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Books are the legacies that a great genius leaves to mankind, which are delivered from generation to generation, as presents to the postrity of those who are yet unborn.
-------------- Joseph Addison
(The American Theosophist - April 1971 - p. 88)
A Haiku Note:
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Some Buddhism books
check Amazon for reviews
then the library
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Buddhism has no creator god and gives a central role to the doctrine of karma. The ‘four noble truths’ of Buddhism state that all existence is suffering, that the cause of suffering is desire, that freedom from suffering is nirvana, and that this is attained through the ‘eightfold’ path of ethical conduct, wisdom, and mental discipline (including meditation). There are two major traditions, Theravada and Mahayana.
(Apple Dictionary App)
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The Noble Eightfold Path describes the way to the end of suffering, as it was laid out by Siddhartha Gautama. It is a practical guideline to ethical and mental development with the goal of freeing the individual from attachments and delusions; and it finally leads to understanding the truth about all things. Together with the Four Noble Truths it constitutes the gist of Buddhism. Great emphasis is put on the practical aspect, because it is only through practice that one can attain a higher level of existence and finally reach Nirvana. The eight aspects of the path are not to be understood as a sequence of single steps, instead they are highly interdependent principles that have to be seen in relationship with each other.
1. Right View
Right view is the beginning and the end of the path, it simply means to see and to understand things as they really are and to realise the Four Noble Truths. As such, right view is the cognitive aspect of wisdom. It means to see things through, to grasp the impermanent and imperfect nature of worldly objects and ideas, and to understand the law of karma and karmic conditioning. Right view is not necessarily an intellectual capacity, just as wisdom is not just a matter of intelligence. Instead, right view is attained, sustained, and enhanced through all capacities of mind. It begins with the intuitive insight that all beings are subject to suffering and it ends with complete understanding of the true nature of all things. Since our view of the world forms our thoughts and our actions, right view yields right thoughts and right actions.
2. Right Intention
While right view refers to the cognitive aspect of wisdom, right intention refers to the volitional aspect, i.e. the kind of mental energy that controls our actions. Right intention can be described best as commitment to ethical and mental self-improvement. Buddha distinguishes three types of right intentions: 1. the intention of renunciation, which means resistance to the pull of desire, 2. the intention of good will, meaning resistance to feelings of anger and aversion, and 3. the intention of harmlessness, meaning not to think or act cruelly, violently, or aggressively, and to develop compassion.
3. Right Speech
Right speech is the first principle of ethical conduct in the eightfold path. Ethical conduct is viewed as a guideline to moral discipline, which supports the other principles of the path. This aspect is not self-sufficient, however, essential, because mental purification can only be achieved through the cultivation of ethical conduct. The importance of speech in the context of Buddhist ethics is obvious: words can break or save lives, make enemies or friends, start war or create peace. Buddha explained right speech as follows: 1. to abstain from false speech, especially not to tell deliberate lies and not to speak deceitfully, 2. to abstain from slanderous speech and not to use words maliciously against others, 3. to abstain from harsh words that offend or hurt others, and 4. to abstain from idle chatter that lacks purpose or depth. Positively phrased, this means to tell the truth, to speak friendly, warm, and gently and to talk only when necessary.
4. Right Action
The second ethical principle, right action, involves the body as natural means of expression, as it refers to deeds that involve bodily actions. Unwholesome actions lead to unsound states of mind, while wholesome actions lead to sound states of mind. Again, the principle is explained in terms of abstinence: right action means 1. to abstain from harming sentient beings, especially to abstain from taking life (including suicide) and doing harm intentionally or delinquently, 2. to abstain from taking what is not given, which includes stealing, robbery, fraud, deceitfulness, and dishonesty, and 3. to abstain from sexual misconduct. Positively formulated, right action means to act kindly and compassionately, to be honest, to respect the belongings of others, and to keep sexual relationships harmless to others. Further details regarding the concrete meaning of right action can be found in the Precepts.
5. Right Livelihood
Right livelihood means that one should earn one's living in a righteous way and that wealth should be gained legally and peacefully. The Buddha mentions four specific activities that harm other beings and that one should avoid for this reason: 1. dealing in weapons, 2. dealing in living beings (including raising animals for slaughter as well as slave trade and prostitution), 3. working in meat production and butchery, and 4. selling intoxicants and poisons, such as alcohol and drugs. Furthermore any other occupation that would violate the principles of right speech and right action should be avoided.
6. Right Effort
Right effort can be seen as a prerequisite for the other principles of the path. Without effort, which is in itself an act of will, nothing can be achieved, whereas misguided effort distracts the mind from its task, and confusion will be the consequence. Mental energy is the force behind right effort; it can occur in either wholesome or unwholesome states. The same type of energy that fuels desire, envy, aggression, and violence can on the other side fuel self-discipline, honesty, benevolence, and kindness. Right effort is detailed in four types of endeavours that rank in ascending order of perfection: 1. to prevent the arising of unarisen unwholesome states, 2. to abandon unwholesome states that have already arisen, 3. to arouse wholesome states that have not yet arisen, and 4. to maintain and perfect wholesome states already arisen.
7. Right Mindfulness
Right mindfulness is the controlled and perfected faculty of cognition. It is the mental ability to see things as they are, with clear consciousness. Usually, the cognitive process begins with an impression induced by perception, or by a thought, but then it does not stay with the mere impression. Instead, we almost always conceptualise sense impressions and thoughts immediately. We interpret them and set them in relation to other thoughts and experiences, which naturally go beyond the facticity of the original impression. The mind then posits concepts, joins concepts into constructs, and weaves those constructs into complex interpretative schemes. All this happens only half consciously, and as a result we often see things obscured. Right mindfulness is anchored in clear perception and it penetrates impressions without getting carried away. Right mindfulness enables us to be aware of the process of conceptualisation in a way that we actively observe and control the way our thoughts go. Buddha accounted for this as the four foundations of mindfulness: 1. contemplation of the body, 2. contemplation of feeling (repulsive, attractive, or neutral), 3. contemplation of the state of mind, and 4. contemplation of the phenomena.
8. Right Concentration
The eighth principle of the path, right concentration, refers to the development of a mental force that occurs in natural consciousness, although at a relatively low level of intensity, namely concentration. Concentration in this context is described as one-pointedness of mind, meaning a state where all mental faculties are unified and directed onto one particular object. Right concentration for the purpose of the eightfold path means wholesome concentration, i.e. concentration on wholesome thoughts and actions. The Buddhist method of choice to develop right concentration is through the practice of meditation. The meditating mind focuses on a selected object. It first directs itself onto it, then sustains concentration, and finally intensifies concentration step by step. Through this practice it becomes natural to apply elevated levels of concentration also in everyday situations.
A new addition to the Coachpoint of Aldershot fleet is Scania K360EB6 / Irizar PB C52FT FA12ENG. The coach, new to Guideline of Battersea in 2012, is for a new venture being set up in Stoneleigh, Surrey. 'Epsom Explore' is about to launch a new coach tours operation and will be using this coach for their trips.
Seen in Woking in August 2020, FA12ENG kicked off its new career with some rail replacement work before it receives appropriate fleetnames.
from City Lookout. Mount Isa City covers an area of over 43 310 square kilometres, making it geographically the second largest city in Australia to Kalgoorlie-Boulder WA. With a population of approximately 23 500, Mount Isa is a major service centre for North West Queensland, and a thriving city well equipped to satisfy residential, business and industrial needs. In 1923 lone prospector John Campbell Miles, while travelling on a gold prospecting trip to the Northern Territory, camped by the banks of the Leichhardt River. Sampling a nearby rock outcrop, he realised that it was heavily mineralised. Campbell Miles had stumbled on to one of the world's richest copper, silver, lead and zinc ore bodies. He decided to call his discovery "Mount Isa" after the stories he had heard of the Mount Ida goldfield in Western Australia. Almost 100 years later, the Mount Isa Mine (now owned by Swiss mining giant, Xstrata) is still one of Australia's largest producers of copper ore. The early pioneers of Mount Isa faced many hardships. The lack of water, remoteness, the summer heat, high costs and scarcity of essential items made life extremely difficult.
The ABC reported that a new study has suggested one child develops lead poisoning every nine days in the north-west Queensland mining city of Mount Isa.
Mining giant Xstrata is involved in legal action over high levels of lead in the blood of children in the city.
Dr Mark Taylor from Macquarie University co-authored the report, published today in the Medical Journal of Australia.
He says existing data confirms there is a risk to children's health in Mount Isa and not enough is being done to address the issue.
"There are about 400 children born every year in Mount Isa and about 11 per cent of those children, according to the last blood lead study, have a blood lead level in excess of the current acceptable guideline value," he said.
"When you do all the numbers, it works out it's about every nine days a child will be unnecessarily exposed to lead - a situation that could be prevented."
A Haiku to the Future
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It's never too late;
become what you might have been,
continue to live.
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42/52 : 52 Haiku Group
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The sacred scriptures of Buddhism, called the Three Baskets of Wisdom (Tipitaka), is the most voluminous and complex canonical work of any religion. The first and third Baskets or Pitakas are devoted to an elaborate and detailed description of the rules governing the monastic order, and explanation of how each rule was formulated and diverse commentaries on Buddhist doctrine. But in the second Basket -the Sutta-Pitaka- we find the great collection of Sermons and Discourses attributed to the Buddha, the treasury of The Five-Hundred-and-Fifty Birth-Stories of the Buddha - the famed Jatakas. Here, too, we find the Buddhist book of proverbs called the Dhammapada. Though the rest of the Buddhist scriptures are written partly in verse and partly in prose, the Dhammapada (which means The Path of Virtue or The Way of the Doctrine) is entirely in poetry. It consists of 423 stanzas, each presenting a precept or a principle; and collectively, they contain an abstract of Buddhist ethics. For this reason, Buddhists often recommend the Dhammapada as a starting point for those who wish to gain an understanding of the ethics of their faith.
Joseph Gaer, The Wisdom of the Living Religions, (New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1966), 6.
"Without knowledge there is no meditation; without meditation there is no knowledge. He who has knowledge and meditation is near to Nirvana."
~ The Buddha ~
~ (0001 0110) ~
::::::::::: 16 :::::::::::
=====: 22 :=====
The Noble Eightfold Path describes the way to the end of suffering, as it was laid out by Siddhartha Gautama. It is a practical guideline to ethical and mental development with the goal of freeing the individual from attachments and delusions; and it finally leads to understanding the truth about all things. Together with the Four Noble Truths it constitutes the gist of Buddhism. Great emphasis is put on the practical aspect, because it is only through practice that one can attain a higher level of existence and finally reach Nirvana. The eight aspects of the path are not to be understood as a sequence of single steps, instead they are highly interdependent principles that have to be seen in relationship with each other.
1. Right View
Right view is the beginning and the end of the path, it simply means to see and to understand things as they really are and to realise the Four Noble Truth. As such, right view is the cognitive aspect of wisdom. It means to see things through, to grasp the impermanent and imperfect nature of worldly objects and ideas, and to understand the law of karma and karmic conditioning. Right view is not necessarily an intellectual capacity, just as wisdom is not just a matter of intelligence. Instead, right view is attained, sustained, and enhanced through all capacities of mind. It begins with the intuitive insight that all beings are subject to suffering and it ends with complete understanding of the true nature of all things. Since our view of the world forms our thoughts and our actions, right view yields right thoughts and right actions.
2. Right Intention
While right view refers to the cognitive aspect of wisdom, right intention refers to the volitional aspect, i.e. the kind of mental energy that controls our actions. Right intention can be described best as commitment to ethical and mental self-improvement. Buddha distinguishes three types of right intentions: 1. the intention of renunciation, which means resistance to the pull of desire, 2. the intention of good will, meaning resistance to feelings of anger and aversion, and 3. the intention of harmlessness, meaning not to think or act cruelly, violently, or aggressively, and to develop compassion.
3. Right Speech
Right speech is the first principle of ethical conduct in the eightfold path. Ethical conduct is viewed as a guideline to moral discipline, which supports the other principles of the path. This aspect is not self-sufficient, however, essential, because mental purification can only be achieved through the cultivation of ethical conduct. The importance of speech in the context of Buddhist ethics is obvious: words can break or save lives, make enemies or friends, start war or create peace. Buddha explained right speech as follows: 1. to abstain from false speech, especially not to tell deliberate lies and not to speak deceitfully, 2. to abstain from slanderous speech and not to use words maliciously against others, 3. to abstain from harsh words that offend or hurt others, and 4. to abstain from idle chatter that lacks purpose or depth. Positively phrased, this means to tell the truth, to speak friendly, warm, and gently and to talk only when necessary.
4. Right Action
The second ethical principle, right action, involves the body as natural means of expression, as it refers to deeds that involve bodily actions. Unwholesome actions lead to unsound states of mind, while wholesome actions lead to sound states of mind. Again, the principle is explained in terms of abstinence: right action means 1. to abstain from harming sentient beings, especially to abstain from taking life (including suicide) and doing harm intentionally or delinquently, 2. to abstain from taking what is not given, which includes stealing, robbery, fraud, deceitfulness, and dishonesty, and 3. to abstain from sexual misconduct. Positively formulated, right action means to act kindly and compassionately, to be honest, to respect the belongings of others, and to keep sexual relationships harmless to others. Further details regarding the concrete meaning of right action can be found in the Precepts.
5. Right Livelihood
Right livelihood means that one should earn one's living in a righteous way and that wealth should be gained legally and peacefully. The Buddha mentions four specific activities that harm other beings and that one should avoid for this reason: 1. dealing in weapons, 2. dealing in living beings (including raising animals for slaughter as well as slave trade and prostitution), 3. working in meat production and butchery, and 4. selling intoxicants and poisons, such as alcohol and drugs. Furthermore any other occupation that would violate the principles of right speech and right action should be avoided.
6. Right Effort
Right effort can be seen as a prerequisite for the other principles of the path. Without effort, which is in itself an act of will, nothing can be achieved, whereas misguided effort distracts the mind from its task, and confusion will be the consequence. Mental energy is the force behind right effort; it can occur in either wholesome or unwholesome states. The same type of energy that fuels desire, envy, aggression, and violence can on the other side fuel self-discipline, honesty, benevolence, and kindness. Right effort is detailed in four types of endeavours that rank in ascending order of perfection: 1. to prevent the arising of unarisen unwholesome states, 2. to abandon unwholesome states that have already arisen, 3. to arouse wholesome states that have not yet arisen, and 4. to maintain and perfect wholesome states already arisen.
7. Right Mindfulness
Right mindfulness is the controlled and perfected faculty of cognition. It is the mental ability to see things as they are, with clear consciousness. Usually, the cognitive process begins with an impression induced by perception, or by a thought, but then it does not stay with the mere impression. Instead, we almost always conceptualise sense impressions and thoughts immediately. We interpret them and set them in relation to other thoughts and experiences, which naturally go beyond the facticity of the original impression. The mind then posits concepts, joins concepts into constructs, and weaves those constructs into complex interpretative schemes. All this happens only half consciously, and as a result we often see things obscured. Right mindfulness is anchored in clear perception and it penetrates impressions without getting carried away. Right mindfulness enables us to be aware of the process of conceptualisation in a way that we actively observe and control the way our thoughts go. Buddha accounted for this as the four foundations of mindfulness: 1. contemplation of the body, 2. contemplation of feeling (repulsive, attractive, or neutral), 3. contemplation of the state of mind, and 4. contemplation of the phenomena.
8. Right Concentration
The eighth principle of the path, right concentration, refers to the development of a mental force that occurs in natural consciousness, although at a relatively low level of intensity, namely concentration. Concentration in this context is described as one-pointedness of mind, meaning a state where all mental faculties are unified and directed onto one particular object. Right concentration for the purpose of the eightfold path means wholesome concentration, i.e. concentration on wholesome thoughts and actions. The Buddhist method of choice to develop right concentration is through the practice of meditation. The meditating mind focuses on a selected object. It first directs itself onto it, then sustains concentration, and finally intensifies concentration step by step. Through this practice it becomes natural to apply elevated levels concentration also in everyday situations.
Current Most Interesting Pictures
Antonis Mor (Utrecht, 1512 – Antwerp, before 1576)
Oil on panel
height 90 cm x width 75.5 cm
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Sir Thomas Gresham (1519–1579) was the leading English merchant in Antwerp and also the English king’s financial agent in the Low Countries. He and his wife, Anne Fernely, are expensively, yet soberly dressed. Their status is also evident in their choice of painter: Anthonis Mor was one of the pre-eminent portraitists of his day and court painter to the Spanish king.
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Antonis Mor and the portrait of Thomas Gresham
Michel van de Laar, Margreet Wolters, Arie Wallert, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
Making Art in Tudor Britain
Abstracts from Academic Workshops (2007-8)
Funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council
Restoration and research
The recent restoration of the Portraits of Sir Thomas Gresham and his wife Anne Fernely in the restoration studio of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam gave us not only a beautiful result but also helped us to gain more insight into the technique of Mor. The Rijksmuseum bought these two portraits from the Soviet Union in 1931 where they had been hung in the Hermitage since 1838. The paintings have not been restored in the Rijksmuseum until now. In 2007 yellowed varnish layers and vast and discoloured overpainting was removed, damages retouched and new varnish applied. The underdrawing was identified using infrared reflectography. The painting technique was studied with the naked eye and with a binocular microscope. Cross sections, taken from strategic locations, were grinded and studied with microscopy.
The painter
Mor was born in Utrecht in 1512 and died sometime before 1576 in Antwerp. He was a student of Jan van Scorel and in 1547 became a member of the Antwerp Saint Lucas Guild. He travelled to Italy and then to Spain and Portugal where he became court painter of King Charles V and his son King Philip II. In 1553-54 Mor was in England where he painted a portrait of Queen Mary I. He was also commissioned to paint her husband King Philip II of Spain. In 1559 he returned to Spain and the to the Netherlands in 1561, first to Brussels, then to his hometown Utrecht, finally settling again in Antwerp. Mor was one of the most famous portrait painters of his day and had a great influence on later generations of painters in the Netherlands.
The sitters
In 1564 it was reported that Mor was in Antwerp portraying les Marchantsz, a group of prominent international traders or financiers—likely a mix of Dutch, Flemish, and English merchants—who were active in Antwerp, then a major commercial hub.
One of them was Thomas Gresham (1518-1579), merchant of the English crown in the Netherlands, financier, founder of the Royal Exchange and of Gresham College in London. Gresham, renowned for Gresham's law "Bad money drives out good money" was painted with his wife Lady Anne Fernely (c.1520-1596). Neither of the portraits are signed but the attribution to Mor is not doubted and dates from 1792.
In 1872 the paintings were restored by Alexander Sidorov: this is documented on the back of the portrait of Anne Fernely. In Cyrillic writing it is stated that the painting was transferred from wood to canvas. This explains why on the surface of the painting typical craquelures of a panel painting as well as the knots of a canvas can been seen. Alexander and his two brothers Nicolai and Mikhail were famous for such treatments that must have been carried out to stabilize paintings with flaking paint or curved panels. Between 1860 and 1865 Alexander Sidorov transferred 51 paintings from wood to canvas and relined hundreds of canvas paintings. The condition of Gresham's portrait must have been more stable as this panel was only cradled.
The stripped state of Fernely's portrait (2007) indicates indeed some history of flaking paint but by far not enough to even consider such an intrusive treatment nowadays.
The panels each consist of three planks and are radially cut oak. Most likely in restoration previous to 1872 the paintings had been made smaller. Originally probably the same size, Lady Fernely's portrait is now smaller than her husband's portrait. Three sides of the Gresham portrait have been trimmed, the right side still shows some bevelling but this is not seen on the left side. The left side has possibly been trimmed the most and this correlates with the width of the 3 planks.
With infrared reflectography a cursory underdrawing is visible, executed in a dry material, probably black chalk. In the portrait of Thomas Gresham lines for the face, ear, eyes and nose and cheek are present, they appear to have been placed with care to define the facial features accurately.
The ruff on the collar is indicated with a quickly drawn sinuous line. This shows strong resemblance to the way Joachim Beuckelaer prepared such motifs. Van Mander mentions that Beuckelaer painted clothing for Mor.
Although Bruyn in his Oud Holland article (113 (1999), 107-136, pp. 125-126) argues that this concerns Joachim's brother Huybrecht, it indicates that comparable conventions existed in Antwerp workshops.
In Gresham's black clothing no underdrawing could be detected. The lighter parts of the painting, such as the chair and hands, show quickly drawn lines that merely indicate the forms. Only a little hatching was used to prepare for the light/dark modelling: this can be seen for instance on the forehead and the knuckles of the hand.
Lady Fernely's portrait shows slightly less underdrawing and few lines are detectable in the face, the headdress, the hands and in the lighter parts of the clothing. Hatching is hardly present there either.
While applying the paint layers, the underdrawing functioned as a guideline, but minor shifts and changes occurred in both paintings. The ruff on Gresham's collar for example was painted somewhat lower, and the back of the chair closer to the edge of the painting in the final version.
In Lady Fernely's portrait the headdress and neckline were slightly adjusted, as were the folds in her sleeves and the chair's armrest. During the painting process itself small corrections appeared also: for example in Gresham's hat and jacket. The fingers and thumb of Lady Fernely's right hand were elongated in paint, thus accomplishing a more elegant appearance of the hand.
Paintings Technique
The build-up of the painting is rather straight-forward. The face of Gresham is reserved in the background and where the reserve was too wide it has been closed (retouched) very neatly. By grace of a small unpainted top layer in Mor's layering one can see the so called dead-colouring: the cuff of Gresham's right shirt sleeve is formed in the same way as in the final painting with dead-colouring. Under the nostril of Gresham a touch of deep red is exposed. Like other painters of his time Mor used this trick to create volume and depth in the execution of the incarnate. [1]
Cross sections give more insight to the build-up of the flesh tones. On top of a white imprimatura there are two layers of lead white and vermillion (as well as a touch of black for the male portrait). A sample taken from a shadow area in the flesh tone of Lady Fernely's cheek shows lead white mixed with organic red lake and vermillion and also umber and charcoal used as a scumble. These scumbles in the flesh tones are greyish and create a translucent effect.
Shadows and highlights in the black textile draperies in Gresham's suit are worked wet in wet in swift touches of darker and lighter zones. A slight addition of an organic red lake to the mixture of lead white and black serve to achieve a warmer tonality. Some of the darker touches are weaved into the lighter zones and vice versa. It looks as this is done with a comb or special brush.
A sample taken from the green of the tassel on the chair shows verdigris and carbon black over a layer of earth pigments, lead white and black (the brown wood of the chair).
'
The Norgate Miniatura manuscript mentions the recipe for the painting of the colours of several types of gemstones given by a certain Antiguary Sig Verstegan of Antwerpe.
The emerald on the hand of Lady Fernely consists indeed of a copper containing pigment (Norgate mentions Verdigris) but in Gresham's sapphire stone the cheaper azurite is used instead of ultramarine.
Nota Bene
In the XRF spectra of the samples taken from the portrait of Anne Fernely big peaks for Zinc are surprising. But this must be another Russian souvenir as the Sidorov brothers are known not only to have replaced supports of paintings, but also the preparation layers.
Conclusion
The results of the research into Mor's techniques produced no great surprises but restoration has given these pictures a highly visible new lease of life. They are to now hang in the New Rijksmuseum. The restoration may also still serve as a very useful reference within the National Portrait Gallery's research project into Tudor and Jacobean painting techniques.
www.npg.org.uk/collections/research/programmes/making-art...
[1] Explanation of technical terms.
"The face of Gresham is reserved in the background"
Reserved: In painting, to "reserve" an area means to deliberately leave it unpainted or untouched while applying the background or underlayers, so it can be worked on more carefully later. Here, Mor painted the background around the area where the face would be, preserving a clean space to develop the portrait.
"Where the reserve was too wide it has been closed (retouched) very neatly"
Closed or retouched: If the area left in reserve was larger than necessary, the surrounding background paint was extended slightly to meet the painted face. This corrective process is known as retouching or "closing" the reserve.
"Dead-colouring"
Dead-colouring (Dutch: doodverf): This refers to the monochromatic or limited-color underpainting stage used by many Renaissance and Netherlandish painters. It establishes the composition, basic modeling, and light/dark values before the final, full-color paint layers are applied. It’s called “dead” because the colors are flat and lifeless compared to the finished work—but essential for structure.
"By grace of a small unpainted top layer... one can see the so-called dead-colouring"
A thin or missing final paint layer reveals the underpainting beneath—giving insight into Mor’s process. In this case, the cuff of the shirt was fully sketched out during dead-colouring and then painted over in the same configuration.
"A touch of deep red... to create volume and depth in the execution of the incarnate"
Incarnate: In painting, especially historical portraiture, this refers to flesh tones—from Latin incarnatus, “made flesh.”
The touch of deep red beneath the nostril is a deliberate technique used to create subsurface warmth, simulating the translucency of living skin. This subtle red underlayer adds vitality and dimensionality to the final depiction of the face.
A new addition to the Coachpoint of Aldershot fleet is Scania K360EB6 / Irizar PB C52FT FA12ENG. The coach, new to Guideline of Battersea in 2012, is for a new venture being set up in Stoneleigh, Surrey. 'Epsom Explore' is about to launch a new coach tours operation and will be using this coach for their trips.
Seen in Woking in August 2020, FA12ENG kicked off its new career with some rail replacement work before it receives appropriate fleetnames.
In retrospect, I’m glad I stuck with a slightly telephoto lens to the Christmas Parade this year. Sometimes a lot of my parade shots fall flat simply because of one guideline I can forget to follow in photography. And that’s to get in closer! Here’s my second favorite part of the Christmas Parade: seeing the soldiers march on by.
Two friends have a lot to tell each other on a beach walk, especially when they have the beach to themselves. The empty beach is bordered by a tropical jungle with coconut trees in the background. In the foreground, the seashore serves as a guideline that leads the eye to the two women reflected in the wet sand.
Even before knowing what the theme was for the Advanced Design Competition I already have a look in mind for Adele. I just went ahead of myself just in case what I have in mind fits the theme of the competition. I took inspiration from designer labels such as Mugler, David Koma, Anthony Vaccarello, Versus Versace, Elizabeth James, Michael Kors, Cedric Charlier, Antonio Berardi and Cushnie Et Ochs. The fashions I want to see for Fashion Royalty are kind of athletic inspired and sporty which is a trend among designers. Cut outs, color blocking and racer front necklines are very much ubiquitous at the moment. FR sometimes can be matronly so the sporty look can give them a bit of an edge. I wanted a racer front neckline but then I wanted sleeves. So I combined both and then I the idea of color blocking since most of us are getting tired of black dresses. I initially wanted a different color shoes because most of the dolls this year have black shoes, so I definitely wanted to see something different. But then once the guideline and the theme for the Competition were sent out, I had to change her look to fit the theme which is Rebellious Chic and that’s when I took inspiration from the 90’s Versace ads and their current Punk and Grunge inspired collections. In the end I still got my asymmetrical, my color blocked and my single sleeved dress. For some reason I went back to black shoes and change up the colors. I thought it looked better particularly with the Versus Versace dress. Now that the competition is over I would love to make those first three dresses I designed for her.
A group shot of my S-75 Dvina and "Havoc"
There is instructions for both models at www.snakebyte.dk/lego/instructions/military/index.php
The instructions are created by Knud A. Albrechtsen
DSC_9069 - FA14 ENG - Scania K410EB6/Irizar PB - Guideline Coaches (Australia Football Team Coach; Ex-England Football Team Coach) - Monkwearmouth, Stobart Street 27/05/16
On our last day in Turin we managed a quick visit to the famous Fiat Lingotto Factory. It's probably most famous for the rooftop racetrack which briefly starred in The Italian Job'.
Unfortunately we didn't get to see that properly as although it's included with entry to the Modern Art Museum on the roof we didn't have enough time available to justify the cost. We did manage to walk down the ramp though which proved to be a good source of interesting images.
Click here to see more of my photos from various trips to Italy : www.flickr.com/photos/darrellg/albums/72157603213111374
From Wikipedia : "Lingotto is a district of Turin, Italy, and the location of the Lingotto building in Via Nizza. This building once housed an automobile factory built by Fiat.
Construction started in 1916 and the building opened in 1923. The design (by young architect Matté Trucco) was unusual in that it had five floors, with raw materials going in at the ground floor, and cars built on a line that went up through the building. Finished cars emerged at rooftop level to go onto the test track. It was the largest car factory in the world at that time. For its time, the Lingotto building was avant-garde, influential and impressive—Le Corbusier called it "one of the most impressive sights in industry", and "a guideline for town planning". 80 different models of car were produced there in its lifetime, including the Fiat Topolino of 1936.
The factory became outmoded in the 1970s and the decision was made to finally close it in 1982. The closure of the plant led to much public debate about its future, and how to recover from industrial decline in general. An architectural competition was held, which was eventually awarded to Renzo Piano, who envisioned an exciting public space for the city. The old factory was rebuilt into a modern complex, with concert halls, theatre, a convention centre, shopping arcades and a hotel. The eastern portion of the building is the headquarters of the Automotive Engineering faculty of the Polytechnic University of Turin. The work was completed in 1989. The track was retained, and can still be visited today on the top floor of the shopping mall and hotel."
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The New Warsaw Pact centralizes Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Slovakia. Under the combined communist parties of all these countries, the Warsaw Pact will stop at nothing to destroy capitalism and the United States as we know it. All in an attempt to create the "perfect world", under communist leadership.
кола☭: This is the general guideline for the Romanians too. You can change a few things here and there. For instance, you can swap the limbs for the tac gear (Sand green vest/hemlmets and black limbs). You can also just flat out give them sand green tac gear (You can see I did it to three of them). I would like you to stick with the weapons here, but if you don't have any of the Brick Warrior's guns, PSG-1's and M82's(HCSR) are fine. Also, if you don't want to mod an M249 (Combat LMG), you can just use a regular one with a box mag.
Tao Te Ching -:- Verse 2
====================================
When people see things as beautiful,
ugliness is created.
When people see things as good,
evil is created.
Being and non-being produce each other.
Difficult and easy complement each other.
Long and short define each other.
High and low oppose each other.
Fore and aft follow each other.
====================================
A Couple of Haiku Notes:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Yin and the Yang
they're not really opposites
complementary
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
When you have questions
look and listen for the signs
synchronicity
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
======================================================
( 1 ) - ( 2 ) - ( 3 ) - ( 4 ) - ( 2x5) - ( 6 ) - ( 7 ) - ( 8 ) - ( 9 ) - (2x10 ) - ( * )
======================================================
In Chinese philosophy, yin and yang (also, yin-yang or yin yang) describes how apparently opposite or contrary forces are actually complementary, interconnected, and interdependent in the natural world, and how they give rise to each other as they interrelate to one another. Many tangible dualities (such as light and dark, fire and water, and male and female) are thought of as physical manifestations of the duality of yin and yang. This duality lies at the origins of many branches of classical Chinese science and philosophy, as well as being a primary guideline of traditional Chinese medicine, and a central principle of different forms of Chinese martial arts and exercise, such as baguazhang, taijiquan (t'ai chi), and qigong (Chi Kung), as well as in the pages of the I Ching written in 1,000 BC and before.
Yin and yang can be thought of as complementary (rather than opposing) forces that interact to form a dynamic system in which the whole is greater than the assembled parts. Everything has both yin and yang aspects, (for instance shadow cannot exist without light). Either of the two major aspects may manifest more strongly in a particular object, depending on the criterion of the observation. The yin yang shows a balance between two opposites with a little bit in each.
In Daoist metaphysics, distinctions between good and bad, along with other dichotomous moral judgments, are perceptual, not real; so, the duality of yin and yang is an indivisible whole. In the ethics of Confucianism on the other hand, most notably in the philosophy of Dong Zhongshu (c. 2nd century BC), a moral dimension is attached to the idea of yin and yang.
......................................................................................... Wikipedia
====================================================
www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdD80MkLEE4
====================================================
Yin --- Yang
0 --- 1
- ... +
abdomen --- back
absorbing --- penetrating
acidity --- alkalinity
affective --- cognitive
afternoon --- morning
akasha --- prana
autumn --- spring
back --- front
backward --- forward
belly --- head
below --- above
black --- white
bottom --- top
broken --- solid
calm --- chaos
center --- extreme
centripetal force --- centrifugal force
chills --- fever
cinnabar --- lead
circle --- square
circular --- straight
clockwise --- counter-clockwise
cold --- hot
contracting --- expanding
copper--- tin
dark --- light
death --- life
diffuse --- focused
down --- up
earth --- sky
eight --- nine
emotional --- logical
empty --- full
end of motion --- beginning of motion
even --- odd
fat --- muscle
female --- male
feminine --- masculine
flexible --- firm
fluid --- static
follower --- leader
forgiveness --- anger
freezing water --- boiling water
fruits --- cereals
girl --- boy
heart --- mind
heaven --- earth
ice --- fire
introvert --- extrovert
intuitive --- logical
involuntary --- voluntary
inward --- outward
jou --- kang
left --- right
light --- shadow
liu --- chiu
low --- high
me --- I
minus --- plus
momentum ---position
moon --- sun
mother --- father
night --- day
non-action --- action
north --- south
northwest --- southeast
off --- on
open --- close
orange --- azure
passion --- reason
passive --- active
pink --- blue
pliable --- rigid
potassium --- sodium
process --- structure
pull --- push
quiescence --- activity
quiet --- loud
receiving --- giving
receptive --- creative
relaxed --- tense
right brain --- left brain
salt --- pepper
sensitivity --- firmness
short --- tall
sister --- brother
six --- nine
slow --- fast
small --- large
softness --- hardness
spiritual --- physical
static --- energetic
stillness --- motion
subconscious --- conscious
subjective --- objective
submissive --- dominant
sugar --- salt
sunset --- sunrise
sweet --- sour
taking --- giving
tiger --- dragon
tranquil --- active
vagina --- penis
valley --- mountain
venus --- jupiter
water --- fire
wave --- particle
weak --- strong
west --- east
wet --- dry
winter --- summer
wisdom --- intelligence
woman --- man
xue-blood --- qi-energy
yielding --- aggressive
yin --- yang
zero --- one
A Cybernetic Thought
=====================================
The creation of negative entropy through
complimentary forces of energy.
DSC_8903 - FA14 ENG - Scania K410EB6/Irizar PB - Guideline Coaches (Australia Football Team Coach; Ex-England Football Team Coach) - Monkwearmouth, Stadium of Light 27/05/16
Few weeks ago, I went to Badaguan (in Qingdao) to grab some good shots. I've decided to go inside Chiang Kai-shek former residence as I was always willing to. In the garden facing the sea shore, their was a painting class with a group of young kids who were sitting randomly, trying to represent the building on the paper. I was surprised to see that no one was seating next to each other and no one were having the same artistic approach too. It was more like a free class where teachers go from one to the other, providing some tricks and guideline. Interesting isn't it?
This is China~~
"Castle Hill"
SW of US Hwy 224 & US Hwy 250 intersection
Built in 1878
Charles Crittenden began construction of Castle Hill March 13, 1878, with a detailed "article of agreement" with builder David Myers, Wayne County. The pact used the home of John Flukes as a guideline. It specified such materials as "the best Vermont slate" for the roof, certain styles of flues, plaster and woodworking, brass fixtures, porcelain doorknobs and indoor shutters at every window.
A central feature of the house is the mansard roofed tower which rises above the northeast corner over the main entrance. There is an unusual amount of carved wood ornamentation around the windows and the bracketed cornices.
The 15-room house with its 10-foot ceilings was built for $2,700. The tower pediments and decks on the roof were added in another agreement in August of that same year, at an additional cost of $425.
The structure, highlighted by an open stairway that makes one complete spiral from the ground floor to the top of the tower, was finished in 1880. The house sits upon a 660-acre farm originally owned by Nezer Sutherland who is buried in a small family cemetery on the grounds.
It's not really a rule more of a guideline. I don't "grown up". Yes I'm using that as a verb and feeling the ire of those grammatically perfect individuals amongst you for doing so. When needs must you must cut yourself free of the rules of the English language and make things up as you go along. That's all part of the sugar saturated ingredients that you must embrace if you're going to chose not to fall into that great big black hole that it's adulthood.
Yes a black hole, sucking the time from your ever shortening existence like great big hoovery thing. But the hose attachment of the hoover not the rotating brushy bit. Or maybe it's more like a plug hole. What's a good metaphor? I dunno what is a meta for? Heehee I could crack myself up if I didn't know it was coming.
But haven't you ever just taken the notion to do something that social convention tells you you're to old for? Gorge on sweeties, had a go on the swings or build a blanket fort? Putting away childish things is for people with no imagination and who care far too much about what other people think. And you know what they're thinking? They're thinking "That's a cool blanket fort...wish I could do that but alas I grown up."
Don't be one of them be one of us and build that fort.
I don't hear any building.
Ah that's better.
Went to a "Color the Skies - Photography Adventure" today. It was a fundraising benefit for a regional Children's Hospital.
I thought I'd take this opportunity to learn how to take pictures of people. I'm still nervous, so I mainly got the backs of people's heads. Pretending to be a worm did keep me below this kid's radar. She stood there for a few minutes just studying the balloons, taking it all in.
hwvs!
For the Sliders Sunday pool: I wanted to keep the viewer's attention to the little girl, but the guy on the right was wearing bright white/tan clothes and was distracting. Cropping him out made the photo feel off balance and there's that 3 or thirds guideline thing. So I darkened the right with a gradualted filter and then added a vignette to the photo photo.
So HSS too!
12-18-2017 10-29-54 AM
While out walking ‘ON’ the lake today I came across its Outflow for the first time.
Although completely covered with 6 inches of ice at the moment. At this spot on the lake you can see ripples where the slow, but moving water surface (current) is leaving the lake and heading for the Mighty Mississippi River.
With the many subzero nights here just of late I was very surprised to actually see ‘Open Water’ at all.
But did remember not to go any nearer, as the ice was obviously thinner nearer the flowing water, even if it was running very slow.
Unlike 3 other inhabitants of Minnesota this weekend, who fell through the ice they were on. 2 of which drowned.
REMEMBER THIS AS A SAFETY GUIDELINE
For new, clear ice only
Under 4" - STAY OFF
4" - Ice fishing or other activities on foot
5" - 7" - Snowmobile or ATV
8" - 12" - Car or small pickup
12" - 15" - Medium truck
Many factors other than thickness can cause ice to be unsafe.
White ice or "snow ice" is only about half as strong as new clear ice. Double the above thickness guidelines when traveling on white ice.
A group shot of my S-75 Dvina and "Havoc"
There is instructions for both models at www.snakebyte.dk/lego/instructions/military/index.php
The instructions are created by Knud A. Albrechtsen
I scrambled over to #Camden, unsure how fresh the #Eggsy eggs were
ps - beat the #lockdown blues, book a guideline compliant single household #shoreditchstreetarttour! And Dec 2nd - Christmas schedule now up on www.shoreditchstreetarttours.co.uk
Just arrived with the Sutton United squad, playing Torquay United at the Plainmoor ground. I suppose its a little compensation for Sutton United losing to Arsenal that they beat Torquay 3-2.
A Haiku Note:
====================
Strive to be happy
try not to be cynical
have strength of spirit
====================
The Eightfold Path describes the way to the end of suffering, as it was laid out by Siddhartha Gautama. It is a practical guideline to ethical and mental development with the goal of freeing the individual from attachments and delusions; and it finally leads to understanding the truth about all things. Together with the Four Noble Truths it constitutes the gist of Buddhism. Great emphasis is put on the practical aspect, because it is only through practice that one can attain a higher level of existence and finally reach Nirvana. The eight aspects of the path are not to be understood as a sequence of single steps, instead they are highly interdependent principles that have to be seen in relationship with each other.
1. Right View
Right view is the beginning and the end of the path, it simply means to see and to understand things as they really are and to realise the Four Noble Truths. As such, right view is the cognitive aspect of wisdom. It means to see things through, to grasp the impermanent and imperfect nature of worldly objects and ideas, and to understand the law of karma and karmic conditioning. Right view is not necessarily an intellectual capacity, just as wisdom is not just a matter of intelligence. Instead, right view is attained, sustained, and enhanced through all capacities of mind. It begins with the intuitive insight that all beings are subject to suffering and it ends with complete understanding of the true nature of all things. Since our view of the world forms our thoughts and our actions, right view yields right thoughts and right actions.
2. Right Intention
While right view refers to the cognitive aspect of wisdom, right intention refers to the volitional aspect, i.e. the kind of mental energy that controls our actions. Right intention can be described best as commitment to ethical and mental self-improvement. Buddha distinguishes three types of right intentions: 1. the intention of renunciation, which means resistance to the pull of desire, 2. the intention of good will, meaning resistance to feelings of anger and aversion, and 3. the intention of harmlessness, meaning not to think or act cruelly, violently, or aggressively, and to develop compassion.
3. Right Speech
Right speech is the first principle of ethical conduct in the eightfold path. Ethical conduct is viewed as a guideline to moral discipline, which supports the other principles of the path. This aspect is not self-sufficient, however, essential, because mental purification can only be achieved through the cultivation of ethical conduct. The importance of speech in the context of Buddhist ethics is obvious: words can break or save lives, make enemies or friends, start war or create peace. Buddha explained right speech as follows: 1. to abstain from false speech, especially not to tell deliberate lies and not to speak deceitfully, 2. to abstain from slanderous speech and not to use words maliciously against others, 3. to abstain from harsh words that offend or hurt others, and 4. to abstain from idle chatter that lacks purpose or depth. Positively phrased, this means to tell the truth, to speak friendly, warm, and gently and to talk only when necessary.
4. Right Action
The second ethical principle, right action, involves the body as natural means of expression, as it refers to deeds that involve bodily actions. Unwholesome actions lead to unsound states of mind, while wholesome actions lead to sound states of mind. Again, the principle is explained in terms of abstinence: right action means 1. to abstain from harming sentient beings, especially to abstain from taking life (including suicide) and doing harm intentionally or delinquently, 2. to abstain from taking what is not given, which includes stealing, robbery, fraud, deceitfulness, and dishonesty, and 3. to abstain from sexual misconduct. Positively formulated, right action means to act kindly and compassionately, to be honest, to respect the belongings of others, and to keep sexual relationships harmless to others. Further details regarding the concrete meaning of right action can be found in the Precepts.
5. Right Livelihood
Right livelihood means that one should earn one's living in a righteous way and that wealth should be gained legally and peacefully. The Buddha mentions four specific activities that harm other beings and that one should avoid for this reason: 1. dealing in weapons, 2. dealing in living beings (including raising animals for slaughter as well as slave trade and prostitution), 3. working in meat production and butchery, and 4. selling intoxicants and poisons, such as alcohol and drugs. Furthermore any other occupation that would violate the principles of right speech and right action should be avoided.
6. Right Effort
Right effort can be seen as a prerequisite for the other principles of the path. Without effort, which is in itself an act of will, nothing can be achieved, whereas misguided effort distracts the mind from its task, and confusion will be the consequence. Mental energy is the force behind right effort; it can occur in either wholesome or unwholesome states. The same type of energy that fuels desire, envy, aggression, and violence can on the other side fuel self-discipline, honesty, benevolence, and kindness. Right effort is detailed in four types of endeavours that rank in ascending order of perfection: 1. to prevent the arising of unarisen unwholesome states, 2. to abandon unwholesome states that have already arisen, 3. to arouse wholesome states that have not yet arisen, and 4. to maintain and perfect wholesome states already arisen.
7. Right Mindfulness
Right mindfulness is the controlled and perfected faculty of cognition. It is the mental ability to see things as they are, with clear consciousness. Usually, the cognitive process begins with an impression induced by perception, or by a thought, but then it does not stay with the mere impression. Instead, we almost always conceptualise sense impressions and thoughts immediately. We interpret them and set them in relation to other thoughts and experiences, which naturally go beyond the facticity of the original impression. The mind then posits concepts, joins concepts into constructs, and weaves those constructs into complex interpretative schemes. All this happens only half consciously, and as a result we often see things obscured. Right mindfulness is anchored in clear perception and it penetrates impressions without getting carried away. Right mindfulness enables us to be aware of the process of conceptualisation in a way that we actively observe and control the way our thoughts go. Buddha accounted for this as the four foundations of mindfulness: 1. contemplation of the body, 2. contemplation of feeling (repulsive, attractive, or neutral), 3. contemplation of the state of mind, and 4. contemplation of the phenomena.
8. Right Concentration
The eighth principle of the path, right concentration, refers to the development of a mental force that occurs in natural consciousness, although at a relatively low level of intensity, namely concentration. Concentration in this context is described as one-pointedness of mind, meaning a state where all mental faculties are unified and directed onto one particular object. Right concentration for the purpose of the eightfold path means wholesome concentration, i.e. concentration on wholesome thoughts and actions. The Buddhist method of choice to develop right concentration is through the practice of meditation. The meditating mind focuses on a selected object. It first directs itself onto it, then sustains concentration, and finally intensifies concentration step by step. Through this practice it becomes natural to apply elevated levels of concentration also in everyday situations.
======================================================
======================================================
DESIDERATA
Go placidly amid the noise and haste, and remember what peace there may be in silence.
As far as possible, without surrender, be on good terms with all persons. Speak your truth quietly and clearly; and listen to others, even to the dull and the ignorant, they too have their story. Avoid loud and aggressive persons, they are vexations to the spirit.
If you compare yourself with others, you may become vain and bitter; for always there will be greater and lesser persons than yourself. Enjoy your achievements as well as your plans. Keep interested in your own career, however humble; it is a real possession in the changing fortunes of time.
Exercise caution in your business affairs, for the world is full of trickery. But let this not blind you to what virtue there is; many persons strive for high ideals, and everywhere life is full of heroism. Be yourself. Especially, do not feign affection. Neither be cynical about love, for in the face of all aridity and disenchantment it is perennial as the grass.
Take kindly to the counsel of the years, gracefully surrendering the things of youth. Nurture strength of spirit to shield you in sudden misfortune. But do not distress yourself with imaginings. Many fears are born of fatigue and loneliness.
Beyond a wholesome discipline, be gentle with yourself. You are a child of the universe, no less than the trees and the stars; you have a right to be here. And whether or not it is clear to you, no doubt the universe is unfolding as it should.
Therefore be at peace with God, whatever you conceive Him to be, and whatever your labors and aspirations, in the noisy confusion of life, keep peace in your soul.
With all its sham, drudgery and broken dreams, it is still a beautiful world.
Be careful. Strive to be happy.
Max Ehrmann c.1927
======================================================
Live your life in happiness, even though those around you
live their lives in hatred and wish to spread their antipathy
to you. Be happiness itself. -:- Some Buddhist Philosophy
======================================================
“A disciplined mind brings happiness.” – Buddha
======================================================
October 12,2008 EXPLORE#328
The TGV was the world's second commercial high speed service, after Japan's Shinkansen, which first connected Tokyo and Osaka on 1 October 1964. The TGV currently holds the world speed record for conventional, wheel/rail trains. On 3 April 2007 a modified TGV POS train reached 574.8 km/h (357.2 mph) under test conditions on the LGV Est.
The newest high-speed lines allow speeds of up to 320 km/h (200 mph) in normal operation. Originally, LGVs were defined as lines permitting speeds greater than 200 km/h (125 mph); this guideline was subsequently revised to 250 km/h (155 mph). TGVs also run on conventional track (lignes classiques), at the normal maximum safe speed for those lines, up to a maximum of 220 km/h (137 mph). This is an advantage that the TGV has over, for example, magnetic levitation trains, as TGVs can serve many more destinations and can use city-centre stations (as in Paris, Lyon, and Dijon). They now serve around 200 destinations in France and abroad.
Scania K410EB6, Irizar i6s (C55Ft)
Guideline, Orpington
Clarence Pier Interchange, Southsea
17 August 2019
GK64 GCK is a Scania K360EB4/Irizar i6 C53F coach, new to Guideline, Chelsfield, Greater London in September 2014.
"Blue and blue" The row of stakes serves as a guideline. The blue of the sky and the water came in handy for me. I find this composition very beautiful.
AvaCoach of Leyland
FA12ENG
Scania K360EB6
Irizar PB
This was the 2012 England FA football team coach.
Registered new in May 2012 to Guideline of Battersea.
Irizar PB bodied Scania K400 tri-axle with C&J Coaches of Ipswoch, recently re-registered with this cherished plate. New as Guideline FA12 ENG.
======================================================
~ ( 1 ) - ( 2 ) - ( 3 ) - ( 5g ) - ( 5+) - ( 6 ) - ( 7 ) - ( 8 ) - ( 9 ) - ( 10+ ) - ( * ) ~
======================================================
A Haiku Note:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The way of virtue
to help create harmony
among all mankind
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
"Live in joy,
live in peace,
even among the troubled."
~ The Buddha ~
~ (0000 1001) ~
::::::::::: 09 :::::::::::
=====: 09 :=====
The Noble Eightfold Path describes the way to the end of suffering, as it was laid out by Siddhartha Gautama. It is a practical guideline to ethical and mental development with the goal of freeing the individual from attachments and delusions; and it finally leads to understanding the truth about all things. Together with the Four Noble Truths it constitutes the gist of Buddhism. Great emphasis is put on the practical aspect, because it is only through practice that one can attain a higher level of existence and finally reach Nirvana. The eight aspects of the path are not to be understood as a sequence of single steps, instead they are highly interdependent principles that have to be seen in relationship with each other.
1. Right View
Right view is the beginning and the end of the path, it simply means to see and to understand things as they really are and to realise the Four Noble Truth. As such, right view is the cognitive aspect of wisdom. It means to see things through, to grasp the impermanent and imperfect nature of worldly objects and ideas, and to understand the law of karma and karmic conditioning. Right view is not necessarily an intellectual capacity, just as wisdom is not just a matter of intelligence. Instead, right view is attained, sustained, and enhanced through all capacities of mind. It begins with the intuitive insight that all beings are subject to suffering and it ends with complete understanding of the true nature of all things. Since our view of the world forms our thoughts and our actions, right view yields right thoughts and right actions.
2. Right Intention
While right view refers to the cognitive aspect of wisdom, right intention refers to the volitional aspect, i.e. the kind of mental energy that controls our actions. Right intention can be described best as commitment to ethical and mental self-improvement. Buddha distinguishes three types of right intentions: 1. the intention of renunciation, which means resistance to the pull of desire, 2. the intention of good will, meaning resistance to feelings of anger and aversion, and 3. the intention of harmlessness, meaning not to think or act cruelly, violently, or aggressively, and to develop compassion.
3. Right Speech
Right speech is the first principle of ethical conduct in the eightfold path. Ethical conduct is viewed as a guideline to moral discipline, which supports the other principles of the path. This aspect is not self-sufficient, however, essential, because mental purification can only be achieved through the cultivation of ethical conduct. The importance of speech in the context of Buddhist ethics is obvious: words can break or save lives, make enemies or friends, start war or create peace. Buddha explained right speech as follows: 1. to abstain from false speech, especially not to tell deliberate lies and not to speak deceitfully, 2. to abstain from slanderous speech and not to use words maliciously against others, 3. to abstain from harsh words that offend or hurt others, and 4. to abstain from idle chatter that lacks purpose or depth. Positively phrased, this means to tell the truth, to speak friendly, warm, and gently and to talk only when necessary.
4. Right Action
The second ethical principle, right action, involves the body as natural means of expression, as it refers to deeds that involve bodily actions. Unwholesome actions lead to unsound states of mind, while wholesome actions lead to sound states of mind. Again, the principle is explained in terms of abstinence: right action means 1. to abstain from harming sentient beings, especially to abstain from taking life (including suicide) and doing harm intentionally or delinquently, 2. to abstain from taking what is not given, which includes stealing, robbery, fraud, deceitfulness, and dishonesty, and 3. to abstain from sexual misconduct. Positively formulated, right action means to act kindly and compassionately, to be honest, to respect the belongings of others, and to keep sexual relationships harmless to others. Further details regarding the concrete meaning of right action can be found in the Precepts.
5. Right Livelihood
Right livelihood means that one should earn one's living in a righteous way and that wealth should be gained legally and peacefully. The Buddha mentions four specific activities that harm other beings and that one should avoid for this reason: 1. dealing in weapons, 2. dealing in living beings (including raising animals for slaughter as well as slave trade and prostitution), 3. working in meat production and butchery, and 4. selling intoxicants and poisons, such as alcohol and drugs. Furthermore any other occupation that would violate the principles of right speech and right action should be avoided.
6. Right Effort
Right effort can be seen as a prerequisite for the other principles of the path. Without effort, which is in itself an act of will, nothing can be achieved, whereas misguided effort distracts the mind from its task, and confusion will be the consequence. Mental energy is the force behind right effort; it can occur in either wholesome or unwholesome states. The same type of energy that fuels desire, envy, aggression, and violence can on the other side fuel self-discipline, honesty, benevolence, and kindness. Right effort is detailed in four types of endeavours that rank in ascending order of perfection: 1. to prevent the arising of unarisen unwholesome states, 2. to abandon unwholesome states that have already arisen, 3. to arouse wholesome states that have not yet arisen, and 4. to maintain and perfect wholesome states already arisen.
7. Right Mindfulness
Right mindfulness is the controlled and perfected faculty of cognition. It is the mental ability to see things as they are, with clear consciousness. Usually, the cognitive process begins with an impression induced by perception, or by a thought, but then it does not stay with the mere impression. Instead, we almost always conceptualise sense impressions and thoughts immediately. We interpret them and set them in relation to other thoughts and experiences, which naturally go beyond the facticity of the original impression. The mind then posits concepts, joins concepts into constructs, and weaves those constructs into complex interpretative schemes. All this happens only half consciously, and as a result we often see things obscured. Right mindfulness is anchored in clear perception and it penetrates impressions without getting carried away. Right mindfulness enables us to be aware of the process of conceptualisation in a way that we actively observe and control the way our thoughts go. Buddha accounted for this as the four foundations of mindfulness: 1. contemplation of the body, 2. contemplation of feeling (repulsive, attractive, or neutral), 3. contemplation of the state of mind, and 4. contemplation of the phenomena.
8. Right Concentration
The eighth principle of the path, right concentration, refers to the development of a mental force that occurs in natural consciousness, although at a relatively low level of intensity, namely concentration. Concentration in this context is described as one-pointedness of mind, meaning a state where all mental faculties are unified and directed onto one particular object. Right concentration for the purpose of the eightfold path means wholesome concentration, i.e. concentration on wholesome thoughts and actions. The Buddhist method of choice to develop right concentration is through the practice of meditation. The meditating mind focuses on a selected object. It first directs itself onto it, then sustains concentration, and finally intensifies concentration step by step. Through this practice it becomes natural to apply elevated levels of concentration also in everyday situations.
The above is a slightly larger version of an image taken for the Macro Mondays group that exceeds the group's 3-inch guideline, but is presented here to provide context for how it was worn. The smaller macro version that was posted to the group is in the first comments box.
This vintage tool was among my father’s things when he died. It was probably worn by him when he was a young man or perhaps by his father before him for use in harvesting corn by hand.
The tool consists of a metal hook riveted to a formed leather piece that straps around the hand and wrist using attached straps and buckles. Users walked beside horse-drawn wagons in the fields as they husked the corn manually and threw it into the wagons. The hook on the tool was used to rip the corn husk open so that the ear could be easily broken off the shank that leads to the stalk. Though labor-saving machinery was available for corn harvesting by the 1920s, some farmers still husked and harvested corn by hand into the 1940s.
The text on the tool metal says “The Raidt Make, Shenandoah, Iowa.” A bit of Googling reveals that there was once a company called Raidt Mfg Co. in Shenandoah, which is not far from where members of my family have farmed for generations in Southwest Iowa.
HMM
A B&W shot of the internal car ramp n the Lingotto factory, as shot with my 11mm wideangle lens.
On our last day in Turin we managed a quick visit to the famous Fiat Lingotto Factory. It's probably most famous for the rooftop racetrack which briefly starred in The Italian Job'.
Unfortunately we didn't get to see that properly as although it's included with entry to the Modern Art Museum on the roof we didn't have enough time available to justify the cost. Anyway, it's always good to leave a couple of things for a return visit........
Click here to see more of my photos from various trips to Italy : www.flickr.com/photos/darrellg/albums/72157603213111374
From Wikipedia : "Lingotto is a district of Turin, Italy, and the location of the Lingotto building in Via Nizza. This building once housed an automobile factory built by Fiat.
Construction started in 1916 and the building opened in 1923. The design (by young architect Matté Trucco) was unusual in that it had five floors, with raw materials going in at the ground floor, and cars built on a line that went up through the building. Finished cars emerged at rooftop level to go onto the test track. It was the largest car factory in the world at that time. For its time, the Lingotto building was avant-garde, influential and impressive—Le Corbusier called it "one of the most impressive sights in industry", and "a guideline for town planning". 80 different models of car were produced there in its lifetime, including the Fiat Topolino of 1936.
The factory became outmoded in the 1970s and the decision was made to finally close it in 1982. The closure of the plant led to much public debate about its future, and how to recover from industrial decline in general. An architectural competition was held, which was eventually awarded to Renzo Piano, who envisioned an exciting public space for the city. The old factory was rebuilt into a modern complex, with concert halls, theatre, a convention centre, shopping arcades and a hotel. The eastern portion of the building is the headquarters of the Automotive Engineering faculty of the Polytechnic University of Turin. The work was completed in 1989. The track was retained, and can still be visited today on the top floor of the shopping mall and hotel."
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I could probably create a large article regarding the highly overlooked ideologies established by not only the media, but Disney princesses and what they present as "happily ever after".
Call me negative - although I prefer the term realistic - but the idea of fairy tales, a charming prince, and everything working out perfectly and then, even more incredulously, remaining perfect, has a tendency to leave many young girls with high expectations as to what and who they want in life.
I don't believe that things can remain perfect, nor do I believe that perfect lives and perfect people exists. Everyone comes with their own set of problems, and a part of accepting and possibly falling in love with another individual includes the ability to accept their faults and mistakes in the hopes that they themselves would accept your own.
People need to realize that the highly polished fantasies established by these stories shouldn't be taken as a guideline for our very own lives.
Ironically, the only way one would ever live a near perfect life, is by coming in terms with the imperfections and learning to accept them.
Parámetros :: Parameters :: Paramètres: Canos EOS 7D; ISO 1250; -1/3 ev; f 4; 1/60 s; 17 mm Canon EF 17-40mm f/4L USM.
Título :: Title :: Titre ::: Fecha (Date): El Callejón :: The alley :: La ruelle ::: 2017/06/17 19:10
Palabras Clave, Keywords: León, España, Auditorio, "Blanco y negro", Luz, Teatro, Muerte, Toros, "San Fermín", Spain, Auditorium, "Black & chite", Light, Theatre, Death, Bull, Espagne, Réflexion, Pied.
(Es). Historia: León. España. Auditorio Ciudad de León. Continuamos con la acción artística por parte de los Alumnos de la Escuela Municipal del Ayuntamiento de León, de música, danza y teatro, coordinada por Rosario Granell. En el momento en que capto la imagen por el visor, mi mente hizo de su capa un sayo. Súbitamente me preguntaba por la sensación que debe de tener un toro cuando sale de los Corrales de Santo Domingo y enfila, cuesta arriba, la calle del mismo nombre allá en Pamplona.
Recomiendo leer el libro “Mentes maravillosas” de Carl Safina, edición española por Galaxia Gutenberg (19,35€). Me permito un resumen brevísimo de un par de sus páginas, del capítulo “¿Característicamente humano?”, en el bloque de la primera parte del libro, página 40 y siguientes. Luego reconsideráis la pregunta anterior; y que cada cual se sugiera el color del cristal de sus gafas.
A principios del siglo XX nace la psicología comparada, donde se estudiaba la conducta y las capacidades psicológicas de las especies animales. En 1951, Niko Tinbergen publica “El Estudio del Instinto”, donde se plantean las cuatro preguntas en las que se basa la etología. En 1973, Konrad Lorenz, Karl von Frisch y Niko Tinbergen reciben el premio Nobel por sus estudios en el campo del comportamiento animal. Konrad Lorenz por el estudio de la impronta en los gansos, Karl von Frisch por sus estudios en el campo de la comunicación de las abejas y Niko Tinbergen por estudiar el comportamiento de cortejo en el pez espinoso. Allí comenzó el final de ese conjunto de siglos de supersticiones (los lobos son encarnaciones de espíritus, etc.). Pero en aquella ciencia incipiente había un importante agujero negro: a los jóvenes científicos se les formaba para considerar que el comportamiento de los animales no humanos no incluía necesariamente el pensamiento consciente (Joyce Pool, experta en comunicación entre elefantes). En la enseñanza formal en Biología, se indica claramente la directriz principal: “No atribuyas a otros animales experiencias mentales humanas, sean pensamientos o emociones. Eso es antropomorfismo”. ¡Evidentemente!, pero paradójicamente eso también lo aplicamos a familiares y amigos nuestros, y es antropomorfismo, y no son “nosotros”.
Y en el siglo pasado, aquella directriz pasó a ser una camisa de fuerza para la investigación. Los etólogos debían solo describir lo que veían, nada más. Que rondara por la cabeza la idea de preguntarse el sentimiento o ideas de los otros animales, según lo que se observaba y describía, era simplemente un tabú. Y si en el tiempo de aquellos premios Nobel se te ocurría aproximarte a ese “antropomorfismo”, estabas muerto científicamente. Simplemente no te dejarían publicar.
Pero en 1970 llegó Donald Griffin con su libro titulado: “La cuestión de la conciencia animal”. Donald no era un recién llegado; fue quien descubrió el sistema de localización de los murciélagos. Y aquello removió parte del Status Quo sobre el problema de antropomorfismo. No era premio Nobel, aunque bien pensado no está garantizado que un premio Nobel tenga una mente privilegiada siempre y para todo. Esto que sigue no es de Safina: en tiempos de aquella crisis que comenzó hace ya 8 años, recuerdo un recién galardonado premio Nobel en economía que garantizaba un rescate seguro, al estilo griego y en breve, para España. Gambazo hasta el fondo… ¡Y era premio Nobel! ¡Y era su especialidad! O el impresentable comportamiento de Dylan al ser galardonado con el Nobel… mucho mejores letras las de nuestros Joaquín Sabina o Javier Krahe, y los suecos no se han enterado aún.
Pero los humanos, aunque estemos convencidos, no somos la medida de todas las cosas, lo que por otro lado sería un estricto antropocentrismo. Así que los investigadores comenzaron a pensar que esa camisa de fuerza del antropomorfismo comenzaba a ser una rémora para la ciencia. Indudablemente proyectar nuestros conocimientos en otros animales tiene un alto riesgo de malinterpretar sus motivaciones, pero seguro que les malinterpretamos si les negamos sus propias motivaciones. El no dar por hecho que los animales piensan y sienten fue bueno para el comienzo de la etología, pero fue tremendo error mantener esa actitud durante tanto tiempo.
Tened en cuenta, y con esto termino este resumen aunque trataremos otros aspectos en otras imágenes (el libro de Safina lo requiere), que todo lo que los humanos hacemos y tenemos proviene de algún sitio.Para que la evolución llegara a hacernos como somos, se necesita ir disponiendo de todas las piezas para ello, que siempre se desarrollan en modelos anteriores a los actuales. Nosotros hemos heredado todas esas piezas, desde el esqueleto hasta el sistema nervioso, incluyendo el cerebro.
Bien, pues con este acervo de datos, pensad en los toros subiendo cuesta arriba la calle Santo Domingo. Y eso no es lo malo, lo peor es dónde acabarán ese mismo día a las 5 de la tarde. Llegarán a su peor día, al momento de su tortura cruel y sanguinaria que algunos humanos llaman el arte de la tauromaquia, pero que no tiene más recorrido que aquel de ser el arte de la tortura: la Torturomaquia. Y lo que es peor: para diversión del respetable. ¿Respetable?… ¿Ese es un público respetable?. ¡Tócate!.
Toma: Me quedo el principio de la fila de fotógrafos y público, empujado más por las prisas de los que tenía detrás que por las mías propias. Me agacho igual que los componentes de la acción teatral y espero a tener una silueta que me llame la atención. Era esa. Hago la foto y salgo pitando hacia adelante para dejar espacio al resto de los fotógrafos.
Tratamiento: Con Lightroom. Original en RAW. No tiene mucho tratamiento, simplemente pasarla a monocromo y ajustar un poco las luces, el contraste y el encuadre. Aunque la viñeta no ayudaba mucho, la apliqué un poco.
¡Eso es todo amigos!
(En). The History: León. Spain. Auditorium City of León. We continue with the artistic action by the Students of the Municipal School of the City of Leon, music, dance and theater, coordinated by Rosario Granell. The moment I capture this image through the viewfinder, my mind went to his ball. Suddenly I wondered about the sensations that a bull has when it leaves the Corrales of Santo Domingo and heads up the street of the same name in Pamplona.
It is advisable to read the book "Wonderful Minds" by Carl Safina edited in Spain by Galaxia Gutenberg (19,35 €). I make a brief summary of a couple of his pages, from the chapter "Characteristically human?", In the block of the first part of the book, page 40 and following. Then reconsider the previous question; And that each one suggests the color of the glass of his glasses.
At the beginning of the 20th century, comparative psychology was born, where the behavior and psychological capacities of animal species were studied. In 1951, Niko Tinbergen publishes "The Study of Instinct," which raises the four questions on which ethology is based. In 1973, Konrad Lorenz, Karl von Frisch and Niko Tinbergen received the Nobel Prize for their studies in the field of animal behavior. Konrad Lorenz receives it by studying the imprint on the geese, Karl von Frisch for his studies in the field of the communication of the bees and Niko Tinbergen to study the behavior of cortejo in the prickly fish. That is when the end of that set of centuries of superstitions began (wolves are incarnations of spirits, etc.). But in that incipient science there was an important mental funnel: the young scientists were trained to consider that the behavior of non-human animals did not necessarily include conscious thinking (Joyce Pool, expert in communication between elephants). In formal teaching in biology, the main guideline is clear: "Do not attribute to other animals human mental experiences, be they thoughts or emotions. That is anthropomorphism. " Obviously! But paradoxically we apply this to our relatives and friends, and it is anthropomorphism, since they are not exactly "us" either.
Last century, that directive became a straitjacket for research. Ethologists should only describe what they observe, nothing more. The idea of wondering about the sentiment or ideas of other animals, according to what was observed and described, was simply a taboo. And if, at the time of those Nobel prizes, you came up with that "anthropomorphism", you were scientifically dead. They just would not let you publish.
In 1970 Donald Griffin arrived with his book entitled "The Question of Animal Awareness". Donald was not an upstart; Was the one that discovered the system of location of the bats. And that removed part of the Status Quo on the problem of anthropomorphism. He was not a Nobel laureate, although it is not guaranteed that a Nobel Prize has a privileged mind always and for everything. This is not Safina's: at the time of that crisis that began eight years ago, I remember a newly awarded Nobel Prize in economics that guaranteed a safe, Greek-style rescue for Spain. Mistake to the bottom ... And it was Nobel prize! And it was his specialty! Or the lamentable behavior of Dylan to be awarded the Nobel ... Particularly I think that the lyrics made by our Joaquin Sabina or Javier Krahe are substantially better than those of Dylan, and the Swedes have not heard yet.
Fortunately humans, although we are convinced, are not the measure of all things, which on the other hand would be a strict anthropocentrism. So the researchers began to think that that straitjacket of anthropomorphism was beginning to be a heavy burden for science. Undoubtedly projecting our knowledge in other animals has a high risk of misinterpreting their motivations, but surely we misunderstand if we deny their own motivations. Not assuming that animals think and feel was good for the beginning of ethology, but it was a terrible mistake to maintain that attitude for so long.
We have to consider, and with this I finish this summary although we will treat other aspects in other images (the book of Safina requires it), that everything that humans do and we have comes from somewhere. For evolution to become as we are today , I needed to have all the pieces to get it, which always develop in models before the current. Some failed. We have inherited all these pieces, from the skeleton to the nervous system, including the brain.
Well, with this collection of data, you now think of the bulls going uphill Santo Domingo Street. And that is not the worst, the worst is the place where they will end that same day at 5 pm. They will arrive at their most ominous day, at the time of their cruel and bloodthirsty torture that some humans call the art of bullfighting, but that has no more route than that of being the art of torture: Torturemaquia. And what's worse: for fun of the respectable. Respectable? ... Is that a respectable audience ?. Touch yourself!.
Taking up: I remain the beginning of the line of photographers and public, pushed more by the urgencies and pushes of those who had behind than by my own intentions. I crouch like the components of theatrical action and hope to have a silhouette that appeals to me. Was that. I make the photo and I go out jumping forward to make room for the rest of the photographers.
Treatment: With Lightroom. Original in RAW. It does not have much treatment, simply to pass it to monochrome and to adjust a little the lights, the contrast and the framing. Although the vignette did not help much, I applied it a little.
That's all folks !!
(Fr). Histoire: León. L'Espagne. Auditorium Ville de León. Nous continuons avec l'action artistique des étudiants de l'école municipale de la ville de Leon, de la musique, de la danse et du théâtre, coordonnée par Rosario Granell. Au moment où je capture cette image à travers le viseur, mon esprit est allé à sa balle. Soudain, je me demandais à propos des sensations qu'un taureau a eu quand il quitte les Corrales de Saint-Domingue et dirige la rue du même nom à Pampelune.
Il est conseillé de lire le livre "Wonderful Minds" de Carl Safina édité en Espagne par Galaxia Gutenberg (19,35 €). Je présente brièvement quelques pages à partir du chapitre "Caractéristiquement humain". Dans le bloc de la première partie du livre, page 40 et suivantes. Ensuite, reconsidérer la question précédente; Et que chacun suggère la couleur du verre de ses lunettes.
Au début du XXe siècle, il est né la psychologie comparative, où le comportement et les capacités psychologiques des espèces animales étudiées. En 1951, Niko Tinbergen a publié « L'étude de l'instinct », où les quatre questions posées dans lequel éthologie est basé. En 1973, Konrad Lorenz, Karl von Frisch et Niko Tinbergen a reçu le prix Nobel pour ses études dans le domaine du comportement animal. Konrad Lorenz reçoit l'étude des oies dans l'empreinte, Karl von Frisch pour ses études dans le domaine de la communication et de Niko Tinbergen abeilles pour étudier le comportement de la parade nuptiale dans l'épinoche. C'est quand la fin de cette série de siècles de superstition a commencé (les loups sont des incarnations des esprits, etc.). Mais dans cette science émergente était un grand entonnoir mentale: les jeunes scientifiques ont été formés pour examiner le comportement des animaux non humains ne sont pas nécessairement inclus la pensée consciente (Joyce piscine, un expert en communication entre les éléphants). Dans l'éducation formelle en biologie, il est clair que la directive principale: « Ne pas attribuer à d'autres animaux expériences mentales humaines, que ce soit des pensées ou émotions. C'est anthropomorphisme ". De toute évidence!, Mais paradoxalement aussi appliquer à notre famille et les amis, et anthropomorphisme, car ils ne sont pas exactement « nous ».
Au siècle dernier, cette directive est devenue un carcan pour la recherche. Les éthologues ne devraient décrire ce qu'ils voient, rien de plus. Ils seront autour de la tête l'idée d'émerveillement au sujet des sentiments ou des idées d'autres animaux, selon ce qui a été observé et décrit, il était tout simplement tabou. Et si, au moment de ces prix Nobel, vous obtenez près de cela est arrivé « anthropomorphisme », vous étiez scientifiquement mort. Il suffit de ne pas laisser publier.
En 1970 Donald Griffin est arrivé avec son livre intitulé « La question de la conscience animale ». Donald était pas un arriviste; Ce fut celui qui a découvert la localisation des chauves-souris. Et cette partie retirée du statu quo sur le problème de l'anthropomorphisme. Il a été prix Nobel, mais bien pensé ne garanti qu'un prix Nobel a un esprit privilégié toujours et pour tous. Cela fait suite n'est pas de Safina: en temps de crise qui a commencé il y a 8 ans, je me souviens d'un nouveau reçu le prix Nobel d'économie garantissant un sauvetage en toute sécurité, le grec et le style d'urgence en Espagne. Equivoque au fond ... Et était prix Nobel! Et ce fut sa spécialité! Ou le comportement regrettable de Dylan à recevoir le Nobel ... En particulier, je pense que les paroles qui font de notre Joaquín Sabina et Javier Krahe sont sensiblement mieux que Dylan, et les Suédoise ont pas encore appris.
Heureusement, les humains, bien que nous en sommes convaincus, nous ne sommes pas la mesure de toutes choses, qui, d'autre part serait un anthropocentrisme stricte. Ainsi, les chercheurs ont commencé à penser que carcan de l'anthropomorphisme devenait un lourd fardeau pour la science. Projet sans aucun doute nos connaissances dans d'autres animaux ont un risque élevé de mal interpréter ses motifs, mais certainement mal les interpréter si elles nient leurs propres motivations. Le défaut de supposer que les animaux pensent et se sentent était bon pour le début de l'éthologie, mais il était terrible erreur de maintenir cette attitude si longtemps.
Nous devons considérer, et je vais mettre fin à ce résumé, mais essayer d'autres choses dans d'autres images (le livre Safina nécessaire), tout ce que les humains font et ont provient d'un sitio.Para que l'évolution est venu nous comme nous sommes il avait besoin pour aller avec toutes les pièces pour l'obtenir, ils se développent toujours dans les modèles précédents aujourd'hui. Certains ont échoué. Nous avons hérité de toutes ces pièces, du squelette au système nerveux, y compris le cerveau.
Eh bien, avec cette richesse de données, vous pensez maintenant des taureaux d'escalade vers le haut de la rue Santo Domingo. Et ce n'est pas le pire, le pire est où ils finissent par le même jour à 17 heures. Ils atteignent leur jour le plus désastreux, quand son cruel et sanguinaire que certains humains appellent l'art de la tauromachie torture, mais a plus de Voyage que celui d'être l'art de la torture: le Torturemaquia. Et ce qui est pire: l'amusement du public. ¿Respectable? ... C'est un public respectable?. Touchez votre!.
Prendre: Je lance l'avant de la ligne des photographes et le public, poussé plus loin en poussant l'urgence et derrière lui que mes propres intentions. Je me accroupis comme composantes de l'action théâtrale et nous espérons avoir une silhouette qui me plaît. Il était que. Je laisse la photo et klaxonner avant de faire place à d'autres photographes.
Traitement: Avec Lightroom. Original RAW. Il n'a pas beaucoup de traitement, juste passer en monochrome et d'ajuster légèrement les lumières, le contraste et le cadrage. Bien que la balle n'a pas aidé beaucoup, j'ai appliqué un peu.
Voilà, c'est tout!
This is the a Soviet-designed, high-altitude air defense system S-75 Dvina also known as the SA-2 Guideline. Instructions available at www.snakebyte.dk/lego/instructions/military/s-75_dvina/in...
The instructions are created by Knud A. Albrechtsen
Size: 1/32
Color: Dark Gray and Light Bluish Gray
A Haiku Note:
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A Buddha portrait
made out of four slates of wood
live the Eightfold Path
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The Noble Eightfold Path describes the way to the end of suffering, as it was laid out by Siddhartha Gautama. It is a practical guideline to ethical and mental development with the goal of freeing the individual from attachments and delusions; and it finally leads to understanding the truth about all things. Together with the Four Noble Truths it constitutes the gist of Buddhism. Great emphasis is put on the practical aspect, because it is only through practice that one can attain a higher level of existence and finally reach Nirvana. The eight aspects of the path are not to be understood as a sequence of single steps, instead they are highly interdependent principles that have to be seen in relationship with each other.
1. Right View
Right view is the beginning and the end of the path, it simply means to see and to understand things as they really are and to realise the Four Noble Truths. As such, right view is the cognitive aspect of wisdom. It means to see things through, to grasp the impermanent and imperfect nature of worldly objects and ideas, and to understand the law of karma and karmic conditioning. Right view is not necessarily an intellectual capacity, just as wisdom is not just a matter of intelligence. Instead, right view is attained, sustained, and enhanced through all capacities of mind. It begins with the intuitive insight that all beings are subject to suffering and it ends with complete understanding of the true nature of all things. Since our view of the world forms our thoughts and our actions, right view yields right thoughts and right actions.
2. Right Intention
While right view refers to the cognitive aspect of wisdom, right intention refers to the volitional aspect, i.e. the kind of mental energy that controls our actions. Right intention can be described best as commitment to ethical and mental self-improvement. Buddha distinguishes three types of right intentions: 1. the intention of renunciation, which means resistance to the pull of desire, 2. the intention of good will, meaning resistance to feelings of anger and aversion, and 3. the intention of harmlessness, meaning not to think or act cruelly, violently, or aggressively, and to develop compassion.
3. Right Speech
Right speech is the first principle of ethical conduct in the eightfold path. Ethical conduct is viewed as a guideline to moral discipline, which supports the other principles of the path. This aspect is not self-sufficient, however, essential, because mental purification can only be achieved through the cultivation of ethical conduct. The importance of speech in the context of Buddhist ethics is obvious: words can break or save lives, make enemies or friends, start war or create peace. Buddha explained right speech as follows: 1. to abstain from false speech, especially not to tell deliberate lies and not to speak deceitfully, 2. to abstain from slanderous speech and not to use words maliciously against others, 3. to abstain from harsh words that offend or hurt others, and 4. to abstain from idle chatter that lacks purpose or depth. Positively phrased, this means to tell the truth, to speak friendly, warm, and gently and to talk only when necessary.
4. Right Action
The second ethical principle, right action, involves the body as natural means of expression, as it refers to deeds that involve bodily actions. Unwholesome actions lead to unsound states of mind, while wholesome actions lead to sound states of mind. Again, the principle is explained in terms of abstinence: right action means 1. to abstain from harming sentient beings, especially to abstain from taking life (including suicide) and doing harm intentionally or delinquently, 2. to abstain from taking what is not given, which includes stealing, robbery, fraud, deceitfulness, and dishonesty, and 3. to abstain from sexual misconduct. Positively formulated, right action means to act kindly and compassionately, to be honest, to respect the belongings of others, and to keep sexual relationships harmless to others. Further details regarding the concrete meaning of right action can be found in the Precepts.
5. Right Livelihood
Right livelihood means that one should earn one's living in a righteous way and that wealth should be gained legally and peacefully. The Buddha mentions four specific activities that harm other beings and that one should avoid for this reason: 1. dealing in weapons, 2. dealing in living beings (including raising animals for slaughter as well as slave trade and prostitution), 3. working in meat production and butchery, and 4. selling intoxicants and poisons, such as alcohol and drugs. Furthermore any other occupation that would violate the principles of right speech and right action should be avoided.
6. Right Effort
Right effort can be seen as a prerequisite for the other principles of the path. Without effort, which is in itself an act of will, nothing can be achieved, whereas misguided effort distracts the mind from its task, and confusion will be the consequence. Mental energy is the force behind right effort; it can occur in either wholesome or unwholesome states. The same type of energy that fuels desire, envy, aggression, and violence can on the other side fuel self-discipline, honesty, benevolence, and kindness. Right effort is detailed in four types of endeavours that rank in ascending order of perfection: 1. to prevent the arising of unarisen unwholesome states, 2. to abandon unwholesome states that have already arisen, 3. to arouse wholesome states that have not yet arisen, and 4. to maintain and perfect wholesome states already arisen.
7. Right Mindfulness
Right mindfulness is the controlled and perfected faculty of cognition. It is the mental ability to see things as they are, with clear consciousness. Usually, the cognitive process begins with an impression induced by perception, or by a thought, but then it does not stay with the mere impression. Instead, we almost always conceptualise sense impressions and thoughts immediately. We interpret them and set them in relation to other thoughts and experiences, which naturally go beyond the facticity of the original impression. The mind then posits concepts, joins concepts into constructs, and weaves those constructs into complex interpretative schemes. All this happens only half consciously, and as a result we often see things obscured. Right mindfulness is anchored in clear perception and it penetrates impressions without getting carried away. Right mindfulness enables us to be aware of the process of conceptualisation in a way that we actively observe and control the way our thoughts go. Buddha accounted for this as the four foundations of mindfulness: 1. contemplation of the body, 2. contemplation of feeling (repulsive, attractive, or neutral), 3. contemplation of the state of mind, and 4. contemplation of the phenomena.
8. Right Concentration
The eighth principle of the path, right concentration, refers to the development of a mental force that occurs in natural consciousness, although at a relatively low level of intensity, namely concentration. Concentration in this context is described as one-pointedness of mind, meaning a state where all mental faculties are unified and directed onto one particular object. Right concentration for the purpose of the eightfold path means wholesome concentration, i.e. concentration on wholesome thoughts and actions. The Buddhist method of choice to develop right concentration is through the practice of meditation. The meditating mind focuses on a selected object. It first directs itself onto it, then sustains concentration, and finally intensifies concentration step by step. Through this practice it becomes natural to apply elevated levels of concentration also in everyday situations.