Biotech
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This mural is a symbol of how science and art can work together to improve the climate, mental health, and aesthetics of urban spaces. Made with photocatalytic paints that actively neutralize air pollution, it was created to commemorate the 75th anniversary of the Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences. The ecological solution was conceived by PhD student Aleksandra Raczyk, M.Sc. Eng., and designed and executed by Tomasz Jędrczak. Łódź, Poland.
Thank you all for comments & faves :)
the one on the right is Dolly's sister Dolly, I cloned her in Photoshop - ;-)
I guess most will know the case of Dolly the first cloned large mammal back in 1996 -
Dolly was cloned by Keith Campbell, Ian Wilmut and colleagues at the Roslin Institute, part of the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, and the biotechnology company PPL Therapeutics, based near Edinburgh.
The funding for Dolly's cloning was provided by PPL Therapeutics and the Ministry of Agriculture. She was born on 5 July 1996 and died from a progressive lung disease five months before her seventh birthday (the disease was not considered related to her being a clone) on 14 February 2003.
She has been called "the world's most famous sheep" by sources including BBC News and Scientific American.
The cell used as the donor for the cloning of Dolly was taken from a mammary gland, and the production of a healthy clone therefore proved that a cell taken from a specific part of the body could recreate a whole individual.
On Dolly's name, Wilmut stated "Dolly is derived from a mammary gland cell and we couldn't think of a more impressive pair of glands than Dolly Parton's."
Read more at Wikipedia - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolly_(sheep)
Biotechnology is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living ...
-source wikipedia
George Orwell: “If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face—for ever.”
Let’s manipulate information and control behavior. Let’s alter thoughts and behavior. Let’s manipulate brain function. Let’s use nanotechnology, biotechnology, artificial intelligence, and big data to alter the cognition of humanity. We will not only attack what they think, but also the way they think—the very way their brains processes information. We will influence their decision-making, we will change their behavior.
It’s a war on the brain and the way it functions. Indeed, the human mind is the new battlefield. Psychological operations…psychological warfare…cognitive warfare…yet the war isn’t really for your mind, but for your soul—for your eternity.
The boot: satan’s plan for humanity. It will step on your mind, it will crush your soul. It will hold you down, it will oppress you. If you take the Mark, it will stamp on your face for ever.
A technocratic dystopia, a digital gulag is coming for you. Take the microchip, become a human hybrid—owned by patent, easily controlled. Transhumanism: the dawning of a new era. A dystopian nightmare of Biblical proportions!
Jeremiah 25:31 “His cry of judgment will reach the ends of the earth, for the LORD will bring his case against all the nations. He will judge all the people of the earth, slaughtering the wicked with the sword. I, the LORD, have spoken!”
Biotechnology work and health research was the main focus on Thursday aboard the International Space Station. Five Expedition 73 crew members also scheduled some time for training and additional experiment cleanup duties.
Understanding how the human body reacts to spaceflight is crucial as humans prepare for missions to the Moon and beyond. The CIPHER investigation, or the Complement of Integrated Protocols for Human Exploration Research, is one of many ongoing health-focused studies in microgravity that looks at how various systems in the body—the heart, muscles, bones, and eyes—adapt to longer missions. NASA Flight Engineer Anne McClain dedicated a large portion of her week to CIPHER activities and continued through today as she collected biological samples for processing and analysis. Later on, she completed a cognition test, then teamed up with NASA Flight Engineer Jonny Kim, as he guided her through a vestibular exam before a scan that measures the pressure in her eyes.
This oblique of view of the sun’s glint beaming off Lake Superior was taken at about 8:34 a.m. local time from the International Space Station as it orbited 263 miles above the state of Minnesota, Land of 10,000 Lakes.
Photo Credit: NASA
#NASA #InternationalSpaceStation #ISS #Launch #Astronauts #Crew #SpaceX #Expedition73 #SpaceStation #science
Read more about the Commercial Crew Program
The biopower and biopolitics of the biotechnocracy with its nonexistent bioethics of biotechnology. The vaccine gene therapy, altering DNA, manipulating basic biology with spike protein. We will biohack the proteins and DNA that are central to your biology. Human genetic engineering will lead to artificial intelligence and bioengineering. AI and biotechnology will be the end of the real you. Take the jab, take the biohazard, receive your biopassport. Get your biochip, become a bionerd. Don’t be biosensitive; don’t let the bioink leak from yours eyes as you cry out in joy. We wouldn’t want your embedded biosensors to send out an emergency alert, now would we? Synthetic biology and biological data. 666 and the biosurveillance system. Bio-serfdom: equality for all! Let’s eradicate poverty, let’s make y’all biodigital slaves! If you don’t believe transhumanism is right around the corner, then check out the government website below.
Here is an article on the Canadian government website called: Exploring Biodigital Convergence
horizons.gc.ca/en/2020/02/11/exploring-biodigital-converg...
Here is one for you Americans: In science we trust!
“I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United Nations, and to the New World Order for which it stands, one post-nation under pseudoscience, divisible, without liberty and justice for all.”
Abort millions of babies…oh wait…now we don’t have enough skilled labour, and who is going to pay taxes to look after our ageing population? We have low birth rates, so let’s bring in large numbers of immigrants. Multiculturalism, let’s make you a melting pot of people. We will erode your culture and values…and who needs borders? The future is tranhumanism! Humans will evolve until there is no race or gender or reproduction…as for culture and borders, they will no longer exist…it’s all part of the plan…divide, conquer, and assimilate into the transhuman revolution. Humans will continue to evolve until they no longer resemble humans. Humans will become extinct. Survival of the fittest! Many will die in this evolution of man and AI, but some will adapt and survive. You will be owned like cattle, and once your purpose is fulfilled, we will get rid of you…like we do to those in the womb today…life isn’t sacred…especially if you aren’t even human…just some sort of parasite. Welcome to the New World Order of transhumanism!
Thankfully we have a Saviour, so things will only go so far. The Mark of the Beast is as far as transhumanism will get. When Jesus returns He will throw all the transhumans into hell. That will be the end of transhumanism. There is no eternal life in transhumanism, except for eternal life in hell.
1 Corinthians 3:18-20 “Stop deceiving yourselves. If you think you are wise by this world’s standards, you need to become a fool to be truly wise. For the wisdom of this world is foolishness to God. As the Scriptures say, ‘He traps the wise in the snare of their own cleverness.’ And again, ‘The LORD knows the thoughts of the wise; he knows they are worthless.’”
The concept of this image and write-up stems from the book Between Two Ages, which was written by Zbigniew Brzezinski and published in 1970. The content of this book deals with issues from the Cold War era. Much of the information is obsolete, yet some of it can be applied to our time. He even left a few nuggets of insight into the globalist plan.
Brzezinski wondered how America would fare in its transition from the industrial age to the technetronic age (the digital age or the third industrial revolution). Currently, we are in transition between the third industrial revolution and the fourth industrial revolution. The first industrial revolution occurred in the 18th and 19th centuries and introduced mechanization and industry. The second industrial revolution took place in the late 19th and early 20th century and brought electricity and mass production. The third industrial revolution, from the mid-20th century to the present, gave us computers and the internet. We are currently entering the fourth industrial revolution. It will usher in artificial intelligence, machine learning, robotics, quantum computing, blockchain and digital ledgers, digital tokenization and crypto assets, virtual and mixed reality, biotechnology and transhumanism. The fourth industrial revolution will introduce a new worldwide economic system based around digital biometric IDs, central bank digital currencies, social credit scores, and carbon footprint trackers. During COVID-19, the transition of the fourth industrial revolution was referred to as the Great Reset or Build Back Better. Understand this: they cannot bring in this new system without the implementation of digital IDs!
The elitist scum don’t have the power to take over the world by force. They must seize it slowly through deception, propaganda, social engineering, and technology. Technology has both unified and fragmented society. Civilization was once separated by time and space. A person on one side of the world didn’t know what was happening on the other side. A traveler or messenger would have to travel a long way to relay distant news. Technology gave us the radio, the television, and the internet. As technology advanced, it reduced time and space between people. This sped things up. Today, we find people with similar interests online. We put less effort into local friendships that build community. We, instead, build impersonal relationships with people from around the world. We have isolated ourselves from the real world and those around us. This isolates us from our social support system, and we become lonely. A similar situation happens with nations. Nations also had a certain amount of time and space, which acted as insulators against excessive friction. This gave them room to maneuver, and it gave them the distance needed to maintain their own identity.
As people increasingly moved to the big cities, it became harder for them to make and maintain friendships. Agenda 21 of the United Nations aims to relocate individuals from rural areas to the cities. They call it sustainability. They will use endangered species as an excuse to keep or push people off the land. Aww, those poor endangered turtles and frogs! The Bundy Ranch standoff highlighted some of these things. “When the U.S. government declared the Mojave desert tortoise an endangered species in 1989, it effectively marked the cattle ranchers of Nevada’s Clark County for extinction. Rancher Cliven Bundy once had neighbors on the range: when the tortoise was listed, there were about 50 cattle-ranching families in the county. Some of them fought court battles to stay, rejecting the idea their cattle posed a danger to the tortoises. But, one by one, they slowly gave up and disappeared. Clark County is not an isolated case. Disputes over land rights are playing out in many Western states, especially in rural areas, where some residents and lawmakers question the legitimacy of the federal government’s claim to swathes of land.” They also want to designate more and more land as parklands and protected areas.
Previously, I posted a write-up inspired by three Canadian government documents. These documents said that climate change would eventually drive people off parts of the land, and that insurance companies would not provide insurance to anyone living in such areas. They also talked about regularly using weather manipulation. Shocker! One thing I failed to mention was their plan to give large tracts of land to the Indians. They admitted that this would cause anger, protests, and violence. British Columbia passed legislation to incorporate this United Nations declaration into law: the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act. The government is now working towards giving the Indians vast plots of land. The Indians are claiming a city not far from me! This would destroy private property rights in the province. Read the communist manifesto, and you’ll see who desires to abolish private property. Decolonization! Truth and reconciliation! This is nothing new to me; I knew these things were coming many years ago. I knew they would use the Indians to drive us from the rural areas into the cities. Eventually, they will remove the Indians from the land. They are but pawns.
Agenda 21 is the 100-year plan of the United Nations to implement global governance. They must rely on public-private partnerships (governments, corporations, NGOs, and billionaires) to execute their plan. This is a form of fascism! As we speak, governments, corporations, and billionaires are swallowing up rural lands. Rural data centers, anyone? Save the environment! Climate emergency! Mismanage the forests to create wildfires. Mismanage logging to cause flooding. 15-minute smart cities are the future! How about Saudi Arabia’s megacity NEOM, which will be 170 kilometers long! NEOM will be a special economic zone—a Network state. Or what about Tri-State City, which would span across the Netherlands, Belgium, and Germany? Get the farmers off the land; we need to build our Tower of Babel! “The next Global superpower will be a Network state.” These megacity Network states will be part of a worldwide techno-feudal system. In the Book of Revelation, there are ten kings, just sayin’.
When one era ends and another begins, the lines get blurred. At the time, it’s hard to distinguish which era is which. This new era will shape our society culturally, psychologically, socially, and economically. It will affect all aspects of our lives. In order to bring us into this age, they will need to swap the old system with the new. The old is not compatible with the new.
AI will replace many jobs, so we must introduce Universal Basic Income. Yet, to truly solve this problem, we must merge man with AI. Transhumanism will bring about worldwide equality! These post-humans will become dependent on the new system. There will be no going back to the old system or way of life. They must deal with their loss of humanity. They must find a new sense of meaning in this brave new world. Their perceived reality will be different, yet their new sensations will be quite real.
Everyone will be completely malleable. We will tamper with their very essence. We will modify their personality, manipulate their behavior, exploit their emotions, control their reason, and guide their conscious decisions. No longer will propaganda be needed to manipulate them. “I foresee the time when we shall have the means and therefore, inevitably, the temptation to manipulate the behaviour and intellectual functioning of all the people through environmental and biochemical manipulation of the brain.” Indeed, Brzezinski mentioned using chemicals for mind control and altering the human genetic structure. He also believed that in a few decades, “they could develop a system that would seriously impair the brain performance of very large populations.” Such a society would be dominated by technocrats whose claim to power would be superior scientific knowledge. They would not hesitate to influence public behavior with the latest modern technology. They would keep society under close surveillance and control.
People’s reality has moved from a local to a global context. Brzezinski doesn’t like the term “global village,” instead, he likes the term “global city.” A village has important characteristics such as: “personal stability, interpersonal intimacy, implicitly shared values, and traditions.” A global city, on the other hand, is “a nervous, agitated, tense, and fragmented web of interdependent relations.” The interactions of the global city lack intimacy, which causes insecurity. The high-trust culture associated with village intimacy will be absent from the nervous interaction of the global city.
A global community fragments humanity. It detaches people from their traditional roots. In the past, an individual only associated with their family and village. Eventually, their reach expanded to other regions of the nation. Today, we associate with a global community. The past had greater cohesion and harmony than the global ecosystem of today. Currently, experts from around the world collaborate to solve problems. This sounds like ‘global citizens,’ from a ‘global community,’ solving ‘global problems.’ Kumbaya! Social engineering at its finest!
Mass media exploits our fragmented society, creating a highly controlled society. Cultural change will come through social engineering. People will deliberately and consciously choose to follow what they’ve been fed. According to Brzezinski, electronic devices could be used to educate children from home. This is reminiscent of COVID-19! During the next plandemic or climate lockdown, these “developments may become the handmaidens of constructive change.” Brzezinski also concluded that feminism would enhance society’s cultural growth and standards. Of course, anything that corrupts and fragments society helps the globalist agenda.
“A community of the developed nations must eventually be formed if the world is to respond effectively to the increasingly serious crisis that in different ways now threatens both the advanced world and the Third World.” They want to bring together the leaders of the developed world to discuss global problems. As you can see today, we have globalist entities like the G7 and G20. They desire to use global cooperation to string the world’s nations together, using “a variety of indirect ties.” They can then steer those nations by using various intergovernmental organizations. Of course, their crowning jewel is the United Nations. They must have interconnected cooperation—a cooperative community of nations. They want the rich nations to help the poor nations, because they don’t want the third world to revolt against the system. Foreign aid, here we come, cha-ching, cha-ching! Foreign aid is also a great tool for guiding the Third World in the desired direction.
Brzezinski said that sovereignty is fiction. He stated that they must make “intensive efforts to shape a new world monetary structure.” Cashless society, here we come! They want to build an “international structure of production and financing” for international trade. In progressive stages, they want to introduce free-trade areas. Of course, these free-trade areas (economic zones) are really megacity Network states. They want to bring in a “global taxation system.” Woohoo, a global carbon tax!
Just think! A man on a white horse brings peace to the Middle East. Then the Jews start building their new temple. Strange, a rider on a red horse then comes to take peace from the earth? The Enlightenment tradition has failed! Liberalism has failed! Democracy has failed! Free market capitalism has failed! Therefore, we’ll introduce a new authoritarian system! Stakeholder capitalism (fascism), here we come! Green economy, here we go! Fight the state, fight diversity, have your civil war, the red horseman will slaughter you with his sword. Oh, wait, what do we have here? The mother of all harlots—the world religion—rides in on the Beast with seven heads and ten horns (kings). We’ll create a one-world religion and bring spiritual unity. Hey, let’s have a ceremony for the new Jewish temple! Now, the vision of the trashumanists will come true: an AI god will be introduced. Oh, what’s this abominable idol of desolation sitting in the temple? World, here’s your new AI god! Surprise, surprise, a zealous Jew kills the antichrist at the celebration. Wow, say it ain’t so, the antichrist comes back to life! “He opposes and exalts himself above every so-called god or object of worship, so that he sits in God’s temple, proclaiming that he himself is God.” Hooray, the christ has risen! Let’s worship the antichrist and his Image. Then the Beast and the ten kings destroy the harlot (Revelation 17:16). She served her purpose; we have the true christ now! Ta-da, all people must take the Mark of the Beast-chip. Finally, the world has transitioned into the new age. It’s an age of global technocratic governance and transhumanism.
The mindset of some of these globalists and transhumanists could be used to create a sci-fi movie: The technocrats rule as kings in their Network states. They recreate mankind in their own image (trans-humans). They recreate nature (trans-nature). Eventually, the useless eaters—the peasant class—are done away with. No upgrades for you! The technocrats then fight to outlast, outwit, and outplay one another, until they destroy the earth and what’s left of mankind. Next, they inhabit the planets, recreating the universe (trans-universe). In the end, they fight until one is left standing. The winner is declared god!
“This new perspective involves growing recognition that man’s propensity for scientific innovation cannot be restrained—that as long as man’s mind functions, scientific innovation will be one of its expressions.” ‒ Zbigniew Brzezinski
Our world appears to be like The Truman Show: scripted and fake! I’ve stumbled upon numerous things over the years, and I hope to study them deeply. It would take a lifetime of reading. Nevertheless, I think it’s possible to find the evidence needed to answer my questions.
What if wars are planned?
What if communism was aided and abetted?
What if fascism was nurtured too?
What if protests are planned?
What if economic crashes are deliberate too?
What if the Federal Reserve is privately owned?
What if we were taken off the Gold Standard to kill the middle class and indebt us?
What if most of our politicians are puppets?
What if political parties are one big uniparty?
What if our democracy is an illusion?
What if Western Intelligence is run by outside interests?
What if the CIA assassinates American Presidents?
What if the CIA assassinates people like Charlie Kirk too?
What if the CIA is behind the mainstream news?
What if the CIA is behind Hollywood too?
What if the CIA is behind the music industry?
What if the CIA is behind the drug epidemic? What if they want sex, drugs, and debauchery too?
What if the CIA is behind the drug cartels?
What if the CIA is behind the Mafias?
What if the CIA is behind the gangs?
What if the CIA is behind domestic terrorist attacks? What about 9/11 too?
What if the CIA is behind many of the international terrorist groups?
What if the CIA is behind many of the mass shootings?
What if the CIA is behind many of the serial killers?
What if the CIA uses brainwashing and mind control?
What if the CIA was behind the feminist movement?
What if the CIA was behind playboy and Hugh Hefner?
What if the CIA was behind Hustler and Larry Flynt?
What if the CIA was behind Jeffrey Epstein?
What if the CIA is behind human sex trafficking?
What if the CIA is behind human trafficking?
What if the CIA is behind the porn industry?
What if Western intelligence was behind major occult figures?
What if Western intelligence was promoting the occult?
What if Western intelligence was promoting the New Age movement?
What if esoteric ideologies have shaped our thinking to accept the new world order?
What if the CIA assassinated foreign politicians and installed puppets? What if these puppets allowed the World Bank, IMF, and corporations to rape their natural resources and make them debt-slaves too?
What if the CIA is behind many of the AI companies? What if their CEOs are in bed with Trump too?
What if the Internet is a net and the World Wide Web is a web to ensnare us?
What if our education system is meant to dumb us down and indoctrinate us?
What if sex education is meant to make the youth promiscuous?
What if race and gender theory are preparing them for a transhuman society without race and gender?
What if schools are sexually grooming children?
What if the lack of discipline in schools spoils and ruins them?
What if they discourage old-school parental discipline such as spanking?
What if the welfare system is used to make people dependant?
What if the welfare system was used to break up the black family? What if abortion is used to keep their population numbers down too?
What if birth control was legalized for population control?
What if abortion was legalized for population control?
What if homosexuality was legalized for population control?
What if they made AIDS in a laboratory?
What if they weaponized cancer?
What if they weaponized Lyme disease and other diseases? What about Dementia, Alzheimer’s, and Autism too?
What if antidepressants fry our brains? What if they cause suicides, killings, and mass shootings too?
What if they use frequencies, microwave technology, and 5G to harm and control us?
What if chemtrails rain down heavy metals? What if they block sunlight too?
What if plastics screw with our hormones? What if microplastics can be linked to chronic diseases too?
What if they put fluoride in the water to pacify us?
What if genetically modified foods modify us?
What if AI is meant to replace us?
What if Climate Change is a hoax?
What if green energy is a scam?
What if COVID-19 was a plandemic?
What if mRNA technology alters DNA?
What if vaccines are for population control?
What if they are trying to sterilize us? What if sterilizing agents have been found in baby products too?
What if multiculturalism is meant to replace our culture?
What if mass immigration is meant to bring down the West too?
What if work visas are meant for cheap labour?
What if modern technology is meant to rewire our brains?
What if the purpose of the United Nations is world governance?
What if they’re building a surveillance society?
What if they’re building a cashless society?
What if they’re building a transhuman society?
What if ten rulers control the world from behind the scenes? What if they’re the patriarchs of the wealthiest families in the world? What if they’re Satan’s minions too?
What if?
Revelation 17:12-13: “The ten horns you saw are ten kings who have not yet received a kingdom, but who for one hour will receive authority as kings along with the Beast. They have one purpose and will give their power and authority to the Beast.”
The Monsanto Company is an American multinational agricultural biotechnology corporation. It is a leading producer of the herbicide glyphosate, which it markets under the Roundup brand. Monsanto is also a leading producer of genetically engineered seed.
As one of pioneering companies in applying biotechnology to agriculture, Monsanto also brought into agriculture the standard biotechnology industry business model, in which patent rights play a key role, as patents allow such companies to recoup the expense of biotech research. Monsanto's application of this business model to agriculture, along with a growing movement to create a global, uniform system of plant breeders' rights in the 1980s, came into direct conflict with customary practices of farmers to save, reuse, share and develop plant varieties. Monsanto's role in these changes in agriculture, has made Monsanto controversial, as have its current and former products, which include genetically engineered seed and bovine growth hormone.
Monsanto is the largest producer of glyphosate herbicides in the United States through its brand Roundup, which is used to kill weeds, especially annual broadleaf weeds and grasses that compete with commercial crops. Monsanto's United States patent on glyphosate expired in 2000. While glyphosate has been associated with birth defects in laboratory animals, possibly by affecting retinoic acid signalling, its impact on humans remains unclear. As of 2009, sales of Roundup herbicides represent about 10% of Monsanto's yearly revenue.
In 1926, when environmental policy was generally governed by local governments, Monsanto founded and incorporated the town of Monsanto, later renamed Sauget, Illinois, to provide a more business friendly environment for one of its chemical plants. For years, the Monsanto plant in Sauget was the nation's largest producer of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs), a chemical once used as a common electrical insulator. And although PCBs were banned in the 1970s, they remain in the water along Dead Creek in Sauget. EPA officials referred to Sauget as "one of the most polluted communities in the region" and "a soup of different chemicals"
In 2002, The Washington Post carried a front page report on Monsanto's legacy of environmental damage in Anniston, Alabama related to its legal production of PCBs. Plaintiffs in a pending lawsuit provided documentation showing that the local Monsanto factory knowingly discharged both mercury and PCB-laden waste into local creeks for over 40 years. In a story on January 27, The New York Times reported that during 1969 alone Monsanto had dumped 45 tons of PCBs into Snow Creek, a feeder for Choccolocco Creek which supplies much of the area's drinking water. The company also buried millions of pounds of PCB in open-pit landfills located on hillsides above the plant and surrounding neighborhoods. In August 2003, Solutia and Monsanto agreed to pay plaintiffs $700 million to settle claims by over 20,000 Anniston residents related to PCB contamination.
According to an anonymous 2001 document obtained by the Center for Public Integrity, Monsanto has been identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as being a "potentially responsible party" for 56 contaminated sites (Superfund sites) in the United States. Monsanto has been sued, and has settled, multiple times for damaging the health of its employees or residents near its Superfund sites through pollution and poisoning.
A UK government report showed that 67 chemicals, including Agent Orange derivatives, dioxins and PCBs exclusively made by Monsanto, are leaking from the Brofiscin quarry, near Groesfaen in Wales, an unlined porous quarry that was not authorized to take chemical wastes. It emerged that the groundwater had been polluted since the 1970s. The government was criticised for failing to publish information about the scale and exact nature of this contamination. The UK Environment Agency estimated that it would cost £100m to clean up the site, called "one of the most contaminated" in the UK.
More info on Monsanto's controversial practices here: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsanto
President Donald J. Trump listens to a reporter’s question during a press conference Monday, July 27, 2020, at the Bioprocess Innovation Center at Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies in Morrisville, N.C. (Official White House Photo by Shealah Craighead)
iss065e006581 (April 26, 2021) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 65 Flight Engineer Michael Hopkins packs components of the Real-time Protein Crystal Growth experiment for return and analysis on Earth. The biotechnology study seeks to demonstrate new methods for producing high-quality protein crystals in microgravity and identify possible targets for drugs to treat diseases on Earth.
Bio fluorescense underwater
Fungia scutaria possibly
Location: Maeda ,Okinawa
Depth: 5-85feet on reef
More Info on Photographing Fluorescence www.nightsea.com/ This is the SOLA NIGHTSEA I used to photograph these specimens underwater
Marco Bischof's widely acclaimed book has already sold some 30'000 German-language copies (9th printing) since its publication in March 1995, and the success is continuing. It is the first comprehensive book on the world market for the general and scientific public on one of the hottest fields of frontier science which is about to lead to major conceptual breakthroughs and many useful applications in biophysics, biomedical science, biology, biotechnology, environmental science and food technology. Thousands of medical doctors, scientists, and interested laypersons in Germany, Switzerland and Austria who from the many newspaper and magazine articles and from several TV features in the last couple of years were aware of this development of potential breakthroughs in a number of scientific disciplines and wanted to obtain more precise and broadly accessible information have been waiting for this book that will remain the definitive publication on the topic for many years to come. Russian and Chinese translations are in preparation. The book has been awarded the 1995 Book Price by the Scientific and Medical Network (U.K.) and the Swiss Award 1997 by the Swiss Parapsychological Foundation.
What are biophotons ?
Biophotons, or ultraweak photon emissions of biological systems, are weak electromagnetic waves in the optical range of the spectrum - in other words: light. All living cells of plants, animals and human beings emit biophotons which cannot be seen by the naked eye but can be measured by special equipment developed by German researchers.
This light emission is an expression of the functional state of the living organism and its measurement therefore can be used to assess this state. Cancer cells and healthy cells of the same type, for instance, can be discriminated by typical differences in biophoton emission. After an initial decade and a half of basic research on this discovery, biophysicists of various European and Asian countries are now exploring the many interesting applications which range across such diverse fields as cancer research, non-invasive early medical diagnosis, food and water quality testing, chemical and electromagnetic contamination testing, cell communication, and various applications in biotechnology.
According to the biophoton theory developed on the base of these discoveries the biophoton light is stored in the cells of the organism - more precisely, in the DNA molecules of their nuclei - and a dynamic web of light constantly released and absorbed by the DNA may connect cell organelles, cells, tissues, and organs within the body and serve as the organism's main communication network and as the principal regulating instance for all life processes. The processes of morphogenesis, growth, differentiation and regeneration are also explained by the structuring and regulating activity of the coherent biophoton field. The holographic biophoton field of the brain and the nervous system, and maybe even that of the whole organism, may also be basis of memory and other phenomena of consciousness, as postulated by neurophysiologist Karl Pribram an others. The consciousness-like coherence properties of the biophoton field are closely related to its base in the properties of the physical vacuum and indicate its possible role as an interface to the non-physical realms of mind, psyche and consciousness.
The discovery of biophoton emission also lends scientific support to some unconventional methods of healing based on concepts of homeostasis (self-regulation of the organism), such as various somatic therapies, homeopathy and acupuncture. The "ch'i" energy flowing in our bodies' energy channels (meridians) which according to Traditional Chinese Medicine regulates our body functions may be related to node lines of the organism's biophoton field. The "prana" of Indian Yoga physiology may be a similar regulating energy force that has a basis in weak, coherent electromagnetic biofields.
Background
First discovered in 1923 by Russian medical scientist Professor Alexander G.Gurvich (who named them "mitogenetic rays") and in the 1930s widely researched in Europe and the USA, biophotons have been rediscovered and backed since the 1970s by ample experimental and theoretical evidence by European scientists. In 1974 German biophysicist Fritz-Albert Popp has proved their existence, their origin from the DNA and later their coherence (laser-like nature), and has developed biophoton theory to explain their possible biological role and the ways in which they may control biochemical processes, growth, differentiation etc. Popp's biophoton theory leads to many startling insights into the life processes and may well provide one of the major elements of a future theory of life and holistic medical practice based on such an approach. The importance of the discovery has been confirmed by eminent scientists such as Herbert Froehlich and Nobel laureate Ilya Prigogine. Since 1992, the International Institute of Biophysics, a network of research laboratories in more than 10 countries, based in Germany, is coordinating research in this field which promises rapid development in the next decade.
Aims of the book
To date the few books about biophotons have been highly technical and written mainly in German. Not even among these, there was any single book integrating all that is known today about this fascinating field of science which is likely to become soon a much discussed topic also in the English-speaking world. The author, who in 1994-95 has served as Managing Director of the International Institute of Biophysics at Neuss (Germany) and still is a member of the Board of Directors of this institute, has closely followed biophoton research since 1977 and so was predestined to write the first comprehensive account of the subject ever made. His aim was to reach a wider public among scientists, medical doctors and the scientifically aware. The book which embeds the more technical parts in a popular treatment of the historical antecedents of the concept of "energy bodies", "life energies" and biolectricity, and to the ages-old scientific controversy between vitalistic and mechanistic trends in biology and medicine, also appeals to a general readership interested in new developments in the biological and physical sciences and in medicine and in their interplay with consciousness research and new age ideas.
1. Elements of a physics of the living
What are photons ? / What are biophotons ? / What is the origin of biophoton emission ? / The coherence of biophotons / Regulation by the biophoton field / The network of light metabolism / The present state of the discussion / Biophoton theory and alternative medicine / Biophoton theory as a basis for a scientific theory of life appropriate to nature / The new concept of the cell / The big network / From the molecular to the field perspective / Significance of the new concept / Will biology turn out to be more fundamental than physics ? / Possibilities of misuse / Which philosophy will prevail ?
PART I. Prehistory
2. The Aura
The concept of nonmaterial "energy bodies" / Subtle bodies of light / "Mana" and "inner fire" / Indian, Tibetan and Chinese concepts / Visionary concept of the "essential light" of man / Paracelsus' "archaeus"
3.Electrobiology and vitalism
Bioelectricity / The vitalistic tradition / Romantic medicine: illness as a developmental crisis / Claude Bernard's homeostasis: self-regulation of the organism
4. Scientific Medicine
At the origin of modern electrophysiology: the injury current / The Berlin school of physiology: the "overcoming" of vitalism / The "Bernstein hypothesis" of the membrane potential: paradigm of the new "scientific medicine" / The link between electricity and life energy is severed / "Scientific medicine" conquers the US and the world / Ehrlich's "receptor theory"
5. From Mesmer to Reich
Mesmer's "animal magnetism" / Baron Reichenbach's "odic force" / Wilhelm Reich's "orgone"
6. The inconquerable aura
Kilner's aura screens / Albert Hofmann: the aura is subjective / A contemporary description of the aura / The biophysical basis of the aura
7. Electromagnetic man
Blondlot's "N-rays" / Hofmann finds "head and hand rays" / An early Swiss pioneer of electrobiology / The beginnings of modern electrobiology: Burr's "electrodynamic field" / Electromagnetic field structure at the beginning of embryonic development / Electrical determination of ovulation / The connection between electrodynamic field and the psyche / Electrical indications of illness / Robert O.Becker rehabilitates Matteucci's injury current / The body's own electrical regeneration system / Successful electrical stimulation of bone repair / The discovery of the "perineural DC system" / Brain and nervous system: a combination of analog and digital information coding ?
PART II: Beginnings
8. Alexander Gurvich and mitogenetic radiation
The onion root experiment of 1922 / Cells emit light at birth and at death / Cellular radiation and cancer / The theory of the biological field / The "unequilibrated molecular complexes" / Gurvich as a pioneer of modern biophysical concepts / The fate of mitogenetic research / The two schools of biophoton research / The reasons for the ending of Western mitogenetic research before World War II / After World War II
9. Fritz-Albert Popp: How a physicist came to the light
The riddle of cancer genesis / Light in the organism ? / The Kaznacheev experiment / The foundations for biophoton theory are laid
10. ....and there was light !
The first rigorous proof for the existence of the cell emission / Enormous enhancement of chemical reactivity / Experimental proof for Prigogine's theory
11. A stony way to knowledge
The "imperfection theory" / Lossless circulation of light in the cell / Is plant and animal tissue transparent for light ? / A challenge to laboratory physics / Recognition comes
12. From chaos to order : Prigogine's "dissipative structures" and Froehlich's "Bose-condensate"
The biochemical world picture / Dissipative structures / Coherent electromagnetic interactions
13. The bio-informatics of electromagnetic interactions
Our radiation environment / Ionizing radiation / Non-ionizing radiation / UV radiation / UV light and the immune system / The visible light / The role of the pineal / Antagonistic effects of colored light / How light enters into the body / Fundamental light sensitivity / High-frequency radiation / Electromagnetic pollution / Two opposite views on biological communication / ULF, ELF and VLF (low frequency) radiation / Weather radiation / The correspondence between weather radiation and brainwaves / On the search for a new explanation of radiation effects
14. A scientific revolution
Meaningful event or blind mechanism ? / The Berlin and the Goettingen schools of thought / An antipode of molecular biology: Georges Lakhovsky / A pioneer of the new thinking: Vladimir Vernadsky / Presman's revolutionary concept / New approaches come to prevail only very slowly / Non-equilibrium thermodynamics and the principle of least effort / The two currents in science: mechanists vs. vitalists / Quantitative power thinking versus the wisdom of non-violence / The intelligence of nature
PART III . Fundamentals
15. The ecology and the physiology of light
The radiation of the sun and the self-regulation of "Gaia". Photosynthesis / Skin and eyes as "light valves" / The role of melanin in the transduction of light
16. Organisms as light stores
Coherent sunlight / The cavity model / Hyperbolic decay / Organisms are biological lasers
17. DNA: Light storage in spiral molecules
Replication / Repair / Transcription / Translation / DNA hyperstructures / The ethidium bromide experiment / DNA the most important source of biophoton emission / The exciplex model of DNA / DNA as lasering matter / The origin of Schroedinger's "order suction" (?) : Bose-condensation in DNA / Photon-phonon-interaction / DNA as a pulsating "light pump" / A hierarchy of light-active molecule systems / Molecular and cellular pulsations / Melanins as collaborators of DNA ? / DNA predestined to be the central control of the biophoton field / The antenna geometry of DNA
18. Coherent states: Organisms at the threshold between Yin and Yang
The bioplasma concept / The biological laser field: dynamic stability at the laser threshold / The peculiarity of biological coherence / The Dicke theory and "Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics" / Actual and potential information / Biological consequences
19. The genesis and development of life in the biophoton field
Matter consists of vibrations / Particles and fields originate from the "void" / Quantum physics treats reality according to acustical laws / Jenny's "cymatics" as a model of morphogenesis / The basic mechanism of morphogenesis: Interference / The importance of frequency / Light as the organizing principle of matter / Material structures as antennae for radiation / Evolution in the radiation field / The communication experiments / The residual light amplifier makes biophotons visible for the first time / When blood cells communicate / Evolution as the expansion of coherent states
20. The biophoton field as morphogenetic field: The development of the embryo
Field properties of organisms / The field description of the cleaving process shows harmonical laws / Holographic properties / Further stages of embryonic development: The dialectics of internal and surface cellular fields / The transition from cleavage to gastrulation: From point symmetry to axial symmetry / The genesis of partial fields / The phase of the genesis of germinal layers: a sensitive stage
21. The three germinal layers
Germinal layers as energy systems / Dissimilar degree of coherence of the three systems
22. The regulation of differentiation and growth by the biophoton field
Properties of organisms that are not determined by genetic activity / junk genes ? / The "c value paradoxon" / Non-genetic role of DNA ? / The exciplex model of DNA solves open problems in biology / The complementarity of growth and differentiation / The electromagnetic model of cell differentiation and growth confirmed experimentally
23. Biochemical regulation
Coordinated and ordered biochemical activity through the biophoton field / The biochemistry of the cell in a new light / The role of photon frequencies and of the particle geometry / Dynamical structuring of the regulating field / Are biological rhythms controlled by the biophoton field ? / Homeostasis through light-controlled entropy gradients / The entire metabolic work accomplished by biophotons ?
24. Harmonical structures
Mitotic spindle ordered by cavity waves ? / Microtubuli as optical waveguides ? / Cell skeleton built up by light ? / The role of water / Order and water metabolism in the cell are linked / Vibrating musculature / A complex resonance structure makes the organism react very sensitively / States of tension / Biophotons in the nervous system / Holographic biophoton fields in the brain / Altered states of consciousness / A coupling between the nervous system and other oscillators in the organism ? / Our odorous aura
PART IV. Applications
25. Illness and health
Health as a coherent state / Illness as a developmental crisis / Stages of illness / Immunological resistance and effectiveness of substances explainable through biophoton field
26. Regulation forms and types of illness
Polar ordering of regulation systems / Reactive types and the proneness towards certain illnesses / Yin and Yang illnesses / Pischinger's "Basic regulatory system" as a basis for all regulations
27. Cancer: Loss of coherence and of the ability to store light
Cancer tissue has different emission / The tumor is the symptom, not the illness / A fast and cheap tumor test
28. Homeopathic principles as a "guiding line" for modern medicine
Holistic regulation through vibrations / High potencies improve the coherence of the organism and are effective on the causal level / Homeopathic effects not explainable biochemically / Electromagnetic fields can substiute substances / The memory of water / Coherence therapy
29. Urine, blood, and breath tests; smoking test
The luminescence of urine indicates illnesses / Has blood radiation a diagnostic value ? / Blood and urine of smokers show stronger emission / Luminescent breath
30. A test for determining immunological resistance
Radiant phagocytes / A Tibetan drug under test / Biophoton measurements on the flu remedy Echinacine
31. Food quality analysis
In fact we eat sunlight / A concentration of the sunlight towards DNA / ATP as a light carrier / Not the caloric but the information content determines the quality of foodstuffs / The light storage capacity of the "living macromolecules" / Fats and sunlight / A test system for Popp's hypothesis / Free range eggs clearly distinguishable from battery eggs / Is it possible to discriminate biological from conventional foodstuffs ? / Different production and fertilization methods as well as contamination by pesticides and heavy metals engender different biophoton emissions / Bacterial contamination in beer can be detected at an early stage / Biophoton method is superior to biochemical analysis in some essential aspects / The result in the controversy about biological products / Detection of oxidative degradation of organic substances
32. Agriculture
Improvement of quality and yield through "resonance stimulation" by laser light / Bad quality and low resistance of glass-house products due to lack of UV light / Electromagnetic stimulation of growth (electroculture) / Acoustic stimulation of plant growth
33. Water research and "biological activity"
Water - an enigmatic substance / Water structures - facts and speculations / The memory of water / Are biological experiments and biophoton measurements more adequate than other methods of investigation ? / Is the structural aspect of water overemphasized ? / Different types of water can be differentiated / The discrimination of natural and synthetic substances based on their "biological activity"
34. Environmental pollution
Gaseous pollutants / Biophoton emission as a measure of the Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) of ionizing radiation / Synergetic mechanisms of damage
35. Dying forests
Water lentils as bio-indicators / Nuclear plants and dying forests: is there a connection ? / Electrochemical smog and dying forests
36. Methods of bioelectronic diagnosis
1. The Bioelectronic Test according to Vincent / Bioelectronic measurements of body fluids to assess Claude Bernard's "terrain" / Cancer prognosis possible ?
2. Electroacupuncture / Electroacupuncture according to Voll (EAV) / Electroacupuncture according to Croon ("Electroneural diagnostics") / The "Ryodoraku method" of Nakatani / The AMI method of Motoyama
3. The bases of acupuncture / A possible participation of meridians in the formation of embryonic organs / Meridians may be not material channels but node lines of the biophoton field / Acupuncture points electrically distinguished / A new method shows if someone is healthy or ill / The stimulation of acupuncture points / Biophoton research furnishes bases for electrodiagnostics
4. Kirlian photography / Between bioelectrical measurement and biophoton measurement / Distribution of electrical charge on the skin is fundamental / Diagnostic evaluation still in its beginnings / New technical developments / Use for quality analysis of foodstuffs and liquids
5. Whole body biophoton diagnostics / The biophysical basis of the aura / The works of Gulyaev and Godik / Thermoregulation diagnostics / Biophoton measurements on humans / "Hand radiation" and healers / The whole-body biophoton diagnostics project
37. Methods of bioelectronic therapy
1. MORA and radionics
2. Electrotherapy / An old tradition / Electrotherapy in the 19th century / High-frequency AC therapy / ELF therapy
3. Chromotherapy (Therapy with colored light) / Ghadiali's chromotherapy / Beginnings of modern light therapy / The actual situation of chromotherapy
4. Laser therapy / Soft-laser applications with weak light / The work of Inyushin / Laser stimulation of tissue regeneration / Laser stimulation of acupuncture points / The mechanism of soft laser therapy / Resonance stimulation of the biophoton field
PART V. Outlook
38. The biophoton field - mediator between body and soul ?
Biophotons - to be analysed in the framework of current science / Is there an even more fundamental level of the organism "behind" the biophoton field ? / The rebirth of the "ether" / The zero-point energy of the vacuum / Bearden's "scalar fields" / Wheeler's "quantum foam" / Bohm's "implicate order" / Burkhard Heim's six-dimensional world model / Photons as mediators between matter and spirit ? / The consciousness-like aspects of matter / Coherence as a bridge to the realm of consciousness / Biophoton theory and the vacuum field / Organisms may control their own space structure and flow of time: Dubrov's theory of "biogravitation" / Pulsation between space and "counter-space": biological space and the ether in the anthroposophical doctrine / The polarity between levity and gravity / The pulse of life
Marco Bischof
522 pp., more than 160 illustrations, 5 color plates, extensive bibliography and index.
German publisher: Zweitausendeins, Frankfurt.
Publication date: March 1995
Actual edition (May 1998): 9th printing
Total number of copies sold in German-language market: 27'000
ISBN 3-86150-095-7
World rights: Zweitausendeins.
showcase Exquisite...Vitrine Exquise: Avec la participation de Art Orienté Objet, James Lee Byars, Jimmie Durham, ExtraLucide, Olivier Mosset, Matt Mullican, Rebecca Purcell, Dana Sherwood, Morgane Tschiember, Robert Williams et Raphaël Zarka. Commissariat : Sarina Basta
President Donald J. Trump speaks with laboratory personnel during a tour Monday, July 27, 2020, at the Bioprocess Innovation Center at Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies in Morrisville, N.C. (Official White House Photo by Shealah Craighead)
iss065e066486 (May 24, 2021) --- Expedition 65 Flight Engineer Thomas Pesquet of ESA (European Space Agency) services samples for the Real Time Protein Crystal Growth experiment. The biotechnology study demonstrates new methods for producing high-quality protein crystals in microgravity to potentially develop better drugs to treat a variety of diseases on Earth and advance the commercialization of space.
In the research lab
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Three microbiology images. Coliforms and E. coli from Virginia Lake (part of a student project). The numbers during the winter months were over 1000 cfu / 100 mL. Canadian guidelines: www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/publications/heal...
Brisbane land of the Turrbal Country, is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Queensland, and the third-most populous city in Australia. Brisbane's metropolitan area has a population of around 2.6 million, and it lies at the centre of the South East Queensland metropolitan region, which encompasses a population of around 3.8 million. The Brisbane central business district is situated within a peninsula of the Brisbane River about 15 km (9 mi) from its mouth at Moreton Bay, a bay of the Coral Sea. The metropolitan area extends in all directions along the hilly floodplain of the Brisbane River Valley between Moreton Bay and the Taylor and D'Aguilar mountain ranges. It sprawls across several of Australia's most populous local government areas (LGAs) — most centrally the City of Brisbane, the most populous LGA in the nation.
The city is named for the Brisbane River on which it stands, which is in turn named for Sir Thomas Brisbane, the governor of New South Wales at the time of the city's founding. The Moreton Bay penal settlement was founded in 1824 at Redcliffe as a place for secondary offenders from the Sydney colony, and soon moved to North Quay in 1825. Christian missionaries established Zion Hill in 1838, and by 1842 the region opened to free settlement. Brisbane was chosen as the capital when Queensland separated from New South Wales in 1859, and by the late 19th century had grown into a major port city and centre of immigration. During World War II, Brisbane played a central role in the Allied campaign and served as the South West Pacific headquarters for United States Army General Douglas MacArthur.
Brisbane is classified as a global city, and is an advanced centre of research and innovation in the Asia-Pacific. The city is promoted as Australia's capital of technology, with strengths in mining research and green energy, medicine and biotechnology, cryptocurrency and digital industries, and robotics. A transportation hub, Brisbane is served by a large suburban rail network and popular bus and ferry networks, as well as Australia's largest and busiest airport, and the third largest seaport. The financial district is centered on Eagle Street.
A diverse city with 32.2% of its metropolitan population being foreign-born, the city consistently ranks as one of the world's most liveable cities. Noted for its rich culture and history, the city is home to numerous museums and galleries, events and festivals, theatre and music, city art and public monuments, and historic buildings. Brisbane is known for its distinct Queenslander architecture, its spring Jacaranda blossoms, and its outdoor dining and cuisine culture. Brisbane has hosted major events including the 1982 Commonwealth Games, World Expo 88 and the 2014 G20 summit and will host the 2032 Summer Olympics and Paralympics.
Brisbane is a popular tourist destination. Major landmarks and attractions include South Bank Parklands and the Queensland Cultural Centre, including the Queensland Performing Arts Centre and Queensland Art Gallery and Gallery of Modern Art, the City Botanic Gardens, King George Square and City Hall, the Story Bridge, St John's Cathedral, the Mount Coot-tha Botanic Gardens and Lookout, Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary, Howard Smith Wharves, New Farm Park, D'Aguilar National Park, and Moreton Bay and its islands, including Moreton, North Stradbroke and St Helena.Aboriginal Australians lived in coastal South East Queensland (SEQ) for at least 22,000 years, with an estimated population between 6,000 and 10,000 individuals before European settlers arrived in the 1820s. At this time the Brisbane area was inhabited by the Turrbal people, (Turrbal also being the name of the language they spoke) who knew the area that is now the central business district as Mian-jin, meaning "place shaped as a spike". Archaeological evidence suggests frequent habitation around the Brisbane River, and notably at the site now known as Musgrave Park.
Matthew Flinders initially explored the Moreton Bay area on behalf of the British authorities. On 17 July 1799, Flinders landed at present-day Woody Point, which he named "Red Cliff Point" after the red-coloured cliffs visible from the bay. In 1823 the Governor of New South Wales, Sir Thomas Brisbane, gave instructions for the development of a new northern penal settlement, and an exploration party led by John Oxley further explored Moreton Bay in November 1823.
Oxley claimed, named, and explored the Brisbane River as far as Goodna, 20 km (12 mi) upstream from the present-day central business district of Brisbane. Oxley recommended Red Cliff Point for the new colony, reporting that ships could land at any tide and easily get close to the shore. The convict settlement party landed in Redcliffe on 13 September 1824, under the command of Lieutenant Henry Miller – the group included 14 soldiers (some with wives and children) and 29 convicts. However, the settlers abandoned this site after a year and moved to an area on the Brisbane River now known as North Quay, 28 km (17 mi) south, which offered a more reliable water-supply. The newly selected Brisbane region, at the time, was plagued by mosquitos.
After visiting the Redcliffe settlement, Sir Thomas Brisbane then travelled 45 km (28 mi) up the Brisbane River in December 1824. Governor Brisbane stayed overnight in a tent and often landed ashore, thus bestowing upon the future Brisbane City the distinction of being the only Australian capital city visited by its namesake. Chief Justice Forbes gave the new settlement the name of "Edenglassie" before it was named "Brisbane". The Corn Field Raids of 1827-1828 was a frontier conflict in the early Moreton Bay Penal Settlement. The conflict consisted of Turrbal attempts to starve out the colony by repeated plundering and destruction of the maize fields in South Bank and Kangaroo Point.
The penal settlement under the control of Captain Patrick Logan (Commandant from 1826 to 1830) flourished, with the numbers of convicts increasing dramatically from around 200 to over 1,000 men.[50] He developed a substantial settlement of brick and stone buildings, complete with school and hospital. He formed additional outstations and made several important journeys of exploration. Logan became infamous for his extreme use of the cat o' nine tails on convicts. The maximum allowed limit of lashes was 50; however, Logan regularly applied sentences of 150 lashes.
Between 1824 and 1842, almost 2,400 men and 145 women were detained at the Moreton Bay convict settlement under the control of military commandants.
Non-convict European settlement of the Brisbane region commenced in 1838 and the population grew strongly thereafter, with free settlers soon far outstripping the convict population. German missionaries settled at Zions Hill, Nundah as early as 1837, five years before Brisbane was officially declared a free settlement. The band consisted of ministers Christopher Eipper (1813–1894), Carl Wilhelm Schmidt, and lay missionaries Haussmann, Johann Gottried Wagner, Niquet, Hartenstein, Zillman, Franz, Rode, Doege and Schneider. They were allocated 260 hectares and set about establishing the mission, which became known as the German Station. Later in the 1860s many German immigrants from the Uckermark region in Prussia as well as from other German regions settled in the areas of Bethania, Beenleigh and the Darling Downs. These immigrants were selected and assisted through immigration programs established by John Dunmore Lang and Johann Christian Heussler and were offered free passage, good wages, and selections of land. Scottish immigrants from the ship Fortitude arrived in Brisbane in 1849, enticed by Rev Dr John Dunmore Lang on the promise of free land grants. Denied land, the immigrants set up camp in York's Hollow waterholes in the vicinity of today's Victoria Park, Herston, Queensland. A number of the immigrants moved on and settled the suburb, naming it after the ship on which they arrived.
Free settlers entered the area from 1835, and by the end of 1840, Robert Dixon had begun work on the first plan of Brisbane Town, in anticipation of future development. The Roman Catholic church erected the Pugin Chapel in 1850, to the design by the gothic revivalist Augustus Pugin, who was then visiting the city. Letters patent dated 6 June 1859, proclaimed by Sir George Ferguson Bowen on 10 December 1859, separated Queensland from New South Wales, whereupon Bowen became Queensland's first governor, with Brisbane chosen as the capital.[60] Old Government House was constructed in 1862 to house Sir George Bowen's family, including his wife, the noblewoman Diamantina, Lady Bowen di Roma. During the tenure of Lord Lamington, Old Government House was the likely site of the origin of Lamingtons.
During the War of Southern Queensland, indigenous attacks occurred across the city, committing robberies and terrorising unarmed residents. 'Reprisal raids' took place against the 'Duke of York's clan' in Victoria Park in 1846 and 1849 by British soldiers of the 11th Regiment, however the clan had been wrongfully targeted as the attacks on Brisbane had not been committed by the Turrbal themselves but other tribes farther north. In 1855, Dundalli, a prominent leader during the conflict, was captured and executed by hanging at the present site of the GPO.
In 1864, the Great Fire of Brisbane burned through the central parts of the city, destroying much of Queen Street. The 1860s were a period of economic and political turmoil leading to high unemployment, in 1866 hundreds of impoverished workers convened a meeting at the Treasury Hotel, with a cry for "bread or blood", rioted and attempted to ransack the Government store's.
The City Botanic Gardens were originally established in 1825 as a farm for the Moreton Bay penal settlement, and were planted by convicts in 1825 with food crops to feed the prison colony. In 1855, several acres was declared a Botanic Reserve under the Superintendent Walter Hill, a position he held until 1881. Some of the older trees planted in the Gardens were the first of their species to be planted in Australia, including the jacaranda and poinciana. It is claimed that all jacaranda trees in Australia are descended from the original jacaranda tree that grew from a seed imported by Hill in 1864.
Charles Tiffin was appointed as Queensland Government Architect in 1859, and pursued an intellectual policy in the design of public buildings based on Italianate and Renaissance revivalism, with such buildings as Government House, the Department of Primary Industries Building in 1866, and the Queensland Parliament built in 1867. The 1880s brought a period of economic prosperity and a major construction boom in Brisbane, that produced an impressive number of notable public and commercial buildings. John James Clark was appointed Queensland Government Architect in 1883, and continuing in Tiffin's design for public buildings, asserted the propriety of the Italian Renaissance, drawing upon typological elements and details from conservative High Renaissance sources. Building in this trace of intellectualism, Clark designed the Treasury Building in 1886, and the Yungaba Immigration Centre in 1885. Other major works of the era include Customs House in 1889, and the Old Museum Building completed in 1891.
Fort Lytton was constructed in 1882 at the mouth of the Brisbane river, to protect the city against foreign colonial powers such as Russia and France, and was the only moated fort ever built in Australia.
The city's slum district of Frog's Hollow, named so for its location being low-lying and swampy, was both the red light district of colonial Brisbane and its Chinatown, and was the site of prostitution, sly grog, and opium dens. In 1888, Frog's Hollow was the site of anti-Chinese riots, where more than 2000 people attacked Chinese homes and businesses.
In 1893 Brisbane was affected by the Black February flood, when the Brisbane River burst its banks on three occasions in February and again in June in the same year, with the city receiving more than a year's rainfall during February 1893, leaving much of the city's population homeless. In 1896, the Brisbane river saw its worst maritime disaster with the capsize of the ferry Pearl, between the 80-100 people onboard there were only 40 survivors.
"Progress of civilization"
Tympanum of the City Hall, depicting an angel in centre, (sculptor Daphne Mayo)
When the colonies united in a federation in 1901, celebrations were held in Brisbane to mark the event, with a triumphal arch in Queen Street. In May that year, the Duke of Cornwall and York (later King George V) laid the foundation stone of St John's Cathedral, one of the great cathedrals of Australia. The University of Queensland was founded in 1909 and first sited at Old Government House, which became vacated as the government planned for a larger residence. Fernberg House, built in 1865, became the temporary residence in 1910, and later made the permanent government house. In 1912, Tramway employees were stood down for wearing union badges which sparked Australia's first General strike, the 1912 Brisbane General Strike, which became known as Black Friday, for the savagery of the police baton charges on crowds of unionists and supporters. In 1917 during World War I, the Australian Government conducted a raid on the Queensland Government Printing Office, with the aim of confiscating copies of Hansard that covered debates in the Queensland Parliament where anti-conscription sentiments had been aired.
Russian immigration took place in the years 1911-1914. Many were radicals and revolutionaries seeking asylum from tsarist political repression in the final chaotic years of the Russian Empire; considerable numbers were Jews escaping state-inspired pogroms. They had fled Russia via Siberia and Northern China, most making their way to Harbin, in Manchuria, then taking passage from the port of Dalian to Townsville or Brisbane, the first Australian ports of call. Following the First World War, returned servicemen of the First Australian Imperial Force were focused upon socialists and other elements of society that the ex-servicemen considered to be disloyal toward Australia. Over the course of 1918-1919, a series of violent demonstrations and attacks known as the Red Flag riots, were waged throughout Brisbane. The most notable incident occurred on 24 March 1919, when a crowd of about 8,000 ex-servicemen clashed violently with police who were preventing them from attacking the Russian Hall in Merivale Street, South Brisbane, which was known as the 'Battle of Merivale street'.
The Nepalese Peace Pagoda at South Bank Parklands, a permanent exhibit retained from World Expo 88
Over 20 small municipalities and shires were amalgamated in 1925 to form the City of Brisbane, governed by the Brisbane City Council. A significant year for Brisbane was 1930, with the completion of Brisbane City Hall, then the city's tallest building and the Shrine of Remembrance, in ANZAC Square, which has become Brisbane's main war memorial. These historic buildings, along with the Story Bridge which opened in 1940, are key landmarks that help define the architectural character of the city. Following the death of King George V in 1936, Albert square was widened to include the area which had been Albert Street, and renamed King George Square in honour of the King. An equestrian statue of the king and two Bronze Lion sculptures were unveiled in 1938.
In 1939, armed farmers marched on the Queensland Parliament and stormed the building in an attempt to take hostage the Queensland Government led by Labor Premier William Forgan Smith, in an event that became known as the 'Pineapple rebellion'.
During World War II, Brisbane became central to the Allied campaign when the AMP Building (now called MacArthur Central) was used as the South West Pacific headquarters for General Douglas MacArthur, chief of the Allied Pacific forces, until his headquarters were moved to Hollandia in August 1944. MacArthur had previously rejected use of the University of Queensland complex as his headquarters, as the distinctive bends in the river at St Lucia could have aided enemy bombers. Also used as a headquarters by the American troops during World War II was the T & G Building. About one million US troops passed through Australia during the war, as the primary co-ordination point for the South West Pacific. Wartime Brisbane was defined by the racial segregation of African American servicemen, prohibition and sly grog, crime, and jazz ballroom's. In 1942, Brisbane was the site of a violent clash between visiting US military personnel and Australian servicemen and civilians, which resulted in one death and hundreds of injuries. This incident became known colloquially as the Battle of Brisbane.
Post-war Brisbane had developed a "big country town" stigma, an image the city's politicians and marketers were very keen to remove. In the late 1950s, an anonymous poet known as The Brisbane Bard generated much attention to the city which helped shake this stigma. In 1955, Wickham Terrace was the site of a terrorist incident involving shootings and bombs, by the German immigrant Karl Kast. Despite steady growth, Brisbane's development was punctuated by infrastructure problems. The state government under Joh Bjelke-Petersen began a major programme of change and urban renewal, beginning with the central business district and inner suburbs. Trams in Brisbane were a popular mode of public transport until the network was closed in 1969, in part the result of the Paddington tram depot fire, leaving Melbourne and one line in Adelaide as the last Australian state capitals to operate trams until Sydney began operation of a new system in 1997.
Between 1968 and 1987, when Queensland was governed by Bjelke-Petersen, whose government was characterised by social conservatism and the use of police force against demonstrators, and which ended with the Fitzgerald Inquiry into police corruption, Brisbane developed a counterculture focused on the University of Queensland, street marches and Brisbane punk rock music. In 1971, the touring Springboks were to play against the Australian Rugby team. This was at a time of growing international opposition to South Africa's racist apartheid policies, and The Springbok's visit allowed the Queensland Premier, Bjelke-Petersen, to declare a state of emergency for a month. Police violence erupted when several hundred demonstrators assembled outside a Brisbane motel on Thursday 22 July 1971 where the Springbok team was staying. A second protest saw a large number of demonstrators assembled once more outside the Tower Mill Motel and after 15 minutes of peaceful protest, a brick was thrown into the motel room and police took action to clear the road and consequently disproportionate violence was used against demonstrators.
In the lead up to the 1980s Queensland fell subject to many forms of censorship. In 1977 things had escalated from prosecutions and book burnings, under the introduction of the Literature Board of Review, to the statewide ban on protests and street marches. In September 1977 the Queensland Government introduced a ban on all street protests, resulting in a statewide civil liberties campaign of defiance This saw two thousand people arrested and fined, with another hundred being imprisoned, at a cost of almost five million dollars to the State Government.Bjelke-Petersen publicly announced on 4 September 1977 that "the day of the political street march is over ... Don't bother to apply for a permit. You won't get one. That's government policy now." In response to this, protesters came up with the idea of Phantom Civil Liberties Marches where protesters would gather and march until the police and media arrived. They would then disperse, and gather together again until the media and police returned, repeating the process over and over again. The Fitzgerald Inquiry between 1987-1989 into Queensland Police corruption, was a judicial inquiry presided over by Tony Fitzgerald. The inquiry resulted in the resignation of the Premier Bjelke-Petersen, the calling of two by-elections, the jailing of three former ministers and the Police Commissioner (who also lost his knighthood). It also contributed to the end of the National Party of Australia's 32-year run as the governing political party in Queensland.
In 1973, the Whiskey Au Go Go nightclub in the city's entertainment district, was firebombed that resulted in 15 deaths, in what is one of Australia's worst mass killings. The 1974 Brisbane flood was a major disaster which temporarily crippled the city, and saw a substantial landslip at Corinda. During this era, Brisbane grew and modernised, rapidly becoming a destination of interstate migration. Some of Brisbane's popular landmarks were lost to development in controversial circumstances, including the Bellevue Hotel in 1979 and Cloudland in 1982. Major public works included the Riverside Expressway, the Gateway Bridge, and later, the redevelopment of South Bank. Starting with the monumental Robin Gibson-designed Queensland Cultural Centre, with the first stage the Queensland Art Gallery completed in 1982, the Queensland Performing Arts Centre in 1985, and the Queensland Museum in 1986
Brisbane hosted the 1982 Commonwealth Games and World Expo 88. These events were accompanied by a scale of public expenditure, construction, and development not previously seen in the state of Queensland. Brisbane's population growth far exceeded the national average in the last two decades of the 20th century, with a high level of interstate migration from Victoria and New South Wales. In the late 1980s Brisbane’s inner-city areas were struggling with economic stagnation, urban decay and crime which resulted in an exodus of residents and business to the suburban fringe, in the early 1990s the city undertook an extensive and successful urban renewal of the Woolstore precinct as well as the development of South Bank Parklands.
After three decades of record population growth, Brisbane was hit again by a major flood in January 2011. The Brisbane River did not reach the same height as the previous 1974 flood, but still caused extensive damage and disruption to the city.
The Queensland Cultural Centre was also expanded, with the completion of the State Library and the Gallery of Modern Art in 2006, and the Kurilpa Bridge in 2009, the world's largest hybrid tensegrity bridge Brisbane also hosted major international events including the final Goodwill Games in 2001, the Rugby League World Cup Final in 2008 and again in 2017, as well as the 2014 G20 Brisbane summit.
Population growth has continued to be among the highest of the Australian capital cities in the first two decades of the 21st century, and major infrastructure including the Howard Smith Wharves, Roma Street Parklands, Queens Wharf, the Brisbane Riverwalk, the Queen's Wharf casino and resort precinct, the Brisbane International Cruise Terminal, the Clem Jones, Airport Link, and Legacy Way road tunnels, and the Airport, Springfield, Redcliffe Peninsula and Cross River Rail railway lines have been completed or are under construction.
President Donald J. Trump, joined by the Secretary of Health and Human Services Alex Azar, participates in a tour Monday, July 27, 2020, at the Bioprocess Innovation Center at Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies in Morrisville, N.C. (Official White House Photo by Shealah Craighead)
Microorganisms such as algae are among the world’s smallest chemical factories. They produce metabolites, which are valuable raw materials for the chemical industry. BASF already uses the algae Dunaliella salina in Australia to produce β-carotene for food additives. In the field of white biotechnology, researchers are cultivating other kinds of algae that can be used in the future to produce raw materials for cosmetic products or dietary supplements, for example. One current research focus is blue-green algae of the genus Synechocystis (shown here). These blue-green algae are very frugal: they grow at room temperature and only need a water-based culture medium with minerals and trace elements as well as carbon dioxide and light for photosynthesis. Researchers obtain the metabolites by removing the algae from the culture medium and disruption of the cell walls. Given that there are more than 30,000 known types of microalgae, it is important to identify the right candidates and optimize their growing conditions. When blue-green algae work for white biotechnology, it’s because at BASF, we create chemistry.
Novartis, a Swiss-based company, is a global leader in the field of healthcare-related biotechnology.
They are also known for their interest in bold architecture.
This striking building, in Emeryville, California, is Novartis' headquarters for vaccines and diagnostic products.
Taken by a camera lofted by a helium balloon.
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Each genetically modified rice plant in the greenhouses at CropDesign has a barcode and transponder, allowing it to be accurately identified at any time. The rice plants ripen in the greenhouse until they are harvested some of them under ideal conditions. Others are subjected to various stress situations, such as a high salt concentration in the soil or severe drought. Researchers monitor the development of all the plants: they are photographed and measured at regular intervals. The resulting data provide information about the characteristics of the plants and thus about the transported genes. Belgian biotechnology company CropDesign develops Œtraits¹ for the global seed market. A trait is a genetic feature that gives a crop an economically useful characteristic, such as higher yield. Traits are determined by a plant¹s genes. Print free of charge. Copyright by BASF.