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Fun facts (and legends) about Charles Bridge in Prague, Czech Republic:

 

1. It's 516 meters (1,693 feet) long, and about 10 meters (33 feet) wide.

 

2. It was built to connect the castle to the Old Town.

 

3. There are three towers on the bridge: two on the castle side, one on the Old Town side. (I think you can go up one, maybe more, for slightly better panoramic views.)

 

4. Its construction has a very specific start time: 5:31 a.m. on the 9 July 1357. (Written another way: 1357.9.7.5:31.) So, it's a palindromic bridge. Supposedly stronger because of it. It was completed 45 years later in 1402.

 

5. The first stone was laid at the above minute by the Holy Roman Emperor Charles, for whom the bridge is named.

 

6. It didn't get the name "Charles Bridge" until 1870.

It originally had the more creative names of Stone Bridge or Prague Bridge. The river it spans, by the way, is the Vitava.

 

7. Prague is famous for being the filming locations of a handful of Hollywood movies (Amadeus, Immortal Beloved, Mission Impossible...and the pinnacle of Hollywood production, XXX -- the first one. For those of you who have deigned to sit through that gem, you'll know the setting was Prague. The final scene (well...penultimate) is of Vin Diesel sitting on these little wooden thingies next to the bridge. You're welcome for the memory, everyone...

 

8. There are 16 arches shielded by ice guards. (I think that's what the little wooden thingies are.)

 

9. There are 30 statues or statuaries on the bridge -- 15 on each side -- mostly of religious folk, saints and the like -- that were originally erected around 1700. How many of these are original? Zip. Zero. Nada. All replicas, with the originals in the National Museum, it seems.

 

10. This bridge/river/area is famous for swans. Why they're here and why they stay, I have no idea. But, they're nice. I saw them, but from a distance.

 

Now for my personal notes...

 

I've been on a severely sprained ankle the past few days, so haven't done much shooting in Prague, I'm sad to say. But, this bridge? I imagine it's easily the most photogenic (especially for panoramas) in the city. Looking at these pictures, I'm crying for the loss of my DSLRs and P&S cameras earlier this year. These turned out...ok, and a few slightly better than ok.

 

The problem with this is that every tourist (and all tourist companies) know this. Whatever you do, do NOT come between...I don't know...11:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. or afternoon at all unless you love seeing throngs of people photobombing your shots. Come at sunrise or sundown. Sundown would give the best backlighting and blue hour shots of Old Town, and sunrise would give you the misty/foggy shots of the river and Old Town.

 

If I lived in Prague, this is exactly the place I'd come, probably once a week or every other week, to shoot in different times and seasons. It's that nice of a spot. Of course, I'd do that if I had my cameras back...

Design Thinking uses concepts as creative leverage by first highlighting specific examples that are classified before we put them through a process of abstraction (by becoming aware of their similarities) that results in a concept, which in turn allows us to recognize new examples that are in the same class.

Patriots’ Day brought to life all that the fifth-grade students have learned about the American Revolution. Students took part in gender-specific classes as one would have done in the 1800’s. In period-specific costumes and persona, the boys experienced militia training and learned Latin. The girls experienced refinement training that included lessons in conversation and sewing and even had a period-proper tea. The training was under the direction of a trained school master and lady of genteel. The students sampled period-specific snacks and participated in 19th century dancing and crafts such as knot tying, candle making, copper making and corn husk dolls. The crescendo to this day-long event was playing a role in the reenactment of a revolutionary wartime reception.

Ambling out of Jaisalmer train station in late morning, we were immediately accosted by the throngs of drivers – mostly working for specific hotels – who were trying to pick us up. Since I’d booked a room at the Roop Mahal, this wasn’t an issue. It took a minute to find the guy, but he was there to drive us the whole 1-2 km to the hotel, which was at the base of the fort on the west side.

 

The biggest reason to come to Jaisalmer, the Golden City (since most places are primarily built of sandstone) is to see the fort, which is on a bit of a hill overlooking an otherwise flat desert. As it’s in the desert, the temperatures in the day, even in late September, were close to 40 degrees Celsius (a little over 100F).

 

According to Lonely Planet India, the fort was built in 1156 by the Rajput ruler Jaisal and reinforced by subsequent rulers. It “was the focus of a number of battles between the Bhatis, the Mughals of Delhi and the Rathores of Jodhpur.”

 

Nowadays, it’s a living fort. Jaisalmer Fort has plenty of residents, restaurants, souvenir stands, havelis (old-style housing with ornate architecture: carved stone doorways, lattice screens, balconies, and turrets). The havelis are often hotels now, and almost every hotel here has a rooftop restaurant to enjoy the surrounding view. Our hotel, the Roop Mahal, also had a rooftop restaurant where I ate a few times. The food was…not great, but certainly not bad.

 

In addition to the havelis, there are also quite a few temples. Specifically, there are seven Jain temples (that you can tour for 150 rupees/15 RMB/$2.50USD). These temples were visually quite attractive inside – some more than others – and also had plenty of worshippers coming in and out. I was impressed by the intricacy of the details and sandstone carving, the intimacy of the art, and the way natural light was used in the temples. I don’t believe tripods were allowed inside the temple, which made a lot of shooting quite difficult, but not impossible. The only other rule is that you have to take your shoes off outside and pay someone (usually about 100 rupee) to “watch” your shoes.

 

After having a meal in the fort (and, excitedly, finding a spice shop where I bought the first of many Indian spices to bring back to China with me), my travel partner arranged for us to go out to the desert and ride camels. (The hotelier also offered something similar, but was a bit expensive.)

 

Later in the day, around 5:00, if I recall correctly, a guy came to pick us up at the hotel in a jeep and four of us – me, my travel partner, and two Israeli women – started our drive out to Sam, about 50 km west of Jaisalmer (and less than 100 km – maybe less than 50 – from the Pakistani border to the west).

 

En route, we had to make a few required stops (per our drivers). The first place was so forgettable that I can’t even recall the name of it or what it was. The second place was just to see a small village (really, two buildings) and a whole lot of kids running up to you begging for money in exchange for pictures.

 

After that, we finally made it out to the desert, where we rode camels for about half an hour and then stopped at a rather random place where we were eventually given a home-cooked Indian meal, vegetarian, that consisted of dal, naan, and a few curries. It was delicious, and had to be eaten completely in Indian style (no utensils of any kind).

 

While watching the sunset and the subsequent moonrise, we eventually bade our Israeli friends farewell (as they were spending the night in the desert) and headed back to town. Along the way, I caught a glimpse of a late night cricket match, and it was the only time during this trip I’d see that. When we got back to the hotel, we just needed to wait there for an hour or two before they were kind enough to drive us to the train station around 11:00 p.m. so we could catch our midnight train to Jodhpur…the Blue City.

site-specific gecomponeerde totaalcollage

site-specific composed total collage

 

Nest heeft Wineke Gartz gevraagd een presentatie te maken binnen de Nestarchyserie die de afgelopen jaren is ontstaan en waarbinnen kunstenaars de complete tentoonstellingsruimte van Nest ter beschikking krijgen om mee aan de slag te gaan. Sinds Wineke Gartz in 1998 afstudeerde aan de Rijksakademie heeft ze een consistente carrière opgebouwd met installaties vol overlappende beelden, architectonische ingrepen, materialen en projecties.

 

Wineke Gartz heeft voor de kust van Scheveningen videomateriaal geschoten. Dat materiaal zal vermengd worden met materiaal van de kust van China waar ze enige tijd verbleef, en met filmfoto’s van Hollywoodsterren (de HotFreaks uit de titel), daklozen, bezinningscursussen, zelfportretten en performances uit Los Angeles. Het valt te verwachten dat het geheel een grote bewegende collage zal worden waarin alle oorspronkelijke ingrediënten hun oorsprong grotendeels verliezen en verworden tot een typische Wineke Gartz hallucinatie die de bezoeker een totaalervaring biedt en kan leiden tot een staat van trance. Tegelijkertijd worden esoterische clichés vermeden en doet het hedendaagse dagelijks leven volop mee.

 

Wineke Gartz exhibits in the Netherlands and in various countries worldwide. Her site-specific installations consist of complex overlays of imagery and media, often with the use of music and multiple video and slides projections and with the integral use of the architectural space. Her parallel realities include mixing the ordinary with the heroic, creating an almost hallucinatory experience. Her subjects relate to psychology, beauty, death, illusions and perception, nature versus urban life, art and mass media. Gartz is interested in the combination of spirituality, art and science. Currently she is developing video lectures about her work and started to collaborate with musicians.

Ambling out of Jaisalmer train station in late morning, we were immediately accosted by the throngs of drivers – mostly working for specific hotels – who were trying to pick us up. Since I’d booked a room at the Roop Mahal, this wasn’t an issue. It took a minute to find the guy, but he was there to drive us the whole 1-2 km to the hotel, which was at the base of the fort on the west side.

 

The biggest reason to come to Jaisalmer, the Golden City (since most places are primarily built of sandstone) is to see the fort, which is on a bit of a hill overlooking an otherwise flat desert. As it’s in the desert, the temperatures in the day, even in late September, were close to 40 degrees Celsius (a little over 100F).

 

According to Lonely Planet India, the fort was built in 1156 by the Rajput ruler Jaisal and reinforced by subsequent rulers. It “was the focus of a number of battles between the Bhatis, the Mughals of Delhi and the Rathores of Jodhpur.”

 

Nowadays, it’s a living fort. Jaisalmer Fort has plenty of residents, restaurants, souvenir stands, havelis (old-style housing with ornate architecture: carved stone doorways, lattice screens, balconies, and turrets). The havelis are often hotels now, and almost every hotel here has a rooftop restaurant to enjoy the surrounding view. Our hotel, the Roop Mahal, also had a rooftop restaurant where I ate a few times. The food was…not great, but certainly not bad.

 

In addition to the havelis, there are also quite a few temples. Specifically, there are seven Jain temples (that you can tour for 150 rupees/15 RMB/$2.50USD). These temples were visually quite attractive inside – some more than others – and also had plenty of worshippers coming in and out. I was impressed by the intricacy of the details and sandstone carving, the intimacy of the art, and the way natural light was used in the temples. I don’t believe tripods were allowed inside the temple, which made a lot of shooting quite difficult, but not impossible. The only other rule is that you have to take your shoes off outside and pay someone (usually about 100 rupee) to “watch” your shoes.

 

After having a meal in the fort (and, excitedly, finding a spice shop where I bought the first of many Indian spices to bring back to China with me), my travel partner arranged for us to go out to the desert and ride camels. (The hotelier also offered something similar, but was a bit expensive.)

 

Later in the day, around 5:00, if I recall correctly, a guy came to pick us up at the hotel in a jeep and four of us – me, my travel partner, and two Israeli women – started our drive out to Sam, about 50 km west of Jaisalmer (and less than 100 km – maybe less than 50 – from the Pakistani border to the west).

 

En route, we had to make a few required stops (per our drivers). The first place was so forgettable that I can’t even recall the name of it or what it was. The second place was just to see a small village (really, two buildings) and a whole lot of kids running up to you begging for money in exchange for pictures.

 

After that, we finally made it out to the desert, where we rode camels for about half an hour and then stopped at a rather random place where we were eventually given a home-cooked Indian meal, vegetarian, that consisted of dal, naan, and a few curries. It was delicious, and had to be eaten completely in Indian style (no utensils of any kind).

 

While watching the sunset and the subsequent moonrise, we eventually bade our Israeli friends farewell (as they were spending the night in the desert) and headed back to town. Along the way, I caught a glimpse of a late night cricket match, and it was the only time during this trip I’d see that. When we got back to the hotel, we just needed to wait there for an hour or two before they were kind enough to drive us to the train station around 11:00 p.m. so we could catch our midnight train to Jodhpur…the Blue City.

ROMA ARCHEOLOGICA & RESTAURO ARCHITETTURA 2023. N. Bernacchio et al., "Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932"; in: I Martedì da Traiano - Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra 1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto (24/01-28/02/2023). Video & foto di: Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024). S.v., Documentazione archivistica storica integrativa sugli scavi e gli studi della collina della Velia anni '30; in: RARA 2023 (07/2009 bis 01/2023). wp.me/pbMWvy-3Jm

 

Foto: ROMA – N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932”; in: I Martedì da Traiano – Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra ‘1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto’ (24/01-28/02/2023). Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52661629811

 

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** Nota: tutte le fotografie in questo post sul blog e il successivo album FLICKR (se non specificato da altre fonti) sono citate dalla fonte originale di: Video = Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 e 31/01/2024). **

 

** Note: All photographs in this blog posting and the subsequent FLICKR album (unless specified from other sources) are cited from the original source of: Video = Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024). **

 

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Foto: ROMA – N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932”; in: I Martedì da Traiano – Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra ‘1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto’ (24/01-28/02/2023). Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52662120668

 

1). ROMA - N. Bernacchio et al., "Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932"; in: I Martedì da Traiano - Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra 1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto (24/01-28/02/2023). Video & foto di: Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

 

Foto: ROMA – N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932”; in: I Martedì da Traiano – Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra ‘1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto’ (24/01-28/02/2023). Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52662120683

 

Buongiorno! Ecco la registrazione della prima videoconferenza dei Martedì da Traiano incentrati sulla mostra in corso.

Nella conferenza che ha aperto il nuovo ciclo dei Martedì da Traiano i curatori ci illustrano il proprio lavoro: il perché della mostra, come è stato definito il percorso allestitivo e come sono stati scelti gli oggetti da esporre, fino alle nuove acquisizioni che le ricerche condotte in questa occasione hanno prodotto, senza dimenticare i molteplici aspetti legati alla comunicazione e alla didattica.

Vi aspettiamo più tardì per il secondo appuntamento!

 

Foto: ROMA – N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932”; in: I Martedì da Traiano – Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra ‘1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto’ (24/01-28/02/2023). Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52662072270

 

Foto: ROMA – N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932”; in: I Martedì da Traiano – Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra ‘1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto’ (24/01-28/02/2023). Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52662072295

 

Fonte / source, Video & foto:

--- Roma, Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

 

www.facebook.com/MercatiTraianoForiImperiali/videos/92823...

 

--- Roma, I Martedì da Traiano / Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra 1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto. Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali (24/01-28/02/2023).

www.mercatiditraiano.it/it/mostra-evento/i-marted-da-trai...

 

Foto: ROMA – N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932”; in: I Martedì da Traiano – Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra ‘1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto’ (24/01-28/02/2023). Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52661629636

 

--- Roma - 1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto (08/04/2022 - 05/03/2023) - Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali (04/2022 - 03/2023).

 

Una selezione di circa 100 opere, tra reperti archeologici, progetti grafici, oggetti d’arte e video, alcuni esposti per la prima volta, racconta la storia della perduta Velia e del “suo” elefante. Prorogata al 5 marzo 2023.

 

Foto: ROMA – N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932”; in: I Martedì da Traiano – Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra ‘1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto’ (24/01-28/02/2023). Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52662120923

 

A 90 anni dalla scoperta, sono stati restaurati i resti fossili di elefante (Elephas antiquus) trovati alla base della collina Velia. L’intervento ha costituito l’occasione per proporre un insieme di opere, che gettano luce su un settore dell’area archeologica centrale interessato negli anni Trenta del Novecento da distruzioni e trasformazioni urbanistiche profonde.

 

Foto: ROMA – N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932”; in: I Martedì da Traiano – Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra ‘1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto’ (24/01-28/02/2023). Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52662120948

 

Un centinaio di queste opere, tra cui reperti archeologici, progetti grafici e opere d’arte, interamente provenienti dalle collezioni capitoline, alcuni dei quali identificati in occasione di recenti ricerche ed esposti al pubblico per la prima volta, compongono questa mostra.

 

Foto: ROMA – N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932”; in: I Martedì da Traiano – Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra ‘1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto’ (24/01-28/02/2023). Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52661915789

 

Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali (04/2022 - 03/2023).

www.mercatiditraiano.it/it/mostra-evento/1932-l-elefante-...

 

Foto: ROMA – La presentazione innovativa e creativa della conferenza per i bambini; in: N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932.” Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52661629851

 

1.1). ROMA - La presentazione innovativa e creativa della conferenza per i bambini; in: N. Bernacchio et al., "Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932"; in: I Martedì da Traiano - Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra 1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto (24/01-28/02/2023). Video & foto di: Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

 

Foto: ROMA – La presentazione innovativa e creativa della conferenza per i bambini; in: N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932.” Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52662072540

 

Foto: ROMA – La presentazione innovativa e creativa della conferenza per i bambini; in: N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932.” Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52662072555

 

Foto: ROMA – La presentazione innovativa e creativa della conferenza per i bambini; in: N. Bernacchio et al., “Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932.” Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52661915929

 

2). ROMA - Documentazione archivistica storica integrativa sugli scavi e gli studi della collina della Velia anni '30; per: N. Bernacchio et al., "Lo sbancamento della Velia nel 1932"; in: I Martedì da Traiano - Ciclo di conferenze in occasione della mostra 1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto (24/01-28/02/2023). Video & foto di: Mercati di Traiano Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (24 & 31/01/2024).

 

Foto: ROME – Dr. Claudio Parisi Presicce, the Via Dell’ Impero: Exhibit – “1932, the Prehistoric Elephant and the Lost Velia Hill.” The Markets of Trajan & the Museum of the Imperial Fora in Rome (8 April thru 20 May 2022); in: RARA 2022 (08/04/2022).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/51991110596

 

Foto / PDF = Umberto Croppi et al., “Via dell’impero. Nascita di una strada, demolizioni e scavi: 1930-1936. Scavi archeologici, sterri e demolizioni per l’apertura di via dell’Impero.” Roma: Comune di Roma (22/07/2009): 1-5

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52661129627

 

2.1). ROMA - Umberto Croppi, Umberto Broccoli, Claudio Parisi Presicce & Maria Elisa Tittoni, "Via dell'impero. Nascita di una strada, demolizioni e scavi: 1930-1936. Scavi archeologici, sterri e demolizioni per l’apertura di via dell’Impero. Roma: Comune di Roma (22/07/2009): 1-5 (in PDF) = RARA 2023: Rieditato e rivisto da M. G. Conde (2009 e ancora 2023), Washington DC, USA (31/01/2023)

 

--- PDF = Umberto Croppi et al., Roma: Comune di Roma (22/07/2009): 1-5 wp.me/pbMWvy-3Jm

 

Fonte / source:

--- RARA 2023 / Documentazione archivistica storica (2009/2023).

romaarcheologiaerestauroarchitettura.wordpress.com/

 

Foto: Arch. Italo Gismondi, La Domus di eta imperiale ritrovata (e distrutta) sulla Velia durante gli scavi per realizzione di Via Dell` Impero; in: Giuseppina Pisani Sartorio, Archeologia Viva, No. 6 (1986) (RARA 2022 [Materiali d’archivio] 29/05/2011).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52203119511

 

3). RARA 2023. ROMA - Il Colle Velia e la Via Dell’Impero, Arch. Italo Gismondi, 1931-33: Mostra “1932, l’elefante e il colle perduto.” Museo dei Fori Imperiali / Fb (05/07/2022) & I. Gismondi, in: Giuseppina Pisani Sartorio, Archeologia Viva, No. 6 (1986). wp.me/pbMWvy-2Ta

 

Foto: Antonio Munoz & Italo Gismondi, Così nacque via dell’Impero: “Ipotesi di sistemazione del muro di contenimento di Villa Rivaldi su progetto di Antonio Muñoz (disegno di S. De Angelis). Museo di Roma, MR-42232” [c. 1930?], in: Pier Federico Caliari (2017); in: RARA 2022 (07/04/2022).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/51987489977

 

--- RARA 2023. ROMA - VIA DELL’ IMPERO e “1932, L’ELEFANTE E IL COLLE PERDUTO”; in: Museo di Fori Imperiali (07/04/2022).” ROMATODAY (07/04/2022). S.v., Vedi anche: Roma e l’era pliocenica e i resti di elefante scoperti sul Campidoglio (fine del XIX secolo?), il Foro Romano ([ = una zanna di un ippopotamo] c. 1900-07?), la Velia (1932) e il Foro di Cesare (1941?). Anche: Antonella Aquiloni, Museo Paleontologico Montevarchi (AR) & Fb (30/10/2021) & Dott.ssa Rossella Rea, La Repubblica (10/10/2009): 1 & 27 wp.me/pbMWvy-2Am

 

Foto: Antonella Aquiloni, “Roma – Montevarchi: restauro e ritorno.” Il Museo per restaurare un Elephas antiquus rinvenuto nei Fori Imperiali nel 1932. Museo Paleontologico Montevarchi (AR) & Fb (30/10/2021).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/51659368228

 

--- RARA 2023. ROMA - Antonella Aquiloni, “Roma – Montevarchi: restauro e ritorno.” Il Museo per restaurare un Elephas antiquus rinvenuto nei Fori Imperiali nel 1932. Museo Paleontologico Montevarchi (AR) & Fb (30/10/2021). wp.me/pbMWvy-2aM

 

Foto: Roma – I Fori Imperiali, la Velia duranta ti periodo pliocenico & ‘L` Elephas Antiquus’; in: IL GIORNALE D’ITALIA (06/07/1932): 3 & (24/05/1932): 3

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/51784422691

 

--- RARA 2023. Roma – I Fori Imperiali, la Velia duranta ti periodo pliocenico & ‘L` Elephas Antiquus’; in: IL GIORNALE D’ITALIA (06/07/1932): 3 & (24/05/1932): 3. S.v., Roma – Il Sottosuolo dei Fori e ‘L’ Elephas Antiquus’ Della Via Dell’ Impero [05/1932]; in: “Tra elefanti e bufali, Roma era come la savana.” GEDI WATCH / You-Tube (25/11/2021) [05:35]. S.v., Dr. Antonella Aquiloni, Museo Paleontologico Montevarchi (AR) & Fb (30/10/2021) & IL MESSAGGERO (26/05/1932). wp.me/pbMWvy-2kj

 

Foto: ROMA – Il Sottosuolo dei Fori e ‘L’ Elephas Antiquus’ Della Via Dell’ Impero; in: IL GIORNALE D’ ITALIA (24/05/1932): 3 & IL MESSAGGERO (26/05/1932): 5.

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/51418823412

 

--- RARA 2023. ROMA - IL GIORNALE D’ ITALIA (24/05/1932): 3 & IL MESSAGGERO (26/05/1932): 5; Alessandra Tomassetti (2008) = A. M. Colini / F. di Cesare: “Mandibola di Elefante Antiquus” (1932). ANCHE: LA REPUBBLICA (10/10/2009): 27 & Sotterranei del Vittoriano & lo scheletro di un elefante preistorico,” Il Giornale (20/05/2002): 31. wp.me/pbMWvy-1Rd

 

Foto: Roma, I Fori Imperiali & Via Dell’ Impero (1930-32); in: Comune DI ROMA / SIMARTWEB (04/2022).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/51991671005

 

4). RARA 2023. ROMA - Dr. Claudio Parisi Presicce, the Via Dell’ Impero: Exhibit – “1932, the Prehistoric Elephant and the Lost Velia Hill.” The Markets of Trajan & the Museum of the Imperial Fora in Rome (8 April thru 20 May 2022), (08/04/2022). wp.me/pbMWvy-2Az

 

Foto: ROMA – “Dalle casse chiuse per 70 anni nuovi tesori della vecchia Roma. Il Venerdi La Repubblica (18/12/2009): 106 (in PDF); in RARA 2023 / Archivio (26/11/2011).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/4195082962

 

PDF = ROMA – Il Venerdi La Repubblica (18/12/2009): 106 (in PDF); in RARA 2023 / Archivio (26/11/2011). wp.me/pbMWvy-3Jm

 

Foto 1a : ROMA – “Fori Imperiali, il mistero delle 500 casse. Bronzi, mosaici, affreschi e persino una tela di lino: riemergono i reperti catalogati nel ’39. Ora in caveau.” Corriere Della Sera (12/09/2010): 3; in: RARA 2023 / Archivio (13/09/2010).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/4988366532

 

Foto 1b : ROMA – “Fori Imperiali, il mistero delle 500 casse. Bronzi, mosaici, affreschi e persino una tela di lino: riemergono i reperti catalogati nel ’39. Ora in caveau.” Corriere Della Sera (12/09/2010): 3; in: RARA 2023 / Archivio (13/09/2010).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/4988355704

Robert Llimós presents a new version of an action that was originally created in the summer of 1972. One of the very few performative works of an artist primarily known for his paintings and sculptures, “Los Corredores” (The Runners), was first realized as part of the legendary avant-garde art festival known as Los Encuentros de Pamplona (The Pamplona Meetings). On that occasion, three people dressed in identical running gear speed-walked throughout the city, connecting the various venues of the festival. As his project for the Composiciones programme, Llimós’s Los Corredores is now restaged on the streets of Barcelona. Three athletes criss-cross the city, seemingly rushing to see every venue of the Gallery Weekend. As in Pamplona, the white sports kits have been adorned by Llimós with black diagonal brushstrokes that symbolize the idea of painting. At times the speed-walking trio carry flowers, or have their ankles joined with elastic ribbon—a painting-as-workout that has left the studio for the street with decoration, discipline, and a dynamic sense of urgency. – Latitudes

 

Robert Llimós’s (Barcelona, 1943) long trajectory as a painter and sculptor began in the sixties within the Nueva Figuración (New Figuration) movement (1965-1968). Between 1969-1973 he went through a more conceptual phase returning to figurative painting with a greater emphasis on colour. His work has been exhibited individually at the Museum Bochum, Germany (1994), Galería Alejandro Sales, Barcelona (2009); Fundació Vila Casas, Barcelona (2010). in 1972 he was part of the landmark international avant-garde art festival Encuentros de Pamplona (The Pamplona Encounters), as well as participating in the unofficial programme of Documenta 5, Kassel. He has exhibited in institutions such as the Museo del Barrio, Nueva York (1976 and 1978); Fundació Miró, Barcelona (1979, 1983 and 1992); Museu d’Art Contemporani de Barcelona (1996, 1997 and 2005); Museo Reina Sofía, Madrid (2004 and 2009) and the Fundació Suñol, Barcelona (2010), amongst others. Since 2009 Llimós has been producing work depicting extraterrestrial life forms and flying objects. In 1994 the Generalitat de Catalunya awarded him the Fine Arts Award. Two of his public sculptures can be seen in Barcelona: “Marc” (1997) in the Olimpic area and “Mirastels” (2006) a floating sculpture in the Port of Barcelona.

 

––

 

“Los Corredores” (1972/2016) was commissioned for the second edition of the Barcelona Gallery Weekend (29 September–2 October 2016) as part of the “Composiciones” programme.

 

Curated by Latitudes for the second time (see 2015 edition), the project further explores Barcelona as a rich fabric of the historic and the contemporary, the unfamiliar and the conspicuous. Resisting an overall theme, and instead developing from the artists’ responses to the specificity of each context—people as well as places—the five art projects form a temporary thread that links evocative locations and public space, running parallel to the Weekend’s exhibitions in galleries and museums.

 

In its second edition, "Composiciones" presents interventions by Lúa Coderch (Club Billar Barcelona); Regina Giménez (Antigua Fábrica de Can Trinxet, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat); Lola Lasurt (Biblioteca Pública Arús); Robert Llimós (connecting all the participating galleries) and Wilfredo Prieto (Unitat Muntada de la Guàrdia Urbana de Barcelona). Their projects offer moments of intermission, intimacy and bewilderment throughout the weekend, highlighting some lesser-known aspects of the city’s cultural heritage and municipal life.

 

Conceived and curated by Latitudes | www.lttds.org

 

Photo: Roberto Ruiz / Courtesy: Barcelona Gallery Weekend.

 

Info: www.lttds.org/projects/composiciones2016/

 

Social media documentation: storify.com/lttds/composiciones-five-commissions-curated-...

I have been having an online discussion re the ethics of taking photos of people who are unaware of the camera. There seem to be various schools of thought on this.

Never-the-less I went out on Wednesday with the specific aim of photographing people. Here are a couple of the results.

Installazione site specific per il cortile di Palazzo Strozzi a Firenze

 

In occasione della Notte Bianca di Firenze del 30 aprile 2012, la Fondazione Palazzo Strozzi presenta la nuova installazione dell’artista italiano Loris Cecchini, appositamente pensata per il Cortile di Palazzo Strozzi: un insieme di grandi forme scultoree sospese che entreranno in dialogo con le misure perfettamente geometriche di questo luogo simbolo del Rinascimento fiorentino.

 

Durante la settimana tra lunedì 23 e domenica 29 aprile, sarà possibile vedere il backstage dell’installazione in corso nello spazio del Cortile che rimarrà regolarmente aperto al pubblico, così come le mostre Americani a Firenze e American Dreamers. L’artista e lo staff di Palazzo Strozzi saranno al lavoro e potrai scoprire come si trasformerà il cortile e come prenderà forma l’opera giorno dopo giorno.

 

L’installazione è resa possibile dal supporto di J.P. Morgan e grazie alla collaborazione dell’Associazione Partners Palazzo Strozzi.

 

www.strozzina.org/exhibitions/aerial-boundaries-loris-cec...

My First iPhone 4S Photo:

 

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Equipment Make:Apple

Camera Model:iPhone 4S

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Sensing Method:One-Chip Color Area

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Image Generated:2011:10:14 15:42:18

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Meaning of Each Comp:Unknown

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GPS Image Direction Ref:True North

 

Would you like a take a shortcut to a specific Snowman?

 

01. A Partridge in a Pear Tree (Jodie Silverman) | 02. Two Turtle Doves (Megan Evans) | 03. Three French Hens (Lei-Mai Lemaow) | 04. Four Calling Birds (Jenny Leonard) | 05. Five Gold Rings (Adam Pekr) | 06. Six Geese a-Laying (Matilda Elizabeth) | 07. Seven Swans a-Swimming (Laura-Kate Chapman) | 08. Eight Maids a-Milking (Donna Newman) | 09. Nine Ladies Dancing (Lizzie Rose Chapman) | 10. Ten Lords a-Leaping (Hammo) | 11. Eleven Pipers Piping (Jess Loveday) | 12. Twelve Drummers Drumming (Jessica Perrin)

1851-Treaty of Fort Laramie divides Great Plains into specific tracts of land for Cheyenne, Arapaho & other signatories, who promise to live forever in peace in return for protection against white depredations.

1859-Discovery of gold, in Colorado Territory brings influx of miners, farmers, & speculators with little regard for Indian rights or ways of life.

1861-Treaty of Fort Wise moves Cheyenne & Arapaho to a small reservation south of the Arkansas River to avoid conflict with emigrants & gold seekers.

1864-1865-Cheyenne & Arapaho War begins after younger members of the tribes refuse to abide by the provisions of the Fort Wise treaty & range far beyond the reservation, clashing frequently with whites. This creates conditions that lead to Sand Creek Massacre. In retaliation Cheyenne, Arapaho, & allied Sioux attack Julesburg, Colorado Territory and raid ranches & stage stations on South Platte.

1865-Treaty of Little Arkansas ends Cheyenne Arapaho War. US government repudiates Sand Creek & promises reparations to the Cheyenne & Arapaho.

1866-Cheyenne warriors who had not signed the Little Arkansas treaty raid along Smoky Hill River in Kansas.

1867Maj. Gen. Philip/ Sheridan takes command of US forces in the West, proposing to bring peace to the Plains. Maj. Gen Winfield S. Hancock begins campaign against Cheyenne & other tribes rumored to be planning attacks on Kansas settlements & transportation routes.

Treaties of Medicine Lodge signed in hope of ending hostilities.

1868-Party of Cheyenne, Arapaho, & Sioux attack settlements along the Solomon & Saline Rivers.

Southern Plains War begins against the Cheyenne, Arapaho, Sioux, Kiowa, & Comanche. Lt. Col. Alfred Sully's summer campaign fails to suppress the tribes.

Sioux & Cheyenne attack & besiege a group of US Army scouts on Beecher's Island in the Arikaree River, Colorado Territory.

Sheridan winter campaign begins in October.

Custer's attack along the Washita River, Indian Territory, destroys Black Kettle's village for a second time, killing Black Kettle in the process.

Sheridan's winter campaign continues with attack & destruction of Comanche village at Soldier Spring, Indian Territory, & the surrender of many Cheyenne & Arapaho in 1869.

1869-Battle of Summit Springs, last major encounter between US Cavalry & Plains Indians in Colorado Territory, destroying the cohesiveness of the Cheyenne Dog Soldiers & ending their effectiveness as a fighting group.

President Ulysses S. Grant's so-called "Peace Policy" is initiated, emphasizing "conquest by kindness" & viewing Indians as "domestic dependent nations" with which the US must negotiate. It last on the Southern Plains until1 1874.

 

The great spotted cuckoo (Clamator glandarius) is a member of the cuckoo order of birds, the Cuculiformes, which also includes the roadrunners, the anis and the coucals. The genus name clamator is Latin for "shouter" from clamare, "to shout". The specific glandarius is derived from Latin glans, glandis, "acorn".

 

Unlike the common cuckoo, neither the hen nor the hatched chick of this species evict the host's eggs, but the young magpies often die because they cannot compete successfully with the cuckoo for food. However it has been shown that this species' chicks secrete a repellent scent when predators threaten. The repellent protects great spotted cuckoo chicks themselves as well as the host's chicks from predators. Carrion crow (Corvus corone corone) chicks survive better if a great spotted cuckoo chick shares their nest. Birds of prey and feral cats less frequently predate crow's nests that include a great spotted cuckoo chick. Crow chicks benefit only when predators are very active; when there is less predation, losing food to great spotted cuckoo chicks harms the crow chicks without compensation. This species is slightly larger than the common cuckoo at 35–39 cm (14–15 in) in length, but looks much larger with its broad wings and long narrow tail. The adult is grey above with a slender body, long tail and strong legs. It has a grey cap, grey wings, a yellowish face and upper breast, and white underparts. Sexes are similar. The juveniles have blackish upperparts and cap, and chestnut primary wing feathers. This species has a magpie-like flight.

 

It is a bird of warm open country with trees. Its food is insects, spiders, small reptiles and hairy caterpillars, which are distasteful to many birds, are a specialty.

 

The great spotted cuckoo's call is a loud cher-cher-kri-kri and variations.This species is slightly larger than the common cuckoo at 35–39 cm (14–15 in) in length, but looks much larger with its broad wings and long narrow tail. The adult is grey above with a slender body, long tail and strong legs. It has a grey cap, grey wings, a yellowish face and upper breast, and white underparts. Sexes are similar. The juveniles have blackish upperparts and cap, and chestnut primary wing feathers. This species has a magpie-like flight.

 

It is a bird of warm open country with trees. Its food is insects, spiders, small reptiles and hairy caterpillars, which are distasteful to many birds, are a specialty.

 

The great spotted cuckoo's call is a loud cher-cher-kri-kri and variations.

"Are there any specific challenges you've faced and overcome in your life and how have you they helped you grow as a person?"

"I think for me a lot of those things are existential. Wrestling my own motivational demons so to speak. The battle between what you think you're supposed to do, what you should do, what you want to do, finding something that sits in the middle of all this. I feel like that's always a work in progress for me. At one point I tried to work on music full time. I thought that was the thing I always wanted to do and I had this idea that because I had this job or other things stopping me it was keeping me from doing music all the time, and then I gave myself some time to try music full time and I realized almost instantaneously that it wasn't what I wanted to be doing. The fantasy I had built in my mind was totally incorrect. I realized I didn't want to sit in a room by myself just tinkering on stuff all day long. Maybe the reason I was enjoying that so much was when it was the antidote to something else. A relief from stress that was coming from other challenges. It was really disconcerting to realize that because for so long I had this idea that you peg your hopes on this thing that's the silver bullet and if I can just get to that point...now I've kind of realized I don't think there ever is a silver bullet. I've tried to accept that."

(3/4)

The American Le Mans Series (ALMS) GTC category is specific to one of the most popular factory race cars in the world, the Porsche 911 GT3 Cup. Developed for Porsche's one-make series around the world, the new version of the Porsche 911 GT3 Cup is based on the road-going 911 GT3 RS. The power unit featured in the new 911 GT3 Cup is largely identical to the production engine of the 911 GT3 RS with the same output of 450 bhp and the same maximum engine speed of 8,500 rpm.

 

We carry the highest quality motorsport equipment, rigorously tested by us, in the extremely demanding environment of professional series racing. For more information visit www.werks2.com. Additionally, for the latest news and trivia, follow us on our Werks II facebook page.

 

Photo courtesy of Alexander Bermudez

ROMA ARCHEOLOGICA & RESTAURO ARCHITETTURA 2022. ITALIA / USA - Aggiornare: 'Petrolio - Ladri di bellezza 2018/2022'; Gli studiosi italiani: "Musei negli USA - Restituisci quello che hai rubato!"; in: RAI 1 HD / VIDEO (2018) & Senatrice & Archeologa Margherita Corrado / Fb (08/2022) = "Il Getty Museum di Los Angeles restituirà all’Italia un antico gruppo scultoreo"; in: ARTRIBUNE & LOS ANGELES TIMES, USA (11/08/2022) [Italiano & English]. wp.me/pbMWvy-337

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018); s.v., Margherita Corrado / FB (11/08/2022).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280154274

 

** Nota: tutte le fotografie qui sono dal video – “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018) / Foto & Video [1:26]; o specificato ed elencato come un’altra fonte citata. **

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52279888651

 

1). ITALIA / USA - "Petrolio Ladri di bellezza"; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018) / Foto & Video [1:26].

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280154079

 

Alla luce degli ultimi risvolti giudiziari e dopo aver acceso i riflettori sulla vicenda dell'Atleta di Fano di Lisippo, la statua in bronzo datata tra il IV e il Il secolo a.C., il capolavoro trafugato nell'Adriatico e venduto illegalmente al Getty Museum quarant'anni fa, "Petrolio - Ladri di bellezza" torna ad occuparsi del traffico di reperti archeologici, ricostruendo la rete capillare di contatti, rapporti, scambi di denaro che ha generato il quarto mercato illecito del mondo.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52279888726

 

Grazie al lavoro di inchiesta durato un anno attraverso fonti esclusive e testimonianze uniche di magistrati, carabinieri, uomini dell'FBI, esperti ed archeologi, "Petrolio", documenta i legami tra organizzazioni malavitose, mondo del collezionismo e i più importanti musei del mondo. Duilio Giammaria va negli Stati Uniti sulle tracce del traffico miliardario di reperti archeologici. In California intervista in esclusiva Timothy Potts, direttore del Getty Museum, in merito alla questione del bronzo di Lisippo. Un viaggio che prosegue a Ginevra, luogo di transito di molti dei reperti trafugati e a Cambridge dove l'archeologo forense Christos Tsirogiannis spiega il ruolo delle case d'asta in questo commercio illecito. Ospiti di Petrolio il critico d'arte Vittorio Sgarbi, lo storico dell'arte Tomaso Montanari e il tenente colonnello Nicola Candido, comandante del reparto operativo dei carabinieri per la Tutela del Patrimonio Culturale.

 

Fonte / source: Video & foto:

--- RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018) / Foto & Video [1:26].

www.raiplay.it/video/2018/11/Petrolio-2e271483-c1ca-4e3c-...

 

Foto: Senatrice & Archeologa Margherita Corrado / FB (11/08/2022).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52279888541

 

2). ITALIA / USA - SE E' VERO, BISOGNA FESTEGGIARE!!!!!! Ricordate l'interrogazione 3-01243 di novembre 2019 dedicata proprio ad Orfeo e le Sirene? Fonte: Senatrice & Archeologa Margherita Corrado / FB (11/08/2022).

 

Foto: Senatrice & Archeologa Margherita Corrado et al., in: Senato della Repubblica / Legislatura 18 Atto di Sindacato Ispettivo n° 3-01243; Atto n. 3-01243 (in Commissione). Pubblicato il 20 novembre 2019, nella seduta n. 167; Svolto nella seduta n. 181 della 7ª Commissione (05/08/2020).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280370960

 

Chi volesse rinfrescarsi la memoria, può aprire questo link:

--- Senatrice & Archeologa Margherita Corrado et al., Senato della Repubblica / Legislatura 18 Atto di Sindacato Ispettivo n° 3-01243; Atto n. 3-01243 (in Commissione). Pubblicato il 20 novembre 2019, nella seduta n. 167; Svolto nella seduta n. 181 della 7ª Commissione (05/08/2020).

 

Fonte / source:

--- Senatrice & Archeologa Margherita Corrado / Fb (11/08/2022);

www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100058012031617

 

--- Anche: Senato della Repubblica / Legislatura 18 Atto di Sindacato Ispettivo n° 3-01243; Atto n. 3-01243 (in Commissione) [11/08/2022].

www.senato.it/japp/bgt/showdoc/18/Sindisp/0/1128243/index...

 

Foto: Senatrice & Archeologa Margherita Corrado / FB (11/08/2022); s.v., Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280154054

 

2.1). ITALIA / USA - ADELANTE, PEDRO, CUM JUICIO, SI PUEDES...

Eccola qui la prova del delitto (fotogramma tratto dal filmato trasmesso dalla trasmissione "Petrolio") ma il 2 luglio 2020 il (futuro) MinC mi rispondeva come leggete... Fonte: Senatrice & Archeologa Margherita Corrado / FB (11/08/2022).

 

Fonte / source:

--- Senatrice & Archeologa Margherita Corrado / Fb (11/08/2022);

www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100058012031617

 

Foto: ARTIBUNE (11/08/2022).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52278904772

 

3). ITALIA / USA - Il Getty Museum di Los Angeles restituirà all’Italia un antico gruppo scultoreo. ARTIBUNE (11/08/2022).

 

COME PREVISTO DALLA POLICY DEL GRANDE MUSEO LOSANGELINO, CHE OBBLIGA AL RIMPATRIO DELLE OPERE SOTTRATTE ILLEGALMENTE, ORFEO E LE SIRENE TORNERANNO A SETTEMBRE 2022 A ROMA, SEGUITI DA ALTRI MANUFATTI IN UN SECONDO MOMENTO.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52278904902

 

Un momento storico per le restituzioni, e per l’Italia. Il J. Paul Getty Museum di Los Angeles ha annunciato oggi che restituirà al Paese il Gruppo scultoreo di un Poeta Seduto e Sirene, un gruppo di figure in terracotta a grandezza naturale della seconda metà del IV secolo a.C. proveniente dalla colonia magnogreca di Taranto, noto anche come Orfeo e le Sirene. Il museo statunitense starebbe inoltre collaborando con il Ministero della Cultura per organizzare la restituzione di altri quattro manufatti, a data da destinarsi. Il gigantesco museo a capo dell’omonimo centro per le arti ha già rimosso i manufatti dal percorso di visita in preparazione per il trasporto a Roma a settembre (peraltro molto difficile, vista la fragilità delle sculture), dove saranno affidati al Ministero della Cultura.

 

Foto: ARTIBUNE (11/08/2022).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280154144

 

IL GRUPPO SCULTOREO ORFEO E LE SIRENE

La restituzione non è per l’Italia una vera e propria sorpresa, dato che già all’inizio del 2006 l’opera compariva in un elenco di manufatti di cui si rivendicava il possesso e si chiedeva la restituzione. Stando alla commissione permanente in Senato su Istruzione pubblica, beni culturali, ricerca scientifica, spettacolo e sport riunitasi nell’agosto 2020, “il bene, databile secondo la maggior parte degli studiosi nell’ambito della seconda metà del IV secolo a.C., si compone di tre statue, originariamente policrome: due figure femminili stanti (140 per 55 centimetri circa), riconoscibili come sirene in base alla conformazione ornitomorfa della parte inferiore del corpo, e una figura maschile seduta, vestita del solo mantello, variamente identificata come poeta, come Orfeo o semplicemente come un defunto del quale poteva costituire parte del monumento sepolcrale.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280154234

 

La figura maschile impugna con la mano destra un oggetto allungato, probabilmente il manico di un plektron, secondo l’interpretazione di Bottini e Guzzo, che ipotizzano nell’altra mano l’originaria presenza di uno strumento a corda. L’opera è riconducibile con certezza al patrimonio culturale italiano e proviene probabilmente dal territorio tarantino”. Lo stesso Getty Trust, si legge ancora nel verbale del Senato, aveva sottoscritto nel 2007 una convenzione con l’allora Ministero per i beni e le attività culturali che aveva permesso il rientro in Italia di molti beni preziosi e che stabiliva l’impegno del Ministero a “interpellare previamente il Getty Trust prima di procedere al recupero di beni archeologici dei quali sia acquisita la prova della provenienza da scavo clandestino e/o oggetto di esportazione illegittima dall’Italia di beni archeologici presenti nelle collezioni del Getty Trust

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52278904892

 

“. Sono passati un po’ di anni, certo, ma la collaborazione si può ora dire fruttuosa, nonostante i trascorsi anche burrascosi (vedasi la condanna del tribunale di Pesaro di qualche anno fa).

  

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280154259

 

LA POLICY DI RESTITUZIONE DEL GETTY MUSEUM DEI MANUFATTI SOTTRATTI ILLECITAMENTE

 

Il Getty – un’istituzione di livello globale con una enorme collezione che va dalle opere greche alle fotografie del Novecento – ha adempiuto così alla propria policy di restituzione dei manufatti al Paese d’origine, obbligatoria nel caso in cui vi siano informazioni affidabili a indicare che siano stati rubati o scavati illegalmente. “Grazie alle informazioni fornite da Matthew Bogdanos e dall’Unità per il traffico di antichità dell’ufficio del procuratore distrettuale di Manhattan che indicano lo scavo illegale di Orfeo e delle sirene, abbiamo deciso che questi oggetti dovrebbero essere restituiti”, hanno dichiarato i direttori Timothy Potts, Maria Hummer-Tuttle e Robert Tuttle.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280154264

 

Ma non finisce qui: secondo ricercatori dell’istituzione e studiosi indipendenti, bisognerà restituire anche una colossale testa in marmo di una divinità del II secolo d.C.; uno stampo in pietra del II secolo d.C. per la fusione di pendenti; un dipinto a olio intitolato Oracolo a Delfi (1881) di Camillo Miola; e un thymiaterion in bronzo etrusco del IV secolo a.C. I primi tre di questi oggetti furono acquisiti dal fondatore J. Paul Getty e dal Getty Museum negli anni ’70, il quarto nel 1996, e nessuno di loro è più stato esposto al pubblico negli ultimi anni. “Apprezziamo il nostro forte e fruttuoso rapporto con il Ministero della Cultura italiano e con i nostri numerosi colleghi archeologi, conservatori, curatoriali e altri studiosi in tutta Italia, con i quali condividiamo la missione di promuovere la conservazione del patrimonio culturale antico“, ha affermato il direttore Potts.

 

Fonte / source, foto:

--- ARTIBUNE (11/08/2022).

www.artribune.com/arti-visive/archeologia-arte-antica/202...

 

Foto: The Los Angele Times, USA (11 Aug., 2022).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280378020

 

4). ITALIA / USA - Getty to return illegally excavated Orpheus sculptures, some great antiquities, to Italy. The Los Angele Times, USA (11 Aug., 2022).

 

The J. Paul Getty Museum is returning its Orpheus group of sculptures — a culturally significant group of nearly life-size terra-cotta figures known as “Orpheus and the Sirens,” some of the museum’s greatest antiquities — to Italy. The objects, which have been determined to have been illegally excavated and exported, will be sent to Rome in September. The institution is coordinating with Italy’s Ministry of Culture to send four other objects back as well at a future date.

 

Foto: The Los Angele Times, USA (11 Aug., 2022).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52278904817

 

“The Getty is not in a position to comment on information that led to the return of the Orpheus,” spokesperson Julie Jaskol said. “The information was supplied by Matthew Bogdanos of the Antiquities Trafficking Unit of the Manhattan district attorney’s office, who developed the evidence in an investigation unrelated to the Getty. The evidence persuaded us that the statues had been illegally excavated and it was appropriate to return them in accordance with Getty policy.”

 

Foto: The Los Angele Times, USA (11 Aug., 2022).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52278904822

 

Bogdanos was not able to comment given that the investigation is still in progress, a spokesperson for the Manhattan district attorney’s office said.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52279888581

 

“This piece is being returned pursuant to an ongoing and active criminal investigation,” the spokesperson said in an email, “which uncovered the antiquity was illegally trafficked.”

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280154109

 

“Orpheus and the Sirens” is extremely fragile, and the museum says it is working on “specially tailored equipment and procedures” regarding its transfer.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52279906673

 

J. Paul Getty purchased the Orpheus sculptures in the spring of 1976. It was among his final acquisitions prior to his June 6 death.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52278904762

 

In his diary, which is part of the Getty’s archives, an entry from Saturday, March 6, 1976, notes that he “bought the following objects” including “a group of 3 Greek statues made in Tarentum at the end of the 4th C.B.C.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52279906703

 

They represent a singer Orpheus seated and 2 standing sirens. $550,000 from Bank Leu. All of these naturally were on [Czech American archaeologist Jiří Frel’s] recommendation.” Frel was the Getty’s antiquities curator from 1973 to 1986.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280154284

 

The $550,000 Getty paid in 1976 is equivalent to around $3 million today, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics’ CPI Inflation Calculator.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280371120

 

The Orpheus group of sculptures is an incredibly important work to the Getty. It has been on view, in a ground floor gallery at the Getty Villa, since it was acquired more than four decades ago.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52278904857

 

“It is a very important work. I’d even say one of the most important in the [Getty Museum’s] collection,” Getty Museum director Timothy Potts said in an interview. “So it will be a loss as to what we can represent about the art of the ancient classical world, in this case southern Italy in the late fourth century B.C.”

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52279888676

 

Potts said the work is especially unique because of its scale, quality and subject matter — it suggests the mythical story of Jason and the Argonauts, which would make the sculpture’s seated man, who plays a harp-like instrument, Orpheus.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52278904867

 

“It’s just extremely rare and there’s nothing similar in our collection, or closely similar in any collection,” Potts said. “It does leave a hole in our gallery but with this evidence that came forth, there was no question that it needed to be sent back to Italy.”

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280154224

 

“We value our strong and fruitful relationship with the Italian Ministry of Culture and with our many archaeological, conservation, curatorial, and other scholarly colleagues throughout Italy, with whom we share a mission to advance the preservation of ancient cultural heritage,” Potts said in a statement.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280154229

 

The other pieces being returned to Italy — none of which have been exhibited in recent years — are a colossal marble head of a divinity and a limestone mold for casting pendants, both from the second century A.D., along with a 19th century oil painting by Camillo Miola, “The Oracle,” and an Etruscan bronze thymiaterion, a ceremonial incense burner, from the fourth century B.C. The latter was acquired by the Getty in 1996 while the other three objects were acquired in the 1970s.

 

Foto: “Petrolio Ladri di bellezza”; in: RAI 1 HD (08/12/2018).

www.flickr.com/photos/imperial_fora_of_rome/52280371150

 

Fonte / source, foto:

--- The Los Angele Times, USA (11 Aug., 2022).

www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/story/2022-08-11/getty...

The rear of the T-shirt says: "Supporting lesbian, gay, bisexual & trans homeless young people".

That's a very specific target of people to support.

 

Presumably he is a Street Fundraiser, or Chugger "Charity Mugger" (if one wants be less generous with the description). He is waiting for a bus home after a long day trying to get people to sign up to a small monthly donation via direct debit.

 

Just so everything is clear, I've posted this picture as this is an unusual sight and I'm slightly taken aback at how narrow the target of people they will help. No other reason.

 

Nice stripey Taxi on the road.

 

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street_fundraising

 

The Albert Kennedy Trust

www.akt.org.uk

In 1989, 16 year old Albert Kennedy fell to his death from the top of a car park in Manchester whilst trying to escape from a group of homophobic bullies pursuing him in a car. Albert was a runaway from a children's home and was suffering depression. In his short life he had experienced rejection and abuse from society.

City ​​Park

(more pictures you can see by clicking on the link at the end of the side!)

Photo: Vienna City Park plan - Flower - Lake

City Park Plan - Flower - Lake Ltd. © Vienna - specific

The Viennese City Park stretches from the park ring in the first district of Vienna up to the Haymarket in the third district of Vienna and is a of both tourists and local citizens well-visited park in Vienna. Its area is 65,000 m².

History

Yet in the Biedermeier the Water Glacis was a popular entertainment venue before the Karolinenstadttor (city gate). As part of the by the demolition of the city wall happened remodeling in the Ringstrasse, the project of a public park has been promoted on that site by the then Mayor of Vienna, Andreas Zelinka. This park was designed in the style of English gardens by the landscape painter Josef Selleny, the plannings were carried out by the city gardener Rudolf Siebeck. On 21th August 1862 the city park was opened as the first public park in Vienna.

Vienna River flows through the city park

The Wien River flows through the city park, Vienna © concrete

"Wien" (Vienna River) in the city park

On the right bank of the river Wien (Wienfluss) was 1863 the so-called children's park, today mainly characterized by paved playgrounds and sports facilities, which over the Karoline bridge (Karolinenbrücke) (since 1918 Stadtparkbrücke), built in 1857, with the on the left bank situated town park is connected.

In the years 1903-1907 was in the parking area after the regulation a by Friedrich Ohmann and Josef Hackhofer planned Vienna river engineering structure with the river gate, pavilions and river banks built, which is one of the sights in the park.

In earlier times visitors of the park for the stay in placed chairs had to pay fees that were collected by the chair women (the so-called Sesselweiber).

Attractions in the park

Kursalon

The Kursalon

The water Glacis was a spa pavilion in which healing waters for drinking cures were served. To that affect, in the years 1865 to 1867 for the city park also the Kursalon was built according to plans of Johann Garben. This historicist imposing home in the style of the Italian Renaissanceg is located at the John street (Johannesgasse) and has a large terrace in the park:

After the opening on 8th May 1867 were originally forbidden pleasures. As this concept was not adopted, yet on 15th October in 1868 was taking place the first concert of Johann Strauss (son) whereupon became the Kursalon a popular dance and concert venue in particular at the time of the Strauss brothers. Today, the Kursalon after a renovation phase is again venue for balls, concerts, clubbings and conferences and houses a café-restaurant.

Photo: Johann Strauss monument in the city park; © RM

Monuments

With the gilded bronze statue of Johann Strauss (son) stands in the city park one of the best known and most frequently photographed monuments in Vienna. It was on 26th June 1921 unveiled and is framed of a marble relief by Edmund Hellmer. The gilding was removed in 1935 and in 1991 applied again. Other monuments there are, for example, of Franz Schubert, Franz Lehar and Robert Stolz and Hans Makart, the City Park is in monuments and sculptures the richest park in Vienna.

The dairy (Meierei)

The former milk bar was built as part of the Wienflußverbauung (Vienna river engineering structure) according to plans by Friedrich Ohmann and Josef Hackhofer from 1901 until 1903. After suffering heavy damages during the Second World War the building was extended in the reconstruction. Today is in the dairy after another annex a restaurant.

Planting

The planting of the city park is characterized by a great diversity of species and is, as possible, focused on a year-round flowering. Through an avenue to the ring road noise and exhaust gases are filtered. Some trees are protected, such as a ginkgo, a crown of thorns (Honeylocust, Christusdorn), cottonwood tree and Caucasian wingnut.

www.wien-konkret.at/sehenswuerdigkeiten/stadtpark/

Little specific information about "Silver Galaxy Granite" from India is available. It has a foliated texture, so it is a metamorphic rock - it appears to be a gneiss. The dark red areas are very likely garnets. The matrix includes a sparkly component - likely mica.

 

I've seen this material attributed to Andhra Pradesh State (= southern Indian) and Rajasthan State (= northwestern India). Verified quarry location info. is lacking.

 

Haleakala Crater hike on Haleakala Crater Hike on 7/9/2019

 

I caught the first Hawaiian Airlines flight to Maui from Oahu which left at 5:05 am, arrival at 5:44 am.

I took a carry-on duffel bag and a photo backpack ( no checked bags )

Picked up my rental car from Alamo and first stopped at 7-Eleven for water, food and snacks.

Maui Airport has changed. All the car rental companies moved to one central location reachable by tram. Additionally a specific Airport Access road was constructed and in use by this trip.

 

7:40 am left 7-Eleven for Haleakala.

7:30 am arrived at park entrance. $25 entrance fee by credit card only.

8:00 am arrived at Halemau'u trail head parking lot. Filled my CamelBak bladder with 3L of water, redistributed my equipment and used the bathroom to add a thermal underwear layer for the cold.

8:40 am left the parking lot and went to the Hitchhiking spot to wait for a ride. I was picked up by the 3rd car to come along. A single young male on vacation by himself. As I was grabbing my things to get into his car a mother and young son came up and asked to share the ride. I only waited maybe 5 minutes to catch a ride.

9:00 am arrived at the Summit Visitor Center parking lot. The driver had never been up to Haleakala even after visiting Maui a couple of times before, and he was considering doing a short hike while up there. I would be passed by him and the other hitch hiker about a mile down the trail later.

9:15 am after a short look around at the lookout and tightening up my boot laces, I started on Keonehe'ehe'e ( Sliding Sands Trail )

11:51 am I would get to the bottom of the crater and the trail for Holua cabins or Kapaloa, Paliku cabins. Ate lunch of one Spam musube.

12:06 pm I would start on the trial to Holua Cabin

12:59 pm top of the ascent to "Ka Moa o Pele"

1:24 pm trail juncture on the left of "Halali'i"

2:14 pm Silver Sword loop begin ( did not take the loop )

2:22 pm Silver Sword loop end

3:05 pm Holua Cabin - rested

3:32 pm left Holua Cabin and headed out on Halemau'u trail and the crater rim.

4:13 pm arrived at base of crater rim and the start of the switchbacks up the crater wall. rested and stretched.

4:27 pm started up the crater rim switch backs.

6:56 pm I would reach the flat narrow spot I consider the end of the switchbacks.

7:00 pm the temperature would be 56 degrees and dropping down to 52 degrees ( not including windchill )

7:10 pm Sunset, and I was hiking in dark shadow. Too dark to take meaningful pictures or pics of my watch.

8:00 pm I would reach the Halemau'u parking lot and my car.

8:30 pm I would finish unloading and repacking bags for going to my hotel and possibly doing some astro-photography.

8:45 pm arrive at Kalahaku overlook to check out the possibility of astro-photography. The 50% moon washed out the Milky way too much, stars were visible and I was starting to yawn. So I didn't, and I left at 9:05 pm for Kahului and a shower.

 

I used up all my water, when I got to my hotel and check, the hydration bladder was flat. Possibly one or two sips left in the tube. This was the 2nd time hiking this trail. Both times I brought a collapsible water bag w/filter to refill water at Holua and did not. If I do this again I really, REALLY need to refill water at Holua cabin.

 

The weather reports for the previous week were about the possibility of hurricane Barbara hitting the islands the day before my trip. Fortunately Barbara down graded and by the time of my trip and predictions for the summit were somewhat cloudy with occasional showers. While hiking I only encountered a few light drizzle/drops from the clouds that didn't require me to break out any of the rain gear I brought or to stow my cameras from rain.

 

The weather at the summit was cloudy and approximately 65 degrees with windchill. Along the hike until the ascent up the crater rim at the end, the temperature would not seem as cold as I expected or remember from my previous hike a couple of years ago. Possibly due to my wearing thermal underwear, hiking pants, a medium thick long sleeve athletic shirt beneath a button long sleeve hiking shirt and my broad brimmed hat of course. While moving I felt cool and relatively comfortable temperature wise, while raising a slight glistening sweat. At least it wasn't dripping into my eyes.

 

Keeping to my expected and normal average hiking pace of around 1 mph or less going down hill and across the flats, I would take pictures about every 1-2 hundred feet of the trail. Boring, but I like to document the trail condition. In addition to any interesting views, scenery or recording the weather.

 

I kept one of my watches attached to my sleeve so it would not be in skin contact and would mostly dangle in my body shade. This would give me a way of tracking my elevation and mostly the temperature.

 

There were many more day hikers actually crossing the crater along the same route I was going. Most notable was the mother and son that caught a ride with me. They met up with her husband and other son who caught another ride a bit later.

Probably all the hikers that were crossing the crater caught up to me and passed me, and they all started later than I did. The only people who caught up but didn't pass me were 3 female park rangers on their way to Holua Cabin and pretty much started doing their park ranger stuff in the area where they caught up to me and didn't catch up again.

 

I was constantly annoyed by the hikers I would see taking short cuts along the trail. I had to remind myself to not get pissy with them. I'm tempted to think the only other hikers on the trail that did not take short cuts were the park rangers I met.

 

Personally, I started the hike with a kinda sharp lower back pain, which had been ongoing since the previous week. But since this hike was already book and paid for I wasn't going to cancel. All thru the hike my back would be in constant pain and I would continually think I might have to give up hiking if my back doesn't get better. It was most painful going down hill, while the flats and going up weren't as bad.

I was hoping the strain and constant back movement would loosen up my lower back and aleviate my pain. Surprisingly, while getting on my stomach with all my gear still on me, when I got up my lower back was better. The pain would come and go, but could now be aleviated for short periods of time by taking off all my gear and bending over to stretch my back. When I would get home, my lower back pain issues would return to "normal"

 

Evidently, the dry cold air and constant breeze caused my face and lips to chap, which showed up a day after I got home.

Once again I brought chapstic but didn't use it.

-----------------------------------

CamelBak Octane 16X Hydration Pack (3L Hydration bladder)

3 liters of water = 6.6 pounds

 

1x Nikon D700 w/battery grip - Nikon 28-300mm

1x Nikon D700 w/out grip - Rokinon 12mm f2.8 fisheye

Tokina 16-28mm f2.8

Camera & lens weight = 12 pounds

 

I brought both cameras to reduce the amount of time spent changing lenses and the possibility of getting grit on the camera sensors. Turns out I never changed to the 16-28 so never removed any lens. Yay, no spots in my pictures, Bo, lugged another heavy lens around for nothing. At least I left the 100mm macro in the car already.

   

Ambling out of Jaisalmer train station in late morning, we were immediately accosted by the throngs of drivers – mostly working for specific hotels – who were trying to pick us up. Since I’d booked a room at the Roop Mahal, this wasn’t an issue. It took a minute to find the guy, but he was there to drive us the whole 1-2 km to the hotel, which was at the base of the fort on the west side.

 

The biggest reason to come to Jaisalmer, the Golden City (since most places are primarily built of sandstone) is to see the fort, which is on a bit of a hill overlooking an otherwise flat desert. As it’s in the desert, the temperatures in the day, even in late September, were close to 40 degrees Celsius (a little over 100F).

 

According to Lonely Planet India, the fort was built in 1156 by the Rajput ruler Jaisal and reinforced by subsequent rulers. It “was the focus of a number of battles between the Bhatis, the Mughals of Delhi and the Rathores of Jodhpur.”

 

Nowadays, it’s a living fort. Jaisalmer Fort has plenty of residents, restaurants, souvenir stands, havelis (old-style housing with ornate architecture: carved stone doorways, lattice screens, balconies, and turrets). The havelis are often hotels now, and almost every hotel here has a rooftop restaurant to enjoy the surrounding view. Our hotel, the Roop Mahal, also had a rooftop restaurant where I ate a few times. The food was…not great, but certainly not bad.

 

In addition to the havelis, there are also quite a few temples. Specifically, there are seven Jain temples (that you can tour for 150 rupees/15 RMB/$2.50USD). These temples were visually quite attractive inside – some more than others – and also had plenty of worshippers coming in and out. I was impressed by the intricacy of the details and sandstone carving, the intimacy of the art, and the way natural light was used in the temples. I don’t believe tripods were allowed inside the temple, which made a lot of shooting quite difficult, but not impossible. The only other rule is that you have to take your shoes off outside and pay someone (usually about 100 rupee) to “watch” your shoes.

 

After having a meal in the fort (and, excitedly, finding a spice shop where I bought the first of many Indian spices to bring back to China with me), my travel partner arranged for us to go out to the desert and ride camels. (The hotelier also offered something similar, but was a bit expensive.)

 

Later in the day, around 5:00, if I recall correctly, a guy came to pick us up at the hotel in a jeep and four of us – me, my travel partner, and two Israeli women – started our drive out to Sam, about 50 km west of Jaisalmer (and less than 100 km – maybe less than 50 – from the Pakistani border to the west).

 

En route, we had to make a few required stops (per our drivers). The first place was so forgettable that I can’t even recall the name of it or what it was. The second place was just to see a small village (really, two buildings) and a whole lot of kids running up to you begging for money in exchange for pictures.

 

After that, we finally made it out to the desert, where we rode camels for about half an hour and then stopped at a rather random place where we were eventually given a home-cooked Indian meal, vegetarian, that consisted of dal, naan, and a few curries. It was delicious, and had to be eaten completely in Indian style (no utensils of any kind).

 

While watching the sunset and the subsequent moonrise, we eventually bade our Israeli friends farewell (as they were spending the night in the desert) and headed back to town. Along the way, I caught a glimpse of a late night cricket match, and it was the only time during this trip I’d see that. When we got back to the hotel, we just needed to wait there for an hour or two before they were kind enough to drive us to the train station around 11:00 p.m. so we could catch our midnight train to Jodhpur…the Blue City.

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Riff, PD#18245, a land art monument celebrating 100 years of the Zuiderzee Act

A collaboration of artist Bob Gramsma and engineer WaltGalmarini AG

 

Riff, PD#18245 is a site-specific work, a Land Art monument. The tectonic work looks like it is emerging from the natural-cultural landscape and, at the same time, helps to frame it. A mound of soil was heaped up on a foundation of slanted pillars. Large cavities were dug into the mound and then cast in concrete, thus creating an inverted sculptural reproduction of the void in the mound. Afterwards, the mound was removed, and the concrete sculpture cleaned of loose soil and sand. The result is a large-scale work, supported by three stalactite-shaped concrete volumes and the pillars of the foundation, which are partially visible. The monument is in context with the horizon, the landscape and the sunset. A stairway leads up to the top of the structure, inviting visitors to overview its surface.

 

The process of digging uses the labour of construction to create traces of landscape – space without architecture. The sculpture re-interprets the material and historical conditions of the site. The slightly slanted volume echoes characteristics of the Polder, like dikes, ditches, canals, plots, embankment, drainage, extraction, renaturation and depilution (vertical segregation). At the same time, Riff, PD#18245 also appears foreign in this environment – a hull resting on slanted pillars, aligned with the dikes. It is reminiscent of other interventions in this particular landscape: water management, flood protections, the signs of the transition from fishing to agriculture, and the renaturation of the landscape. It literally emerges from, and melds into, the artificial topography, the geology, the IJsselmeer polder and the Zuiderzee bed.

 

At the same time, Riff, PD#18245 is a trace of the artistic and the production process, outlining an interstice between the present and the past. The trace as an index of the working process creates a nexus between time and spatiality. The monumental blueprint of an excavation, which has long since disappeared, turns into a poetic sculpture, a hollow resonant body with a natural patina growing over time. Riff, PD#18245 looks southwest westward across the renatured land in the direction of the sunset and the amusement parks, providing a visual link to the Veluwemeer and the Flevopolder, the largest man-made island and its physical vastness.

 

Riff, PD#18245 becomes a space for the audience to project, or to reanimate, their understanding of the site, its history and its present. The sculpture is at once a tool to reflect on history and an incitement for the viewer to dream those stories. It is a way of visualizing both absence and presence, a sculpted ghost, or spirit, that opens up a new space for rethinking the relationship between material and memory. It is a residue of memory, honouring the past, while serving the present. By means of the elemental exposure of the earth, the missing cast, and the past that it encapsulates, we are reminded that earth and its history — as well as the cosmic forces or energies shaping it — are beyond human intelligibility. But we can try to understand, or appreciate, their unfathomable presence in time as we access this exhumed vestige.

 

Production

After creating a foundation by driving piles deep into the ground, a huge mound (70 x 40 x 7 m, 15.000 m3) was heaped up on top of it, consisting of sand and clay from the agricultural land and from the bottom of the Zuiderzee on the site. A wide sinkhole, reaching 2 m under sea level, and two narrow deep pits, reaching down to the level of the pillars, were dug into the mound. Reinforcement structures were built, and concrete poured and pneumatically projected into the cavities to produce an inverted sculptural reproduction of the empty space. After the concrete had dried, the heaped-up soil was bulldozed away and returned to build the new environment for the New Nature Programme. An immersive sculpture, whose platform hovers above the ground, is revealed. A small staircase cuts into the platform. The piece is approx. 37,5 m long, 13 m wide and 7 m high.

 

Using the local soil as false work, as well as formwork, and reusing it after the production for the new reserve is a very ecological, as well as economical, casting technique. It allows to produce an intricate seamless hollow concrete cast in one piece. After the structure was cleaned, it is ready for the public and the winds to take over. Within time, an ecosystem will evolve on the inside of the hollow body, and the surface will be partly covered with moss, chalk, and salt efflorescence. Little gaps in the shell enable insects and animals to build viable habitats inside the hollow body. The whole production process was open to the public to provide an in-depth vision and understanding in the making of Riff, PD#18245. The sculpture itself thus starts to generate memories in the minds of the audience – a process that will continue well into the future as weather and nature gradually take over the sculpture, altering its shape and functions over time, while the wind is playing on its resonant body.

 

Text: Martin Jaeggi

 

MOURNING DEATH OF AN ANT & A HEN

 

Site Specific Performance, Gurgaon

 

January 2013

 

PLEASE JOIN ME IN MOURNING FOR THESE DEATHS

 

An ant was dead due to international violence caused by a french butterfly which created a chain of

events that led to a dog’s discomfort inturn started running madly in the process killed an ant. In a

similar turn of events a hen was killed in a catastrophic incident caused by a Russian lady plucking a

plant from her garden in Moscow which lead to a family in Delhi to celebrate hence opting to merrily

eat chicken for their dinner.

In chaos theory, the butterfly effect is the sensitive dependence on initial conditions, where a small

change at one place in a deterministic nonlinear system can result in large differences to a later state. In

simple terms a slight vibration caused by a wing flap in Finland can cause a tsunami in kerala. Such a

diverse system is ours and to be able to understand that is a moment of enlightenment.

HARSHA VARDHAN

PT-Specific-Spectacles-March 2007

Aaron Buchan – Level 3 Senior Trainer

 

FF Trainer of the Year – 2011

 

Creator/Manager of Cross Training Systems

 

Since becoming a Personal Trainer, I have always had a passion towards helping people achieve their goals. I have often wondered what would be the best way to achieve the best results in the fastest possible way? That’s what prompted me to start developing Cross Training Systems – easy to follow structured programs suited to every individual’s needs.Aaron profile pic new

 

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Tel 0403 534 611

spray paint on safety cabinets

 

stie specific artwork @ Casa Delle Letterature - Rome

 

time lapse here:

youtu.be/IsUmmd6vJrA

From The Consumerist, a graphic comparison of American Airlines' gender-specific search engines. (Posted for my RHET 3401 class.)

“Associated” is a site specific show in a severely damaged brownstone, currently with a Vacate Order, issued by the DOB. As you may recall, the huge fire on Nov 12th 2010 at the Associated Supermarket on 5th Avenue and 17th Street not only damaged the supermarket building including the Open Source Gallery, but also a brownstone next door. The 3 family house, the Gallery owners’ home, was also rendered uninhabitable by the blaze.

There is no exact date for the show. There will be a 2 week window when the Vacate Order will be dropped and the contractors will start their work. All participating artists are prepared to install their work any day within the next month.

opening up with the

OPEN SOURCE CARNIVAL

The Carnival involves a public celebration combining some elements of circus, performance, public fair and party. We encourage people to dress-up in costumes during the celebration and to bring a little bit of money for the future of OPEN SOURCE.

Participants

Sara Bouchard, Christian Brown, Reamonn Byrne, Wendy Chu, Ethan Crenson, Hubert Dobler, Peter Feigenbaum, Pirmin Hagen, Fumie Ishii, Der Kommissar, Stefanie Koseff, James Leonard, Loadingdock5, Katerina Marcelja, Amanda C. Mathis, Patrick May, Nolan McKew, Annelise E. Ream, Jason Reppert, Raphaela Riepl, Evan Robarts, Frank Scheiderbauer, Allison Read Smith, Miho Suzuki, Kathleen Vance, Letizia Werth, Lily White, Monika Wuhrer

Sara Schnadt

Network, Domestic Intervention

July 31st – August 21st, 2010

 

Opening reception Sat July 31st, 3pm – 8pm

Exhibition continues thru Sat Aug 21st by appointment

 

Sara Schnadt is a Chicago-based performance/installation artist. Raised on an international commune in Scotland, an ‘alternative’ context which considered itself as a social experiment outside of conventional culture, she spent formative years understanding herself as an outsider, an observer. Since moving to the United States in 1986, Sara has become fascinated with the unifying rituals and values that are common threads in contemporary western culture, and has made work that frames and resonates with those common threads.

 

Formally, Sara makes performance and installations that use task, found objects, interactivity, projection, and movement derived from common gestures. Her work creates environments that shift the audience regularly from spectator to participant as the performer constantly moves between pedestrian and more stylized or evocative activity and the viewer negotiates spacial immersion in the work.

 

Works often take shape as installations and live activities that translate data visualizations of large quantities of socially-resonant information into material, gestural and poetic form.

 

Network, Domestic Intervention

 

Since November 2009, site-specific versions of Network have been created in Chicago for an unused store front downtown and a gallery space at Hyde Park Art Center. For What it is, a version of Network will be created to inhabit the entire house that is the project space and artists’ live-work space and extend out into the garden.

 

Visualizing the idea that we simultaneously live in a real and virtual world, and that the virtual is infinitely expansive, Network uses large quantities of electric yellow twine (tied in patterns based on both social network structures and Internet network infrastructure) to suggest a virtual network landscape cutting through an otherwise ordinary space.

 

Artists/curators/residents Tom Burtonwood and Holly Holmes will also live with the work in their home for a month, negotiating their routines around it. A series of photographs will document their activity for the project catalog.

 

Sara Schnadt is a Chicago-based artist working in new media, installation and performance art. She has shown her in work in Chicago at Hyde Park Art Center, Pop-Up Art Loop temporary gallery series, 12×12: New Artists New Work at the MCA Chicago, Looptopia, the Site Unseen Performance Festival, Balloon Contemporary, and at Antena Gallery. National and international shows include Exchange Rate public projection series in LA and New York, Upgrade! – Chain Reaction in Skopje, Macedonia, CINEA Paris, FreeManifesta in Frankfurt, and the Busan Biennale in Busan, South Korea.

 

saraschnadt.com/home.html

“Associated” is a site specific show in a severely damaged brownstone, currently with a Vacate Order, issued by the DOB. As you may recall, the huge fire on Nov 12th 2010 at the Associated Supermarket on 5th Avenue and 17th Street not only damaged the supermarket building including the Open Source Gallery, but also a brownstone next door. The 3 family house, the Gallery owners’ home, was also rendered uninhabitable by the blaze.

There is no exact date for the show. There will be a 2 week window when the Vacate Order will be dropped and the contractors will start their work. All participating artists are prepared to install their work any day within the next month.

opening up with the

OPEN SOURCE CARNIVAL

The Carnival involves a public celebration combining some elements of circus, performance, public fair and party. We encourage people to dress-up in costumes during the celebration and to bring a little bit of money for the future of OPEN SOURCE.

Participants

Sara Bouchard, Christian Brown, Reamonn Byrne, Wendy Chu, Ethan Crenson, Hubert Dobler, Peter Feigenbaum, Pirmin Hagen, Fumie Ishii, Der Kommissar, Stefanie Koseff, James Leonard, Loadingdock5, Katerina Marcelja, Amanda C. Mathis, Patrick May, Nolan McKew, Annelise E. Ream, Jason Reppert, Raphaela Riepl, Evan Robarts, Frank Scheiderbauer, Allison Read Smith, Miho Suzuki, Kathleen Vance, Letizia Werth, Lily White, Monika Wuhrer

The Final Day of Racing At Brands Hatch for The Superprix Weekend and After a Really Busy and Scattered Set Of Races The Previous day it was time to see which of the Drivers could Brave the Circuit One Last Time and Take Home Either a Championship Win or a Victory in their Specific Race.

 

Lets Get Straight to the Results.

 

Classic Formula Ford/Historic Formula 3 (Race 2 Result)

 

Classic Formula Ford and Historic Formula 3 Were up First and it was Time to see who could be The one to take the Checkered Flag First when they crossed the Line.

 

In First Place was (Cameron Jackson) in his Winkelmann WDF2 with a Lap Time of 1:39.257 and a Top Speed of 86.59mph. A Fantastic Victory Cameron Showing Incredible Car Control and Commitment to Win the Race.

 

In Second Place was (Ben Tinkler) in his Van Diemen RF80 with a Lap Time of 1:39.986 and a Top Speed of 85.77mph. A Really Great Drive from Ben to stay so close to Cameron and Keep Him on his toes the entire Time while Fighting for the Lead of the Race.

 

In Third Place was (Jordan Harrison) in his Lola T540E with a Lap Time of 1:39.994 and a Top Speed of 85.54mph. A Really Wonderfully Deserved Third Place for Jordan Pushing that Lola for everything it Has got to gain Third Place. Well Done.

 

Three Fantastically Fast Drivers all with Incredible Speed and Talent Showcasing The Best of what they Bring to Brands Hatch Every Year. An Amazing Last Race to Witness. Congratulations to The Race Winner and Keep Trying Hard Everyone Else.

 

HGPCA Pre 66 Grand Prix Cars (Race 20)

 

Next It was The Historic Grand Prix Cars and with a Massive Turn out for them it looks like Another Cracking Race to see from Start till Finish. Lets see who came out on Top.

 

In First Place was (Sam Wilson) in his Lotus 18 with a Lap Time of 1:39.384 and a Top Speed of 86.55mph. Amazing Work Sam Showing Colin Chapman How it Should be Done. He would have been Proud to Witness that Victory.

 

In Second Place was (Peter Horsman) in his Lotus 18/21 with a Lap Time of 1:41.296 and A Top Speed of 84.90mph. A Fantastic Drive by Peter to take Second Place in the Race.

 

In Third Place was (Miles Griffiths) in his Scarab Offenhauser with A Lap Time of 1:41.501 and A Top Speed of 84.38mph A Really Good Job there Miles Almost Matching Lap Times with Peter and Showing Some Incredible Car Control during The Race.

 

Another Fantastic Race for The Historic Grand Prix Cars and a Huge Congratulations to Sam for Taking Victory in the Last Race. Avery Well Done to Both Peter and Miles as well.

 

HSCC 70's Road Sports (Race 19)

 

Historic Road Sports took to the Track next and with some Legendary Cars from the Likes of Lotus Morgan and TVR it was Time to see who Had Stormed to Victory in the Last Race and Taken the Victory.

 

In First Place was (William Plant) in his Morgan Plus 8 with A Lap Time of 1:45.768 and A Top Speed of 70.67mph. Congratulations William on the Victory it was so Good to See a Morgan Take First Place while Watching this Exciting Race. An Amazing Drive.

 

In Second Place was (Jim Dean) in his Lotus Europa with A Lap Time of 1:46.411 and A Top Speed of 70.66mph. Another Incredible Drive from Jim to Take Second Place. Well Done

 

In Third Place was (Richard Plant) in his Morgan Plus 8 with A Lap Time of 1:47.697 and a Top Speed of 70.31mph. A Very Committed Drive from Richard and a Fantastic Third Place Finish that I'm sure the Whole Family will be Proud of.

 

Fantastic Racing from the 70's Road Sports to Finish the Days Racing for them Congratulations to William, Jim and Richard. Hope to see you Three Battling it out Again Soon.

 

Aurora Trophy With Geoff Lees Trophy

 

The Arora Trophy Roared onto the Grand Prix Circuit Next with Powerful V8 Engines thease Racing Cars could make the Ground Shake as they Thunder their way around the Race Track. Lets see who Managed to take that All Important Victory for their Final Race.

 

In First Place was (Martin Stretton) in his March 712 with a Lap Time of 1:25.976 and A Top Speed of 101mph. A Very Brave and Committed drive from Martin to Take Victory, Really Pushing the March to its Limits and hanging onto the Lead thought the Race.

 

In Second Place was (Mathew Wrigley) in his March 782 with a Lap Time of 1:25.127 and A Top Speed of 100.96mph. Another Incredible Driver Taking his Machinery to New heights and Keeping the March Name Alive in Historic Racing. Amazing Work Mathew.

 

In Third Place was (Samuel Harrison) in his Dallara 389 with A Lap Time of 1:29.552 and A Top Speed of 95.04mph. Amazing work Sam showing Insane Car Control even when Racing so Fast and for such A Long Time. Congratulations.

 

Another Amazing Race to Keep the Day going and showing the Amazing work that Each Team Does to ensure that their Driver and His Car are Ready to go. Well Done to all of the Teams and to the First Second and Third Place Winners as well. Looking Forward To seeing more Action this Year from the Aurora Trophy.

 

Guards Trophy (Race 21)

 

Next Up Guards Trophy with Another Range of Racing Machines from the Likes of Brabham Chevron and Lotus Lets see what will Happen and Who will be able to Drive their way to Victory in This Race.

 

In First Place was (Andy Newall) in his Chevron B6 with A Lap Time of 1:38.258 and A Top Speed of 83.84mph. Very Well Driven and Raced by Andy Showcasing the Power of the Chevron and taking it too its Limits in terms of Raw Speed and Performance.

 

In Second Place was the Duo of (Jackson S and Jackson C) in their Lenham P70 with A Lap Time of 1:38.008 and A Top Speed of 83.45mph. Fantastic Work to The Two Jacks who Really showed what Working Together Can Achieve during A Race. Well Done

 

In Third Place was the Duo of (Mitchell W and Mitchell B) in their Chevron B8 with A Lap Time of 1:38.368 and A Top Speed of 82.49mph. Another Amazing Duo who Have Taken Third Place and Kept the Fight Alive in their Respective Championship. Amazing work.

 

A Fantastic Race for the Guards Trophy Showing the Power of Each Race Car and what they Are Capable of When put into The Hands of the Right Drivers. Congratulations to Andy Mitchell W and Mitchell B as well as Jackson S and Jackson C for putting on One Hell of a Race. Keep up the Good Work Everyone Else and Never Stop Fighting for your Own Victories.

 

Historic Formula Ford (Race 16)

 

Next Up was Historic Formula Ford and some very Twitchy and Tricky Cars to be Driven Round the Circuit at Hight Speed. With Light Weight Chassis and Small Cockpits this was going to be a Very Exciting Race to Watch. Lets see who Came out Best of the Rest.

 

In First Place was (Cameron Jackson) in his Winkelmann WDF2 with A Lap Time of 1:38.596 and A Top Speed of 87.95mph. Another Incredible Drive From Cameron to Take Victory and show what A Truly Committed and Self Determined Driver is. He is an Inspiration to All Up Coming Formula Ford Racers.

 

In Second Place was (Tom Macarthur) in his Titan MK3 with A Lap Time of 1:38.484 and A Top Speed of 87.94mph. Another Really Brave and Heroic Driver Pushing His Formula Ford to its Limits and Keeping his Eye's on the Race Track. Amazing Work Tom.

 

In Third Place was (Horatio Fitzsimon) in his Merlin MK20A with A Lap Time of 1:38.513 And A Top Speed of 87.90mph. Very Well Done Horatio Fantastic Driving and A Well Deserved Third Place.

 

An Amazing Final Heat Race for the Formula Fords with Everyone Pushing As Hard as they Could for Victory. Keep Working Hard Everyone and Congratulations to Cameron Tom and Horatio.

 

Historic Road Sports (Race 17)

 

Historic Road Sports Next and it was Time to see what Each Driver could do in their Respective Race Car. Lets see how things Stacked up and who Came out on Top in the Race.

 

In First Place was (Kevin Kivlochan) in his AC Cobra with a Lap Time of 1:46.891 and A Top Speed of 72.19mph. What A Drive From Kevin to Take Victory Keeping that Cobra Far Ahead of the Rest of the Pack and Taking A Dominant Victory. Carol Shelby would have Loved to See That.

 

In Second Place was (John Davidson) in his Lotus Elan S1 with A Lap Time of 1:46.052 And A Top Speed of 72.16mph. Amazing Work John Keeping that Lotus on the Tarmac and Putting on One Hell of a Race for Everyone. Amazing Job.

 

In Third Place was (Rupert Ashdown) in his Lotus Elan S1 with A Lap Time of 1:47.481and A Top Speed of 71.61mph. Another Incredible Drive by Rupert Taking Third Place Very Well Deserved.

 

Historic Road Sports putting on Another Superb Race for the Season and Congratulations to Kevin John and Rupert on their Victories. Hope to see More of that This Year and Good Luck to Everyone Else Racing too.

 

Historic Touring Cars (Race 22)

 

The Final Race of The Day was Here and The Historic Touring Car Club did not Disappoint with Lotus Cortina's Mini Cooper S's and Ford Mustangs This was going to be a Final Battle of Titans. Lets See Who Managed to Take that Last Checkered Flag of the Day.

 

In First Place was (Steve Soper) in his Ford Mustang with A Lap Time of 1.47.084 and A Top Speed of 71.51mph. Awesome Drive Steve Fantastic to see that He Still has it in him After all The Years of Racing.

 

In Second Place was (Rob Fen) in his Ford Mustang with A Lap Time of 1:49.031 and A Top Speed of 70.93mph. Amazing Work Rob Pushing that Mustang Far and Wide to Hang onto that Second Place. Excellent Drive.

 

In Third Place was (Mark Martin in his Ford Lotus Cortina with A Lap Time of 1:49.905 and A Top Speed of 70.70mph. Very Well Done Mark Great Driving and Even a Wheel in the Air on Some Occasions Heading onto the Grand Prix Loop. What A Sight that Was to See.

 

And With that The Days Events came to an End for another year of Superprix Racing at Brands Hatch Amazing work to all of the Organisers and Race Drivers who took Part and Congratulations once again to all of the Race Winners. Keep Fighting Keep Wining and I'm Sure we will do it All Again Next Year.

This is the commonest of 3 species in UK. found near water but has no specific connection with Alder trees also found near water. This one settled on my camera bag yesterday. Life cyle is 2 years long but these adults only live for 2-3 days.

Ganesh

Site specific wall drawing (12' x 20')

Spirograph, ink, graphite, latex, gouache, watercolor, kum-kum powder, tumeric, incense, fire and found objects.

2010

 

Pittsburgh Center For the Arts

from the exhibition Cluster

February 5, 2010 - March 28, 2010

 

Videography by Beth Wolfe

 

Copyright © 2010 David Pohl

HOP | House of Pingting Archives

I'm starting to purchase some relatively expensive gemstones. I wanted to know how I could be sure of what I was purchasing when there are some misleading trade names and vendors that may not ask as many questions of their supplier as they should.

 

Calculating the specific gravity of your new sparklies is a good method and can be done fairly inexpensively.

 

blog.autochthonous-evolved.com/2013/04/making-sure-your-g...

Served on Japan Airlines, this yogurt seems to indicate an expiration date that is oddly specific -- December 21, 2010, A.D.

Multi-Archeology (1/3 of Cina Cina Cina)

curated by: Li Zhenhua

exhibition view at CCC Strozzina, Palazzo Strozzi, Florence

Fangruida: human landing on Mars 10 cutting-edge technology

 

[Fangruida- human landing on Mars 10 innovative and sophisticated technologies]

 

Aerospace Science and space science and technology major innovation of the most critical of sophisticated technology R & D project

-------------------------------------------------- -------------

Aerospace Science Space Science and Technology on behalf of the world's most cutting-edge leader in high technology, materials, mechatronics, information and communication, energy, biomedical, marine, aviation aerospace, microelectronics, computer, automation, intelligent biochips, use of nuclear energy, light mechanical and electrical integration, astrophysics, celestial chemistry, astrophysics and so a series of geological science and technology. Especially after the moon landing, the further development of mankind to Mars and other planets into the powerful offensive, the world's major powers eager to Daxian hand of God, increase investment, vigorously develop new sophisticated technology projects for space to space. Satellite, space station, the new spacecraft, the new space suits, the new radiation protection materials, intelligent materials, new manufacturing technology, communications technology, computer technology, detector technology, rover, rover technology, biomedical technology, and so one after another, is expected to greater breakthroughs and leaps. For example, rocket technology, spacecraft design, large power spacecraft, spacesuits design improvements, radiation multifunctional composite materials, life health care technology and space medicine, prevention against microgravity microgravity applicable drugs, tracking control technology, landing and return technology. Mars lander and returned safely to Earth as a top priority. Secondly, Mars, the Moon base and the use of transforming Mars, the Moon and other development will follow. Whether the former or the latter, are the modern aerospace science, space science basic research, applied basic research and applied research in the major cutting-edge technology. These major cutting-edge technology research and innovation, not only for human landing on Mars and the safe return of great significance, but for the entire space science, impact immeasurable universe sciences, earth sciences and human life. Here the most critical of the most important research projects of several sophisticated technology research and development as well as its core technology brief. Limit non-scientific techniques include non-technical limits of technology, the key lies in technology research and development of technology maturity, advanced technology, innovative, practical, reliable, practical application, business value and investment costs, and not simply like the idea mature technology achievements, difficult to put into things. This is the high-tech research and development, testing, prototype, test application testing, until the outcome of industrialization. Especially in aerospace technology, advanced, novelty, practicality, reliability, economy, maturity, commercial value and so on. For technical and research purely science fiction and the like may be irrelevant depth, but not as aerospace engineering and technology practice. Otherwise, Mars will become a dream fantasy, and even into settling crashed out of danger.

 

Regardless of the moon or Mars, many technical difficulties, especially a human landing on Mars and return safely to Earth, technical difficulties mainly in the following aspects. (Transformation of Mars and the Moon and other planets and detect other livable technology more complex and difficult, at this stage it is difficult to achieve and therefore not discussed in detail in this study). In fact, Mars will be the safe return of a full set of technology, space science, aerospace crucial scientific research development, its significance is not confined to Mars simply a return to scientific value, great commercial value, can not be measure.

1. Powered rocket, the spacecraft overall structural design not be too complex large, otherwise, the safety factor to reduce the risk of failure accidents. Fusion rocket engine main problem to be solved is the high-temperature materials and fuel ignition chamber (reaction chamber temperatures of up to tens of millions of supreme billion degrees), fissile class rocket engine whose essence is the miniaturization of nuclear reactors, and placed on the rocket. Nuclear rocket engine fuel as an energy source, with liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, liquid ammonia working fluid. Nuclear rocket engine mounted in the thrust chamber of the reactor, cooling nozzle, the working fluid delivery and control systems and other components. This engine due to nuclear radiation protection, exhaust pollution, reactor control and efficient heat exchanger design and other issues unresolved. Electrothermal rocket engine utilizing heat energy (resistance heating or electric arc heating) working medium (hydrogen, amines, hydrazine ), vaporized; nozzle expansion accelerated after discharged from the spout to generate thrust. Static rocket engine working fluid (mercury, cesium, hydrogen, etc.) from the tank enter the ionization chamber is formed thrust ionized into a plasma jet. Electric rocket engines with a high specific impulse (700-2500 sec), extremely long life (can be repeated thousands of times a starter, a total of up to thousands of hours of work). But the thrust of less than 100N. This engine is only available for spacecraft attitude control, station-keeping and the like. One nuclear - power rocket design is as follows: Firstly, the reactor heats water to make it into steam, and then the high-speed steam ejected, push the rocket. Nuclear rocket using hydrogen as working substance may be a better solution, it is one of the most commonly used liquid hydrogen rocket fuel rocket carrying liquid hydrogen virtually no technical difficulties. Heating hydrogen nuclear reactor, as long as it eventually reaches or exceeds current jet velocity hydrogen rocket engine jet speed, the same weight of the rocket will be able to work longer, it can accelerate the Rockets faster. Here there are only two problems: First, the final weight includes the weight of the rocket in nuclear reactors, so it must be as light as possible. Ultra-small nuclear reactor has been able to achieve. Furthermore, if used in outer space, we can not consider the problem of radioactive residues, simply to just one proton hydrogen nuclei are less likely to produce induced radioactivity, thus shielding layer can be made thinner, injected hydrogen gas can flow directly through the reactor core, it is not easy to solve, and that is how to get back at high speed heated gas is ejected.

  

Rocket engine with a nuclear fission reactor, based on the heating liquid hydrogen propellant, rather than igniting flammable propellant

High-speed heavy rocket is a major cutting-edge technology. After all, space flight and aircraft carriers, submarines, nuclear reactors differ greatly from the one hand, the use of traditional fuels, on the one hand can be nuclear reactor technology. From the control, for security reasons, the use of nuclear power rocket technology, safe and reliable overriding indicators. Nuclear atomic energy in line with the norms and rules of outer space. For the immature fetal abdominal hatchery technology, and resolutely reject use. This is the most significant development of nuclear-powered rocket principle.

Nuclear-powered spaceship for Use of nuclear power are three kinds:

The first method: no water or air space such media can not be used propeller must use jet approach. Reactor nuclear fission or fusion to produce a lot of heat, we will propellant (such as liquid hydrogen) injection, the rapid expansion of the propellant will be heated and then discharged from the engine speed tail thrust. This method is most readily available.

The second method: nuclear reactor will have a lot of fast-moving ions, these energetic particles moving very fast, so you can use a magnetic field to control their ejection direction. This principle ion rocket similar to the tail of the rocket ejected from the high-speed mobile ions, so that the recoil movement of a rocket. The advantage of this approach is to promote the unusually large ratio, without carrying any medium, continued strong. Ion engine, which is commonly referred to as "electric rocket", the principle is not complicated, the propellant is ionized particles,

Plasma Engine

Electromagnetic acceleration, high-speed spray. From the development trend, the US research scope covers almost all types of electric thrusters, but mainly to the development of ion engines, NASA in which to play the most active intake technology and preparedness plans. "

The third method: the use of nuclear explosions. It is a bold and crazy way, no longer is the use of a controlled nuclear reaction, but to use nuclear explosions to drive the ship, this is not an engine, and it is called a nuclear pulse rocket. This spacecraft will carry a lot of low-yield atomic bombs out one behind, and then detonated, followed by a spacecraft propulsion installation disk, absorbing the blast pushing the spacecraft forward. This was in 1955 to Orion (Project Orion) name of the project, originally planned to bring two thousand atomic bombs, Orion later fetal nuclear thermal rocket. Its principle is mounted on a small rocket reactor, the reactor utilizing thermal energy generated by the propellant is heated to a high temperature, high pressure and high temperature of the propellant from the high-speed spray nozzle, a tremendous impetus.

  

Common nuclear fission technologies, including nuclear pulse rocket engines, nuclear rockets, nuclear thermal rocket and nuclear stamping rockets to nuclear thermal rocket, for example, the size of its land-based nuclear power plant reactor structure than the much smaller, more uranium-235 purity requirements high, reaching more than 90%, at the request of the high specific impulse engine core temperature will reach about 3000K, require excellent high temperature properties of materials.

  

Research and test new IT technologies and new products and new technology and new materials, new equipment, things are difficult, design is the most important part, especially in the overall design, technical solutions, technical route, technical process, technical and economic particularly significant. The overall design is defective, technology there are loopholes in the program, will be a major technical route deviation, but also directly related to the success of research trials. so, any time, under any circumstances, a good grasp of the overall control of design, technical design, is essential. otherwise, a done deal, it is difficult save. aerospace technology research and product development is true.

  

3, high-performance nuclear rocket

Nuclear rocket nuclear fission and fusion energy can rocket rocket two categories. Nuclear fission and fusion produce heat, radiation and shock waves and other large amounts of energy, but here they are contemplated for use as a thermal energy rocket.

Uranium and other heavy elements, under certain conditions, will split their nuclei, called nuclear fission reaction. The atomic bomb is the result of nuclear fission reactions. Nuclear fission reaction to release energy, is a million times more chemical rocket propellant combustion energy. Therefore, nuclear fission energy is a high-performance rocket rockets. Since it requires much less propellant than chemical rockets can, so to its own weight is much lighter than chemical rockets energy. For the same quality of the rocket, the rocket payload of nuclear fission energy is much greater than the chemical energy of the rocket. Just nuclear fission energy rocket is still in the works. 

Use of nuclear fission energy as the energy of the rocket, called the atomic rockets. It is to make hydrogen or other inert gas working fluid through the reactor, the hydrogen after the heating temperature quickly rose to 2000 ℃, and then into the nozzle, high-speed spray to produce thrust. 

A vision plan is to use liquid hydrogen working fluid, in operation, the liquid hydrogen tank in the liquid hydrogen pump is withdrawn through the catheter and the engine cooling jacket and liquid hydrogen into hydrogen gas, hydrogen gas turbine-driven, locally expansion. Then by nuclear fission reactors, nuclear fission reactions absorb heat released, a sharp rise in temperature, and finally into the nozzle, the rapid expansion of high-speed spray. Calculations show that the amount of atomic payload rockets, rocket high chemical energy than 5-8 times.

Hydrogen and other light elements, under certain conditions, their nuclei convergent synthesis of new heavy nuclei, and release a lot of energy, called nuclear fusion reaction, also called thermonuclear reaction. 

Using energy generated by the fusion reaction for energy rocket, called fusion energy rocket or nuclear thermal rockets. But it is also not only take advantage of controlled nuclear fusion reaction to manufacture hydrogen bombs, rockets and controlled nuclear fusion reaction needs still studying it.

Of course there are various research and development of rocket technology and technical solutions to try.

It is envisaged that the rocket deuterium, an isotope of hydrogen with deuterium nuclear fusion reaction of helium nuclei, protons and neutrons, and release huge amounts of energy, just polymerized ionized helium to temperatures up to 100 million degrees the plasma, and then nozzle expansion, high-speed ejection, the exhaust speed of up to 15,000 km / sec, atomic energy is 1800 times the rocket, the rocket is the chemical energy of 3700 times.

 

Nuclear rocket engine fuel as an energy source, with liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, liquid ammonia working fluid. Nuclear rocket engine mounted in the thrust chamber of the reactor, cooling nozzle, the working fluid delivery and control systems and other components. In a nuclear reactor, nuclear energy into heat to heat the working fluid, the working fluid is heated after expansion nozzle to accelerate to the speed of 6500 ~ 11,000 m / sec from the discharge orifice to produce thrust. Nuclear rocket engine specific impulse (250 to 1000 seconds) long life, but the technology is complex, apply only to long-term spacecraft. This engine due to nuclear radiation protection, exhaust pollution, reactor control and efficient heat exchanger design and other issues not resolved, is still in the midst of trials. Nuclear rocket technology is cutting-edge aerospace science technology, centralized many professional and technical sciences and aerospace, nuclear physics, nuclear chemistry, materials science, the long term future ___-- wide width. The United States, Russia and Europe, China, India, Japan, Britain, Brazil and other countries in this regard have studies, in particular the United States and Russia led the way, impressive. Of course, at this stage of nuclear rocket technology, technology development there are still many difficulties. Fully formed, still to be. But humanity marching to the universe, nuclear reactor applications is essential.

  

Outer Space Treaty (International Convention on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space) ****

Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space Principle 15

General Assembly,

Having considered the report of its thirty-fifth session of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and the Commission of 16 nuclear

It can be attached in principle on the use of nuclear power sources in outer space of the text of its report, 17

Recognize that nuclear power sources due to small size, long life and other characteristics, especially suitable for use even necessary

For some missions in outer space,

Recognizing also that the use of nuclear power sources in outer space should focus on the possible use of nuclear power sources

Those uses,

Recognizing also that the use of nuclear power sources should include or probabilistic risk analysis is complete security in outer space

Full evaluation is based, in particular, the public should focus on reducing accidental exposure to harmful radiation or radioactive material risk

risk,

Recognizing the need to a set of principles containing goals and guidelines in this regard to ensure the safety of outer space makes

With nuclear power sources,

Affirming that this set principles apply exclusively on space objects for non-power generation, which is generally characteristic

Mission systems and implementation of nuclear power sources in outer space on similar principles and used by,

Recognizing this need to refer to a new set of principles for future nuclear power applications and internationally for radiological protection

The new proposal will be revised

By the following principles on the use of nuclear power sources in outer space.

Principle 1. Applicability of international law

Involving the use of nuclear power sources in outer space activities should be carried out in accordance with international law, especially the "UN

Principles of the Charter "and" States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies Activities

Treaty "3

.

2. The principle terms

1. For the purpose of these principles, "launching State" and "launching State ......" two words mean, in related

Principles related to a time of nuclear power sources in space objects exercises jurisdiction and control of the country.

2. For the purpose of principle 9, wherein the definition of the term "launching State" as contained in that principle.

3. For the purposes of principle 3, the terms "foreseeable" and "all possible" two words are used to describe the actual hair

The overall likelihood of students that it is considered for safety analysis is credible possibilities for a class of things

Member or circumstances. "General concept of defense in depth" when the term applies to nuclear power sources in outer space refers to various settings

Count form and space operations replace or supplement the operation of the system in order to prevent system failures or mitigate thereafter

"Official Records of the General Assembly, Forty-seventh Session, Supplement No. 20" 16 (A / 47/20).

17 Ibid., Annex.

38

fruit. To achieve this purpose is not necessarily required for each individual member has redundant safety systems. Given space

Use and special requirements of various space missions, impossible to any particular set of systems or features can be specified as

Necessary to achieve this purpose. For the purpose of Principle 3 (d) of paragraph 2, "made critical" does not include

Including such as zero-power testing which are fundamental to ensuring system safety required.

Principle 3. Guidelines and criteria for safe use

To minimize the risk of radioactive material in space and the number involved, nuclear power sources in outer space

Use should be limited to non-nuclear power sources in space missions can not reasonably be performed

1. General goals for radiation protection and nuclear safety

(A) States launching space objects with nuclear power sources on board shall endeavor to protect individuals, populations and the biosphere

From radiation hazards. The design and use of space objects with nuclear power sources on board shall ensure that risk with confidence

Harm in the foreseeable operational or accidental circumstances, paragraph 1 (b) and (c) to define acceptable water

level.

Such design and use shall also ensure that radioactive material does not reliably significant contamination of outer space.

(B) the normal operation of nuclear power sources in space objects, including from paragraph 2 (b) as defined in foot

High enough to return to the track, shall be subject to appropriate anti-radiation recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection of the public

Protection goals. During such normal operation there shall be no significant radiation exposure;

(C) To limit exposure in accidents, the design and construction of nuclear power source systems shall take into account the international

Relevant and generally accepted radiological protection guidelines.

In addition to the probability of accidents with potentially serious radiological consequences is extremely low, the nuclear power source

Design systems shall be safely irradiated limited limited geographical area, for the individual radiation dose should be

Limited to no more than a year 1mSv primary dose limits. Allows the use of irradiation year for some years 5mSv deputy agent

Quantity limit, but the average over a lifetime effective dose equivalent annual dose not exceed the principal limit 1mSv

degree.

Should make these conditions occur with potentially serious radiological consequences of the probability of the system design is very

small.

Criteria mentioned in this paragraph Future modifications should be applied as soon as possible;

(D) general concept of defense in depth should be based on the design, construction and operation of systems important for safety. root

According to this concept, foreseeable safety-related failures or malfunctions must be capable of automatic action may be

Or procedures to correct or offset.

It should ensure that essential safety system reliability, inter alia, to make way for these systems

Component redundancy, physical separation, functional isolation and adequate independence.

It should also take other measures to increase the level of safety.

2. The nuclear reactor

(A) nuclear reactor can be used to:

39

(I) On interplanetary missions;

(Ii) the second high enough orbit paragraph (b) as defined;

(Iii) low-Earth orbit, with the proviso that after their mission is complete enough to be kept in a nuclear reactor

High on the track;

(B) sufficiently high orbit the orbital lifetime is long enough to make the decay of fission products to approximately actinides

Element active track. The sufficiently high orbit must be such that existing and future outer space missions of crisis

Risk and danger of collision with other space objects to a minimum. In determining the height of the sufficiently high orbit when

It should also take into account the destroyed reactor components before re-entering the Earth's atmosphere have to go through the required decay time

between.

(C) only 235 nuclear reactors with highly enriched uranium fuel. The design shall take into account the fission and

Activation of radioactive decay products.

(D) nuclear reactors have reached their operating orbit or interplanetary trajectory can not be made critical state

state.

(E) nuclear reactor design and construction shall ensure that, before reaching the operating orbit during all possible events

Can not become critical state, including rocket explosion, re-entry, impact on ground or water, submersion

In water or water intruding into the core.

(F) a significant reduction in satellites with nuclear reactors to operate on a lifetime less than in the sufficiently high orbit orbit

For the period (including during operation into the sufficiently high orbit) the possibility of failure, there should be a very

Reliable operating system, in order to ensure an effective and controlled disposal of the reactor.

3. Radioisotope generators

(A) interplanetary missions and other spacecraft out of Earth's gravitational field tasks using radioactive isotopes

Su generator. As they are stored after completion of their mission in high orbit, the Earth can also be used

track. We are required to make the final treatment under any circumstances.

(B) Radioisotope generators shall be protected closed systems, design and construction of the system should

Ensure that in the foreseeable conditions of the track to withstand the heat and aerodynamic forces of re-entry in the upper atmosphere, orbit

Conditions including highly elliptical or hyperbolic orbits when relevant. Upon impact, the containment system and the occurrence of parity

Physical morpheme shall ensure that no radioactive material is scattered into the environment so you can complete a recovery operation

Clear all radioactive impact area.

Principle 4. Safety Assessment

1. When launching State emission consistent with the principles defined in paragraphs 1, prior to the launch in applicable under the

Designed, constructed or manufactured the nuclear power sources, or will operate the space object person, or from whose territory or facility

Transmits the object will be to ensure a thorough and comprehensive safety assessment. This assessment shall cover

All relevant stages of space mission and shall deal with all systems involved, including the means of launching, the space level

Taiwan, nuclear power source and its equipment and the means of control and communication between ground and space.

2. This assessment shall respect the principle of 3 contained in the guidelines and criteria for safe use.

40

3. The principle of States in the Exploration and Use, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies Outer Space Activities Article

Results of about 11, this safety assessment should be published prior to each transmit simultaneously to the extent feasible

Note by the approximate intended time of launch, and shall notify the Secretary-General of the United Nations, how to be issued

This safety assessment before the shot to get the results as soon as possible.

Principle 5. Notification of re-entry

1. Any State launching a space object with nuclear power sources in space objects that failed to produce discharge

When radioactive substances dangerous to return to the earth, it shall promptly notify the country concerned. Notice shall be in the following format:

(A) System parameters:

(I) Name of launching State, including which may be contacted in the event of an accident to Request

Information or assistance to obtain the relevant authorities address;

(Ii) International title;

(Iii) Date and territory or location of launch;

(Iv) the information needed to make the best prediction of orbit lifetime, trajectory and impact region;

(V) General function of spacecraft;

(B) information on the radiological risk of nuclear power source:

(I) the type of power source: radioisotopes / reactor;

(Ii) the fuel could fall into the ground and may be affected by the physical state of contaminated and / or activated components, the number of

The amount and general radiological characteristics. The term "fuel" refers to as a source of heat or power of nuclear material.

This information shall also be sent to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

2. Once you know the failure, the launching State shall provide information on the compliance with the above format. Information should as far as possible

To be updated frequently, and in the dense layers of the Earth's atmosphere is expected to return to a time when close to the best increase

Frequency of new data, so that the international community understand the situation and will have sufficient time to plan for any deemed necessary

National contingency measures.

3. It should also be at the same frequency of the latest information available to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

Principle 6. consultation

5 According to the national principles provide information shall, as far as reasonably practicable, other countries

Requirements to obtain further information or consultations promptly reply.

Principle 7. Assistance to States

1. Upon receipt of expected with nuclear power sources on space objects and their components will return through the Earth's atmosphere

After know that all countries possessing space monitoring and tracking facilities, in the spirit of international cooperation, as soon as possible to

The Secretary-General of the United Nations and the countries they may have made space objects carrying nuclear power sources

A fault related information, so that the States may be affected to assess the situation and take any

It is considered to be the necessary precautions.

41

2. In carrying space objects with nuclear power sources back to the Earth's atmosphere after its components:

(A) launching State shall be requested by the affected countries to quickly provide the necessary assistance to eliminate actual

And possible effects, including nuclear power sources to assist in identifying locations hit the Earth's surface, to detect the re substance

Quality and recovery or cleanup activities.

(B) All countries with relevant technical capabilities other than the launching State, and with such technical capabilities

International organizations shall, where possible, in accordance with the requirements of the affected countries to provide the necessary co

help.

When according to the above (a) and subparagraph (b) to provide assistance, should take into account the special needs of developing countries.

Principle 8. Responsibility

In accordance with the States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies activities, including the principles of Article

About Article, States shall bear international responsibility for their use of nuclear power sources in outer space relates to the activities

Whether such activities are carried on by governmental agencies or non-governmental entities, and shall bear international responsibility to ensure that this

Such activities undertaken by the country in line with the principles of the Treaty and the recommendations contained therein. If it involves the use of nuclear power sources

Activities in outer space by an international organization, should be done by the international organizations and States to participate in the organization

Undertakes to comply with the principles of the Treaty and the recommendations contained in these responsibilities.

Principle 9. Liability and Compensation

1. In accordance with the principle of States in the Exploration and Use, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies Outer Space Activities Article

And the Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects covenant of Article 7

Provisions, which launches or on behalf of the State

Each State launching a space object and each State from which territory or facility a space object is launched

Kinds of space object or damage caused by components shall bear international liability. This fully applies to this

Kind of space object carrying a nuclear power source case. Two or more States jointly launch a space object,

Each launching State shall in accordance with the above Article of the Convention for any damages jointly and severally liable.

2. Such countries under the aforesaid Convention shall bear the damages shall be in accordance with international law and fair and reasonable

The principles set out in order to provide for damages to make a claim on behalf of its natural or juridical persons, national or

International organizations to restore to the state before the occurrence of the damage.

3. For the purposes of this principle, compensation should be made to include reimbursement of the duly substantiated expenses for search, recovery and clean

Cost management work, including the cost of providing assistance to third parties.

10. The principle of dispute settlement

Since the implementation of these principles will lead to any dispute in accordance with the provisions of the UN Charter, by negotiation or

Other established procedures to resolve the peaceful settlement of disputes.

 

Here quoted the important provisions of the United Nations concerning the use of outer space for peaceful nuclear research and international conventions, the main emphasis on the Peaceful Uses of provisions related constraints .2 the use of nuclear rockets in outer space nuclear studies, etc., can cause greater attention in nuclear power nuclear rocket ship nuclear research, manufacture, use and other aspects of the mandatory hard indicators. this scientists, engineering and technical experts are also important constraints and requirements. as IAEA supervision and management as very important.

 

2. radiation. Space radiation is one of the greatest threats to the safety of the astronauts, including X-rays, γ-rays, cosmic rays and high-speed solar particles. Better than aluminum protective effect of high polymer composite materials.

3. Air. Perhaps the oxygen needed to rely on oxidation-reduction reaction of hydrogen and ilmenite production of water, followed by water electrolysis to generate oxygen. Mars oxygen necessary for survival but also from the decomposition of water, electrolytically separating water molecules of oxygen and hydrogen, this oxygen equipment has been successfully used in the International Space Station. Oxygen is released into the air to sustain life, the hydrogen system into the water system.

4. The issue of food waste recycling. At present, the International Space Station on the use of dehumidifiers, sucked moisture in the air to be purified, and then changed back to drinkable water. The astronauts' urine and sweat recycling. 5. water. The spacecraft and the space station on purification system also makes urine and other liquids can be purified utilization. 6. microgravity. In microgravity or weightlessness long-term space travel, if protective measures shall not be treated, the astronauts will be muscle atrophy, bone softening health. 7. contact. 8. Insulation, 9 energy. Any space exploration are inseparable from the energy battery is a new super hybrid energy storage device, the asymmetric lead-acid batteries and supercapacitors in the same compound within the system - and the so-called inside, no additional separate electronic control unit, this is an optimal combination. The traditional lead-acid battery PbO2 monomer is a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate spongy Pb composition, not a super cell. : Silicon solar cells, multi-compound thin film solar cells, multi-layer polymer-modified electrode solar cells, nano-crystalline solar cells, batteries and super class. For example, the solar aircraft .10. To protect the health and life safety and security systems. Lysophosphatidic acid LPA is a growth factor-like lipid mediators, the researchers found that this substance can on apoptosis after radiation injury and animal cells was inhibited. Stable lysophosphatidic acid analogs having the hematopoietic system and gastrointestinal tract caused by acute radiation sickness protection, knockout experiments show that lysophosphatidic acid receptors is an important foundation for the protection of radiation injury. In addition to work under high pressure, the astronauts face a number of health threats, including motion sickness, bacterial infections, blindness space, as well as psychological problems, including toxic dust. In the weightless environment of space, the astronaut's body will be like in preadolescents, as the emergence of various changes.

Plantar molt

After the environment to adapt to zero gravity, the astronaut's body will be some strange changes. Weightlessness cause fluid flow around the main flow torso and head, causing the astronauts facial swelling and inflammation, such as nasal congestion. During long-term stay in space

 

Bone and muscle loss

Most people weightlessness caused by the impact may be known bone and muscle degeneration. In addition, the calcium bones become very fragile and prone to fracture, which is why some of the astronauts after landing need on a stretcher.

Space Blindness

Space Blindness refers astronaut decreased vision.

Solar storms and radiation is one of the biggest challenges facing the long-term space flight. Since losing the protection of Earth's magnetic field, astronauts suffer far more than normal levels of radiation. The cumulative amount of radiation exposure in low earth orbit them exceeded by workers close to nuclear reactors, thereby increasing the risk of cancer.

Prolonged space flight can cause a series of psychological problems, including depression or mood swings, vulnerability, anxiety and fear, as well as other sequelae. We are familiar with the biology of the Earth, the Earth biochemistry, biophysics, after all, the Earth is very different astrophysics, celestial chemistry, biophysics and astrophysics, biochemistry and other celestial bodies. Therefore, you must be familiar with and adapt to these differences and changes.

 

Osteoporosis and its complications ranked first in the space of disease risk.

  

Long-term health risks associated with flying Topics

  

The degree of influence long-term biological effects of radiation in human flight can withstand the radiation and the maximum limit of accumulated radiation on physiology, pathology and genetics.

 

Physiological effects of weightlessness including: long-term bone loss and a return flight after the maximum extent and severity of the continued deterioration of other pathological problems induced by the; maximum flexibility and severity of possible long-term Flight Center in vascular function.

 

Long-term risk of disease due to the high risk of flight stress, microbial variation, decreased immune function, leading to infections

 

Radiation hazards and protection

    

1) radiation medicine, biology and pathway effects Features

  

Radiation protection for interplanetary flight, since the lack of protective effect of Earth's magnetic field, and by the irradiation time is longer, the possibility of increased radiation hazard.

       

Analysis of space flight medical problems that may occur, loss of appetite topped the list, sleep disorders, fatigue and insomnia, in addition, space sickness, musculoskeletal system problems, eye problems, infections problems, skin problems and cardiovascular problems

  

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Development of diagnostic techniques in orbit, the development of the volume of power consumption, features a wide range of diagnostic techniques, such as applied research of ultrasound diagnostic techniques in the abdominal thoracic trauma, bone, ligament damage, dental / sinus infections and other complications and integrated;

 

Actively explore in orbit disposal of medical technology, weightlessness surgical methods, development of special surgical instruments, the role of narcotic drugs and the like.

  

——————————————————————————————-

 

However, space technology itself is integrated with the use of the most advanced technology, its challenging technical reserves and periodic demanding

 

With the continuous development of science and technology, space agencies plan a manned landing on the moon and Mars, space exploration emergency medicine current concern.

 

Space sickness

  

In the weightless environment of space, in the weightless environment of space, surgery may be extremely difficult and risky.

  

Robot surgeons

 

Space disease in three days after entering the space started to ease, although individual astronauts might subsequently relapse. January 2015 NASA declared working on a fast, anti-nausea and nasal sprays. In addition, due to the zero-gravity environment, and anti-nausea drugs can only be administered by injection or transdermal patches manner.

        

Manned spaceflight in the 21st century is the era of interplanetary flight, aerospace medicine is closely watched era is the era of China's manned space flourish. Only the central issue, and grasp the opportunity to open up a new world of human survival and development.

 

Various emergency contingency measures in special circumstances. Invisible accident risk prevention. Enhancing drugs and other screening methods immunity aerospace medicine and tissue engineering a microgravity environment. Drug mixture of APS, ginseng polysaccharides, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, polysaccharides and Lentinan, from other compounds. Drug development space syndrome drug, chemical structure modification will be an important part.

These issues are very sensitive, cutting-edge technology is a major difficulty landing on Mars. Countries in the world, especially the world's major space powers in the country strategies and technical research, the results of all kinds continue to emerge. United States, Russia, China, Europe, India, Japan and other countries is different. United States, Russia extraordinary strength. Many patented technology and health, and most belong to the top-secret technology. Especially in aerospace engineering and technological achievements is different from the general scientific literature, practical, commercial, industrial great, especially the performance of patents, know-how, technical drawings, engineering design and other aspects. Present Mars and return safely to Earth, the first manned, significance, everything is hard in the beginning, especially the first person to land on Mars This Mars for Human Sciences Research Mars, the moon, the earth, the solar system and the universe, life and other significant. Its far greater than the value of direct investments and business interests.

 

In addition, it is the development of new materials, suitable for deep space operations universe, life, and other detection, wider field.

Many aerospace materials, continuous research and development of materials are key areas of aerospace development, including material rocket, the spacecraft materials, the suit materials, radiation materials, materials and equipment, instruments, materials and so on biochemistry.

Temperature metal-based compound with a metal matrix composite body with a more primordial higher temperature strength, creep resistance, impact resistance, thermal fatigue and other excellent high temperature performance.

In B, C, SiC fiber reinforced Ti3Al, TiAl, Ni3Al intermetallic matrix composites, etc.

W Fiber Reinforced with nickel-based, iron-based alloys as well as SiC, TiB2, Si3N4 and BN particle reinforced metal matrix composites

High temperature service conditions require the development of ceramic and carbon-based composite materials, etc., not in this eleven Cheung said.

  

Fuel storage

  

In order to survive in space, people need many things: food, oxygen, shelter, and, perhaps most importantly, fuel. The initial quality Mars mission somewhere around 80 percent of the space launch humans will be propellant. The fuel amount of storage space is very difficult.

  

This difference in low Earth orbit cause liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen - rocket fuel - vaporization.

Hydrogen is particularly likely to leak out, resulting in a loss of about 4% per month.

  

When you want to get people to Mars speed to minimize exposure to weightlessness and space radiation hazards

 

Mars

 

Landings on the Martian surface, they realized that they reached the limit. The rapid expansion of the thin Martian atmosphere can not be very large parachute, such as those that will need to be large enough to slow down, carry human spacecraft.

Therefore, the parachute strong mass ratio, high temperature resistance, Bing shot performance and other aspects of textile materials used have special requirements, in order to make a parachute can be used in rockets, missiles, Yu arrows spacecraft and other spacecraft recovery, it is necessary to improve the canopy heat resistance, a high melting point polymeric fiber fabric used, the metal fabric, ceramic fiber fabrics, and other devices.

  

Super rigid parachute to help slow the landing vehicle.

Spacecraft entered the Martian atmosphere at 24,000 km / h. Even after slowing parachute or inflatable, it will be very

  

Once we have the protection of the Earth magnetic field, the solar radiation will accumulate in the body, a huge explosion threw the spacecraft may potentially lethal doses of radiation astronauts.

  

In addition to radiation, the biggest challenge is manned trip to Mars microgravity, as previously described.

  

The moon is sterile. Mars is another case entirely.

 

With dust treatment measures.

  

Arid Martian environment to create a super-tiny dust particles flying around the Earth for billions of years.

 

Apollo moon dust encountered. Ultra-sharp and abrasive lunar dust was named something that can clog the basic functions of mechanical damage. High chloride salt, which can cause thyroid problems in people.

 

*** Mars geological structure and geological structure of the moon, water on Mars geology, geology of the Moon is very important, because he, like the Earth's geology is related to many important issues. Water, the first element of life, air, temperature, and complex geological formations are geological structure. Cosmic geology research methods, mainly through a variety of detection equipment equipped with a space probe, celestial observations of atmospheric composition, composition and distribution of temperature, pressure, wind speed, vertical structure, composition of the solar wind, the water, the surface topography and Zoning, topsoil the composition and characteristics of the component surface of the rock, type and distribution, stratigraphic sequence, structural system and the internal shell structure.

 

Mars internal situation only rely on its surface condition of large amounts of data and related information inferred. It is generally believed that the core radius of 1700 km of high-density material composition; outsourcing a layer of lava, it is denser than the Earth's mantle some; outermost layer is a thin crust. Compared to other terrestrial planets, the lower the density of Mars, which indicates that the Martian core of iron (magnesium and iron sulfide) with may contain more sulfur. Like Mercury and the Moon, Mars and lack active plate movement; there is no indication that the crust of Mars occurred can cause translational events like the Earth like so many of folded mountains. Since there is no lateral movement in the earth's crust under the giant hot zone relative to the ground in a stationary state. Slight stress coupled with the ground, resulting in Tharis bumps and huge volcano. For the geological structure of Mars is very important, which is why repeated explorations and studies of Martian geological reasons.

  

Earth's surface

 

Each detector component landing site soil analysis:

 

Element weight percent

Viking 1

Oxygen 40-45

Si 18-25

Iron 12-15

K 8

Calcium 3-5

Magnesium 3-6

S 2-5

Aluminum 2-5

Cesium 0.1-0.5

Core

Mars is about half the radius of the core radius, in addition to the primary iron further comprises 15 to 17% of the sulfur content of lighter elements is also twice the Earth, so the low melting point, so that the core portion of a liquid, such as outside the Earth nuclear.

 

Mantle

Nuclear outer coating silicate mantle.

 

Crust

The outermost layer of the crust.

Crustal thickness obtained, the original thickness of the low north 40 km south plateau 70 kilometers thick, an average of 50 kilometers, at least 80 km Tharsis plateau and the Antarctic Plateau, and in the impact basin is thin, as only about 10 kilometers Greece plains.

  

Canyon of Mars there are two categories: outflow channels (outflow channel) and tree valley (valley network). The former is very large, it can be 100 km wide, over 2000 km long, streamlined, mainly in the younger Northern Hemisphere, such as the plain around Tyre Chris Canyon and Canyon jam.

 

In addition, the volcanic activity sometimes lava formation lava channels (lava channel); crustal stress generated by fissures, faults, forming numerous parallel extending grooves (fossa), such as around the huge Tharsis volcanic plateau radially distributed numerous grooves, which can again lead to volcanic activity.

  

Presumably, Mars has an iron as the main component of the nucleus, and contains sulfur, magnesium and other light elements, the nuclear share of Mars, the Earth should be relatively small. The outer core is covered with a thick layer of magnesium-rich silicate mantle, the surface of rocky crust. The density of Earth-like planets Mars is the lowest, only 3.93g / cc.

Hierarchy

  

The crust

  

Lunar core

The average density of the Moon is 3.3464 g / cc, the solar system satellites second highest (after Aiou). However, there are few clues mean lunar core is small, only about 350 km radius or less [2]. The core of the moon is only about 20% the size of the moon, the moon's interior has a solid, iron-rich core diameter of about 240 kilometers (150 miles); in addition there is a liquid core, mainly composed of iron outer core, about 330 km in diameter (205 miles), and for the first time compared with the core of the Earth, considered as the earth's outer core, like sulfur and oxygen may have lighter elements [4].

 

Chemical elements on the lunar surface constituted in accordance with its abundance as follows: oxygen (O), silicon (Si), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), titanium ( Ti). The most abundant is oxygen, silicon and iron. The oxygen content is estimated to be 42% (by weight). Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) only traces seem to exist only in trace amounts deposited in the solar wind brings.

 

Lunar Prospector from the measured neutron spectra, the hydrogen (H) mainly in the lunar poles [2].

 

Element content (%)

Oxygen 42%

Silicon 21%

Iron 13%

Calcium 8%

Aluminum 7%

Magnesium 6%

Other 3%

 

Lunar surface relative content of each element (% by weight)

  

Moon geological history is an important event in recent global magma ocean crystallization. The specific depth is not clear, but some studies have shown that at least a depth of about 500 kilometers or more.

 

Lunar landscape

Lunar landscape can be described as impact craters and ejecta, some volcanoes, hills, lava-filled depressions.

  

Regolith

TABLE bear the asteroid and comets billions of years of bombardment. Over time, the impact of these processes have already broken into fine-grained surface rock debris, called regolith. Young mare area, regolith thickness of about 2 meters, while the oldest dated land, regolith thickness of up to 20 meters. Through the analysis of lunar soil components, in particular the isotopic composition changes can determine the period of solar activity. Solar wind gases possible future lunar base is useful because oxygen, hydrogen (water), carbon and nitrogen is not only essential to life, but also may be useful for fuel production. Lunar soil constituents may also be as a future source of energy.

Here, repeatedly stressed that the geological structure and geological structure of celestial bodies, the Earth, Moon, Mars, or that this human existence and development of biological life forms is very important, especially in a series of data Martian geological structure geological structure is directly related to human landing Mars and the successful transformation of Mars or not. for example, water, liquid water, water, oxygen, synthesis, must not be taken lightly.

  

____________________________________________________________----

 

Mars landing 10 Technology

 

Aerospace Science and space science and technology major innovation of the most critical of sophisticated technology R & D project

  

[

"1" rocket propulsion technology ion fusion nuclear pulse propulsion rocket powered high-speed heavy rocket technology, space nuclear reactors spacecraft] brought big problems reflected in the nuclear reaction, nuclear radiation on spacecraft launch, control, brakes and other impact.

In particular, for the future of nuclear power spacecraft, the need to solve the nuclear reactor design, manufacture, control, cooling, radiation shielding, exhaust pollution, high thermoelectric conversion efficiency and a series of technical problems.

In particular, nuclear reactors produce radiation on astronauts' health will pose a great threat, which requires the spacecraft to be nuclear radiation shielding to ensure astronaut and ship the goods from radiation and heat from the reactor influence, but this will greatly increase the weight of the detector.

Space nuclear process applications, nuclear reaction decay is not a problem, but in a vacuum, ultra-low temperature environment, the nuclear reaction materials, energy transport materials have very high demands.

Space facing the reality of a nuclear reactor cooling cooling problems. To prevent problems with the reactor, "Washington" aircraft carrier to take four heavy protective measures for the radiation enclosed in the warship. These four measures are: the fuel itself, fuel storage pressure vessel, reactor shell and the hull. US Navy fuel all metal fuel, designed to take the impact resistance of the war, does not release fission product can withstand more than 50 times the gravity of the impact load; product of nuclear fission reactor fuel will never enter loop cooling water. The third layer of protection is specially designed and manufactured the reactor shell. The fourth layer is a very strong anti-impact combat ship, the reactor is arranged in the center of the ship, very safe. Engage in a reactor can only be loaded up to the aircraft, so as to drive the motor, and then drive the propeller. That is the core advantage of the heat generated by the heated gas flow, high temperature high pressure gas discharge backward, thereby generating thrust.

  

.

  

After installation AMPS1000 type nuclear power plant, a nuclear fuel assembly: He is a core member of the nuclear fuel chain reaction. Usually made into uranium dioxide, of which only a few percent uranium-235, and most of it is not directly involved in the nuclear fission of uranium 238. The uranium dioxide sintered into cylindrical pieces, into a stainless steel or a zirconium alloy do metal tubes called fuel rods or the original, then the number of fuel rods loaded metal cylinder in an orderly composition of the fuel assembly, and finally put a lot of vertical distribution of fuel assemblies in the reactor.

 

Nuclear reactor pressure vessel is a housing for containing nuclear fuel and reactor internals, for producing high-quality high-strength steel is made to withstand the pressure of dozens MPa. Import and export of the coolant in the pressure vessel.

 

The top of the pressure vessel closure, and can be used to accommodate the fixed control rod drive mechanism, pressure vessel head has a semi-circular, flat-topped.

 

Roof bolt: used to connect the locking pressure vessel head, so that the cylinder to form a completely sealed container.

  

Neutron Source: Plug in nuclear reactors can provide sufficient neutron, nuclear fuel ignition, to start to enhance the role of nuclear reactors and nuclear power. Neutron source generally composed of radium, polonium, beryllium, antimony production. Neutron source and neutron fission reactors are fast neutron, can not cause fission of uranium 235, in order to slow down, we need to moderator ---- full of pure water in a nuclear reactor. Aircraft carriers, submarines use nuclear reactor control has proven more successful.

 

Rod: has a strong ability to absorb neutrons, driven by the control rod drive mechanism, can move up and down in a nuclear reactor control rods within the nuclear fuel used to start, shut down the nuclear reactor, and maintain, regulate reactor power. Hafnium control rods in general, silver, indium, cadmium and other metals production.

 

Control rod drive mechanism: He is the executive body of nuclear reactors operating system and security protection systems, in strict accordance with requirements of the system or its operator control rod drives do move up and down in a nuclear reactor, nuclear reactor for power control. In a crisis situation, you also can quickly control rods fully inserted into the reactor in order to achieve the purpose of the emergency shutdown

 

Upper and lower support plate: used to secure the fuel assembly. High temperature and pressure inside the reactor is filled with pure water (so called pressurized water reactors), on the one hand he was passing through a nuclear reactor core, cooling the nuclear fuel, to act as a coolant, on the other hand it accumulates in the pressure vessel in play moderated neutrons role, acting as moderator.

  

Water quality monitoring sampling system:

Adding chemical system: under normal circumstances, for adding hydrazine, hydrogen, pH control agents to the primary coolant system, the main purpose is to remove and reduce coolant oxygen, high oxygen water suppression equipment wall corrosion (usually at a high temperature oxygen with hydrogen, especially at low temperatures during startup of a nuclear reactor with added hydrazine oxygen); when the nuclear reactor control rods stuck for some reason can not shutdown time by the the system can inject the nuclear reactor neutron absorber (such as boric acid solution), emergency shutdown, in order to ensure the safety of nuclear submarines.

 

Water system: a loop inside the water will be reduced at work, such as water sampling and analysis, equipment leaks, because the shutdown process cooling water and reduction of thermal expansion and contraction.

 

Equipment cooling water system:

Pressure safety systems: pressure reactor primary coolant system may change rapidly for some reason, the need for effective control. And in severe burn nuclear fuel rods, resulting in a core melt accident, it is necessary to promptly increase the pressure. Turn the regulator measures the electric, heating and cooling water. If necessary, also temporary startup booster pump.

 

Residual Heat Removal System: reactor scram may be due to an accident, such as when the primary coolant system of the steam generator heat exchanger tube is damaged, it must be urgently closed reactors.

 

Safety Injection System: The main components of this system is the high-pressure injection pump.

 

Radioactive waste treatment systems:

 

Decontamination Systems: for the removal of radioactive deposits equipment, valves, pipes and accessories, and other surfaces.

 

Europe, the United States and Russia and other countries related to aircraft carriers, submarines, icebreakers, nuclear-powered research aircraft, there are lots of achievements use of nuclear energy, it is worth analysis. However, nuclear reactor technology, rocket ships and the former are very different, therefore, requires special attention and innovative research. Must adopt a new new design techniques, otherwise, fall into the stereotype, it will avail, nothing even cause harm Aerospace.

 

[ "2" spacecraft structure]

 

[ "3"] radiation technology is the use of deep-sea sedimentation fabric fabrics deepwater technology development precipitated silver metal fibers or fiber lint and other materials and micronaire value between 4.1 to 4.3 fibers made from blends. For radiation protection field, it greatly enhances the effects of radiation and service life of clothing. Radiation resistant fiber) radiation resistant fiber - fiber polyimide polyimide fibers

60 years the United States has successfully developed polyimide fibers, it has highlighted the high temperature, radiation-resistant, fire-retardant properties.

 

[ "4" cosmic radiation resistant clothing design multifunctional anti-aging, wear underwear] ① comfort layer: astronauts can not wash clothes in a long flight, a lot of sebum, perspiration, etc. will contaminate underwear, so use soft, absorbent and breathable cotton knitwear making.

 

② warm layer: at ambient temperature range is not the case, warm layer to maintain a comfortable temperature environment. Choose warm and good thermal resistance large, soft, lightweight material, such as synthetic fibers, flakes, wool and silk and so on.

 

③ ventilation and cooling clothes clothes

Spacesuit

In astronaut body heat is too high, water-cooled ventilation clothing and clothing to a different way of heat. If the body heat production more than 350 kcal / h (ventilated clothes can not meet the cooling requirements, then that is cooled by a water-cooled suit. Ventilating clothing and water-cooled multi-use compression clothing, durable, flexible plastic tubing, such as polyvinyl chloride pipe or nylon film.

 

④ airtight limiting layer:

 

⑤ insulation: astronaut during extravehicular activities, from hot or cold insulation protection. It multilayer aluminized polyester film or a polyimide film and sandwiched between layers of nonwoven fabric to be made.

 

⑥ protective cover layer: the outermost layer of the suit is to require fire, heat and anti-space radiation on various factors (micrometeorites, cosmic rays, etc.) on the human body. Most of this layer with aluminized fabric.

New space suits using a special radiation shielding material, double design.

And also supporting spacesuit helmet, gloves, boots and so on.

  

[ "5" space - Aerospace biomedical technology, space, special use of rescue medication Space mental health care systems in space without damage restful sleep positions - drugs, simple space emergency medical system

]

[ "6" landing control technology, alternate control technology, high-performance multi-purpose landing deceleration device (parachute)]

 

[ "7" Mars truck, unitary Mars spacecraft solar energy battery super multi-legged (rounds) intelligent robot] multifunction remote sensing instruments on Mars, Mars and more intelligent giant telescope

 

[8 <> Mars warehouse activities, automatic Mars lander - Automatic start off cabin

]

[ "9" Mars - spacecraft docking control system, return to the system design]

 

Space flight secondary emergency life - support system

  

Spacecraft automatic, manual, semi-automatic operation control, remote control switch system

 

Automatic return spacecraft systems, backup design, the spacecraft automatic control operating system modular blocks of]

 

[10 lunar tracking control system

 

Martian dust storms, pollution prevention, anti-corrosion and other special conditions thereof

 

Electric light aircraft, Mars lander, Mars, living spaces, living spaces Mars, Mars entry capsule, compatible utilization technology, plant cultivation techniques, nutrition space - space soil]

 

Aerospace technology, space technology a lot, a lot of cutting-edge technology. Human landing on Mars technology bear the brunt. The main merge the human landing on Mars 10 cutting-edge technology, in fact, these 10 cutting-edge technology, covering a wide range, focused, and is the key to key technologies. They actually shows overall trends and technology Aerospace Science and Technology space technology. Human triumph Mars and safe return of 10 cutting-edge technology is bound to innovation. Moreover, in order to explore the human Venus, Jupiter satellites and the solar system, the Milky Way and other future development of science and laid the foundation guarantee. But also for the transformation of human to Mars, the Moon and other planets livable provides strong technical support. Aerospace Science and Technology which is a major support system.

 

Preparation of oxygen, water, synthesis, temperature, radiation, critical force confrontation. Regardless of the moon or Mars, survive three elements bear the brunt.

 

Chemical formula: H₂O

 

Formula: H-O-H (OH bond between two angle 104.5 °).

 

Molecular Weight: 18.016

 

Chemical Experiment: water electrolysis. Formula: 2H₂O = energized = 2H₂ ↑ + O₂ ↑ (decomposition)

 

Molecules: a hydrogen atom, an oxygen atom.

  

Ionization of water: the presence of pure water ionization equilibrium following: H₂O == == H⁺ + OH⁻ reversible or irreversible H₂O + H₂O = = H₃O⁺ + OH⁻.

 

NOTE: "H₃O⁺" hydronium ions, for simplicity, often abbreviated as H⁺, more accurate to say the H9O4⁺, the amount of hydrogen ion concentration in pure water material is 10⁻⁷mol / L.

 

Electrolysis of water:

 

Water at DC, decomposition to produce hydrogen and oxygen, this method is industrially prepared pure hydrogen and oxygen 2H₂O = 2H₂ ↑ + O₂ ↑.

 

. Hydration Reaction:

 

Water with an alkaline active metal oxides, as well as some of the most acidic oxide hydration reaction of unsaturated hydrocarbons.

 

Na₂O + H₂O = 2NaOH

 

CaO + H₂O = Ca (OH) ₂

 

SO₃ + H₂O = H₂SO₄

 

P₂O₅ + 3H₂O = 2H₃PO₄ molecular structure

 

CH₂ = CH₂ + H₂O ← → C₂H₅OH

  

6. The diameter of the order of magnitude of 10 water molecules negative power of ten, the water is generally believed that a diameter of 2 to 3 this organization. water

 

7. Water ionization:

 

In the water, almost no water molecules ionized to generate ions.

 

H₂O ← → H⁺ + OH⁻

 

Heating potassium chlorate or potassium permanganate preparation of oxygen

  

Pressurized at low temperatures, the air into a liquid, and then evaporated, since the boiling point of liquid nitrogen is -196 deg.] C, lower than the boiling point of liquid oxygen (-183 ℃), so the liquid nitrogen evaporated from the first air, remaining the main liquid oxygen.

Of course, the development of research in space there is a great difference, even more special preparation harsh environments on Earth and synthetic water and oxygen, over the need for more technological breakthroughs.

The main component of air oxygen and nitrogen. The use of oxygen and nitrogen with

Specific magazine.

Begin your search by using the network of concrete. Find a specific builder locator. You can find by area code or by state for entrepreneurs in your area, to create new concrete driveways and remodeling the walkways.

Other ways to drive an entrepreneur:

Look at the extravagant driveways in the neighbor area and get the contacts of the builders, who install the driveways and attract you most. Ensure to ask the owners about their experiences with the builders and the service of craftsmanship. Get referrals from friends or local builder’s .Obtain the contacts of the local yellow pages.

When you return with a wide list of builders contact, ensure to ask for a samples and a list of sample projects in your locality, that you can verify them easily. Also ask them that, how long they have been in concrete driveway installing business, if they are insured or not, if they achieve any expertise certifications, and whether they provide guarantee for their job etc.

What is the price of a concrete driveway made up stamp?

Your starting cost to make stamped concrete driveway is, in a range from $ 6 per sq ft for stamped concrete base (using a single model and color) to $ 15 or more per sq ft for the development of multi-pattern decoration with effects of special color (see Cost stamped concrete driveway). Although stamped driveway is more expensive than asphalt, which will have a much better performance for your invested money. Not only a driveway will last longer and it also requires minimum maintenance than other paving or decorated materials. It can help you to increase the resale valuation of your house, by extra adding of curb appeal.

Can people get a guarantee for their concrete driveway?

Yes! Various contractors provide guarantee of their job and you might be able to get an extended guarantee (three years or more) through your state association specific programs. Contractors and driveway producers joins in the program and be committed to the installation criteria and certain quality standards and also check for the time period of the warranty issues, which arise problem because of their negligence and mistakes.

What should people do if the color is not there what they expected?

It is unrealistic to expect that, your contractor can not able to make of exact perfection of your expected color from the sample in showrooms driveway, decorative concrete driveway.

How to repair your concrete driveway

While, it comes to a need of repairing concrete driveway, which normally should be left to professionals. But whether, you are in stylish and practical challenge, it is possible for a landlord to make some repairs in driveways.

Whether, the cracks are tiny in width then, use an asphalt sealer. If they are not tiny, use the patch of asphalt, which is also required to fill the holes. Read the instructions of the concrete driveway builders very carefully, because sometimes they give different kinds of instructions. Pay a great attention to the hole, if it is partially filled with the rocks or fully filled with the patch.After that, fill the hole unless and until you achieve about one inch layer from surface and then you should have to be tamped it with a part of wood. From there, normal sense will tell, if you need more patches and tampering.

What is sealer, it just use for - sealing the surface, just like paint or varnishing on the wood surface.

For the normal cracks, the most extravagant experts recommend mainly for NP1, which is a polyurethane caulking. This is more costly than some of caulking, but it lasts very longer.

The other product, which is being recommended like a plastic foam, backing rod, which mainly used to fill big cracks before caulking. This is also very vital, that the crack has to be swept and free from dirt before applying the sealer, to get a good grip. The normal time Caulk takes as 24 hours to proper setting. But to filling the cracks, it is being properly suggested that the expansion joint owner of the seal between sections of concrete and permanent textures, have to be clear from water by seeping inside. An owner may desire to take a jobs in small plots, depending on their tolerance for concrete harm. Although, it is not always possible to obtain a perfect match, where the professionals are more expert to make it close as matching the new concrete driveway. Resurfacing or recolor or color of present concrete driveway is another choice to improve the appearance without great expense of installing new concrete driveway. Staining or recoloring concrete is a friendly approach.

Various people do not realize how hard it is to create concrete driveway. It looks charming at all. Although concrete work could be reasonable for people, it is difficult to repair a large number, that may be required for large projects, especially in a short period of time.

 

If you want to find the best deals in concrete driveway costs visit ConcreteDrivewayCost.com.au

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The Final Day of Racing At Brands Hatch for The Superprix Weekend and After a Really Busy and Scattered Set Of Races The Previous day it was time to see which of the Drivers could Brave the Circuit One Last Time and Take Home Either a Championship Win or a Victory in their Specific Race.

 

Lets Get Straight to the Results.

 

Classic Formula Ford/Historic Formula 3 (Race 2 Result)

 

Classic Formula Ford and Historic Formula 3 Were up First and it was Time to see who could be The one to take the Checkered Flag First when they crossed the Line.

 

In First Place was (Cameron Jackson) in his Winkelmann WDF2 with a Lap Time of 1:39.257 and a Top Speed of 86.59mph. A Fantastic Victory Cameron Showing Incredible Car Control and Commitment to Win the Race.

 

In Second Place was (Ben Tinkler) in his Van Diemen RF80 with a Lap Time of 1:39.986 and a Top Speed of 85.77mph. A Really Great Drive from Ben to stay so close to Cameron and Keep Him on his toes the entire Time while Fighting for the Lead of the Race.

 

In Third Place was (Jordan Harrison) in his Lola T540E with a Lap Time of 1:39.994 and a Top Speed of 85.54mph. A Really Wonderfully Deserved Third Place for Jordan Pushing that Lola for everything it Has got to gain Third Place. Well Done.

 

Three Fantastically Fast Drivers all with Incredible Speed and Talent Showcasing The Best of what they Bring to Brands Hatch Every Year. An Amazing Last Race to Witness. Congratulations to The Race Winner and Keep Trying Hard Everyone Else.

 

HGPCA Pre 66 Grand Prix Cars (Race 20)

 

Next It was The Historic Grand Prix Cars and with a Massive Turn out for them it looks like Another Cracking Race to see from Start till Finish. Lets see who came out on Top.

 

In First Place was (Sam Wilson) in his Lotus 18 with a Lap Time of 1:39.384 and a Top Speed of 86.55mph. Amazing Work Sam Showing Colin Chapman How it Should be Done. He would have been Proud to Witness that Victory.

 

In Second Place was (Peter Horsman) in his Lotus 18/21 with a Lap Time of 1:41.296 and A Top Speed of 84.90mph. A Fantastic Drive by Peter to take Second Place in the Race.

 

In Third Place was (Miles Griffiths) in his Scarab Offenhauser with A Lap Time of 1:41.501 and A Top Speed of 84.38mph A Really Good Job there Miles Almost Matching Lap Times with Peter and Showing Some Incredible Car Control during The Race.

 

Another Fantastic Race for The Historic Grand Prix Cars and a Huge Congratulations to Sam for Taking Victory in the Last Race. Avery Well Done to Both Peter and Miles as well.

 

HSCC 70's Road Sports (Race 19)

 

Historic Road Sports took to the Track next and with some Legendary Cars from the Likes of Lotus Morgan and TVR it was Time to see who Had Stormed to Victory in the Last Race and Taken the Victory.

 

In First Place was (William Plant) in his Morgan Plus 8 with A Lap Time of 1:45.768 and A Top Speed of 70.67mph. Congratulations William on the Victory it was so Good to See a Morgan Take First Place while Watching this Exciting Race. An Amazing Drive.

 

In Second Place was (Jim Dean) in his Lotus Europa with A Lap Time of 1:46.411 and A Top Speed of 70.66mph. Another Incredible Drive from Jim to Take Second Place. Well Done

 

In Third Place was (Richard Plant) in his Morgan Plus 8 with A Lap Time of 1:47.697 and a Top Speed of 70.31mph. A Very Committed Drive from Richard and a Fantastic Third Place Finish that I'm sure the Whole Family will be Proud of.

 

Fantastic Racing from the 70's Road Sports to Finish the Days Racing for them Congratulations to William, Jim and Richard. Hope to see you Three Battling it out Again Soon.

 

Aurora Trophy With Geoff Lees Trophy

 

The Arora Trophy Roared onto the Grand Prix Circuit Next with Powerful V8 Engines thease Racing Cars could make the Ground Shake as they Thunder their way around the Race Track. Lets see who Managed to take that All Important Victory for their Final Race.

 

In First Place was (Martin Stretton) in his March 712 with a Lap Time of 1:25.976 and A Top Speed of 101mph. A Very Brave and Committed drive from Martin to Take Victory, Really Pushing the March to its Limits and hanging onto the Lead thought the Race.

 

In Second Place was (Mathew Wrigley) in his March 782 with a Lap Time of 1:25.127 and A Top Speed of 100.96mph. Another Incredible Driver Taking his Machinery to New heights and Keeping the March Name Alive in Historic Racing. Amazing Work Mathew.

 

In Third Place was (Samuel Harrison) in his Dallara 389 with A Lap Time of 1:29.552 and A Top Speed of 95.04mph. Amazing work Sam showing Insane Car Control even when Racing so Fast and for such A Long Time. Congratulations.

 

Another Amazing Race to Keep the Day going and showing the Amazing work that Each Team Does to ensure that their Driver and His Car are Ready to go. Well Done to all of the Teams and to the First Second and Third Place Winners as well. Looking Forward To seeing more Action this Year from the Aurora Trophy.

 

Guards Trophy (Race 21)

 

Next Up Guards Trophy with Another Range of Racing Machines from the Likes of Brabham Chevron and Lotus Lets see what will Happen and Who will be able to Drive their way to Victory in This Race.

 

In First Place was (Andy Newall) in his Chevron B6 with A Lap Time of 1:38.258 and A Top Speed of 83.84mph. Very Well Driven and Raced by Andy Showcasing the Power of the Chevron and taking it too its Limits in terms of Raw Speed and Performance.

 

In Second Place was the Duo of (Jackson S and Jackson C) in their Lenham P70 with A Lap Time of 1:38.008 and A Top Speed of 83.45mph. Fantastic Work to The Two Jacks who Really showed what Working Together Can Achieve during A Race. Well Done

 

In Third Place was the Duo of (Mitchell W and Mitchell B) in their Chevron B8 with A Lap Time of 1:38.368 and A Top Speed of 82.49mph. Another Amazing Duo who Have Taken Third Place and Kept the Fight Alive in their Respective Championship. Amazing work.

 

A Fantastic Race for the Guards Trophy Showing the Power of Each Race Car and what they Are Capable of When put into The Hands of the Right Drivers. Congratulations to Andy Mitchell W and Mitchell B as well as Jackson S and Jackson C for putting on One Hell of a Race. Keep up the Good Work Everyone Else and Never Stop Fighting for your Own Victories.

 

Historic Formula Ford (Race 16)

 

Next Up was Historic Formula Ford and some very Twitchy and Tricky Cars to be Driven Round the Circuit at Hight Speed. With Light Weight Chassis and Small Cockpits this was going to be a Very Exciting Race to Watch. Lets see who Came out Best of the Rest.

 

In First Place was (Cameron Jackson) in his Winkelmann WDF2 with A Lap Time of 1:38.596 and A Top Speed of 87.95mph. Another Incredible Drive From Cameron to Take Victory and show what A Truly Committed and Self Determined Driver is. He is an Inspiration to All Up Coming Formula Ford Racers.

 

In Second Place was (Tom Macarthur) in his Titan MK3 with A Lap Time of 1:38.484 and A Top Speed of 87.94mph. Another Really Brave and Heroic Driver Pushing His Formula Ford to its Limits and Keeping his Eye's on the Race Track. Amazing Work Tom.

 

In Third Place was (Horatio Fitzsimon) in his Merlin MK20A with A Lap Time of 1:38.513 And A Top Speed of 87.90mph. Very Well Done Horatio Fantastic Driving and A Well Deserved Third Place.

 

An Amazing Final Heat Race for the Formula Fords with Everyone Pushing As Hard as they Could for Victory. Keep Working Hard Everyone and Congratulations to Cameron Tom and Horatio.

 

Historic Road Sports (Race 17)

 

Historic Road Sports Next and it was Time to see what Each Driver could do in their Respective Race Car. Lets see how things Stacked up and who Came out on Top in the Race.

 

In First Place was (Kevin Kivlochan) in his AC Cobra with a Lap Time of 1:46.891 and A Top Speed of 72.19mph. What A Drive From Kevin to Take Victory Keeping that Cobra Far Ahead of the Rest of the Pack and Taking A Dominant Victory. Carol Shelby would have Loved to See That.

 

In Second Place was (John Davidson) in his Lotus Elan S1 with A Lap Time of 1:46.052 And A Top Speed of 72.16mph. Amazing Work John Keeping that Lotus on the Tarmac and Putting on One Hell of a Race for Everyone. Amazing Job.

 

In Third Place was (Rupert Ashdown) in his Lotus Elan S1 with A Lap Time of 1:47.481and A Top Speed of 71.61mph. Another Incredible Drive by Rupert Taking Third Place Very Well Deserved.

 

Historic Road Sports putting on Another Superb Race for the Season and Congratulations to Kevin John and Rupert on their Victories. Hope to see More of that This Year and Good Luck to Everyone Else Racing too.

 

Historic Touring Cars (Race 22)

 

The Final Race of The Day was Here and The Historic Touring Car Club did not Disappoint with Lotus Cortina's Mini Cooper S's and Ford Mustangs This was going to be a Final Battle of Titans. Lets See Who Managed to Take that Last Checkered Flag of the Day.

 

In First Place was (Steve Soper) in his Ford Mustang with A Lap Time of 1.47.084 and A Top Speed of 71.51mph. Awesome Drive Steve Fantastic to see that He Still has it in him After all The Years of Racing.

 

In Second Place was (Rob Fen) in his Ford Mustang with A Lap Time of 1:49.031 and A Top Speed of 70.93mph. Amazing Work Rob Pushing that Mustang Far and Wide to Hang onto that Second Place. Excellent Drive.

 

In Third Place was (Mark Martin in his Ford Lotus Cortina with A Lap Time of 1:49.905 and A Top Speed of 70.70mph. Very Well Done Mark Great Driving and Even a Wheel in the Air on Some Occasions Heading onto the Grand Prix Loop. What A Sight that Was to See.

 

And With that The Days Events came to an End for another year of Superprix Racing at Brands Hatch Amazing work to all of the Organisers and Race Drivers who took Part and Congratulations once again to all of the Race Winners. Keep Fighting Keep Wining and I'm Sure we will do it All Again Next Year.

Site specific theatre theater performance perform performance art

site-specific theatricality installation site specific create process San Francisco bay area

Poland Prague Cargo Ship Art ship Theatrical

Theatrically devised collaborate collaborative

collaboratively thetre thatre theter theatr theate

teatr divadlo predstaveni predstavani ensemble work

artwork scultpture installation umeni compose composed

composer hudba react reaction place site room

performed Boston New York Los Angeles experimental

avant garde experiment performative installation

instalation install sculpt puppet puppeteer oakland

company scrap and salvage James Mulligan Rafal

Klopotowski Emiko Lewis Frank Lee Erin Blendu Eric

ANdler Molly Rhodes Emily Rosenthal Allison Wyper

bluespace 1000 van ness 1k this end up #3 hold piwnica

marchewy lorca project

 

To improve the quality of taxi transport in Ouagadougou, specific promoters have attempted to set up fleets of vehicles with a certain level of comfort. This choice is justified given the dilapidation of the city's green taxi fleet, which, in 2025, is primarily made up of Mercedes-Benz 190Ds from the 1980s and 1990s. Despite the quality of the vehicles and the service (cleanliness, air conditioning, insurance ...), all experiments failed. This is probably due to costs and transport provided by other means by the target clientele (business tourism in particular). Note the nostalgia for Vespa, who parked his vehicle before the advertisement.

 

Dans le souci d'améliorer la qualité des transports en taxi dans la ville de Ouagadougou, certains promoteurs ont tenté de mettre en place des flottes de véhicules d'un certain confort. Ce choix se justifie au vu de la vétusté du parc de taxis verts de la ville qui, en 2025 est très largement composé de Mercedes-Benz 190D des années 1980 et 1990. Malgré la qualité des véhicules et du service (propreté, climatisation, assurances...), toutes les expériences se sont soldées par des échecs. Probablement en raison des coûts et du transport assuré par d'autres moyens par la clientèle visée (tourisme d'affaires notamment). A noter le nostalgique de la Vespa qui a garé son véhicule devant la publicité.

Site specific theatre theater performance perform performance art

site-specific theatricality installation site specific create process San Francisco bay area

Poland Prague Cargo Ship Art ship Theatrical

Theatrically devised collaborate collaborative

collaboratively thetre thatre theter theatr theate

teatr divadlo predstaveni predstavani ensemble work

artwork scultpture installation umeni compose composed

composer hudba react reaction place site room

performed Boston New York Los Angeles experimental

avant garde experiment performative installation

instalation install sculpt puppet puppeteer oakland

company scrap and salvage James Mulligan Rafal

Klopotowski Emiko Lewis Frank Lee Erin Blendu Eric

ANdler Molly Rhodes Emily Rosenthal Allison Wyper

bluespace 1000 van ness 1k this end up #3 hold piwnica

marchewy lorca project

 

site-specific gecomponeerde totaalcollage

 

Nest heeft Wineke Gartz gevraagd een presentatie te maken binnen de Nestarchyserie die de afgelopen jaren is ontstaan en waarbinnen kunstenaars de complete tentoonstellingsruimte van Nest ter beschikking krijgen om mee aan de slag te gaan. Sinds Wineke Gartz in 1998 afstudeerde aan de Rijksakademie heeft ze een consistente carrière opgebouwd met installaties vol overlappende beelden, architectonische ingrepen, materialen en projecties.

 

Wineke Gartz heeft voor de kust van Scheveningen videomateriaal geschoten. Dat materiaal zal vermengd worden met materiaal van de kust van China waar ze enige tijd verbleef, en met filmfoto’s van Hollywoodsterren (de HotFreaks uit de titel), daklozen, bezinningscursussen, zelfportretten en performances uit Los Angeles. Het valt te verwachten dat het geheel een grote bewegende collage zal worden waarin alle oorspronkelijke ingrediënten hun oorsprong grotendeels verliezen en verworden tot een typische Wineke Gartz hallucinatie die de bezoeker een totaalervaring biedt en kan leiden tot een staat van trance. Tegelijkertijd worden esoterische clichés vermeden en doet het hedendaagse dagelijks leven volop mee.

 

Wineke Gartz exhibits in the Netherlands and in various countries worldwide. Her site-specific installations consist of complex overlays of imagery and media, often with the use of music and multiple video and slides projections and with the integral use of the architectural space. Her parallel realities include mixing the ordinary with the heroic, creating an almost hallucinatory experience. Her subjects relate to psychology, beauty, death, illusions and perception, nature versus urban life, art and mass media. Gartz is interested in the combination of spirituality, art and science. Currently she is developing video lectures about her work and started to collaborate with musicians.

Asian Development Bank (ADB) President Takehiko Nakao and his team discussed with Socioeconomic Planning Secretary Ernesto M. Pernia, the country’s macroeconomic prospects, specific sectoral policies, and the ADB’s plans and ongoing projects for the Philippines, during a courtesy call last August 7 in NEDA Central Office, Pasig City.

 

Pernia said that the country is expected to grow between 6.5 and 6.7 percent for 2016, citing that the 5.1 percent needed for the second semester to achieve a 6 percent growth is very much achievable.

 

For fiscal policies, Pernia said that government will continue the good performance of the previous administration, but will improve taxation to make it progressive, more equitable and competitive.

 

A tax policy reform bill will also be submitted to Congress within the year and will be composed of three packages. The first package, which covers personal income will be submitted to Congress in November at the latest and is hoped to take effect in the second quarter of 2017. This will be compensated by new taxes on oil and other items and will result in PHP167 billion net income.

 

On other issues and policies, Pernia said that the budget for infrastructure will be increased to 5 percent and subsequently to 7 percent. On agriculture, he said the government also needs to diversify the sector in order to produce high-value products instead of trying to achieve rice self-sufficiency.

 

Currently, ADB is working with the Philippines on several social protection initiatives such as the conditional cash transfer, water projects, and community-driven financing. On infrastructure, ADB is also engaged with government on the south line of the North-South Railway Project.

 

The organization is also planning to provide policy-based lending for local government finance and for the Mindanao road project.

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