View allAll Photos Tagged uniquely
For the November 2007 365 Days Starters Group scavenger hunt
2~ unique. a landmark or "thing" that is unique to your city/town that the average visitor/tourist doesn't usually get to see.
Okay, I have to admit, *I* didn't even know this thing was there until someone mentioned it in a comment on one of my Turtle Boy photos (thanks, Claudia Snell!). I made Gary and Rowan come along with me when I went to take these photos, because I knew they'd have to see it in all its glory to believe I wasn't making this stuff up.
At least, unlike Turtle Boy, the dolphin appears to be enjoying himself in this statue! (I have several more angles that show the dolphin's face a little better, but you can sort of see his smile from this angle, while seeing that our little dolphin riding hero hasn't
yet entered puberty!)
We have never seen clouds like this. I didn't get the peak of colour but they are certainly unusual.
- unique dining tables above is part of popular unique dining tables collection which uploaded by admin in Dining Room inventory. We believe this image will be good for your reference. We have attached another great unique dining tables below. You can save as your references. Bookmark our site
Maxim Gorky
Alexei Maximovich Peshkov (Russian: Алексе́й Макси́мович Пешко́в or Пе́шков;[1] 28 March [O.S. 16 March] 1868 – 18 June 1936), primarily known as Maxim Gorky (Russian: Макси́м Го́рький), was a Russian and Soviet writer, a founder of the socialist realism literary method, and a political activist.[2] He was also a five-time nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature.[3] Around fifteen years before success as a writer, he frequently changed jobs and roamed across the Russian Empire; these experiences would later influence his writing. Gorky's most famous works were The Lower Depths (1902), Twenty-six Men and a Girl (1899), The Song of the Stormy Petrel (1901), My Childhood (1913–1914), Mother (1906), Summerfolk (1904) and Children of the Sun (1905). He had an association with fellow Russian writers Leo Tolstoy and Anton Chekhov; Gorky would later mention them in his memoirs.
Gorky was active with the emerging Marxist social-democratic movement. He publicly opposed the Tsarist regime, and for a time closely associated himself with Vladimir Lenin and Alexander Bogdanov's Bolshevik wing of the party. For a significant part of his life, he was exiled from Russia and later the Soviet Union. In 1932, he returned to the USSR on Joseph Stalin's personal invitation and lived there until his death in June 1936.
Contents
1 Life
1.1 Early years
1.2 Political and literary development
1.3 Capri years
1.4 Return from exile
1.5 Povolzhye famine
1.6 Second exile
1.7 Death of Lenin
1.8 Return to Russia: last years
1.9 Apologist for the gulag
1.10 Hostility to gays
1.11 Conflicts[citation needed] with Stalinists
1.12 Death
2 Depictions and adaptations
3 Selected works
3.1 Novels
3.2 Novellas
3.3 Short stories
3.4 Drama
3.5 Non-fiction
3.6 Collections
4 See also
5 Notes
6 Sources
7 Further reading
8 External links
Life
Early years
Born as Alexei Maximovich Peshkov on 28 March [O.S. 16 March] 1868, in Nizhny Novgorod, Gorky became an orphan at the age of eleven. He was brought up by his grandmother[2] and ran away from home at the age of twelve in 1880. After an attempt at suicide in December 1887, he travelled on foot across the Russian Empire for five years, changing jobs and accumulating impressions used later in his writing.[2]
As a journalist working for provincial newspapers, he wrote under the pseudonym Иегудиил Хламида (Jehudiel Khlamida).[4] He started using the pseudonym "Gorky" (from горький; literally "bitter") in 1892, when his first short story, "Makar Chudra", was published by the newspaper Kavkaz (The Caucasus) in Tiflis, where he spent several weeks doing menial jobs, mostly for the Caucasian Railway workshops.[5][6][7] The name reflected his simmering anger about life in Russia and a determination to speak the bitter truth. Gorky's first book Очерки и рассказы (Essays and Stories) in 1898 enjoyed a sensational success, and his career as a writer began. Gorky wrote incessantly, viewing literature less as an aesthetic practice (though he worked hard on style and form) than as a moral and political act that could change the world. He described the lives of people in the lowest strata and on the margins of society, revealing their hardships, humiliations, and brutalisation, but also their inward spark of humanity.[2]
Political and literary development
Anton Chekhov and Gorky. 1900, Yalta
Gorky's reputation grew as a unique literary voice from the bottom strata of society and as a fervent advocate of Russia's social, political, and cultural transformation. By 1899, he was openly associating with the emerging Marxist social-democratic movement, which helped make him a celebrity among both the intelligentsia and the growing numbers of "conscious" workers. At the heart of all his work was a belief in the inherent worth and potential of the human person. In his writing, he counterposed individuals, aware of their natural dignity, and inspired by energy and will, with people who succumb to the degrading conditions of life around them. Both his writings and his letters reveal a "restless man" (a frequent self-description) struggling to resolve contradictory feelings of faith and scepticism, love of life and disgust at the vulgarity and pettiness of the human world.[citation needed]
In 1916, Gorky said that the teachings of the ancient Jewish sage Hillel the Elder deeply influenced his life: "In my early youth I read...the words of...Hillel, if I remember rightly: 'If thou art not for thyself, who will be for thee? But if thou art for thyself alone, wherefore art thou'? The inner meaning of these words impressed me with its profound wisdom...The thought ate its way deep into my soul, and I say now with conviction: Hillel's wisdom served as a strong staff on my road, which was neither even nor easy. I believe that Jewish wisdom is more all-human and universal than any other; and this not only because of its immemorial age...but because of the powerful humaneness that saturates it, because of its high estimate of man."[8]
He publicly opposed the Tsarist regime and was arrested many times. Gorky befriended many revolutionaries and became a personal friend of Vladimir Lenin after they met in 1902. He exposed governmental control of the press (see Matvei Golovinski affair). In 1902, Gorky was elected an honorary Academician of Literature, but Tsar Nicholas II ordered this annulled. In protest, Anton Chekhov and Vladimir Korolenko left the Academy.[9]
Leo Tolstoy with Gorky in Yasnaya Polyana, 1900
From 1900 to 1905, Gorky's writings became more optimistic. He became more involved in the opposition movement, for which he was again briefly imprisoned in 1901. In 1904, having severed his relationship with the Moscow Art Theatre in the wake of conflict with Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, Gorky returned to Nizhny Novgorod to establish a theatre of his own.[10] Both Konstantin Stanislavski and Savva Morozov provided financial support for the venture.[11] Stanislavski believed that Gorky's theatre was an opportunity to develop the network of provincial theatres which he hoped would reform the art of the stage in Russia, a dream of his since the 1890s.[11] He sent some pupils from the Art Theatre School—as well as Ioasaf Tikhomirov, who ran the school—to work there.[11] By the autumn, however, after the censor had banned every play that the theatre proposed to stage, Gorky abandoned the project.[11]
As a financially successful author, editor, and playwright, Gorky gave financial support to the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP), as well as supporting liberal appeals to the government for civil rights and social reform. The brutal shooting of workers marching to the Tsar with a petition for reform on 9 January 1905 (known as the "Bloody Sunday"), which set in motion the Revolution of 1905, seems to have pushed Gorky more decisively toward radical solutions. He became closely associated with Vladimir Lenin and Alexander Bogdanov's Bolshevik wing of the party, with Bogdanov taking responsibility for the transfer of funds from Gorky to Vpered.[12] It is not clear whether he ever formally joined, and his relations with Lenin and the Bolsheviks would always be rocky. His most influential writings in these years were a series of political plays, most famously The Lower Depths (1902). While briefly imprisoned in Peter and Paul Fortress during the abortive 1905 Russian Revolution, Gorky wrote the play Children of the Sun, nominally set during an 1862 cholera epidemic, but universally understood to relate to present-day events. He was released from the prison after a European-wide campaign, which was supported by Marie Curie, Auguste Rodin and Anatole France, amongst others.[13]
In 1906, the Bolsheviks sent him on a fund-raising trip to the United States with Ivan Narodny. When visiting the Adirondack Mountains, Gorky wrote Мать (Mat', Mother), his notable novel of revolutionary conversion and struggle. His experiences in the United States—which included a scandal over his travelling with his lover (the actress Maria Andreyeva) rather than his wife—deepened his contempt for the "bourgeois soul" but also his admiration for the boldness of the American spirit.[citation needed]
Capri years
In 1909–1911 Gorky lived on the island of Capri in the burgundy-coloured "Villa Behring".
From 1906 to 1913, Gorky lived on the island of Capri in southern Italy, partly for health reasons and partly to escape the increasingly repressive atmosphere in Russia.[2] He continued to support the work of Russian social-democracy, especially the Bolsheviks and invited Anatoly Lunacharsky to stay with him on Capri. The two men had worked together on Literaturny Raspad which appeared in 1908. It was during this period that Gorky, along with Lunacharsky, Bogdanov and Vladimir Bazarov developed the idea of an Encyclopedia of Russian History as a socialist version of Diderot's Encyclopedia. During a visit to Switzerland, Gorky met Lenin, who he charged spent an inordinate amount of his time feuding with other revolutionaries, writing: "He looked awful. Even his tongue seemed to have turned grey".[14] Despite his atheism,[15] Gorky was not a materialist.[16] Most controversially, he articulated, along with a few other maverick Bolsheviks, a philosophy he called "God-Building" (богостроительство, bogostroitel'stvo),[2] which sought to recapture the power of myth for the revolution and to create a religious atheism that placed collective humanity where God had been and was imbued with passion, wonderment, moral certainty, and the promise of deliverance from evil, suffering, and even death. Though 'God-Building' was ridiculed by Lenin, Gorky retained his belief that "culture"—the moral and spiritual awareness of the value and potential of the human self—would be more critical to the revolution's success than political or economic arrangements.
Return from exile
An amnesty granted for the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty allowed Gorky to return to Russia in 1913, where he continued his social criticism, mentored other writers from the common people, and wrote a series of important cultural memoirs, including the first part of his autobiography.[2] On returning to Russia, he wrote that his main impression was that "everyone is so crushed and devoid of God's image." The only solution, he repeatedly declared, was "culture".
After the February Revolution, Gorky visited the headquarters of the Okhrana (secret police) on Kronversky Prospekt together with Nikolai Sukhanov and Vladimir Zenisinov.[17] Gorky described the former Okhrana headquarters, where he sought literary inspiration, as derelict, with windows broken, and papers lying all over the floor.[18] Having dinner with Sukhanov later the same day, Gorky grimly predicated that revolution would end in "Asiatic savagery".[19] Initially a supporter of the Socialist-Revolutionary Alexander Kerensky, Gorky switched over to the Bolsheviks after the Kornilov affair.[20] In July 1917, Gorky wrote his own experiences of the Russian working class had been sufficient to dispel any "notions that Russian workers are the incarnation of spiritual beauty and kindness".[21] Gorky admitted to feeling attracted to Bolshevism, but admitted to concerns about a creed that made the entire working class "sweet and reasonable-I had never known people who were really like this".[22] Gorky wrote that he knew the poor, the "carpenters, stevedores, bricklayers", in a way that the intellectual Lenin never did, and he frankly distrusted them.[22]
During World War I, his apartment in Petrograd was turned into a Bolshevik staff room, and his politics remained close to the Bolsheviks throughout the revolutionary period of 1917. On the day after the Bolshevik coup of 7 November 1917, Gorky observed a gardener working the Alexander Park who had cleared snow during the February Revolution while ignoring the shots in the background, asked people during the July Days not to trample the grass and was now chopping off branches, leading Gorky to write that he was "stubborn as a mole, and apparently as blind as one too".[23] Gorky's relations with the Bolsheviks became strained, however, after the October Revolution. One contemporary remembered at how Gorky would turn "dark and black and grim" at the mere mention of Lenin.[24] Gorky wrote that Lenin together with Trotsky "have become poisoned with the filthy venom of power", crushing the rights of the individual to achieve their revolutionary dreams.[24] Gorky wrote that Lenin was a "cold-blooded trickster who spares neither the honor nor the life of the proletariat. ... He does not know the popular masses, he has not lived with them".[24] Gorky went on to compare Lenin to a chemist experimenting in a laboratory with the only difference being the chemist experimented with inanimate matter to improve life while Lenin was experimenting on the "living flesh of Russia".[24] A further strain on Gorky's relations with the Bolsheviks occurred when his newspaper Novaya Zhizn (Новая Жизнь, "New Life") fell prey to Bolshevik censorship during the ensuing civil war, around which time Gorky published a collection of essays critical of the Bolsheviks called Untimely Thoughts in 1918. (It would not be re-published in Russia until after the collapse of the Soviet Union.) The essays call Lenin a tyrant for his senseless arrests and repression of free discourse, and an anarchist for his conspiratorial tactics; Gorky compares Lenin to both the Tsar and Nechayev.[citation needed]
"Lenin and his associates," Gorky wrote, "consider it possible to commit all kinds of crimes ... the abolition of free speech and senseless arrests."[25]
In 1921, he hired a secretary, Moura Budberg, who later became his unofficial wife. In August 1921, the poet Nikolay Gumilev was arrested by the Petrograd Cheka for his monarchist views. There is a story that Gorky hurried to Moscow, obtained an order to release Gumilev from Lenin personally, but upon his return to Petrograd he found out that Gumilev had already been shot – but Nadezhda Mandelstam, a close friend of Gumilev's widow, Anna Akhmatova wrote that: "It is true that people asked him to intervene. ... Gorky had a strong dislike of Gumilev, but he nevertheless promised to do something. He could not keep his promise because the sentence of death was announced and carried out with unexpected haste, before Gorky had got round to doing anything."[26] In October, Gorky returned to Italy on health grounds: he had tuberculosis.
Povolzhye famine
In July 1921, Gorky published an appeal to the outside world, saying that millions of lives were menaced by crop failure. The Russian famine of 1921–22, also known as Povolzhye famine, killed an estimated 5 million, primarily affecting the Volga and Ural River regions.[27]
Second exile
Gorky left Russia in September 1921, for Berlin. There he heard about the impending Moscow Trial of 12 Socialist Revolutionaries, which hardened his opposition to the Bolshevik regime. He wrote to Anatole France denouncing the trial as a "cynical and public preparation for the murder" of people who had fought for the freedom of the Russian people. He also wrote to the Soviet vice-premier, Alexei Rykov asking him to tell Leon Trotsky that any death sentences carried out on the defendants would be "premeditated and foul murder."[28] This provoked a contemptuous reaction from Lenin, who described Gorky as "always supremely spineless in politics", and Trotsky, who dismissed Gorky as an "artist whom no-one takes seriously."[29] He was denied permission by Italy's fascist government to return to Capri, but was permitted to settle in Sorrento, where he lived from 1922 to 1932, with an extended household that included Moura Budberg, his ex-wife Andreyeva, her lover, Pyotr Kryuchkov, who acted as Gorky's secretary for the remainder of his life, Gorky's son Max Peshkov, Max's wife, Timosha, and their two young daughters.
He wrote several successful books while there,[30] but by 1928 he was having difficulty earning enough to keep his large household, and began to seek an accommodation with the communist regime. The Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin was equally keen to entice Gorky back to the USSR. He paid his first visit in May 1928 – at the very time when the regime was staging its first show trial since 1922, the so-called Shakhty Trial of 53 engineers employed in the coal industry, one of whom, Pyotr Osadchy, had visited Gorky in Sorrento. In contrast to his attitude to the trial of the Socialist Revolutionaries, Gorky accepted without question that the engineers were guilty, and expressed regret that in the past he had intervened on behalf of professionals who were being persecuted by the regime. During the visit, he struck up friendships with Genrikh Yagoda, the corrupt and murderous head of the Ogpu and two other Ogpu officers, Semyon Firin and Matvei Pogrebinsky, who held high office in the Gulag. Pogrebinsky was Gorky's guest in Sorrento for four weeks in 1930. The following year, Yagoda sent his brother-in-law, Leopold Averbakh to Sorrento, with instructions to induce Gorky to return to Russia permanently.[31]
Death of Lenin
After the death of Lenin in 1924, Gorky wrote the following:
Vladimir Lenin, a big, real man of this world, has passed away. His death is a painful blow to all who knew him, a very painful blow! But the black line of death shall only underscore his importance in the eyes of all the world - the importance of the leader of the world’s working people. If the clouds of hatred for him, the clouds of lies and slander woven round him were even denser, it would not matter, for there is no such force as could dim the torch he has raised in the stifling darkness of the world gone mad. Never has there been a man who deserves more to be remembered forever by the whole world. Vladimir Lenin is dead. But those to whom he bequeathed his wisdom and his will are living. They are alive and working more successfully than anyone on Earth has ever worked before.[32]
Return to Russia: last years
Avel Enukidze, Joseph Stalin and Maxim Gorky celebrate 10th anniversary of Sportintern. Red Square, Moscow USSR. Aug 1931
Gorky's return from Fascist Italy was a major propaganda victory for the Soviets. He was decorated with the Order of Lenin and given a mansion (formerly belonging to the millionaire Pavel Ryabushinsky, which was for many years the Gorky Museum) in Moscow and a dacha in the suburbs. The city of Nizhni Novgorod, and the surrounding province were renamed Gorky. Moscow's main park, and one of the central Moscow streets, Tverskaya, were renamed in his honour, as was the Moscow Art Theatre. The largest fixed-wing aircraft in the world in the mid-1930s, the Tupolev ANT-20 was named Maxim Gorky in his honour.
He was also appointed President of the Union of Soviet Writers, founded in 1932, to coincide with his return to the USSR. On 11 October 1931 Gorky read his fairy tale "A Girl and Death" to his visitors Joseph Stalin, Kliment Voroshilov and Vyacheslav Molotov, an event that was later depicted by Viktor Govorov in his painting. On that same day Stalin left his autograph on the last page of this work by Gorky: "Эта штука сильнее чем "Фауст" Гёте (любовь побеждает смерть)"[33] ["This piece is stronger than Goethe's Faust (love defeats death)]".
Apologist for the gulag
In 1933, Gorky co-edited, with Averbakh and Firin, an infamous book about the White Sea-Baltic Canal, presented as an example of "successful rehabilitation of the former enemies of proletariat". For other writers, he urged that one obtained realism by extracting the basic idea from reality, but by adding the potential and desirable to it, one added romanticism with deep revolutionary potential.[34] For himself, Gorky avoided realism. His denials that even a single prisoner died during the construction of the aforementioned canal were refuted by multiple accounts of thousands of prisoners who froze to death not only in the evenings from the lack of adequate shelter and food, but even in the middle of the day.[35]
On his definitive return to the Soviet Union in 1932, Maxim Gorky received the Ryabushinsky Mansion, designed in 1900 by Fyodor Schechtel for the Ryabushinsky family. The mansion today houses a museum about Gorky.
Hostility to gays
Gorky strongly supported efforts in getting a law passed in 1934, making homosexuality a criminal offense. His attitude was coloured by the fact that several leading members of the Nazi Sturmabteilung, or Brownshirts, were overtly homosexual. Writing in Pravda on 23 May 1934, Gorky claimed "exterminate all homosexuals and fascism will vanish."[36]
Conflicts[citation needed] with Stalinists
By the summer of 1934, Gorky was increasingly in conflict with the Soviet authorities. He was angry that Leopold Averbakh, whom he regarded as a protege, was denied a role in the newly created Writers Union, and objected to interference by the Central Committee staff in the affairs of the union. This conflict, which may have been exacerbated by Gorky's despair over the early death of his son, Max, came to a head just before the first Soviet Writers Congress, in August 1934. On 11 August, he submitted an article for publication in Pravda which attacked the deputy head of the press department, Pavel Yudin with such intemperate language that Stalin's deputy, Lazar Kaganovich ordered its suppression, but was forced to relent after hundreds of copies of the article circulated by hand. Gorky's draft of the keynote speech he was due to give at the congress caused such consternation when he submitted it to the Politburo that four of its leading members – Kaganovich, Vyacheslav Molotov, Kliment Voroshilov, and Andrei Zhdanov – were sent to persuade him to make changes.[37] Even in its toned-down version – very unusually for the Stalin era – he did not praise Stalin, did not mention any of the approved writers turning out 'socialist realist' novels, but singled out Fyodor Dostoevsky for "having painted with the most vivid perfection of word portraiture a type of egocentrist, a type of social degenerate in the person of the hero of his Memoirs from Underground. ... Dostoyevsky in the figure of his hero has shown the depths of whining despair that are reached by the individualist from among the young men of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries who are cut off from real life."[38]
Death
With the increase of Stalinist repression and especially after the assassination of Sergei Kirov in December 1934, Gorky was placed under unannounced house arrest in his house near Moscow. His long-serving secretary Pyotr Kryuchkov had been recruited by Yagoda as a paid informer.[39] Before his death from a lingering illness in June 1936, he was visited at home by Stalin, Yagoda, and other leading communists, and by Moura Budberg, who had chosen not to return to the USSR with him but was permitted to stay for his funeral.
The sudden death of Gorky's son Maxim Peshkov in May 1934 was followed by the death of Maxim Gorky himself in June 1936 from pneumonia. Speculation has long surrounded the circumstances of his death. Stalin and Molotov were among those who carried Gorky's coffin during the funeral. During the Bukharin trial in 1938 (one of the three Moscow Trials), one of the charges was that Gorky was killed by Yagoda's NKVD agents.[40]
In Soviet times, before and after his death, the complexities in Gorky's life and outlook were reduced to an iconic image (echoed in heroic pictures and statues dotting the countryside): Gorky as a great Soviet writer who emerged from the common people, a loyal friend of the Bolsheviks, and the founder of the increasingly canonical "socialist realism".
Depictions and adaptations
The Gorky Trilogy is a series of three films based on the three autobiographical books: The Childhood of Maxim Gorky, My Apprenticeship, and My Universities, directed by Mark Donskoy, filmed in the Soviet Union, released 1938–1940. The trilogy was adapted from Gorky's autobiography.[41]
The German modernist Bertolt Brecht based his epic play The Mother (1932) on Gorky's novel of the same name.
Gorky's novel was also adapted for an opera by Valery Zhelobinsky in 1938. In 1912, the Italian composer Giacomo Orefice based his opera Radda on the character of Radda from Makar Chudra. Our Father is the title given to Gorky's The Last Ones in its English translation by William Stancil.
The play[clarification needed] made its New York debut in 1975 at the Manhattan Theater Club, directed by Keith Fowler.
In 1985 Enemies was performed in London with a multi-national cast directed by Ann Pennington in association with Internationalist Theatre. The cast included South African Greek actress Angelique Rockas and Bulgarian Madlena Nedeva playing the parts of Tatiana, and Kleopatra respectively.[42] Tom Vaughan of The Morning Star affirmed "this is a great revolutionary play, by a great revolutionary writer, performed with elegance and style, great passion and commitment".[43] BBC Russian Service was no less complimentary.[44]
Selected works
Main article: Maxim Gorky bibliography
Source: Turner, Lily; Strever, Mark (1946). Orphan Paul; A Bibliography and Chronology of Maxim Gorky. New York: Boni and Gaer. pp. 261–270.
Novels
Goremyka Pavel, 1894. Published in English as Orphan Paul[45]
Foma Gordeyev (Фома Гордеев), 1899. Also translated as The Man Who Was Afraid
Three of Them (Трое), 1900. Also translated as Three Men
The Mother (Мать), 1907. First published in English, in 1906
The Life of a Useless Man (Жизнь ненужного человека), 1908
A Confession (Исповедь), 1908
Okurov City (Городок Окуров), 1908
The Life of Matvei Kozhemyakin (Жизнь Матвея Кожемякина), 1910
The Artamonov Business (Дело Артамоновых), 1927
Life of Klim Samgin (Жизнь Клима Самгина), unfinished:[46]
The Bystander, 1927
The Magnet, 1928
Other Fires, 1930
The Specter, 1936
Novellas
The Orlovs (Супруги Орловы), 1897
Creatures That Once Were Men (Бывшие люди), 1897
Varenka Olesova (Варенька Олесова), 1898
Summer (Лето), 1909
Great Love (Большая любовь), 1911
Short stories
"Makar Chudra" (Макар Чудра), 1892
"Old Izergil" (Старуха Изергиль), 1895
"Chelkash" (Челкаш), 1895
"Konovalov" (Коновалов), 1897
"Malva" (Мальва), 1897
"Twenty-six Men and a Girl" (Двадцать шесть и одна), 1899
"Song of a Falcon" (Песня о Соколе), 1902. Also referred to as a poem in prose
Drama
The Philistines (Мещане), translated also as The Smug Citizens and The Petty Bourgeois (Мещане), 1901
The Lower Depths (На дне), 1902
Summerfolk (Дачники), 1904
Children of the Sun (Дети солнца), 1905
Barbarians (Варвары), 1905
Enemies, 1906.
The Last Ones (Последние), 1908. Translated also as Our Father[47]
Children (Дети), 1910. Translated also as The Reception (and called originally "Встреча")
Queer People (Чудаки), 1910. Translated also as Eccentrics
Vassa Zheleznova (Васса Железнова), 1910, 1935 (revised version)
The Zykovs (Зыковы), 1913
Counterfeit Money (Фальшивая монета), 1913
The Old Man (Старик), 1915, Revised 1922, 1924. Translated also as The Judge
Workaholic Slovotekov (Работяга Словотеков), 1920
Somov and Others (Cомов и другие), 1930
Yegor Bulychov and Others (Егор Булычов и другие), 1932
Dostigayev and Others (Достигаев и другие), 1933
Non-fiction
Chaliapin, articles in Letopis, 1917[48]
Untimely Thoughts, articles, 1918
My Recollections of Tolstoy, 1919
Reminiscences of Tolstoy, Chekhov, and Andreyev, 1920–1928
V.I. Lenin (В.И. Ленин), reminiscence, 1924–1931
The I.V. Stalin White Sea – Baltic Sea Canal, 1934 (editor-in-chief)
Literary Portraits [c.1935].[49]
Poems
"The Song of the Stormy Petrel" (Песня о Буревестнике), 1901
Autobiography
My Childhood (Детство), Part I, 1913–1914
In the World (В людях), Part II, 1916
My Universities (Мои университеты), Part III, 1923
Collections
Sketches and Stories, three volumes, 1898–1899
Creatures That Once Were Men, stories in English translation (1905). This contained an introduction by G. K. Chesterton[50] The Russian title, Бывшие люди (literally "Former people") gained popularity as an expression in reference to people who severely dropped in their social status
Tales of Italy (Сказки об Италии), 1911–1913
Through Russia (По Руси), 1923
Each of the new Panthers has its own unique "reason" branding on the rear, 53633 is #7 student bus travel.
Unique handmade wolf handpuppet from recycled materials with adaptable accesories like headscarf and belly
The Round House, with its unique appearance and equally fascinating history, was first used as a shooting lodge and then a gamekeeper’s cottage. Approached via a winding, tree-lined track; the cottage is situated in an enchanting woodland glade not far from the Fairy Lake, and is surrounded by bird song and grazing wild deer. Recently restored to its original appearance using archived information, this deceptively spacious house now offers the luxury of modern living.
It had long been our ambition to convert the basement of the Rotunda back to its condition in 1910. Ickworth Lives, a project funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund and your donations, is doing just that. Opened on 2nd March 2012, we invite you to discover the real lives of those who lived and worked in this party house in the 1930s.
The exterior of the Earl-Bishop’s Rotunda was virtually finished when he died in 1803, but the interior was still an empty shell, and the curving corridors and wings only a few feet above ground. It was left to the Earl-Bishop’s son, the future 1st Marquess of Bristol, to make what use he could of his father’s extraordinary plan. Having no need for massive galleries, in 1821 he instructed his architect, John Field, to redesign the East Wing as family living-quarters.
Field fitted out the ground floor of the Rotunda as state rooms in an austere Regency style. The West Wing was added purely for symmetry and so was left empty. The Trust is pleased to announce the go-ahead of a package for a project to develop the West Wing to provide new facilities for visitor reception, information, education, shop, restaurant, functions, conferences and events.
As the family lived mostly in the East Wing, the rooms that visitors see in the Rotunda spent much of the year under dust sheets, coming into their own mainly for parties and other special occasions. But as a result, their superb furnishings and decoration have survived in excellent condition and little changed since the heyday of the house in the Edwardian era.
The house, with much of its collections of family portraits, Huguenot silver, Regency furniture and china, and part of the ancient deer-park, passed to the National Trust in 1956.
The East Wing has been transformed into a four star hotel by the hotel company Luxury Family Hotels who lease the East Wing. Until 1997 the East Wing was home to the late 7th Marquis of Bristol who had leased the property from the National Trust.
The hotel has 35 luxury rooms - 11 in the Dower House a separate property situated on the north-west of the estate (opened in autumn 2002) - the hotel complex has three restaurants, a 50ft indoor pool, horse riding facilities and a tennis court.
Ickworth’s 18th-century parkland and gardens include some of the most stunning countryside to be found in East Anglia.
The Park
The extensive 1,800 acres of wooded parkland, created in part by 'Capability' Brown, is a living landscape rich in plant, animal, and bird life. Some parts cultivated and grazed yet much can be explored and enjoyed. Some waymarked field margins may also be walked. Access has been made possible through funding by the Forestry Commission’s Countryside Access scheme.
The Gardens
The gardens surrounding the house were created in the first half of the 19th century by the First Marquess of Bristol. Those in the formal Italian style to the south of the house feature the Gold and Silver Gardens, a Victorian Stumpery and the Temple Rose Garden. A raised terrace walk separates the south garden from the park.
Beyond the church are the remnants of an 18th-century garden created by the First Earl. His summerhouse (circa.1703) and ornamental canal still survive. The kitchen garden, protected by high brick walls, is now a vineyard producing Ickworth wines (available in the National Trust shop).
Proclamation Jewelry offers provocative, unique mens rings!
Our exclusive designs are pushing the envelope in mens fashion rings. All of our jewelry is handcrafted right here in the USA. Our sterling silver rings are offered with the option of adding solid 18 karat gold and white or black diamonds. Check out our newest collections, including our scorpion, lion and skull rings for guys.
What can I say, except for another WOW! Right out of mystery pack comes machine gunner in full camo suit (hard to tell what it was, could be DOT44), but it's apparently printed on top of DAK officer (w/short sleeves), which was in white. Plus, details of belt and some other suggest this wasn't a standard print, too, but some sort of trial of new design. All I've added was helm, weapons, and white scarf. Unique misprinted white face was found among other heads in packs.
A unique and seldom seen view of the last of the three sisters. I got up at the crack of dawn determined to find a way out here. I always wondered what the perspective would be like looking this way. The forecast was for a cloudy morning and it turned out to be correct. I wasted about an hour trying to get here through a few boggy fields near Ferriters cove but I realised I was getting nowhere. I turned back and headed towards Beal Bán and it finally looked like I was getting closer. I parked up by a farmhouse and walked for about 20 minutes until I came to a gate that said private property no trespassing no hillwalkers. I thought great all this effort for nothing. I was just about to head off when I noticed a field next to it with no sign . Off I went again up through more fields until I came here. What a sight greeted me The lack of light was more than compensated by the sheer size of the cliffs the atmosphere and the stunning views. There was a sheer drop below me that sent a shiver down my spine but I was still exhilarated and amazed. Hunderds of metres below me I watched in awe and delight as Gannets soared and swooped effortlessly amongst the vast cliffs. Beyond was Beenaman and the Brandon mountains while behind me I had great views of the other sisters, Sybil Head, Blasket Islands and Dunmore Head. The coastline in Dingle must be amongst the most spectacular in all the world, almost looks like it has been carved by a master sculptor. This point supposedly got its name after Diarmuid and Grainne slept here after being pursued by the Fianna.
To see the credits please go to my info,there you will find my blog
UNIQUE Poses - Shades of Love I -
Unique Metroline Short Wright New Bus for London LTZ 1812 (ST812) passing through central London operating service 390 (Archway - Victoria), 01/09/24
A team of animal health experts from San Diego Zoo Global recently spent time in Kenya working with the Reteti Elephant Sanctuary in the Namunyak community to enhance the medical care and animal husbandry capabilities of this facility. The elephant orphanage was recently founded in the area to care for young elephants brought to the conservancy for supportive care and rehabilitation.
Details: zoonooz.sandiegozoo.org/2017/11/21/unique-partnership-to-...
Residents select their homes, add decor/personal items and Landscaper Natalie adds her magic. Photo Credit: Gabriella Noelle Galtier
Neon vertical sign on Unique Theater, now a 99 cent store. The theater building is terribly old, but the vertical sign and marquee look like later additions and maybe reveal the hand of Skouras.
Timbers Kauai Ocean Club & Residences, 3770 Ala’oli Way, Lihue, HI 96766
In 1879 William Hyde Rice bought a large section of Kalapaki Bay from Princess Ruth Keelikolani for $3,000. Princess Ruth was a member of the Kamehameha family, the founding dynasty of the Kingdom of Hawaii. William Rice started Lihue Ranch to breed cattle and fine horses and erected a beach house overlooking the bay. In 1899, Rice's son, Charles Rice and his wife Grace made Kalapaki their residence. On April 1, 1946, Rice's second wife, Mrs. Patricia Rice, was home at Kalapaki with her infant son when a series of 30 to 40 foot tall tidal waves completely destroyed the Rice's 19-room house. Miraculously, the pair survived. The ranch really was huge – more than 5,000 acres. Today it is still a working cattle ranch and dairy – just as it was when Rice ran it – but it’s been whittled down to about 3,000 acres.
In June 1959 Walter D. Child Sr., board chairman of Inter-Island Resorts, paid $800,000 for 23 acres from Charles A. Rice at Kauai's Kalapaki Bay near Nawiliwili - to build a destination resort. The $3 million Kauai Surf opened in 1960 as a 10-story, 104 room hotel. It was the tallest building on Kauai and the first with an elevator - which in itself became a local attraction. The architect was Frank S. Robert of the firm Vierra and Robert, Honolulu. M.A. Bradbury was the opening General Manager and Lee Siebenthaler was the executive chef. Sebenthaler opened the Mauna Kea Beach Hotel as the Buffet Manager. In 1965 the hotel opened the glass-encased Golden Cape restaurant on the roof of the 10-story main hotel building. At a cost of $500,000 the Golden Cape was considered as the first and finest luxury supper club on Neighbor Islands. Hans Buchi was the maitre d'hotel at opening. Howard Hirsch, a Beverly Hills interior designer, said the decor expressed the Hawaiian monarchy from the 1890's. The Golden Cape was named for the feathered capes of early Hawaiian royalty.
In 1965 Inter-Island Resorts traded 15 acres in downtown Lihue where the Kauai Inn formerly stood for 62 acres of land adjoining the hotel that was owned by the Lihue Plantation Company (Amfac). Inter-Island hired Willard G. Wilkinson to design a nine-hole 3,350 yard golf course. Wilkinson also designed Mid-Pacific and the Pali Municipal on Oahu. Kauai Surf had an 88% occupancy in 1964 according to Glenn Lovejoy the general manager. Lovejoy served as general manager for 11 years before being appointed vice president of InterIsland in 1973.
Hurricane Iwa struck Kauai in 1982 causing severe damage to the Kauai Surf. Opened in 1960 the Kauai Surf heralded the development of luxury resorts on Hawaii's outer islands. InterIsland Resorts built the Kauai Surf, Kona Surf and the Maui Surf for guests demanding the finest in service and accommodations. In 1986 Hemmeter Investment bought the Maui Surf and the Kauai Surf from Interisland Resorts for $94 million (appraised value was $121 million) with plans to remake both hotels into world class resort complexes. Hemmeter was a top graduate of Cornell University’s School of Hotel Administration had accepted a job at Sheraton’s Royal Hawaiian Hotel as a management trainee in 1962. The sale to Hemmeter would put 500 employees out of work for up to 14 months - the time needed for the renovations. Hemmeter demolished all existing restaurants and would build six new ones. Also planned was six new tennis courts and a tennis stadium.
Chris Hemmeter's Westin Kauai at Kauai Lagoons is a redo and expansion of the Kauai Surf, which was damaged by a Hurricane Iwa in November 1982. Hemmeter's financial partner for the re-do and expansion was VMS Realty Partners which spent $350 million on the first phase of the project. In 1988 Hemmeter ranked 389th on the Forbes Wealthiest American list. The architect was Lawton Umemura & Yamamoto of Honolulu. Many disliked the 3-story escalator from the porte cachier to the registration lobby and the fact the hotel was higher than a palm tree. Hemmeter plowed under Kauai Surf's original 18-hole layout and built two new golf courses. Surrounding the resort was a mile of lagoons which handled 90 - 4 passenger outrigger canoes and five 40-passenger mahogany taxi boats. The resort had 107 draft houses pulling carriages through part of the 580 acre development which included the opening of the Jack Nicklause - designed 36 hole golf courses which opened in Feb 1988.
In January 1991 Mitsuo Kokufu owner of Shinwa Golf Group paid $200 million to the Hemmeter group for the Kauai Lagoons - 775 acres and 36 holes of golf - which Shinwa seeked permission to build a third golf course, retail centers and an additional hotel. The acquisition did not include the existing 850 room Westin Kauai Hotel.
Hurricane Iniki struck the island of Kauai on September 11, 1992 with Category 4 winds of 145 mph. It was the first hurricane to hit the state since Hurricane Iwa in the 1982, and the first major hurricane since Hurricane Dot in 1959. Kauai's largest hotel, The Westin Kauai, suffered blownout windows, flooding and considerable landscaping damage. Preliminary damage estimates was in the ''tens of millions'' needed to rebuild. By April 1993 lender Bank America Corp seized the Westin resort from the owners, developer Chris Hemmeter and VMS Realty Corp. The Hemmeter group was behind on payment for loans totaling $183 million. Hemmeter filed personal bankruptcy in 1997. When the Westin, after Hurricane 'Iniki in 1992, was repossessed by the bank, Hemmeter claimed he had already made millions.
Shinwa's grand vision plans were ruined in 1992 by devastating Hurricane Iniki, which caused the Westin hotel to close. The hotel re-opened in 1995 after it was bought by Marriott International and converted the hotel to a Marriott Hotel and time share sales. Marriott would convert 400 of the hotel's rooms into 220 time share units. Shinwa sold its Hawaii assets to help reduce a $600 million debt. Canada based GolfBC acquired Shinwa's Kauai property in 2003 and partnered with Honolulu developer Kevin Showe (Kauai Development LLC ) to develop the property.
New plans expanded the groundwork laid by Hemmeter in the 1980s by adding approximately 750 vacation homes to the already running Kauai Marriott Resort & Beach Club. The project would include a restaurant with golf and ocean views, a marina, and a spa and fitness center totaling more than 12,000 square feet. All development would highlight the resort's 38-acre, man-made lagoon, which guests would be able to use to taxi between resort locations, Showe said. The former restaurant - Inn on the Cliffs - would become a 12- unit condo and the former retail center, Fashion Landing would become a spa and fitness center. "There is no other resort in Hawaii that has a navigable waterway -- and because of the prohibitive cost, it couldn't be created today," said Showe. Kauai Lagoons' residential properties, The Ritz Carlton Club at Kauai Lagoons, was expected to break ground in 2006. Sales for the first phase of Ritz-Carlton Residences would begin in early 2007 with prices for two-, three- and four-bedroom private homes expected to start at $4.5 million. The presence of the lagoon drew Ritz-Carlton to Kauai, said Richard Culkin, project director of marketing for the Ritz-Carlton Club at Kauai Lagoons. Marriott and Ritz-Carlton halted construction at its $1.4-billion Kauai Lagoons project in 2008 after completing utilities work and the foundation for three buildings.
In 2014, time share giant Marriott Vacations Worldwide reached a $60 million sales agreement with Honolulu developer Ed Bushor for the long-stalled 450-acre Kauai Lagoons property and golf course. The sale included the partially built Ritz-Carlton Residences. Management of the 27-hole course was given to Billy Casper Golf. The course consists of three nines - the Kiele Mauka, Kiele Moana, and Waikahe. Previously Bushor had developed in 2005 the Wyland Waikiki Hotel and in 2010 he developed the Edition Waikiki with Ian Schrager.
In October 2015 David Burden, CEO and founder of Timbers Resorts, reached an agreement for a $310 million redevelopment of the 450 acre former Kauai Lagoons on behalf of the majority owner Oaktree Capital Management and minority owner Ed Bushor (Tower Investments). Tower Investments originally sourced the deal and will remain an investor. Finally after many starts and stops, construction would commence in December 2015 on phase one, the Timbers Kauai Ocean Club & Residences, using the framework initially planned by Ritz-Carlton. The 47 residences will range from two to four bedrooms and will include townhomes and condos ranging from 1,600 square feet to 3,600 square feet with 1,100-square-foot lanais. 48 residences will have golf course and ocean views. The existing golf course will be renamed to the 'Ocean Course' (formerly Kiele) and is planned to kick off in 2016. The 47 luxury residences opened in 2018 within three buildings are offered as wholly owned or fractional interests. The fractional interests are fee simple, deeded real estate.
David Burden founded Timbers Resorts in 1998 with a goal of developing high-end resorts in unique locations, aiming to provide the best in accommodation, amenities, location and value. By providing the services and amenities of a five-star hotel and a hassle-free whole and fractional ownership program Timbers Resorts has created one of the most luxurious second-home ownership opportunity around which includes access to the Timbers Reciprocity Program and the ability to trade vacation time with other destinations in the Timbers' portfolio. Current Timbers Collection properties can be found in Aspen, Beaver Creek, Cabo San Lucas, Jupiter, Kaua'i, Kiawah Island, Maui, Napa, Scottsdale, Snowmass, Sonoma, Southern California, Steamboat, Tuscany and Vail.
Due to its proximity to the cliff-sides, Timbers Kaua’i has been deemed the “last-of-its-kind” as construction regulations require new properties be at least 500 feet away from escarpments. “Timbers Kaua’i was grandfathered in due to the timing of its approval process. Therefore, the residences are the last property to be built on the island with closer than close proximity to the ocean.
Girvin Associates provided the master plan and landscaping for the resort, Poss Architecture + Planning in Aspen, CO was the architect and Wilson Associates provided the interior design for the public spaces and accommodations. Gary Moore, a 20 year veteran with Timbers, is the managing director at Timbers Resort Kauai. Eric Cucchi is the general manager.
Hokuala’s Jack Nicklaus Ocean Course (named Hawaii’s Best Golf Course) features the longest stretch of oceanfront holes in Hawaii. The 5th and 6th holes require forced carries over a gorge of mango and papaya trees. The back nine has a completely different feel with the Pacific Ocean and trade winds becoming a factor. Hole 14 is a dynamic par 3 that plays from a blufftop tee to a blufftop green, with shots missed left standing a good chance of landing in the Pacific. The hole is ringed by swaying coconut trees, with ocean and mountain views. Number 15 is a new hole along the same bluff, playing to a green in the shadow of the recently opened Timbers Kaua‘i Ocean Club & Residences, where some of the newest and most coveted real estate on the island is located. Then there’s No. 16, you fire your tee ball toward the crest of a blind fairway that careens downhill to a putting surface next to a picturesque lighthouse. It plays less than 285 yards from the resort tees, and with the downhill run you stand a chance of getting close. But birdie, par, or “other,” the picturesque beauty of this hole overlooking Nawiliwili Harbor will outweigh your extra strokes.
Photos and text compiled by Dick Johnson, December 2019.
This gorgeous couture capelet was created entirely by hand. It was made with the traditional nuno felting technique .Felted from natural superfine 18,5 mic hand-painted merino wool and natural silk.
This is a great accessory for autumn and spring time.The garment is very light, soft and warm.
Stylish, elegant and definitely well noticed.
Details-
Material – Hand-painted 18,5 mic. Merino wool
Embellishment - 100% natural Silk
Color way - from Burnt Orange- Medium Rusty Brown- Mustard Green - Turquoise
Measurement -
Approx. Length is 13" or 33 cm, shoulder length is 5" or 12cm ( Size S )
The Docklands Christmas Market 2010 is a unique celebration of yuletide cheer with a magical German twist
The Christmas markets of Germany are famous for evoking an unparalleled magical festive feeling. This year that authentic Germanic magic is coming to the IFSC in Dublin's Docklands at the Docklands Christmas Market, running from December 3rd to December 22nd. Now in its fifth year, the Docklands Christmas Market is being brought to Dublin by German events company, Go GmbH and will now extend to 20 days, featuring some of Germany's most experienced Christmas marketers.
The Docklands Christmas Market will be filled with brightly decorated wooden huts and chalets selling an array of unique Christmas gifts, including beautiful Christmas decorations, hand made arts and crafts, and other unusual stocking fillers. The Docklands will play host to almost one hundred German traders as well as plenty of home grown Irish stalls and an exciting mix of African traders.
There is of course, more to this festive event than shopping. Spilling over with all the traditional trimmings usually only found in the Winter markets of Munich, Berlin and Hamburg, visitors can enjoy the fresh aroma of roasted nuts and raisins, and the delicious scent of lit beeswax candles. Warm your insides with a glass of steaming Gluhein wine and take in the brilliant hues of the German candy stalls. In the evening, the market is softly lit with hundreds of Christmas lights and shoppers are entertained by story tellers, carol singers and bands playing seasonal tunes, all under the watchful eye of Santa while he offers rides on a slow turning carousel, thought to be as old as himself.
Almere Nobelhorst - a unique settlement in the polder with space for initiatives.
Size: 4500 dwellings.
The multi nuclear city of Almere is unique in Holland. The very recent history of this city designed in new reclaimed land has lead to may experimental housing projects. Nobelhorst is the latest expansion of 4500 dwellings build in an existing forest. Contrary to all the other settlements in Almere Nobelhorst is not completely planned form start to finish. The aim is to provide a place where local initiatives for housing and working projects can thrive. Anyone who wants to start a business or build a house can buy a plot of land. in order for this to work a flexibly master plan has been designed. Main roads and infrastructure have been lay-out but the housing plan is made together with the initiatives.
Funny to see the planet divided by only one meridian.
My sister @ the Prime Meridian (Greenwich)
Stereographic projection on a handheld panorama.
Unique in the East Kent fleet is this 'slimline' Optare Solo, sent here specifically for Kent County Council contract route 68, a local service in Dover which has narrow roads and problems with poor car parking.
East Kent has plenty of other 'normal' Solos though, which do appear on the route when this is not available.
Sadly the destination blind did not come out in the photo.
MacSimski is restoring his recently acquired Eminent 310 electric organ/syntesizer, which has seen better days.
Pva glue can be mixed with poster colour but must be rinsed out gently when the style isn't wanted anymore!
an unique and huge stones erected in the middle of living area of villa massilia, seminyak, bali. rsv: www.bnrv.com
2010 BMW 1,200cc "R1232"
Vendue 48 300 €
Cette unique moto proposée ici est une création de Jean-Luc Dupont et de son équipe chez Panda Moto 89 à Villneuve-sur-Yonne, distributeur réputé pour ses customs sur base BMW. Inspirée par la toure première moto BMW la R32 de 1923 elle utilise un cadre sur mesures et un moteur R1200 GS moderne. « Harley-Davidson a bâti son succès sur des motos qui réinterprètent des modèles du passé.
Contemplating the beauty of uniqueness. Even the utmost ugly, werid person is composed of the very same basic elements, only in different combinations. Expressing evolution or God's beauty of simplicity governing the foundation of life giving enough variety for each kind's abundance.