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A researcher performs work in a glove box in the Center for Advanced Energy Studies (CAES) Advanced Materials Laboratory.
Cadet Paige Sobkoviak, from the University of Central Arkansas, uses determination and strength to pull herself up and over the "Incline Wall" portion of the Confidence Course at Fort Knox, June 3, 2019. | Photo by Jodi Moffett, CST Public Affairs Office
One of our best pals is in his 90’s, 93 when hanging out with us to see the lovely fall colors. Born in 1922, and serving in WWII as a young man, Lou D’Alonzo’s life has been very interesting in the years since coming to America as a baby from Italy. He has a wide range of interests in history and the arts, and often times, in spite of his advanced age, is eager to accompany us on full day excursions that he can handle. Even at this writing, he is now 96, and full of pep and sharp as can be—and yes, still hanging out with us on a regular basis.
The end of the this gorgeous autumn day had us driving up to the top of Bear Mountain, situated wonderfully as it offers superb views in all directions. Down toward the Hudson Valley and River sits the historic Bear Mountain Inn, Lake Hessian, the sprawling grounds and an ice skating rink and antique indoor carousel. Furthermore, in that direction, one can enjoy the views across the river with the layers of mountains and the Bear Mountain Bridge that spans from one end of the river to the other. Anthony’s Nose, the name of the mountain on the other side of the bridge is great to hike and climb, for the views facing west toward where we stood are just as impressive. I had finally taken done the hike in more recently, and accordingly, will have the photos from that outing posted in the future. Views to the south and west, or north, depict the lush wooded landscape, and the colors can be nicely appreciated as you look as far as you can, taking in the amazing scenery. Many photographers would arrive toward this latter part of the day to catch sunset views, and when the observation tower is open, the views can be even better--it was not on this day. Our old-timer pal, Lou (93 at the time), was delighted to sit on the seat of these very attractive motorcycles—I had asked the riders if he could sit on one or more of the bikes for photos. They were more than happy, and even offered Lou a helmet to wear. As the sun begins its final descent, the granite boulders take on a very attractive salmon hue, and when the golden orb decides to get dramatic toward the western end, one never knows exactly what type of show it will put on for the admiring onlookers. We were fortunate enough on this day to witness that of an inferno sky. A perfect ending for all . . .
Although at the time of this upload, the period in which the photos in the series were taken is not current, but from October 22, 2015; however, the overall scenery and the colors/shades of the foliage is consistent over the years, with only slight variations depending on any particular weather influence.
The brilliant autumn colors of Harriman State Park of New York, just north of the New Jersey border and a bit west of the Hudson River, never fails. If at all possible, it is usually best to take shots rather late in the day, starting a little before the sun begins to descend—unless, of course, the overcast or inclement weather is a factor.
When the sun is just right, and the “magical light” is cast upon the land and water scape, everything becomes so much more spectacular in the golden tones and the vibrant reflections in the water.
The variety of colors seen in the NJ-PA-NY Tri-State region can match anything in the popular New England states. In spite of the scale, on average, in the New England states being greater, the variety of tree species changing colors around the same time frame is more pronounced in our Tri-State area, thus, allowing a wider range of the rainbow array to capture at any given time during the autumn foliage visits.
Cadets from 6th Regiment, Advanced Camp, undergo hand grenade training as part of Cadet Summer Training at Fort Knox, Ky., July, 6, 2022. Cadets learned the proper technique required to effectively engage and throw a hand grenade. | Photo by Julia Galli, CST Public Affairs Office
Course 5/81 (Second Stage) at Tulliallan (Scottish Police College),
Yours truly has just stuck retiral papers in and came across this class photograph. Haven't changed a bit ! (and neither has the Crush Hall in the background) I'm second row from the back, right in the middle. Recognise anyone ??
1st Regiment Advanced Camp's Alpha and Bravo Companies navigate the FLRC. June 9, 2018. Fort Knox, KY. Photo by AJ Barnes.
1st Regiment Advanced Camp's Alpha and Bravo Companies navigate the FLRC. June 9, 2018. Fort Knox, KY. Photo by AJ Barnes.
Cadets from 7th Regiment, Advnaced Camp, practice the fundamentals of shooting at Group and Zero training at Fort Knox, Ky., July 9, 2023. Group and Zero training prepares Cadets for their shooting qualification test that occurs later on during Advanced Camp. | Photo by Kate Koennecke, Ohio State University, CST Public Affairs Office
A Ukrainian soldier provides first aid to a simulated casualty during an advanced medical training lane at Exercise Rapid Trident June 29. The exercise is a regional command post and field training exercise that involves about 2,000 Soldiers from 13 different nations, that will be held at the International Peacekeeping and Security Center in Yavoriv, Ukraine June 27 - July 8, 2016. (U.S. Army photo by Sgt. 1st Class Whitney Hughes/Released)
Many violets share numerous attributes and are difficult to differentiate from one another. Botanists estimate that there are between 500 and 600 species worldwide, approximately 85 of which can be found in North America. Luckily for the casual wildflower enthusiast, only about half of these are common in New York. There's tremendous variation among the community, with many varieties garnering oxymoronic names, such as round-leaved yellow violet and sweet white violet. While a majority live up to their names in appearance, more than a few are anything but violet, being completely white, pink and even the brightest shade of yellow, with numerous combinations and levels of mixing. All of these attributes aid in their identification.
Yellow violets appear to be the most primitive, with their flowers being the first shift away from the ancestral green. Purple, in contrast, is thought to be one of the most advanced colors. Evolution in progress can be witnessed in the tall, white, Canada violet (Viola canadensis), a native to Canada and the eastern U.S.. Many botanists speculate that the mostly white flower, often dabbed with minor purplish tingeing on the back of the petals, is transitioning from entirely white to "violet." The Canada violet grows throughout the Mohawk Valley in association with the large white trillium.
Violets can be separated into two general categories: those with stems from which leaves and flowers protrude, and those that are stemless, having appendages emanating directly from the roots, with flowers being supported on a thin and usually low, leafless stalk.
In addition to having showy blossoms, certain species possess a trait known as cleistogamy, meaning they are capable of self-pollination by means of tiny, barely noticeable flowers that resemble unopened buds. The term "cleistogamy" combines the Greek 'kleistos' meaning 'closed' with 'gamy' meaning 'marriage.' Once fertilization has occurred by means of insects or self-pollination, the seeds are ready for explosive dispersal. After the seeds are fully developed, the pods they're stored in slowly dry out, with the pod gradually tightening around the seeds, building up tension in the process, similar to the action of a spring. Later, when the pods are disturbed, or sometimes just randomly, the pressure becomes too great and the seeds are shot out like miniature cannonballs. Amazingly, seeds are capable of flying up to 15 feet away from the parent plant. Pretty impressive for such a tiny plant!
Once on the ground, the seeds are further dispersed by ants. Attached to each tiny seed is a fleshy appendage called an elaiosome that's rich in protein and lipids, but serves no direct impact to the seed's survival. Like the sweet nectar of a flower, these elaiosomes are tempting treats to insects, and ants in particular are readily enticed to collect them. Once dragged back to the colony, the energy-laden accessory is removed for consumption, and the hard seed body is dumped in a waste pit where it may ultimately sprout. This dual dispersal technique, using both physiological and biological mechanisms for seed movement, proves to be an effective evolutionary strategy, ensuring rapid colonization of available habitat.
Insects aren't the only ones that appreciate violets' tasty nature. In fact, humans find nearly all parts of the plants edible. The leafy greens can be collected to create a salad high in vitamins A and C, superseding that of an equivalent amount of oranges. Beginning in the nineteenth century, candied violets gained favor as a dessert garnishment and were widely served. Though their popularity has decreased over the years, in some circles they're still a favorite for topping sweet dishes of cake or ice cream. Traditionally, a syrup was also made by boiling the flowers in a concoction of sugar. Apart from sweetening the lips, the syrup is useful as a substitute for litmus paper. The solution turns red in the presence of an acid, green for a base.
To the Haudenosaunee and other eastern Native Americans, the flower is revered as a symbol of love. An Iroquoian myth, akin to the tragic Shakespearian Romeo and Juliet, tells of how two lovers of warring tribes were slain while trying to elope, and where each drop of blood hit the ground, a violet sprouted to commemorate their boundless passion.
While on the topic of romance, it's also interesting to note that violets used to be the traditional flower of Valentine's Day. Almost all bouquets given to loved ones sported purple rather than red. It wasn't until the 1930's that violets began to be supplanted by the thorny rose.
Violets were substantial money makers during the early part of the twentieth century. Like other popular flowers that are added to bouquets or home gardens today, violets were prodigiously cultivated in greenhouses by the millions. Rhinebeck, a quaint, pastoral town located along the shores of the Hudson River in southeastern New York, cornered this unusual market. Growers made sizable profits by shipping flowers to New York City, where there was an especially high demand. Rhinebeck's proximity to the city market, and its easy access to the railroad paralleling the Hudson helped make it the "Violet Capital of the World." At its peak, hundreds of greenhouses routinely cranked out thousands of violets per day in the spring-a fast worker could pick as many as 5,000 during a single shift. Eleanor Roosevelt herself often purchased copious amounts of various exotic cultivar varieties from nearby nurseries to line the gardens at her riverfront estate in Hyde Park, just south of the violet hotbed. She was frequently seen wearing intricate violet arrangements, making it a habit to do so at her husband's numerous inaugurations.
Small white violets are sweet-scented.
Next time you're outside in spring, keep your eyes open for the cosmopolitan violets, which can be found growing just about anywhere-from open and sunny backyards to rich, sheltered woodlands, and even in the dampest wetlands. Though small and unassuming, they nevertheless provide a cheerful reminder of the fecundity and diversity of the spring season. As English philosopher Bernard Williams succinctly said, "We may pass violets looking for roses. We may pass contentment looking for victory."
Armed with only their wits and a gas mask, Cadets from 9th Regiment, Advanced Camp, faced the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear chamber at Fort Knox, Ky. July 24, 2023. Many Cadets go into the chamber every day, challenging themselves in a different environment and preparing them for possible encounters with toxic substances in the future. Photo by Rosalita Mitchell, Ball State University, CST Public Affairs Office
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1st Regiment Advanced Camp's Alpha and Bravo Companies navigate the FLRC. June 9, 2018. Fort Knox, KY. Photo by AJ Barnes.
Army ROTC Cadets with 3rd Regiment, Advanced Camp, conduct a reconnaissance mission for a situational training exercise (STX) during Cadet Summer Training (CST) at Fort Knox, Ky., June 18, 2022. | Photo by Kyle Crawford, U.S. Army Cadet Command Public Affairs
Cadets from 7th Regiment, Advnaced Camp, practice the fundamentals of shooting at Group and Zero training at Fort Knox, Ky., July 9, 2023. Group and Zero training prepares Cadets for their shooting qualification test that occurs later on during Advanced Camp. | Photo by Kate Koennecke, Ohio State University, CST Public Affairs Office
Model: Diana Christopher
From the 2012 MACE Advanced Combat Intensive, Rapier & Dagger Class
For the full workshop gallery, check out FightGuy Photography on Smugmug
3rd Regiment, Advanced Camp Cadets participates in a relay race during Platoon OPS to see which team can disassemble, and assemble a 240, 249, and M4 and a radio. Cadet Olubusayo Akande works on a M4 gun while team members’ cheer him on, June 20, Fort Knox, Ky. | Photo by Catrina Dubiansky, CST Public Affairs Office
The Advanced Photon Source, which hosts 5,000 users from industry and academia every year. Visible at the bottom of the photo is the main building and auditorium; attached white building on the right is the Center for Nanoscale Materials; at top, the Advanced Protein Characterization Facility.
Cadets from 1st Regiment take part in an FTX drill during Cadet Summer Training at Fort Knox, Ky., on June 19. The drill involved setting up an ambush alongside a gravel road in order to protect an objective from an opposing force. Cadets were armed with M4A1 carbines and M249 light machine guns loaded with blank ammunition to carry out their mission safely. | Photo by Nathan Abbott, CST Public Affairs Office.
1st Regiment Advanced Camp's Alpha and Bravo Companies navigate the FLRC. June 9, 2018. Fort Knox, KY. Photo by AJ Barnes.
Abbey Prescott, a Cadet with the Alpha Company, 1st Regiment, has her first COVID-19 test of Advanced Camp by the medical personnel testers on Ft. Knox, KY on May 24, 2021. The testing is to ensure that incoming Cadets do not have COVID-19 and can continue training in a safe environment during Advanced Camp training. | Photo by Anna Pray, Cadet Summer Training Public Affairs Office
1st Regiment, Advanced Camp Cadets discuss strategy on how to best defend the base they just took from the opposing forces (OPFOR) Cadets as the final part of the Recon and Raid portion of the Field Training Exercises (FTX) at Fort Knox, Ky. on June 14, 2021. The FTX will test Cadets on everything they have been learning throughout their time in Army ROTC. |Photo by Jacob Hempen, CST Public Affairs Office
1st Regiment Advanced Camp's Alpha and Bravo Companies navigate the FLRC. June 9, 2018. Fort Knox, KY. Photo by AJ Barnes.
1st Regiment Advanced Camp's Alpha and Bravo Companies navigate the FLRC. June 9, 2018. Fort Knox, KY. Photo by AJ Barnes.
1st Regiment Advanced Camp's Alpha and Bravo Companies navigate the FLRC. June 9, 2018. Fort Knox, KY. Photo by AJ Barnes.
Cadets from 2nd Regiment, Advanced Camp, completed the field training exercise at Fort Knox, Ky., June 28, 2023. During the FTX, Cadets conducted a raid, a surprise attack where Cadets destroy or capture the opposing forces. | Photo by Thaliya Martinez, Olivet Nazarene University, CST Public Affairs Office
Cadets receive training in the Confidence Chamber before removing their protective masks. 11th Regiment, Advanced Camp Cadets completed Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear (CBRN) training and testing July 16 during Cadet Summer Training at Fort Knox, Ky. Photo by: Madison Thompson