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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Nanking Massacre, commonly known as the Rape of Nanking, was an infamous war crime committed by the Japanese military in Nanjing (Nanking), then the capital of the Republic of China, after it fell to the Imperial Japanese Army on December 13, 1937. The duration of the massacre is not clearly defined, although the violence lasted well into the next six weeks, until early February 1938.
During the occupation of Nanking, the Japanese army committed numerous atrocities, such as rape, looting, arson and the execution of prisoners of war and civilians. Although the executions began under the pretext of eliminating Chinese soldiers disguised as civilians, it is claimed that a large number of innocent men were intentionally identified as enemy combatants and executed as the massacre gathered momentum. A large number of women and children were also killed, as rape and murder became more widespread.
According to the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, estimates made at a later date indicate that the total number of civilians and prisoners of war murdered in Nanking and its vicinity during the first six weeks of the Japanese occupation was over 200,000. That these estimates are not exaggerated is borne out by the fact that burial societies and other organizations counted more than 155,000 buried bodies. Most were bound with their hands tied behind their backs. These figures do not take into account those persons whose bodies were destroyed by burning, by throwing them into the Yangtze River, or otherwise disposed of by the Japanese.[1] The extent of the atrocities is debated between China and Japan, with numbers[2] ranging from some Japanese claims of several hundred,[3] to the Chinese claim of a non-combatant death toll of 300,000[4]. A number of Japanese researchers consider 100,000 – 200,000 to be an approximate value.[5] Other nations usually believe the death toll to be between 150,000–300,000.[6] This number was first promulgated in January of 1938 by Harold Timperly, a journalist in China during the Japanese invasion, based on reports from contemporary eyewitnesses. Other sources, including Iris Chang's The Rape of Nanking, also conclude that the death toll reached 300,000. In December 2007, newly declassified U.S. government documents revealed an additional toll of around 500,000 in the area surrounding Nanking before it was occupied.[7]
In addition to the number of victims, some Japanese nationalists have even disputed whether the atrocity ever happened.[8] While the Japanese government has acknowledged the incident did occur,[9] some Japanese nationalists have argued, partly using the Imperial Japanese Army's claims at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, that the death toll was military in nature and that no such civilian atrocities ever occurred. This claim has been criticised by various figures, citing statements of non-Chinese at the Tribunal, other eyewitnesses and by photographic and archaeological evidence that civilian deaths did occur.
Condemnation of the massacre is a major focal point of Chinese nationalism. In Japan, however, public opinion over the severity of the massacre remains widely divided — this is evidenced by the fact that whereas some Japanese commentators refer to it as the 'Nanking massacre' (南京大虐殺, Nankin daigyakusatsu?), others use the more ambivalent term 'Nanking Incident' (南京事件, Nankin jiken?). However, this term can also refer to a separate Nanjing Incident that occurred during the 1927 Nationalist seizure of the city as a part of the Northern Expedition, in which foreigners in the city were attacked. The 1937 massacre and the extent of its coverage in school textbooks continues to be a point of contention and controversy in Sino-Japanese relations.
The Co-op trying too hard to get their message across results in a double negative. This is a large sign on a pillar in the recently refurbished Rothwell Co-op store. - Edit - The sign has now been replaced with a corrected one - probably because I sent a copy to head office!
Ramapo College is committed to creating a safe and healthy environment. This shared responsibility will require everyone to follow health and safety guidelines and practices, both on and off campus. Please get ready to help keep a healthy campus. www.ramapo.edu/return/health-and-safety/
"The European Parliament remains strongly committed to the European future of the Western Balkans," EP President Jerzy Buzek said at the Joint Parliamentary Meeting bringing together politicians from the EU and Western Balkans Wednesday and Thursday. Participants agreed that the future of the countries lies with the EU but underlined some of the challenges and problems that still have to be overcome.
"The reunification of Europe will not be completed without the Western Balkans as part of the European Union...But each of these countries holds its European future in its hands. And the pace of accession depends on progress on key reforms. They have to deliver on their commitments," Commission President José Manuel Barroso (in the photo) added.
Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán warned, "If EU does not integrate them, someone else will." The Western Balkans has potential, but it has to accept and respect common EU values. Croatia can provide an example to the other countries in the region, he added.
www.europarl.europa.eu/en/headlines/content/20110408STO17...
© European Union 2011 PE-EP/Pietro Naj-Oleari
The Baymont Inn & Suites is committed to providing you with top notch lodging at amazing prices. Beautiful rooms. Beautiful prices. For beautiful people like you. Start your visit to Des Moines the right way by checking into the Baymont Inn and Suites of Des Moines! Your stay is welcomed by an immaculate lobby for you and your guests, followed by exceptional customer service by our hosts. Post check-in, you may be interested in relaxing at the wonderful indoor pool that also features a great hot tub and fitness facility. Towels are always made available for you and your guests located inside the pool area!
Within the vicinity, there are several restaurants for you to enjoy. Iowa Beef Steakhouse is only a half mile from the hotel. This restaurant was voted #1 for the Finest Steak House In Des Moines in 2005. The other restaurants near the hotel are: Bonanza Buffet, Plaza Mexico, Country Kitchen, and Village Inn.
Venues such as the Civic Center, Hoyt Sherman Auditorium, Wells Fargo Arena, and Des Moines playhouse are all within 7 miles of this hotel. You can view all upcoming events by going to www.eventful.com!!!
"Great King Sized Jacuzzi Suite"
Jackie W. - Past Guest
"Best Continental Breakfast"
Past Guest
Amenities
•Complimentary HOT deluxe breakfast
•Complimentary USA Today
•Complimentary Wireless Internet
•Free Local Calls
•Business Services - Fax, Print, Email
•ATM
•Vending Machine
•Indoor Pool
•Hot Tub
•Exercise Room
•In Room Microwave
•In Room Refrigerator
•In Room Hairdryer
•In Room Iron and Board
•In Room Coffee Pot
•Large Work Desks
•Cable Television With Premium Channels
Meeting Facilities
•Two Large Meeting Facilities
•Meeting Room Can Accommodate 130 People
•On Site Catering Service/Garden Courtyard/Hospitality Room Available/Audio & Visual Equipment Included
Check out the beautiful jacuzzi suites while you are here! These are for 21 and up. Anyone under 21 must be accompanied by parent or guardian.
Baymont Inn presents eight different Jacuzzi Suites for guest enjoyment. During Valentine's weekend, the suites start to book from December. The guest may choose from 8 different styles. As of March 2009, the following styles are available:
•Luxury
•Japanese
•Canopy Bed
•Floral
Each suite features a 2-person hot tub with power jets. You will also find in-room amenities such as coffee pot, iron, microwave, refrigerator, and hairdryer! In the morning, please enjoy complimentary hot breakfast served from 6-9 am. We look forward to meeting you!
4685 Northeast 14th Street, Des Moines, IA 50313
Phone (515) 265-4777
Fax (515) 262-7469
Wednesday 30 September 2020, saw the attestation ceremonies of Greater Manchester Police's latest special constables.
The socially distanced ceremonies saw them swear the Police Oath in front of magistrate Stephen Paine JP and assume their powers as constables.
Dr. Eamonn O’Neal, High Sheriff of Greater Manchester joined Special Constabulary Chief Officer Mike Walmsley MBE and Chief Superintendent Stuart Ellison welcomed the new recruits to the force.
The special constabulary works alongside the regular force with special constables having the same powers and responsibilities as full time officers.
The role of special constable is part-time and voluntary. The history of the office can be traced back many centuries.
Greater Manchester Police’s Special Constabulary is an integral part of the wider Policing family, providing a flexible, visible, responsive and committed resource which assists us to improve the service we deliver to the people.
You should call 101, the national non-emergency number, to report crime and other concerns that do not require an emergency response.
Always call 999 in an emergency, such as when a crime is in progress, violence is being used or threatened or where there is danger to life.
You can also call anonymously with information about crime to Crimestoppers on 0800 555 111. Crimestoppers is an independent charity who will not want your name, just your information. Your call will not be traced or recorded and you do not have to go to court or give a statement.
You can access many of our services online at www.gmp.police.uk
Saturday 4 September 2010. - Football - Ryman League Div 1 South. - Ramsgate FC 3 v Worthing FC 3. - Southwood Stadium, Prices Avenue, Ramsgate, Thanet, Kent, UK. - #8 Liam Quinn challenging for the ball.
We are committed to educating & supporting you with your child's autism & making their world a better, more fulfilling experience.
Autism Untangled LLC
10017 NE 153rd St
Bothell, WA 98011
Phone: (425) 354-5884
Contact Person: Cheryl Driscoll
Contact Email: cdriscoll@autismuntangled.com
Website: www.autismuntangled.com
You Tube URL: www.youtube.com/watch?v=cOq6VmlnnEo
Main Keywords:
autism, autistic children, autism research, autism in children, autism products, autism, autistic child, autism research, child with autism, autism is, about autism, autism in children, toys for autistic children
Jeff Gordon Chevrolet is committed to your complete satisfaction and we're pleased to announce that we'll be hosting the Chevrolet MyLink Workshop 101 at our Award Winning Dealership in Wilmington, North Carolina.
MyLink is Life. Simply Connected.
Life doesn’t stop while you’re in your car, so why should you? With Chevrolet MyLink† you’ll stay connected to everything most important to you and more while you’re out and about. Technology for your comfort, convenience and safety is all at your fingertips. Speak to friends, family and colleagues safely while driving. Enjoy your favorite music or news programs. And that’s just the beginning. So what is Chevrolet MyLink? It’s your life simply connected.
Pairing up your device
With MyLink, pairing your compatible smartphone is simple with Bluetooth® streaming audio†. Make or answer calls safely while driving, or access your contact list in a variety of ways. There’s even a USB port† to connect your mobile device or portable hard drive, so you’re never without your favorite music.
Touch Screen Display
With the MyLink color touchscreen display, technology features for your comfort and convenience are always at your fingertips. Customize the screen layout to your personal preferences, and enjoy access to available navigation, entertainment and other features with ease.
Be Entertained
Only your favorites
With the extensive entertainment features of MyLink, every ride has the potential to become so much more. You’ll find yourself looking forward to the next time you have to get in the car and go.
Imagine starting your vehicle and having whatever you want to listen to at your fingertips. After pairing your device, you can even connect to the latest in music offerings through Pandora® Internet Radio† or catch up on the latest news and entertainment programming through Stitcher Smart Radio™† on select vehicles. You can even access over 140 channels of commercial-free music, sports, talk, entertainment and more with SiriusXM Satellite Radio†. It’s technology that will keep you entertained while your hands stay safely on the steering wheel. Driving was never meant to be a chore, and with MyLink it never will be.
Smartphone App Integration
Pandora is free, personalized radio that plays music and comedy you’ll love with the Pandora® mobile app on your compatible smartphone†. Just start with the name of one of your favorite songs, artists, comedians or composers and Pandora will create a custom station just for you. There’s no need to worry about missing your favorite news Internet broadcast or entertainment podcast. With the streaming capabilities of Stitcher™ Smart Radio† on select vehicles, they’re all available to you according to your schedule. Save your favorites and they’ll be updated automatically once available. With MyLink, you can access the apps right from the color touch screen once your smartphone is connected.
USB Connectivity
All your favorite songs and playlists can come with you on the ride. MyLink offers options when it comes to connecting. An easy-to-use USB port† connects your mobile device or music loaded flash drive right to the MyLink system so you can access playlists, music files and more. Control that music and media through the 7-inch diagonal color touch screen or with voice control† making it easy to stay entertained while keeping your eyes safely on the road and devices stored away. It even charges certain mobile devices while they’re connected. Now you can have your own customized soundtrack for every ride
Voice Control
MyLink enables speech recognition that lets you use simple voice commands to initiate phone calls, select radio stations or play music from your compatible smartphone, MP3 player or a music-loaded flash drive. All you have to do is tap a button on your steering wheel and speak a command. Voice recognition capabilities vary by vehicle and model, but with MyLink all you have to do is say what you want and you’ll have it.
Steering Wheel Controls
Everything is right at your fingertips with MyLink’s easy access steering wheel-mounted controls. Keep your hands safely on the wheel while selecting music or making phone calls. The controls are designed to make life easier so that once you get into your vehicle you’re ready to go. Your comfort, convenience and safety are paramount and have inspired every aspect of MyLink
Hands-Free Calling
Life doesn’t stop when you’re driving. With Chevrolet MyLink you can stay in touch and up to date safely with hands-free calling and access to your personal phone book through Bluetooth® wireless technology† for select phones. Once you’ve paired your smartphone and address book with MyLink, just tap a button on your steering wheel and speak a command to make a call. Now you can stay in the know while on the go
Stagecoach have committed 50 buses to the Open Championship at Muirfield. Large fields are used as car parks and Stagecoach provide the shuttle service to Muirfield . In addition Drem Station car park becomes a bus station for the week of the event. The operation seems to run very smoothly with all the Stagecoach staff in good spirits and even the odd barbecue set up for lunch ( a few of the drivers had singed eyebrows) Stagecoach seem to rise to these occasions and the old Olympians sounded great even the scruffy ones. Well done Stagecoach .
Gordon has always been a committed member of the community and schools of Strathmore. Gordon began his teaching career in 1956 and was a teacher or administrator until 1994. Gordon would become a Vice-Principal at Samuel Crowther and then move on to become the Vice-Principal of Strathmore High School from 1986-1992 and finally return to Samuel Crowther Middle School in 1992 as Principal.
Gordon could be found coaching cross country in the fall to track and field in the spring. However, to find Gordon’s true passion and dedication one needed to look no farther than the gymnasium. Gordon loved the extra-curricular events that the school had to offer and his real passion was volleyball. In 1964, the ASAA (Alberta Schools' Athletic Association) hosted the first ever provincial volleyball tournament at the University of Calgary. The driving force behind this event was none other than Mr. Prusky. Gordon’s love of volleyball and his efforts with it were realized in 1968 when his team captured Strathmore High School’s first ever provincial championship.
To be there to start one provincial championship was amazing, but Gordon would be there for a second one as well when Strathmore hosted the first ever high school mixed curling provincial championship. Gordon’s commitment extended even farther as he became a huge advocate for high school rodeo as it began in Strathmore in 1971. Gordon would again be there as the provincial high school rodeo association developed in 1972. He served as secretary-treasurer for high school rodeo from 1972-1983 and has been the high school arena director from the beginning and still is today.
Gordon’s commitment to the organization of high school sports started in 1964 when he was part of the South West Zone executive. Gordon remained on the zone executive from 1964 to 1967. Gordon again served on the zone executive from 1970 to 1982. In addition to Gordon’s involvement at the zone level, he was also very active at the provincial level, acting as the editor/creator of the ASAA yearbook from 1966 to 1975. During this time, Gordon also served on the ASAA executive from 1966 to 1969.
Among Gordon’s many accolades he has been awarded the Kinsman’s Sportsman of the Year and in 1974, Gordon was awarded the Robert H. Routledge Award by the ASAA. This award symbolizes outstanding service to the students of Alberta schools in the promotion and operation of an athletic program and it is the highest award that a coach can receive in the province of Alberta. Comments made about Gordon while receiving this award were “Gordon has given hours of his time to the organization of the zone and he has been a constant supporter of the South Central’s teams and contestants at the majority of provincial competitions. He has continually offered his assistance to adjacent zones that have been privileged to host provincial competitions in badminton, gymnastics, track and field, and volleyball. Gordon’s background has resulted in him being controversial, committed and sometimes impatient at annual meetings. However, those in this association who know him are indebted to him for his adherence to his principles and his heartfelt desire to do his best for the Alberta Schools' Athletic Association.” The Routledge award certainly holds a special place with Gordon as he and Robert (the award’s namesake) had served on the executive committee together during Gordon’s three years with the ASAA.
Gordon’s administrative talents were not limited to the school setting. Gordon would also take these to a number of other areas serving as President of the Wheatland Coaches Association from 1963 to 1993, serving as the lone representative for the South Central Zone and eventually taking a position on that zone’s executive with the ASAA for 10 years; a position which also included yearbook editor for the ASAA. Gordon was also one of the founding members of the Canadian Federation of Provincial Schools Athletic Association in 1967, later to become the Canadian School Sport Federation.
PRESIDIO OF MONTEREY, Calif. -- The COVID-19 pandemic has created many operational challenges for the military. However, service members, DoD civilians and military families across the globe have adapted to overcome the challenges to stay ready and support the whole-of-government response.
While many service members and DoD civilians who work at the Presidio of Monterey and Defense Language Institute are teleworking – essential employees report to work daily to carry on the mission. Employees are strictly following CDC and DoD guidance of social distancing and face coverings to protect themselves and those around them.
The health and safety of all employees, regardless if they are essential employees or teleworking, is the command’s highest priority.
Our service members and DoD civilians are committed to mission success and remain trained and ready to defend the nation.
Photo by Joseph Kumzak, Presidio of Monterey Public Affairs
~ A Qur'an heavily bookmarked for special study in my local mosque! Subhan'Allah!
10 days left to go till Ramadhān starts...
PRESIDIO OF MONTEREY, Calif. -- The COVID-19 pandemic has created many operational challenges for the military. However, service members, DoD civilians and military families across the globe have adapted to overcome the challenges to stay ready and support the whole-of-government response.
While many service members and DoD civilians who work at the Presidio of Monterey and Defense Language Institute are teleworking – essential employees report to work daily to carry on the mission. Employees are strictly following CDC and DoD guidance of social distancing and face coverings to protect themselves and those around them.
The health and safety of all employees, regardless if they are essential employees or teleworking, is the command’s highest priority.
Our service members and DoD civilians are committed to mission success and remain trained and ready to defend the nation.
Photo by Joseph Kumzak, Presidio of Monterey Public Affairs
On Rescuer's Day, President Volodymyr Zelenskyy met with the personnel of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine, congratulated them on their professional holiday, and awarded state honors.
He emphasized that today is the professional holiday of all those whose job and calling is to save lives.
"Whatever happens, the SES of Ukraine is always there to help, and always promptly. They remain fully committed to their most important mission: saving lives," said the President.
The President inspected samples of automotive and robotic equipment. In particular, Interior Minister Ihor Klymenko and SES Head Andriy Danyk reported on the use of surface drones and robotic systems for mine disposal.
Volodymyr Zelenskyy noted that since the beginning of Russia’s full-scale invasion, Ukrainian rescuers have responded to over 170,000 shelling occasions and extinguished more than 20,000 fires. SES sappers have neutralized over half a million explosive devices.
As a result of Russian aggression, 97 SES personnel have been killed, 395 injured, and 4 are currently held in Russian captivity.
The attendees observed a minute of silence to honor all those Ukraine has lost due to the war.
The President presented the Order of the Golden Star to the family of the fallen Hero of Ukraine, Lieutenant Colonel of the Civil Protection Service Artem Kostyria. The Lieutenant Colonel participated in over 70 operations to mitigate the consequences of Russian attacks. After the liberation of the Kharkiv region, he organized the restoration of nearly 100 damaged fire and rescue units. Thanks to his efforts, over 2,400 people were evacuated. Artem Kostyria was killed on July 13 this year while responding to the aftermath of an enemy missile strike when Russian forces launched a second ballistic missile attack.
The President also awarded SES employees the Orders "For Courage", II and III class, and the Order of Danylo Halytskyi.
Additionally, in Volodymyr Zelenskyy’s presence, the winners of the nationwide "Hero – Rescuer of the Year" campaign were honored. Eight Ukrainians received awards:
Oleh Holubchenko, a maxillofacial surgeon from the Okhmatdyt Children’s Hospital. On July 8 of this year, during a Russian missile strike, he was performing surgery. Medical equipment failed, but he found alternative ways to maintain breathing and carried the child to shelter. Despite his injuries, he assisted rescuers and volunteers in clearing the hospital’s rubble.
Artem Makarov, a cadet at Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs. In April of this year, he saved an eight-year-old boy whom his own mother tried to drown.
Andriy Bibik, a police officer in the Novopillia community. In one of the villages, he noticed thick smoke near the houses. An outbuilding was on fire, and the flames were spreading toward homes. Andriy rescued a 13-year-old girl, an infant, and two dogs.
Yuliia Oholikhina, a personnel specialist at the SES in the Zaporizhzhia region. While on vacation, she saw a child drowning in a pool. She pulled the girl out of the water and provided first aid.
Andriy Lubenets, a Ukrainian Armed Forces serviceman. Severely wounded in the war, last September, near a pond, he heard a 17-year-old boy’s cry for help. Despite his injured leg, Andriy swam to the boy and pushed him 20 meters to safety with one arm. Patrol police officers helped pull the boy out of the water and resuscitate him.
Ihor Kalashnyk, an electrician at a construction hypermarket. In May of this year, after Russian aerial bombs hit the hypermarket, he fully shut down the power to the building and helped evacuate four visitors from a smoke-filled area. He also removed generator barrels with fuel from the premises to prevent another explosion.
Polina Sholokh, a SES signaller. While at a car wash, she heard a woman screaming. Next to her was a boy with no signs of life, who had been pulled out of a drainage pit. Polina immediately began CPR, and after several minutes, the boy was breathing again.
Oleksandr Zhuk, a physical education teacher. Near a lake, he heard cries for help and saw three girls in the water. One had already lost consciousness and was pulling another down. Oleksandr rescued two of the girls from the water, while the third made it to the shore on her own.
The Baymont Inn & Suites is committed to providing you with top notch lodging at amazing prices. Beautiful rooms. Beautiful prices. For beautiful people like you. Start your visit to Des Moines the right way by checking into the Baymont Inn and Suites of Des Moines! Your stay is welcomed by an immaculate lobby for you and your guests, followed by exceptional customer service by our hosts. Post check-in, you may be interested in relaxing at the wonderful indoor pool that also features a great hot tub and fitness facility. Towels are always made available for you and your guests located inside the pool area!
Within the vicinity, there are several restaurants for you to enjoy. Iowa Beef Steakhouse is only a half mile from the hotel. This restaurant was voted #1 for the Finest Steak House In Des Moines in 2005. The other restaurants near the hotel are: Bonanza Buffet, Plaza Mexico, Country Kitchen, and Village Inn.
Venues such as the Civic Center, Hoyt Sherman Auditorium, Wells Fargo Arena, and Des Moines playhouse are all within 7 miles of this hotel. You can view all upcoming events by going to www.eventful.com!!!
"Great King Sized Jacuzzi Suite"
Jackie W. - Past Guest
"Best Continental Breakfast"
Past Guest
Amenities
•Complimentary HOT deluxe breakfast
•Complimentary USA Today
•Complimentary Wireless Internet
•Free Local Calls
•Business Services - Fax, Print, Email
•ATM
•Vending Machine
•Indoor Pool
•Hot Tub
•Exercise Room
•In Room Microwave
•In Room Refrigerator
•In Room Hairdryer
•In Room Iron and Board
•In Room Coffee Pot
•Large Work Desks
•Cable Television With Premium Channels
Meeting Facilities
•Two Large Meeting Facilities
•Meeting Room Can Accommodate 130 People
•On Site Catering Service/Garden Courtyard/Hospitality Room Available/Audio & Visual Equipment Included
Check out the beautiful jacuzzi suites while you are here! These are for 21 and up. Anyone under 21 must be accompanied by parent or guardian.
Baymont Inn presents eight different Jacuzzi Suites for guest enjoyment. During Valentine's weekend, the suites start to book from December. The guest may choose from 8 different styles. As of March 2009, the following styles are available:
•Luxury
•Japanese
•Canopy Bed
•Floral
Each suite features a 2-person hot tub with power jets. You will also find in-room amenities such as coffee pot, iron, microwave, refrigerator, and hairdryer! In the morning, please enjoy complimentary hot breakfast served from 6-9 am. We look forward to meeting you!
4685 Northeast 14th Street, Des Moines, IA 50313
Phone (515) 265-4777
Fax (515) 262-7469
The Albertina
The architectural history of the Palais
(Pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of page!)
Image: The oldest photographic view of the newly designed Palais Archduke Albrecht, 1869
"It is my will that the expansion of the inner city of Vienna with regard to a suitable connection of the same with the suburbs as soon as possible is tackled and at this on Regulirung (regulation) and beautifying of my Residence and Imperial Capital is taken into account. To this end I grant the withdrawal of the ramparts and fortifications of the inner city and the trenches around the same".
This decree of Emperor Franz Joseph I, published on 25 December 1857 in the Wiener Zeitung, formed the basis for the largest the surface concerning and architecturally most significant transformation of the Viennese cityscape. Involving several renowned domestic and foreign architects a "master plan" took form, which included the construction of a boulevard instead of the ramparts between the inner city and its radially upstream suburbs. In the 50-years during implementation phase, an impressive architectural ensemble developed, consisting of imperial and private representational buildings, public administration and cultural buildings, churches and barracks, marking the era under the term "ring-street style". Already in the first year tithe decided a senior member of the Austrian imperial family to decorate the facades of his palace according to the new design principles, and thus certified the aristocratic claim that this also "historicism" said style on the part of the imperial house was attributed.
Image: The Old Albertina after 1920
It was the palace of Archduke Albrecht (1817-1895), the Senior of the Habsburg Family Council, who as Field Marshal held the overall command over the Austro-Hungarian army. The building was incorporated into the imperial residence of the Hofburg complex, forming the south-west corner and extending eleven meters above street level on the so-called Augustinerbastei.
The close proximity of the palace to the imperial residence corresponded not only with Emperor Franz Joseph I and Archduke Albert with a close familial relationship between the owner of the palace and the monarch. Even the former inhabitants were always in close relationship to the imperial family, whether by birth or marriage. An exception here again proves the rule: Don Emanuel Teles da Silva Conde Tarouca (1696-1771), for which Maria Theresa in 1744 the palace had built, was just a close friend and advisor of the monarch. Silva Tarouca underpins the rule with a second exception, because he belonged to the administrative services as Generalhofbaudirektor (general court architect) and President of the Austrian-Dutch administration, while all other him subsequent owners were highest ranking military.
In the annals of Austrian history, especially those of military history, they either went into as commander of the Imperial Army, or the Austrian, later kk Army. In chronological order, this applies to Duke Carl Alexander of Lorraine, the brother-of-law of Maria Theresa, as Imperial Marshal, her son-in-law Duke Albert of Saxe-Teschen, also field marshal, whos adopted son, Archduke Charles of Austria, the last imperial field marshal and only Generalissimo of Austria, his son Archduke Albrecht of Austria as Feldmarschalil and army Supreme commander, and most recently his nephew Archduke Friedrich of Austria, who held as field marshal from 1914 to 1916 the command of the Austro-Hungarian troops. Despite their military profession, all five generals conceived themselves as patrons of the arts and promoted large sums of money to build large collections, the construction of magnificent buildings and cultural life. Charles Alexander of Lorraine promoted as governor of the Austrian Netherlands from 1741 to 1780 the Academy of Fine Arts, the Théâtre de Ja Monnaie and the companies Bourgeois Concert and Concert Noble, he founded the Academie royale et imperial des Sciences et des Lettres, opened the Bibliotheque Royal for the population and supported artistic talents with high scholarships. World fame got his porcelain collection, which however had to be sold by Emperor Joseph II to pay off his debts. Duke Albert began in 1776 according to the concept of conte Durazzo to set up an encyclopedic collection of prints, which forms the core of the world-famous "Albertina" today.
Image : Duke Albert and Archduchess Marie Christine show in family cercle the from Italy brought along art, 1776. Frederick Henry Füger.
1816 declared to Fideikommiss and thus in future indivisible, inalienable and inseparable, the collection 1822 passed into the possession of Archduke Carl, who, like his descendants, it broadened. Under him, the collection was introduced together with the sumptuously equipped palace on the Augustinerbastei in the so-called "Carl Ludwig'schen fideicommissum in 1826, by which the building and the in it kept collection fused into an indissoluble unity. At this time had from the Palais Tarouca by structural expansion or acquisition a veritable Residenz palace evolved. Duke Albert of Saxe-Teschen was first in 1800 the third floor of the adjacent Augustinian convent wing adapted to house his collection and he had after 1802 by his Belgian architect Louis de Montoyer at the suburban side built a magnificent extension, called the wing of staterooms, it was equipped in the style of Louis XVI. Only two decades later, Archduke Carl the entire palace newly set up. According to scetches of the architect Joseph Kornhäusel the 1822-1825 retreaded premises presented themselves in the Empire style. The interior of the palace testified from now in an impressive way the high rank and the prominent position of its owner. Under Archduke Albrecht the outer appearance also should meet the requirements. He had the facade of the palace in the style of historicism orchestrated and added to the Palais front against the suburbs an offshore covered access. Inside, he limited himself, apart from the redesign of the Rococo room in the manner of the second Blondel style, to the retention of the paternal stock. Archduke Friedrich's plans for an expansion of the palace were omitted, however, because of the outbreak of the First World War so that his contribution to the state rooms, especially, consists in the layout of the Spanish apartment, which he in 1895 for his sister, the Queen of Spain Maria Christina, had set up as a permanent residence.
Picture: The "audience room" after the restoration: Picture: The "balcony room" around 1990
The era of stately representation with handing down their cultural values found its most obvious visualization inside the palace through the design and features of the staterooms. On one hand, by the use of the finest materials and the purchase of masterfully manufactured pieces of equipment, such as on the other hand by the permanent reuse of older equipment parts. This period lasted until 1919, when Archduke Friedrich was expropriated by the newly founded Republic of Austria. With the republicanization of the collection and the building first of all finished the tradition that the owner's name was synonymous with the building name:
After Palais Tarouca or tarokkisches house it was called Lorraine House, afterwards Duke Albert Palais and Palais Archduke Carl. Due to the new construction of an adjacently located administration building it received in 1865 the prefix "Upper" and was referred to as Upper Palais Archduke Albrecht and Upper Palais Archduke Frederick. For the state a special reference to the Habsburg past was certainly politically no longer opportune, which is why was decided to name the building according to the in it kept collection "Albertina".
Picture: The "Wedgwood Cabinet" after the restoration: Picture: the "Wedgwood Cabinet" in the Palais Archduke Friedrich, 1905
This name derives from the term "La Collection Albertina" which had been used by the gallery Inspector Maurice von Thausing in 1870 in the Gazette des Beaux-Arts for the former graphics collection of Duke Albert. For this reason, it was the first time since the foundation of the palace that the name of the collection had become synonymous with the room shell. Room shell, hence, because the Republic of Austria Archduke Friedrich had allowed to take along all the movable goods from the palace in his Hungarian exile: crystal chandeliers, curtains and carpets as well as sculptures, vases and clocks. Particularly stressed should be the exquisite furniture, which stems of three facilities phases: the Louis XVI furnitures of Duke Albert, which had been manufactured on the basis of fraternal relations between his wife Archduchess Marie Christine and the French Queen Marie Antoinette after 1780 in the French Hofmanufakturen, also the on behalf of Archduke Charles 1822-1825 in the Vienna Porcelain Manufactory by Joseph Danhauser produced Empire furnitures and thirdly additions of the same style of Archduke Friedrich, which this about 1900 at Portois & Ffix as well as at Friedrich Otto Schmidt had commissioned.
The "swept clean" building got due to the strained financial situation after the First World War initially only a makeshift facility. However, since until 1999 no revision of the emergency equipment took place, but differently designed, primarily the utilitarianism committed office furnitures complementarily had been added, the equipment of the former state rooms presented itself at the end of the 20th century as an inhomogeneous administrative mingle-mangle of insignificant parts, where, however, dwelt a certain quaint charm. From the magnificent state rooms had evolved depots, storage rooms, a library, a study hall and several officed.
Image: The Albertina Graphic Arts Collection and the Philipphof after the American bombing of 12 März 1945.
Image: The palace after the demolition of the entrance facade, 1948-52
Worse it hit the outer appearance of the palace, because in times of continued anti-Habsburg sentiment after the Second World War and inspired by an intolerant destruction will, it came by pickaxe to a ministerial erasure of history. In contrast to the graphic collection possessed the richly decorated facades with the conspicuous insignia of the former owner an object-immanent reference to the Habsburg past and thus exhibited the monarchial traditions and values of the era of Francis Joseph significantly. As part of the remedial measures after a bomb damage, in 1948 the aristocratic, by Archduke Albert initiated, historicist facade structuring along with all decorations was cut off, many facade figures demolished and the Hapsburg crest emblems plunged to the ground. Since in addition the old ramp also had been cancelled and the main entrance of the bastion level had been moved down to the second basement storey at street level, ended the presence of the old Archduke's palace after more than 200 years. At the reopening of the "Albertina Graphic Collection" in 1952, the former Hapsburg Palais of splendour presented itself as one of his identity robbed, formally trivial, soulless room shell, whose successful republicanization an oversized and also unproportional eagle above the new main entrance to the Augustinian road symbolized. The emocratic throw of monuments had wiped out the Hapsburg palace from the urban appeareance, whereby in the perception only existed a nondescript, nameless and ahistorical building that henceforth served the lodging and presentation of world-famous graphic collection of the Albertina. The condition was not changed by the decision to the refurbishment because there were only planned collection specific extensions, but no restoration of the palace.
Image: The palace after the Second World War with simplified facades, the rudiment of the Danubiusbrunnens (well) and the new staircase up to the Augustinerbastei
This paradigm shift corresponded to a blatant reversal of the historical circumstances, as the travel guides and travel books for kk Residence and imperial capital of Vienna dedicated itself primarily with the magnificent, aristocratic palace on the Augustinerbastei with the sumptuously fitted out reception rooms and mentioned the collection kept there - if at all - only in passing. Only with the repositioning of the Albertina in 2000 under the direction of Klaus Albrecht Schröder, the palace was within the meaning and in fulfillment of the Fideikommiss of Archduke Charles in 1826 again met with the high regard, from which could result a further inseparable bond between the magnificent mansions and the world-famous collection. In view of the knowing about politically motivated errors and omissions of the past, the facades should get back their noble, historicist designing, the staterooms regain their glamorous, prestigious appearance and culturally unique equippment be repurchased. From this presumption, eventually grew the full commitment to revise the history of redemption and the return of the stately palace in the public consciousness.
Image: The restored suburb facade of the Palais Albertina suburb
The smoothed palace facades were returned to their original condition and present themselves today - with the exception of the not anymore reconstructed Attica figures - again with the historicist decoration and layout elements that Archduke Albrecht had given after the razing of the Augustinerbastei in 1865 in order. The neoclassical interiors, today called after the former inhabitants "Habsburg Staterooms", receiving a meticulous and detailed restoration taking place at the premises of originality and authenticity, got back their venerable and sumptuous appearance. From the world wide scattered historical pieces of equipment have been bought back 70 properties or could be returned through permanent loan to its original location, by which to the visitors is made experiencable again that atmosphere in 1919 the state rooms of the last Habsburg owner Archduke Frederick had owned. The for the first time in 80 years public accessible "Habsburg State Rooms" at the Palais Albertina enable now again as eloquent testimony to our Habsburg past and as a unique cultural heritage fundamental and essential insights into the Austrian cultural history. With the relocation of the main entrance to the level of the Augustinerbastei the recollection to this so valuable Austrian Cultural Heritage formally and functionally came to completion. The vision of the restoration and recovery of the grand palace was a pillar on which the new Albertina should arise again, the other embody the four large newly built exhibition halls, which allow for the first time in the history of the Albertina, to exhibit the collection throughout its encyclopedic breadh under optimal conservation conditions.
Image: The new entrance area of the Albertina
64 meter long shed roof. Hans Hollein.
The palace presents itself now in its appearance in the historicist style of the Ringstrassenära, almost as if nothing had happened in the meantime. But will the wheel of time should not, cannot and must not be turned back, so that the double standards of the "Albertina Palace" said museum - on the one hand Habsburg grandeur palaces and other modern museum for the arts of graphics - should be symbolized by a modern character: The in 2003 by Hans Hollein designed far into the Albertina square cantilevering, elegant floating flying roof. 64 meters long, it symbolizes in the form of a dynamic wedge the accelerated urban spatial connectivity and public access to the palace. It advertises the major changes in the interior as well as the huge underground extensions of the repositioned "Albertina".
Christian Benedictine
Art historian with research interests History of Architecture, building industry of the Hapsburgs, Hofburg and Zeremonialwissenschaft (ceremonial sciences). Since 1990 he works in the architecture collection of the Albertina. Since 2000 he supervises as director of the newly founded department "Staterooms" the restoration and furnishing of the state rooms and the restoration of the facades and explores the history of the palace and its inhabitants.
TobaccoDays (TD) is committed to showing you; the pipe-maker, the pipe collector, the pipe hobbyist – the pipe world from a different perspective. Every topic covered on TD aims to make you think different. Aims to make you see different. Anything & everything that we can bundle up together and have the final outcome alter an existing attitude on the subject covered, is considered a wonderful day here at TD.
Today I launch a new series which has the aim to highlight the beautiful & varied texture on our beloved pipes. Yes, we hold our pipes, caress them, enjoy them & smoke them day in and day out. Do we ever miss some of the small details though? Can we look at them any deeper? Of course we can.
To assist that process, I went out and hired a professional photographer (high-speed camera, strobe lights, big set-up & all) and took macro pictures of pipes to focus on their surface, their texture. The next phase of the project required me to find a way to express the beauty of the pipe’s surface. Since I lack any skill in the photo shop arena, I went out and hired a professional graphic designer and together we art-directed the project and took it to it’s final stages. The question of – How do we show the beauty of the pipe’s surface & make sure that we ‘really see it’ was the one thing guiding this project. While the pipe’s surrounding’s are definitely photo-shopped, the actual surface of the pipe remains 100% untouched. You are looking at the actual pipe surface of a J.T. Cooke pipe, as it looks in reality. This was part of the project’s point. To show the surface, unchanged, in order to highlight it’s ‘interest factor’ that much more.
The Baymont Inn & Suites is committed to providing you with top notch lodging at amazing prices. Beautiful rooms. Beautiful prices. For beautiful people like you. Start your visit to Des Moines the right way by checking into the Baymont Inn and Suites of Des Moines! Your stay is welcomed by an immaculate lobby for you and your guests, followed by exceptional customer service by our hosts. Post check-in, you may be interested in relaxing at the wonderful indoor pool that also features a great hot tub and fitness facility. Towels are always made available for you and your guests located inside the pool area!
Within the vicinity, there are several restaurants for you to enjoy. Iowa Beef Steakhouse is only a half mile from the hotel. This restaurant was voted #1 for the Finest Steak House In Des Moines in 2005. The other restaurants near the hotel are: Bonanza Buffet, Plaza Mexico, Country Kitchen, and Village Inn.
Venues such as the Civic Center, Hoyt Sherman Auditorium, Wells Fargo Arena, and Des Moines playhouse are all within 7 miles of this hotel. You can view all upcoming events by going to www.eventful.com!!!
"Great King Sized Jacuzzi Suite"
Jackie W. - Past Guest
"Best Continental Breakfast"
Past Guest
Amenities
•Complimentary HOT deluxe breakfast
•Complimentary USA Today
•Complimentary Wireless Internet
•Free Local Calls
•Business Services - Fax, Print, Email
•ATM
•Vending Machine
•Indoor Pool
•Hot Tub
•Exercise Room
•In Room Microwave
•In Room Refrigerator
•In Room Hairdryer
•In Room Iron and Board
•In Room Coffee Pot
•Large Work Desks
•Cable Television With Premium Channels
Meeting Facilities
•Two Large Meeting Facilities
•Meeting Room Can Accommodate 130 People
•On Site Catering Service/Garden Courtyard/Hospitality Room Available/Audio & Visual Equipment Included
Check out the beautiful jacuzzi suites while you are here! These are for 21 and up. Anyone under 21 must be accompanied by parent or guardian.
Baymont Inn presents eight different Jacuzzi Suites for guest enjoyment. During Valentine's weekend, the suites start to book from December. The guest may choose from 8 different styles. As of March 2009, the following styles are available:
•Luxury
•Japanese
•Canopy Bed
•Floral
Each suite features a 2-person hot tub with power jets. You will also find in-room amenities such as coffee pot, iron, microwave, refrigerator, and hairdryer! In the morning, please enjoy complimentary hot breakfast served from 6-9 am. We look forward to meeting you!
4685 Northeast 14th Street, Des Moines, IA 50313
Phone (515) 265-4777
Fax (515) 262-7469
This week for Beyond Layers we are listing 10 things about ourselves with a photo to go with it.
Only for Beyond Layers would I do this. I am committed to following through on my lessons. So here goes:
#1...Gracie tops my list..You all know Gracie but maybe you didn't know that she was a rescue dog...we thought we were saving her but it turns out she has saved us..she pays us in kisses for rescueing her..
#2...which is really #1...I love being Lil Man's Nana...There is nothing on this planet better than that for me.
#3 I am a bibliophile..I have more books than I could possibly read but I love the feel, smell and comfort of the pages with all the stuff they teach me and all the places they take me...and I don't do a kindle..
#4 My biggest success was losing 100 lbs. My second biggest success is that I have maintained my weight loss for 29 years...well maybe not the entire hundred after being on vacation.
#5 My high school sweetheart is now my husband and has been for 44 years...without him I could not run this computer...
#6 I love horses and in my next life I will own one. There is something so powerful about being on a beast that could crush me in a second yet is as gentle as a kitten...most of the time. Not today though...Hercules was showing his power and I was shaking in my saddle, but he did calm down and took me for a lovely swim.
#7 Maine...where we have owned a house for almost 20 years...it's my peace and my rest. It's where my family gathers to enjoy each other and everything that nature has to offer...it's our glue.
#8 My kids are my light and my joy...I am so blessed in their love. I always say we are a small family but we are a great and connected family.
They really belong on the top of the list but my list has no order...everything on this list is my every day blessings.
# 9 Travel...my education has come from traveling as well as my healing. I have suffered through many years of agoraphobia so to be able to not only move beyond my couch but out into this big wonderful world is like a major miracle to me....and to love the woods and all it offers is amazing...where's the trail...
# 10..Girlfriends..my soul sisters, my laughter, my loves..I had three brothers and wanted a sister so I hand picked my own...some of my "sister's" have been in my life since high school. Trust me that was a long time ago...Each one fills a special place in my heart...and so you know...I have made several "sisters" because of flickr...I'm talking serious girlfriends..
Whew there you go...I really have to throw in an extra one though because without my photography I would be roaming around in my head still looking my passion...my head is happy I found photogaphy and all of you and now....Beyond Layers
Gifted spinner, stoic warrior, devoted son, gentle father, enthusiastic photographer, demanding team-mate, committed friend - Anil Kumble is a man of many interesting parts. It is hard not to admire such a man, though my first impressions of him were of awe and confusion.
It was during the days when we both played Under-19 cricket. I was yet to gain a reputation and he, a few years older, already owned one. He was gathering wickets by the bucketful and was occasionally labelled the "next Chandra", while I was the nervous wicketkeeper wondering how the hell I was going to keep to Anil on matting wickets.Fortunately, I was not totally embarrassed.
Initial trepidation was also accompanied by bewilderment. With his thick glasses and grim demeanour, he appeared a fellow who might be more comfortable in the first row of a classroom rather than spinning a ball on a cricket field. Of course, Anil eventually proved himself in both areas: he has a degree in engineering and a PhD in legspin bowling.
Anil is not a flippant man, and it is reflected in his cricket. The game brings him pleasure but it is never taken lightly. I read once that as a boy he only went out to play cricket after finishing his school homework. As a cricketer he is the same, for he never goes to play until he has done his cricketing homework. Batsmen are analysed, his own bowling is scrutinised, plans are made. There is something wonderfully thorough, organised and disciplined about his approach, which makes him a powerful role model.
Anil is now regarded as a master of his craft, especially since he broke Kapil's record of 434 wickets, but his greatness arrives from his ability to always see himself as a student. He is always learning, and through the years he has consistently made small improvements, extending his range and polishing his repertoire. When he first arrived in the team his googly was not as evolved as it is now. He has also developed a flipper that is delivered at different speeds. He didn't bowl round the wicket as often in the early days. but now he's comfortable from both sides.
People have often doubted Anil but he himself never has. People have said that he did not turn the ball sufficiently, that he was comparatively ineffective abroad, but he always believed he had the tools to succeed. His performances in Australia and Pakistan over the past 13 months have vindicated his belief in himself.
For me, he has been more than a team-mate; he has been a wise friend. I knew I could count on him, and that he was honest enough to not tell me what I wanted to hear. When I struggled in the one-day game, for instance, he insisted I was good enough, but gently suggested that I needed to polish my skills, whether it was rotating the strike or converting starts.
Anil works hard for the team, and not just with ball in hand. When he was recovering from his shoulder injury, he didn't stay at home; he came to the Indian camp and assisted Bhajji and the other spinners. When the player contracts had to be decided on, he took the trouble to sift through and understand the issues. Never does he shy away from responsibility. He has stood up to be counted, and courted controversy if required.
Anil is tough and I like that about him. He is the essential 100-per-cent cricketer, every day, every over, every ball, bringing great energy to the contest, facing every challenge with his jaw sternly set - or even broken for that matter!
His attitude makes him a dream to captain. When I led against New Zealand in 2003 at Mohali and we lost the toss and had to bowl first on a flat wicket, not once did Anil complain. Occasionally a bowler, faced with an unresponsive wicket, might give up mentally, but not Anil; never did he say, "Rahul, give me a break." He just bowled on and on. He does not know what giving up means.
Breaking Kapil's record was an important moment for it allowed people a chance to recognise and reflect on what a magnificent bowler Anil has been. His stamp on the Indian game is now indelible.
He is still hungry, still committed, still gifted, still a man who finds great strength from his family. If I had to pick a change in him, it would be that he is a little mellower than he once was (except, of course, when it comes to batsmen). Part of the reason is his young family, and after the Kolkata Test against South Africa, in which he equalled Kapil's record, he brought his baby son into the dressing room. His often grave face was now curled into a radiant smile. It was the look of a contented man, and it was good to see.
This article was first published in the January 2005 issue of Wisden Asia Cricket magazine
250,000 committed mass civil disobedience May 22 in Montreal marking Day 100 of the student strike by participating in an illegal demonstration.
More info: vimeo.com/44139694
www.bloquonslahausse.com/la-classe/
www.facebook.com/pages/News-from-the-2012-Quebec-student-...
This photo was reprinted in Adbusters for an article about Occupy. Adbusters helped launch Occupy Wall Street, but the roots of the Quebec student strike go way back...
I committed to some fiber and started her reroot - still have 3-4 rows to go, but I wanted to make sure I liked the dark chocolate hairs on her and I do. I've had the hardest time deciding on her hairs and I'm not really sure why - red, teal, blue - she would have looked good in mohair or alpaca and any color, but I glad I settled on the dark brown.
And her name has also been a long time coming, but since her sister is Lumen, could she be anything other than Dexter? I can't get the name out of my head, so Dexter it is I think.
6/52 Weeks of Blythe 2012
250,000 committed mass civil disobedience May 22 in Montreal marking Day 100 of the student strike by participating in an illegal demonstration.
More info: vimeo.com/44139694
www.bloquonslahausse.com/la-classe/
www.facebook.com/pages/News-from-the-2012-Quebec-student-...
"At California Deluxe Windows, we are committed to offering you windows and doors with the finest installation service and the highest quality materials, backed by the strongest warranty in the business. Visit www.cdwindows.com to view some of our projects, factory photos, samples and more. We want to introduce the first premium investment grade dual pane vinyl windows in Southern California. Rather than simply call for a window replacement, we are creating a product that actually contributes positively to the value of your home. Not only that, but also puts more money in your pockets each month due to the energy efficiency we create the windows with. You will be able to keep out over 90% of the UV rays that would penetrate through your windows before replacing them!
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This 3 minute video www.youtube.com/watch?v=5O7Ils19DjI is the most straightforward and easy to understand advice on window installations available on the internet today.
This is John McDonnell MP, one of a handful of MPs committed to social justice, speaking at the "10,000 Cuts and Counting" protest in Parliament Square on September 28, 2013, organised by disability activists, the Very Rev. David Ison, the Dean of St. Paul's Cathedral, the MP Michael Meacher and Occupy London activists. The event was described as "a ceremony of remembrance and solidarity for those who have had their lives devastated by the austerity programme, including more than 10,000 people who died shortly after undergoing the Atos Work Capability Assessment, the degrading test used by the government to assess the needs of people receiving benefits related to disability and ill health."
This was a powerful protest, and as part of the day's events the Dean of St. Paul's led a contingent of campaigners to 10 Downing Street to hand in "The Downing Street Demand," calling for the Work Capability Assessment to be scrapped, and for assessments to be "brought back within the NHS so that disabled people and those responsible for managing their impairments, for instance their GPs, can make fair and compassionate decisions."
Amongst the supporters of the event were the campaigners who launched the WOW Petition (the "War on Welfare" e-petition) to the British government in December 2012, which needs 100,000 signatures by December this year to be eligible for a Parliamentary debate. Please sign and share it if you're a UK citizen or resident.
For my archive of articles about the Tory-led government's assault on the disabled, see: www.andyworthington.co.uk/tag/disability/
For John McDonnell MP, see: www.john-mcdonnell.net/
For The Downing Street Demand, see: www.10kcuts.org/demand.html
For the WOW Petition, see: epetitions.direct.gov.uk/petitions/43154
For my most interesting photos, see: www.flickriver.com/photos/andyworthington/popular-interes...
Clifford’s Tower is one of the best-loved landmarks in York. It is the largest remaining part of York Castle, once the centre of government for the north of England. The 11th-century timber tower on top of the earth mound was burned down in 1190, after York’s Jewish community, some 150 strong, was besieged here by a mob and committed mass suicide. The present 13th-century stone tower was probably used as a treasury and later as a prison.
Archaeological evidence shows that there was activity in this area in Roman times (with a Roman cemetery lying across the site) and perhaps even earlier, but it was William the Conqueror who first established a castle here. When he marched north in 1068 to suppress a rebellion against his rule, he built a series of castles as he went, including one here where Clifford’s Tower now stands.
The Norman motte-and-bailey castle saw several violent incidents during its earliest years, including further revolts and an attack by Danish invaders. As the political situation settled down in the 1070s, however, the damage of these early years was repaired, and the castle, built largely of earth and timber, probably survived relatively unaltered through most of the 12th century.
The Mass Suicide and Massacre of 1190
The castle of York was the setting for one of the most notorious events in English history: the mass suicide and massacre in March 1190 of York’s Jewish community.
Tensions between Christians and Jews had been increasing throughout England during the 12th century, partly because many people were in debt to Jewish moneylenders and partly because much crusading propaganda was directed not only against Muslims but also against Jews. Anti-Jewish riots in several cities followed the coronation of the crusader king Richard I in 1189, and a rumour (untrue) was put about that he had ordered a massacre of the Jews.
In York, as described by William of Newburgh and other contemporary chroniclers, about 150 people from the Jewish community were given protective custody in the royal castle, probably the site of Clifford’s Tower.
Somehow, though, trust between the royal officials and the Jews broke down. The officials, finding themselves shut out from the tower, summoned reinforcements to recapture it. These troops were joined by a large mob, which soon ran out of control, incited by both anti-Jewish preachers and local gentry eager to escape their debts.
On 16 March, the eve of the Sabbath before Passover, when the Jews realised that there would be no safe way out for them, a rabbi urged his fellow-inmates in the tower to commit suicide rather than fall into the hands of their persecutors. Heads of households killed their own families before killing themselves, and the wooden tower itself was set on fire.
According to several accounts a number of Jews did survive and came out of the tower under an amnesty, only to be murdered by the attackers. A plaque at the base of the mound, commemorating these events, was installed in 1978.
Though Jewish life did in fact revive in York within a few years of the massacre, it came to an end a hundred years later, in 1290, when Edward I expelled all Jews from England. This time their exile lasted until the 17th century.
The Medieval Castle
The tower burnt down in 1190 was rebuilt very shortly afterwards. Further repairs and rebuilding, some in stone, took place in the castle during the early 13th century. Then in the middle years of that century, as war with Scotland loomed, King Henry III decided to build a completely new stone tower on the mound.
A writ of March 1245 may refer to the construction of the tower. It orders Master Henry the mason and Master Simon the carpenter to advise the sheriff on strengthening the castle’s defences. Master Henry is often identified as Henry of Reyns, master mason of the new abbey at Westminster. At the abbey, as at Clifford’s Tower, English architectural detailing was applied to a plan influenced by French prototypes.
Documentary sources show that construction was intermittent and the tower was probably not finished until the 1270s, possibly not until the 1290s.
Despite the regional and national importance of York, its royal castle did not generally act as a royal residence. Together with Clifford’s Tower it was instead used chiefly for administrative purposes, notably for imprisonment, for storage and for judicial sessions. Occasionally it acted as a home for the Exchequer and its various treasuries when wars against the Scots caused the government to relocate to the north of England. It also housed an important royal mint.
The castle’s buildings, particularly Clifford’s Tower, whose mound was scoured by floods of the river Fosse, fell more than once into disrepair. By 1360, several of the structural defects which are visible today had already appeared.
The Tower in Decay
The history of the castle and Clifford’s Tower during the 15th and 16th centuries is obscure. Accounts of Henry VI, Richard III and Henry VIII suggest that several buildings were ruinous, and efforts were concentrated on maintaining a small number of them as gaols.[14] In 1540, just three years after Robert Aske (one of the leaders of the Pilgrimage of Grace) had been hanged ‘on the height of the castle dungeon’, John Leland wrote that the ‘arx is all in ruin’.
In 1596–7 a public scandal arose when the aldermen of York accused the gaoler, Robert Redhead, of trying to demolish the derelict tower and sell the stone for lime-burning. Contemporary correspondence about these events contains the first recorded use of the name ‘Clifford’s Tower’.
The name is sometimes interpreted as evidence that the Clifford family claimed the post of constable to be hereditary. Alternatively, it may refer to the rebel Roger de Clifford, who was executed after the Battle of Boroughbridge in 1322 and whose body was displayed on a gibbet at the castle.
War and Explosion
After a brief period when Clifford’s Tower passed out of royal ownership, in 1643 it was occupied again by a royal garrison during the Civil War. The building was re-roofed and re-floored, apparently at the behest of Queen Henrietta Maria, creating storage rooms for ammunition and a gun platform on the roof. The forebuilding was largely reconstructed.
The city fell to Parliamentarians the following year. The tower continued to be occupied by a garrison of between 40 and 80 men and it may also have served occasionally as a prison. The Quaker George Fox was imprisoned here for two nights in 1665, on his way to Scarborough Castle.
The garrison’s dissolute behaviour caused discontent among the citizens of York, who called for the demolition of the tower, scathingly nicknamed ‘the Minced Pie’. On 23 April 1684 the interior was partly gutted by fire, allegedly as a result of the firing of a ceremonial salute for St George’s Day. Destruction was not total, though, and parts of the building remained in use for storage, while cannon were still positioned on the roof.
By 1699, however, when Clifford’s Tower was released to freeholders, sketches of the interior by Francis Place show that it was completely roofless.
Gaol and Monument
The 18th century was a period of changing ownership for the tower and mound. Clifford’s Tower was treated as a garden folly and possibly as a stable or cattle shed.
In marked contrast, the former bailey of the castle was redeveloped as a prison. New courthouses and gaol buildings were built, until in the 1820s and 1830s the prison encompassed the entire castle area. The mound and tower were enclosed and effectively hidden from view. Clifford’s Tower was accessible only with permission from a magistrate.
In 1902 a radical campaign of repairs and investigations was undertaken by Mr Basil Mott, including the partial reconstruction of the mound in an effort to underpin the south-east lobe of the tower with buried concrete ‘flying buttresses’. During these works, the most detailed archaeological investigation to date of the internal structure of the mound was carried out.
On 30 March 1915, Clifford’s Tower was taken into state guardianship. The structure was repaired and public access improved in 1935 with the demolition of the surviving 19th-century prison buildings, notably the wall enclosing the mound on its north and west sides. The lower parts of the slope were restored to their presumed medieval profile, and a stairway leading up to the forebuilding in a straight line was created, replacing a spiral path.
Ramapo College is committed to creating a safe and healthy environment. This shared responsibility will require everyone to follow health and safety guidelines and practices, both on and off campus. Please get ready to help keep a healthy campus. www.ramapo.edu/return/health-and-safety/
Mayor Ed Murray helped Seattle City Light unveil a first-of-its kind interactive kiosk on March 9, 2015 that will use the power of the Sun to teach people about solar and other forms of renewable energy.
“Seattle is a hub of innovation and our community is deeply committed to protecting the environment,” Murray said. “MobE brings those two interests together to help educate people about how solar energy can work in Seattle. This is another example of the environmental leadership demonstrated by Seattle City Light, which is one of the reasons it is the nation’s greenest utility.”
The dentists at Libertyville Dental Associates are proud to serve the Northshore community with a patient base spreading well across Gurnee through Vernon Hills. We are a group of Dentists that are committed to providing the best care for our patients. Our commitment is for each of our patients to keep their teeth healthy their whole life. This means we guarantee our work whether it is a tooth cleaning, fillings, crowns, veneers, or implants. Because we use the highest technology and the very best materials we are confident that your oral health will be second to none. As a group practice we are able to accomadate all schedules and dental tooth emergencies. Just visit us on the website at www.libertyvilledental.com , call 847-367-6360 or drop by at 1641 N. Milwaukee Ave. Libertyville IL 60048
TobaccoDays (TD) is committed to showing you; the pipe-maker, the pipe collector, the pipe hobbyist – the pipe world from a different perspective. Every topic covered on TD aims to make you think different. Aims to make you see different. Anything & everything that we can bundle up together and have the final outcome alter an existing attitude on the subject covered, is considered a wonderful day here at TD.
Today I launch a new series which has the aim to highlight the beautiful & varied texture on our beloved pipes. Yes, we hold our pipes, caress them, enjoy them & smoke them day in and day out. Do we ever miss some of the small details though? Can we look at them any deeper? Of course we can.
To assist that process, I went out and hired a professional photographer (high-speed camera, strobe lights, big set-up & all) and took macro pictures of pipes to focus on their surface, their texture. The next phase of the project required me to find a way to express the beauty of the pipe’s surface. Since I lack any skill in the photo shop arena, I went out and hired a professional graphic designer and together we art-directed the project and took it to it’s final stages. The question of – How do we show the beauty of the pipe’s surface & make sure that we ‘really see it’ was the one thing guiding this project. While the pipe’s surrounding’s are definitely photo-shopped, the actual surface of the pipe remains 100% untouched. You are looking at the actual pipe surface of a J.T. Cooke pipe, as it looks in reality. This was part of the project’s point. To show the surface, unchanged, in order to highlight it’s ‘interest factor’ that much more.
The Baymont Inn & Suites is committed to providing you with top notch lodging at amazing prices. Beautiful rooms. Beautiful prices. For beautiful people like you. Start your visit to Des Moines the right way by checking into the Baymont Inn and Suites of Des Moines! Your stay is welcomed by an immaculate lobby for you and your guests, followed by exceptional customer service by our hosts. Post check-in, you may be interested in relaxing at the wonderful indoor pool that also features a great hot tub and fitness facility. Towels are always made available for you and your guests located inside the pool area!
Within the vicinity, there are several restaurants for you to enjoy. Iowa Beef Steakhouse is only a half mile from the hotel. This restaurant was voted #1 for the Finest Steak House In Des Moines in 2005. The other restaurants near the hotel are: Bonanza Buffet, Plaza Mexico, Country Kitchen, and Village Inn.
Venues such as the Civic Center, Hoyt Sherman Auditorium, Wells Fargo Arena, and Des Moines playhouse are all within 7 miles of this hotel. You can view all upcoming events by going to www.eventful.com!!!
"Great King Sized Jacuzzi Suite"
Jackie W. - Past Guest
"Best Continental Breakfast"
Past Guest
Amenities
•Complimentary HOT deluxe breakfast
•Complimentary USA Today
•Complimentary Wireless Internet
•Free Local Calls
•Business Services - Fax, Print, Email
•ATM
•Vending Machine
•Indoor Pool
•Hot Tub
•Exercise Room
•In Room Microwave
•In Room Refrigerator
•In Room Hairdryer
•In Room Iron and Board
•In Room Coffee Pot
•Large Work Desks
•Cable Television With Premium Channels
Meeting Facilities
•Two Large Meeting Facilities
•Meeting Room Can Accommodate 130 People
•On Site Catering Service/Garden Courtyard/Hospitality Room Available/Audio & Visual Equipment Included
Check out the beautiful jacuzzi suites while you are here! These are for 21 and up. Anyone under 21 must be accompanied by parent or guardian.
Baymont Inn presents eight different Jacuzzi Suites for guest enjoyment. During Valentine's weekend, the suites start to book from December. The guest may choose from 8 different styles. As of March 2009, the following styles are available:
•Luxury
•Japanese
•Canopy Bed
•Floral
Each suite features a 2-person hot tub with power jets. You will also find in-room amenities such as coffee pot, iron, microwave, refrigerator, and hairdryer! In the morning, please enjoy complimentary hot breakfast served from 6-9 am. We look forward to meeting you!
4685 Northeast 14th Street, Des Moines, IA 50313
Phone (515) 265-4777
Fax (515) 262-7469
On Rescuer's Day, President Volodymyr Zelenskyy met with the personnel of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine, congratulated them on their professional holiday, and awarded state honors.
He emphasized that today is the professional holiday of all those whose job and calling is to save lives.
"Whatever happens, the SES of Ukraine is always there to help, and always promptly. They remain fully committed to their most important mission: saving lives," said the President.
The President inspected samples of automotive and robotic equipment. In particular, Interior Minister Ihor Klymenko and SES Head Andriy Danyk reported on the use of surface drones and robotic systems for mine disposal.
Volodymyr Zelenskyy noted that since the beginning of Russia’s full-scale invasion, Ukrainian rescuers have responded to over 170,000 shelling occasions and extinguished more than 20,000 fires. SES sappers have neutralized over half a million explosive devices.
As a result of Russian aggression, 97 SES personnel have been killed, 395 injured, and 4 are currently held in Russian captivity.
The attendees observed a minute of silence to honor all those Ukraine has lost due to the war.
The President presented the Order of the Golden Star to the family of the fallen Hero of Ukraine, Lieutenant Colonel of the Civil Protection Service Artem Kostyria. The Lieutenant Colonel participated in over 70 operations to mitigate the consequences of Russian attacks. After the liberation of the Kharkiv region, he organized the restoration of nearly 100 damaged fire and rescue units. Thanks to his efforts, over 2,400 people were evacuated. Artem Kostyria was killed on July 13 this year while responding to the aftermath of an enemy missile strike when Russian forces launched a second ballistic missile attack.
The President also awarded SES employees the Orders "For Courage", II and III class, and the Order of Danylo Halytskyi.
Additionally, in Volodymyr Zelenskyy’s presence, the winners of the nationwide "Hero – Rescuer of the Year" campaign were honored. Eight Ukrainians received awards:
Oleh Holubchenko, a maxillofacial surgeon from the Okhmatdyt Children’s Hospital. On July 8 of this year, during a Russian missile strike, he was performing surgery. Medical equipment failed, but he found alternative ways to maintain breathing and carried the child to shelter. Despite his injuries, he assisted rescuers and volunteers in clearing the hospital’s rubble.
Artem Makarov, a cadet at Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs. In April of this year, he saved an eight-year-old boy whom his own mother tried to drown.
Andriy Bibik, a police officer in the Novopillia community. In one of the villages, he noticed thick smoke near the houses. An outbuilding was on fire, and the flames were spreading toward homes. Andriy rescued a 13-year-old girl, an infant, and two dogs.
Yuliia Oholikhina, a personnel specialist at the SES in the Zaporizhzhia region. While on vacation, she saw a child drowning in a pool. She pulled the girl out of the water and provided first aid.
Andriy Lubenets, a Ukrainian Armed Forces serviceman. Severely wounded in the war, last September, near a pond, he heard a 17-year-old boy’s cry for help. Despite his injured leg, Andriy swam to the boy and pushed him 20 meters to safety with one arm. Patrol police officers helped pull the boy out of the water and resuscitate him.
Ihor Kalashnyk, an electrician at a construction hypermarket. In May of this year, after Russian aerial bombs hit the hypermarket, he fully shut down the power to the building and helped evacuate four visitors from a smoke-filled area. He also removed generator barrels with fuel from the premises to prevent another explosion.
Polina Sholokh, a SES signaller. While at a car wash, she heard a woman screaming. Next to her was a boy with no signs of life, who had been pulled out of a drainage pit. Polina immediately began CPR, and after several minutes, the boy was breathing again.
Oleksandr Zhuk, a physical education teacher. Near a lake, he heard cries for help and saw three girls in the water. One had already lost consciousness and was pulling another down. Oleksandr rescued two of the girls from the water, while the third made it to the shore on her own.
Committed to getting a few sunrises in this month, I ventured out to Irvine again to face east and get one this morning. Unfortunately it didn't happen as expected, despite breaks in the clouds, there was just too much cloud about. I did grab this cold and misty one though before sunrise which I thought turned out nice, summed up my morning and made my trip worth while!
You can also follow my work on Facebook please hit the 'like' button there to be kept up to date, thanks!
Nero
54–68 (Died age 30 — Committed suicide after being declared a public enemy by the Senate)
Great-nephew, stepson, son-in-law and adopted son of Claudius; nephew of Caligula; great-great-nephew of Tiberius; grandson of Germanicus; great-great-grandson of Augustus
Born: Antium, Italia (50 km south of Rome)
Hair: light brown, fair, blondish (“subflavum” — Suet. Nero 51) (via Cocci) “hair fair” (via Canter)
Eyes: grey eyes (“oculis caesis — Suet. Nero 51) (via Cocci) “eyes gray and dull; shortsighted and wont to contract brows, in order to recognize near objects the better” (via Canter)
Skin: “skin freckled and repulsive” (via Canter)
Other: “abdomen prominent. Health good.” (via Canter)
Height: “Stature a little below average; face agreeable rather than attractive” (via Canter)
The Baymont Inn & Suites is committed to providing you with top notch lodging at amazing prices. Beautiful rooms. Beautiful prices. For beautiful people like you. Start your visit to Des Moines the right way by checking into the Baymont Inn and Suites of Des Moines! Your stay is welcomed by an immaculate lobby for you and your guests, followed by exceptional customer service by our hosts. Post check-in, you may be interested in relaxing at the wonderful indoor pool that also features a great hot tub and fitness facility. Towels are always made available for you and your guests located inside the pool area!
Within the vicinity, there are several restaurants for you to enjoy. Iowa Beef Steakhouse is only a half mile from the hotel. This restaurant was voted #1 for the Finest Steak House In Des Moines in 2005. The other restaurants near the hotel are: Bonanza Buffet, Plaza Mexico, Country Kitchen, and Village Inn.
Venues such as the Civic Center, Hoyt Sherman Auditorium, Wells Fargo Arena, and Des Moines playhouse are all within 7 miles of this hotel. You can view all upcoming events by going to www.eventful.com!!!
"Great King Sized Jacuzzi Suite"
Jackie W. - Past Guest
"Best Continental Breakfast"
Past Guest
Amenities
•Complimentary HOT deluxe breakfast
•Complimentary USA Today
•Complimentary Wireless Internet
•Free Local Calls
•Business Services - Fax, Print, Email
•ATM
•Vending Machine
•Indoor Pool
•Hot Tub
•Exercise Room
•In Room Microwave
•In Room Refrigerator
•In Room Hairdryer
•In Room Iron and Board
•In Room Coffee Pot
•Large Work Desks
•Cable Television With Premium Channels
Meeting Facilities
•Two Large Meeting Facilities
•Meeting Room Can Accommodate 130 People
•On Site Catering Service/Garden Courtyard/Hospitality Room Available/Audio & Visual Equipment Included
Check out the beautiful jacuzzi suites while you are here! These are for 21 and up. Anyone under 21 must be accompanied by parent or guardian.
Baymont Inn presents eight different Jacuzzi Suites for guest enjoyment. During Valentine's weekend, the suites start to book from December. The guest may choose from 8 different styles. As of March 2009, the following styles are available:
•Luxury
•Japanese
•Canopy Bed
•Floral
Each suite features a 2-person hot tub with power jets. You will also find in-room amenities such as coffee pot, iron, microwave, refrigerator, and hairdryer! In the morning, please enjoy complimentary hot breakfast served from 6-9 am. We look forward to meeting you!
4685 Northeast 14th Street, Des Moines, IA 50313
Phone (515) 265-4777
Fax (515) 262-7469
I have known Aris since 1998 through one of the Projects that we work together with. We keep in touch since then .
Aris just bought his new DSLR last month and is very keen on photography. We already had our photography outing 2 times - one in Putrajaya and the other one was in KL Old City.
I managed to candid few of Aris portrait in action when we were outing last weekend in KL Old City. You can also check his gorgeous photostream at :
www.flickr.com/photos/aris_abdullah/
Location : KL Old City, Kuala Lumpur
The Baymont Inn & Suites is committed to providing you with top notch lodging at amazing prices. Beautiful rooms. Beautiful prices. For beautiful people like you. Start your visit to Des Moines the right way by checking into the Baymont Inn and Suites of Des Moines! Your stay is welcomed by an immaculate lobby for you and your guests, followed by exceptional customer service by our hosts. Post check-in, you may be interested in relaxing at the wonderful indoor pool that also features a great hot tub and fitness facility. Towels are always made available for you and your guests located inside the pool area!
Within the vicinity, there are several restaurants for you to enjoy. Iowa Beef Steakhouse is only a half mile from the hotel. This restaurant was voted #1 for the Finest Steak House In Des Moines in 2005. The other restaurants near the hotel are: Bonanza Buffet, Plaza Mexico, Country Kitchen, and Village Inn.
Venues such as the Civic Center, Hoyt Sherman Auditorium, Wells Fargo Arena, and Des Moines playhouse are all within 7 miles of this hotel. You can view all upcoming events by going to www.eventful.com!!!
"Great King Sized Jacuzzi Suite"
Jackie W. - Past Guest
"Best Continental Breakfast"
Past Guest
Amenities
•Complimentary HOT deluxe breakfast
•Complimentary USA Today
•Complimentary Wireless Internet
•Free Local Calls
•Business Services - Fax, Print, Email
•ATM
•Vending Machine
•Indoor Pool
•Hot Tub
•Exercise Room
•In Room Microwave
•In Room Refrigerator
•In Room Hairdryer
•In Room Iron and Board
•In Room Coffee Pot
•Large Work Desks
•Cable Television With Premium Channels
Meeting Facilities
•Two Large Meeting Facilities
•Meeting Room Can Accommodate 130 People
•On Site Catering Service/Garden Courtyard/Hospitality Room Available/Audio & Visual Equipment Included
Check out the beautiful jacuzzi suites while you are here! These are for 21 and up. Anyone under 21 must be accompanied by parent or guardian.
Baymont Inn presents eight different Jacuzzi Suites for guest enjoyment. During Valentine's weekend, the suites start to book from December. The guest may choose from 8 different styles. As of March 2009, the following styles are available:
•Luxury
•Japanese
•Canopy Bed
•Floral
Each suite features a 2-person hot tub with power jets. You will also find in-room amenities such as coffee pot, iron, microwave, refrigerator, and hairdryer! In the morning, please enjoy complimentary hot breakfast served from 6-9 am. We look forward to meeting you!
4685 Northeast 14th Street, Des Moines, IA 50313
Phone (515) 265-4777
Fax (515) 262-7469
A figure used in a lecture from JR James at the Department of Town and Regional Planning at The University of Sheffield between 1967 and 1978.
APOPO is committed to clearing landmines and other explosives so we can release land at an accelerated pace to protect people and livestock, and release whole communities from daily anxiety. Innocent people in countries like Cambodia and Angola are still getting killed or maimed by landmines that were laid in their fields more than 30 years ago, before most of them were even born. Landmines are also found in remote areas where endangered wildlife roams, such as APOPO’s program along the border between southwest Zimbabwe and Mozambique.
Since we began 25 years ago, APOPO has found and destroyed over 155,000 landmines and other explosive remnants of war, returned over 82 million square meters (equivalent to 11,500 soccer fields) of safe land to communities, and freed over 1.8 million people from debilitating injury or death.
Alexandra is a very involved and committed student at Arlington High School, and her hard work and dedication can be seen daily at the school.
The list of clubs, organizations and teams that Alexandra is involved in is rather large: Academic Decathlon, UIL Literary Criticism, Destination Imagination, Project SOAR, Math Club, French Club, Quiz League, Key Club, tennis and more. She’s also taken dual-credit classes and is a part of the International Baccalaureate Programme at Arlington High School.
Alexandra has also been a valuable part of Arlington’s Teen Court program for the last three years, and she was appointed by Mayor Robert Cluck to serve as a high school representative for the Teen Court Advisory Board. Last winter, Alexandra was named City of Arlington Volunteer of the Month for her work with Teen Court.
Alexandra is an outstanding student who goes above and beyond! Congratulations, Alexandra!
CAMP KENJUN, Japan – Army Command Sgt. Maj. Eric C. Dostie, command sergeant major, United States Army Japan (USARJ), met with his Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF) counterparts at JGSDF Western Army headquarters in Camp Kenjun in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan, Feb. 12, 2016.
The brief but productive visit with the JGSDF Western Army’s commanding general, Lt. Gen. Ogawa Kiyoshi, and command sergeant major, Warrant Officer Kimura Hiroomi, punctuated Dostie’s farewell tour in preparation for his return to the U.S. for his next assignment this spring.
“This will likely be the last time I meet these men,” said Dostie, a native of Merrimack, New Hampshire. “It was also the best opportunity to see how far we’ve come and where we go from here.”
After making friendly introductions and boarding a bus at Kumamoto airport, Hiroomi guided Dostie and his team to a memorial dedicated to Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) Col. Kunio Nakagawa, commander of the Japanese forces that defended the island of Peleliu during a fierce, 73-day battle between the IJA and U.S. Marines in the fall of 1944. Nakagawa’s elaborate defensive network and stalwart resistance inflicted more than 10,000 allied casualties. He committed ritual suicide Nov. 24, 1944, after his force of approximately 11,000 troops had diminished to a few dozen men. The IJA posthumously promoted Nakagawa to lieutenant general.
“[Nakagawa] and I were both born and raised in Kumamoto Prefecture,” said Hiroomi as he delicately brushed his fingers against the monument’s marble engraving. “I respect his ability to lead and inspire his outnumbered and isolated command … I have tried to emulate many of his leadership qualities throughout my military career.”
Hiroomi and Dostie also discussed how the Battle of Peleliu demonstrates how bitter enemies can later settle their feuds in the name of promoting peace, friendship and prosperity for future generations.
“We paid our respects to a soldier,” said Dostie. “Regardless which country they served, we honor fallen professionals who were dedicated to their mission and the people sworn to carry out that mission. Memorials like this allow us to reflect on the past and appreciate the sacrifices made on both sides to create our current, close relationship.”
The group proceeded to Camp Kenjun where a traditional Japanese style luncheon awaited the distinguished guests. Between honorific toasts and satisfied appetites, Dostie, Hiroomi and Kiyoshi discussed their past successes, present challenges and future opportunities to enhance the bilateral partnership among the JGSDF, JGSDF and their respective noncommissioned officer corps. Most notably, the three leaders proposed plans to enhance their NCO corps’ role in Yama Sakura (YS) 71, one of the world’s largest bilateral training exercises.
“Western Army will host YS 71 this December,” said Dostie. “[Lt. Gen.] Kyoshi and Warrant Officer Kiyoshi sounded genuinely interested in placing more emphasis on the NCO corps’ roles and responsibilities, particularly in relation to staffing and planning.”
“We work very closely with the [U.S.] Marines to develop our amphibious operations,” said Hiroomi. “We currently have several hundred [JGSDF] service members training with Marines in Camp Pendleton … I would like to see that high level of collaboration carry over to U.S. Army and JGSDF service members participating in YS 71.”
The tour concluded with both sides exchanging gifts and well wishes. Dostie presented Hiroomi and Kiyoshi custom made plaques as well as the latest issue of the “NCO Update,” USARJ’s first publication that highlights the achievements of USARJ and the JGSDF NCO Corps.
“Although my time [in Japan] was short, I feel confident that we laid the foundation a stronger NCO corps,” said Dostie. “I look forward to the day when our two Armies work so closely together that it becomes second nature."
Dostie plans to meet with the command sergeant majors of every JGSDF regional army prior to relinquishing his command to Army Command Sgt. Maj. Richard Clark, currently the command sergeant major of the 173rd Airborne Brigade based in Vicenza, Italy.
Photo and story by Army Sgt. John L. Carkeet IV, U.S. Army Japan
TobaccoDays (TD) is committed to showing you; the pipe-maker, the pipe collector, the pipe hobbyist – the pipe world from a different perspective. Every topic covered on TD aims to make you think different. Aims to make you see different. Anything & everything that we can bundle up together and have the final outcome alter an existing attitude on the subject covered, is considered a wonderful day here at TD.
Today I launch a new series which has the aim to highlight the beautiful & varied texture on our beloved pipes. Yes, we hold our pipes, caress them, enjoy them & smoke them day in and day out. Do we ever miss some of the small details though? Can we look at them any deeper? Of course we can.
To assist that process, I went out and hired a professional photographer (high-speed camera, strobe lights, big set-up & all) and took macro pictures of pipes to focus on their surface, their texture. The next phase of the project required me to find a way to express the beauty of the pipe’s surface. Since I lack any skill in the photo shop arena, I went out and hired a professional graphic designer and together we art-directed the project and took it to it’s final stages. The question of – How do we show the beauty of the pipe’s surface & make sure that we ‘really see it’ was the one thing guiding this project. While the pipe’s surrounding’s are definitely photo-shopped, the actual surface of the pipe remains 100% untouched. You are looking at the actual pipe surface of a J.T. Cooke pipe, as it looks in reality. This was part of the project’s point. To show the surface, unchanged, in order to highlight it’s ‘interest factor’ that much more.