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Israeli soldiers rest before an exercise in built up area on July 3, 2018 in Tzeelim, South Israel. The soldiers practiced fighting in the Gaza Strip against Hamas militants.
Source: Getty Images Europe
One of the earliest purpose-built artillery blockhouses in England, this Cow Tower was built in about 1398-1399 to command a strategic point in Norwich’s city defence.
Air Defence Battalion:
- Battalion/Battery HQ:
6x L82A1 Riflemen
1x Warrior IFV
1x M103 MCV
1x MX-14 Truck
- Anti-Air Missile Battery:
4x L82A1 Riflemen
3x MLT Trucks
2x MX-17 with troop shelter/fire control
1x MX-17 with Air Search Radar
- MANPADS Team
6x L82A1 Riflemen
8x MANPADS equipped L82A1 Riflemen (Paid for as MANPADS)
2x Leyland DAF Trucks (Glorfindel)
- RAPIER LADT
13x L82A1 Riflemen (8x= RAPIER Crewmen w/ Rifles)
1x Land Rover (LWB)
3x Leyland DAF Trucks (Glorfindel)
2x MANPADS equipped L82A1 Riflemen (Paid for as MANPADS)
2x RAPIER Mk.1 SAM's
- Mobile AAA Unit
6x L82A1 Riflemen
3x Milda IV Mobile AAA
1x Leyland DAF Truck
2x Land Rovers (LWB)
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12-05-2023
Photo : Kevin Moroy - Spotters 70 Aviation
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Belfast (/ˈbɛl.fɑːst/ or /ˈbɛl.fæst/; from Irish: Béal Feirste, meaning "mouth of the sandbanks") is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland, on the River Lagan. At the 2011 census, it had a population of 286,000. Belfast was granted city status in 1888.
Belfast was a centre of the Irish linen, tobacco processing, rope-making and shipbuilding industries: in the early 20th century, Harland and Wolff, which built the RMS Titanic, was the biggest and most productive shipyard in the world. Belfast played a key role in the Industrial Revolution, and was a global industrial centre until the latter half of the 20th century. Industrialisation and the inward migration it brought made Belfast the biggest city in Ireland at the beginning of the 20th century, and industrial and economic success was cited by unionist opponents of Home Rule as a reason why Ulster should fight to resist it.
Today, Belfast remains a centre for industry, as well as the arts, higher education, business, and law, and is the economic engine of Northern Ireland. The city suffered greatly during the period of conflict called "the Troubles", but latterly has undergone a sustained period of calm, free from the intense political violence of former years, and substantial economic and commercial growth. Additionally, Belfast city centre has undergone considerable expansion and regeneration in recent years, notably around Victoria Square.
Belfast is served by two airports: George Best Belfast City Airport in the city, and Belfast International Airport 15 miles (24 km) west of the city. Belfast is a major port, with commercial and industrial docks dominating the Belfast Lough shoreline, including the Harland and Wolff shipyard, and is listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) as a global city.
Name
The name Belfast is derived from the Irish Béal Feirsde, which was later spelled Béal Feirste. The word béal means "mouth" or "rivermouth" while feirsde/feirste is the genitive singular of fearsaid and refers to a sandbar or tidal fordacross a river's mouth. The name would thus translate literally as "(river) mouth of the sandbar" or "(river) mouth of the ford". This sandbar was formed at the confluence of two rivers at what is now Donegall Quay: the Lagan, which flows into Belfast Lough, and its tributary the Farset. This area was the hub around which the original settlement developed. The Irish name Béal Feirste is shared by a townland in County Mayo, whose name has been anglicised as Belfarsad.
An alternative interpretation of the name is "mouth of [the river] of the sandbar", an allusion to the River Farset, which flows into the Lagan where the sandbar was located. This interpretation was favoured by Edmund Hoganand John O'Donovan. It seems clear, however, that the river itself was named after the tidal crossing.
In Ulster Scots the name of the city is Bilfawst or Bilfaust, although "Belfast" is also used.
History
The site of Belfast has been occupied since the Bronze Age. The Giant's Ring, a 5,000-year-old henge, is located near the city, and the remains of Iron Age hill forts can still be seen in the surrounding hills. Belfast remained a small settlement of little importance during the Middle Ages. John de Courcy built a castle on what is now Castle Street in the city centre in the 12th century, but this was on a lesser scale and not as strategically important as Carrickfergus Castle to the north, which was built by de Courcy in 1177. The O'Neill clan had a presence in the area.
In the 14th century, Cloinne Aodha Buidhe, descendants of Aodh Buidhe O'Neill built Grey Castle at Castlereagh, now in the east of the city. Conn O'Neill of the Clannaboy O'Neills owned vast lands in the area and was the last inhabitant of Grey Castle, one remaining link being the Conn's Water river flowing through east Belfast.
Belfast became a substantial settlement in the 17th century after being established as a town by Sir Arthur Chichester, which was initially settled by Protestant English and Scottish migrants at the time of the Plantation of Ulster. (Belfast and County Antrim, however, did not form part of this particular Plantation scheme as they were privately colonised.) In 1791, the Society of United Irishmen was founded in Belfast, after Henry Joy McCracken and other prominent Presbyterians from the city invited Theobald Wolfe Tone and Thomas Russell to a meeting, after having read Tone's "Argument on Behalf of the Catholics of Ireland". Evidence of this period of Belfast's growth can still be seen in the oldest areas of the city, known as the Entries.
Belfast blossomed as a commercial and industrial centre in the 18th and 19th centuries and became Ireland's pre-eminent industrial city. Industries thrived, including linen, rope-making, tobacco, heavy engineering and shipbuilding, and at the end of the 19th century, Belfast briefly overtook Dublin as the largest city in Ireland. The Harland and Wolff shipyards became one of the largest shipbuilders in the world, employing up to 35,000 workers. In 1886 the city suffered intense riots over the issue of home rule, which had divided the city.
In 1920–22, Belfast became the capital of the new entity of Northern Ireland as the island of Ireland was partitioned. The accompanying conflict (the Irish War of Independence) cost up to 500 lives in Belfast, the bloodiest sectarian strife in the city until the Troubles of the late 1960s onwards.
The Troubles
Belfast has been the capital of Northern Ireland since its establishment in 1921 following the Government of Ireland Act 1920. It had been the scene of various episodes of sectarian conflict between its Catholic and Protestant populations. These opposing groups in this conflict are now often termed republican and loyalist respectively, although they are also referred to as 'nationalist' and 'unionist'. The most recent example of this conflict was known as the Troubles – a civil conflict that raged from around 1969 to 1998.
Belfast saw some of the worst of the Troubles in Northern Ireland, particularly in the 1970s, with rival paramilitary groups formed on both sides. Bombing, assassination and street violence formed a backdrop to life throughout the Troubles. The Provisional IRA detonated 22 bombs within the confines of Belfast city centre in 1972, on what is known as "Bloody Friday", killing eleven people. Loyalist paramilitaries including the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) and the Ulster Defence Association (UDA) claimed that the killings they carried out were in retaliation for the IRA campaign. Most of their victims were Catholics with no links to the Provisional IRA. A particularly notorious group, based on the Shankill Road in the mid-1970s, became known as the Shankill Butchers.
In all, over 1,600 people were killed in political violence in the city between 1969 and 2001. Sporadic violent events continue as of 2015, although not supported by the previous antagonists who had reached political agreement in 1998.
Botswana Defence Force Millitary Hardware on Parade at the 50th Independence Celebration.
All Images courtesy of Botswana Aviation Art
Looking towards Caulderton from Sea Mill in February 1992 perched on the moraine bluff described in the previous caption. The sea defences on the right of the picture were severely damaged by storms in October 1996.
60077 Canisp heads the afternoon Padiham-Workington coal empties (ex Yeoman/ARC POAs) towards St.Bees.
KARACHI: September06 – Cadets of Pakistan Air Force, Risalpur Academy prepares to take over the charge during change of guard ceremony at mausoleum of Father of the Nation Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah on the eve of Pakistan Defence Day. APP photo by Jahangir Khan
The 13th Battalion of the Golani Brigade during a drill held in the Golan Heights, northern Israel. The NAMER ("Tiger"), a new vehicle combining the artillery abilities of the Merkava tank and the APC's shielding capacities, was fully integrated in this drill for the first time, improving the battle tactics used by the IDF in the field. August 21, 2012
Photo by Cpl. Shay Wagner – Israel Defence Force
Spitbank Fort.
Spitbank Fort or Spitsand Fort or Spit Sand Fort or simply Spit Fort is a sea fort built as a result of the 1859 Royal Commission.
The fort is one of four built as part of the Palmerston Forts constructions. Located in the Solent, near Portsmouth, England, and is now in private ownership following its sale after a period as a luxury hotel.
Israeli Soldiers from the Caracal Battalion during their basic training – 2012
The Caracal Battalion is an infantry combat battalion of the Israel Defense Forces, composed of both male and female soldiers, of both Jewish and Arab descent.[It is named after the Caracal, a small cat whose sexes appear the same. As of 2009, approximately 70% of the battalion was female.It is part of the 512th "Sagi" Brigade of Israel's Southern territorial command.
Prior to Caracal's formation in 2000, women had been prevented from serving in direct combat positions with the IDF. The unit has since been tasked with patrolling the Israeli-Egyptian border. It took part in Israel's unilateral withdrawal from the Gaza Strip in the summer of 2005.
The unit badge, adopted in 2009, incorporates the Sagi Brigade badge, with the addition of the Caracal cat.
New recruits in the Caracal Battalion, are issued the Israeli-made Tavor assault rifle. Battalion members partake in a four-month basic training period that includes physical training at the Givati Brigade training base.
Soldiers specialize in various weapons including machine guns, advanced weaponry, grenades, and mortars.
All female soldiers who join the battalion are required to sign up for a third year of military service, the same as their male counterparts. The men are drawn from Nahal garinim, or have volunteered.
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Camera: Canon Rebel XTi (400D)
Lens: Canon 50mm f1.4
Focal Length: 50mm
ISO: 400
Exposure: 1/100 sec at f / 3.2
Exposure Bias: 1/3 EV
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Nutzungbedingungen für dieses Bild / Terms of use for this picture
Situated in 388metres altitude, the Fort of Douaumont dominates the battlefield. Its construction started in 1884.
Rebuilt several times and equipped with the most powerful artillery rooms of the time, it was considered to be the centrepiece of the fortification ring protecting the city of Verdun in 1914.
Due to the lack of means of defence the Fort of Douaumont falls into the hands of the Germans on 25th February 1916.
Designed to accommodate 650 people, it sheltered almost 3000 German soldiers during 8 months. After numerous extremely murderous attempts of retaking the fort, people had to wait until 24th October 1916 so that the colonial infantry troops of Morocco were able to recapture it.
Source: Tourism-Verdun website
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Model:- Moth
©Moth
As part of Defence Expo 2018 Exhibition at Thiruvidanthai, an Airshow took place on 14042018. Photos taken are presented here
07-D-76758 Ireland Civil Defence Ford Transit Mini Bus World Rescue Change Fire Service College 2014
The ‘Boom Defence’ was a metal net suspended underwater to protect the Grand Harbour from any surface or underwater attack, being lifted and lowered as required. This system was built in 1909 and saw use from 1935-1945 in particular.
Rimon Training in the Jordan Valley
Soldiers from the elite Rimon Battalion, part of the Commando Brigade participated in an all night exercise in the Jordan Valley.
Photo by: Staff Sergeant Alexi Rosenfeld, IDF Spokesperson's Unit
Estonian Defence Force Soldiers from the Scoutspataljon during a Vehicle and foot patrol in Gao, Mali.
Photos: maat Maria Tõkke
Taken at Shoeburyness. This "ex pier" turns out to be a defence boom - constructed during WWII. Apparently it runs nearly 2 miles out to sea. A second boom was built on the Isle of Sheppey, opposite Shoeburyness to create a submarine trap for U-Boats. The boom was reinforced with concrete during the Cold War.