cuatro ocasiones:

-El éxtasis de Santa Teresa de Gian Lorenzo Bernini.

En tres ocasiones:

-El Moisés de Miguel Ángel.

-La Villa Saboya de Le Corbusier.

En dos ocasiones:

-La Danza de Henri Matisse – versión del Ermitage.

-Las Señoritas de Aviñón de Pablo Picasso.

-La Familia de Carlos IV de Francisco de Goya.

-La Raya Verde de Henri Matisse.

-Exterior del Templo Expiatorio de la Sagrada Familia.

En una ocasión:

-Baile en el Moulin de la Galette de Pierre-Auguste Renoir.

-Exterior de la Casa Milà de Gaudí.

-Patio del Palacio de Carlos V, Granada de Pedro Machuca.

-Las Meninas de Diego Velázquez.

-La Plaza de San Pedro de Roma de Gian Lorenzo Bernini.

-Cúpula de la Catedral de Florencia de Brunelleschi.

-La Villa Capra “La Rotonda” de Palladio.

-Capilla de Notre-Dame-du-Haut de Ronchamp de Le Corbusier.

-El Expolio de Cristo del Greco.

-La Piedad de Miguel Ángel.

-Cristo yacente de Gregorio Fernández.

-Naturaleza muerta con asiento de rejilla de Pablo Picasso.

-El David de Gian Lorenzo Bernini.

Holy Russia, Moscow Architecture, Golden Cupolas of the Resurrection Church in Kadashi Sloboda, 2nd Kadashevsky Lane, Zamoskvorechye district. Православнаѧ Црковь. by Alexander SACALEVIC

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ALBANIA

Albanian Trilogy: A Series of Devious Stratagems

Armando Lulaj

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marco Scotini. Deputy Curator: Andris Brinkmanis. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

ANDORRA

Inner Landscapes

Roqué, Joan Xandri

Commissioner: Henry Périer. Deputy Commissioner: Joana Baygual, Sebastià Petit, Francesc Rodríguez

Curator: Paolo de Grandis, Josep M. Ubach. Venue: Spiazzi, Castello 3865

ANGOLA

On Ways of Travelling

António Ole, Binelde Hyrcan, Délio Jasse, Francisco Vidal, Nelo Teixeira

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Rita Guedes Tavares. Curator: António Ole. Deputy Curator: Antonia Gaeta. Venue: Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello - Palazzo Pisani, San Marco 2810

ARGENTINA

The Uprising of Form

Juan Carlos Diste´fano

Commissioner: Magdalena Faillace. Curator: Mari´a Teresa Constantin. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

ARMENIA, Republic of

Armenity / Haiyutioun

Haig Aivazian, Lebanon; Nigol Bezjian, Syria/USA; Anna Boghiguian Egypt/Canada; Hera Büyüktasçiyan, Turkey; Silvina Der-Meguerditchian, Argentina/Germany; Rene Gabri & Ayreen Anastas, Iran/Palestine/USA; Mekhitar Garabedian, Belgium; Aikaterini Gegisian, Greece; Yervant Gianikian & Angela Ricci Lucchi, Italy; Aram Jibilian, USA; Nina Katchadourian, USA/Finland; Melik Ohanian, France; Mikayel Ohanjanyan, Armenia/Italy; Rosana Palazyan, Brazil; Sarkis, Turkey/France; Hrair Sarkissian, Syria/UK

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Armenia. Deputy Commissioner: Art for the World, Mekhitarist Congregation of San Lazzaro Island, Embassy of the Republic of Armenia in Italy, Vartan Karapetian. Curator: Adelina Cüberyan von Fürstenberg. Venue: Monastery and Island of San Lazzaro degli Armeni

AUSTRALIA

Fiona Hall: Wrong Way Time

Fiona Hall

Commissioner: Simon Mordant AM. Deputy Commissioner: Charles Green. Curator: Linda Michael. Scientific Committee: Simon Mordant AM, Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev, Max Delany, Rachel Kent, Danie Mellor, Suhanya Raffel, Leigh Robb. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

AUSTRIA

Heimo Zobernig

Commissioner: Yilmaz Dziewior. Curator: Yilmaz Dziewior. Scientific Committee: Friends of the Venice Biennale. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

AZERBAIJAN, Republic of

Beyond the Line

Ashraf Murad, Javad Mirjavadov, Tofik Javadov, Rasim Babayev, Fazil Najafov, Huseyn Hagverdi, Shamil Najafzada

Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: de Pury de Pury, Emin Mammadov. Venue: Palazzo Lezze, Campo S.Stefano, San Marco 2949

Vita Vitale

Edward Burtynsky, Mircea Cantor, Loris Cecchini, Gordon Cheung, Khalil Chishtee, Tony Cragg, Laura Ford, Noemie Goudal, Siobhán Hapaska, Paul Huxley, IDEA laboratory and Leyla Aliyeva, Chris Jordan with Rebecca Clark and Helena S.Eitel, Tania Kovats, Aida Mahmudova, Sayyora Muin, Jacco Olivier, Julian Opie, Julian Perry, Mike Perry, Bas Princen, Stephanie Quayle, Ugo Rondinone, Graham Stevens, Diana Thater, Andy Warhol, Bill Woodrow, Erwin Wurm, Rose Wylie

Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: Artwise: Susie Allen, Laura Culpan, Dea Vanagan. Venue: Ca’ Garzoni, San Marco 3416

BELARUS, Republic of

War Witness Archive

Konstantin Selikhanov

Commissioner: Natallia Sharanhovich. Deputy Commissioners: Alena Vasileuskaya, Kamilia Yanushkevich. Curators: Aleksei Shinkarenko, Olga Rybchinskaya. Scientific Committee: Dmitry Korol, Daria Amelkovich, Julia Kondratyuk, Sergei Jeihala, Sheena Macfarlane, Yuliya Heisik, Hanna Samarskaya, Taras Kaliahin, Aliaksandr Stasevich. Venue: Riva San Biagio, Castello 2145

BELGIUM

Personnes et les autres

Vincent Meessen and Guests, Mathieu K. Abonnenc, Sammy Baloji, James Beckett, Elisabetta Benassi, Patrick Bernier & Olive Martin, Tamar Guimara~es & Kasper Akhøj, Maryam Jafri, Adam Pendleton

Commissioner: Wallonia-Brussels Federation and Wallonia-Brussels International. Curator: Katerina Gregos. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

COSTA RICA

"Costa Rica, Paese di pace, invita a un linguaggio universale d'intesa tra i popoli".

Andrea Prandi, Beatrice Gallori, Beth Parin, Biagio Schembari, Carla Castaldo, Celestina Avanzini, Cesare Berlingeri, Erminio Tansini, Fabio Capitanio, Fausto Beretti, Giovan Battista Pedrazzini, Giovanni Lamberti, Giovanni Tenga, Iana Zanoskar, Jim Prescott, Leonardo Beccegato, Liliana Scocco, Lucia Bolzano, Marcela Vicuna, Marco Bellagamba, Marco Lodola, Maria Gioia dell’Aglio, Mario Bernardinello, Massimo Meucci, Nacha Piattini, Omar Ronda, Renzo Eusebi, Tita Patti, Romina Power, Rubens Fogacci, Silvio di Pietro, Stefano Sichel, Tino Stefanoni, Ufemia Ritz, Ugo Borlenghi, Umberto Mariani, Venere Chillemi, Jacqueline Gallicot Madar, Massimo Onnis, Fedora Spinelli

Commissioner: Ileana Ordonez Chacon. Curator: Gregorio Rossi. Venue: Palazzo Bollani

CROATIA

Studies on Shivering: The Third Degree

Damir Ocko

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marc Bembekoff. Venue: Palazzo Pisani, S. Marina

CUBA

El artista entre la individualidad y el contexto

Lida Abdul, Celia-Yunior, Grethell Rasúa, Giuseppe Stampone, LinYilin, Luis Edgardo Gómez Armenteros, Olga Chernysheva, Susana Pilar Delahante Matienzo

Commissioner: Miria Vicini. Curators: Jorge Fernández Torres, Giacomo Zaza. Venue: San Servolo Island

CYPRUS, Republic of

Two Days After Forever

Christodoulos Panayiotou

Commissioner: Louli Michaelidou. Deputy Commissioner: Angela Skordi. Curator: Omar Kholeif. Deputy Curator: Daniella Rose King. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, Sestiere San Marco 3079

CZECH Republic and SLOVAK Republic

Apotheosis

Jirí David

Commissioner: Adam Budak. Deputy Commissioner: Barbara Holomkova. Curator: Katarina Rusnakova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ECUADOR

Gold Water: Apocalyptic Black Mirrors

Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla in collaboration with Lucia Vallarino Peet

Commissioner: Andrea Gonzàlez Sanchez. Deputy Commissioner: PDG Arte Communications. Curator: Ileana Cornea. Deputy Curator: Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla. Venue: Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello 3701

ESTONIA

NSFW. From the Abyss of History

Jaanus Samma

Commissioner: Maria Arusoo. Curator: Eugenio Viola. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, campo San Samuele, San Marco 3199

EGYPT

CAN YOU SEE

Ahmed Abdel Fatah, Gamal Elkheshen, Maher Dawoud

Commissioner: Hany Al Ashkar. Curator: Ministry of Culture. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

FINLAND (Pavilion Alvar Aalto)

Hours, Years, Aeons

IC-98

Commissioner: Frame Visual Art Finland, Raija Koli. Curator: Taru Elfving. Deputy Curator: Anna Virtanen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

FRANCE

revolutions

Céleste Boursier-Mougenot

Commissioner: Institut français, with Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication. Curator: Emma Lavigne. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GEORGIA

Crawling Border

Rusudan Gobejishvili Khizanishvili, Irakli Bluishvili, Dimitri Chikvaidze, Joseph Sabia

Commissioner: Ana Riaboshenko. Curator: Nia Mgaloblishvili. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

GERMANY

Fabrik

Jasmina Metwaly / Philip Rizk, Olaf Nicolai, Hito Steyerl, Tobias Zielony

Commissioner: ifa (Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen) on behalf of the Federal Foreign Office. Deputy Commissioner: Elke aus dem Moore, Nina Hülsmeier. Curator: Florian Ebner. Deputy Curator: Tanja Milewsky, Ilina Koralova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GREAT BRITAIN

Sarah Lucas

Commissioner: Emma Dexter. Curator: Richard Riley. Deputy Curator: Katrina Schwarz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GRENADA *

Present Nearness

Oliver Benoit, Maria McClafferty, Asher Mains, Francesco Bosso and Carmine Ciccarini, Guiseppe Linardi

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: Susan Mains. Curator: Susan Mains. Deputy Curator: Francesco Elisei. Venue: Opera don Orione Artigianelli, Sala Tiziano, Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Gesuati, Dorsoduro 919

GREECE

Why Look at Animals? AGRIMIKÁ.

Maria Papadimitriou

Commissioner: Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Education and Religious Affairs. Curator: Gabi Scardi. Deputy Curator: Alexios Papazacharias. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

BRAZIL

So much that it doesn't fit here

Antonio Manuel, André Komatsu, Berna Reale

Commissioner: Luis Terepins. Curator: Luiz Camillo Osorio. Deputy Curator: Cauê Alves. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

CANADA

Canadassimo

BGL

Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Marc Mayer. Deputy Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Yves Théoret. Curator: Marie Fraser. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

CHILE

Poéticas de la disidencia | Poetics of dissent: Paz Errázuriz - Lotty Rosenfeld

Paz Errázuriz, Lotty Rosenfeld

Commissioner: Antonio Arèvalo. Deputy Commissioner: Juan Pablo Vergara Undurraga. Curator: Nelly Richard. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

CHINA, People’s Republic of

Other Future

LIU Jiakun, LU Yang, TAN Dun, WEN Hui/Living Dance Studio, WU Wenguang/Caochangdi Work Station

Commissioner: China Arts and Entertainment Group, CAEG. Deputy Commissioners: Zhang Yu, Yan Dong. Curator: Beijing Contemporary Art Foundation. Scientific Committee: Fan Di’an, Zhang Zikang, Zhu Di, Gao Shiming, Zhu Qingsheng, Pu Tong, Shang Hui. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Giardino delle Vergini

GUATEMALA

Sweet Death

Emma Anticoli Borza, Sabrina Bertolelli, Mariadolores Castellanos, Max Leiva, Pier Domenico Magri, Adriana Montalto, Elmar Rojas (Elmar René Rojas Azurdia), Paolo Schmidlin, Mónica Serra, Elsie Wunderlich, Collettivo La Grande Bouffe

Commissioner: Daniele Radini Tedeschi. Curators: Stefania Pieralice, Carlo Marraffa, Elsie Wunderlich. Deputy Curators: Luciano Carini, Simone Pieralice. Venue: Officina delle Zattere, Dorsoduro 947, Fondamenta Nani

HOLY SEE

Commissioner: Em.mo Card. Gianfranco Ravasi, Presidente del Pontificio Consiglio della Cultura. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

HUNGARY

Sustainable Identities

Szilárd Cseke

Commissioner: Monika Balatoni. Deputy Commissioner: István Puskás, Sándor Fodor, Anna Karády. Curator: Kinga German. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ICELAND

Christoph Büchel

Commissioner: Björg Stefánsdóttir. Curator: Nína Magnúsdóttir. Venue: to be confirmed

INDONESIA, Republic of

Komodo Voyage

Heri Dono

Commissioner: Sapta Nirwandar. Deputy Commissioner: Soedarmadji JH Damais. Curator: Carla Bianpoen, Restu Imansari Kusumaningrum. Scientific Committee: Franco Laera, Asmudjo Jono Irianto, Watie Moerany, Elisabetta di Mambro. Venue: Venue: Arsenale

IRAN

Iranian Highlights

Samira Alikhanzaradeh, Mahmoud Bakhshi Moakhar, Jamshid Bayrami, Mohammed Ehsai

The Great Game

Lida Abdul, Bani Abidi, Adel Abidin, Amin Agheai, Ghodratollah Agheli, Shahriar Ahmadi, Parastou Ahovan, Farhad Ahrarnia, Rashad Alakbarov, Nazgol Ansarinia, Reza Aramesh, Alireza Astaneh, Sonia Balassanian, Mahmoud Bakhshi, Moakhar Wafaa Bilal, Mehdi Farhadian, Monir Farmanfarmaian, Shadi Ghadirian, Babak Golkar, Shilpa Gupta, Ghasem Hajizadeh, Shamsia Hassani, Sahand Hesamiyan, Sitara Ibrahimova, Pouran Jinchi, Amar Kanwar, Babak Kazemi, Ryas Komu, Ahmad Morshedloo, Farhad Moshiri, Mehrdad Mohebali, Huma Mulji, Azad Nanakeli, Jamal Penjweny, Imran Qureshi, Sara Rahbar, Rashid Rana, T.V. Santhosh, Walid Siti, Mohsen Taasha Wahidi, Mitra Tabrizian, Parviz Tanavoli, Newsha Tavakolian, Sadegh Tirafkan, Hema Upadhyay, Saira Wasim

Commissioner: Majid Mollanooruzi. Deputy Commissioners: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Curators: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Venue: Calle San Giovanni 1074/B, Cannaregio

IRAQ

Commissioner: Ruya Foundation for Contemporary Culture in Iraq (RUYA). Deputy Commissioner: Nuova Icona - Associazione Culturale per le Arti. Curator: Philippe Van Cauteren. Venue: Ca' Dandolo, San Polo 2879

IRELAND

Adventure: Capital

Sean Lynch

Commissioner: Mike Fitzpatrick. Curator: Woodrow Kernohan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

ISRAEL

Tsibi Geva | Archeology of the Present

Tsibi Geva

Commissioner: Arad Turgem, Michael Gov. Curator: Hadas Maor. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ITALY

Ministero dei Beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo - Direzione Generale Arte e Architettura Contemporanee e Periferie Urbane. Commissioner: Federica Galloni. Curator: Vincenzo Trione. Venue: Padiglione Italia, Tese delle Vergini at Arsenale

JAPAN

The Key in the Hand

Chiharu Shiota

Commissioner: The Japan Foundation. Deputy Commissioner: Yukihiro Ohira, Manako Kawata and Haruka Nakajima. Curator: Hitoshi Nakano. Venue : Pavilion at Giardini

KENYA

Creating Identities

Yvonne Apiyo Braendle-Amolo, Qin Feng, Shi Jinsong, Armando Tanzini, Li Zhanyang, Lan Zheng Hui, Li Gang, Double Fly Art Center

Commissioner: Paola Poponi. Curator: Sandro Orlandi Stagl. Deputy Curator: Ding Xuefeng. Venue: San Servolo Island

KOREA, Republic of

The Ways of Folding Space & Flying

MOON Kyungwon & JEON Joonho

Commissioner: Sook-Kyung Lee. Curator: Sook-Kyung Lee. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

KOSOVO, Republic of

Speculating on the blue

Flaka Haliti

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports. Curator: Nicolaus Schafhausen. Deputy Curator: Katharina Schendl. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

LATVIA

Armpit

Katrina Neiburga, Andris Eglitis

Commissioner: Solvita Krese (Latvian Centre for Contemporary Art). Deputy Commissioner: Kitija Vasiljeva. Curator: Kaspars Vanags. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

LITHUANIA

Museum

Dainius Liškevicius

Commissioner: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Deputy Commissioner: Rasa Antanaviciute. Curator: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Venue: Palazzo Zenobio, Fondamenta del Soccorso 2569, Dorsoduro

LUXEMBOURG, Grand Duchy of

Paradiso Lussemburgo

Filip Markiewicz

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: MUDAM Luxembourg. Curator: Paul Ardenne. Venue: Cà Del Duca, Corte del Duca Sforza, San Marco 3052

MACEDONIA, Former Yugoslavian Republic of

We are all in this alone

Hristina Ivanoska and Yane Calovski

Commissioner: Maja Nedelkoska Brzanova, National Gallery of Macedonia. Deputy Commissioner: Olivija Stoilkova. Curator: Basak Senova. Deputy Curator: Maja Cankulovska Mihajlovska. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Sale d’Armi

MAURITIUS *

From One Citizen You Gather an Idea

Sultana Haukim, Nirmal Hurry, Alix Le Juge, Olga Jürgenson, Helge Leiberg, Krishna Luchoomun, Neermala Luckeenarain, Kavinash Thomoo, Bik Van Der Pol, Laure Prouvost, Vitaly Pushnitsky, Römer + Römer

Commissioner: pARTage. Curators: Alfredo Cramerotti, Olga Jürgenson. Venue: Palazzo Flangini - Canareggio 252

MEXICO

Possesing Nature

Tania Candiani, Luis Felipe Ortega

Commissioner: Tomaso Radaelli. Deputy Commissioner: Magdalena Zavala Bonachea. Curator: Karla Jasso. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

MONGOLIA *

Other Home

Enkhbold Togmidshiirev, Unen Enkh

Commissioner: Gantuya Badamgarav, MCASA. Curator: Uranchimeg Tsultemin. Scientific Committee: David A Ross, Boldbaatar Chultemin. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

MONTENEGRO

,,Ti ricordi Sjecaš li se You Remember "

Aleksandar Duravcevic

Commissioner/Curator: Anastazija Miranovic. Deputy Commissioner: Danica Bogojevic. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero (piano terra), San Marco 3078-3079/A, Ramo Malipiero

MOZAMBIQUE, Republic of *

Theme: Coexistence of Tradition and Modernity in Contemporary Mozambique

Mozambique Artists

Commissioner: Joel Matias Libombo. Deputy Commissioner: Gilberto Paulino Cossa. Curator: Comissariado-Geral para a Expo Milano 2015. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

NETHERLANDS, The

herman de vries - to be all ways to be

herman de vries

Commissioner: Mondriaan Fund. Curators: Colin Huizing, Cees de Boer. Venue: Pavilion ar Giardini

NEW ZEALAND

Secret Power

Simon Denny

Commissioner: Heather Galbraith. Curator: Robert Leonard. Venue: Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Marco Polo Airport

NORDIC PAVILION (NORWAY)

Camille Norment

Commissioner: OCA, Office for Contemporary Art Norway. Curator: Katya García-Antón. Deputy Curator: Antonio Cataldo. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

PERU

Misplaced Ruins

Gilda Mantilla and Raimond Chaves

Commissioner: Armando Andrade de Lucio. Curator: Max Hernández-Calvo. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

PHILIPPINES

Tie a String Around the World

Manuel Conde, Carlos Francisco, Manny Montelibano, Jose Tence Ruiz

Commissioner: National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), Felipe M. de Leon Jr. Curator: Patrick D. Flores. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

POLAND

Halka/Haiti. 18°48’05”N 72°23’01”W

C.T. Jasper, Joanna Malinowska

Commissioner: Hanna Wróblewska. Deputy Commissioner: Joanna Wasko. Curator: Magdalena Moskalewicz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

PORTUGAL

I Will Be Your Mirror / poems and problems

João Louro

Commissioner/Curator: María de Corral. Venue: Palazzo Loredan, campo S. Stefano

ROMANIA

Adrian Ghenie: Darwin’s Room

Adrian Ghenie

Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Mihai Pop. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

Inventing the Truth. On Fiction and Reality

Michele Bressan, Carmen Dobre-Hametner, Alex Mirutziu, Lea Rasovszky, Stefan Sava, Larisa Sitar

Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Diana Marincu. Deputy Curators: Ephemair Association (Suzana Dan and Silvia Rogozea). Venue: New Gallery of the Romanian Institute for Culture and Humanistic Research in Venice

RUSSIA

The Green Pavilion

Irina Nakhova

Commissioner: Stella Kesaeva. Curator: Margarita Tupitsyn. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SERBIA

United Dead Nations

Ivan Grubanov

Commissioner: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Commissioner: Ana Bogdanovic. Curator: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Curator: Ana Bogdanovic. Scientific Committee: Jovan Despotovic. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SAN MARINO

Repubblica di San Marino “ Friendship Project “ China

Xu De Qi, Liu Dawei, Liu Ruo Wang, Ma Yuan, Li Lei, Zhang Hong Mei, Eleonora Mazza, Giuliano Giulianelli, Giancarlo Frisoni, Tony Margiotta, Elisa Monaldi, Valentina Pazzini

Commissioner: Istituti Culturali della Repubblica di San Marino. Curator: Vincenzo Sanfo. Venue: TBC

SEYCHELLES, Republic of *

A Clockwork Sunset

George Camille, Léon Wilma Loïs Radegonde

Commissioner: Seychelles Art Projects Foundation. Curators: Sarah J. McDonald, Victor Schaub Wong. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

SINGAPORE

Sea State

Charles Lim Yi Yong

Commissioner: Paul Tan, National Arts Council, Singapore. Curator: Shabbir Hussain Mustafa. Scientific Committee: Eugene Tan, Kathy Lai, Ahmad Bin Mashadi, June Yap, Emi Eu, Susie Lingham, Charles Merewether, Randy Chan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

SLOVENIA, Republic of

UTTER / The violent necessity for the embodied presence of hope

JAŠA

Commissioner: Simona Vidmar. Deputy Commissioner: Jure Kirbiš. Curators: Michele Drascek and Aurora Fonda. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

SPAIN

Los Sujetos (The Subjects)

Pepo Salazar, Cabello/Carceller, Francesc Ruiz, + Salvador Dalí

Commissioner: Ministerio Asuntos Exteriores. Gobierno de España. Curator: Marti Manen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

Origini della civiltà

Narine Ali, Ehsan Alar, Felipe Cardeña, Fouad Dahdouh, Aldo Damioli, Svitlana Grebenyuk, Mauro Reggio, Liu Shuishi, Nass ouh Zaghlouleh, Andrea Zucchi, Helidon Xhixha

Commissioner: Christian Maretti. Curator: Duccio Trombadori. Venue: Redentore – Giudecca, San Servolo Island

SWEDEN

Excavation of the Image: Imprint, Shadow, Spectre, Thought

Lina Selander

Commissioner: Ann-Sofi Noring. Curator: Lena Essling. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

SWITZERLAND

Our Product

Pamela Rosenkranz

Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Sandi Paucic and Marianne Burki. Deputy-Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Rachele Giudici Legittimo. Curator: Susanne Pfeffer. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

THAILAND

Earth, Air, Fire & Water

Kamol Tassananchalee

Commissioner: Chai Nakhonchai, Office of Contemporary Art and Culture (OCAC), Ministry of Culture. Curator: Richard David Garst. Deputy Curator: Pongdej Chaiyakut. Venue: Paradiso Gallerie, Giardini della Biennale, Castello 1260

TURKEY

Respiro

Sarkis

Commissioner: Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts. Curator: Defne Ayas. Deputy Curator: Ozge Ersoy. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

TUVALU

Crossing the Tide

Vincent J.F. Huang

Commissioner: Taukelina Finikaso. Deputy Commissioner: Temate Melitiana. Curator: Thomas J. Berghuis. Scientific Committee: Andrea Bonifacio. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

UKRAINE

Hope!

Yevgenia Belorusets, Nikita Kadan, Zhanna Kadyrova, Mykola Ridnyi & SerhiyZhadan, Anna Zvyagintseva, Open Group, Artem Volokitin

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Björn Geldhof. Venue: Riva dei Sette Martiri

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

1980 – Today: Exhibitions in the United Arab Emirates

Abdullah Al Saadi, Abdul Qader Al Rais, Abdulraheem Salim, Abdulrahman Zainal, Ahmed Al Ansari, Ahmed Sharif, Hassan Sharif, Mohamed Yousif, Mohammed Abdullah Bulhiah, Mohammed Al Qassab, Mohammed Kazem, Moosa Al Halyan, Najat Meky, Obaid Suroor, Salem Jawhar

Commissioner: Salama bint Hamdan Al Nahyan Foundation. Curator: Hoor Al Qasimi. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d'Armi

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Joan Jonas: They Come to Us Without a Word

Joan Jonas

Commissioner: Paul C. Ha. Deputy Commissioner: MIT List Visual Arts Center. Curators: Ute Meta Bauer, Paul C. Ha. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

URUGUAY

Global Myopia II (Pencil & Paper)

Marco Maggi

Commissioner: Ricardo Pascale. Curator: Patricia Bentancour. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

VENEZUELA, Bolivarian Republic of

Te doy mi palabra (I give you my word)

Argelia Bravo, Félix Molina (Flix)

Commissioner: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Commissioner: Reinaldo Landaeta Díaz. Curator: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Curator: Morella Jurado. Scientific Committee: Carlos Pou Ruan. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ZIMBABWE, Republic of

Pixels of Ubuntu/Unhu: - Exploring the social and cultural identities of the 21st century.

Chikonzero Chazunguza, Masimba Hwati, Gareth Nyandoro

Commissioner: Doreen Sibanda. Curator: Raphael Chikukwa. Deputy Curator: Tafadzwa Gwetai. Scientific Committee: Saki Mafundikwa, Biggie Samwanda, Fabian Kangai, Reverend Paul Damasane, Nontsikelelo Mutiti, Stephen Garan'anga, Dominic Benhura. Venue: Santa Maria della Pieta

ITALO-LATIN AMERICAN INSTITUTE

Voces Indígenas

Commissioner: Sylvia Irrazábal. Curator: Alfons Hug. Deputy Curator: Alberto Saraiva. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

ARGENTINA

Sofia Medici and Laura Kalauz

PLURINATIONAL STATE OF BOLIVIA

Sonia Falcone and José Laura Yapita

BRAZIL

Adriana Barreto

Paulo Nazareth

CHILE

Rainer Krause

COLOMBIA

León David Cobo,

María Cristina Rincón and Claudia Rodríguez

COSTA RICA

Priscilla Monge

ECUADOR

Fabiano Kueva

EL SALVADOR

Mauricio Kabistan

GUATEMALA

Sandra Monterroso

HAITI

Barbara Prézeau Stephenson

HONDURAS

Leonardo González

PANAMA

Humberto Vélez

NICARAGUA

Raúl Quintanilla

PARAGUAY

Erika Meza

Javier López

PERU

José Huamán Turpo

URUGUAY

Gustavo Tabares

Ellen Slegers

001 Inverso Mundus. AES+F

Magazzino del Sale n. 5, Dorsoduro, 265 (Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Saloni); Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 31st

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

Catalonia in Venice: Singularity

Cantieri Navali, Castello, 40 (Calle Quintavalle)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Institut Ramon Llull

venezia2015.llull.cat

Conversion. Recycle Group

Chiesa di Sant’Antonin, Castello (Campo Sant’Antonin)

May 6th - October 31st

Organization: Moscow Museum of Modern Art

Dansaekhwa

Palazzo Contarini-Polignac, Dorsoduro, 874 (Accademia)

May 7th – August 15th

Organization: The Boghossian Foundation

Dispossession

Palazzo Donà Brusa, Campo San Polo, 2177

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: European Capital of Culture Wroclaw 2016

wroclaw2016.pl/biennale/

EM15 presents Doug Fishbone’s Leisure Land Golf

Arsenale Docks, Castello, 40A, 40B, 41C

May 6th - July 26th

Organization: EM15

Eredità e Sperimentazione

Grand Hotel Hungaria & Ausonia, Viale Santa Maria Elisabetta, 28, Lido di Venezia

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Istituto Nazionale di BioArchitettura - Sezione di Padova

Frontiers Reimagined

Palazzo Grimani, Castello, 4858 (Ramo Grimani)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Tagore Foundation International; Polo museale del Veneto

Glasstress 2015 Gotika

Istituto Veneto di Scienze Lettere ed Arti, Palazzo Cavalli Franchetti, San Marco, 2847 (Campo Santo Stefano); Chiesa di Santa Maria della Visitazione, Centro Culturale Don Orione Artigianelli, Dorsoduro, 919 (Zattere); Fondazione Berengo, Campiello della Pescheria, 15, Murano;

May 9th — November 22nd

Organization: The State Hermitage Museum

Graham Fagen: Scotland + Venice 2015

Palazzo Fontana, Cannaregio, 3829 (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Scotland + Venice

Grisha Bruskin. An Archaeologist’s Collection

Former Chiesa di Santa Caterina, Cannaregio, 4941-4942

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Centro Studi sulle Arti della Russia (CSAR), Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia

Helen Sear, ... The Rest Is Smoke

Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Castello, 450 (Fondamenta San Gioacchin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Cymru yn Fenis/Wales in Venice

Highway to Hell

Palazzo Michiel, Cannaregio, 4391/A (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Hubei Museum of Art

Humanistic Nature and Society (Shan-Shui) – An Insight into the Future

Palazzo Faccanon, San Marco, 5016 (Mercerie)

May 7th – August 4th

Organization: Shanghai Himalayas Museum

In the Eye of the Thunderstorm: Effervescent Practices from the Arab World & South Asia

Dorsoduro, 417 (Zattere)

May 6th - November 15th

Organization: ArsCulture

Italia Docet | Laboratorium- Artists, Participants, Testimonials and Activated Spectators

Palazzo Barbarigo Minotto, San Marco, 2504 (Fondamenta Duodo o Barbarigo)

May 9th – June 30th; September 11st – October 31st

Organization: Italian Art Motherboard Foundation (i-AM Foundation)

Jaume Plensa: Together

Basilica di San Giorgio Maggiore, Isola di San Giorgio Maggiore

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Abbazia di San Giorgio Maggiore Benedicti Claustra Onlus

Jenny Holzer "War Paintings"

Museo Correr, San Marco, 52 (Piazza San Marco)

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: The Written Art Foundation; Museo Correr, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia

correr.visitmuve.it

Jump into the Unknown

Palazzo Loredan dell’Ambasciatore, Dorsoduro, 1261-1262

May 9th – June 18th

Organization: Nine Dragon Heads

9dh-venice.com

Learn from Masters

Palazzo Bembo, San Marco, 4793 (Riva del Carbon)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Pan Tianshou Foundation

pantianshou.caa.edu.cn/foundation_en

My East is Your West

Palazzo Benzon, San Marco, 3927

May 6th – October 31st

Organization: The Gujral Foundation

Ornamentalism. The Purvitis Prize

Arsenale Nord, Tesa 99

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Secretariat of the Latvian Presidency of the Council of the European Union in 2015

Path and Adventure

Arsenale, Castello, 2126/A (Campo della Tana)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau; The Macao Museum of Art; The Cultural Affairs Bureau

Patricia Cronin: Shrine for Girls, Venice

Chiesa di San Gallo, San Marco, 1103 (Campo San Gallo)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Brooklyn Rail Curatorial Projects

curatorialprojects.brooklynrail.org

Roberto Sebastian Matta. Sculture

Giardino di Palazzo Soranzo Cappello, Soprintendenza BAP per le Province di Venezia, Belluno, Padova e Treviso, Santa Croce, 770 (Fondamenta Rio Marin)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Echaurren Salaris

Salon Suisse: S.O.S. Dada - The World Is A Mess

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

May 9th; June 4th - 6th; September 10th - 12th; October 15th - 17th; November 19th – 21st

Organization: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia

Sean Scully: Land Sea

Palazzo Falier, San Marco, 2906

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Volume!

Sepphoris. Alessandro Valeri

Molino Stucky, interior atrium, Giudecca, 812

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Assessorato alla Cultura del Comune di Narni(TR); a Sidereal Space of Art; Satellite Berlin

Tesla Revisited

Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 18th

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

The Bridges of Graffiti

Arterminal c/o Terminal San Basilio, Dorsoduro (Fondamenta Zattere al Ponte Lungo)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Associazione Culturale Inossidabile

The Dialogue of Fire. Ceramic and Glass Masters from Barcelona to Venice

Palazzo Tiepolo Passi, San Polo, 2774

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization: Fundaciò Artigas; ArsCulture

The Question of Beings

Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello, 3701

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Museum of Contemporary Art, Taipei (MoCA, Taipei)

The Revenge of the Common Place

Università Ca' Foscari, Ca' Bernardo, Dorsoduro, 3199 (Calle Bernardo)

May 9th – September 30th

Organization: Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University Brussels-VUB)

The Silver Lining. Contemporary Art from Liechtenstein and other Microstates

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

October 24th – November 1st

Organization: Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein

The Sound of Creation. Paintings + Music by Beezy Bailey and Brian Eno

Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello, Palazzo Pisani, San Marco, 2810 (Campo Santo Stefano)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: ArsCulture

The Union of Fire and Water

Palazzo Barbaro, San Marco, 2840

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: YARAT Contemporary Art Organisation

Thirty Light Years - Theatre of Chinese Art

Palazzo Rossini, San Marco, 4013 (Campo Manin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: GAC Global Art Center Foundation; The Guangdong Museum of Art

Tsang Kin-Wah: The Infinite Nothing, Hong Kong in Venice

Arsenale, Castello, 2126 (Campo della Tana)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: M+, West Kowloon Cultural District; Hong Kong Arts Development Council

Under the Surface, Newfoundland and Labrador at Venice

Galleria Ca' Rezzonico, Dorsoduro, 2793

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Terra Nova Art Foundation

tnaf.ca

Ursula von Rydingsvard

Giardino della Marinaressa, Castello (Riva dei Sette Martiri)

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization:Yorkshire Sculpture Park

We Must Risk Delight: Twenty Artists from Los Angeles

Magazzino del Sale n. 3, Dorsoduro, 264 (Zattere)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: bardoLA

Wu Tien-Chang: Never Say Goodbye

Palazzo delle Prigioni, Castello, 4209 (San Marco)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Taipei Fine Arts Museum of Taiwan

The Resurrection Cathedral (Fragment of East facade with the Baroque Cone, the Golden Cupola & the Bell Tower), Resurrection New Jerusalem Monastery since 1666 (NovoYerusalimsky/Voskresensky), Istra Town, Istrinsky District, Moscow region, Russia. by Alexander SACALEVIC

La persecuzione e la sofferenza mi hanno fatto amare Dio ancora di più by Marna Turino

3

Fonte dell'immagine: La Chiesa di Dio Onnipotente

Condizioni d'Uso: Avviso legale e condizioni per l’uso

La persecuzione e la sofferenza mi hanno fatto amare Dio ancora di più

di Liu Zhen, provincia dello Shandong

Mi chiamo Liu Zhen. Ho 78 anni, e sono una semplice cristiana della Chiesa di Dio Onnipotente. Sono grata a Dio Onnipotente per avere scelto me, una donna anziana di un villaggio rurale, niente di speciale agli occhi del mondo. Dopo che ho accettato l’opera di Dio Onnipotente degli ultimi giorni, ho pregato Dio quotidianamente, ho ascoltato letture della parola di Dio, ho partecipato a incontri e sono stata in comunione con i miei fratelli e le mie sorelle; gradualmente, ho cominciato a capire alcune verità e ad avere una comprensione chiara di certe cose. Mi sentivo piena di gioia, e vivevo con una felicità che non avevo mai provato prima. Dato che sono anziana e ho difficoltà a camminare, non ero in grado di uscire di casa per andare agli incontri della Chiesa; quindi, preoccupati per me, i miei fratelli e sorelle si riunivano a casa mia. Non mancavano mai un incontro, nel gelo dell’inverno o nell’arsura dell’estate; né il vento, né la pioggia, né la neve hanno mai impedito loro di venirmi a trovare e di aver cura di me, una semplice donna anziana. In particolare, quando leggevamo la parola di Dio, se c’era qualcosa che non capivo, lo condividevano sempre con me con pazienza, senza mai ignorarmi né guardarmi dall’alto in basso. Ne ero profondamente commossa perché, se non fosse stato per l’amore di Dio, chi mai mi avrebbe mostrato tanta pazienza e tanto affetto? Nelle mie interazioni con i miei fratelli e sorelle, ho notato che erano molto differenti dai laici. Quello che vivevano era tolleranza e amore, erano in grado di aprire i loro cuori e di trattarsi l’un l’altro con sincerità, senza barriere né distanze tra loro. Erano uniti come una famiglia, e questo mi ha resa ancora più certa riguardo all’opera di Dio Onnipotente. Man mano che comprendevo nuove verità, mi sono resa conto che avrei dovuto compiere il mio dovere in quanto essere creato, quindi ho detto alla Chiesa che avevo intenzione di assumermi qualche responsabilità. Tuttavia, poiché la mia età mi impediva di assolvere la maggior parte delle funzioni, la Chiesa mi ha incaricata di svolgere la funzione di ospite a casa mia. Ho accettato, grata a Dio per avermi assegnato un compito adeguato alle mie capacità. Così, andavo molto d’accordo con i miei fratelli e le mie sorelle e provavo una grande sensazione di sollievo sia nel corpo che nella mente. Anche alcune malattie delle quali soffrivo hanno cominciato a migliorare, quindi ero ancora più grata a Dio Onnipotente per la Sua grazia e la Sua misericordia.

Tuttavia, i tempi felici non sono durati a lungo, poiché io e i miei fratelli e le mie sorelle del villaggio siamo stati denunciati da un malvagio. I miei fratelli e le mie sorelle sono stati tutti arrestati dalla polizia, che ha ordinato al segretario di partito del villaggio di portare anche me alla stazione di polizia. Giunta lì, la polizia mi ha chiesto: “Come sei giunta a credere in Dio? Perché credi in Dio?”. Ho risposto: “Credere in Dio è un principio immutabile. Leggendo la parola di Dio ogni giorno possiamo comprendere molte verità, essere brave persone secondo la Sua parola e seguire il giusto cammino nella vita. Chi crede in Dio non picchia né insulta altre persone, e obbedisce sempre alla legge. Quindi, cosa c’è di sbagliato nel credere in Dio? Perché ci arrestate?” L’agente mi ha guardata con disprezzo e mi ha chiesto in modo sgarbato: “Chi ti ha predicato il Vangelo? C’è qualcun altro nella tua famiglia che è credente?” Ho detto che ero l’unica nella mia famiglia a essere credente. Si sono resi conto che non avrebbero ottenuto alcuna informazione da me, quindi mi hanno rilasciata quel giorno stesso. Dopo essere andata via, mi sono chiesta perché la polizia mi avesse lasciata andare con tanta facilità. Solo una volta tornata a casa ho appreso che, quando i miei familiari avevano scoperto che ero stata portata alla stazione di polizia, avevano usato i loro contatti e versato la somma di 3.000 Yuan perché fossi rilasciata. Ma la polizia stava ancora seminando il disaccordo tra me e la mia famiglia, poiché aveva chiesto loro di impedirmi di credere in Dio. Mia nuora ha litigato con mio figlio per questo, e ha minacciato di suicidarsi bevendo del pesticida se avessi continuato a credere in Dio. È a questo punto che mi sono resa conto che la polizia del Partito Comunista Cinese è marcia fino al midollo. Avevo una famiglia perfettamente pacifica, e loro avevano agitato tanto le acque che adesso eravamo come cane e gatto! Io credevo nell’unico vero Dio che ha creato ogni cosa in cielo e in terra, e oggi Dio Onnipotente è venuto a salvarci chiedendoci di capire la verità, di vivere a sembianza d’uomo, di parlare e comportarci in maniera consona alla nostra coscienza e a ciò che è giusto, e di non agire contro la nostra umanità o la nostra morale. Non ho fatto altro che stare a casa a leggere la parola di Dio, organizzare incontri e compiere il mio dovere, il mio dovere, ma la polizia del Partito Comunista Cinese mi ha incastrata e mi ha accusata di “disturbo dell’ordine pubblico”. Ha alterato apertamente i fatti, distorto deliberatamente la verità, accusato arbitrariamente le persone di falsi crimini! Satana è davvero spregevole. Non erano che sfacciate calunnie, diffamazione maliziosa. La polizia aveva appreso da quell’informatore che io ospitavo incontri con i miei fratelli e sorelle nella mia casa, quindi dopo quel fatto non hanno smesso di tormentarmi. Poco dopo, mi hanno portata alla stazione di polizia per interrogarmi, e mi hanno minacciata dicendo: “Dicci i nomi dei leader della tua Chiesa e di quelli che ospiti in occasione degli incontri. Se non ce li dirai, ti chiuderemo in prigione!” Fermamente ma con correttezza, ho risposto: “Non so nulla! Non ho niente da dirvi!” La polizia era furente oltre ogni dire ma, dato che Dio mi proteggeva, non hanno osato mettermi le mani addosso.

Dopo avermi rilasciata, la polizia ha continuato a sorvegliarmi nella vana speranza di usarmi come esca per catturare un “pesce più grosso”. Avevo paura di coinvolgere i miei fratelli e le mie sorelle, quindi non osavo più tenermi in contatto con loro e perciò mi sono estraniata dalla vita della Chiesa. Senza di essa mi sentivo vuota nel cuore e priva di un rifugio, e mi sono gradualmente allontanata da Dio. Ogni giorno vivevo nel panico e nella paura, temendo nel profondo che la polizia sarebbe di nuovo venuta a prendermi. In precedenza avevo passato le giornate ascoltando la parola di Dio, e i Sermoni e la Condivisione, ma ora questo era impossibile perché, se mi avessero vista pregare o se avessi anche solo pronunciato la parola “Dio”, la mia famiglia mi avrebbe fatto una bella ramanzina. Mia nuora mi parlava sempre con freddezza perché ero stata multata dalla polizia, mentre mio marito e mio figlio mi rimproveravano di continuo. La famiglia che una volta aveva supportato la mia fede in Dio Onnipotente ora mi osteggiava e mi perseguitava in ogni modo. Questo mi riempiva di tristezza, il mio spirito si sentiva oppresso, vivevo in un’oscurità e un dolore mai sperimentati prima. Non avendo letture della parola di Dio da ascoltare ed essendo impossibile per me essere in comunione con i miei fratelli e sorelle, il mio spirito si sentiva incredibilmente arido. Ogni notte mi rigiravo nel letto, non riuscivo a dormire: spesso sentivo la mancanza delle ore felici che avevo passato negli incontri con i miei fratelli e sorelle. In momenti come quelli, odiavo il governo del Partito Comunista Cinese che aveva provocato tutta la mia infelicità, che mi aveva fatto perdere il diritto, spettante a ogni essere creato, di credere liberamente in Dio e di adorarLo, che mi aveva fatto perdere la mia vita nella Chiesa, mi aveva impedito di condividere in merito alla parola di Dio con i miei fratelli e con le mie sorelle, nonché di compiere il mio dovere. Nella mia infelicità, potevo solo pregare Dio in silenzio: “Oh, Dio! Vivo nell’oscurità, sento che il mio spirito si è inaridito, e desidero vivere la vita della Chiesa con i miei fratelli e le mie sorelle. Oh, Dio! Ti supplico di aprirmi una via!”

Mi sono presentata di fronte a Dio e ho continuato a invocarLo così. Dio ha davvero ascoltato le mie preghiere, poiché ha fatto sì che i miei fratelli e le mie sorelle mi venissero a trovare. Una delle sorelle sapeva che spesso mi recavo nei campi a raccogliere il cotone, quindi, in segreto, è venuta lì per incontrarmi, e abbiamo stabilito un orario per vederci lì. Ogni volta che ci incontravamo, uscivo presto nel campo per raccogliere il cotone; mentre tutti gli altri pranzavano, io mi accucciavo nel campo con la mia sorella per leggere la parola di Dio. Vedere la mia sorella è stato come vedere un parente perduto da tempo. Non potevo smettere di piangere di gioia. Le ho raccontato dell’ingiustizia e della tristezza che avevo sopportato, e anche delle incomprensioni con la mia famiglia. Mi ha confortata mentre le parole di Dio mi nutrivano, e abbiamo condiviso in merito alla volontà di Dio; gradualmente, la mia situazione ha cominciato a migliorare. La persecuzione da parte del governo del Partito Comunista Cinese ha fatto sì che potessimo incontrarci soltanto accucciate in un campo di cotone. Un giorno, abbiamo letto un passaggio della parola di Dio: “Fra di voi, non esiste un uomo che riceva la protezione della legge; anzi, siete penalizzati dalla legge e la difficoltà maggiore è che nessun uomo vi comprende, neanche i vostri parenti, i vostri genitori, i vostri amici o i vostri colleghi. Nessuno vi comprende. Quando Dio vi rifiuta, non avete modo di continuare a vivere sulla terra. Malgrado ciò, a dispetto di tutto, la gente non può sopportare di abbandonare Dio; questo è il significato della conquista della gente da parte di Dio, e questa è la gloria di Dio. […] Non si possono ricevere le benedizioni in uno o due giorni; vanno guadagnate con molto sacrificio. In altre parole, dovete avere un amore raffinato, una grande fede e le molte verità che Dio vi chiede di raggiungere; inoltre, dovete essere in grado di volgere lo sguardo alla giustizia e non essere mai intimiditi o sottomessi, e amare costantemente e incessantemente Dio. Vi viene chiesto di essere decisi, come pure di cambiare la vostra indole di vita; occorre correggere la vostra corruzione e dovete accettare tutto ciò che Dio vi ordina senza lamentarvi, e sapere persino essere obbedienti fino alla morte. Questo è quanto dovete conseguire. Questo è lo scopo finale dell’opera di Dio e ciò che Egli esige da questo gruppo di persone” (“Il lavoro di Dio è così semplice come crede l’uomo?” in “La Parola appare nella carne”). La parola di Dio mi ha fatto capire che per me era necessario sopportare la sofferenza di quel periodo. La Cina è una nazione dominata dall’ateismo nella quale chi crede in Dio è perseguitato e deriso, ma tale sofferenza era temporanea e limitata, ed era stata organizzata con attenzione da Dio per perfezionare la mia fede in Lui e la mia obbedienza nei Suoi confronti, in modo che io potessi, in futuro, ricevere meglio la Sua promessa e le Sue benedizioni. Non desideravo più nient’altro, perché avere Dio era sufficiente. Allo stesso tempo, mi sono resa conto che le leggi promulgate dal governo del Partito Comunista Cinese non erano che semplici trucchi per ingannare le persone. Agli occhi del mondo esterno il governo sostiene la libertà religiosa, ma in realtà i credenti in Dio non hanno nemmeno il diritto di leggerNe la parola o di incontrarsi. Semplicemente, il governo non tollera l’esistenza di chi crede in Dio e non consente alle persone di seguire Dio o la retta via nella vita. Proprio come dice Dio Onnipotente: “Libertà religiosa? Diritti e interessi legittimi dei cittadini? Sono tutti trucchi per celare il peccato!” (“Lavoro e ingresso (8)” in “La Parola appare nella carne”). I cieli e la terra creati da Dio sono vasti, ma in Cina chi crede in Dio non ha nessun appiglio. Chiunque creda in Dio viene arrestato e perseguitato dal Partito Comunista Cinese e la sua libertà viene limitata. Il Partito Comunista Cinese non desidera nulla di più che sterminare ogni singolo credente in Dio e trasformare la Cina in una nazione senza Dio. Il Partito Comunista Cinese è così corrotto, malvagio e reazionario. È davvero incompatibile con Dio, è un nemico di Dio che non Ne tollera l’esistenza!

Così, ho continuato a incontrare mia sorella in segreto, nel campo di cotone. Ma il tempo passava, e stava per arrivare l’inverno. Le foglie delle piante di cotone si appassivano e cadevano, e il campo non ci dava più una copertura per i nostri incontri, quindi mi sono ritrovata nuovamente senza fratelli né sorelle con i quali condividere la parola di Dio. Inizialmente sono stata in grado di tener fede alla parola di Dio e di mantenere un normale rapporto con Lui, ma senza ciò che la parola di Dio mi forniva, senza il suo nutrimento, il mio spirito si è fatto sempre più arido e secco, e ben presto sono caduta nuovamente nell’oscurità. Era come se fossi precipitata dal paradiso all’inferno, ed ero così infelice che anche la morte sarebbe stata preferibile. La mia famiglia credeva nelle menzogne della polizia, quindi mi teneva d’occhio ogni giorno e minacciava di picchiarmi se avessi continuato a credere in Dio Onnipotente. Non osavo pregare in casa; potevo farlo soltanto di notte, sotto le coperte, o quando non c’era nessuno in casa. Passavo ogni giorno così. Oltre a sopportare le recriminazioni della mia famiglia, dovevo sopportare anche le chiacchiere e i pettegolezzi della gente del villaggio. Di fronte a tutto questo mi sentivo particolarmente infelice, debole e impotente nello spirito, ero giù di morale ogni giorno. Sentivo che, avendo perso la vita della Chiesa, impossibilitata a leggere la parola di Dio e a vedere i miei fratelli e le mie sorelle, il semplice fatto di essere viva fosse un tormento e avesse perso tutta la sua gioia. Ripensavo a come, in passato, quando mi sentivo debole e affranta, le parole di Dio mi avevano sempre confortata, i miei fratelli e le mie sorelle mi avevano sempre sostenuta con pazienza e a come, una volta capita la volontà di Dio, mi ero sentita immediatamente a mio agio e libera, e il mio morale tornava a sollevarsi. Ma ora, a causa della persecuzione e della sorveglianza da parte della polizia, avevo perso il diritto di leggere la parola di Dio e non potevo nemmeno vedere i miei fratelli e le mie sorelle. Ogni giorno era uno sforzo, lungo e difficile; vedendo come campavo senza sentirmi viva, come se fossi morta, e ripensando a quanto ero stata piena di vita in passato, quando vivevo alla presenza di Dio nella Chiesa, mi sentivo afflitta e profondamente infelice. Quando poi ripensavo a come la mia famiglia fosse stata presa in giro e ingannata dal Partito Comunista Cinese, a come non mi capisse e a come avesse seguito le istruzioni del Partito nel limitare la mia libertà, sentivo il mio cuore spezzarsi ancora di più. Proprio quando mi sembrava di non avere più nessuno cui rivolgermi, pregavo Dio in continuazione supplicandoLo di aprirmi una via. “Oh, Dio! Ora non posso leggere la Tua parola né vivere la vita della Chiesa, e questa vita è diventata insopportabile per me. Oh, Dio! La mia famiglia è stata ingannata dal Partito Comunista Cinese e prova con tutte le forze a impedirmi di credere in Te. Ti prego, aiutami, permettimi di testimoniare le Tue azioni e fa’ sì che i miei familiari non siano più ingannati e usati da Satana. Oh, Dio! Desidero affidarTi la mia famiglia, e Ti chiedo di mostrarmi una via d’uscita”.

Grazie a Dio, Egli ha davvero ascoltato le mie preghiere. Qualche tempo dopo, una sera, sono improvvisamente svenuta davanti al letto. Mio marito era terrorizzato e non sapeva cosa fare, così mio figlio ha chiamato subito i servizi di emergenza. Quando il primo ospedale che ha risposto ha scoperto che la paziente era una vecchia gravemente malata, ha rifiutato di accettarmi. Mio figlio ha chiamato il numero di emergenza di un altro ospedale, e il medico ha detto che non avevo molte possibilità di tornare in me, che non aveva senso darsi da fare per salvarmi, che la mia famiglia avrebbe dovuto prepararsi al peggio. Ma mio figlio si è rifiutato di lasciar perdere, e li ha supplicati finché non hanno potuto fare altro che cedere e portarmi all’ospedale. Però, anche dopo le procedure di pronto soccorso, sono rimasta priva di conoscenza. Non c’era nulla che i medici potessero fare, e la mia famiglia era sicura che non sarei sopravvissuta. Ma nulla è impossibile per Dio, perché è stato allora che è avvenuto un miracolo! Dopo essere rimasta in un grave stato di coma per 18 ore, sono lentamente tornata in me. Tutti i presenti erano sbalorditi. Quando ho aperto gli occhi e ho visto i dottori, ho pensato di avere di fronte degli angeli. Ho chiesto loro dove fossi, uno mi ha risposto che ero in ospedale; mentre controllavano freneticamente i miei segni vitali, continuavano a borbottare: “È davvero un miracolo…” Ben presto mi sono alzata a sedere; avevo molta fame. L’infermiera mi ha dato da mangiare. Quando ho finito, mi sono sentita piena di forza e di energia. Sapevo che era stato uno degli atti miracolosi di Dio Onnipotente, che Dio aveva ascoltato le mie preghiere e che aveva aperto una via per me. Seduta sul letto, non sono riuscita a trattenermi dal cantare lodi a Dio. Il medico, stupito, non ha potuto fare a meno di chiedermi: “Signora, chi è questo Dio in cui lei crede?” Ho risposto: “Credo nell’unico vero Dio, che ha creato ogni cosa in cielo e in terra: Dio Onnipotente!” Il medico ha reagito guardandomi stupito, mentre la mia famiglia era sorpresa e felicissima nel vedermi cantare. Una volta uscita dall’ospedale, sono tornata a casa; uno alla volta, i miei vicini sono venuti a trovarmi e dicevano: “Incredibile! Tutti i medici avevano detto che non c’erano speranze, e invece ti sei svegliata. È un miracolo!” Ho testimoniato Dio con loro, dicendo che la mia guarigione era dovuta al grande potere di Dio, che Lui mi aveva salvata, che senza di Lui sarei morta, che era stato Dio a darmi un’altra possibilità di vivere. Ho detto loro che tutta l’umanità è stata creata da Dio, che è Dio a darci la vita, che Dio organizza e gestisce le nostre vite, che la gente non può allontanarsi dalla Sua guida perché allontanarsi da Dio significa morire. Dopo quell’esperienza, la mia famiglia ha smesso di opporsi alla mia fede in Dio, e Dio mi ha anche donato una benedizione inattesa: anche mio marito ha accettato la fase corrente dell’opera di Dio. Dopo quel momento, mio marito è venuto spesso con me agli incontri di condivisione e io mi sono sentita davvero felice, in pace e al sicuro. Da allora ho passato ogni giorno nella gioia, perché avevo davvero visto la saggezza e l’onnipotenza di Dio, e ho ringraziato e lodato Dio dal profondo del cuore!

Grazie alla mia esperienza, sono arrivata a comprendere davvero che, qualunque cosa Dio faccia a una persona, lo fa per amore. Dietro al fatto che Dio abbia permesso a Satana di perseguitarmi si celano le Sue buone intenzioni. Il Partito Comunista Cinese avrebbe voluto utilizzare il mio arresto e la persecuzione per spingermi a rinunciare a Dio e a tradirLo, ma non aveva idea che la saggezza di Dio si esercita sulla base dei trucchetti di Satana. Non solo l’oppressione da parte del Partito Comunista Cinese ha fallito nell’intento di spingermi a rinunciare a Dio e a tradirLo, ma mi ha anche consentito di vedere con chiarezza l’essenza malvagia del Partito nel suo resistere a Dio e agire contro il cielo, rendendo ancora più salda la mia certezza che la parola di Dio è la via, la verità e la vita! Mi ha anche permesso di vedere il grande potere e le azioni miracolose di Dio, rafforzando così il mio amore e la mia fedeltà nei Suoi confronti. Proprio come dice la parola di Dio Onnipotente: “Nel Mio progetto, Satana è rimasto sempre alle calcagna cercando di azzannare a ogni passo e, facendo da contrasto alla Mia sapienza, ha sempre cercato di trovare dei modi e dei mezzi per sconvolgere il Mio progetto originario. Ma potrei Io soccombere alle sue macchinazioni ingannevoli? Tutto in cielo e in terra è al Mio servizio: le macchinazioni ingannevoli di Satana potrebbero forse essere diverse? Proprio questa è l’intersezione della Mia sapienza, è proprio ciò che è portentoso riguardo ai Miei atti ed è il principio secondo cui viene attuato l’intero Mio piano di gestione” (Capitolo 8 di “Parole di Dio all’intero universo” in “La Parola appare nella carne”). Più il Partito Comunista Cinese resiste follemente a Dio e perseguita il popolo da Lui eletto, più noi siamo in grado di capire e abbandonare il Partito, di comprendere la verità e di conoscere la saggezza e gli atti miracolosi di Dio. La nostra fede nel seguire Dio cresce a sua volta, e diventiamo più capaci di prestare risonante testimonianza a Dio. Tramite l’esperienza della persecuzione da parte del Partito Comunista Cinese, ho visto con chiarezza che, nell’opera di Dio, Satana funge semplicemente da contrasto, da strumento di servizio per Dio; e ho anche riconosciuto in maniera più chiara il sincero desiderio di Dio di salvare l’umanità. In futuro, qualunque difficoltà o ostacolo dovrò affrontare, desidero compiere il mio dovere il meglio possibile e fare la mia parte per soddisfare la volontà di Dio.

Fonte: La Chiesa di Dio Onnipotente

Oma Vaassen by егiк етi ѕмiт

5 17

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Voor Nederlandse vertaling even doorscrollen naar beneden

My mother is a doll maker - she makes character dolls and sometimes shows them in expositons. She never sells them, though.

This doll is her mother - my grandmother. She made it after my grandmother died. I recognized my grandmother the moment I saw the doll.

We called her Oma Vaassen: Oma means "grandmother" and Vaassen was the place where she lived, and where my mother grew up. Vaasssen is about 10 km from where we lived, and Oma Vaassen came visiting us on her bike until she was over 80 years old.

She got married when she was about 22 years old - she had to, because she was pregnant. Probably she never wanted to have children, but she had four anyway. Not that she did not love them - actually, it was almost impossible for her to let them go when they grew up. My mother had to rebel when she wanted to marry my dad - she was 24 at the time but Oma Vaassen wouldn't let her go. They did not see each other for 10 years but then Oma visited us and apologized. From that day on, I had a new grandmother. And quite a special one, too.

Her character was quite dominant. She was never shy to give her opinion and she preferably did it in a such a loud voice that the whole village could hear it. She was a bit neurotic, and easily panicked - she carried a knife around when she was 70 because she feared rapists. She would shout out in the middle of a store that she always kept her money hidden between her tits. And in our family, 'my bag! my bag! my bag!' became a fixed expression meaning 'I'm looking for something and I can't find it but I need it now my god where is it!' referring to the way Oma Vaassen panicked when she couldn't find her bag.

She had a very large social network - she basically knew everybody, and kept telling all gossip about everybody to everybody, making a lot of things up along the way. Persons who scratched their knees bled to death in her version of the story. This did not necessarily make her very popular with everybody, but she made sure that there always was a warm and lively atmosphere whenever she was around.

Her husband, my grandfather, was a very silent and introverted man, who was either busy gardening or turning the knobs on his antique radio. He hardly ever spoke a word, but nobody noticed as long as Oma Vaassen was around.

Actually, the whole marriage was a disaster. When I was little they did not say even one word to each other - they kept up complete silence for over 20 years. Yet, she came home to cook for him, every single day.

When they grew older, the ice thawed somewhat - they slept in separate rooms but got back on speaking terms and actually held a large celebration at their 50th marriage anniversary.

She led a very active life. Of course, raising a family in the 1940s was not easy. My mother still remembers her smashing plates against the walls in anger when she discovered that she expected her fourth child - in 1945, when due to German occupation there was almost nothing left to eat. It turned out relatively well because my mom's younger sister was born when the war was over - but the family still lived in extreme poverty.

When her children had left home, she became politically and socially active - she had always supported Labor Party (which was the natural thing for a working class family) but in the 1970s she became a feminist with communist sympathies. Quite impressive for a simple person with almost no education. She took a job in a local factory and became active for a local political party that wanted more facilities for the population of Vaassen (instead of having everything in Epe, the principal town of the municipality). I admire her initiatives but I'm not sure how much good she did to the party...

I always loved visiting her. Her house was something quite out of the ordinary. The whole social life was centered around the little kitchen with grandmother making coffee and serving cookies and everybody (she always had visitors, somehow) sitting around the same table (grandfather in his own seat by the radio, not communicating much). There was a living room but over the years that room filled up with all the stuff Oma Vaassen picked up along the way - after years of war and poverty, she could not stand the idea of people throwing stuff away. She collected it all. There were hundreds of dolls that missed a leg. Jigsaw puzzles that missed pieces. And in the former children's bedroom enough clothes for a medium sized town. And lots of plants standing in between all the junk - and they were taken care of with the utmost love and care.

And, she was the best grandmother a kid could have. She was always kind and very fond of all of us. She had almost too much love for everything alive (I didn't even speak about the goat they kept in the house when my mom was little...) It was impossible not to love Aleida Wilhelmina Kok - or Lei, for friends. And the doll looks exactly like her.

Mijn moeder is poppenmaakster – ze maakt karakterpoppen en stelt ze ook tentoon. Maar ze verkoopt ze nooit.

Deze pop is haar moeder – mijn oma. Ze maakte hem toen mijn oma al dood was. Ik herkende mijn oma erin zodra ik de pop zag.

We noemden haar Oma Vaassen, naar de plaats waar ze woonde, en waar mijn moeder ook was opgegroeid. Vaassen is zo’n 10 km van de plek waar wij woonden, en Oma Vaassen kwam ons op de fiets bezoeken tot ze al over de 80 was.

Ze trouwde toen ze zo’n 22 jaar oud was – ze moest trouwen, want ze was zwanger. Eigenlijk wilde ze helemaal geen kinderen, maar ze kreeg er wel vier. Niet dat ze niet van ze hield – integendeel, ze had de grootste moeite om ze los te laten toen ze groot werden. Mijn moeder moest in verzet komen toen ze met mijn vader wilde trouwen. 24 was ze toen, maar Oma Vaassen liet haar niet gaan. Ze hebben elkaar zo’n tien jaar niet gezien, maar toen zocht Oma Vaassen ons op en bood haar verontschuldigingen aan. Vanaf die dag had ik er een oma bij. En nog een hele bijzondere ook.

Ze was nogal dominant van karakter. Ze stak haar mening niet onder stoelen of banken en ze deed dat bij voorkeur zo hard dat het hele dorp kon meeluisteren. Ze was enigszins neurotisch en snel in paniek – op haar 70ste had ze nog een mes bij zich omdat er overal verkrachters zitten. En midden in de supermarkt verkondigde ze luidkeels dat ze haar geld altijd verstopte “tuss’n de titt’n .” Bij ons thuis werd “Me tasje me tasje me tasje!” een gevleugelde uitspraak als je koortsachtig ergens naar liep te zoeken, vanwege Oma Vaassen die een keer in paniek raakte toen ze haar tasje niet kon vinden.

Ze had een uitgebreid sociaal netwerk – ze kende iedereen, en vertelde alle roddels over iedereen tegen iedereen, waarbij ze de helft er ter plekke bij verzon. Mensen met een schrammetje lagen in haar versie al snel dood te bloeden. Dit maakte haar niet bij iedereen even populair, maar het zorgde er wel voor dat het altijd gezellig en levendig was als zij er was.

Haar man, mijn opa, was een erg stille en teruggetrokken man, die of aan het tuinieren was, of aan z’n radio gekluisterd zat, aan de knoppen draaiend. Meestal sprak hij geen woord, maar dat merkte niemand, zolang Oma Vaassen in de buurt was.

Hun huwelijk was in feite één grote ramp. Toen ik klein was, spraken ze geen woord meer met elkaar – meer dan 20 jaar lang hebben ze dat zwijgen volgehouden. Toch kwam ze altijd iedere dag weer thuis om voor hem te koken.

Toen ze ouder werden, dooide het ijs een beetje. Ze bleven apart slapen maar praatten weer met elkaar, en gaven zelfs een groot 60-jarig huwelijksfeest.

Ze was heel actief. Het was natuurlijk niet makkelijk om in de jaren ’40 een gezin groot te brengen. Mijn moeder herinnert zich nog hoe haar moeder al het servies in woede tegen de muur smeet toen ze ontdekte dat ze zwanger was van haar vierde kind – in 1945, toen er bijna niks meer te eten was. Het pakte gelukkig relatief goed uit, omdat mijn moeders jongere zus geboren is toen de oorlog al voorbij was – maar ze leefden nog wel in grote armoede.

Toen de kinderen de deur uit waren, werd ze ook actief op politiek en sociaal terrein – ze had natuurlijk altijd PvdA gestemd (de logische keus voor een arbeidersgezin) maar in je jaren ’70 werd ze feministisch en kreeg ze communistische sympathieën. Niet niks voor een eenvoudige vrouw met alleen lagere school. Ze nam een baan in een fabriek en werd actief voor de Nieuwe Lijn, een locale partij die streed voor meer voorzieningen in Vaassen (en niet alleen voor de gemeentehoofdplaats Epe). Ik bewonder haar initiatief maar vraag me wel eens af hoeveel goed ze die partij nou echt gedaan heeft…

Het was altijd fijn om bij haar op bezoek te gaan. Haar huis was heel bijzonder. Het hele sociale leven vond plaats in de kleine keuken, waar Oma Vaassen koffie zette en koekjes uitdeelde aan alle mensen die rond de keukentafel zaten (en bezoek was er eigenlijk altijd wel). Opa zat in z’n eigen stoel bij de radio en zei niet veel. Een woonkamer was er ook wel, maar die raakte in de loop der jaren helemaal verstopt met alle dingen die Oma Vaassen langs de weg vond – na jaren van oorlog en armoede kon ze het niet aanzien dat mensen dingen weggooiden, dus ze naam het dan maar mee. Ze verzamelde alles. Er waren honderden poppen met één been. Niet complete legpuzzels. En in de vroegere kinderslaapkamer genoeg kleren voor een heel dorp. En tussen alle zooi stonden overeral planten, die met de grootste liefde verzorgd werden.

Ze was de beste oma die een kind kan hebben. Ze was altijd aardige en ze was dol op ons allemaal. Ze had welhaast te eel liefde voor alles wat leefde (ik heb het nog niet eens gehad over de geit die ze in huis hielden toen m’n moeder klein was…) Het was onmogelijk om niet te houden van Aleida Wilhelmina Kok – of Lei, voor vrienden. En de pop lijkt precies op haar.

366/365 Time to choose by Emmanuel Orain

8 2

[version française ici]

There are two parts

in me

One of them

is who I am

it is what makes me vibrate

it is the part that makes me create

it is what I am here to do

it is the part that knows Joy

it is the part that knows Light

it is the part that loves

it is the part that is open

it is the part that makes me live

The other one

is what I fear

it is the part that refuses all risk

it is what makes me hide from myself

it is the part that wants everything to remain as I know it

it is the part that compares

it is the part that is threatened

it is that wants to be told nice things

it is the part that wants to be safe

it is the part that knows Time

it is the part that is closed

it is the part that just wants to survive

Call them

however

you want

The second one

that dark and fearful part of myself

is very eloquent

and loud

it knows words

it knows thoughts

it knows how to reason

it knows how to argument

and

it never stops talking

The first one

the one that sees light

knows no words

no thoughts

no beliefs

no fleeting emotions

it knows presence

it knows eternity

and it is almost silent

The second one

that ever worrying part of myself

I learned it

at a time

I thought I would suffer

and maybe even disappear

if I didn't protect myself

from everything

around me

that part knows how to fight

The first one

I didn't learn

it was there

all the time

in me

it always was

it simply is

and

always will be

Fighting doesn't mean anything to it

nothing means anything to it

really

and even though

it is almost silent

even though is has no words

and no thoughts to form in my mind to defend itself ...

even though

the scared one is loud and restless and talking and thinking and reacting and getting scared and speeding up all the time ...

even though I am reminded by my fears that I never have enough time ...

that I am oh-so-very tired and I should go to sleep instead ...

even though ...

... I can still hear it

slowing down

and turning time itself against the fear

turning the silence

against the words and the thoughts

by letting go

of my own noise

and let it recede

for a moment

... I can still hear it

showing me who I am

showing me why I am here

what I am here to do

without any explanation

without any justification

just being there

... I can still hear it

showing me Beauty

...

And the noise starts again

the rushing traffic of pulsating thoughts invades again the place that was quiet

attracting my attention again and again

on everything that is scary

everything that could be dangerous

everything that I should regret

everything that I should worry about

trying to confuse me

trying to exhaust me

It seems unending

it seems that I'll never get rid of it

new scary thoughts will follow

the current scary thoughts

who followed

the previous scary thougts

and so on

forever

until

I fall

of exhaustion

Truth is

it may never stop

it may be that the fear will always be here

in that part of me

and that

it will never stop talking

inside of me

But

still

I have

a choice

The traffic is raging

screaming

but I don't have to let it run me over

That crazy traffic of thoughts

is loud

and unending

but all it wants

is to grab my attention

and never let it go

But ...

that's

entirely

for me

to choose

I can choose

where I focus my attention

I can choose

which of these parts I will listen to

which one I will follow

which one I will attend to

the scared traffic

or

the light

At every moment

I can choose

to yield

to my fears

to try to appease the worry for a short while

by going back to where I was before

to try to compare myself to who's around and feel unadequate

or threatened

or reassured for short while

to try to hide behind my walls to avoid being judged

for a short while

to try to ask for reassuring words

and try to convince myself thatI am indeed reassured

for a short while

to try to wear a better mask

to try to learn a better mask to wear

to try to buy a better mask to wear

until it wears out

in a short while

to try to numb myself

with food

with more noise

with more confusion

with my drug of choice

until it gets addictive

to try to distract myself

with cynicism

with resentment

with sneers

with mockery

for a short while

and with mocking the mockery

for another short while

to let my very own confusion exhaust me

and to accept all the rationalizations it readily hands me over

to let it make me so tired I feel I have no other option than going to bed

and not do anything

for a short while

All this will not change anything

the moment after that

the next day

the next year

will be the same

and so on

short while after short while

But ... that's exactly the point of all this

after all

Just surviving

...

Instead

I could

choose

to attend to that other part of myself

the one I cannot

simply

yield to

the part

I have to listen to

in the silence

the part

that requires me to

choose

to make silence

and

to actually make silence

the part

that requires me to

refuse to delightfully accept

the confusion

the part

that will never go away

that will never be swayed

that will never be convinced to stop from being

the one

that has no opposite

the one

that is

And

then

I can choose

to act upon

what I was shown

upon

who I am

This is a

choice

that needs to be

made

all the time

Once is not enough

once has never been enough

Every moment

I have this choice

of which part of me

I focus on

satisfying my fears by recoiling

or

getting out and play in the light

There is no bargain

there is no later

choosing later is the realm of fear

there is only a choice

right now

to listen to who I am

with great care

or

to accept what will keep me at a safe distance from it

Right now

after right now

...

which am I choosing to serve ?

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ALBANIA

Albanian Trilogy: A Series of Devious Stratagems

Armando Lulaj

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marco Scotini. Deputy Curator: Andris Brinkmanis. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

ANDORRA

Inner Landscapes

Roqué, Joan Xandri

Commissioner: Henry Périer. Deputy Commissioner: Joana Baygual, Sebastià Petit, Francesc Rodríguez

Curator: Paolo de Grandis, Josep M. Ubach. Venue: Spiazzi, Castello 3865

ANGOLA

On Ways of Travelling

António Ole, Binelde Hyrcan, Délio Jasse, Francisco Vidal, Nelo Teixeira

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Rita Guedes Tavares. Curator: António Ole. Deputy Curator: Antonia Gaeta. Venue: Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello - Palazzo Pisani, San Marco 2810

ARGENTINA

The Uprising of Form

Juan Carlos Diste´fano

Commissioner: Magdalena Faillace. Curator: Mari´a Teresa Constantin. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

ARMENIA, Republic of

Armenity / Haiyutioun

Haig Aivazian, Lebanon; Nigol Bezjian, Syria/USA; Anna Boghiguian Egypt/Canada; Hera Büyüktasçiyan, Turkey; Silvina Der-Meguerditchian, Argentina/Germany; Rene Gabri & Ayreen Anastas, Iran/Palestine/USA; Mekhitar Garabedian, Belgium; Aikaterini Gegisian, Greece; Yervant Gianikian & Angela Ricci Lucchi, Italy; Aram Jibilian, USA; Nina Katchadourian, USA/Finland; Melik Ohanian, France; Mikayel Ohanjanyan, Armenia/Italy; Rosana Palazyan, Brazil; Sarkis, Turkey/France; Hrair Sarkissian, Syria/UK

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Armenia. Deputy Commissioner: Art for the World, Mekhitarist Congregation of San Lazzaro Island, Embassy of the Republic of Armenia in Italy, Vartan Karapetian. Curator: Adelina Cüberyan von Fürstenberg. Venue: Monastery and Island of San Lazzaro degli Armeni

AUSTRALIA

Fiona Hall: Wrong Way Time

Fiona Hall

Commissioner: Simon Mordant AM. Deputy Commissioner: Charles Green. Curator: Linda Michael. Scientific Committee: Simon Mordant AM, Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev, Max Delany, Rachel Kent, Danie Mellor, Suhanya Raffel, Leigh Robb. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

AUSTRIA

Heimo Zobernig

Commissioner: Yilmaz Dziewior. Curator: Yilmaz Dziewior. Scientific Committee: Friends of the Venice Biennale. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

AZERBAIJAN, Republic of

Beyond the Line

Ashraf Murad, Javad Mirjavadov, Tofik Javadov, Rasim Babayev, Fazil Najafov, Huseyn Hagverdi, Shamil Najafzada

Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: de Pury de Pury, Emin Mammadov. Venue: Palazzo Lezze, Campo S.Stefano, San Marco 2949

Vita Vitale

Edward Burtynsky, Mircea Cantor, Loris Cecchini, Gordon Cheung, Khalil Chishtee, Tony Cragg, Laura Ford, Noemie Goudal, Siobhán Hapaska, Paul Huxley, IDEA laboratory and Leyla Aliyeva, Chris Jordan with Rebecca Clark and Helena S.Eitel, Tania Kovats, Aida Mahmudova, Sayyora Muin, Jacco Olivier, Julian Opie, Julian Perry, Mike Perry, Bas Princen, Stephanie Quayle, Ugo Rondinone, Graham Stevens, Diana Thater, Andy Warhol, Bill Woodrow, Erwin Wurm, Rose Wylie

Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: Artwise: Susie Allen, Laura Culpan, Dea Vanagan. Venue: Ca’ Garzoni, San Marco 3416

BELARUS, Republic of

War Witness Archive

Konstantin Selikhanov

Commissioner: Natallia Sharanhovich. Deputy Commissioners: Alena Vasileuskaya, Kamilia Yanushkevich. Curators: Aleksei Shinkarenko, Olga Rybchinskaya. Scientific Committee: Dmitry Korol, Daria Amelkovich, Julia Kondratyuk, Sergei Jeihala, Sheena Macfarlane, Yuliya Heisik, Hanna Samarskaya, Taras Kaliahin, Aliaksandr Stasevich. Venue: Riva San Biagio, Castello 2145

BELGIUM

Personnes et les autres

Vincent Meessen and Guests, Mathieu K. Abonnenc, Sammy Baloji, James Beckett, Elisabetta Benassi, Patrick Bernier & Olive Martin, Tamar Guimara~es & Kasper Akhøj, Maryam Jafri, Adam Pendleton

Commissioner: Wallonia-Brussels Federation and Wallonia-Brussels International. Curator: Katerina Gregos. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

COSTA RICA

"Costa Rica, Paese di pace, invita a un linguaggio universale d'intesa tra i popoli".

Andrea Prandi, Beatrice Gallori, Beth Parin, Biagio Schembari, Carla Castaldo, Celestina Avanzini, Cesare Berlingeri, Erminio Tansini, Fabio Capitanio, Fausto Beretti, Giovan Battista Pedrazzini, Giovanni Lamberti, Giovanni Tenga, Iana Zanoskar, Jim Prescott, Leonardo Beccegato, Liliana Scocco, Lucia Bolzano, Marcela Vicuna, Marco Bellagamba, Marco Lodola, Maria Gioia dell’Aglio, Mario Bernardinello, Massimo Meucci, Nacha Piattini, Omar Ronda, Renzo Eusebi, Tita Patti, Romina Power, Rubens Fogacci, Silvio di Pietro, Stefano Sichel, Tino Stefanoni, Ufemia Ritz, Ugo Borlenghi, Umberto Mariani, Venere Chillemi, Jacqueline Gallicot Madar, Massimo Onnis, Fedora Spinelli

Commissioner: Ileana Ordonez Chacon. Curator: Gregorio Rossi. Venue: Palazzo Bollani

CROATIA

Studies on Shivering: The Third Degree

Damir Ocko

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marc Bembekoff. Venue: Palazzo Pisani, S. Marina

CUBA

El artista entre la individualidad y el contexto

Lida Abdul, Celia-Yunior, Grethell Rasúa, Giuseppe Stampone, LinYilin, Luis Edgardo Gómez Armenteros, Olga Chernysheva, Susana Pilar Delahante Matienzo

Commissioner: Miria Vicini. Curators: Jorge Fernández Torres, Giacomo Zaza. Venue: San Servolo Island

CYPRUS, Republic of

Two Days After Forever

Christodoulos Panayiotou

Commissioner: Louli Michaelidou. Deputy Commissioner: Angela Skordi. Curator: Omar Kholeif. Deputy Curator: Daniella Rose King. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, Sestiere San Marco 3079

CZECH Republic and SLOVAK Republic

Apotheosis

Jirí David

Commissioner: Adam Budak. Deputy Commissioner: Barbara Holomkova. Curator: Katarina Rusnakova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ECUADOR

Gold Water: Apocalyptic Black Mirrors

Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla in collaboration with Lucia Vallarino Peet

Commissioner: Andrea Gonzàlez Sanchez. Deputy Commissioner: PDG Arte Communications. Curator: Ileana Cornea. Deputy Curator: Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla. Venue: Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello 3701

ESTONIA

NSFW. From the Abyss of History

Jaanus Samma

Commissioner: Maria Arusoo. Curator: Eugenio Viola. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, campo San Samuele, San Marco 3199

EGYPT

CAN YOU SEE

Ahmed Abdel Fatah, Gamal Elkheshen, Maher Dawoud

Commissioner: Hany Al Ashkar. Curator: Ministry of Culture. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

FINLAND (Pavilion Alvar Aalto)

Hours, Years, Aeons

IC-98

Commissioner: Frame Visual Art Finland, Raija Koli. Curator: Taru Elfving. Deputy Curator: Anna Virtanen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

FRANCE

revolutions

Céleste Boursier-Mougenot

Commissioner: Institut français, with Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication. Curator: Emma Lavigne. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GEORGIA

Crawling Border

Rusudan Gobejishvili Khizanishvili, Irakli Bluishvili, Dimitri Chikvaidze, Joseph Sabia

Commissioner: Ana Riaboshenko. Curator: Nia Mgaloblishvili. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

GERMANY

Fabrik

Jasmina Metwaly / Philip Rizk, Olaf Nicolai, Hito Steyerl, Tobias Zielony

Commissioner: ifa (Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen) on behalf of the Federal Foreign Office. Deputy Commissioner: Elke aus dem Moore, Nina Hülsmeier. Curator: Florian Ebner. Deputy Curator: Tanja Milewsky, Ilina Koralova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GREAT BRITAIN

Sarah Lucas

Commissioner: Emma Dexter. Curator: Richard Riley. Deputy Curator: Katrina Schwarz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GRENADA *

Present Nearness

Oliver Benoit, Maria McClafferty, Asher Mains, Francesco Bosso and Carmine Ciccarini, Guiseppe Linardi

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: Susan Mains. Curator: Susan Mains. Deputy Curator: Francesco Elisei. Venue: Opera don Orione Artigianelli, Sala Tiziano, Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Gesuati, Dorsoduro 919

GREECE

Why Look at Animals? AGRIMIKÁ.

Maria Papadimitriou

Commissioner: Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Education and Religious Affairs. Curator: Gabi Scardi. Deputy Curator: Alexios Papazacharias. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

BRAZIL

So much that it doesn't fit here

Antonio Manuel, André Komatsu, Berna Reale

Commissioner: Luis Terepins. Curator: Luiz Camillo Osorio. Deputy Curator: Cauê Alves. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

CANADA

Canadassimo

BGL

Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Marc Mayer. Deputy Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Yves Théoret. Curator: Marie Fraser. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

CHILE

Poéticas de la disidencia | Poetics of dissent: Paz Errázuriz - Lotty Rosenfeld

Paz Errázuriz, Lotty Rosenfeld

Commissioner: Antonio Arèvalo. Deputy Commissioner: Juan Pablo Vergara Undurraga. Curator: Nelly Richard. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

CHINA, People’s Republic of

Other Future

LIU Jiakun, LU Yang, TAN Dun, WEN Hui/Living Dance Studio, WU Wenguang/Caochangdi Work Station

Commissioner: China Arts and Entertainment Group, CAEG. Deputy Commissioners: Zhang Yu, Yan Dong. Curator: Beijing Contemporary Art Foundation. Scientific Committee: Fan Di’an, Zhang Zikang, Zhu Di, Gao Shiming, Zhu Qingsheng, Pu Tong, Shang Hui. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Giardino delle Vergini

GUATEMALA

Sweet Death

Emma Anticoli Borza, Sabrina Bertolelli, Mariadolores Castellanos, Max Leiva, Pier Domenico Magri, Adriana Montalto, Elmar Rojas (Elmar René Rojas Azurdia), Paolo Schmidlin, Mónica Serra, Elsie Wunderlich, Collettivo La Grande Bouffe

Commissioner: Daniele Radini Tedeschi. Curators: Stefania Pieralice, Carlo Marraffa, Elsie Wunderlich. Deputy Curators: Luciano Carini, Simone Pieralice. Venue: Officina delle Zattere, Dorsoduro 947, Fondamenta Nani

HOLY SEE

Commissioner: Em.mo Card. Gianfranco Ravasi, Presidente del Pontificio Consiglio della Cultura. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

HUNGARY

Sustainable Identities

Szilárd Cseke

Commissioner: Monika Balatoni. Deputy Commissioner: István Puskás, Sándor Fodor, Anna Karády. Curator: Kinga German. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ICELAND

Christoph Büchel

Commissioner: Björg Stefánsdóttir. Curator: Nína Magnúsdóttir. Venue: to be confirmed

INDONESIA, Republic of

Komodo Voyage

Heri Dono

Commissioner: Sapta Nirwandar. Deputy Commissioner: Soedarmadji JH Damais. Curator: Carla Bianpoen, Restu Imansari Kusumaningrum. Scientific Committee: Franco Laera, Asmudjo Jono Irianto, Watie Moerany, Elisabetta di Mambro. Venue: Venue: Arsenale

IRAN

Iranian Highlights

Samira Alikhanzaradeh, Mahmoud Bakhshi Moakhar, Jamshid Bayrami, Mohammed Ehsai

The Great Game

Lida Abdul, Bani Abidi, Adel Abidin, Amin Agheai, Ghodratollah Agheli, Shahriar Ahmadi, Parastou Ahovan, Farhad Ahrarnia, Rashad Alakbarov, Nazgol Ansarinia, Reza Aramesh, Alireza Astaneh, Sonia Balassanian, Mahmoud Bakhshi, Moakhar Wafaa Bilal, Mehdi Farhadian, Monir Farmanfarmaian, Shadi Ghadirian, Babak Golkar, Shilpa Gupta, Ghasem Hajizadeh, Shamsia Hassani, Sahand Hesamiyan, Sitara Ibrahimova, Pouran Jinchi, Amar Kanwar, Babak Kazemi, Ryas Komu, Ahmad Morshedloo, Farhad Moshiri, Mehrdad Mohebali, Huma Mulji, Azad Nanakeli, Jamal Penjweny, Imran Qureshi, Sara Rahbar, Rashid Rana, T.V. Santhosh, Walid Siti, Mohsen Taasha Wahidi, Mitra Tabrizian, Parviz Tanavoli, Newsha Tavakolian, Sadegh Tirafkan, Hema Upadhyay, Saira Wasim

Commissioner: Majid Mollanooruzi. Deputy Commissioners: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Curators: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Venue: Calle San Giovanni 1074/B, Cannaregio

IRAQ

Commissioner: Ruya Foundation for Contemporary Culture in Iraq (RUYA). Deputy Commissioner: Nuova Icona - Associazione Culturale per le Arti. Curator: Philippe Van Cauteren. Venue: Ca' Dandolo, San Polo 2879

IRELAND

Adventure: Capital

Sean Lynch

Commissioner: Mike Fitzpatrick. Curator: Woodrow Kernohan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

ISRAEL

Tsibi Geva | Archeology of the Present

Tsibi Geva

Commissioner: Arad Turgem, Michael Gov. Curator: Hadas Maor. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ITALY

Ministero dei Beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo - Direzione Generale Arte e Architettura Contemporanee e Periferie Urbane. Commissioner: Federica Galloni. Curator: Vincenzo Trione. Venue: Padiglione Italia, Tese delle Vergini at Arsenale

JAPAN

The Key in the Hand

Chiharu Shiota

Commissioner: The Japan Foundation. Deputy Commissioner: Yukihiro Ohira, Manako Kawata and Haruka Nakajima. Curator: Hitoshi Nakano. Venue : Pavilion at Giardini

KENYA

Creating Identities

Yvonne Apiyo Braendle-Amolo, Qin Feng, Shi Jinsong, Armando Tanzini, Li Zhanyang, Lan Zheng Hui, Li Gang, Double Fly Art Center

Commissioner: Paola Poponi. Curator: Sandro Orlandi Stagl. Deputy Curator: Ding Xuefeng. Venue: San Servolo Island

KOREA, Republic of

The Ways of Folding Space & Flying

MOON Kyungwon & JEON Joonho

Commissioner: Sook-Kyung Lee. Curator: Sook-Kyung Lee. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

KOSOVO, Republic of

Speculating on the blue

Flaka Haliti

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports. Curator: Nicolaus Schafhausen. Deputy Curator: Katharina Schendl. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

LATVIA

Armpit

Katrina Neiburga, Andris Eglitis

Commissioner: Solvita Krese (Latvian Centre for Contemporary Art). Deputy Commissioner: Kitija Vasiljeva. Curator: Kaspars Vanags. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

LITHUANIA

Museum

Dainius Liškevicius

Commissioner: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Deputy Commissioner: Rasa Antanaviciute. Curator: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Venue: Palazzo Zenobio, Fondamenta del Soccorso 2569, Dorsoduro

LUXEMBOURG, Grand Duchy of

Paradiso Lussemburgo

Filip Markiewicz

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: MUDAM Luxembourg. Curator: Paul Ardenne. Venue: Cà Del Duca, Corte del Duca Sforza, San Marco 3052

MACEDONIA, Former Yugoslavian Republic of

We are all in this alone

Hristina Ivanoska and Yane Calovski

Commissioner: Maja Nedelkoska Brzanova, National Gallery of Macedonia. Deputy Commissioner: Olivija Stoilkova. Curator: Basak Senova. Deputy Curator: Maja Cankulovska Mihajlovska. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Sale d’Armi

MAURITIUS *

From One Citizen You Gather an Idea

Sultana Haukim, Nirmal Hurry, Alix Le Juge, Olga Jürgenson, Helge Leiberg, Krishna Luchoomun, Neermala Luckeenarain, Kavinash Thomoo, Bik Van Der Pol, Laure Prouvost, Vitaly Pushnitsky, Römer + Römer

Commissioner: pARTage. Curators: Alfredo Cramerotti, Olga Jürgenson. Venue: Palazzo Flangini - Canareggio 252

MEXICO

Possesing Nature

Tania Candiani, Luis Felipe Ortega

Commissioner: Tomaso Radaelli. Deputy Commissioner: Magdalena Zavala Bonachea. Curator: Karla Jasso. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

MONGOLIA *

Other Home

Enkhbold Togmidshiirev, Unen Enkh

Commissioner: Gantuya Badamgarav, MCASA. Curator: Uranchimeg Tsultemin. Scientific Committee: David A Ross, Boldbaatar Chultemin. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

MONTENEGRO

,,Ti ricordi Sjecaš li se You Remember "

Aleksandar Duravcevic

Commissioner/Curator: Anastazija Miranovic. Deputy Commissioner: Danica Bogojevic. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero (piano terra), San Marco 3078-3079/A, Ramo Malipiero

MOZAMBIQUE, Republic of *

Theme: Coexistence of Tradition and Modernity in Contemporary Mozambique

Mozambique Artists

Commissioner: Joel Matias Libombo. Deputy Commissioner: Gilberto Paulino Cossa. Curator: Comissariado-Geral para a Expo Milano 2015. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

NETHERLANDS, The

herman de vries - to be all ways to be

herman de vries

Commissioner: Mondriaan Fund. Curators: Colin Huizing, Cees de Boer. Venue: Pavilion ar Giardini

NEW ZEALAND

Secret Power

Simon Denny

Commissioner: Heather Galbraith. Curator: Robert Leonard. Venue: Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Marco Polo Airport

NORDIC PAVILION (NORWAY)

Camille Norment

Commissioner: OCA, Office for Contemporary Art Norway. Curator: Katya García-Antón. Deputy Curator: Antonio Cataldo. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

PERU

Misplaced Ruins

Gilda Mantilla and Raimond Chaves

Commissioner: Armando Andrade de Lucio. Curator: Max Hernández-Calvo. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

PHILIPPINES

Tie a String Around the World

Manuel Conde, Carlos Francisco, Manny Montelibano, Jose Tence Ruiz

Commissioner: National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), Felipe M. de Leon Jr. Curator: Patrick D. Flores. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

POLAND

Halka/Haiti. 18°48’05”N 72°23’01”W

C.T. Jasper, Joanna Malinowska

Commissioner: Hanna Wróblewska. Deputy Commissioner: Joanna Wasko. Curator: Magdalena Moskalewicz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

PORTUGAL

I Will Be Your Mirror / poems and problems

João Louro

Commissioner/Curator: María de Corral. Venue: Palazzo Loredan, campo S. Stefano

ROMANIA

Adrian Ghenie: Darwin’s Room

Adrian Ghenie

Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Mihai Pop. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

Inventing the Truth. On Fiction and Reality

Michele Bressan, Carmen Dobre-Hametner, Alex Mirutziu, Lea Rasovszky, Stefan Sava, Larisa Sitar

Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Diana Marincu. Deputy Curators: Ephemair Association (Suzana Dan and Silvia Rogozea). Venue: New Gallery of the Romanian Institute for Culture and Humanistic Research in Venice

RUSSIA

The Green Pavilion

Irina Nakhova

Commissioner: Stella Kesaeva. Curator: Margarita Tupitsyn. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SERBIA

United Dead Nations

Ivan Grubanov

Commissioner: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Commissioner: Ana Bogdanovic. Curator: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Curator: Ana Bogdanovic. Scientific Committee: Jovan Despotovic. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SAN MARINO

Repubblica di San Marino “ Friendship Project “ China

Xu De Qi, Liu Dawei, Liu Ruo Wang, Ma Yuan, Li Lei, Zhang Hong Mei, Eleonora Mazza, Giuliano Giulianelli, Giancarlo Frisoni, Tony Margiotta, Elisa Monaldi, Valentina Pazzini

Commissioner: Istituti Culturali della Repubblica di San Marino. Curator: Vincenzo Sanfo. Venue: TBC

SEYCHELLES, Republic of *

A Clockwork Sunset

George Camille, Léon Wilma Loïs Radegonde

Commissioner: Seychelles Art Projects Foundation. Curators: Sarah J. McDonald, Victor Schaub Wong. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

SINGAPORE

Sea State

Charles Lim Yi Yong

Commissioner: Paul Tan, National Arts Council, Singapore. Curator: Shabbir Hussain Mustafa. Scientific Committee: Eugene Tan, Kathy Lai, Ahmad Bin Mashadi, June Yap, Emi Eu, Susie Lingham, Charles Merewether, Randy Chan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

SLOVENIA, Republic of

UTTER / The violent necessity for the embodied presence of hope

JAŠA

Commissioner: Simona Vidmar. Deputy Commissioner: Jure Kirbiš. Curators: Michele Drascek and Aurora Fonda. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

SPAIN

Los Sujetos (The Subjects)

Pepo Salazar, Cabello/Carceller, Francesc Ruiz, + Salvador Dalí

Commissioner: Ministerio Asuntos Exteriores. Gobierno de España. Curator: Marti Manen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

Origini della civiltà

Narine Ali, Ehsan Alar, Felipe Cardeña, Fouad Dahdouh, Aldo Damioli, Svitlana Grebenyuk, Mauro Reggio, Liu Shuishi, Nass ouh Zaghlouleh, Andrea Zucchi, Helidon Xhixha

Commissioner: Christian Maretti. Curator: Duccio Trombadori. Venue: Redentore – Giudecca, San Servolo Island

SWEDEN

Excavation of the Image: Imprint, Shadow, Spectre, Thought

Lina Selander

Commissioner: Ann-Sofi Noring. Curator: Lena Essling. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

SWITZERLAND

Our Product

Pamela Rosenkranz

Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Sandi Paucic and Marianne Burki. Deputy-Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Rachele Giudici Legittimo. Curator: Susanne Pfeffer. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

THAILAND

Earth, Air, Fire & Water

Kamol Tassananchalee

Commissioner: Chai Nakhonchai, Office of Contemporary Art and Culture (OCAC), Ministry of Culture. Curator: Richard David Garst. Deputy Curator: Pongdej Chaiyakut. Venue: Paradiso Gallerie, Giardini della Biennale, Castello 1260

TURKEY

Respiro

Sarkis

Commissioner: Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts. Curator: Defne Ayas. Deputy Curator: Ozge Ersoy. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

TUVALU

Crossing the Tide

Vincent J.F. Huang

Commissioner: Taukelina Finikaso. Deputy Commissioner: Temate Melitiana. Curator: Thomas J. Berghuis. Scientific Committee: Andrea Bonifacio. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

UKRAINE

Hope!

Yevgenia Belorusets, Nikita Kadan, Zhanna Kadyrova, Mykola Ridnyi & SerhiyZhadan, Anna Zvyagintseva, Open Group, Artem Volokitin

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Björn Geldhof. Venue: Riva dei Sette Martiri

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

1980 – Today: Exhibitions in the United Arab Emirates

Abdullah Al Saadi, Abdul Qader Al Rais, Abdulraheem Salim, Abdulrahman Zainal, Ahmed Al Ansari, Ahmed Sharif, Hassan Sharif, Mohamed Yousif, Mohammed Abdullah Bulhiah, Mohammed Al Qassab, Mohammed Kazem, Moosa Al Halyan, Najat Meky, Obaid Suroor, Salem Jawhar

Commissioner: Salama bint Hamdan Al Nahyan Foundation. Curator: Hoor Al Qasimi. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d'Armi

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Joan Jonas: They Come to Us Without a Word

Joan Jonas

Commissioner: Paul C. Ha. Deputy Commissioner: MIT List Visual Arts Center. Curators: Ute Meta Bauer, Paul C. Ha. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

URUGUAY

Global Myopia II (Pencil & Paper)

Marco Maggi

Commissioner: Ricardo Pascale. Curator: Patricia Bentancour. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

VENEZUELA, Bolivarian Republic of

Te doy mi palabra (I give you my word)

Argelia Bravo, Félix Molina (Flix)

Commissioner: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Commissioner: Reinaldo Landaeta Díaz. Curator: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Curator: Morella Jurado. Scientific Committee: Carlos Pou Ruan. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ZIMBABWE, Republic of

Pixels of Ubuntu/Unhu: - Exploring the social and cultural identities of the 21st century.

Chikonzero Chazunguza, Masimba Hwati, Gareth Nyandoro

Commissioner: Doreen Sibanda. Curator: Raphael Chikukwa. Deputy Curator: Tafadzwa Gwetai. Scientific Committee: Saki Mafundikwa, Biggie Samwanda, Fabian Kangai, Reverend Paul Damasane, Nontsikelelo Mutiti, Stephen Garan'anga, Dominic Benhura. Venue: Santa Maria della Pieta

ITALO-LATIN AMERICAN INSTITUTE

Voces Indígenas

Commissioner: Sylvia Irrazábal. Curator: Alfons Hug. Deputy Curator: Alberto Saraiva. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

ARGENTINA

Sofia Medici and Laura Kalauz

PLURINATIONAL STATE OF BOLIVIA

Sonia Falcone and José Laura Yapita

BRAZIL

Adriana Barreto

Paulo Nazareth

CHILE

Rainer Krause

COLOMBIA

León David Cobo,

María Cristina Rincón and Claudia Rodríguez

COSTA RICA

Priscilla Monge

ECUADOR

Fabiano Kueva

EL SALVADOR

Mauricio Kabistan

GUATEMALA

Sandra Monterroso

HAITI

Barbara Prézeau Stephenson

HONDURAS

Leonardo González

PANAMA

Humberto Vélez

NICARAGUA

Raúl Quintanilla

PARAGUAY

Erika Meza

Javier López

PERU

José Huamán Turpo

URUGUAY

Gustavo Tabares

Ellen Slegers

001 Inverso Mundus. AES+F

Magazzino del Sale n. 5, Dorsoduro, 265 (Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Saloni); Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 31st

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

Catalonia in Venice: Singularity

Cantieri Navali, Castello, 40 (Calle Quintavalle)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Institut Ramon Llull

venezia2015.llull.cat

Conversion. Recycle Group

Chiesa di Sant’Antonin, Castello (Campo Sant’Antonin)

May 6th - October 31st

Organization: Moscow Museum of Modern Art

Dansaekhwa

Palazzo Contarini-Polignac, Dorsoduro, 874 (Accademia)

May 7th – August 15th

Organization: The Boghossian Foundation

Dispossession

Palazzo Donà Brusa, Campo San Polo, 2177

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: European Capital of Culture Wroclaw 2016

wroclaw2016.pl/biennale/

EM15 presents Doug Fishbone’s Leisure Land Golf

Arsenale Docks, Castello, 40A, 40B, 41C

May 6th - July 26th

Organization: EM15

Eredità e Sperimentazione

Grand Hotel Hungaria & Ausonia, Viale Santa Maria Elisabetta, 28, Lido di Venezia

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Istituto Nazionale di BioArchitettura - Sezione di Padova

Frontiers Reimagined

Palazzo Grimani, Castello, 4858 (Ramo Grimani)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Tagore Foundation International; Polo museale del Veneto

Glasstress 2015 Gotika

Istituto Veneto di Scienze Lettere ed Arti, Palazzo Cavalli Franchetti, San Marco, 2847 (Campo Santo Stefano); Chiesa di Santa Maria della Visitazione, Centro Culturale Don Orione Artigianelli, Dorsoduro, 919 (Zattere); Fondazione Berengo, Campiello della Pescheria, 15, Murano;

May 9th — November 22nd

Organization: The State Hermitage Museum

Graham Fagen: Scotland + Venice 2015

Palazzo Fontana, Cannaregio, 3829 (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Scotland + Venice

Grisha Bruskin. An Archaeologist’s Collection

Former Chiesa di Santa Caterina, Cannaregio, 4941-4942

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Centro Studi sulle Arti della Russia (CSAR), Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia

Helen Sear, ... The Rest Is Smoke

Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Castello, 450 (Fondamenta San Gioacchin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Cymru yn Fenis/Wales in Venice

Highway to Hell

Palazzo Michiel, Cannaregio, 4391/A (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Hubei Museum of Art

Humanistic Nature and Society (Shan-Shui) – An Insight into the Future

Palazzo Faccanon, San Marco, 5016 (Mercerie)

May 7th – August 4th

Organization: Shanghai Himalayas Museum

In the Eye of the Thunderstorm: Effervescent Practices from the Arab World & South Asia

Dorsoduro, 417 (Zattere)

May 6th - November 15th

Organization: ArsCulture

Italia Docet | Laboratorium- Artists, Participants, Testimonials and Activated Spectators

Palazzo Barbarigo Minotto, San Marco, 2504 (Fondamenta Duodo o Barbarigo)

May 9th – June 30th; September 11st – October 31st

Organization: Italian Art Motherboard Foundation (i-AM Foundation)

Jaume Plensa: Together

Basilica di San Giorgio Maggiore, Isola di San Giorgio Maggiore

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Abbazia di San Giorgio Maggiore Benedicti Claustra Onlus

Jenny Holzer "War Paintings"

Museo Correr, San Marco, 52 (Piazza San Marco)

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: The Written Art Foundation; Museo Correr, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia

correr.visitmuve.it

Jump into the Unknown

Palazzo Loredan dell’Ambasciatore, Dorsoduro, 1261-1262

May 9th – June 18th

Organization: Nine Dragon Heads

9dh-venice.com

Learn from Masters

Palazzo Bembo, San Marco, 4793 (Riva del Carbon)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Pan Tianshou Foundation

pantianshou.caa.edu.cn/foundation_en

My East is Your West

Palazzo Benzon, San Marco, 3927

May 6th – October 31st

Organization: The Gujral Foundation

Ornamentalism. The Purvitis Prize

Arsenale Nord, Tesa 99

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Secretariat of the Latvian Presidency of the Council of the European Union in 2015

Path and Adventure

Arsenale, Castello, 2126/A (Campo della Tana)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau; The Macao Museum of Art; The Cultural Affairs Bureau

Patricia Cronin: Shrine for Girls, Venice

Chiesa di San Gallo, San Marco, 1103 (Campo San Gallo)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Brooklyn Rail Curatorial Projects

curatorialprojects.brooklynrail.org

Roberto Sebastian Matta. Sculture

Giardino di Palazzo Soranzo Cappello, Soprintendenza BAP per le Province di Venezia, Belluno, Padova e Treviso, Santa Croce, 770 (Fondamenta Rio Marin)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Echaurren Salaris

Salon Suisse: S.O.S. Dada - The World Is A Mess

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

May 9th; June 4th - 6th; September 10th - 12th; October 15th - 17th; November 19th – 21st

Organization: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia

Sean Scully: Land Sea

Palazzo Falier, San Marco, 2906

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Volume!

Sepphoris. Alessandro Valeri

Molino Stucky, interior atrium, Giudecca, 812

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Assessorato alla Cultura del Comune di Narni(TR); a Sidereal Space of Art; Satellite Berlin

Tesla Revisited

Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 18th

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

The Bridges of Graffiti

Arterminal c/o Terminal San Basilio, Dorsoduro (Fondamenta Zattere al Ponte Lungo)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Associazione Culturale Inossidabile

The Dialogue of Fire. Ceramic and Glass Masters from Barcelona to Venice

Palazzo Tiepolo Passi, San Polo, 2774

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization: Fundaciò Artigas; ArsCulture

The Question of Beings

Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello, 3701

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Museum of Contemporary Art, Taipei (MoCA, Taipei)

The Revenge of the Common Place

Università Ca' Foscari, Ca' Bernardo, Dorsoduro, 3199 (Calle Bernardo)

May 9th – September 30th

Organization: Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University Brussels-VUB)

The Silver Lining. Contemporary Art from Liechtenstein and other Microstates

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

October 24th – November 1st

Organization: Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein

The Sound of Creation. Paintings + Music by Beezy Bailey and Brian Eno

Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello, Palazzo Pisani, San Marco, 2810 (Campo Santo Stefano)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: ArsCulture

The Union of Fire and Water

Palazzo Barbaro, San Marco, 2840

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: YARAT Contemporary Art Organisation

Thirty Light Years - Theatre of Chinese Art

Palazzo Rossini, San Marco, 4013 (Campo Manin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: GAC Global Art Center Foundation; The Guangdong Museum of Art

Tsang Kin-Wah: The Infinite Nothing, Hong Kong in Venice

Arsenale, Castello, 2126 (Campo della Tana)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: M+, West Kowloon Cultural District; Hong Kong Arts Development Council

Under the Surface, Newfoundland and Labrador at Venice

Galleria Ca' Rezzonico, Dorsoduro, 2793

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Terra Nova Art Foundation

tnaf.ca

Ursula von Rydingsvard

Giardino della Marinaressa, Castello (Riva dei Sette Martiri)

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization:Yorkshire Sculpture Park

We Must Risk Delight: Twenty Artists from Los Angeles

Magazzino del Sale n. 3, Dorsoduro, 264 (Zattere)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: bardoLA

Wu Tien-Chang: Never Say Goodbye

Palazzo delle Prigioni, Castello, 4209 (San Marco)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Taipei Fine Arts Museum of Taiwan

newcastlephotos.blogspot.com/2006/06/all-saints-cemetery....

All Saints Cemetery, Jesmond, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England. by HISTOGRAPHY by DM & DBM.

2

All Saints Cemetery

This Cemetery stands on Jesmond Road, opposite Jesmond Old Cemetery and was the first cemetery in Newcastle to be instigated by the Burial Board. Consecrated in 1855 and opened in 1856 this was very much a rural part of Newcastle. The residential housing surrounding the cemetery on 3 sides were built later.

Noted Newcastle architect Benjamin Green designed the cemetery, its buildings and the fine Gothic archway over the entrance from Jesmond Road. The cemetery is surrounded by cast iron railings with fleur-de-lys heads.

The cemetery was extended to Osborne Avenue, from just under 10 acres by another 1.3 hectares in 1881.

In 1924 Carliol Square Gaol was demolished and the bodies of its executed criminals were transferred into unmarked graves in the cemetery.

In total around 90,000 burials have taken place here.

Thomas Harrison Hair (1810-1875) the artist best known for his Views of the Collieries of Northumberland and Durham, is buried here in an unmarked grave.

Two Small Chapels:

2 chapels. 1856 by Green. Coursed squared sandstone with ashlar turrets and dressings; Welsh slate roofs. T-plan with additional porch on side away from centre of cemetery, and corner turret on innermost side at south end. Aligned north-south. Decorated style. Double doors, with elaborate hinges,on inner fronts have nook shafts and head-stopped dripmoulds; similar surround to plainer door in outward-facing porch; windows of 3 lights facing gateway, 2 lights on other fronts, have similar dripmoulds. Lancets to corner turrets with gabled belfry under octagonal spirelets. Buttresses. Steeply-pitched roofs with cross finials. LISTED GRADE 2.

1 of the Chapels is now the Russian Orthodox Church Of St. George.

Gate, walls, piers, gates and railings.

Cemetery gateway, walls, piers, gates and railings. Dated 1856; by Green. Coursed squared sandstone with ashlar dressings; wrought iron gates; cast iron railings. Gothic style. High gable over 2-centred arch with 12 shafts each side and many mouldings; gabled ends have fantastic beasts climbing down kneelers; head-stopped dripmoulds, buttresses and finials.

High, pointed coping to flanking walls containing pedestrian doors in arches; end piers have gables with fleur-de-lis moulding. Chamfered coping to dwarf quadrant walls and similar walls along cemetery front, with 4 square piers at each side having pyramidal coping. High gates are Gothic-patterned; railings have fleur-de-lis heads.

Burials:

Samuel Smith.

Celtic Cross monument. Samuel Smith OBE JP (1872-1949) was the founder of Rington's Tea. He was born in Leeds and became an errand boy for a tea merchants on leaving school at 11. In 1908 he moved to Newcastle and set up a small shop in Heaton with William Titterington. They called the company Ringtons. The tea was imported from India and Sri Lanka then tasted, blended and packaged. It was delivered by the company's black, gold and green horse-drawn coaches. In 1926 the business moved to purpose-built premises in Algernon Road. Eventually there were 26 branches of Ringtons in the North. The firm moved into coachbuilding during the World Wars, which led to the creation of Smith's Electric Vehicles at Team Valley Trading Estate.

Alexander Gardner.

Cross monument. Alexander Gardner (1877-1921) was a footballer for Newcastle United. Before the First World War, Newcastle United were in the First Division, won three league titles and won one FA Cup final of three. Alexander was the captain and played at right half (midfielder). He made 268 appearances and scored 20 goals. He was born in Leith in 1899. The 1904/5 team won 23 out of 34 league games. In 1909 Alexander broke his leg, which ended his football career. He became landlord of the Dun Cow Inn in Claremont Road.

Michael Joseph Quigley.

Gravestone of Michael Joseph Quigley (1837-1924), American Civil War veteran. Michael was born in Bradford and emigrated to America with his wife shortly before the outbreak of civil war. He served under General Robert E. Lee in Virginia but was wounded in his left arm. He was later employed in Government Service. He returned to Britain in 1876. He lived in St. Lawrence Square off Walker Road. His income was subsidised by a pension from the American Government.

James Skinner.

Obelisk monument to James Skinner (1836-1920), shipbuilder. James was born in London. He moved to Newcastle aged 14 to begin an apprenticeship at Coutts shipyard at Low Walker. He went on to manage Andrew Leslie's shipyard at Hebburn then opened a yard at Bill Quay with William Wood, shipyard cashier. The firm Wood Skinner & Co. built 330 vessels over 42 years up to 1925. They also built the 30-bed Tyne Floating Hospital for Infectious Diseases at Jarrow Slake, designed by Newcastle Civil Engineer, George Laws. The hospital ship was launched on 2 August 1885. It sank in 1888. She was refloated and remained moored there for over 40 years.

Francis Batey.

Urn monument to Francis Batey (1841-1915), steam tug boat owner. Francis joined his father's tug boat business at the age of 11 and eventually gained his master's certificate. When the Albert Edward Dock opened in 1884, he was assistant pilot on the Rio Amazonas, the first ship to enter the dock. He went on to be chairman of several tug related companies on the River Tyne. One of his sons, John Thomas Batey, became Managing Director of Hawthorn Leslie's Hebburn shipyard.

Antonio Marcantonio.

Impressive monument of a statue of a monk or friar holding an infant. Antonio Marcantonio (1886-1960), ice cream manufacturer, arrived in Newcastle in 1895 to join a small colony of Italians living in Byker. In the early 1900s he returned to Italy to marry Angela. He returned to Newcastle and began making ice cream in a room in his house using small pans of salt and ice to freeze it. Eventually he took over a small factory on Stepney Bank. 500 gallons of ice cream were made daily. He also owned five ice cream parlours, the first one was in the Grainger Arcade. The Mark Toney business still flourishes (factory at Benton Square).

George Henry Carr.

A 13 feet high monument to George Henry Carr (1867-1889), racing cyclist. There is a shield on each side depicting a bicycle, flowers, the badge of the Jubilee Rovers Bicycle Club and the badge of Clarence Bicycle Club. Carr was a prominent figure on the racing circuit. He died aged 22 of inflammation of the brain.

John James Lightfoot,

Monument of an angel to John James Lightfoot (1877-1897), apprentice joiner. John James was crushed to death aged 19 during restoration of the 200 year old Green Tree beerhouse in Robson's Entry, Sandgate.The building collapsed killing 4 people and injuring 12. The disaster was sketched by the Chronicle's artist and published on 6 March 1897 the day after the accident. The article describes the scene - 'in the house to the east there was a yawning space where the wall had tumbled in; behind the hole a staircase stood, but seemed, like the sword of Damocles, to have no more than a hair-strength to support it'.

Josephine Esther Salisse.

Family vault of M. and H.M. Salisse. A stone sarcophagus with a bronze female figure mourning over it. Josephine Esther Salisse (1905-1924) was from Thornton Heath in Surrey. She died suddenly at her aunt's home in Stratford Road, Heaton, aged 19.

John and Benjamin Green were a father and son who worked in partnership as architects in North East England during the early nineteenth century. John, the father was a civil engineer as well as an architect. Although they did carry out some commissions separately, they were given joint credit for many of their projects, and it is difficult to attribute much of their work to a single individual. In general, John Green worked on civil engineering projects, such as road and rail bridges, whereas Benjamin worked on projects that were more purely architectural. Their work was predominantly church and railway architecture, with a sprinkling of public buildings that includes their masterpiece, Newcastle's Theatre Royal.

Drawings by John and Benjamin Green are held by the Laing Art Gallery in Newcastle upon Tyne.

Biographies

John Green was born on 29 June 1787 at Newton Fell House, Nafferton, two miles north of Ovington, Northumberland. He was the son of Benjamin Green, a carpenter and maker of agricultural implements. After finishing school, he worked in his father's business. The firm moved to the market town of Corbridge and began general building work with young John concentrating on architectural work. About 1820, John set up business as an architect and civil engineer in nearby Newcastle upon Tyne.

John Green married Jane Stobart in 1805, and they had two sons, John (c.1807–68) and Benjamin (c1811-58), both of whom became architects. Little is known about the career of John, but Benjamin worked in partnership with his father on many projects.

In 1822 John Green designed a new building for the Newcastle Literary and Philosophical Society. The building, which houses the society's substantial library, is still in use today. He also designed a number of farmhouses, being employed on the Beaufront estate near Hexham and also on the Duke of Northumberland’s estates.

John Green was principally a civil engineer, and built several road and rail bridges. In 1829–31 he built two wrought-iron suspension bridges crossing the Tyne (at Scotswood) and the Tees (at Whorlton). The bridge at Scotswood was demolished in 1967 but the one at Whorlton still survives. When the High Level Bridge at Newcastle was proposed ten years later, John Green submitted plans, but those of Robert Stephenson were accepted by the York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway. Green also built a number of bridges using an innovative system of laminated timber arches on masonry piers, the Weibeking system, based on the work of Bavarian engineer C.F. Weibeking. The two he built for the Newcastle and North Shields Railway, at the Ouseburn and at Willington Quay remain in use, though the timbers were replaced with wrought iron in a similar lattice pattern in 1869. In 1840 he was elected to the Institution of Civil Engineers, and in 1841 he was awarded the institution's Telford Medal for his work on laminated arch design.

John Green died in Newcastle on 30 September 1852.

Benjamin Green

Benjamin Green was a pupil of Augustus Charles Pugin, father of the more famous Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin. In the mid-1830s he became a partner of his father and remained so until the latter's death in 1852. The two partners differed somewhat. John has been described as a 'plain, practical, shrewd man of business' with a 'plain, severe and economical' style, whereas Benjamin was 'an artistic, dashing sort of fellow', with a style that was 'ornamental, florid and costly'.

The Greens worked as railway architects and it is believed that all the main line stations between Newcastle and Berwick upon Tweed were designed by Benjamin. In 2020 Morpeth Station was restored to Green's original designs following a £2.3M investment. They also designed a number of Northumbrian churches, the best examples being at Earsdon and Cambo.

The Green's most important commissions in Newcastle were the Theatre Royal (1836–37) and the column for Grey's Monument (1837–38). Both of these structures were part of the re-development of Newcastle city centre in neo-classical style by Richard Grainger, and both exist today. Although both of the partners were credited with their design, it is believed that Benjamin was the person responsible.

Another well-known structure designed by the Greens is Penshaw Monument (1844). This is a folly standing on Penshaw Hill in County Durham. It was built as a half-sized replica of the renowned Temple of Hephaestus in Athens, and was dedicated to John George Lambton, first Earl of Durham and the first Governor of the Province of Canada. The monument, being built on a hill is visible for miles around and is a famous local landmark. It is now owned by the National Trust.

Benjamin Green survived his father by only six years, and died in a mental home at Dinsdale Park, County Durham on 14 November 1858.

Major works

Presbyterian Chapel, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1822 (demolished 2011)

Literary and Philosophical Society, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1822–1825

St Peter's Church, Falstone, 1824–1825

Westgate Hill Cemetery, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1825–1829 (lodge demolished 1970, railings and gates removed, piers and basic layout remains)

Ingram Farm, Ingram, 1826

Whorlton Suspension Bridge, Wycliffe, County Durham, 1829–1831

Hawks Cottages, Gateshead, 1830 (demolished 1960)

Scotswood Chain Bridge, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1831, (demolished 1967)

Church of St Mary and St Thomas Aquinas, Stella, 1831–1832[1]

Bellingham Bridge, Bellingham, 1834

Holy Trinity Church, Stockton-On-Tees, 1834–1835[2]

Holy Trinity Church, Dalton (near Stamfordham), 1836

Vicarage of St Alban, Earsdon, 1836

Church of St Alban, Earsdon, 1836–1837

St Mary's Roman Catholic Church, Alnwick, 1836

Church of the Holy Saviour, Newburn, 1836–1837

Poor Law Guardians Hall, North Shields, 1837

Master Mariners Homes, Tynemouth, 1837–1840[3]

Theatre Royal, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1837

Parish Hall of the Church of the Holy Saviour, Newburn, 1838

Column of Grey's Monument, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1838

Willington Viaduct, Wallsend, 1837–1839

Ouseburn Viaduct, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1837–1839

Church of the Holy Saviour, Tynemouth, 1839–1841

Ilderton Vicarage, Ilderton, 1841

The Red Cottage, Whitburn, 1842

Holy Trinity Church, Cambo, 1842

Holy Trinity Church, Horsley-on-Rede, 1844

The Earl of Durham's Monument, Sunderland, 1844

St Edwin's, Coniscliffe, Co. Durham, 1844 (restoration of mediaeval church)

40–44 Moseley Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1845

Witham Testimonial Hall, Barnard Castle, 1846

Old Railway Station, Tynemouth Rd, Tynemouth 1846–1847

Acklington Station, Acklington, 1847

Chathill Station, Chathill, 1847

Belford Station, Belford, Northumberland, 1847

Morpeth Station, Morpeth, Northumberland, 1847

Warkworth Station, Warkworth, Northumberland, 1847

Holy Trinity Church, Seghill, 1849

Newcastle Joint Stock Bank, St Nicholas Square, Newcastle, c.1850

Norham station, Norham, 1851

St Paul's Church, Elswick, 1854

All Saints Cemetery, Jesmond, 1854

Sailor's Home, 11 New Quay, North Shields, 1856

United Free Methodist Church, North Shields, 1857

Corn Exchange, Groat Market, Newcastle (demolished 1974)

Newcastle upon Tyne, or simply Newcastle is a cathedral city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England. It is located on the River Tyne's northern bank, opposite Gateshead to the south. It is the most populous settlement in the Tyneside conurbation and North East England.

Newcastle developed around a Roman settlement called Pons Aelius, the settlement became known as Monkchester before taking on the name of a castle built in 1080 by William the Conqueror's eldest son, Robert Curthose. It was one of the world's largest ship building and repair centres during the industrial revolution. Newcastle was part of the county of Northumberland until 1400, when it separated and formed a county of itself. In 1974, Newcastle became part of Tyne and Wear. Since 2018, the city council has been part of the North of Tyne Combined Authority.

The history of Newcastle upon Tyne dates back almost 2,000 years, during which it has been controlled by the Romans, the Angles and the Norsemen amongst others. Newcastle upon Tyne was originally known by its Roman name Pons Aelius. The name "Newcastle" has been used since the Norman conquest of England. Due to its prime location on the River Tyne, the town developed greatly during the Middle Ages and it was to play a major role in the Industrial Revolution, being granted city status in 1882. Today, the city is a major retail, commercial and cultural centre.

Roman settlement

The history of Newcastle dates from AD 122, when the Romans built the first bridge to cross the River Tyne at that point. The bridge was called Pons Aelius or 'Bridge of Aelius', Aelius being the family name of Roman Emperor Hadrian, who was responsible for the Roman wall built across northern England along the Tyne–Solway gap. Hadrian's Wall ran through present-day Newcastle, with stretches of wall and turrets visible along the West Road, and at a temple in Benwell. Traces of a milecastle were found on Westgate Road, midway between Clayton Street and Grainger Street, and it is likely that the course of the wall corresponded to present-day Westgate Road. The course of the wall can be traced eastwards to the Segedunum Roman fort at Wallsend, with the fort of Arbeia down-river at the mouth of the Tyne, on the south bank in what is now South Shields. The Tyne was then a wider, shallower river at this point and it is thought that the bridge was probably about 700 feet (210 m) long, made of wood and supported on stone piers. It is probable that it was sited near the current Swing Bridge, due to the fact that Roman artefacts were found there during the building of the latter bridge. Hadrian himself probably visited the site in 122. A shrine was set up on the completed bridge in 123 by the 6th Legion, with two altars to Neptune and Oceanus respectively. The two altars were subsequently found in the river and are on display in the Great North Museum in Newcastle.

The Romans built a stone-walled fort in 150 to protect the river crossing which was at the foot of the Tyne Gorge, and this took the name of the bridge so that the whole settlement was known as Pons Aelius. The fort was situated on a rocky outcrop overlooking the new bridge, on the site of the present Castle Keep. Pons Aelius is last mentioned in 400, in a Roman document listing all of the Roman military outposts. It is likely that nestling in the shadow of the fort would have been a small vicus, or village. Unfortunately, no buildings have been detected; only a few pieces of flagging. It is clear that there was a Roman cemetery near Clavering Place, behind the Central station, as a number of Roman coffins and sarcophagi have been unearthed there.

Despite the presence of the bridge, the settlement of Pons Aelius was not particularly important among the northern Roman settlements. The most important stations were those on the highway of Dere Street running from Eboracum (York) through Corstopitum (Corbridge) and to the lands north of the Wall. Corstopitum, being a major arsenal and supply centre, was much larger and more populous than Pons Aelius.

Anglo-Saxon development

The Angles arrived in the North-East of England in about 500 and may have landed on the Tyne. There is no evidence of an Anglo-Saxon settlement on or near the site of Pons Aelius during the Anglo-Saxon age. The bridge probably survived and there may well have been a small village at the northern end, but no evidence survives. At that time the region was dominated by two kingdoms, Bernicia, north of the Tees and ruled from Bamburgh, and Deira, south of the Tees and ruled from York. Bernicia and Deira combined to form the kingdom of Northanhymbra (Northumbria) early in the 7th century. There were three local kings who held the title of Bretwalda – 'Lord of Britain', Edwin of Deira (627–632), Oswald of Bernicia (633–641) and Oswy of Northumbria (641–658). The 7th century became known as the 'Golden Age of Northumbria', when the area was a beacon of culture and learning in Europe. The greatness of this period was based on its generally Christian culture and resulted in the Lindisfarne Gospels amongst other treasures. The Tyne valley was dotted with monasteries, with those at Monkwearmouth, Hexham and Jarrow being the most famous. Bede, who was based at Jarrow, wrote of a royal estate, known as Ad Murum, 'at the Wall', 12 miles (19 km) from the sea. It is thought that this estate may have been in what is now Newcastle. At some unknown time, the site of Newcastle came to be known as Monkchester. The reason for this title is unknown, as we are unaware of any specific monasteries at the site, and Bede made no reference to it. In 875 Halfdan Ragnarsson, the Danish Viking conqueror of York, led an army that attacked and pillaged various monasteries in the area, and it is thought that Monkchester was also pillaged at this time. Little more was heard of it until the coming of the Normans.

Norman period

After the arrival of William the Conqueror in England in 1066, the whole of England was quickly subjected to Norman rule. However, in Northumbria there was great resistance to the Normans, and in 1069 the newly appointed Norman Earl of Northumbria, Robert de Comines and 700 of his men were killed by the local population at Durham. The Northumbrians then marched on York, but William was able to suppress the uprising. That same year, a second uprising occurred when a Danish fleet landed in the Humber. The Northumbrians again attacked York and destroyed the garrison there. William was again able to suppress the uprising, but this time he took revenge. He laid waste to the whole of the Midlands and the land from York to the Tees. In 1080, William Walcher, the Norman bishop of Durham and his followers were brutally murdered at Gateshead. This time Odo, bishop of Bayeux, William's half brother, devastated the land between the Tees and the Tweed. This was known as the 'Harrying of the North'. This devastation is reflected in the Domesday Book. The destruction had such an effect that the North remained poor and backward at least until Tudor times and perhaps until the Industrial Revolution. Newcastle suffered in this respect with the rest of the North.

In 1080 William sent his eldest son, Robert Curthose, north to defend the kingdom against the Scots. After his campaign, he moved to Monkchester and began the building of a 'New Castle'. This was of the "motte-and-bailey" type of construction, a wooden tower on top of an earthen mound (motte), surrounded by a moat and wooden stockade (bailey). It was this castle that gave Newcastle its name. In 1095 the Earl of Northumbria, Robert de Mowbray, rose up against the king, William Rufus, and Rufus sent an army north to recapture the castle. From then on the castle became crown property and was an important base from which the king could control the northern barons. The Northumbrian earldom was abolished and a Sheriff of Northumberland was appointed to administer the region. In 1091 the parish church of St Nicholas was consecrated on the site of the present Anglican cathedral, close by the bailey of the new castle. The church is believed to have been a wooden building on stone footings.

Not a trace of the tower or mound of the motte and bailey castle remains now. Henry II replaced it with a rectangular stone keep, which was built between 1172 and 1177 at a cost of £1,444. A stone bailey, in the form of a triangle, replaced the previous wooden one. The great outer gateway to the castle, called 'the Black Gate', was built later, between 1247 and 1250, in the reign of Henry III. There were at that time no town walls and when attacked by the Scots, the townspeople had to crowd into the bailey for safety. It is probable that the new castle acted as a magnet for local merchants because of the safety it provided. This in turn would help to expand trade in the town. At this time wool, skins and lead were being exported, whilst alum, pepper and ginger were being imported from France and Flanders.

Middle Ages

Throughout the Middle Ages, Newcastle was England's northern fortress, the centre for assembled armies. The Border war against Scotland lasted intermittently for several centuries – possibly the longest border war ever waged. During the civil war between Stephen and Matilda, David 1st of Scotland and his son were granted Cumbria and Northumberland respectively, so that for a period from 1139 to 1157, Newcastle was effectively in Scottish hands. It is believed that during this period, King David may have built the church of St Andrew and the Benedictine nunnery in Newcastle. However, King Stephen's successor, Henry II was strong enough to take back the Earldom of Northumbria from Malcolm IV.

The Scots king William the Lion was imprisoned in Newcastle, in 1174, after being captured at the Battle of Alnwick. Edward I brought the Stone of Scone and William Wallace south through the town and Newcastle was successfully defended against the Scots three times during the 14th century.

Around 1200, stone-faced, clay-filled jetties were starting to project into the river, an indication that trade was increasing in Newcastle. As the Roman roads continued to deteriorate, sea travel was gaining in importance. By 1275 Newcastle was the sixth largest wool exporting port in England. The principal exports at this time were wool, timber, coal, millstones, dairy produce, fish, salt and hides. Much of the developing trade was with the Baltic countries and Germany. Most of the Newcastle merchants were situated near the river, below the Castle. The earliest known charter was dated 1175 in the reign of Henry II, giving the townspeople some control over their town. In 1216 King John granted Newcastle a mayor[8] and also allowed the formation of guilds (known as Mysteries). These were cartels formed within different trades, which restricted trade to guild members. There were initially twelve guilds. Coal was being exported from Newcastle by 1250, and by 1350 the burgesses received a royal licence to export coal. This licence to export coal was jealously guarded by the Newcastle burgesses, and they tried to prevent any one else on the Tyne from exporting coal except through Newcastle. The burgesses similarly tried to prevent fish from being sold anywhere else on the Tyne except Newcastle. This led to conflicts with Gateshead and South Shields.

In 1265, the town was granted permission to impose a 'Wall Tax' or Murage, to pay for the construction of a fortified wall to enclose the town and protect it from Scottish invaders. The town walls were not completed until early in the 14th century. They were two miles (3 km) long, 9 feet (2.7 m) thick and 25 feet (7.6 m) high. They had six main gates, as well as some smaller gates, and had 17 towers. The land within the walls was divided almost equally by the Lort Burn, which flowed southwards and joined the Tyne to the east of the Castle. The town began to expand north of the Castle and west of the Lort Burn with various markets being set up within the walls.

In 1400 Henry IV granted a new charter, creating a County corporate which separated the town, but not the Castle, from the county of Northumberland and recognised it as a "county of itself" with a right to have a sheriff of its own. The burgesses were now allowed to choose six aldermen who, with the mayor would be justices of the peace. The mayor and sheriff were allowed to hold borough courts in the Guildhall.

Religious houses

During the Middle Ages a number of religious houses were established within the walls: the first of these was the Benedictine nunnery of St Bartholomew founded in 1086 near the present-day Nun Street. Both David I of Scotland and Henry I of England were benefactors of the religious house. Nothing of the nunnery remains now.

The friary of Blackfriars, Newcastle (Dominican) was established in 1239. These were also known as the Preaching Friars or Shod Friars, because they wore sandals, as opposed to other orders. The friary was situated in the present-day Friars Street. In 1280 the order was granted royal permission to make a postern in the town walls to communicate with their gardens outside the walls. On 19 June 1334, Edward Balliol, claimant to be King of Scotland, did homage to King Edward III, on behalf of the kingdom of Scotland, in the church of the friary. Much of the original buildings of the friary still exist, mainly because, after the Dissolution of the Monasteries the friary of Blackfriars was rented out by the corporation to nine of the local trade guilds.

The friary of Whitefriars (Carmelite) was established in 1262. The order was originally housed on the Wall Knoll in Pandon, but in 1307 it took over the buildings of another order, which went out of existence, the Friars of the Sac. The land, which had originally been given by Robert the Bruce, was situated in the present-day Hanover Square, behind the Central station. Nothing of the friary remains now.

The friary of Austinfriars (Augustinian) was established in 1290. The friary was on the site where the Holy Jesus Hospital was built in 1682. The friary was traditionally the lodging place of English kings whenever they visited or passed through Newcastle. In 1503 Princess Margaret, eldest daughter of Henry VII of England, stayed two days at the friary on her way to join her new husband James IV of Scotland.

The friary of Greyfriars (Franciscans) was established in 1274. The friary was in the present-day area between Pilgrim Street, Grey Street, Market Street and High Chare. Nothing of the original buildings remains.

The friary of the Order of the Holy Trinity, also known as the Trinitarians, was established in 1360. The order devoted a third of its income to buying back captives of the Saracens, during the Crusades. Their house was on the Wall Knoll, in Pandon, to the east of the city, but within the walls. Wall Knoll had previously been occupied by the White Friars until they moved to new premises in 1307.

All of the above religious houses were closed in about 1540, when Henry VIII dissolved the monasteries.

An important street running through Newcastle at the time was Pilgrim Street, running northwards inside the walls and leading to the Pilgrim Gate on the north wall. The street still exists today as arguably Newcastle's main shopping street.

Tudor period

The Scottish border wars continued for much of the 16th century, so that during that time, Newcastle was often threatened with invasion by the Scots, but also remained important as a border stronghold against them.

During the Reformation begun by Henry VIII in 1536, the five Newcastle friaries and the single nunnery were dissolved and the land was sold to the Corporation and to rich merchants. At this time there were fewer than 60 inmates of the religious houses in Newcastle. The convent of Blackfriars was leased to nine craft guilds to be used as their headquarters. This probably explains why it is the only one of the religious houses whose building survives to the present day. The priories at Tynemouth and Durham were also dissolved, thus ending the long-running rivalry between Newcastle and the church for control of trade on the Tyne. A little later, the property of the nunnery of St Bartholomew and of Grey Friars were bought by Robert Anderson, who had the buildings demolished to build his grand Newe House (also known as Anderson Place).

With the gradual decline of the Scottish border wars the town walls were allowed to decline as well as the castle. By 1547, about 10,000 people were living in Newcastle. At the beginning of the 16th century exports of wool from Newcastle were more than twice the value of exports of coal, but during the century coal exports continued to increase.

Under Edward VI, John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, sponsored an act allowing Newcastle to annexe Gateshead as its suburb. The main reason for this was to allow the Newcastle Hostmen, who controlled the export of Tyne coal, to get their hands on the Gateshead coal mines, previously controlled by the Bishop of Durham. However, when Mary I came to power, Dudley met his downfall and the decision was reversed. The Reformation allowed private access to coal mines previously owned by Tynemouth and Durham priories and as a result coal exports increase dramatically, from 15,000 tons in 1500 to 35,000 tons in 1565, and to 400,000 tons in 1625.

The plague visited Newcastle four times during the 16th century, in 1579 when 2,000 people died, in 1589 when 1700 died, in 1595 and finally in 1597.

In 1600 Elizabeth I granted Newcastle a charter for an exclusive body of electors, the right to elect the mayor and burgesses. The charter also gave the Hostmen exclusive rights to load coal at any point on the Tyne. The Hostmen developed as an exclusive group within the Merchant Adventurers who had been incorporated by a charter in 1547.

Stuart period

In 1636 there was a serious outbreak of bubonic plague in Newcastle. There had been several previous outbreaks of the disease over the years, but this was the most serious. It is thought to have arrived from the Netherlands via ships that were trading between the Tyne and that country. It first appeared in the lower part of the town near the docks but gradually spread to all parts of the town. As the disease gained hold the authorities took measures to control it by boarding up any properties that contained infected persons, meaning that whole families were locked up together with the infected family members. Other infected persons were put in huts outside the town walls and left to die. Plague pits were dug next to the town's four churches and outside the town walls to receive the bodies in mass burials. Over the course of the outbreak 5,631 deaths were recorded out of an estimated population of 12,000, a death rate of 47%.

In 1637 Charles I tried to raise money by doubling the 'voluntary' tax on coal in return for allowing the Newcastle Hostmen to regulate production and fix prices. This caused outrage amongst the London importers and the East Anglian shippers. Both groups decided to boycott Tyne coal and as a result forced Charles to reverse his decision in 1638.

In 1640 during the Second Bishops' War, the Scots successfully invaded Newcastle. The occupying army demanded £850 per day from the Corporation to billet the Scottish troops. Trade from the Tyne ground to a halt during the occupation. The Scots left in 1641 after receiving a Parliamentary pardon and a £4,000,000 loan from the town.

In 1642 the English Civil War began. King Charles realised the value of the Tyne coal trade and therefore garrisoned Newcastle. A Royalist was appointed as governor. At that time, Newcastle and King's Lynn were the only important seaports to support the crown. In 1644 Parliament blockaded the Tyne to prevent the king from receiving revenue from the Tyne coal trade. Coal exports fell from 450,000 to 3,000 tons and London suffered a hard winter without fuel. Parliament encouraged the coal trade from the Wear to try to replace that lost from Newcastle but that was not enough to make up for the lost Tyneside tonnage.

In 1644 the Scots crossed the border. Newcastle strengthened its defences in preparation. The Scottish army, with 40,000 troops, besieged Newcastle for three months until the garrison of 1,500 surrendered. During the siege, the Scots bombarded the walls with their artillery, situated in Gateshead and Castle Leazes. The Scottish commander threatened to destroy the steeple of St Nicholas's Church by gunfire if the mayor, Sir John Marley, did not surrender the town. The mayor responded by placing Scottish prisoners that they had captured in the steeple, so saving it from destruction. The town walls were finally breached by a combination of artillery and sapping. In gratitude for this defence, Charles gave Newcastle the motto 'Fortiter Defendit Triumphans' to be added to its coat of arms. The Scottish army occupied Northumberland and Durham for two years. The coal taxes had to pay for the Scottish occupation. In 1645 Charles surrendered to the Scots and was imprisoned in Newcastle for nine months. After the Civil War the coal trade on the Tyne soon picked up and exceeded its pre-war levels.

A new Guildhall was completed on the Sandhill next to the river in 1655, replacing an earlier facility damaged by fire in 1639, and became the meeting place of Newcastle Town Council. In 1681 the Hospital of the Holy Jesus was built partly on the site of the Austin Friars. The Guildhall and Holy Jesus Hospital still exist.

Charles II tried to impose a charter on Newcastle to give the king the right to appoint the mayor, sheriff, recorder and town clerk. Charles died before the charter came into effect. In 1685, James II tried to replace Corporation members with named Catholics. However, James' mandate was suspended in 1689 after the Glorious Revolution welcoming William of Orange. In 1689, after the fall of James II, the people of Newcastle tore down his bronze equestrian statue in Sandhill and tossed it into the Tyne. The bronze was later used to make bells for All Saints Church.

In 1689 the Lort Burn was covered over. At this time it was an open sewer. The channel followed by the Lort Burn became the present day Dean Street. At that time, the centre of Newcastle was still the Sandhill area, with many merchants living along the Close or on the Side. The path of the main road through Newcastle ran from the single Tyne bridge, through Sandhill to the Side, a narrow street which climbed steeply on the north-east side of the castle hill until it reached the higher ground alongside St Nicholas' Church. As Newcastle developed, the Side became lined with buildings with projecting upper stories, so that the main street through Newcastle was a narrow, congested, steep thoroughfare.

In 1701 the Keelmen's Hospital was built in the Sandgate area of the city, using funds provided by the keelmen. The building still stands today.

Eighteenth century

In the 18th century, Newcastle was the country's largest print centre after London, Oxford and Cambridge, and the Literary and Philosophical Society of 1793, with its erudite debates and large stock of books in several languages predated the London Library by half a century.

In 1715, during the Jacobite rising in favour of the Old Pretender, an army of Jacobite supporters marched on Newcastle. Many of the Northumbrian gentry joined the rebels. The citizens prepared for its arrival by arresting Jacobite supporters and accepting 700 extra recruits into the local militia. The gates of the city were closed against the rebels. This proved enough to delay an attack until reinforcements arrived forcing the rebel army to move across to the west coast. The rebels finally surrendered at Preston.

In 1745, during a second Jacobite rising in favour of the Young Pretender, a Scottish army crossed the border led by Bonnie Prince Charlie. Once again Newcastle prepared by arresting Jacobite supporters and inducting 800 volunteers into the local militia. The town walls were strengthened, most of the gates were blocked up and some 200 cannon were deployed. 20,000 regulars were billeted on the Town Moor. These preparations were enough to force the rebel army to travel south via the west coast. They were eventually defeated at Culloden in 1746.

Newcastle's actions during the 1715 rising in resisting the rebels and declaring for George I, in contrast to the rest of the region, is the most likely source of the nickname 'Geordie', applied to people from Tyneside, or more accurately Newcastle. Another theory, however, is that the name 'Geordie' came from the inventor of the Geordie lamp, George Stephenson. It was a type of safety lamp used in mining, but was not invented until 1815. Apparently the term 'German Geordie' was in common use during the 18th century.

The city's first hospital, Newcastle Infirmary opened in 1753; it was funded by public subscription. A lying-in hospital was established in Newcastle in 1760. The city's first public hospital for mentally ill patients, Wardens Close Lunatic Hospital was opened in October 1767.

In 1771 a flood swept away much of the bridge at Newcastle. The bridge had been built in 1250 and repaired after a flood in 1339. The bridge supported various houses and three towers and an old chapel. A blue stone was placed in the middle of the bridge to mark the boundary between Newcastle and the Palatinate of Durham. A temporary wooden bridge had to be built, and this remained in use until 1781, when a new stone bridge was completed. The new bridge consisted of nine arches. In 1801, because of the pressure of traffic, the bridge had to be widened.

A permanent military presence was established in the city with the completion of Fenham Barracks in 1806. The facilities at the Castle for holding assizes, which had been condemned for their inconvenience and unhealthiness, were replaced when the Moot Hall opened in August 1812.

Victorian period

Present-day Newcastle owes much of its architecture to the work of the builder Richard Grainger, aided by architects John Dobson, Thomas Oliver, John and Benjamin Green and others. In 1834 Grainger won a competition to produce a new plan for central Newcastle. He put this plan into effect using the above architects as well as architects employed in his own office. Grainger and Oliver had already built Leazes Terrace, Leazes Crescent and Leazes Place between 1829 and 1834. Grainger and Dobson had also built the Royal Arcade at the foot of Pilgrim Street between 1830 and 1832. The most ambitious project covered 12 acres 12 acres (49,000 m2) in central Newcastle, on the site of Newe House (also called Anderson Place). Grainger built three new thoroughfares, Grey Street, Grainger Street and Clayton Street with many connecting streets, as well as the Central Exchange and the Grainger Market. John Wardle and George Walker, working in Grainger's office, designed Clayton Street, Grainger Street and most of Grey Street. Dobson designed the Grainger Market and much of the east side of Grey Street. John and Benjamin Green designed the Theatre Royal at the top of Grey Street, where Grainger placed the column of Grey's Monument as a focus for the whole scheme. Grey Street is considered to be one of the finest streets in the country, with its elegant curve. Unfortunately most of old Eldon Square was demolished in the 1960s in the name of progress. The Royal Arcade met a similar fate.

In 1849 a new bridge was built across the river at Newcastle. This was the High Level Bridge, designed by Robert Stephenson, and slightly up river from the existing bridge. The bridge was designed to carry road and rail traffic across the Tyne Gorge on two decks with rail traffic on the upper deck and road traffic on the lower. The new bridge meant that traffic could pass through Newcastle without having to negotiate the steep, narrow Side, as had been necessary for centuries. The bridge was opened by Queen Victoria, who one year later opened the new Central Station, designed by John Dobson. Trains were now able to cross the river, directly into the centre of Newcastle and carry on up to Scotland. The Army Riding School was also completed in 1849.

In 1854 a large fire started on the Gateshead quayside and an explosion caused it to spread across the river to the Newcastle quayside. A huge conflagration amongst the narrow alleys, or 'chares', destroyed the homes of 800 families as well as many business premises. The narrow alleys that had been destroyed were replaced by streets containing blocks of modern offices.

In 1863 the Town Hall in St Nicholas Square replaced the Guildhall as the meeting place of Newcastle Town Council.

In 1876 the low level bridge was replaced by a new bridge known as the Swing Bridge, so called because the bridge was able to swing horizontally on a central axis and allow ships to pass on either side. This meant that for the first time sizeable ships could pass up-river beyond Newcastle. The bridge was built and paid for by William Armstrong, a local arms manufacturer, who needed to have warships access his Elswick arms factory to fit armaments to them. The Swing Bridge's rotating mechanism is adapted from the cannon mounts developed in Armstrong's arms works. In 1882 the Elswick works began to build ships as well as to arm them. The Barrack Road drill hall was completed in 1890.

Industrialisation

In the 19th century, shipbuilding and heavy engineering were central to the city's prosperity; and the city was a powerhouse of the Industrial Revolution. Newcastle's development as a major city owed most to its central role in the production and export of coal. The phrase "taking coals to Newcastle" was first recorded in 1538; it proverbially denotes bringing a particular commodity to a place that has more than enough of it already.

Innovation in Newcastle and surrounding areas included the following:

George Stephenson developed a miner's safety lamp at the same time that Humphry Davy developed a rival design. The lamp made possible the opening up of ever deeper mines to provide the coal that powered the industrial revolution.

George and his son Robert Stephenson were hugely influential figures in the development of the early railways. George developed Blücher, a locomotive working at Killingworth colliery in 1814, whilst Robert was instrumental in the design of Rocket, a revolutionary design that was the forerunner of modern locomotives. Both men were involved in planning and building railway lines, all over this country and abroad.

Joseph Swan demonstrated a working electric light bulb about a year before Thomas Edison did the same in the USA. This led to a dispute as to who had actually invented the light bulb. Eventually the two rivals agreed to form a mutual company between them, the Edison and Swan Electric Light Company, known as Ediswan.

Charles Algernon Parsons invented the steam turbine, for marine use and for power generation. He used Turbinia, a small, turbine-powered ship, to demonstrate the speed that a steam turbine could generate. Turbinia literally ran rings around the British Fleet at a review at Spithead in 1897.

William Armstrong invented a hydraulic crane that was installed in dockyards up and down the country. He then began to design light, accurate field guns for the British army. These were a vast improvement on the existing guns that were then in use.

The following major industries developed in Newcastle or its surrounding area:

Glassmaking

A small glass industry existed in Newcastle from the mid-15th century. In 1615 restrictions were put on the use of wood for manufacturing glass. It was found that glass could be manufactured using the local coal, and so a glassmaking industry grew up on Tyneside. Huguenot glassmakers came over from France as refugees from persecution and set up glasshouses in the Skinnerburn area of Newcastle. Eventually, glass production moved to the Ouseburn area of Newcastle. In 1684 the Dagnia family, Sephardic Jewish emigrants from Altare, arrived in Newcastle from Stourbridge and established glasshouses along the Close, to manufacture high quality flint glass. The glass manufacturers used sand ballast from the boats arriving in the river as the main raw material. The glassware was then exported in collier brigs. The period from 1730 to 1785 was the highpoint of Newcastle glass manufacture, when the local glassmakers produced the 'Newcastle Light Baluster'. The glassmaking industry still exists in the west end of the city with local Artist and Glassmaker Jane Charles carrying on over four hundred years of hot glass blowing in Newcastle upon Tyne.

Locomotive manufacture

In 1823 George Stephenson and his son Robert established the world's first locomotive factory near Forth Street in Newcastle. Here they built locomotives for the Stockton and Darlington Railway and the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, as well as many others. It was here that the famous locomotive Rocket was designed and manufactured in preparation for the Rainhill Trials. Apart from building locomotives for the British market, the Newcastle works also produced locomotives for Europe and America. The Forth Street works continued to build locomotives until 1960.

Shipbuilding

In 1296 a wooden, 135 ft (41 m) long galley was constructed at the mouth of the Lort Burn in Newcastle, as part of a twenty-ship order from the king. The ship cost £205, and is the earliest record of shipbuilding in Newcastle. However the rise of the Tyne as a shipbuilding area was due to the need for collier brigs for the coal export trade. These wooden sailing ships were usually built locally, establishing local expertise in building ships. As ships changed from wood to steel, and from sail to steam, the local shipbuilding industry changed to build the new ships. Although shipbuilding was carried out up and down both sides of the river, the two main areas for building ships in Newcastle were Elswick, to the west, and Walker, to the east. By 1800 Tyneside was the third largest producer of ships in Britain. Unfortunately, after the Second World War, lack of modernisation and competition from abroad gradually caused the local industry to decline and die.

Armaments

In 1847 William Armstrong established a huge factory in Elswick, west of Newcastle. This was initially used to produce hydraulic cranes but subsequently began also to produce guns for both the army and the navy. After the Swing Bridge was built in 1876 allowing ships to pass up river, warships could have their armaments fitted alongside the Elswick works. Armstrong's company took over its industrial rival, Joseph Whitworth of Manchester in 1897.

Steam turbines

Charles Algernon Parsons invented the steam turbine and, in 1889, founded his own company C. A. Parsons and Company in Heaton, Newcastle to make steam turbines. Shortly after this, he realised that steam turbines could be used to propel ships and, in 1897, he founded a second company, Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company in Wallsend. It is there that he designed and manufactured Turbinia. Parsons turbines were initially used in warships but soon came to be used in merchant and passenger vessels, including the liner Mauretania which held the blue riband for the Atlantic crossing until 1929. Parsons' company in Heaton began to make turbo-generators for power stations and supplied power stations all over the world. The Heaton works, reduced in size, remains as part of the Siemens AG industrial giant.

Pottery

In 1762 the Maling pottery was founded in Sunderland by French Huguenots, but transferred to Newcastle in 1817. A factory was built in the Ouseburn area of the city. The factory was rebuilt twice, finally occupying a 14-acre (57,000 m2) site that was claimed to be the biggest pottery in the world and which had its own railway station. The pottery pioneered use of machines in making potteries as opposed to hand production. In the 1890s the company went up-market and employed in-house designers. The period up to the Second World War was the most profitable with a constant stream of new designs being introduced. However, after the war, production gradually declined and the company closed in 1963.

Expansion of the city

Newcastle was one of the boroughs reformed by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835: the reformed municipal borough included the parishes of Byker, Elswick, Heaton, Jesmond, Newcastle All Saints, Newcastle St Andrew, Newcastle St John, Newcastle St Nicholas, and Westgate. The urban districts of Benwell and Fenham and Walker were added in 1904. In 1935, Newcastle gained Kenton and parts of the parishes of West Brunton, East Denton, Fawdon, Longbenton. The most recent expansion in Newcastle's boundaries took place under the Local Government Act 1972 on 1 April 1974, when Newcastle became a metropolitan borough, also including the urban districts of Gosforth and Newburn, and the parishes of Brunswick, Dinnington, Hazlerigg, North Gosforth and Woolsington from the Castle Ward Rural District, and the village of Westerhope.

Meanwhile Northumberland County Council was formed under the Local Government Act 1888 and benefited from a dedicated meeting place when County Hall was completed in the Castle Garth area of Newcastle in 1910. Following the Local Government Act 1972 County Hall relocated to Morpeth in April 1981.

Twentieth century

In 1925 work began on a new high-level road bridge to span the Tyne Gorge between Newcastle and Gateshead. The capacity of the existing High-Level Bridge and Swing Bridge were being strained to the limit, and an additional bridge had been discussed for a long time. The contract was awarded to the Dorman Long Company and the bridge was finally opened by King George V in 1928. The road deck was 84 feet (26 m) above the river and was supported by a 531 feet (162 m) steel arch. The new Tyne Bridge quickly became a symbol for Newcastle and Tyneside, and remains so today.

During the Second World War, Newcastle was largely spared the horrors inflicted upon other British cities bombed during the Blitz. Although the armaments factories and shipyards along the River Tyne were targeted by the Luftwaffe, they largely escaped unscathed. Manors goods yard and railway terminal, to the east of the city centre, and the suburbs of Jesmond and Heaton suffered bombing during 1941. There were 141 deaths and 587 injuries, a relatively small figure compared to the casualties in other industrial centres of Britain.

In 1963 the city gained its own university, the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, by act of parliament. A School of Medicine and Surgery had been established in Newcastle in 1834. This eventually developed into a college of medicine attached to Durham University. A college of physical science was also founded and became Armstrong College in 1904. In 1934 the two colleges merged to become King's College, Durham. This remained as part of Durham University until the new university was created in 1963. In 1992 the city gained its second university when Newcastle Polytechnic was granted university status as Northumbria University.

Newcastle City Council moved to the new Newcastle Civic Centre in 1968.

As heavy industries declined in the second half of the 20th century, large sections of the city centre were demolished along with many areas of slum housing. The leading political figure in the city during the 1960s was T. Dan Smith who oversaw a massive building programme of highrise housing estates and authorised the demolition of a quarter of the Georgian Grainger Town to make way for Eldon Square Shopping Centre. Smith's control in Newcastle collapsed when it was exposed that he had used public contracts to advantage himself and his business associates and for a time Newcastle became a byword for civic corruption as depicted in the films Get Carter and Stormy Monday and in the television series Our Friends in the North. However, much of the historic Grainger Town area survived and was, for the most part, fully restored in the late 1990s. Northumberland Street, initially the A1, was gradually closed to traffic from the 1970s and completely pedestrianised by 1998.

In 1978 a new rapid transport system, the Metro, was built, linking the Tyneside area. The system opened in August 1980. A new bridge was built to carry the Metro across the river between Gateshead and Newcastle. This was the Queen Elizabeth II Bridge, commonly known as the Metro Bridge. Eventually the Metro system was extended to reach Newcastle Airport in 1991, and in 2002 the Metro system was extended to the nearby city of Sunderland.

As the 20th century progressed, trade on the Newcastle and Gateshead quaysides gradually declined, until by the 1980s both sides of the river were looking rather derelict. Shipping company offices had closed along with offices of firms related to shipping. There were also derelict warehouses lining the riverbank. Local government produced a master plan to re-develop the Newcastle quayside and this was begun in the 1990s. New offices, restaurants, bars and residential accommodation were built and the area has changed in the space of a few years into a vibrant area, partially returning the focus of Newcastle to the riverside, where it was in medieval times.

The Gateshead Millennium Bridge, a foot and cycle bridge, 26 feet (7.9 m) wide and 413 feet (126 m) long, was completed in 2001. The road deck is in the form of a curve and is supported by a steel arch. To allow ships to pass, the whole structure, both arch and road-deck, rotates on huge bearings at either end so that the road deck is lifted. The bridge can be said to open and shut like a human eye. It is an important addition to the re-developed quayside area, providing a vital link between the Newcastle and Gateshead quaysides.

Recent developments

Today the city is a vibrant centre for office and retail employment, but just a short distance away there are impoverished inner-city housing estates, in areas originally built to provide affordable housing for employees of the shipyards and other heavy industries that lined the River Tyne. In the 2010s Newcastle City Council began implementing plans to regenerate these depressed areas, such as those along the Ouseburn Valley.

Fort Monroe, Virginia by David

6 1

www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/Fort-Monroes-L...

Fort Monroe, Virginia (also known as Fortress Monroe) is a military installation located at Old Point Comfort on the tip of the Virginia Peninsula at the mouth of Hampton Roads on the Chesapeake Bay in eastern Virginia in the United States.

In 1634, the area became part of Elizabeth River Shire, and was included in Elizabeth City County when it was formed in 1643. The area including Fort Monroe became part of the independent city of Hampton when Elizabeth City County and the Town of Phoebus agreed to consolidate with Hampton in 1952.

Fort Monroe was completed in 1834, and is named in honor of U.S. President James Monroe. Completely surrounded by a moat, the six-sided stone fort is the only one of its kind left in the United States.

In 1609, Captain John Smith and the colonists of the Virginia Company who established the Jamestown Settlement on the James River in 1607 recognized the strategic importance of the site for purposes of coastal defense and built Fort Algernourne at the location of the present Fort Monroe. Throughout the Colonial period, fortifications were manned at the location from time to time.

Early 19th century

Following the War of 1812, the United States again came to realize the importance of protecting Hampton Roads and the inland waters from attack by sea, and construction was begun in 1819 on what would become the largest stone fort ever built in the United States. The fort features a moat completely surrounding the inner structures. As a young 1st Lieutenant and engineer, Robert E. Lee was stationed there from 1831 to 1834, and played a major role in the final construction of both Fort Monroe and its opposite, Fort Calhoun, later renamed Fort Wool, a man-made island across the navigational channel from Old Point Comfort in the middle of the mouth of Hampton Roads.

When construction was completed in 1834, Fort Monroe was referred to as the "Gibraltar of Chesapeake Bay." The fort accomplished this mission by mounting an impressive complement of the most powerful artillery of the time, 32-pounder guns with a range of over one mile. In conjunction with Fort Calhoun (later Fort Wool), this was just enough range to cover the main shipping channel into the area.

American Civil War 1860/61

Fort Monroe played an important role in the American Civil War. On December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first state to secede from the Union. Four months later, on April 12, 1861, troops of that state opened fire on Fort Sumter in Charleston's harbor. Five days later, Virginia became the eighth Southern state to withdraw from the Union, and join the newly formed Confederacy.

President Abraham Lincoln had Fort Monroe quickly reinforced so that it would not fall to Confederate forces. It was held by Union forces throughout the Civil War and several sea and land expeditions were launched from there by Union forces.

A few weeks after the Battle of Fort Sumter in 1861, US General-in-Chief Winfield Scott proposed to President Lincoln a plan to bring the states back into the Union: cut the Confederacy off from the rest of the world instead of attacking its army in Virginia. His plan was to blockade the Confederacy's coastline and control the Mississippi River valley with gunboats. In cooperation with the Navy, troops from Fort Monroe extended Union control along the coasts of the Carolinas as Lincoln ordered a blockade of the southern seaboard from the South Carolina line to the Rio Grande River on April 19, and on April 27 extended it to include the North Carolina and Virginia coasts.

On April 20 the Union Navy burned and evacuated the Norfolk Navy Yard, destroying nine ships in the process, leaving only Fort Monroe at Old Point Comfort as the last bastion of the United States in Tidewater Virginia. Occupation of Norfolk gave the Confederacy its only major shipyard and thousands of heavy guns, but they held it for only one year. CS Brigadier General Walter Gwynn, who commanded the Confederate defenses around Norfolk, erected batteries at Sewell's Point, both to protect Norfolk and to control Hampton Roads.

The Union dispatched a fleet to Hampton Roads to enforce the blockade, and in 1861 on May 18 and May 19, federal gunboats based at Fort Monroe exchanged fire with the Confederate batteries at Sewell's Point. The little-known Battle of Sewell's Point resulted in little damage to either side. Several land operations against Confederate forces also were mounted from the fort, notably the Battle of Big Bethel in June 1861.

Fort Monroe is also the place at which, on May 27, 1861, Major General Benjamin Butler made his famous “contraband” decision, by which escaping slaves reaching Union lines would not be returned to bondage. The order resulted in waves of enslaved people fleeing to Union lines around Fort Monroe, which was Butler's headquarters in Virginia.

In March 1862, the naval Battle of Hampton Roads took place off Sewell's Point between the first ironclad warships, CSS Virginia and USS Monitor. While the outcome was inconclusive, the battle marked a change in naval warfare and the end to wooden fighting ships.

Later that spring, the continuing presence of the Union Navy based at Fort Monroe enabled Federal water transports from Washington DC to land unmolested to support Major General George B. McClellan’s Peninsula Campaign. Formed at Fort Monroe, McClellan's troops moved up the Virginia Peninsula during the spring of 1862, reaching within a few miles of the gates of Richmond about 80 miles to the west by June 1. For the next 30 days, they laid siege to Richmond. Then, during the Seven Days Battles, McClellan decided to fall back to the James River well below Richmond, ending the campaign. Fortunately for McClellan, during this time, Union troops regained control of Norfolk, Hampton Roads, and the James River below Drewry's Bluff (a strategic point about 8 miles south of Richmond).

In 1864, the Union Army of the James under Major General U.S. Grant was formed at Fort Monroe, and the Siege of Petersburg during 1864 and 1865 was supported on the James River from a base at City Point (now Hopewell, Virginia). Maintaining the control of Hampton Roads at Fort Monroe and Fort Wool was crucial to the naval support Grant required for the successful Union campaign to take Petersburg, which was the key to the fall of the Confederate capitol at Richmond. As Petersburg fell, Richmond was evacuated in 1865 on the night of April 2-April 3. That night, Confederate President Jefferson Davis and his cabinet escaped Richmond, taking the Richmond and Danville Railroad to moving first to Danville and then North Carolina. However, the cause was lost, and Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered what was left of the Army of Northern Virginia to Grant at Appomattox Court House the following week.

After the last Confederate cabinet meeting was held on April 26, 1865 at Charlotte, North Carolina, former Confederate President Jefferson Davis was captured at Irwinville, Georgia and placed under arrest. He was confined in an unheated, open casemate at Fort Monroe for two years. Some historians have speculated that his treatment in captivity was intended to be fatal. In poor health, Davis was released in May, 1867 on bail which was posted by prominent citizens of both northern and southern states, including Horace Greeley and Cornelius Vanderbilt who had become convinced he was being treated unfairly. The federal government proceeded no further in its prosecution due to the constitutional concerns of U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase.

Over time the armament at Fort Monroe was improved, taking advantage of new technologies. In addition, the fort controlled several sub installations around Hampton Roads, making the area one of the most heavily defended in the United States.

The Jamestown Exposition held in 1907 at Hampton Roads, featured an extensive naval review, including the Great White Fleet. Beginning in 1917, the former exposition site at Sewell's Point became a major base of the United States Navy. Currently, Norfolk Navy Base is the base supporting naval forces operating in the Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and Indian Ocean. It is the world's largest Naval Station; in fact, based on supported military population, it is the largest naval installation in the world.

Fort Monroe and Fort Wool stood guard during World War I and World War II, and successfully protected Hampton Roads and the important military and civilian resources located inland.

By World War II, Fort Monroe served as headquarters for an impressive array of coast artillery guns ranging from 3-inch rapid fire guns to 16-inch guns capable of firing a 2,000 pound projectile 25 miles. In addition, the Army controlled submarine barriers and underwater mine fields. But this vast array of armaments was all made obsolete by the development of the long-range bomber and the aircraft carrier after the second World War.

After the operational armament was removed, Fort Monroe received a mission that it still maintains to this day. Since World War II, it has served as the major headquarters for training soldiers for war. In 1973, Fort Monroe became home to the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC), which combines the training of soldiers with the development of operational doctrine and the development and procurement of new weapons systems.

Fort Monroe supports a daytime population of about 2,096, including 1,105 people in uniform, 1,991 civilian and contract employees, and about 814 family members residing on post.

In addition to continuing to serve as an active military installation, Fort Monroe has become a popular historical site. The Casemate Museum, opened in 1951, depicts the history of Fort Monroe and Old Point Comfort, with special emphasis on the Civil War period. It offers a view of Confederate President Jefferson Davis' prison cell. Also shown are the quarters occupied by 1st Lt. Robert E. Lee in 1831-34, and the quarters where President Abraham Lincoln was a guest in May 1862.

Nearby, Fort Monroe's companion guardian of Hampton Roads, Fort Wool, located at Rip Raps is also available for tours.

Note: Fort Wool is located adjacent to one of the man-made islands of the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel and is accessible only by water. The availability of public tours of both Fort Wool and Fort Monroe are subject to Homeland Security Alert conditions.

Base Realignment and Closure, 2005

The information on this page may change as a result of the 2005 U.S. Base Realignment and Closure Program (BRAC 2005).

The Department of Defense released a list on 13 May 2005 of military installations recommended for closure and/or realignment--among them is Fort Monroe. The list has been approved by Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld and will be submitted to Congress and President Bush, who must then approve it by 23 September.

It is unclear as to what will become of the base after closing. Given the historic significance of the base, it is inevitable that substantial parts of it will be turned into another of the many historical sites located throughout the greater Hampton Roads area.

However, the city of Hampton has recently received numerous proposals for high-end residential and commercial development on the site once Fort Monroe is decommissioned. Because of the scarcity and desirability of waterfront property, the fort area is prime development property. Development will be facilitated by the fact that most of the land on which the fort stands was loaned by the state of Virginia to the federal government, and will revert to the state once Fort Monroe closes.

EMERGENCY MOBILE @ warm up for COPENHAGEN ULTRACONTEMPORARY BIENNALE by Thierry Geoffroy / Colonel : Artist

4

3/3/2015 a group of artists exhibited NOW about the NOW as warm up for

COPENHAGEN ULTRACONTEMPORARY BIENNALE

main : copenhagenbiennale.org/

www.facebook.com/CopenhagenBiennale

www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html

www.emergencyrooms.org/

www.emergencyrooms.org/biennalist.html

--- a presentation of COPENHAGEN ULTRACONTEMPORARY BIENNALE will be done at the Venice Biennale 2015 ---

check date and place here www.facebook.com/CopenhagenBiennale

meanwhile contemparary art will be shownn by

ABBOUD, Jumana Emil .ABDESSEMED, Adel .ABONNENC, Mathieu Kleyebe

ABOUNADDARA.ACHOUR, Boris ADKINS, Terry AFIF, Saâdane

AKERMAN, Chantal AKOMFRAH, John AKPOKIERE, Karo

AL SOLH, Mounira ALGÜN RINGBORG, Meriç ALLORA, Jennifer & CALZADILLA, Guillermo

ATAMAN, Kutlug BAJEVIC, Maja BALLESTEROS, Ernesto

BALOJI, Sammy BARBA, Rosa

BASELITZ, Georg BASUALDO, Eduardo BAUER, Petra

BESHTY, Walead BHABHA, Huma BOLTANSKI, Christian

BONVICINI, Monica BOYCE, Sonia

BOYD, Daniel BREY, Ricardo BROODTHAERS, Marcel BRUGUERA, Tania

BURGA, Teresa CALHOUN, Keith & McCORMICK, Chandra CAO, Fei

CHAMEKH, Nidhal CHERNYSHEVA, Olga CHUNG, Tiffany

COOPERATIVA CRÁTER INVERTIDO CREATIVE TIME SUMMIT

DAMIANI, Elena DELLER, Jeremy DJORDAJDZE, Thea DUMAS, Marlene

E-FLUX JOURNAL EDWARDS, Melvin EFFLATOUN, Inji EHMANN, Antje & FAROCKI, Harun

EICHHORN, Maria EVANS, Walker FAROCKI, Harun FLOYD, Emily

FRIEDL, Peter FUSCO, Coco FUSINATO, Marco

GAINES, Charles GALLAGHER, Ellen GALLARDO, Ana GARCIA, Dora

GATES, Theaster GENZKEN, Isa GLUKLYA GOMES, Sônia GROSSE, Katharina

GULF LABOR GURSKY, Andreas HAACKE, Hans

HADJITHOMAS, Joana & JOREIGE, Khalil HARRY, Newell HASSAN, Kay

HIRSCHHORN, Thomas HÖLLER, Carsten HOLT, Nancy & SMITHSON, Robert

IM, Heung Soon INVISIBLE BORDERS: Trans-African Photographers ISHIDA, Tetsuya

JI, Dachun JULIEN, Isaac K., Hiwa KAMBALU, Samson KIM, Ayoung

KLUGE, Alexander KNGWARREYE, Emily Kame LAGOMARSINO, Runo LEBER, Sonia & CHESWORTH, David

LIGON, Glenn MABUNDA, Gonçalo MADHUSUDHANAN MAHAMA, Ibrahim

MALJKOVIC, David MAN, Victor MANSARAY, Abu Bakarr MARKER, Chris

MARSHALL, Kerry James MARTEN, Helen MAURI, Fabio McQUEEN, Steve

MOHAIEMEN, Naeem MORAN, Jason MÜLLER, Ivana MUNROE, Lavar MURILLO, Oscar

MUTU, Wangechi NAM, Hwayeon NAUMAN, Bruce NDIAYE, Cheikh NICOLAI, Olaf

OFILI, Chris OGBOH, Emeka PARRENO, Philippe PASCALI, Pino PIPER, Adrian

PONIFASIO, Lemi QIU, Zhijie RAISSNIA, Raha RAQS MEDIA COLLECTIVE

(NARULA, Monica; BAGCHI, Jeebesh; SENGUPTA, Shuddhabrata) REYNAUD-DEWAR, Lili

RIDNYI, Mykola ROBERTS, Liisa ROTTENBERG, Mika SCHÖNFELDT, Joachim SELMANI, Massinissa

SENGHOR, Fatou Kand SHETTY, Prasad & GUPTE, Rupal SIBONY, Gedi

SIMMONS, Gary SIMON, Taryn SIMPSON, Lorna SMITHSON, Robert SUBOTZKY, Mikhael

SUHAIL, Mariam SZE, Sarah THE PROPELLER GROUPthe TOMORROW

TIRAVANIJA, Rirkrit TOGUO, Barthélémy XU, Bing YOUNIS, Ala

ALBANIA

Albanian Trilogy: A Series of Devious Stratagems

Armando Lulaj

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marco Scotini. Deputy Curator: Andris Brinkmanis. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

ANDORRA

Inner Landscapes

Roqué, Joan Xandri

Commissioner: Henry Périer. Deputy Commissioner: Joana Baygual, Sebastià Petit, Francesc Rodríguez

Curator: Paolo de Grandis, Josep M. Ubach. Venue: Spiazzi, Castello 3865

ANGOLA

On Ways of Travelling

António Ole, Binelde Hyrcan, Délio Jasse, Francisco Vidal, Nelo Teixeira

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Rita Guedes Tavares. Curator: António Ole. Deputy Curator: Antonia Gaeta. Venue: Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello - Palazzo Pisani, San Marco 2810

ARGENTINA

The Uprising of Form

Juan Carlos Diste´fano

Commissioner: Magdalena Faillace. Curator: Mari´a Teresa Constantin. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

ARMENIA, Republic of

Armenity / Haiyutioun

Haig Aivazian, Lebanon; Nigol Bezjian, Syria/USA; Anna Boghiguian Egypt/Canada; Hera Büyüktasçiyan, Turkey; Silvina Der-Meguerditchian, Argentina/Germany; Rene Gabri & Ayreen Anastas, Iran/Palestine/USA; Mekhitar Garabedian, Belgium; Aikaterini Gegisian, Greece; Yervant Gianikian & Angela Ricci Lucchi, Italy; Aram Jibilian, USA; Nina Katchadourian, USA/Finland; Melik Ohanian, France; Mikayel Ohanjanyan, Armenia/Italy; Rosana Palazyan, Brazil; Sarkis, Turkey/France; Hrair Sarkissian, Syria/UK

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Armenia. Deputy Commissioner: Art for the World, Mekhitarist Congregation of San Lazzaro Island, Embassy of the Republic of Armenia in Italy, Vartan Karapetian. Curator: Adelina Cüberyan von Fürstenberg. Venue: Monastery and Island of San Lazzaro degli Armeni

AUSTRALIA

Fiona Hall: Wrong Way Time

Fiona Hall

Commissioner: Simon Mordant AM. Deputy Commissioner: Charles Green. Curator: Linda Michael. Scientific Committee: Simon Mordant AM, Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev, Max Delany, Rachel Kent, Danie Mellor, Suhanya Raffel, Leigh Robb. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

AUSTRIA

Heimo Zobernig

Commissioner: Yilmaz Dziewior. Curator: Yilmaz Dziewior. Scientific Committee: Friends of the Venice Biennale. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

AZERBAIJAN, Republic of

Beyond the Line

Ashraf Murad, Javad Mirjavadov, Tofik Javadov, Rasim Babayev, Fazil Najafov, Huseyn Hagverdi, Shamil Najafzada

Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: de Pury de Pury, Emin Mammadov. Venue: Palazzo Lezze, Campo S.Stefano, San Marco 2949

Vita Vitale

Edward Burtynsky, Mircea Cantor, Loris Cecchini, Gordon Cheung, Khalil Chishtee, Tony Cragg, Laura Ford, Noemie Goudal, Siobhán Hapaska, Paul Huxley, IDEA laboratory and Leyla Aliyeva, Chris Jordan with Rebecca Clark and Helena S.Eitel, Tania Kovats, Aida Mahmudova, Sayyora Muin, Jacco Olivier, Julian Opie, Julian Perry, Mike Perry, Bas Princen, Stephanie Quayle, Ugo Rondinone, Graham Stevens, Diana Thater, Andy Warhol, Bill Woodrow, Erwin Wurm, Rose Wylie

Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: Artwise: Susie Allen, Laura Culpan, Dea Vanagan. Venue: Ca’ Garzoni, San Marco 3416

BELARUS, Republic of

War Witness Archive

Konstantin Selikhanov

Commissioner: Natallia Sharanhovich. Deputy Commissioners: Alena Vasileuskaya, Kamilia Yanushkevich. Curators: Aleksei Shinkarenko, Olga Rybchinskaya. Scientific Committee: Dmitry Korol, Daria Amelkovich, Julia Kondratyuk, Sergei Jeihala, Sheena Macfarlane, Yuliya Heisik, Hanna Samarskaya, Taras Kaliahin, Aliaksandr Stasevich. Venue: Riva San Biagio, Castello 2145

BELGIUM

Personnes et les autres

Vincent Meessen and Guests, Mathieu K. Abonnenc, Sammy Baloji, James Beckett, Elisabetta Benassi, Patrick Bernier & Olive Martin, Tamar Guimara~es & Kasper Akhøj, Maryam Jafri, Adam Pendleton

Commissioner: Wallonia-Brussels Federation and Wallonia-Brussels International. Curator: Katerina Gregos. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

COSTA RICA

"Costa Rica, Paese di pace, invita a un linguaggio universale d'intesa tra i popoli".

Andrea Prandi, Beatrice Gallori, Beth Parin, Biagio Schembari, Carla Castaldo, Celestina Avanzini, Cesare Berlingeri, Erminio Tansini, Fabio Capitanio, Fausto Beretti, Giovan Battista Pedrazzini, Giovanni Lamberti, Giovanni Tenga, Iana Zanoskar, Jim Prescott, Leonardo Beccegato, Liliana Scocco, Lucia Bolzano, Marcela Vicuna, Marco Bellagamba, Marco Lodola, Maria Gioia dell’Aglio, Mario Bernardinello, Massimo Meucci, Nacha Piattini, Omar Ronda, Renzo Eusebi, Tita Patti, Romina Power, Rubens Fogacci, Silvio di Pietro, Stefano Sichel, Tino Stefanoni, Ufemia Ritz, Ugo Borlenghi, Umberto Mariani, Venere Chillemi, Jacqueline Gallicot Madar, Massimo Onnis, Fedora Spinelli

Commissioner: Ileana Ordonez Chacon. Curator: Gregorio Rossi. Venue: Palazzo Bollani

CROATIA

Studies on Shivering: The Third Degree

Damir Ocko

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marc Bembekoff. Venue: Palazzo Pisani, S. Marina

CUBA

El artista entre la individualidad y el contexto

Lida Abdul, Celia-Yunior, Grethell Rasúa, Giuseppe Stampone, LinYilin, Luis Edgardo Gómez Armenteros, Olga Chernysheva, Susana Pilar Delahante Matienzo

Commissioner: Miria Vicini. Curators: Jorge Fernández Torres, Giacomo Zaza. Venue: San Servolo Island

CYPRUS, Republic of

Two Days After Forever

Christodoulos Panayiotou

Commissioner: Louli Michaelidou. Deputy Commissioner: Angela Skordi. Curator: Omar Kholeif. Deputy Curator: Daniella Rose King. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, Sestiere San Marco 3079

CZECH Republic and SLOVAK Republic

Apotheosis

Jirí David

Commissioner: Adam Budak. Deputy Commissioner: Barbara Holomkova. Curator: Katarina Rusnakova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ECUADOR

Gold Water: Apocalyptic Black Mirrors

Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla in collaboration with Lucia Vallarino Peet

Commissioner: Andrea Gonzàlez Sanchez. Deputy Commissioner: PDG Arte Communications. Curator: Ileana Cornea. Deputy Curator: Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla. Venue: Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello 3701

ESTONIA

NSFW. From the Abyss of History

Jaanus Samma

Commissioner: Maria Arusoo. Curator: Eugenio Viola. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, campo San Samuele, San Marco 3199

EGYPT

CAN YOU SEE

Ahmed Abdel Fatah, Gamal Elkheshen, Maher Dawoud

Commissioner: Hany Al Ashkar. Curator: Ministry of Culture. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

FINLAND (Pavilion Alvar Aalto)

Hours, Years, Aeons

IC-98

Commissioner: Frame Visual Art Finland, Raija Koli. Curator: Taru Elfving. Deputy Curator: Anna Virtanen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

FRANCE

revolutions

Céleste Boursier-Mougenot

Commissioner: Institut français, with Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication. Curator: Emma Lavigne. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GEORGIA

Crawling Border

Rusudan Gobejishvili Khizanishvili, Irakli Bluishvili, Dimitri Chikvaidze, Joseph Sabia

Commissioner: Ana Riaboshenko. Curator: Nia Mgaloblishvili. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

GERMANY

Fabrik

Jasmina Metwaly / Philip Rizk, Olaf Nicolai, Hito Steyerl, Tobias Zielony

Commissioner: ifa (Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen) on behalf of the Federal Foreign Office. Deputy Commissioner: Elke aus dem Moore, Nina Hülsmeier. Curator: Florian Ebner. Deputy Curator: Tanja Milewsky, Ilina Koralova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GREAT BRITAIN

Sarah Lucas

Commissioner: Emma Dexter. Curator: Richard Riley. Deputy Curator: Katrina Schwarz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

GRENADA *

Present Nearness

Oliver Benoit, Maria McClafferty, Asher Mains, Francesco Bosso and Carmine Ciccarini, Guiseppe Linardi

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: Susan Mains. Curator: Susan Mains. Deputy Curator: Francesco Elisei. Venue: Opera don Orione Artigianelli, Sala Tiziano, Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Gesuati, Dorsoduro 919

GREECE

Why Look at Animals? AGRIMIKÁ.

Maria Papadimitriou

Commissioner: Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Education and Religious Affairs. Curator: Gabi Scardi. Deputy Curator: Alexios Papazacharias. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

BRAZIL

So much that it doesn't fit here

Antonio Manuel, André Komatsu, Berna Reale

Commissioner: Luis Terepins. Curator: Luiz Camillo Osorio. Deputy Curator: Cauê Alves. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

CANADA

Canadassimo

BGL

Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Marc Mayer. Deputy Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Yves Théoret. Curator: Marie Fraser. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

CHILE

Poéticas de la disidencia | Poetics of dissent: Paz Errázuriz - Lotty Rosenfeld

Paz Errázuriz, Lotty Rosenfeld

Commissioner: Antonio Arèvalo. Deputy Commissioner: Juan Pablo Vergara Undurraga. Curator: Nelly Richard. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

CHINA, People’s Republic of

Other Future

LIU Jiakun, LU Yang, TAN Dun, WEN Hui/Living Dance Studio, WU Wenguang/Caochangdi Work Station

Commissioner: China Arts and Entertainment Group, CAEG. Deputy Commissioners: Zhang Yu, Yan Dong. Curator: Beijing Contemporary Art Foundation. Scientific Committee: Fan Di’an, Zhang Zikang, Zhu Di, Gao Shiming, Zhu Qingsheng, Pu Tong, Shang Hui. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Giardino delle Vergini

GUATEMALA

Sweet Death

Emma Anticoli Borza, Sabrina Bertolelli, Mariadolores Castellanos, Max Leiva, Pier Domenico Magri, Adriana Montalto, Elmar Rojas (Elmar René Rojas Azurdia), Paolo Schmidlin, Mónica Serra, Elsie Wunderlich, Collettivo La Grande Bouffe

Commissioner: Daniele Radini Tedeschi. Curators: Stefania Pieralice, Carlo Marraffa, Elsie Wunderlich. Deputy Curators: Luciano Carini, Simone Pieralice. Venue: Officina delle Zattere, Dorsoduro 947, Fondamenta Nani

HOLY SEE

Commissioner: Em.mo Card. Gianfranco Ravasi, Presidente del Pontificio Consiglio della Cultura. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

HUNGARY

Sustainable Identities

Szilárd Cseke

Commissioner: Monika Balatoni. Deputy Commissioner: István Puskás, Sándor Fodor, Anna Karády. Curator: Kinga German. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ICELAND

Christoph Büchel

Commissioner: Björg Stefánsdóttir. Curator: Nína Magnúsdóttir. Venue: to be confirmed

INDONESIA, Republic of

Komodo Voyage

Heri Dono

Commissioner: Sapta Nirwandar. Deputy Commissioner: Soedarmadji JH Damais. Curator: Carla Bianpoen, Restu Imansari Kusumaningrum. Scientific Committee: Franco Laera, Asmudjo Jono Irianto, Watie Moerany, Elisabetta di Mambro. Venue: Venue: Arsenale

IRAN

Iranian Highlights

Samira Alikhanzaradeh, Mahmoud Bakhshi Moakhar, Jamshid Bayrami, Mohammed Ehsai

The Great Game

Lida Abdul, Bani Abidi, Adel Abidin, Amin Agheai, Ghodratollah Agheli, Shahriar Ahmadi, Parastou Ahovan, Farhad Ahrarnia, Rashad Alakbarov, Nazgol Ansarinia, Reza Aramesh, Alireza Astaneh, Sonia Balassanian, Mahmoud Bakhshi, Moakhar Wafaa Bilal, Mehdi Farhadian, Monir Farmanfarmaian, Shadi Ghadirian, Babak Golkar, Shilpa Gupta, Ghasem Hajizadeh, Shamsia Hassani, Sahand Hesamiyan, Sitara Ibrahimova, Pouran Jinchi, Amar Kanwar, Babak Kazemi, Ryas Komu, Ahmad Morshedloo, Farhad Moshiri, Mehrdad Mohebali, Huma Mulji, Azad Nanakeli, Jamal Penjweny, Imran Qureshi, Sara Rahbar, Rashid Rana, T.V. Santhosh, Walid Siti, Mohsen Taasha Wahidi, Mitra Tabrizian, Parviz Tanavoli, Newsha Tavakolian, Sadegh Tirafkan, Hema Upadhyay, Saira Wasim

Commissioner: Majid Mollanooruzi. Deputy Commissioners: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Curators: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Venue: Calle San Giovanni 1074/B, Cannaregio

IRAQ

Commissioner: Ruya Foundation for Contemporary Culture in Iraq (RUYA). Deputy Commissioner: Nuova Icona - Associazione Culturale per le Arti. Curator: Philippe Van Cauteren. Venue: Ca' Dandolo, San Polo 2879

IRELAND

Adventure: Capital

Sean Lynch

Commissioner: Mike Fitzpatrick. Curator: Woodrow Kernohan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

ISRAEL

Tsibi Geva | Archeology of the Present

Tsibi Geva

Commissioner: Arad Turgem, Michael Gov. Curator: Hadas Maor. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ITALY

Ministero dei Beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo - Direzione Generale Arte e Architettura Contemporanee e Periferie Urbane. Commissioner: Federica Galloni. Curator: Vincenzo Trione. Venue: Padiglione Italia, Tese delle Vergini at Arsenale

JAPAN

The Key in the Hand

Chiharu Shiota

Commissioner: The Japan Foundation. Deputy Commissioner: Yukihiro Ohira, Manako Kawata and Haruka Nakajima. Curator: Hitoshi Nakano. Venue : Pavilion at Giardini

KENYA

Creating Identities

Yvonne Apiyo Braendle-Amolo, Qin Feng, Shi Jinsong, Armando Tanzini, Li Zhanyang, Lan Zheng Hui, Li Gang, Double Fly Art Center

Commissioner: Paola Poponi. Curator: Sandro Orlandi Stagl. Deputy Curator: Ding Xuefeng. Venue: San Servolo Island

KOREA, Republic of

The Ways of Folding Space & Flying

MOON Kyungwon & JEON Joonho

Commissioner: Sook-Kyung Lee. Curator: Sook-Kyung Lee. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

KOSOVO, Republic of

Speculating on the blue

Flaka Haliti

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports. Curator: Nicolaus Schafhausen. Deputy Curator: Katharina Schendl. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

LATVIA

Armpit

Katrina Neiburga, Andris Eglitis

Commissioner: Solvita Krese (Latvian Centre for Contemporary Art). Deputy Commissioner: Kitija Vasiljeva. Curator: Kaspars Vanags. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

LITHUANIA

Museum

Dainius Liškevicius

Commissioner: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Deputy Commissioner: Rasa Antanaviciute. Curator: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Venue: Palazzo Zenobio, Fondamenta del Soccorso 2569, Dorsoduro

LUXEMBOURG, Grand Duchy of

Paradiso Lussemburgo

Filip Markiewicz

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: MUDAM Luxembourg. Curator: Paul Ardenne. Venue: Cà Del Duca, Corte del Duca Sforza, San Marco 3052

MACEDONIA, Former Yugoslavian Republic of

We are all in this alone

Hristina Ivanoska and Yane Calovski

Commissioner: Maja Nedelkoska Brzanova, National Gallery of Macedonia. Deputy Commissioner: Olivija Stoilkova. Curator: Basak Senova. Deputy Curator: Maja Cankulovska Mihajlovska. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Sale d’Armi

MAURITIUS *

From One Citizen You Gather an Idea

Sultana Haukim, Nirmal Hurry, Alix Le Juge, Olga Jürgenson, Helge Leiberg, Krishna Luchoomun, Neermala Luckeenarain, Kavinash Thomoo, Bik Van Der Pol, Laure Prouvost, Vitaly Pushnitsky, Römer + Römer

Commissioner: pARTage. Curators: Alfredo Cramerotti, Olga Jürgenson. Venue: Palazzo Flangini - Canareggio 252

MEXICO

Possesing Nature

Tania Candiani, Luis Felipe Ortega

Commissioner: Tomaso Radaelli. Deputy Commissioner: Magdalena Zavala Bonachea. Curator: Karla Jasso. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

MONGOLIA *

Other Home

Enkhbold Togmidshiirev, Unen Enkh

Commissioner: Gantuya Badamgarav, MCASA. Curator: Uranchimeg Tsultemin. Scientific Committee: David A Ross, Boldbaatar Chultemin. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

MONTENEGRO

,,Ti ricordi Sjecaš li se You Remember "

Aleksandar Duravcevic

Commissioner/Curator: Anastazija Miranovic. Deputy Commissioner: Danica Bogojevic. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero (piano terra), San Marco 3078-3079/A, Ramo Malipiero

MOZAMBIQUE, Republic of *

Theme: Coexistence of Tradition and Modernity in Contemporary Mozambique

Mozambique Artists

Commissioner: Joel Matias Libombo. Deputy Commissioner: Gilberto Paulino Cossa. Curator: Comissariado-Geral para a Expo Milano 2015. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

NETHERLANDS, The

herman de vries - to be all ways to be

herman de vries

Commissioner: Mondriaan Fund. Curators: Colin Huizing, Cees de Boer. Venue: Pavilion ar Giardini

NEW ZEALAND

Secret Power

Simon Denny

Commissioner: Heather Galbraith. Curator: Robert Leonard. Venue: Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Marco Polo Airport

NORDIC PAVILION (NORWAY)

Camille Norment

Commissioner: OCA, Office for Contemporary Art Norway. Curator: Katya García-Antón. Deputy Curator: Antonio Cataldo. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

PERU

Misplaced Ruins

Gilda Mantilla and Raimond Chaves

Commissioner: Armando Andrade de Lucio. Curator: Max Hernández-Calvo. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

PHILIPPINES

Tie a String Around the World

Manuel Conde, Carlos Francisco, Manny Montelibano, Jose Tence Ruiz

Commissioner: National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), Felipe M. de Leon Jr. Curator: Patrick D. Flores. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

POLAND

Halka/Haiti. 18°48’05”N 72°23’01”W

C.T. Jasper, Joanna Malinowska

Commissioner: Hanna Wróblewska. Deputy Commissioner: Joanna Wasko. Curator: Magdalena Moskalewicz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

PORTUGAL

I Will Be Your Mirror / poems and problems

João Louro

Commissioner/Curator: María de Corral. Venue: Palazzo Loredan, campo S. Stefano

ROMANIA

Adrian Ghenie: Darwin’s Room

Adrian Ghenie

Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Mihai Pop. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

Inventing the Truth. On Fiction and Reality

Michele Bressan, Carmen Dobre-Hametner, Alex Mirutziu, Lea Rasovszky, Stefan Sava, Larisa Sitar

Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Diana Marincu. Deputy Curators: Ephemair Association (Suzana Dan and Silvia Rogozea). Venue: New Gallery of the Romanian Institute for Culture and Humanistic Research in Venice

RUSSIA

The Green Pavilion

Irina Nakhova

Commissioner: Stella Kesaeva. Curator: Margarita Tupitsyn. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SERBIA

United Dead Nations

Ivan Grubanov

Commissioner: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Commissioner: Ana Bogdanovic. Curator: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Curator: Ana Bogdanovic. Scientific Committee: Jovan Despotovic. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SAN MARINO

Repubblica di San Marino “ Friendship Project “ China

Xu De Qi, Liu Dawei, Liu Ruo Wang, Ma Yuan, Li Lei, Zhang Hong Mei, Eleonora Mazza, Giuliano Giulianelli, Giancarlo Frisoni, Tony Margiotta, Elisa Monaldi, Valentina Pazzini

Commissioner: Istituti Culturali della Repubblica di San Marino. Curator: Vincenzo Sanfo. Venue: TBC

SEYCHELLES, Republic of *

A Clockwork Sunset

George Camille, Léon Wilma Loïs Radegonde

Commissioner: Seychelles Art Projects Foundation. Curators: Sarah J. McDonald, Victor Schaub Wong. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora

SINGAPORE

Sea State

Charles Lim Yi Yong

Commissioner: Paul Tan, National Arts Council, Singapore. Curator: Shabbir Hussain Mustafa. Scientific Committee: Eugene Tan, Kathy Lai, Ahmad Bin Mashadi, June Yap, Emi Eu, Susie Lingham, Charles Merewether, Randy Chan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

SLOVENIA, Republic of

UTTER / The violent necessity for the embodied presence of hope

JAŠA

Commissioner: Simona Vidmar. Deputy Commissioner: Jure Kirbiš. Curators: Michele Drascek and Aurora Fonda. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie

SPAIN

Los Sujetos (The Subjects)

Pepo Salazar, Cabello/Carceller, Francesc Ruiz, + Salvador Dalí

Commissioner: Ministerio Asuntos Exteriores. Gobierno de España. Curator: Marti Manen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC

Origini della civiltà

Narine Ali, Ehsan Alar, Felipe Cardeña, Fouad Dahdouh, Aldo Damioli, Svitlana Grebenyuk, Mauro Reggio, Liu Shuishi, Nass ouh Zaghlouleh, Andrea Zucchi, Helidon Xhixha

Commissioner: Christian Maretti. Curator: Duccio Trombadori. Venue: Redentore – Giudecca, San Servolo Island

SWEDEN

Excavation of the Image: Imprint, Shadow, Spectre, Thought

Lina Selander

Commissioner: Ann-Sofi Noring. Curator: Lena Essling. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

SWITZERLAND

Our Product

Pamela Rosenkranz

Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Sandi Paucic and Marianne Burki. Deputy-Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Rachele Giudici Legittimo. Curator: Susanne Pfeffer. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

THAILAND

Earth, Air, Fire & Water

Kamol Tassananchalee

Commissioner: Chai Nakhonchai, Office of Contemporary Art and Culture (OCAC), Ministry of Culture. Curator: Richard David Garst. Deputy Curator: Pongdej Chaiyakut. Venue: Paradiso Gallerie, Giardini della Biennale, Castello 1260

TURKEY

Respiro

Sarkis

Commissioner: Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts. Curator: Defne Ayas. Deputy Curator: Ozge Ersoy. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi

TUVALU

Crossing the Tide

Vincent J.F. Huang

Commissioner: Taukelina Finikaso. Deputy Commissioner: Temate Melitiana. Curator: Thomas J. Berghuis. Scientific Committee: Andrea Bonifacio. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

UKRAINE

Hope!

Yevgenia Belorusets, Nikita Kadan, Zhanna Kadyrova, Mykola Ridnyi & SerhiyZhadan, Anna Zvyagintseva, Open Group, Artem Volokitin

Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Björn Geldhof. Venue: Riva dei Sette Martiri

UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

1980 – Today: Exhibitions in the United Arab Emirates

Abdullah Al Saadi, Abdul Qader Al Rais, Abdulraheem Salim, Abdulrahman Zainal, Ahmed Al Ansari, Ahmed Sharif, Hassan Sharif, Mohamed Yousif, Mohammed Abdullah Bulhiah, Mohammed Al Qassab, Mohammed Kazem, Moosa Al Halyan, Najat Meky, Obaid Suroor, Salem Jawhar

Commissioner: Salama bint Hamdan Al Nahyan Foundation. Curator: Hoor Al Qasimi. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d'Armi

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Joan Jonas: They Come to Us Without a Word

Joan Jonas

Commissioner: Paul C. Ha. Deputy Commissioner: MIT List Visual Arts Center. Curators: Ute Meta Bauer, Paul C. Ha. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

URUGUAY

Global Myopia II (Pencil & Paper)

Marco Maggi

Commissioner: Ricardo Pascale. Curator: Patricia Bentancour. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

VENEZUELA, Bolivarian Republic of

Te doy mi palabra (I give you my word)

Argelia Bravo, Félix Molina (Flix)

Commissioner: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Commissioner: Reinaldo Landaeta Díaz. Curator: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Curator: Morella Jurado. Scientific Committee: Carlos Pou Ruan. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini

ZIMBABWE, Republic of

Pixels of Ubuntu/Unhu: - Exploring the social and cultural identities of the 21st century.

Chikonzero Chazunguza, Masimba Hwati, Gareth Nyandoro

Commissioner: Doreen Sibanda. Curator: Raphael Chikukwa. Deputy Curator: Tafadzwa Gwetai. Scientific Committee: Saki Mafundikwa, Biggie Samwanda, Fabian Kangai, Reverend Paul Damasane, Nontsikelelo Mutiti, Stephen Garan'anga, Dominic Benhura. Venue: Santa Maria della Pieta

ITALO-LATIN AMERICAN INSTITUTE

Voces Indígenas

Commissioner: Sylvia Irrazábal. Curator: Alfons Hug. Deputy Curator: Alberto Saraiva. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale

ARGENTINA

Sofia Medici and Laura Kalauz

PLURINATIONAL STATE OF BOLIVIA

Sonia Falcone and José Laura Yapita

BRAZIL

Adriana Barreto

Paulo Nazareth

CHILE

Rainer Krause

COLOMBIA

León David Cobo,

María Cristina Rincón and Claudia Rodríguez

COSTA RICA

Priscilla Monge

ECUADOR

Fabiano Kueva

EL SALVADOR

Mauricio Kabistan

GUATEMALA

Sandra Monterroso

HAITI

Barbara Prézeau Stephenson

HONDURAS

Leonardo González

PANAMA

Humberto Vélez

NICARAGUA

Raúl Quintanilla

PARAGUAY

Erika Meza

Javier López

PERU

José Huamán Turpo

URUGUAY

Gustavo Tabares

Ellen Slegers

001 Inverso Mundus. AES+F

Magazzino del Sale n. 5, Dorsoduro, 265 (Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Saloni); Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 31st

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

Catalonia in Venice: Singularity

Cantieri Navali, Castello, 40 (Calle Quintavalle)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Institut Ramon Llull

venezia2015.llull.cat

Conversion. Recycle Group

Chiesa di Sant’Antonin, Castello (Campo Sant’Antonin)

May 6th - October 31st

Organization: Moscow Museum of Modern Art

Dansaekhwa

Palazzo Contarini-Polignac, Dorsoduro, 874 (Accademia)

May 7th – August 15th

Organization: The Boghossian Foundation

Dispossession

Palazzo Donà Brusa, Campo San Polo, 2177

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: European Capital of Culture Wroclaw 2016

wroclaw2016.pl/biennale/

EM15 presents Doug Fishbone’s Leisure Land Golf

Arsenale Docks, Castello, 40A, 40B, 41C

May 6th - July 26th

Organization: EM15

Eredità e Sperimentazione

Grand Hotel Hungaria & Ausonia, Viale Santa Maria Elisabetta, 28, Lido di Venezia

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Istituto Nazionale di BioArchitettura - Sezione di Padova

Frontiers Reimagined

Palazzo Grimani, Castello, 4858 (Ramo Grimani)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Tagore Foundation International; Polo museale del Veneto

Glasstress 2015 Gotika

Istituto Veneto di Scienze Lettere ed Arti, Palazzo Cavalli Franchetti, San Marco, 2847 (Campo Santo Stefano); Chiesa di Santa Maria della Visitazione, Centro Culturale Don Orione Artigianelli, Dorsoduro, 919 (Zattere); Fondazione Berengo, Campiello della Pescheria, 15, Murano;

May 9th — November 22nd

Organization: The State Hermitage Museum

Graham Fagen: Scotland + Venice 2015

Palazzo Fontana, Cannaregio, 3829 (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Scotland + Venice

Grisha Bruskin. An Archaeologist’s Collection

Former Chiesa di Santa Caterina, Cannaregio, 4941-4942

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Centro Studi sulle Arti della Russia (CSAR), Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia

Helen Sear, ... The Rest Is Smoke

Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Castello, 450 (Fondamenta San Gioacchin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Cymru yn Fenis/Wales in Venice

Highway to Hell

Palazzo Michiel, Cannaregio, 4391/A (Strada Nova)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Hubei Museum of Art

Humanistic Nature and Society (Shan-Shui) – An Insight into the Future

Palazzo Faccanon, San Marco, 5016 (Mercerie)

May 7th – August 4th

Organization: Shanghai Himalayas Museum

In the Eye of the Thunderstorm: Effervescent Practices from the Arab World & South Asia

Dorsoduro, 417 (Zattere)

May 6th - November 15th

Organization: ArsCulture

Italia Docet | Laboratorium- Artists, Participants, Testimonials and Activated Spectators

Palazzo Barbarigo Minotto, San Marco, 2504 (Fondamenta Duodo o Barbarigo)

May 9th – June 30th; September 11st – October 31st

Organization: Italian Art Motherboard Foundation (i-AM Foundation)

Jaume Plensa: Together

Basilica di San Giorgio Maggiore, Isola di San Giorgio Maggiore

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: Abbazia di San Giorgio Maggiore Benedicti Claustra Onlus

Jenny Holzer "War Paintings"

Museo Correr, San Marco, 52 (Piazza San Marco)

May 6th – November 22nd

Organization: The Written Art Foundation; Museo Correr, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia

correr.visitmuve.it

Jump into the Unknown

Palazzo Loredan dell’Ambasciatore, Dorsoduro, 1261-1262

May 9th – June 18th

Organization: Nine Dragon Heads

9dh-venice.com

Learn from Masters

Palazzo Bembo, San Marco, 4793 (Riva del Carbon)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Pan Tianshou Foundation

pantianshou.caa.edu.cn/foundation_en

My East is Your West

Palazzo Benzon, San Marco, 3927

May 6th – October 31st

Organization: The Gujral Foundation

Ornamentalism. The Purvitis Prize

Arsenale Nord, Tesa 99

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Secretariat of the Latvian Presidency of the Council of the European Union in 2015

Path and Adventure

Arsenale, Castello, 2126/A (Campo della Tana)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: The Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau; The Macao Museum of Art; The Cultural Affairs Bureau

curatorialprojects.brooklynrail.org

Patricia Cronin: Shrine for Girls, Venice

Chiesa di San Gallo, San Marco, 1103 (Campo San Gallo)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Brooklyn Rail Curatorial Projects

Roberto Sebastian Matta. Sculture

Giardino di Palazzo Soranzo Cappello, Soprintendenza BAP per le Province di Venezia, Belluno, Padova e Treviso, Santa Croce, 770 (Fondamenta Rio Marin)

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Echaurren Salaris

Salon Suisse: S.O.S. Dada - The World Is A Mess

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

May 9th; June 4th - 6th; September 10th - 12th; October 15th - 17th; November 19th – 21st

Organization: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia

Sean Scully: Land Sea

Palazzo Falier, San Marco, 2906

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Fondazione Volume!

Sepphoris. Alessandro Valeri

Molino Stucky, interior atrium, Giudecca, 812

May 9th – November 22nd

Organization: Assessorato alla Cultura del Comune di Narni(TR); a Sidereal Space of Art; Satellite Berlin

Tesla Revisited

Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960

May 9th – October 18th

Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum

The Bridges of Graffiti

Arterminal c/o Terminal San Basilio, Dorsoduro (Fondamenta Zattere al Ponte Lungo)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Associazione Culturale Inossidabile

The Dialogue of Fire. Ceramic and Glass Masters from Barcelona to Venice

Palazzo Tiepolo Passi, San Polo, 2774

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization: Fundaciò Artigas; ArsCulture

The Question of Beings

Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello, 3701

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Museum of Contemporary Art, Taipei (MoCA, Taipei)

The Revenge of the Common Place

Università Ca' Foscari, Ca' Bernardo, Dorsoduro, 3199 (Calle Bernardo)

May 9th – September 30th

Organization: Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University Brussels-VUB)

The Silver Lining. Contemporary Art from Liechtenstein and other Microstates

Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)

October 24th – November 1st

Organization: Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein

The Sound of Creation. Paintings + Music by Beezy Bailey and Brian Eno

Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello, Palazzo Pisani, San Marco, 2810 (Campo Santo Stefano)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: ArsCulture

The Union of Fire and Water

Palazzo Barbaro, San Marco, 2840

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: YARAT Contemporary Art Organisation

Thirty Light Years - Theatre of Chinese Art

Palazzo Rossini, San Marco, 4013 (Campo Manin)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: GAC Global Art Center Foundation; The Guangdong Museum of Art

Tsang Kin-Wah: The Infinite Nothing, Hong Kong in Venice

Arsenale, Castello, 2126 (Campo della Tana)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: M+, West Kowloon Cultural District; Hong Kong Arts Development Council

Under the Surface, Newfoundland and Labrador at Venice

Galleria Ca' Rezzonico, Dorsoduro, 2793

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Terra Nova Art Foundation

tnaf.ca

Ursula von Rydingsvard

Giardino della Marinaressa, Castello (Riva dei Sette Martiri)

May 6th - November 22nd

Organization:Yorkshire Sculpture Park

We Must Risk Delight: Twenty Artists from Los Angeles

Magazzino del Sale n. 3, Dorsoduro, 264 (Zattere)

May 7th - November 22nd

Organization: bardoLA

Wu Tien-Chang: Never Say Goodbye

Palazzo delle Prigioni, Castello, 4209 (San Marco)

May 9th - November 22nd

Organization: Taipei Fine Arts Museum of Taiwan