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The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument to Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Motherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument built to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy. It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from among 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.
It has been described as being "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill."
taken from:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altare_della_Patria
with the texture of Lenabem-Anna:
www.flickr.com/photos/lenabem-anna/5621258076/in/set-7215...
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or Il Vittoriano is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy. It is located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1895. It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1925.The monument is built of pure white marble and features majestic stairways, tallCorinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 meters (490 ft) wide and 70 meters (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 meters (265 ft)The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen by Maria Bergamas of Gradisca D' Isonzo before 1919 an Austrian-Hungarian village, whose only child was a deserter of Austro-Hungarian Army than a soldier of the Regio Esercito was missing in action during World War I; between 11 other bodies of unknown soldiers/sailors of the armed forces of the Kingdom of Italy.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
The Scuola Militare Aeronautica Giulio Douhet is one of my favorite places in Firenze; maybe one of the reasons for this preference depends from the fact that tourists cannot have access.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
Ⓒ Saúl Tuñón Loureda
Mis Galerías de Fotos:
El monumento nacional a Víctor Manuel II (en italiano: Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II), también conocido como Altare della Patria (Altar de la Patria), o simplemente Il Vittoriano, es un enorme monumento conmemorativo de la ciudad de Roma, Italia, realizado en honor del primer rey de la Italia unificada, Víctor Manuel II.
Se sitúa entre la Piazza Venezia (Plaza de Venecia) y la Colina Capitolina. Fue diseñado por Giuseppe Sacconi en 1885, e inaugurado en 1911, pero los trabajos terminaron mucho después, entre 1924 y 1927.
El monumento está construido con mármol blanco extraído de las canteras de Botticino (cerca de la ciudad de Brescia), mostrado por ejemplo en las majestuosas escaleras o las columnas corintias. También dispone de varias fuentes y esculturas del propio rey Víctor Manuel y dos estatuas de la diosa Victoria con sendas cuadrigas. La estructura mide 135 metros de ancho y 70 metros de altura (incluyendo la cuadriga y las alas de las diosas llega a 81 metros).
En la base del monumento se encuentra el museo de la unificación de Italia.
El soldado desconocido
Artículo principal: Tomba del Milite Ignoto
En el monumento a Víctor Manuel II se encuentra también una tumba al soldado desconocido con una «llama eterna» construida tras la Primera Guerra Mundial, conforme a la idea del general Giulio Douhet. El cuerpo del soldado desconocido fue escogido por Maria Bergamas, en el pueblo austro-húngaro de Gradisca d'Isonzo, de un joven desertor del ejército austro-húngaro que pasó al Regio Esercito (ejército italiano) y resultó desaparecido en combate durante la Primera Guerra Mundial. Fue elegido entre otros 11 cuerpos de soldados o marineros sin identificar de las fuerzas armadas del Reino de Italia (1861-1946). El cuerpo fue transportado desde Aquilea (donde se realizó la ceremonia con Bergamas) hasta Roma, entre octubre y noviembre de 1921.
El monumento ha sufrido críticas desde que su construcción supuso la destrucción de un gran área de la Colina Capitolina, una de las colinas históricas de Roma, y donde se encontraba un barrio medieval. Para algunos, dicho monumento era demasiado grande y pomposo.12 En días soleados, este edificio puede llegar a ser muy brillante, pudiendo incluso ser molesto para la vista si se está cerca o dentro del recinto, dado su impoluto color blanco y su entorno urbano más oscuro. Al ser una construcción tan destacada en el panorama de Roma, ha recibido otras numerosas denominaciones. Desde su origen, los romanos lo llamaban la Zuppa Inglese (una especie de pastel), la tarta de bodas o la falsa boca. Cuando los soldados aliados llegaron a Roma en 1944 lo llamaron también la máquina de escribir, apodo que luego adoptarían los propios italianos. Ello se debe a que la fachada con las columnas no es recta, sino que adopta cierta forma en arco.
A pesar de todas las críticas que ha recibido a lo largo de su historia, el monumento a Víctor Manuel II atrae cada año a un gran número de visitantes. La apertura como foro público y lugar panorámico sobre el centro de Roma fue acogido por el antiguo presidente de la República Italiana, Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, permitiendo a la gente acercarse a dicha construcción y dándole así una mejor reputación.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monumento_a_V%C3%ADctor_Manuel_II
The Altare della Patria ([alˈtaːre della ˈpaːtrja]; English: "Altar of the Fatherland"), also known as the Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II ("National Monument to Victor Emmanuel II") or Il Vittoriano, is a monument built in honor of Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill.
The eclectic structure was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885. Established Italian sculptors, such as Leonardo Bistolfi and Angelo Zanelli, made its sculptures nationwide. [1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1925.[2]
The Vittoriano features stairways, Corinthian columns, fountains, an equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height reaches 81 m (266 ft).[2] It has a total area of 17,000 square metres.
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Unification.[2][3] In 2007, a panoramic lift was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360-degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of goddess Roma after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on 26 October 1921 from among 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place, to Rome and buried in a state funeral on 4 November 1921.
The flags of disbanded units of the Italian Armed Forces, as well as the flags of ships stricken from the naval register of the Italian Navy are stored at the Vittoriano in the so-called Shrine of the Flags (Sacrario delle Bandiere). The oldest flag on display is the flag of the 19th-century frigate Giuseppe Garibaldi. When an Italian military unit is reactivated its flag is taken from the Vittoriano and returned to the unit, which with the flag receives also the name, traditions, and military honors bestowed upon the flag over time.
Controversy
The monument, the largest in Rome, was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake.[5] The monument itself is often regarded as conspicuous,[5] pompous and too large.[3][6][7]
It has been described as being "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill".[8]
It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, built from "corpse-white marble" imported from Botticino in Brescia, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it. For its shape and conspicuous nature, Romans have given it a number of humorous and somewhat uncomplimentary nicknames, including la torta nuziale ("the wedding cake"), la dentiera ("the dentures"), macchina da scrivere ("the typewriter") and la zuppa inglese ("English soup" dessert, which refers to a trifle).
In the center of Le Douhet, a village just 12 kms north east of Saintes, is Saint Martial, a 12th century structure, that had to be stabilized by buttresses within the 15th century, when a steeple (not to be seen from here) was built.
The portal, erected in the typical Saintonge-style, is richly decorated. The well balanced "harmony" of the facade got destroyed, when the massive buttress on the left was added.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
In the 1930s, war planners for the USAAC saw that future wars, especially in the Pacific, would be fought over wider and wider ranges—ranges that the present bombers used by the service, such as the twin-engined Martin B-10, would never be able to adequately cover. By the mid-1930s, strategic bombing concepts as espoused by Guilio Douhet, Hugh Trenchard, and William “Billy” Mitchell were also gaining ground, and despite US Navy opposition, the USAAC went ahead with a long-range bomber proposal in 1934. This proposal required a bomber that would be able to fly 2000 miles at 10,000 feet or more, at speeds above 200 miles an hour. Douglas, Martin and Boeing all submitted designs.
Boeing’s design, the Model 299, was a scaled-down version of the massive XB-15 bomber the company had built in 1934. The XB-15 had been far too slow to survive even the fighters of its day, but the Model 299 was more streamlined, capable of carrying nearly 5000 pounds of bombs at 250 mph, and had five .30 caliber machine guns placed around the aircraft, most noticeably in a nose turret taken from the XB-15. This earned it the nickname “Flying Fortress” from the media, a name that stuck. Unfortunately, the Model 299 prototype crashed during the competition at Wright Field due to pilot error, and the Boeing aircraft carried a then-hefty price tag of nearly $100,000 an aircraft—twice as much as the winning design, the twin-engined Douglas B-18 Bolo.
While the USAAC ordered the Bolo, the Model 299 had shown enough promise that the USAAC also ordered 13 Y1B-17s as test aircraft in January 1936. These aircraft were slightly different than the Model 299, with the main difference switching the engines to the more powerful Wright R-1820 Cyclone, which would remain the Flying Fortress’ powerplant for the rest of its career. This in turn led to the USAAC ordering the Y1B-17 (redesignated B-17A) into production as the B-17B, which further streamlined the design, eliminating the bulky nose turret and enlarging the tail, giving the aircraft more of the “definitive” B-17 profile.
As World War II broke out in Europe, obstacles to B-17 procurement were eliminated, and the design was continually improved by Boeing. The B-17C added self-sealing fuel tanks and crew armor, replaced the “blister” waist gun mounts with more aerodynamic sliding panels, and added a ventral “gondola” below the aircraft to protect from attacks from below. This would be the first B-17 to see combat, as 20 B-17Cs were supplied to the Royal Air Force as Fortress Is. The Fortress I did not do well in combat, mainly due to flawed tactics by the British, who used them in three-aircraft raids from maximum altitude. However, the lessons learned from these early attempts were to be useful later. In the meantime, Boeing incorporated the B-17’s baptism of fire in the B-17D series, adding yet more armor for the crew, improved cooling for the engines, and replacing all but one of the seven .30 caliber machine guns with heavier .50s.
Though only 42 B-17Ds were produced, they would be among the first B-17s that would see combat: about half the number were deployed to the Philippines in anticipation of defending the then-American colony from Japanese invasion. The intention was that the B-17s would be able to reach Japanese bases on Formosa, attacking from high altitude; when news of the attack on Pearl Harbor reached the Philippines on 8 December 1941, General Douglas MacArthur intended to preemptively strike Formosa with his B-17 force. The Japanese struck first, catching two-thirds of the Philippines’ B-17 force on the ground at Clark Field and destroying them. This left a handful of B-17s operating from Del Monte, a plantation airstrip on the southernmost Filipino island of Mindoro. With such a paltry number of aircraft, the B-17s were unable to do much to delay the ultimately successful Japanese invasion, though Japanese fighter pilots acquired a respect for the heavily armed Flying Fortress. The surviving B-17s were ordered to retreat to Australia, evacuating vital personnel from the Philippines in the process, including MacArthur himself.
By this time, the B-17D was clearly obsolete and was replaced by the more advanced B-17E. The D models gradually returned to the United States, where a few served as staff transports and trainers until the end of the war, when they were scrapped. Today, only one B-17D is known to exist: The Swoose, which served in the Philippines as a bomber and in Australia as a transport. The Swoose is, as of this writing, being restored for display at the National Museum of the USAF at Wright-Patterson AFB.
The B-17D in the Malmstrom Museum’s model collection depicts that flown by one of the first American heroes of World War II, Colin Kelly. Kelly, as one of the crews that survived the bombing of Clark Field, flew from Del Monte with the 19th Bomb Group on 10 December 1941 in search of Japanese shipping. Finding a Japanese task force, he came in at low level and scored hits on a warship. Returning to Del Monte, Kelly came under heavy attack from A6M Zero fighters (including Saburo Sakai, who would be the top surviving Japanese ace of World War II). With the B-17 aflame, Kelly ordered the crew to bail out, staying behind to keep the aircraft level, and died when the aircraft exploded. Kelly’s story was reported in the United States, who desperately needed heroes in the dark early days of America’s involvement in World War II.
Kelly was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Service Cross and his son, then only a year old, given an automatic appointment to West Point by Presidential order; Kelly’s already heroic story was amplified considerably, to the point that it was reported he had dived his burning B-17 into the smokestack of the Japanese battleship Haruna, sinking it. In actuality, Kelly’s bombs had slightly damaged the light cruiser Natori, and the Haruna was nowhere near the Philippines at the time. Nonetheless, Kelly inspired an entire generation of American aviators throughout World War II. Though some of the Philippines’ B-17s were camouflaged, Kelly’s B-17D retained its prewar bare metal finish with early USAAC markings, including a red-white-blue striped rudder.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
Dimanche 14 septembre. Dernier jour. Excellente nuit à l'hôtel de la Bellepoule, à Rochefort, face au pont transbordeur. Départ pour Port-les-Barques, Île Madame cernée par la haute mer. Arrêt à Soubise pour les Rohan. Leur château (?) est l'actuel hôtel de ville. Pas de souvenir d'eux dans l'église (sauf les blasons ?). Visite très rapide de Rochefort, vue la Corderie Royale (mais pas visitée). Long arrêt à la très belle librairie maritime (achat de divers livres de et sur Loti). Agréable discussion avec la jeune femme qui tient l'officine (yeux verts et marron à tomber raide dingue). Sur la rive gauche, des chasseurs font un massacre de canards. Cap au nord, via Bord, église (gothique, construite par les Anglais ?) à St-Savinien où se tient une cérémonie de baptême. Long arrêt à Taillebourg où deux grands bâtiments du XVIIIe s. se fond face sur les hauteurs de la ville, près des ruines du château XVe s., beau parc, balustrade posée en 1840. Visite des extérieurs du château de Crazannes (XVe, XIXe s.) joli parc avec belle collection de dahlias. Se tient là un lendemain de mariage : mariée jetée dans la piscine, etc. Aller retour à Douhet pour voir l'église St-Martial (belle façade romane, **). Brocante au village, parvient à prendre une photo du château XVIIe s. à travers les grilles. Retour à Port d'Envaux pour visite du château de Panloy sous la houlette de son propriétaire (Jean, marquis de Grailly, d'une honorable famille de Guyenne (et du Bugey ?)). Visite expéditive mais pas inintéressante. Intérieurs en très mauvais état. Curieux ciment 1870 dans certaines pièces, joli mobilier. Arrêt à St-Saturnin pour jeter un œil à l'église. Deux manoirs à proximité dont un avec une énorme coquille St-Jacques sur une tour sans toi. Arrêt à Fenioux, somptueuse église (2,5 *) et lanterne des morts, émouvante. Eglise de Varaize (*). Long arrêt à Aulnay-de-Saintonge pour l'admirable église (*** ou ****) : façade parfaite, bel éclairage intérieur, nombreux chapiteaux et le tout parfaitement restauré (donc, pas trop). Hélas, curieux verger ? planté sur le flanc nord qui masquera l'ensemble dans quelques années. Dampierre-sur-Boutonne, visite des extérieurs du château renaissance (belle galerie). Jardins hélas voué aux bambins. Trop d'arbres, pas assez de vue et d'ampleur. Affreuse exposition d'un admirateur de Dali dans une salle près de l'accueil. Le tout a reçu un prix VMF ...Au triple galop à Surgères, église Notre-Dame. Façade très impressionnante (** ou ***) mais restaurée, apparemment. Beau chevet. Fête foraine à proximité. Pensées pour Julie en son pays natal. Route pour Niort, bouchons. Installé à l'Ibis Style. Dîner d'une choucroute (!) à la brasserie d'Alsace (!!). Belle journée, ciel couvert.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
The Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) also known as the Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument to Victor Emmanuel II) or "Il Vittoriano" is a controversial monument built in honor of Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill.
The eclectic structure was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Leonardo Bistolfi and Angelo Zanelli. It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1925. The monument is built of white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features stairways, Corinthian columns, fountains, an equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Unification. In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on 26 October 1921 from among 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on 4 November 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large. It has been described as being "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill." It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower. The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nicknames, such as "the wedding cake", whereas Romans commonly call it "the typewriter", although "the zuppa inglese" is also common. Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Italian President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
The Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) also known as the Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument to Victor Emmanuel II) or "Il Vittoriano" is a controversial monument built in honor of Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill.
The eclectic structure was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Leonardo Bistolfi and Angelo Zanelli. It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1925. The monument is built of white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features stairways, Corinthian columns, fountains, an equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Unification. In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on 26 October 1921 from among 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on 4 November 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large. It has been described as being "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill." It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower. The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nicknames, such as "the wedding cake", whereas Romans commonly call it "the typewriter", although "the zuppa inglese" is also common. Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Italian President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
San Martial, parish church of Le Douhet is a 12th century structure, that had to be stabilized by buttresses within the 15th century, when a steeple was built and the building got unbalanced and unstable.
The portal, erected in the typical Saintonge-style, is richly decorated. The inner archivolt has four angels flanking the Agnus Dei. Carved in a style similar to Fenioux and Aulnay. The outer archivolt is populated by the apostles and, seated on a throne in the center, God with a cross nimbus.
Eglise romane Saint-Martial ; commune du Douhet, Charente-Maritime 17, Poitou-Charentes, France
L'église du Douhet, dédiée à Saint Martial, est inscrite aux Monuments Historiques depuis le 1er Septembre 1915.
Sa façade et sa nef sont du XIe siècle. Son clocher est du début du XVe. Cet édifice intéressant malgré une certaine lourdeur d'ensemble, n'est pas aussi connu qu'il mériterait de l'être car sa façade est une des plus ornée de la Saintonge. Le clocher, massive construction carrée, a sa plateforme couronnée d'une courte pyramide de pierre, encadrée aux angles de quatre pyramidons à crochets. La nef est abondamment étayée sur son coté Nord par de gros contreforts qui témoignent des inquiétudes inspirées par l'édifice au cours des siècles passés. La façade, à deux étages terminée par un pignon obtus, présente un vaste portail en plein-cintre encadré de deux baies aveugles. Les voussures de ces trois baies portées par des colonnes (quelques-unes baguées) à chapiteaux très historiés, sont ornées d'une riche décoration. Un bandeau réunit tous les chapiteaux et va d'une extrémité à l'autre. On y peut admirer de nombreuses scènes bibliques et des feuillages d'une belle exécution. Parmi les divers sujets représentés il y a lieu de remarquer le Christ et ses Apôtres, un Agneau pascal dans une gloire ronde et peut-être un Péché Originel.
Cette dernière scène est très curieuse. Une femme debout, à laquelle un énorme serpent parle à l'oreille, semble tenir par les cheveux un homme agenouillé à sa droite qui, de la main gauche, lui relève la robe jusqu'au dessus du genou. D'un côté Dieu le père accompagné d'un ange ailé, croise bizarrement les jambes et paraît exécuter un pas de danse. De l'autre un personnage, armé d'un bâton ou d'une épée, en menace la femme.
Au-dessus du rez-de-chaussée et appuyées sur une corniche à modifions se développent trois grandes baies dont deux aveugle: portées par des groupes de colonnes à chapiteaux. L'intérieur de l'édifice est particulièrement sombre du fait des fenêtres rares et très étroites. Les quatre travées de la nef séparées par des colonnes demi-engagées à chapiteaux nus sont recouvertes d'une voûte de pierre en berceau.
Le choeur compte deux travées, dont l'une très courte et ses colonnes sont surmontées de chapiteaux à dragons. L'abside demi-circulaire a sa voûte en cul-de-four ornée d'une gloire en grisaille du XVIIIe siècle avec nuages, triangle, rayons etc. Cette décoration était fréquente autrefois. Ellle a presque complètement disparu. Le chevet, sobrement éclairé par des petites fenêtres romanes, est coupé entre le choeur et l'abside par un mur percé d'un arc en plein-cintre qui porte le clocher.
(extrait de : chapiteaux.free.fr/TXT_le-douhet.html ; auteur : Charles Connoué)
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument to Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument built in honour of Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Leonardo Bistolfi and Angelo Zanelli. It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1925.
The monument is built of white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features stairways, Corinthian columns, fountains, an equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on 26 October 1921 from among 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on 4 November 1921.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
Nel 1920, l'allora colonnello Giulio Douhet, sulla scorta di analoghe iniziative già attuate in Francia ed in altri Paesi coinvolti nella "Grande Guerra", propose per primo in Italia di onorare i caduti italiani le cui salme non furono identificate con la creazione di un monumento al milite ignoto a Roma.
Venne quindi deciso di creare la tomba del Milite Ignoto nel complesso monumentale del Vittoriano in piazza Venezia, Roma. Sotto la statua della dea Roma, sarebbe stata tumulata la salma di un soldato italiano sconosciuto, selezionata tra quelle dei caduti della Prima guerra mondiale. La scelta venne affidata a Maria Bergamas, madre del volontario irredento Antonio Bergamas che aveva disertato dall'esercito austriaco per unirsi a quello italiano ed era caduto in combattimento senza che il suo corpo fosse ritrovato.
Il 26 ottobre 1921, nella Basilica di Aquileia, Maria scelse il corpo di un soldato tra undici altre salme di caduti non identificabili, raccolti in diverse aree del fronte. La donna venne posta di fronte a undici bare allineate, e dopo essere passata davanti alle prime, non riuscì a proseguire nella ricognizione e gridando il nome del figlio si accasciò al suolo davanti a una bara, che venne scelta. La bara prescelta fu collocata sull'affusto di un cannone e, accompagnata da reduci decorati con la Medaglia d'oro al Valore Militare e più volte feriti, fu deposta in un carro ferroviario appositamente disegnato.
Le altre dieci salme rimaste ad Aquileia furono tumulate nel cimitero di guerra che circonda il tempio romano.
Il viaggio si compì sulla linea Aquileia-Roma, passando per Udine, Treviso, Venezia, Padova, Rovigo, Ferrara, Bologna, Pistoia, Prato, Firenze, Arezzo, Chiusi, Orvieto a velocità moderatissima in modo che presso ciascuna stazione la popolazione avesse modo di onorare il caduto simbolo. Furono molti gli Italiani che attesero, a volte anche per ore, il passaggio del convoglio al fine di poter rendere onore al caduto. Il treno infatti si fermò praticamente in tutte le stazioni. La cerimonia ebbe il suo epilogo nella capitale. Tutte le rappresentanze dei combattenti, delle vedove e delle madri dei caduti, con il Re Vittorio Emanuele III d'Italia in testa, e le bandiere di tutti i reggimenti mossero incontro al Milite Ignoto, che da un gruppo di decorati di medaglia d'oro fu portato nella Basilica di Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri. La salma venne posta nel monumento il 4 novembre 1921;
L'epigrafe riporta la scritta Ignoto militi e le date MCMXV (1915) e MCMXVIII (1918), gli anni di inizio e fine del conflitto. Nel corso degli anni 30 il feretro del Milite Ignoto venne traslato nella cripta interna del Vittoriano denominata sacello del Milite Ignoto dove tutt'ora si trova. Parti della cripta e del sepolcro sono realizzate con materiali lapidei provenienti dalle montagne teatro degli scontri della prima guerra mondiale (tra cui il Grappa e il Carso)
Nel 2011, dal 29 ottobre al 2 novembre, in occasione delle celebrazioni per i 150 anni dell'Unità d'Italia e del novantesimo anniversario della traslazione della salma da Aquileia a Roma, vi fu la rievocazione storica del viaggio in treno.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
The Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) or Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) or "Il Vittoriano" is a monument to honour Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill. The monument was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Angelo Zanelli.[1] It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1935.[2]
The monument, "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill",[3] is built of pure white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features majestic stairways, tall Corinthian columns, fountains, a huge equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The structure is 135 m (443 ft) wide and 70 m (230 ft) high. If the quadrigae and winged victories are included, the height is to 81 m (266 ft).[2]
The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Reunification.[2][4] In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on October 26, 1921 from amongst 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on November 4, 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large.[4][6][7] It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower.[2] The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nickname, such as "the wedding cake" and Romans as "the typewriter".[8] Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Former President of the Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.
t was featured in the 2003 movie The Core where it collapses due to being struck by huge bolts of lightning. It was also featured in the 1987 movie The Belly of an Architect by Peter Greenaway.
O Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (Monumento Nacional de Vitório Emanuel II) ou Altare della Patria (Altar da Pátria) ou "Il Vittoriano" é um monumento no centro de Roma em honra a Vitório Emanuel, o primeiro rei da Itália unificada. O monumento está entre a Piazza Venezia e o Monte Capitolino. "Il Vittoriano" foi projeto por Giuseppe Sacconi em 1885; suas esculturas foram feitas pelos melhores escultores da Itália, entre eles Angelo Zanelli. O monumento foi inaugurado em 1911 e completado em 1935.
O monumento "esculpido com terrível brutalidade no imensamente complicado tecido da montanha" foi construído de marmore branco puro de Botticino, Brescia e possui magníficas escadarías, altas colunas Coríntias, fontes, uma escultura gigantesca de Vitório Emanuel e duas estátuas da deusa Vitória manejando uma quadriga. A estrutura possui 135m de largura e 70m de altura. Incluindo as quadridas e vitórias com asas a estrutura totaliza 81m.
Na base do monumento está localizada o museu da Reunificação Italiana. Em 2007 um elevador panorâmico foi acrescentado à estrutura, permitindo que visitantes subam ao topo para uma visão de 360 graus de Roma. (tradução do texto em inglês da Wikipedia)
O Monumento a Vittorio Emanuele II também chamado por Il Vittoriano situa-se em plena Piazza Venezia na cidade de Roma. O monumento homenageia Vittorio Emanuele II, primeiro Rei de Itália Unificada. O mármore branco com que foi construído fá-lo destoar do resto da cidade sendo por isso alvo de chacota pelo romanos que lhe chamam "Bolo de Casamento" e "Máquina de Escrever".
Este monumento foi erigido entre 1885 e 1911 para honrar a memória do primeiro rei de Itália - recordemos que até ao século XIX, Itália não era um país como tal. Foi objecto de numerosos debates: A sua brancura foi criticada, Mussolini inicialmente quis mesmo destruí-lo e mais tarde usou-o como ponto de partida dos seus desfiles...
Chamaram-lhe de "máquina de escrever", "mijadeiro de Itália"... Agora mesmo foi "absolvido" por ser considerado um monumento histórico testemunho fundamental de uma época da história italiana. Os melhores artistas da época trabalharam neste monumento.
Louis Jacques André Baud naît en 1903 à La Réole (Gironde). Après des études secondaires, il entre à l'Ecole des Beaux arts de Bourges qu'il fréquente de 1920 à 1923. Il y obtient le Grand Prix de la Céramique.
Il poursuit ses études à l'École des Arts Appliqués à l'Industrie de Paris de 1923 à 1926 et obtient en 1925 une récompense à l'Exposition internationale des Arts décoratifs.
Il effectue alors de nombreux stages dans des ateliers d'art et des établissements industriels et participe à de nombreuses expositions (Salon des Indépendants, Salon d'Automne, Salon des Artistes décorateurs.....)
En 1940, il épouse Micheline Bour. En 1942, le couple s'installe à Vallauris, dans une usine qu'il loue, puis qu'il achètera quelques années plus tard. Il commence alors une production de poteries culinaires et utilitaires tout en développant des pièces plus décoratives. Il participe activement à l'âge d'or de Vallauris avec des céramistes tels que Suzanne et Georges Ramié, Robert Picault, Roger Capron, Jean Derval.
Il participe alors à de nombreuses expositions, tant en France qu'à l' étranger: Québec, Sydney, Londres, Montréal, Budapest, Stockholm, Bruxelles, USA, Italie...
André Baud devient président de l'A.V.E.C (Association Vallaurienne, d'Expansion Céramique) de 1959 à 1962 et vice président de la commission municipale aux affaires culturelles.
En 1969, il vend son usine, après une accumulation de problèmes financiers.
Il s’installe alors dans les Charentes, dans sa maison familiale, achète un four et tente d’y relancer sa carrière . Après une exposition remarquée au château du Douhet, il partage sa vie entre les Charentes et Nice où résident son épouse et son fils. Il décède en septembre 1986.
The Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) also known as the Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument to Victor Emmanuel II) or "Il Vittoriano" is a controversial monument built in honor of Victor Emmanuel, the first king of a unified Italy, located in Rome, Italy. It occupies a site between the Piazza Venezia and the Capitoline Hill.
The eclectic structure was designed by Giuseppe Sacconi in 1885; sculpture for it was parceled out to established sculptors all over Italy, such as Leonardo Bistolfi and Angelo Zanelli. It was inaugurated in 1911 and completed in 1925. The monument is built of white marble from Botticino, Brescia, and features stairways, Corinthian columns, fountains, an equestrian sculpture of Victor Emmanuel and two statues of the goddess Victoria riding on quadrigas. The base of the structure houses the museum of Italian Unification. In 2007, a panoramic elevator was added to the structure, allowing visitors to ride up to the roof for 360 degree views of Rome.
The monument holds the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier with an eternal flame, built under the statue of Italy after World War I following an idea of General Giulio Douhet. The body of the unknown soldier was chosen on 26 October 1921 from among 11 unknown remains by Maria Bergamas, a woman from Gradisca d'Isonzo whose only child was killed during World War I. Her son's body was never recovered. The selected unknown was transferred from Aquileia, where the ceremony with Bergamas had taken place to Rome and buried in a state funeral on 4 November 1921.
The monument was controversial since its construction destroyed a large area of the Capitoline Hill with a Medieval neighbourhood for its sake. The monument itself is often regarded as pompous and too large. It has been described as being "chopped with terrible brutality into the immensely complicated fabric of the hill." It is clearly visible to most of the city of Rome despite being boxy in general shape and lacking a dome or a tower. The monument is also glaringly white, making it highly conspicuous amidst the generally brownish buildings surrounding it, and its stacked, crowded nature has lent it several nicknames. Foreign people sometimes refer to the structure by a variety of nicknames, such as "the wedding cake", whereas Romans commonly call it "the typewriter", although "the zuppa inglese" is also common. Despite all this criticism, the monument still attracts a large number of visitors. Italian President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi fostered the opening of the Vittoriano as a public forum and viewpoint over the City core. This new accessibility allowed visitors to become familiar with the landmark, enabling it to grow in popular, if not critical, reputation.