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The society of the Hamar tribe of the Omo Valley (Ethiopia) consists in a complex system of age groups with complicated rituals to pass from one to the other; The bull-jumping is the final test before passing into adulthood and getting married;
Before the jump, the women of the jumper’s family are whipped to blood to prove their courage and accompany him during the test;
The whipper running the bull jumping is called maze; Mazes are single men who have already performed bull jumping; They are hired to whip the women during the ceremony and earn goats and money as a salary; Mazes survive on payments received for these ceremonies; They only feed themselves with milk, honey and meat; Once they get married, they get a dowry and some land if they are lucky; The Mazes take part to the elders’ meeting before the ceremony;
The cow jumping or bull leaping consists in walking naked over bulls without falling; Once this is done, the boy becomes a man and is able to get married; Any boy who fails will be publicly humiliated, whipped by his female relatives and teased, insulted and beaten by both men and women for the rest of his life;
© Eric Lafforgue
The Mursi tribe (also called Murzu) is the most popular tribe in the southwestern Ethiopia, in the lower Omo Valley, 100 km north of Kenyan; The Mursi are around 10 000 people and live in the Mago National Park, established in 1979;Â Due to the climate, they move twice a year between the winter and summer months;Â They herd cattle and grow crops along the banks of the Omo River; The Mursi are sedentary rather than nomadic; Their language belongs to the Nilo-Saharan linguistic family; Very few Mursi people speak Amharic, the official Ethiopian language; Although a small percentage of the Mursi tribe is Christian, most of them still practice animism; Women and men are shaved because they hate hairiness; Both like to make scarification on their bodies; Women as a beauty sign, men after killing animals or enemies as competition for grazing land has led to tribal conflicts;
The Mursi men have a reputation for being aggressive and are famous for their stick fighting ceremony called donga; The winner of the donga will be able to select the girl of his choice to have relations with her if she agrees; Similar to the Surma tribe, the Mursi tribe people commonly drink a mixture of blood and milk; Over the past few decades they and their neighbours have faced growing threats to their livelihoods because the Ethiopian government officials have been actively evicting Mursi people from the Omo National Park, without any compensation, to rent their land to foreign investors; Drought has made it difficult for many families to feed themselves by means of their traditional mix of subsistence activities; The establishment of hunting concessions has added to the pressure on scarce resources;
The society of the Hamar tribe of the Omo Valley (Ethiopia) consists in a complex system of age groups with complicated rituals to pass from one to the other; The bull-jumping is the final test before passing into adulthood and getting married;
Before the jump, the women of the jumper’s family are whipped to blood to prove their courage and accompany him during the test;
The whipper running the bull jumping is called maze; Mazes are single men who have already performed bull jumping; They are hired to whip the women during the ceremony and earn goats and money as a salary; Mazes survive on payments received for these ceremonies; They only feed themselves with milk, honey and meat; Once they get married, they get a dowry and some land if they are lucky; The Mazes take part to the elders’ meeting before the ceremony;
The cow jumping or bull leaping consists in walking naked over bulls without falling; Once this is done, the boy becomes a man and is able to get married; Any boy who fails will be publicly humiliated, whipped by his female relatives and teased, insulted and beaten by both men and women for the rest of his life;
© Eric Lafforgue
The society of the Hamar tribe of the Omo Valley (Ethiopia) consists in a complex system of age groups with complicated rituals to pass from one to the other; The bull-jumping is the final test before passing into adulthood and getting married;
Before the jump, the women of the jumperâs family are whipped to blood to prove their courage and accompany him during the test;
The whipper running the bull jumping is called maze; Mazes are single men who have already performed bull jumping; They are hired to whip the women during the ceremony and earn goats and money as a salary; Mazes survive on payments received for these ceremonies; They only feed themselves with milk, honey and meat; Once they get married, they get a dowry and some land if they are lucky; The Mazes take part to the eldersâ meeting before the ceremony;
The cow jumping or bull leaping consists in walking naked over bulls without falling; Once this is done, the boy becomes a man and is able to get married; Any boy who fails will be publicly humiliated, whipped by his female relatives and teased, insulted and beaten by both men and women for the rest of his life
© Eric Lafforgue
The Hamar (Hamer, Hammer) tribe is about 35,000 people, living in Hamer Bena woreda, a fertile part of the Omo River valley, in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region (SNNPR) in Ethiopia; It’s a pastoral tribe, placing a high value on cattle; At least 27 words are used to qualify the variations of colours and textures of cattle! Each man has a human, a goat and a cow name;
Here, the cattle is being put in line for the bull jumping ceremony, the final test before passing into adulthood and getting married;
Before the jump, the women of the jumper’s family are whipped to blood to prove their courage and accompany him during the test;
The whipper running the bull jumping is called maze; Mazes are single men who have already performed bull jumping; They are hired to whip the women during the ceremony and earn goats and money as a salary; Mazes survive on payments received for these ceremonies; They only feed themselves with milk, honey and meat; Once they get married, they get a dowry and some land if they are lucky; The Mazes take part to the elders’ meeting before the ceremony;
The cow jumping or bull leaping consists in walking naked over bulls without falling; Once this is done, the boy becomes a man and is able to get married; Any boy who fails will be publicly humiliated, whipped by his female relatives and teased, insulted and beaten by both men and women for the rest of his life;
© Eric Lafforgue
In the Hamar tribe in the Omo Valley, Ethiopia, the final test before passing into adulthood and getting married is the bull-jumping ceremony; These ceremonies are run by the maze, the whipper; Mazes are single men who have already performed bull jumping; They are hired to whip the women during the ceremony and earn goats and money as a salary; Mazes survive on payments received for these ceremonies; They only feed themselves with milk, honey and meat; Once they get married, they get a dowry and some land if they are lucky; The Mazes take part to the eldersâ meeting before the ceremony;
Before the jump, the women of the jumperâs family are whipped to blood to prove their courage and accompany him during the test;
© Eric Lafforgue
Bana people (also spelled Banna or Benna) are an indigenous tribe of 50 000 people, of the lower Omo Valley in Ethiopia; Their neighbors are the Hamer tribe;Â They are really similar to them and are for that reason often called Hammer-Bena;
The Banna People are a friendly people and they look fantastic; women wear many decorations and men wear the clay or braided hair style they get when they honour the slain of an enemy or of a wild animal; They live mostly of agriculture in upland areas to the east of the Omo Valley, adjacent to the area of Ari and Tsemai; You can meet them in the markets of Key Afer where they trade;
Just like most of the tribes the Bena practice ritual dancing and singing;Â The men often have their hair dressed up with a colorful clay cap that is decorated with feathers;Â Women of the tribe wear beads in their hair held together with butter;
The bull-jumping is the most significant ceremony in the social life of the Bana, the final test before passing into adulthood and in order to get married;
© Eric Lafforgue
The society of the Hamar tribe of the Omo Valley (Ethiopia) consists in a complex system of age groups with complicated rituals to pass from one to the other; The bull-jumping is the final test before passing into adulthood and getting married;
Before the jump, the women of the jumper’s family are whipped to blood to prove their courage and accompany him during the test;
The whipper running the bull jumping is called maze; Mazes are single men who have already performed bull jumping; They are hired to whip the women during the ceremony and earn goats and money as a salary; Mazes survive on payments received for these ceremonies; They only feed themselves with milk, honey and meat; Once they get married, they get a dowry and some land if they are lucky; The Mazes take part to the elders’ meeting before the ceremony;
The cow jumping or bull leaping consists in walking naked over bulls without falling; Once this is done, the boy becomes a man and is able to get married; Any boy who fails will be publicly humiliated, whipped by his female relatives and teased, insulted and beaten by both men and women for the rest of his life;
© Eric Lafforgue
The society of the Hamar tribe of the Omo Valley (Ethiopia) consists in a complex system of age groups with complicated rituals to pass from one to the other; The bull-jumping is the final test before passing into adulthood and getting married;
Before the jump, the women of the jumperâs family are whipped to blood to prove their courage and accompany him during the test;
The whipper running the bull jumping is called maze; Mazes are single men who have already performed bull jumping; They are hired to whip the women during the ceremony and earn goats and money as a salary; Mazes survive on payments received for these ceremonies; They only feed themselves with milk, honey and meat; Once they get married, they get a dowry and some land if they are lucky; The Mazes take part to the eldersâ meeting before the ceremony;
The cow jumping or bull leaping consists in walking naked over bulls without falling; Once this is done, the boy becomes a man and is able to get married; Any boy who fails will be publicly humiliated, whipped by his female relatives and teased, insulted and beaten by both men and women for the rest of his life;
© Eric Lafforgue
The Arbore (or Erbore) tribe is a small tribe of about 4000 people living in the southwest region of the Omo Valley in Ethiopia;Â the Arboreâs region lies within the East African Rift Valley, about 50km north of Lake Stephanie (Chew Bahir); The Tsemay people are their neighboring tribe;
It is agropastoral tribe; Their most important possession is their cattle as wealth is measured by the number of animals a tribesman owns; Agriculture (maize and sorghum), together with animal husbandry is vital for their subsistence and maintained by an elaborate irrigation system alongside the River Woyto; The Arbore possess detailed knowledge of botanical species; During the annual dry season, they regularly supply their neighbours with grain in exchange for honey, tobacco, coffee, or livestock; In times of drought the Arbore are often the last group within the wider region who still have stocks of grain, facilitated by the location of their fields along the river; This allows many people to survive in times of famine;
Because they have ancestral and cultural links to the Konso tribe and the pastoral groups of the surrounding lowlands, the Erbore traditionally played an important role as middlemen in trade between the Omo River and the Konso Highlands; The town of Erbore lies in an area where several tribal borders converge; Thus the Erbore people routinely intermarry with other ethnic groups like the Guji and Borana, The Hamer and the Tsemai;
The women of the tribe cover their heads with a black cloth and are known for wearing very colorful necklaces and earrings;Â Body painting is done by the Arbore kids using natural colors made from soil and stone mostly to attract touristsâ pictures;
They perform many ritual dances while singing;Â They believe that their singing and dancing eliminate negative energy and with the negative energy gone, the tribe will prosper;
© Eric Lafforgue
The society of the Hamar tribe of the Omo Valley (Ethiopia) consists in a complex system of age groups with complicated rituals to pass from one to the other; The bull-jumping is the final test before passing into adulthood and getting married;
Before the jump, the women of the jumperâs family are whipped to blood to prove their courage and accompany him during the test;
The whipper running the bull jumping is called maze; Mazes are single men who have already performed bull jumping; They are hired to whip the women during the ceremony and earn goats and money as a salary; Mazes survive on payments received for these ceremonies; They only feed themselves with milk, honey and meat; Once they get married, they get a dowry and some land if they are lucky; The Mazes take part to the eldersâ meeting before the ceremony;
The cow jumping or bull leaping consists in walking naked over bulls without falling; Once this is done, the boy becomes a man and is able to get married; Any boy who fails will be publicly humiliated, whipped by his female relatives and teased, insulted and beaten by both men and women for the rest of his life;© Eric Lafforgue
The menit tribe lives in the Omo Valley, in Ethiopia ; They are he Surma tribe's neighbours and are often mistaken for them ; Yet, these two tribes donât get on well ; The Menit are indeed closer to the Dizi, whom they meet in Tum, on the market ; Women have facial scarifications and men generally walk with a long and thin phallic-shaped wooden stick ; The Menit are currently threatened and displaced by the Ethiopian government ; Their land is taken to be sold, notably to foreign companies ;
© Eric Lafforgue
Surma or suri is a sedentary pastoral tribe living in south west ethiopia, in omo valley on the western bank of the omo river, in kibish and tulgit areas;
only few surma are familiar with amharic, ethiopia’s official language, and the literacy level is very low; lip plate and donga stick fights are the two typical distinctive features of these people, shared with the neighbouring mursi people;
Suri women wear giant lip plates as a sign of beauty, like in mursi tribe, and also an attraction for tourists; maintaining their image of an untouched people, living in one of the last wildernesses of africa; when they are ready to marry, teenagers start to make a hole in the lower lip with a wooden stick; it is to be removed the day after to put a bigger one; and then by a lip plate; few months after, it reaches its final size, and girls are seen as beautiful; the lip plate is made of wood or terracotta; the pressure of the plate breaks the lip, the girl will be considered as ugly and won't be able to marry anyone apart from old men or sick people
© Eric Lafforgue
Bana people (also spelled Banna or Benna) are an indigenous tribe of 50 000 people, of the lower Omo Valley in Ethiopia; Their neighbors are the Hamer tribe;Â They are really similar to them and are for that reason often called Hammer-Bena;
The Banna People are a friendly people and they look fantastic; women wear many decorations and men wear the clay or braided hair style they get when they honour the slain of an enemy or of a wild animal; They live mostly of agriculture in upland areas to the east of the Omo Valley, adjacent to the area of Ari and Tsemai; You can meet them in the markets of Key Afer where they trade;
Just like most of the tribes the Bena practice ritual dancing and singing;Â The men often have their hair dressed up with a colorful clay cap that is decorated with feathers;Â Women of the tribe wear beads in their hair held together with butter;
The bull-jumping is the most significant ceremony in the social life of the Bana, the final test before passing into adulthood and in order to get married;© Eric Lafforgue
Surma or Suri is a sedentary pastoral tribe living in south west Ethiopia, in Omo Valley on the western bank of the Omo River, in Kibish and Tulgit areas;
Only few Surma are familiar with Amharic, Ethiopiaâs official language, and the literacy level is very low; Lip plate and Donga stick fights are the two typical distinctive features of these people, shared with the neighbouring Mursi people;
© Eric Lafforgue
The society of the Hamar tribe of the Omo Valley (Ethiopia) consists in a complex system of age groups with complicated rituals to pass from one to the other; The bull-jumping is the final test before passing into adulthood and getting married;
Before the jump, the women of the jumper’s family are introducing themselves standing still with one arm up in the air to be whipped to blood to prove their courage and accompany him during the test;
The whipper, or maze, is the one running the bull jumping iceremony; Mazes are single men who have already performed bull jumping; They are hired to whip the women during the ceremony and earn goats and money as a salary; Mazes survive on payments received for these ceremonies; They only feed themselves with milk, honey and meat; Once they get married, they get a dowry and some land if they are lucky; The Mazes take part to the elders’ meeting before the ceremony;
The cow jumping or bull leaping consists in walking naked over bulls without falling; Once this is done, the boy becomes a man and is able to get married; Any boy who fails will be publicly humiliated, whipped by his female relatives and teased, insulted and beaten by both men and women for the rest of his life;© Eric Lafforgue
The Bodi (or Meen) tribe lives close to the Omo River in southern Ethiopia (Omo Valley) and has the Mursi tribe as south neighbor and Konso at north; It is a pastoral and agricultural tribe, thus livestock plays a large role in the tribe; Along the banks of the river, they cultivate sorghum, maize and coffee;
For their new year in June, called Kael, Bodi men consume large amounts of blood and milk to become overweight; This tradition measures the body fat of a contestant; Each family or clan is allowed to present an unmarried contestant; The winner of this contest is awarded great fame by the tribe; The women in the tribe wear goatskin skirts and have a plug inserted into their chin; Most of them are now Christians;
In Hana Mursi, the main town of the Bodis, the government plans to settle 300 000 people from all over Ethiopia over the next few years; Along with the workers and soldiers, AIDS and Hepatitis B are coming too; The Bodi tribespeople do not want to give up their traditions and their land to allow the new sugar cane plantations irrigated by the water of Gibe 3 dam, and live in the settlements planned by the government; If the Konso tribe attempts to set foot on their land with the support of the government, clashes will erupt as the Bodi elders predict;© Eric Lafforgue
Ceremony organized by the government to try to pacify the situation in the region; The land of the Suri, in the Omo Valley, Ethiopia, is being stolen by the Ethiopian government to be rented to foreign companies; They are then rented out for 1 euro per hectare and per year;
Surma or Suri is a sedentary pastoral tribe living in south west Ethiopia, in Omo Valley on the western bank of the Omo River, in Kibish and Tulgit areas;
Only few Surma are familiar with Amharic, Ethiopiaâs official language, and the literacy level is very low; Lip plate and Donga stick fights are the two typical distinctive features of these people, shared with the neighbouring Mursi people;
© Eric Lafforgue
In the Hamar tribe in the Omo Valley, Ethiopia, the final test before passing into adulthood and getting married is the bull-jumping ceremony; These ceremonies are run by the maze, the whipper; Mazes are single men who have already performed bull jumping; They are hired to whip the women during the ceremony and earn goats and money as a salary; Mazes survive on payments received for these ceremonies; They only feed themselves with milk, honey and meat; Once they get married, they get a dowry and some land if they are lucky; The Mazes take part to the eldersâ meeting before the ceremony;
Before the jump, the women of the jumperâs family are whipped to blood to prove their courage and accompany him during the test;© Eric Lafforgue
Bana people (also spelled Banna or Benna) are an indigenous tribe of 50 000 people, of the lower Omo Valley in Ethiopia; Their neighbors are the Hamer tribe;Â They are really similar to them and are for that reason often called Hammer-Bena;
The Banna People are a friendly people and they look fantastic; women wear many decorations and men wear the clay or braided hair style they get when they honour the slain of an enemy or of a wild animal; They live mostly of agriculture in upland areas to the east of the Omo Valley, adjacent to the area of Ari and Tsemai; You can meet them in the markets of Key Afer where they trade;
Just like most of the tribes the Bena practice ritual dancing and singing;Â The men often have their hair dressed up with a colorful clay cap that is decorated with feathers;Â Women of the tribe wear beads in their hair held together with butter;
The bull-jumping is the most significant ceremony in the social life of the Bana, the final test before passing into adulthood and in order to get married;
© Eric Lafforgue
Ceremony organized by the government to try to pacify the situation in the region; The land of the Suri, in the Omo Valley, Ethiopia, is being stolen by the Ethiopian government to be rented to foreign companies; They are then rented out for 1 euro per hectare and per year;
Surma or Suri is a sedentary pastoral tribe living in south west Ethiopia, in Omo Valley on the western bank of the Omo River, in Kibish and Tulgit areas;
Only few Surma are familiar with Amharic, Ethiopiaâs official language, and the literacy level is very low; Lip plate and Donga stick fights are the two typical distinctive features of these people, shared with the neighbouring Mursi people
© Eric Lafforgue
Ceremony organized by the government to try to pacify the situation in the region; The land of the Suri, in the Omo Valley, Ethiopia, is being stolen by the Ethiopian government to be rented to foreign companies; They are then rented out for 1 euro per hectare and per year;
Surma or Suri is a sedentary pastoral tribe living in south west Ethiopia, in Omo Valley on the western bank of the Omo River, in Kibish and Tulgit areas;
Only few Surma are familiar with Amharic, Ethiopia’s official language, and the literacy level is very low; Lip plate and Donga stick fights are the two typical distinctive features of these people, shared with the neighbouring Mursi people;
© Eric Lafforgue
Ceremony organized by the government to try to pacify the situation in the region; The land of the Suri, in the Omo Valley, Ethiopia, is being stolen by the Ethiopian government to be rented to foreign companies; They are then rented out for 1 euro per hectare and per year;
Surma or Suri is a sedentary pastoral tribe living in south west Ethiopia, in Omo Valley on the western bank of the Omo River, in Kibish and Tulgit areas;
Only few Surma are familiar with Amharic, Ethiopiaâs official language, and the literacy level is very low; Lip plate and Donga stick fights are the two typical distinctive features of these people, shared with the neighbouring Mursi people;
© Eric Lafforgue
Surma or Suri is a sedentary pastoral tribe living in south west Ethiopia, in Omo Valley on the western bank of the Omo River, in Kibish and Tulgit areas;
Only few Surma are familiar with Amharic, Ethiopia’s official language, and the literacy level is very low; Lip plate and Donga stick fights are the two typical distinctive features of these people, shared with the neighbouring Mursi people;
© Eric Lafforgue
Ceremony organized by the government to try to pacify the situation in the region; The land of the Suri, in the Omo Valley, Ethiopia, is being stolen by the Ethiopian government to be rented to foreign companies; They are then rented out for 1 euro per hectare and per year;
Surma or Suri is a sedentary pastoral tribe living in south west Ethiopia, in Omo Valley on the western bank of the Omo River, in Kibish and Tulgit areas;
Only few Surma are familiar with Amharic, Ethiopiaâs official language, and the literacy level is very low; Lip plate and Donga stick fights are the two typical distinctive features of these people, shared with the neighbouring Mursi people;
© Eric Lafforgue
Nail Fungus: Lack These Two Nutrients And You Risk Total Body Infection
Doctors and medical researchers are horrified...
They can't believe that if you lack these 2 nutrients, your nail fungus can turn into a total body infection...
Some unfortunate patients already have lost their legs and hands, and one even literally got "eaten alive" by a common bedsheet fungus [see true story here].
==>https://bit.ly/3EfSgkX
If you have nail fungus, you need to see this urgent public warning now!
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The skin of the tribes in Southern Ethiopia has a special reaction to cutting: the cicatrization creates raised scars. People may add ash and certain organic saps to the cut in order to make the scarring more prominent and/or embellished. The determination to bear the pain shown by a girl undergoing scarification is also an indication of her emotional maturity and willingness to bear children.
© Eric Lafforgue
Now pinch your belly fat - notice how much denser and cooler it is?
That's because your belly fat has poor blood flow making it next to impossible for your fat burning hormones to come in and do their job.
But what if you could quickly and safely support healthy circulation and blood flow to your belly fat and drown your fat cells in adrenaline... in less time than it takes you to change the channel on your television?
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Terrible posture was the most important thing to correct here before we could start to pack on the muscle!
So after much pondering, well months if not years considering the good and bads of cutting my hairs ✂️
I'm everevolving, so when you feel it I think it's natural to change hairstyle too.
I usually cut my hairs by myself, but this time having long hairs, it was complex on the sides and back, so I asked my brother Denis De Iacovo to help me out.
He shoot the pics too
The choice was made and the scissors and clipper ✂️ were unleashed.
It's a variation based on the classic disconnected undercut, the back end is V shaped like a mohawk.
In the end I like the result a lot, after leaving my hair long for so much years I wasn't sure to look better, but I do, at least in my eyes.
I left them long enough on the top I'm able to style em in different ways.
Have a wonderful day
Surma or suri is a sedentary pastoral tribe living in south west ethiopia, in omo valley on the western bank of the omo river, in kibish and tulgit areas;
only few surma are familiar with amharic, ethiopiaâs official language, and the literacy level is very low; lip plate and donga stick fights are the two typical distinctive features of these people, shared with the neighbouring mursi people;
© Eric Lafforgue