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Address:〒071-0235 北海道上川郡美瑛町白金
青池（日語：青い池／あおいいけ）是位於日本北海道上川郡美瑛町白金的一個人工水池。又稱「白金青池」、「美瑛白金青池」。
青池標高約500米，位於美瑛町的東南部，美瑛川左岸，白金溫泉西北約2.5公里處。為1988年（昭和63年）12月，為了防止十勝岳爆發後的堆積物產生火山泥流的災害，在美瑛川建設了多個攔河堤，而青池就是其中的一座欄河堤所形成的水池。
Info: wikipedia.org
I dialed your number, but you wouldn't be there, I knew the whole time, but it's still not fair. I just wanted to hear your voice, I just needed to hear your voice.
What do I do with all I need to say? So much I wanna tell you every day. Oh it breaks my heart, I cry these tears in the dark. I write these letters to you, But they get lost in the blue...'Cause there's no address in the stars.
William Francis James McCANN:
Regimental number - 405
Place of birth - Glanville, South Australia
Religion - Church of England
Occupation - Teacher
Address - Pelham Street, Glanville, South Australia
Marital status - Single
Age at embarkation - 22
Next of kin - Father, J F McCann, Pelham Street, Glanville, South Australia
Enlistment date - 24 August 1914
Rank on enlistment - Sergeant
Unit name - 10th Battalion, D Company
AWM Embarkation Roll number - 23/27/1
Embarkation details - Unit embarked from Adelaide, South Australia, on board Transport A11 Ascanius on 20 October 1914
Rank from Nominal Roll - Major
Unit from Nominal Roll - 10th Battalion
Recommendations (Medals and Awards) -
Military Cross -
*'Splendid work at Gallipoli, Fleurbaix and conspicuous bravery at Pozieres.'
Recommendation date: "29 July 1916*
Bar to Military Cross -
Recommendation date: 14 August 1918"
Mention in Despatches -
Awarded, and promulgated, 'London Gazette' No. 31448 (11 July 1919); 'Commonwealth Gazette' No. 124 (30 October 1919).
Fate - Returned to Australia 20 May 1919
Military Cross -
'For conspicuous gallantry in action. He led his company in the attack, bombing the enemy back, and in spite of heavy casualties, pressed forward until severely wounded by a bomb.'
Source: 'Commonwealth Gazette' No. 184
Date: 14 December 1916
Distinguished Service Order
'For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty near Lihons on 10th August, 1918. After the attack had failed at Crepey Wood, he successfully captured the position with his company in face of very heavy fire; and, when the enemy in greatly superior numbers, counter attacked, he held them off, personally killing many of the enemy and exposing himself freely until reinforcements enabled him to dirve off the enemy and re-establish his original line. His courage and fine leadership prevented an important position falling into the hands of the enemy.'
Source: 'Commonwealth Gazette' No. 67
Date: 3 June 1919
Bar to Military Cross
'For conspicuous gallantry and fine leadership during an attack. He led one of the attacking companies with great dash, and helped very materially in the success of the operation. Wherever the situation was most critical he was to be found directing and encouraging his men, and his fine example inspired all under his command.'
Source: 'Commonwealth Gazette' No. 31
Date: 4 March 1919
Claude Cyril John McCANN:
Regimental number - 648
Place of birth - Adelaide, South Australia
Religion - Church of England
Occupation- Cabinetmaker
Address - Pelham Street, Glanville, South Australia
Marital status - Single
Age at embarkation - 21
Next of kin - Mother, Mrs E McCann, Pelham Street, Glanville, South Australia
Enlistment date - 10 February 1915
Date of enlistment from Nominal Roll - 1 March 1915
Rank on enlistment - Corporal
Unit name - 27th Battalion, C Company
AWM Embarkation Roll number - 23/44/1
Embarkation details - Unit embarked from Adelaide, South Australia, on board HMAT A2 Geelong on 31 May 1915
Rank from Nominal Roll - Lieutenant
Unit from Nominal Roll - 27th Battalion
Recommendations (Medals and Awards)
Military Cross -
'Work at Westhoek on 19 and 21 September 1917.'
Recommendation date: 24 September 1917
Fate - Returned to Australia 21 December 1918
Military Cross -
'For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty. He displayed great dash and courage in rushing enemy posts, several of which were captured by his platoon. On other officers becoming casualties, he placed himself in command, displaying marked qualities of organization and leadership, which enabled his company to consolidate the position in a masterly fashion.'
Source: 'Commonwealth Gazette' No. 110
Date: 25 July 1918
Address: Stortorget 20 (The Main Square)
Group Description Thursday Doors Day (TDD):
All kinds off special doors
And only one door at Thursday every week
Strong people of the best country in the world!
I want to begin this address with words of congratulations. On my own behalf and on your behalf, on behalf of all our citizens of Ukraine to the employees of the Security Service of Ukraine. Today is their day.
30 years ago, on March 25, the Security Service of our state was founded.
The Service has come a long way. And we all know that. But we also know that during the eight years of the war in Donbas and during the 30 days of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, many members of the Security Service have shown themselves from the best - heroic - side.
They have shown themselves principled, courageous and able to inflict losses on the enemy that the enemy does not expect. This is exactly what Ukraine needs now.
I am grateful to all our heroes from the Security Service of Ukraine. I am grateful to everyone in the Service who during 30 years of our common history broke the plans of enemies and worked in the interests of the Ukrainian people only.
Congratulations on the holiday! Respect to everyone!
And we will always remember all the employees of the Service who died for Ukraine while performing tasks to counter Russian aggression.
During this month of hostilities, 77 employees of the Security Service were awarded state awards. Two of them were posthumously awarded the title of Hero of Ukraine. Both distinguished themselves in the battles near Makariv, Kyiv region. Thanks to their courageous actions, the enemy headquarters and more than 20 occupiers were destroyed.
I can't tell you the names of our heroes. This is the specifics of the service. But I can say with confidence: the memory of them will truly be eternal!
Today I signed a decree on state awards to 63 law enforcement officers of Ukraine. Seven of them were awarded posthumously.
Police, rescuers, border guards, special service officials of the State Bureau of Investigation and employees of the Court Protection Service. Thank you to everyone!
Over the past week, our heroic Armed Forces have dealt powerful blows to the enemy, significant losses. They say that the Minister of Defense of Russia has disappeared somewhere… I wonder if he personally wanted to visit Chornobaivka?
I am grateful to our defenders who showed the occupiers that the sea will not be calm for them even when there is no storm. Because there will be fire. As on those Russian ships that departed this week on the famous route from the port of Berdyansk.
I want to warn all traitors of Ukraine who sided with the enemy in Crimea years ago. You switched sides because you thought you would live better, right? Not because you want to repeat the tragic fate of your colleagues who died on those ships or somewhere else on land or at sea in Ukraine. Well, live. Stay as far away from our cities and our army as possible.
The number of Russian casualties in this war has already exceeded 16,000 killed. Among them are senior commanders. There have not been reports about killed Russian colonels-general or admirals yet. But the commander of one of the occupying armies and deputy commander of the Black Sea Fleet are already there.
The Armed Forces continue to repel enemy attacks in the south of the country, in Donbas, in the Kharkiv direction and in the Kyiv region.
By restraining Russia's actions, our defenders are leading the Russian leadership to a simple and logical idea: talk is necessary. Meaningful. Urgent. Fair. For the sake of the result, not for the sake of the delay.
16,000 Russian servicemen have already died. For what? What does it give and to whom?
The conversation must be meaningful. Ukrainian sovereignty must be guaranteed. Ukraine's territorial integrity must be ensured. That is, the conditions must be fair. And the Ukrainian people will not accept others.
During the week we managed to establish 18 humanitarian corridors. A total of 37,606 people were rescued from the blocked cities.
In particular, 26,477 Mariupol residents were evacuated from Mariupol to Zaporizhzhia via the humanitarian corridor. The situation in the city remains absolutely tragic. The Russian military does not allow any humanitarian aid into the city. They only use Mariupol residents in fakes for their propagandists. Pretending to start giving something to people.
I will continue to inform the nations of other countries in great detail about such disgusting cynicism of the occupiers, about all the war crimes of Russia against the civilians of our heroic Mariupol and other cities of Ukraine. It is very important. I want to emphasize: not only politicians and government officials, but nations. Everyone on the planet needs to know what Russia is doing. So that the responsibility for crimes against the Ukrainian people becomes inevitable and as severe as possible for the Russian military.
During the week alone, I addressed the parliaments of Italy, Japan, France and Sweden. I spoke at the summits of NATO, the G7 and the leaders of the European Union.
Each of these speeches attracted maximum attention in the respective countries and in the world as a whole. The reviews show that the Ukrainian position was heard. And this is my main goal in such speeches.
You know perfectly well what a powerful system of state propaganda Russia has built. They have spent and are spending tens of billions of dollars on it. Probably no one in the world has ever spent such crazy money on lies. But they did not take into account one thing. Where the path of lies needs to be paved with money and the result is not guaranteed, the path of truth is difficult, but the path of truth paves itself. The main thing is to be honest.
Next week I will continue this important work for our interests. Interests of Ukraine. Interests of freedom and independence.
I had a conversation today with Turkish President Erdoğan. The results of the NATO summit were discussed. Of course, we also talked about the efforts that could bring peace closer to Ukraine and end this senseless Russian invasion of a foreign land.
There is important news from our government officials.
First. They have already started paying pensions for April. In particular, the Pension Fund has transferred to Oschadbank the entire amount of pensions for the Chernihiv and Luhansk regions. Tomorrow people will have money on their bank cards and Ukrposhta will deliver cash.
Tomorrow or the day after tomorrow, the payment of April pensions will continue in other regions of Eastern and Central Ukraine. The other day a wave of payments will cover the entire state.
This is one of our priorities: the Ukrainian state has fulfilled and will fulfill all obligations to our citizens, to our pensioners.
Second. Under the eSupport program, more than 20 billion hryvnias have already been paid to people who have lost their jobs or the opportunity to have business. The amount of payment is 6,500 hryvnias.
Third. Officials are preparing a new support program for our IDPs from the war zones.
Regional administrations have been given a clear task to quickly allocate land for the construction of temporary housing for displaced persons. I want to emphasize once again - this is temporary housing. Once we establish peace, we will begin the immediate, large-scale reconstruction of our state. But now people need a temporary home. Their home.
And it is better to have a home in Ukraine than somewhere abroad. We pay aid, we give a job. Native people. Native country. All the details of this support program will be presented by Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal.
And a few more words about the path of truth. About those who bring you and us true information about everything that is happening in our country.
I would like to express special gratitude to our journalists today. To all those who ensure the work of the national telethon "United News", to all our media people. Correspondents, presenters, editors, media managers, cameramen, directors, video editors, make-up artists, producers - everyone without whom it is impossible to imagine television. Everyone who united and together with other defenders of our people provides Ukrainians with truthful information and, last but not least, confidence 24/7.
I am grateful to all of you! And, I'm sure, I can say this on behalf of all Ukrainians.
Glory to you all!
Glory to all our heroes!
Glory to Ukraine!
Testing an addressable LED strip a while back, below the streets of Newcastle in the Victoria Tunnel.
the S.O.N.A. is an annual formal affair wherein the president of the philippines formally addresses and updates the people and both houses of legislature with his and his cabinets' accomplishments. it is usually held every third monday of july and, as customary as it is and as in past SONAS, it is also "greeted" by protests and demonstrations of disgruntled members of society. here are some photos of this moment
Address: Sprengisandsleið, Iceland
Though only twenty metres in height and a little off the beaten track, Aldeyjarfoss waterfall has symmetrical features and geologically interesting surrounds. Tumbling through a narrow passage into a wide basin, the concertinaed black basalt columns provide a stark contrast against the thrashing white foam, making it oft considered one of Iceland’s photographic gems.
Aldeyjarfoss is one of most impressive waterfalls on the Skjálfandafljót River’s route from the Vatnajokull ice cap to Skjálfandi Bay. Others include Ingvararfoss, Hrafnabjargafoss, Barnafoss and the most famous, Goðafoss.
Info:visithusavik.com
WWI war grave at Newport Pagnell cemetery - G Teale - 11Apr17
George served in France between February 1917 and January 1918 as a stretcher bearer on the Somme and in a hospital in Rouen as an orderly.
He was invalided to St Albans suffering probably from shell shock and discharged in May 1918.
Info from buckinghamshireremembers.org.uk
Name Gordon G L TEALE
Rank/Number Private / 68902
Regiment/Unit Royal Army Medical Corps /
Enlisted London
Age/Date of death 35 / 14 Sep 1918
How died/Theatre of war Died at Home
Residence at death 47 London Rd, Newport Pagnell
Cemetery Newport Pagnell Burial Ground, Bucks
Grave Reference South 67
Location of memorial Newport Pagnell
Date/Place of birth c1883 / Brompton, Northallerton, N Yorkshire
Occupation of Casualty motor trade - painter
Parents/Occupation John William & Osbourne Jane Teale / solicitor
Parents' Address1901: Station Rd, Northallerton
Wife Edith Emily Teale nee Fossey mar 1909
Wife's Address Tickford St, Newport Pagnell
Notes Pension Papers can be seen on Ancestry.co.uk Also known as John
✪ Address: 165 Thái Hà - Hà Nội
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➼Twitter: twitter.com/trixie_cafe
What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Frederick Douglass circa 1852
The 1852 pamphlet printing of the speech
"What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" is the title now given to a speech by Frederick Douglass delivered on July 5, 1852, in Corinthian Hall, Rochester, New York, addressing the Rochester Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society.The speech is perhaps the most widely known of all of Frederick Douglass' writings save his autobiographies. Many copies of one section of it, beginning in para. 32, have been circulated online.[4] Due to this and the variant titles given to it in various places, and the fact that it is called a July Fourth Oration but was actually delivered on July 5, some confusion has arisen about the date and contents of the speech. The speech has since been published under the above title in The Frederick Douglass Papers, Series One, Vol. 2. [5
While referring to the celebrations of the Independence Day in the United States the day before, the speech explores the constitutional and values-based arguments against the continued existence of Slavery in the United States. Douglass orates that positive statements about American values, such as liberty, citizenship, and freedom, were an offense to the enslaved population of the United States because of their lack of freedom, liberty, and citizenship. As well, Douglass referred not only to the captivity of enslaved people, but to the merciless exploitation and the cruelty and torture that slaves were subjected to in the United States.Rhetoricians R.L. Heath and D. Waymer called this topic the "paradox of the positive" because it highlights how something positive and meant to be positive can also exclude individuals.
Qué para el esclavo es el cuatro de julio?
De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
Frederick Douglass circa 1852
La impresión del discurso en 1852.
"¿Qué para el esclavo es el cuatro de julio?" es el título ahora dado a un discurso de Frederick Douglass pronunciado el 5 de julio de 1852, en Corinthian Hall, Rochester, Nueva York, dirigido a la Sociedad Antiesclavista de Damas de Rochester. El discurso es quizás el más conocido de todos los Frederick Douglass 'escritos salvan sus autobiografías. Muchas copias de una sección, comenzando en el párr. 32, se han distribuido en línea. [4] Debido a esto y a los títulos variantes que se le otorgan en varios lugares, y al hecho de que se llama una oración del 4 de julio, pero en realidad se entregó el 5 de julio, ha surgido cierta confusión sobre la fecha y el contenido del discurso. Desde entonces, el discurso ha sido publicado bajo el título anterior en The Frederick Douglass Papers, Series One, vol. 2. [5
Al referirse a las celebraciones del Día de la Independencia en los Estados Unidos el día anterior, el discurso explora los argumentos constitucionales y basados en valores contra la existencia continua de la esclavitud en los Estados Unidos. Douglass dice que las declaraciones positivas sobre los valores estadounidenses, como la libertad, la ciudadanía y la libertad, fueron un delito para la población esclavizada de los Estados Unidos debido a su falta de libertad, libertad y ciudadanía. Además, Douglass se refirió no solo al cautiverio de las personas esclavizadas, sino a la explotación despiadada y la crueldad y tortura a la que fueron sometidos los esclavos en los Estados Unidos. Los retóricos RL Heath y D. Waymer llamaron a este tema la "paradoja de lo positivo "porque resalta cómo algo positivo y destinado a ser positivo también puede excluir a las personas.
Address Dubai Marina
Dubaï Marina est le lieu ultime où se mélangent travail et plaisir. Les eaux cristallines brillent face à l'architecture moderne et aux yachts amarrés aux côtés des restaurants avant-gardistes. Adresse Dubai Marina, une station balnéaire urbaine, se trouve au cœur de ce quartier dynamique.
Dubai Marina is the ultimate blend of work and play, where crystal waters shimmer against modern architecture and yachts moor alongside trendsetting restaurants. Address Dubai Marina, an urban waterfront resort, stands at the heart of this dynamic district.
Address:〒520-1122 滋賀県高島市鵜川
白髭神社」は滋賀県北西部の高島市にある、日本最大の湖・琵琶湖に面した神社です。創建はなんと１９００年前。第１１代天皇の垂仁天皇の頃で、近江最古の神社とされています。また、全国にある白髭神社の総本社ともされています。
シンボル的存在でもある、琵琶湖に浮かぶ朱塗りの大鳥居の景色に惹かれ、昔から多くの人が訪れる白髭神社。琵琶湖に浮かぶ沖島を背景に佇む鳥居は本当に厳島神社と見間違うような、実に絵になる風景です！
昼間の景色も素晴らしいのですが、夕刻頃の光景がまた格別です。ぜひ、いろんな時間帯で湖上の鳥居を眺めてみて下さい！なお土日は日没から約２時間、湖上の鳥居がライトアップされています。大晦日など、特別に長時間に及ぶライトアップがされる時もありますよ！
Info:www.travel.co.jp
The Old U.S. Post Office and Courthouse is a historic courthouse in Miami, Florida. It is located at 100-118 Northeast 1st Avenue. Constructed over three years (1912–14), it was designed by Kiehnel and Elliott and Oscar Wenderoth. It was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places on January 4, 1989. The Miami-Dade County Tax Records say this building was built in 1917.
The three-story Neo-Classical Revival structure is a federally designated historic landmark that is currently being redeveloped.
Building history and features:
Original purpose: Miami's first major federal building, originally housing the U.S. Post Office, Federal Courthouse, and Weather Bureau.
Architecture: Neo-Classical Revival with balconies, terraces, and French doors.
Renovation: The building has undergone extensive renovation and modernization.
Current and planned uses
Retail and dining: The historic structure is being repurposed into a vertical entertainment complex that will include bars, cafes, and restaurants.
Bar La Real: A bar named Bar La Real currently operates at the address.
Biscayne Bay Brewing: Biscayne Bay Brewing also has a location at 100 NE 1st Avenue.
In August 1914, the Miami Weather Bureau Office was relocated from the Bank of Bay Biscayne Building to the third floor of the old federal building. Weather instruments were installed on the roof of the building. Richard Gray (1874-1960) was the Official-in-Charge. It was from this location that the warnings from the Weather Bureau Central Office in Washington were disseminated for the Great Miami Hurricane of 1926 and the Okeechobee Hurricane of 1928. The Miami Weather Bureau Office remained on the third floor from 1914 to 1929, although the weather instruments were moved to the Seybold Building in 1927.
Dr. William Homer Walker created First Federal Savings and Loan Association of Miami in 1933, when he acquired the first federal savings and loan charter ever issued in the United States. The original name of the institution was the First Federal Savings and Loan Association of Miami. Because it had outgrown two former locations, Walker purchased the abandoned Miami Post Office and Federal Court Building in May 1937 to house his savings and loan. In 1973 the bank moved to the thirty-two story First Federal Building, later known as the AmeriFirst Building and now known as One Downtown, at One Southeast 3rd Avenue in downtown Miami.
Credit for the data above is given to the following websites:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_United_States_Post_Office_and_C...(Miami,_Florida)
www.loopnet.com/Listing/100-NE-1st-Ave-54-NE-2nd-St/35442...
© All Rights Reserved - you may not use this image in any form without my prior permission.
At the Top. View from Burj Kahalifa. Dubai Fountain and hotel The Address.
See video: view from the observation deck of the Burj Khalifa
See video: Dubai Fountain show seen from the Burj Khalifa observation deck by night
See video: Dubai by night. Seen from the observation deck of the Burj Khalifa
See video: Dubai Fountain show
This is the view from the observation deck on 124th floor of the Burj Khalifa in Dubai. You a a wonderful view on The Address Hotel.
The lake is the Dubai Fountain. The Dubai Fountain is a record-setting choreographed fountain system set on the 30-acre manmade Burj Khalifa Lake, at the center of the Downtown Dubai development in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It was designed by WET Design, the California-based company responsible for the fountains at the Bellagio Hotel Lake in Las Vegas. Illuminated by 6,600 lights and 25 colored projectors, it is 275 m (902 ft) long and shoots water 240 feet into the air accompanied by a range of classical to contemporary Arabic and world music. It was built at a cost of AED 800 million (USD 218 million). The fountain is animated with performances set to light and music. It is visible from every point on the lake promenade and from many neighboring structures.
The bridge leads to Souk Al Bahar. Souk Al Bahar is an Arabesque shopping mall and entertainment destination located in the heart of the prestigious Downtown Dubai, on the Old Town Island. Souk Al Bahar features over 100 shops in an eclectic retail mix that includes 22 restaurants, cafés and lounges framing the souk’s extensive waterfront promenade. Souk Al Bahar (‘market of the sailor’) derives its name from both its traditional souk architecture of natural stone corridors, high archways and subdued lighting and its unique ‘sea-side’ location on an island in the Burj lake. The cultural theme flows throughout the mall, with boutique shops showcasing the Arabian heritage through a mix of authentic handicrafts, fashionwear, perfumes, carpets and furnishings.
a steep hillside address. i love san miguel's cobblestone streets, though they are not always a treat to the feet. this photo taken on my last trip in '11.
san miguel de allende, gto
mexico
St. Peter's Anglican Church. Built in 1896. Address is 622 Second Street West. And a 100 foot tall Douglas Fir
The Address is a hotel with 600+ apartments and nearly 200 hotel rooms situated near the Burj Dubai development area.
I shot this image from the observation deck of the Burj Khalifa next door. I think it really puts the height of the Burj in perspective.
For example: The Address is the bright white building on the left. It's 63 floors, and almost 1,000 feet tall (991m). That building looks tiny compared to the incredible height this picture was taken from.
The Hancock Tower is only about 125 feet taller than 'The Address'.
Connect with me here, too!
A Grey Bushchat (Saxicola ferreus) caught in a well balanced pose curiously asking my slow movements from a bush. Pics was taken from Dehradoon, India.
Lassen Volcanic National Park, Shasta County, California, USA.
The use of any of my photos, of any file size, for any purpose, is subject to approval by me. Contact me for permission. Image files are available upon request. My email address can be found at my Flickr profile page. Or send me a FlickrMail.
Dear Mrs. Speaker, Mrs. Viktorija, I remember your visit to Kyiv, one of the first since the beginning of this war.
Dear Mr. President, friend Gitanas, you have been to Ukraine many times, you and I have done a lot together. I'm sure we will do even more!
Dear Mrs. Prime Minister, Mrs. Ingrida, I am grateful to you for your visit yesterday...
Dear Lithuanian people!
I am grateful for the opportunity to address you today on behalf of the entire Ukrainian people, who will always remember your sincerity and readiness to support us at the most difficult time for our country.
You were among the first to come to the aid of Ukraine. And you remain among those who care most about peace and security of Europe.
Russia's full-scale war against Ukraine has posed a strategic question to Europe: are the values that underlie the unification of nations on the European continent after World War II still alive?
Or the values have already played their part and can become exhibits in museums for tourists? Just part of Europe's historical heritage somewhere in the halls of ancient palaces, not something that defines real life.
Unfortunately, there is no common answer to this question for all Europeans.
But the future of Europe depends on this - whether there will be a common answer.
In the liberated areas of Ukraine, work continues to record and investigate war crimes committed by the Russian Federation.
Almost every day new mass graves are found. Evidence is being gathered.
Thousands and thousands of victims. Hundreds of cases of brutal torture. Human corpses are still found in manholes and basements. Tied up, mutilated bodies.
There are villages - once quite large, which were left almost without inhabitants.
Hundreds of children are orphans. That is, at least hundreds of children, because we do not know the exact number of victims yet.
Hundreds of cases of rape have been recorded, including underage girls, very young children... And even a baby! It's just scary to talk about it now.
But it's true, it happened.
Even this person, this Russian savage Bychkov from Pskov is identified. The paratrooper or special services officer who sent this video to his comrades. Video of what he does to the baby. How he torments the baby!
This is the Russian military. "Defender" of children. This is a "special operation" planned in Moscow. This is the story of the struggle for the "Russian world". This is what the Russian army and Russian paratroopers will now be associated with. From Pskov.
Rape of a baby…
Russian propagandists have apparently already begun to justify this. They will probably say, as always, that this did not happen, or even if it did happen, it was the protection of "Russian-speakers." And propagandists will also be responsible for this crime, as well as for any such crime. Including those who educate such paratroopers. From Pskov.
And including those in Europe who still do not remove Russian propaganda from television.
And I wonder how do the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation and other authors of this "special operation" evaluate its results now? After such crimes.
After such a "feat" of the Russian soldier Bychkov?
Maybe the Russian Minister of Defense will invite such Pskov paratroopers to his home to protect his children and grandchildren? Or the minister wouldn’t want that?
I'm sure he'll be scared.
Everywhere in Ukraine where the occupiers came, along the roads, in yards, parks, gardens, there is a burial of people whose bodies could not be taken to cemeteries.
And all this is within a period of several weeks of Russian occupation. About a month. In the areas around our capital, in the Chernihiv and Sumy regions, in the north of our state.
The whole world remembered the name of the city of Bucha. But this is just one symbol of the crimes of the Russian military.
You can take any other city from those where they managed to gain a foothold for a while, any village... The occupiers did the same thing there as in Bucha.
And what is in the east of our country, where Russian troops still remain? What is in the south? We cannot even imagine what is in Mariupol and Volnovakha, which were almost destroyed by the Russian army.
Obviously, it's even scarier there.
Russian officials and state propagandists deny crimes committed by their army. They say it's a staging. They lie in response to even the obvious facts that convince everyone in the world.
However, no wonder. They always did it. But they have changed their tactics in areas where the Russian troops still remain.
Corpses are no longer left on the streets there. They are taken out and probably burned.
There are mass deportations of people from the occupied areas. Hundreds of thousands of people have already been deported. They are placed in special filtration camps. Documents are taken away from them. They are interrogated and humiliated. It is unknown how many are killed.
Many deportees are distributed in the regions of Russia and banned from leaving.
Obviously, all this is an attempt to get rid of witnesses to Russian war crimes in Ukraine.
Is it possible that the Russian military has done and is doing so without orders from the high command? Impossible. Is it possible that the Russian political leadership is not aware of the consequences of such orders? Impossible.
But this is happening on our Ukrainian land. Why?
The answer is very cynical. They are confident of impunity. They are sure that they will be able to make the world forget it. They are sure Europe will forget this or Europe's claims can simply be brushed aside.
They have a simple, ordinary logic. Like, everyone needs to trade. Everyone needs oil. Everyone needs gas. Everyone will want to use Russian territory for the transit of their goods. Everyone will want to use the Russian market, the big market. That's what Moscow thinks.
Of course, if everyone in Europe were as principled and respected the values of Europe as you do in Lithuania, and we are proud of you, I am sure that the Russian leadership would not hope that they would go unpunished. Probably, this war would not have begun. They would not have dared to make a decision to start it.
But what do we see?
The European Union is discussing the sixth - I emphasize: the sixth package of sanctions against Russia for the war unprecedented since World War II, and it is still unknown whether oil will be subject to sanctions.
Even after seeing massacres in Bucha and other cities, even knowing about the deportations of people, even watching the deliberate destruction of peaceful cities by Russian missiles and air bombs - some EU countries cannot decide when they will at least significantly limit the purchase of Russian energy.
Hundreds of European companies and banks have not only not yet refused to operate in the Russian market, but are also showing outright contempt in response to demands to stop financing Russia's military machine through their taxes and excise taxes.
And all this is happening right now - when the blood is still fresh. What does this indicate?
If oil is being seriously discussed only for the sixth package of sanctions, then the world does not realize what war Russia was preparing for. If there is still no clear decision on Russian gas, there can be no certainty that Europe has a common will to stop Russian war crimes. To force Russia to seek peace.
If there are large European companies and large European banks, which even in the midst of hostilities in Ukraine do not consider it necessary to withdraw from the Russian market, it means that all other companies will take this as a signal: wait, wait a bit and then you can work as usual, even if nothing changes significantly in Russia's behavior.
Ladies and Gentlemen!
Dear Lithuanian people!
I am grateful to you for the leadership. For being the first to abandon Russian energy now. When it is really necessary.
I am grateful to you, Gitanas, for the important decision. For being the first to give us real help, to give us weapons. Stingers and more.
It was a historic manifestation of leadership. After all, the Lithuanian people, like no other, understand how the occupiers can destroy freedom and at what cost the independence is rebuilt then, which you have done exemplary.
This is exactly the kind of leadership the whole continent needs now to truly save and uphold common values that are undoubtedly important for Europe.
To prove that the common values of freedom, human rights, respect for state borders and prevention of a war of invasion are in fact alive, not something outdated and worthy of a museum only.
When the continent thought primarily of selfish interests, rather than of what should unite everyone, this has always led to terrible times for Europe as a whole. Discord, outbreaks of revanchism, wars - this is definitely not what Europeans need in the 21st century.
But this is what Russia is trying to bring back.
The Russian state must be responsible for this war. Russian officials and military commanders, all those guilty of war crimes, must be held accountable. All organizers and perpetrators of deportation must be held accountable. Russia must be deprived of any opportunity to terrorize its neighbors.
It's not just about us, it's not just about Ukraine! The real Russian plans are obvious to everyone. Ukraine is just the beginning. Next, God forbid, but next is your state, other Baltic states, Moldova, Georgia, Poland, Central Asian states. Threats are already being heard from Moscow against Finland and Sweden.
How will Europe be able to stop Russia's further expansion if it is not yet able to stop even what is happening in Ukraine now?
Although I know that Lithuania is already doing everything one hundred percent to protect Europe's values, freedom and security for Europeans, it is important that the whole of Europe works one hundred percent.
Every effort must be made to ensure that Europe's response to Russian aggression is truly strong and truly consolidated.
We cannot wait for the elaboration of the seventh or eighth or ninth, tenth, twentieth package of sanctions against Russia in order to make really powerful decisions. We must do everything necessary now - in the sixth package of sanctions. The European Union can do that. And it must do that. It must include oil there. It must impose sanctions on Russian banks - on all of them, not part. No demonstrations needed.
Specific deadlines must finally be set for each EU state in order to really abandon or at least significantly limit the consumption of Russian gas, oil, etc.
Only then will the Russian leadership come to the conclusion that real peace must be sought. That war is a catastrophe first of all for them.
We have already achieved a lot at the bilateral level. True understanding. True allied relations based not just on interests, but on values and on our common historical path.
We will only strengthen our cooperation in the original format of the Lublin Triangle. This will definitely be the basis for a new security configuration in the Baltic-Black Sea region.
Ukraine is also grateful to all our friends in the European Union for starting the accelerated procedure for our country to obtain the status of a candidate for EU membership. We are especially grateful to the Republic of Lithuania.
Successfully completing the procedure in the near future is also a must to show Russia that the war will not break either you or the whole of Europe.
And when peace finally comes - and I am sure it will come very soon if everyone in Europe is truly principled - we will be able to quickly and demonstratively rebuild Ukraine after this war.
I invite your society, your companies, your state to join the project of reconstruction of Ukraine. The reconstruction, which will be the most convincing argument for all those who still have doubts about Europe. About its future. About its potential.
Life must win the war. Values must win the war. Europe must win the war. And we will win.
I am grateful to each of you!
I am grateful to the Lithuanian people!
Glory to Ukraine!
- sent from - / PETAWAWA CAMP / 27 X / 64 / ONT. / - cds cancel - B/T M20-61 (RF B) - proofed 7 June 1950.
- sent by registered mail - / R / PETAWAWA CAMP, ONT. / No. (871) / - Registered boxed marking in black ink - is not listed in Bailey / Toop - Sayles gives it a RF C.
- via - / PEMBROKE / 20 / OC 27 / 64 / ONT. / - cds transit backstamp
- via - / MONT. & TOR. / 17 / 28 X / 64 / R.P.O. / - rpo cds transit backstamp
- arrived at - / OAKVILLE, ONT. / 28 / X / 1964 / REGISTERED / - large cds arrival backstamp (30.5 mm).
- sent by - D.R. Mountford / Box 308 / Camp Petawawa / Ontario
Desmond Reynolds Mountford - LINK to his newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/clip/116531286/obituary-for-desmond-re... LINK to his Find a Grave site - www.findagrave.com/memorial/231681082/desmond-reynolds-mo....
Addressed to - Northrigg Investments Limited / P.O. Box 301 / 169 Colborne Street East / Oakville / Ontario
Company is manager and distributor of shares of Entarea Investment Fund, a mutual fund. It acquired assets of Northrigg Investments Ltd., a real estate firm, in November 1964. LINK - www.newspapers.com/clip/116535444/northrigg-investment-ltd/
An Air Force Lockheed Martin F-22 "Raptor" assigned to the 3rd Wing flies over Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska, Feb. 27, 2018. The Lockheed Martin F-22 "Raptor" is the U.S. Air Force’s premium fifth-generation fighter asset.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Lockheed Martin F-22 "Raptor" is a fifth-generation, single-seat, twin-engine, all-weather stealth tactical fighter aircraft developed for the United States Air Force (USAF). The result of the USAF's Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF) program, the aircraft was designed primarily as an air superiority fighter, but also has ground attack, electronic warfare, and signal intelligence capabilities. The prime contractor, Lockheed Martin, built most of the F-22's airframe and weapons systems and conducted final assembly, while Boeing provided the wings, aft fuselage, avionics integration, and training systems.
The aircraft was variously designated F-22 and F/A-22 before it formally entered service in December 2005 as the F-22A. Despite its protracted development and various operational issues, USAF officials consider the F-22 a critical component of the service's tactical air power. Its combination of stealth, aerodynamic performance, and situational awareness enable unprecedented air combat capabilities.
Service officials had originally planned to buy a total of 750 ATFs. In 2009, the program was cut to 187 operational production aircraft due to high costs, a lack of clear air-to-air missions due to delays in Russian and Chinese fighter programs, a ban on exports, and development of the more versatile F-35. The last F-22 was delivered in 2012.
Development
Origins
In 1981, the U.S. Air Force identified a requirement for an Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF) to replace the F-15 "Eagle" and F-16 "Fighting Falcon". Code named "Senior Sky", this air-superiority fighter program was influenced by emerging worldwide threats, including new developments in Soviet air defense systems and the proliferation of the Su-27 "Flanker"- and MiG-29 "Fulcrum"-class of fighter aircraft. It would take advantage of the new technologies in fighter design on the horizon, including composite materials, lightweight alloys, advanced flight control systems, more powerful propulsion systems, and most importantly, stealth technology. In 1983, the ATF concept development team became the System Program Office (SPO) and managed the program at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. The demonstration and validation (Dem/Val) request for proposals (RFP) was issued in September 1985, with requirements placing strong emphasis on stealth and supercruise. Of the seven bidding companies, Lockheed and Northrop were selected on 31 October 1986. Lockheed teamed with Boeing and General Dynamics while Northrop teamed with McDonnell Douglas, and the two contractor teams undertook a 50-month Dem/Val phase, culminating in the flight test of two technology demonstrator prototypes, the YF-22 and the YF-23, respectively.
Dem/Val was focused on risk reduction and technology development plans over specific aircraft designs. Contractors made extensive use of analytical and empirical methods, including computational fluid dynamics, wind-tunnel testing, and radar cross-section calculations and pole testing; the Lockheed team would conduct nearly 18,000 hours of wind-tunnel testing. Avionics development was marked by extensive testing and prototyping and supported by ground and flying laboratories. During Dem/Val, the SPO used the results of performance and cost trade studies conducted by contractor teams to adjust ATF requirements and delete ones that were significant weight and cost drivers while having marginal value. The short takeoff and landing (STOL) requirement was relaxed in order to delete thrust-reversers, saving substantial weight. As avionics was a major cost driver, side-looking radars were deleted, and the dedicated infra-red search and track (IRST) system was downgraded from multi-color to single color and then deleted as well. However, space and cooling provisions were retained to allow for future addition of these components. The ejection seat requirement was downgraded from a fresh design to the existing McDonnell Douglas ACES II. Despite efforts by the contractor teams to rein in weight, the takeoff gross weight estimate was increased from 50,000 lb (22,700 kg) to 60,000 lb (27,200 kg), resulting in engine thrust requirement increasing from 30,000 lbf (133 kN) to 35,000 lbf (156 kN) class.
Each team produced two prototype air vehicles for Dem/Val, one for each of the two engine options. The YF-22 had its maiden flight on 29 September 1990 and in flight tests achieved up to Mach 1.58 in supercruise. After the Dem/Val flight test of the prototypes, on 23 April 1991, Secretary of the USAF Donald Rice announced the Lockheed team as the winner of the ATF competition. The YF-23 design was considered stealthier and faster, while the YF-22, with its thrust vectoring nozzles, was more maneuverable as well as less expensive and risky. The aviation press speculated that the Lockheed team's design was also more adaptable to the U.S. Navy's Navalized Advanced Tactical Fighter (NATF), but by 1992, the Navy had abandoned NATF.
Production and procurement
As the program moved to full-scale development, or the Engineering & Manufacturing Development (EMD) stage, the production version had notable differences from the YF-22, despite having a broadly similar shape. The swept-back angle of the leading edge was decreased from 48° to 42°, while the vertical stabilizers were shifted rearward and decreased in area by 20%. To improve pilot visibility, the canopy was moved forward 7 inches (18 cm), and the engine intakes moved rearward 14 inches (36 cm). The shapes of the wing and stabilator trailing edges were refined to improve aerodynamics, strength, and stealth characteristics. Increasing weight during development caused slight reductions in range and maneuver performance.
Prime contractor Lockheed Martin Aeronautics manufactured the majority of the airframe and performed final assembly at Dobbins Air Reserve Base in Marietta, Georgia; program partner Boeing Defense, Space & Security provided additional airframe components as well as avionics integration and training systems. The first F-22, an EMD aircraft with tail number 4001, was unveiled at Marietta, Georgia, on 9 April 1997, and first flew on 7 September 1997. Production, with the first lot awarded in September 2000, supported over 1,000 subcontractors and suppliers from 46 states and up to 95,000 jobs, and spanned 15 years at a peak rate of roughly two airplanes per month. In 2006, the F-22 development team won the Collier Trophy, American aviation's most prestigious award. Due to the aircraft's advanced nature, contractors have been targeted by cyberattacks and technology theft.
The USAF originally envisioned ordering 750 ATFs at a total program cost of $44.3 billion and procurement cost of $26.2 billion in fiscal year (FY) 1985 dollars, with production beginning in 1994. The 1990 Major Aircraft Review led by Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney reduced this to 648 aircraft beginning in 1996. By 1997, funding instability had further cut the total to 339, which was again reduced to 277 by 2003. In 2004, the Department of Defense (DoD) further reduced this to 183 operational aircraft, despite the USAF's preference for 381. A multi-year procurement plan was implemented in 2006 to save $15 billion, with total program cost projected to be $62 billion for 183 F-22s distributed to seven combat squadrons. In 2008, Congress passed a defense spending bill that raised the total orders for production aircraft to 187.
The first two F-22s built were EMD aircraft in the Block 1.0 configuration for initial flight testing, while the third was a Block 2.0 aircraft built to represent the internal structure of production airframes and enabled it to test full flight loads. Six more EMD aircraft were built in the Block 10 configuration for development and upgrade testing, with the last two considered essentially production quality jets. Production for operational squadrons consisted of 37 Block 20 training aircraft and 149 Block 30/35 combat aircraft; one of the Block 35 aircraft is dedicated to flight sciences at Edwards Air Force Base.
The numerous new technologies in the F-22 resulted in substantial cost overruns and delays. Many capabilities were deferred to post-service upgrades, reducing the initial cost but increasing total program cost. As production wound down in 2011, the total program cost is estimated to be about $67.3 billion, with $32.4 billion spent on Research, Development, Test and Evaluation (RDT&E) and $34.9 billion on procurement and military construction (MILCON) in then year dollars. The incremental cost for an additional F-22 was estimated at about $138 million in 2009.
Ban on exports
The F-22 cannot be exported under US federal law to protect its stealth technology and other high-tech features. Customers for U.S. fighters are acquiring earlier designs such as the F-15 "Eagle" and F-16 "Fighting Falcon" or the newer F-35 "Lightning II", which contains technology from the F-22 but was designed to be cheaper, more flexible, and available for export. In September 2006, Congress upheld the ban on foreign F-22 sales. Despite the ban, the 2010 defense authorization bill included provisions requiring the DoD to prepare a report on the costs and feasibility for an F-22 export variant, and another report on the effect of F-22 export sales on U.S. aerospace industry.
Some Australian politicians and defense commentators proposed that Australia should attempt to purchase F-22s instead of the planned F-35s, citing the F-22's known capabilities and F-35's delays and developmental uncertainties. However, the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) determined that the F-22 was unable to perform the F-35's strike and close air support roles. The Japanese government also showed interest in the F-22 for its Replacement-Fighter program. The Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) would reportedly require fewer fighters for its mission if it obtained the F-22, thus reducing engineering and staffing costs. However, in 2009 it was reported that acquiring the F-22 would require increases to the Japanese government's defense budget beyond the historical 1 percent of its GDP. With the end of F-22 production, Japan chose the F-35 in December 2011. Israel also expressed interest, but eventually chose the F-35 because of the F-22's price and unavailability.
Production termination
Throughout the 2000s, the need for F-22s was debated, due to rising costs and the lack of relevant adversaries. In 2006, Comptroller General of the United States David Walker found that "the DoD has not demonstrated the need" for more investment in the F-22, and further opposition to the program was expressed by Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, Deputy Secretary of Defense Gordon R. England, Senator John McCain, and Chairman of U.S. Senate Committee on Armed Services Senator John Warner. The F-22 program lost influential supporters in 2008 after the forced resignations of Secretary of the Air Force Michael Wynne and the Chief of Staff of the Air Force General T. Michael Moseley.
In November 2008, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates stated that the F-22 was not relevant in post-Cold War conflicts such as irregular warfare operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, and in April 2009, under the new Obama Administration, he called for ending production in FY2011, leaving the USAF with 187 production aircraft. In July, General James Cartwright, Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, stated to the Senate Committee on Armed Services his reasons for supporting termination of F-22 production. They included shifting resources to the multirole F-35 to allow proliferation of fifth-generation fighters for three service branches and preserving the F/A-18 production line to maintain the military's electronic warfare (EW) capabilities in the Boeing EA-18G "Growler". Issues with the F-22's reliability and availability also raised concerns. After President Obama threatened to veto further production, the Senate voted in July 2009 in favor of ending production and the House subsequently agreed to abide by the 187 production aircraft cap. Gates stated that the decision was taken in light of the F-35's capabilities, and in 2010, he set the F-22 requirement to 187 aircraft by lowering the number of major regional conflict preparations from two to one.
In 2010, USAF initiated a study to determine the costs of retaining F-22 tooling for a future Service Life Extension Program (SLEP). A RAND Corporation paper from this study estimated that restarting production and building an additional 75 F-22s would cost $17 billion, resulting in $227 million per aircraft, or $54 million higher than the flyaway cost. Lockheed Martin stated that restarting the production line itself would cost about $200 million. Production tooling and associated documentation were subsequently stored at the Sierra Army Depot, allowing the retained tooling to support the fleet life cycle. There were reports that attempts to retrieve this tooling found empty containers, but a subsequent audit found that the tooling was stored as expected.
Russian and Chinese fighter developments have fueled concern, and in 2009, General John Corley, head of Air Combat Command, stated that a fleet of 187 F-22s would be inadequate, but Secretary Gates dismissed General Corley's concern. In 2011, Gates explained that Chinese fifth-generation fighter developments had been accounted for when the number of F-22s was set, and that the U.S. would have a considerable advantage in stealth aircraft in 2025, even with F-35 delays. In December 2011, the 195th and final F-22 was completed out of 8 test EMD and 187 operational aircraft produced; the aircraft was delivered to the USAF on 2 May 2012.
In April 2016, the House Armed Services Committee (HASC) Tactical Air and Land Forces Subcommittee proposed legislation that would direct the Air Force to conduct a cost study and assessment associated with resuming production of the F-22. Since the production halt directed in 2009 by then Defense Secretary Gates, lawmakers and the Pentagon noted that air warfare systems of Russia and China were catching up to those of the U.S. Lockheed Martin has proposed upgrading the Block 20 training aircraft into combat-coded Block 30/35 versions as a way to increase numbers available for deployment. On 9 June 2017, the Air Force submitted their report to Congress stating they had no plans to restart the F-22 production line due to economic and operational issues; it estimated it would cost approximately $50 billion to procure 194 additional F-22s at a cost of $206–$216 million per aircraft, including approximately $9.9 billion for non-recurring start-up costs and $40.4 billion for aircraft procurement costs.
Upgrades
The first aircraft with combat-capable Block 3.0 software flew in 2001. Increment 2, the first upgrade program, was implemented in 2005 for Block 20 aircraft onward and enabled the employment of Joint Direct Attack Munitions (JDAM). Certification of the improved AN/APG-77(V)1 radar was completed in March 2007, and airframes from production Lot 5 onward are fitted with this radar, which incorporates air-to-ground modes. Increment 3.1 for Block 30 aircraft onward provided improved ground-attack capability through synthetic aperture radar mapping and radio emitter direction finding, electronic attack and Small Diameter Bomb (SDB) integration; testing began in 2009 and the first upgraded aircraft was delivered in 2011. To address oxygen deprivation issues, F-22s were fitted with an automatic backup oxygen system (ABOS) and modified life support system starting in 2012.
Increment 3.2 for Block 35 aircraft is a two-part upgrade process; 3.2A focuses on electronic warfare, communications and identification, while 3.2B includes geolocation improvements and a new stores management system to show the correct symbols for the AIM-9X and AIM-120D. To enable two-way communication with other platforms, the F-22 can use the Battlefield Airborne Communications Node (BACN) as a gateway. The planned Multifunction Advanced Data Link (MADL) integration was cut due to development delays and lack of proliferation among USAF platforms. The F-22 fleet is planned to start receiving Increment 3.2B as well as a software upgrade for cryptography capabilities and avionics stability in May 2019. A Multifunctional Information Distribution System-Joint (MIDS-J) radio that replaces the current Link-16 receive-only box is expected to be operational by 2020. Subsequent upgrades are also focusing on having an open architecture to enable faster future enhancements.
In 2024, funding is projected to begin for the F-22 mid-life upgrade (MLU), which is expected to include new sensors and antennas, hardware refresh, cockpit improvements, and a helmet mounted display and cuing system. Other enhancements being developed include IRST functionality for the AN/AAR-56 Missile Launch Detector (MLD) and more durable stealth coating based on the F-35's.
The F-22 was designed for a service life of 8,000 flight hours, with a $350 million "structures retrofit program". Investigations are being made for upgrades to extend their useful lives further. In the long term, the F-22 is expected to be superseded by a sixth-generation jet fighter to be fielded in the 2030s.
Design
Overview
The F-22 "Raptor" is a fifth-generation fighter that is considered fourth generation in stealth aircraft technology by the USAF. It is the first operational aircraft to combine supercruise, supermaneuverability, stealth, and sensor fusion in a single weapons platform. The F-22 has four empennage surfaces, retractable tricycle landing gear, and clipped delta wings with reverse trailing edge sweep and leading edge extensions running to the upper outboard corner of the inlets. Flight control surfaces include leading-edge flaps, flaperons, ailerons, rudders on the canted vertical stabilizers, and all-moving horizontal tails (stabilators); for speed brake function, the ailerons deflect up, flaperons down, and rudders outwards to increase drag.
The aircraft's dual Pratt & Whitney F119-PW-100 augmented turbofan engines are closely spaced and incorporate pitch-axis thrust vectoring nozzles with a range of ±20 degrees; each engine has maximum thrust in the 35,000 lbf (156 kN) class. The F-22's thrust-to-weight ratio at typical combat weight is nearly at unity in maximum military power and 1.25 in full afterburner. Maximum speed without external stores is approximately Mach 1.8 at military power and greater than Mach 2 with afterburners.
The F-22's high cruise speed and operating altitude over prior fighters improve the effectiveness of its sensors and weapon systems, and increase survivability against ground defenses such as surface-to-air missiles. The aircraft is among only a few that can supercruise, or sustain supersonic flight without using fuel-inefficient afterburners; it can intercept targets which subsonic aircraft would lack the speed to pursue and an afterburner-dependent aircraft would lack the fuel to reach. The F-22's thrust and aerodynamics enable regular combat speeds of Mach 1.5 at 50,000 feet (15,000 m). The use of internal weapons bays permits the aircraft to maintain comparatively higher performance over most other combat-configured fighters due to a lack of aerodynamic drag from external stores. The aircraft's structure contains a significant amount of high-strength materials to withstand stress and heat of sustained supersonic flight. Respectively, titanium alloys and composites comprise 39% and 24% of the structural weight.
The F-22's aerodynamics, relaxed stability, and powerful thrust-vectoring engines give it excellent maneuverability and energy potential across its flight envelope. The airplane has excellent high alpha (angle of attack) characteristics, capable of flying at trimmed alpha of over 60° while maintaining roll control and performing maneuvers such as the Herbst maneuver (J-turn) and Pugachev's Cobra. The flight control system and full-authority digital engine control (FADEC) make the aircraft highly departure resistant and controllable, thus giving the pilot carefree handling.
Stealth
The F-22 was designed to be highly difficult to detect and track by radar. Measures to reduce radar cross-section (RCS) include airframe shaping such as alignment of edges, fixed-geometry serpentine inlets and curved vanes that prevent line-of-sight of the engine faces and turbines from any exterior view, use of radar-absorbent material (RAM), and attention to detail such as hinges and pilot helmets that could provide a radar return. The F-22 was also designed to have decreased radio emissions, infrared signature and acoustic signature as well as reduced visibility to the naked eye. The aircraft's flat thrust-vectoring nozzles reduce infrared emissions of the exhaust plume to mitigate the threat of infrared homing ("heat seeking") surface-to-air or air-to-air missiles. Additional measures to reduce the infrared signature include special topcoat and active cooling of leading edges to manage the heat buildup from supersonic flight.
Compared to previous stealth designs like the F-117, the F-22 is less reliant on RAM, which are maintenance-intensive and susceptible to adverse weather conditions. Unlike the B-2, which requires climate-controlled hangars, the F-22 can undergo repairs on the flight line or in a normal hangar. The F-22 has a Signature Assessment System which delivers warnings when the radar signature is degraded and necessitates repair. While the F-22's exact RCS is classified, in 2009 Lockheed Martin released information indicating that from certain angles the aircraft has an RCS of 0.0001 m² or −40 dBsm – equivalent to the radar reflection of a "steel marble". Effectively maintaining the stealth features can decrease the F-22's mission capable rate to 62–70%.
The effectiveness of the stealth characteristics is difficult to gauge. The RCS value is a restrictive measurement of the aircraft's frontal or side area from the perspective of a static radar. When an aircraft maneuvers it exposes a completely different set of angles and surface area, potentially increasing radar observability. Furthermore, the F-22's stealth contouring and radar absorbent materials are chiefly effective against high-frequency radars, usually found on other aircraft. The effects of Rayleigh scattering and resonance mean that low-frequency radars such as weather radars and early-warning radars are more likely to detect the F-22 due to its physical size. However, such radars are also conspicuous, susceptible to clutter, and have low precision. Additionally, while faint or fleeting radar contacts make defenders aware that a stealth aircraft is present, reliably vectoring interception to attack the aircraft is much more challenging. According to the USAF an F-22 surprised an Iranian F-4 "Phantom II" that was attempting to intercept an American UAV, despite Iran's assertion of having military VHF radar coverage over the Persian Gulf.
Address:〒071-0235 北海道上川郡美瑛町白金
青池（日語：青い池／あおいいけ Aoi-ike）是位於日本北海道上川郡美瑛町白金的一個人工水池。又稱「白金青池」、「美瑛白金青池」。
青池標高約500米，位於美瑛町的東南部，美瑛川左岸，白金溫泉西北約2.5公里處。為1988年（昭和63年）12月，為了防止十勝岳爆發後的堆積物產生火山泥流的災害，在美瑛川建設了多個攔河堤，而青池就是其中的一座攔河堤所形成的水池。
Info: wikipedia.org
(from - Wrigley's 1918 British Columbia directory) - BURQUITLAM - a post office and farming settlement between New Westminster and Port Coquitlam, in Dewdney Provincial Electoral District, reached by jitney stage from New Westminster, which is the business centre.
BURQUITLAM was located three and one-half miles north of New Westminster, between Burnaby and Coquitlam. Name derived from positions of the two adjoining municipalities - Coquitlam and Burnaby - for the purpose of providing a post office. BURQUITLAM Post Office opened - 1 October 1906, with Peter Lawson as postmaster. BURQUITLAM Post Office amalgamated as a sub-office of New Westminster Post Office - 1 August 1946 becoming New Westminster-Burquitlam.
Link - to a list of the Postmasters who served at the BURQUITLAM Post Office - recherche-collection-search.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/home/record...
When this registered letter entered the postal system at BURQUITLAM the Postmistress was Mrs. May Copping - she served as Postmistress at BURQUITLAM from - 16 June 1933 to - 24 April 1944.
May (nee Cotton) Copping / Stevens
(b. 15 July 1886 in in Grundisburgh, Suffolk, England - d. 25 August 1970 at age 84 in Vancouver, British Columbia) - LINK to her death certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/25... - LINK to her newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-obituary-for...
Copping's Corner (garage, store and Post Office) located on the corner of Hamilton and North Roads in Burquitlam. The Post Office was located in the old country Copping's Store in a little alcove in the back, where Mrs. May Copping dispenced the mail.
Her first husband - George Copping
(b. 27 November 1863 in England - d. 19 September 1930 at age 66 in Coquitlam, British Columbia )
Her second husband - Albert Charles Stevens
(b. 26 September 1884 in England - d. 10 September 1961 at age 76 in Vancouver, British Columbia) - occupation - building inspector for the City of Vancouver, B.C. - LINK to his death certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/ca... - LINK to his newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/article/the-vancouver-sun-obituary-for...
- sent from - / BURQUITLAM / FE 13 / 40 / B.C. / - split ring cancel - this split ring hammer (A1-1) was not listed in the Proof Book - it was most likely proofed c. 1906 when the Post Office opened - (RF C).
- sent by registered mail - / R / BURQUITLAM, B.C. / ORIGINAL No. / 490 / - registered boxed marking in purple ink
- via - / NEW WESTMINSTER / 10 / FE 13 / 40 / B.C. / - cds transit backstamp
- via - / VANCOUVER / FE 13 / 40 / B.C. / - cds transit backstamp
George VI "Mufti" Period
1937 - 1942
International Mail - The international surface rates which were in effect during the 1937 - 1942 period were unchanged from those which applied in 1931. Preferred Letter Rate - A reduced international letter rate was available for mail to the following destinations: Great Britain and places within the Empire, Republic of Ireland, France, Spain , United States and all other countries in North and South America. LINK - postalhistorycorner.blogspot.com/2011/06/george-vi-mufti-...
The rate was 3 cents for the first ounce and 2 cents for each additional ounce.
7 cents paying the 3 ounce rate to New Zealand
The registration fee was 10 cents to New Zealand
Burquitlam, B.C. to Dunedin, New Zealand - 13 February 1940 - 3 cents (first ounce) + 2 cents (second ounce) + 2 cents (third ounce) + 10 cents registration = 17 cents
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- sent by - A.P. Ranger / Hamilton Rd. / Burquitlam, B.C.
Albert Percy Ranger
(b. 17 August 1888 in London, England - d. 16 November 1961 age 73 in Burnaby, British Columbia) - he had a small chicken farm in Burquitlam, B.C. - LINK to his death certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/1d...
His wife - Winnifred Kathleen "Kate" (nee Petty) Ranger
(b. 22 November 1886 in London, England - d. 30 March 1969 at age 82 in New Westminster, British Columbia) - they were married in 1920 in Hampstead, London, England - LINK to her death certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/54...
Addressed to - Messrs Wilcox Smith & Co. / 14 Manse Street / Dunedin / New Zealand
Wilcox Smith & Company - Dunedin firm of stamp dealers - Took over business of Auckland Foreign Stamp Depot in 1883. The firm was run by W L Hooper until his death in 1942. George Kitchin J P owned the business until his death in 1964. It was then bought by Laurie Franks Ltd and moved to Christchurch. Letter book, 1883-1885, is to be placed in the library of the Christchurch Philatelic Society.
The Rockleigh Country Club
Full Address (Number, Street, Town, Zip): 26 Paris Avenue Rockleigh NJ 07647 By Alex Kaplan www.AlexKaplanWeddings.com
Phnom Penh, Cambodia, 2015
Leica M7, Super-Elmar 21, Portra 160
Vietnamese bonze
The 5 million or so overseas Vietnamese (Người Việt Hải Ngoại, Người Việt Tự Do or Việt Kiều) could be seen as a true ethnic group of Vietnam (5 %), a multi-ethnic country with a total population of nearly 95 million people and over 55 distinct ethnic groups.