View allAll Photos Tagged skyglow
Come la precedente, con l'aggiunta nell'elaborazione di alcuni scatti con un filtro h-alpha baader da 35nm :) ora la pianto ehh
Ho utilizzato una camera GSO 6" f/9 Ritchey-Chrétien - 152/1370mm
41 scatti a tempi variabili (min 30 sec max 10 minuti) con Filtro Broadband Skyglow Orion, 9 darkframe - 2 ore e 48 di posa totali. Su HEQ5 synscan e autoguida LVI 2 - Canon eos 50Da ad iso 1600
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33 scatti a tempi variabili (min 15 sec max 11min - 1000 Iso) con filtro narrowband h-alpha da 35nm, 19 darkframe - 2 ore e 22 di posa totale. Il risultato sono oltre 5 ore di posa complessive :D
dal terrazzino di casa, ad Asti (italia)
Imaging telescope or lens:Astro Tech AT66ED
Imaging camera:Canon T1i Full Spectrum
Mount:Celestron CG-4 MotorDrive
Guiding telescope or lens:MEADE 50mm Finder Guidescope
Guiding camera:ZWO ASI120MM
Focal reducer:Astro Tech 0.8x Reducer/Flattener
Software:Astro Pixel Processor, Open Guiding PHD2 Guiding, Adobe Photoshop CS4 Photoshop CS4
Filter:Orion SkyGlow Imaging Filter
Resolution: 3450x5363
Dates:Sept. 3, 2019
Frames:Orion SkyGlow Imaging Filter: 335x60" ISO1600
Integration: 5.6 hours
Darks: ~60
Bias: ~60
Avg. Moon age: 4.65 days
Avg. Moon phase: 22.57%
Bortle Dark-Sky Scale: 4.00
Astrometry.net job: 2903560
RA center: 51.897 degrees
DEC center: 49.432 degrees
Pixel scale: 2.971 arcsec/pixel
Orientation: 93.459 degrees
Field radius: 2.631 degrees
Data source: Backyard
Equipment
Imaging Telescopes Or Lenses
Celestron EdgeHD 8"
Imaging Cameras
QHYCCD QHY163M
Mounts
Vixen GPDX
Accessories
Celestron 0.7X Reducer EdgeHD800 (94242)
Software
Adobe Photoshop · Aries Productions Astro Pixel Processor (APP) · Open PHD Guiding Project PHD2 · Stefan Berg Nighttime Imaging 'N' Astronomy (N.I.N.A. / NINA)
Guiding Telescopes Or Lenses
SVBony SV106 60mm Guide Scope
Guiding Cameras
ZWO ASI120MM
Acquisition details
Dates:
Aug. 29, 2022
Frames:
Blue: 20×120″(40′) bin 2×2
Ha filter: 20×120″(40′) bin 2×2
Orion SkyGlow Imaging Filter: 135×120″(4h 30′) -10°C bin 2×2
Svbony OIII 7nm 2": 25×120″(50′) bin 2×2
Integration:
6h 40′
Darks:
100
Bias:
100
Avg. Moon age:
2.05 days
Avg. Moon phase:
4.68%
Basic astrometry details
Astrometry.net job: 6457325
RA center: 01h52m28s.8
DEC center: +36°09′46″
Pixel scale: 0.518 arcsec/pixel
Orientation: 252.170 degrees
Field radius: 0.429 degrees
Find images in the same area
Resolution: 4670x3696
File size: 16.4 MB
Data source: Backyard
A new milestone: 309 subs over two nights, fully autonomously running, and all 100% good, not a single bad sub in the lot!
Next run it might catch fire or not even turn on, but still a remarkable event.
Equipment
Imaging Telescopes Or Lenses
Meade Starfinder 8 f/6 Newtonian OTA
Imaging Cameras
ZWO ASI1600MM
Mounts
Losmandy GM8 / GM8G
Filters
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2" · Meade Blue 2" · Meade Green 2" · Meade Red 2"
Accessories
Baader 2" MPCC Mark III Newton Coma Corrector (2458400A) · OnStep Telescope Mount Goto Controller · Rigel Systems Stepper motor
Software
Adobe Photoshop · Aries Productions Astro Pixel Processor (APP) · Open PHD Guiding Project PHD2 · Stefan Berg Nighttime Imaging 'N' Astronomy (N.I.N.A. / NINA)
Acquisition details
Frames:
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2": 179×120″(5h 58′)
Meade Blue 2": 40×120″(1h 20′)
Meade Green 2": 40×120″(1h 20′)
Meade Red 2": 40×120″(1h 20′)
Integration:
9h 58′
Basic astrometry details
Astrometry.net job: 8225300
RA center: 01h58m48s.5
DEC center: +60°10′08″
Pixel scale: 0.640 arcsec/pixel
Orientation: 83.441 degrees
Field radius: 0.500 degrees
Find images in the same area
Resolution: 3505x4397
File size: 14.9 MB
Data source: Backyard
Imaging telescope or lens:Meade Starfinder 8
Imaging camera:Canon T1i Full Spectrum
Mount:Losmandy GM-8
Guiding telescope or lens:MEADE 50mm Finder Guidescope
Guiding camera:ZWO ASI120MM
Software:DeepSky Stacker (DSS) DSS 3.3.2, Adobe Photoshop CS4 Photoshop CS4 , Stark Labs Nebulosity Nebulosity 2.1.2
Filter:Orion SkyGlow Imaging Filter
Resolution: 4764x7310
Dates: July 23, 2018
Frames: 129x60"
Integration: 2.1 hours
Avg. Moon age: 10.86 days
Avg. Moon phase: 83.68%
Astrometry.net job: 2166224
Data source: Backyard
Imaging telescope or lens:Astro Tech AT66ED
Imaging camera:Canon T1i Full Spectrum
Mount:Celestron CG-4 MotorDrive
Guiding telescope or lens:Takumar 200mm prime lens Takumar 200mm
Guiding camera:Orion StarShoot G3 Deep Space Monochrome Imaging Camera
Focal reducer:Astro Tech 0.8x Reducer/Flattener
Software:DeepSky Stacker (DSS) DSS 3.3.2, Open Guiding PHD2 Guiding, Adobe Photoshop CS4 Photoshop CS4 , Stark Labs Nebulosity Nebulosity 2.1.2
Filter:Orion SkyGlow Imaging Filter
Resolution: 4656x7451
Dates: Oct. 13, 2018
Frames: Orion SkyGlow Imaging Filter: 68x241" ISO1600
Integration: 4.6 hours
Darks: ~50
Avg. Moon age: 4.41 days
Avg. Moon phase: 20.46%
Bortle Dark-Sky Scale: 4.00
Astrometry.net job: 2326319
Data source: Backyard
Mosaic of 2 panels, each with similar exposure
Imaging telescope or lens:Takumar 55mm
Imaging camera:Canon 450D modified baader) Canon baader modified dslr
Mount:IOptron Skytracker pro
Software:Astro Pixel Processor, Adobe Photoshop CS4 Photoshop CS4
Filter:Orion SkyGlow Imaging Filter
Resolution: 3216x6077
Dates:Sept. 2, 2019
Frames: 221x60"
Integration: 3.7 hours
Avg. Moon age: 3.55 days
Avg. Moon phase: 13.61%
Data source: Backyard
The Andromeda Galaxy (15-8-2015)
Lights: 44x60s ISO1600
Darks: 12x60s ISO1600
Bias: 101x1/4000s ISO1600
Flats: 31x1/2s ISO1600
Skywatcher 200PDS
TS coma corrector / 0.95x reducer
Orion skyglow 2 inch LP filter
HEQ5 Pro (4:1 mod)
Nikon D90
EQAscom
Cartes du ciel
Pixinsight
DSS stacking
Move to PI
BackgroundNeutralization
DynamicCrop
DBE
HistogramTransformation
SCNR
CurvesTransformation
ColorSaturation
ACDNR
Starmask
MorphologicalTransformation
CurvesTransformation
Move to Gimp2
resize
add watermark
At the Minaret Summit a mile or so beyond the Mammoth Mountain Inn I arrived to shoot the sunrise. Just before the sun touched the tops of the peaks, the sky turned pink above a layer of blue. I zoomed out to include the tops of some evergreen trees and the dome of granite in the valley below.
orion widefield. taken from the LP capital of the world: oakland, CA.
canon 50d (unmodified) and canon 50mm f/1.2L lens, mounted on an orion sky view pro. astronomik CLS clip-in fliter. polar alignment using orion spotting scope. unguided.
night 1: 1m45s x 62f at ISO640 and f/3.2. 1h48m total.
night 2: 1m45s x 58f at ISO800 and f/5. 1h38m total.
night 1 and night 2 individually stacked in deepskystacker using auto-adaptive weighted average. 20 bias frames and 20 darks each.
then, night 1 final image and night 2 final image stacked together using average mode, for a total of 3h26min.
postprocessing in pixinsight 1.5:
- automatic background extraction to take care of a wicked sky gradient.
- deconvolution
- noise reduction
- 6 separate histogram stretches
then, image fusion of the 6 stretches using enfuse. this step is needed because M42 is so bright that it is completely blown out when the image is stretched enough to bring out barnard's loop.
final tweaks in lightroom 2.0; a little bit of color balancing and contrast adjustments.
lastly another run at noise reduction in noise ninja. if i knew how to use pixinsight better this would probably not be necessary.
notes:
this is kind of weak sauce and likely what you could get in just a few minutes of imaging from a dark site. also i should probably get a camera with the IR cut filter removed...
on night 1 i was anxious to get going since orion only clears the roof of my house about 11:30pm these days. i meant to shoot more to the left to pick up all of barnard's loop, but it was still obscured by my house.
it turns out that either i have a bad copy of this lens, or its just not well suited for astrophotography. even stopped down from its native f/1.2 to f/3.2, there is still a LOT of red CA. i may have been slightly misfocused as well. luckily it's just a rental, as it is a very expensive lens.
so on night 2 i stopped down to f/5, but cranked the ISO. the CA was reduced, but it's still there. i probably should have gone for longer exposures too. the only problem is that there's so much skyglow that i could probably only do 3 minutes tops even at f/5 without overexposing the bottom of the image.
having said all of that i'm sort of amazed to see the slightest bit of witch head goin' on over there.
i'll probably continue to work on this widefield over the coming months.
Twilight is light produced by sunlight scattering in the upper atmosphere, when the Sun is below the horizon, which illuminates the lower atmosphere and the Earth's surface. The word twilight can also refer to the periods of time when this illumination occurs.
The lower the Sun is beneath the horizon, the dimmer the twilight (other factors such as atmospheric conditions being equal). When the Sun reaches 18° below the horizon, the twilight's brightness is nearly zero, and evening twilight becomes nighttime. When the Sun again reaches 18° below the horizon, nighttime becomes morning twilight. Owing to its distinctive quality, primarily the absence of shadows and the appearance of objects silhouetted against the lit sky, twilight has long been popular with photographers and painters, who often refer to it as the blue hour, after the French expression l'heure bleue.
By analogy with evening twilight, the word twilight is also sometimes used metaphorically, to imply that something is losing strength and approaching its end. For example, very old people may be said to be "in the twilight of their lives". The collateral adjective for twilight is crepuscular, which may be used to describe the behavior of animals that are most active during this period.
Twilight is defined according to the solar elevation angle θs, which is the position of the geometric center of the Sun relative to the horizon. There are three established and widely accepted subcategories of twilight: civil twilight (nearest the horizon), nautical twilight, and astronomical twilight (farthest from the horizon).
Civil twilight is the time when the geometric center of the Sun is between the horizon and 6° below the horizon.
Civil twilight is the period when enough natural light remains that artificial light in towns and cities is not needed. In the United States' military, the initialisms BMCT (begin morning civil twilight, i.e., civil dawn) and EECT (end evening civil twilight, i.e., civil dusk) are used to refer to the start of morning civil twilight and the end of evening civil twilight, respectively. Civil dawn is preceded by morning nautical twilight and civil dusk is followed by evening nautical twilight.
Under clear weather conditions, civil twilight approximates the limit at which solar illumination suffices for the human eye to clearly distinguish terrestrial objects. Enough illumination renders artificial sources unnecessary for most outdoor activities. At civil dawn and at civil dusk sunlight clearly defines the horizon while the brightest stars and planets can appear. As observed from the Earth (see apparent magnitude), sky-gazers know Venus, the brightest planet, as the "morning star" or "evening star" because they can see it during civil twilight.
Lawmakers have enshrined the concept of civil twilight. Such statutes typically use a fixed period after sunset or before sunrise (most commonly 20–30 minutes), rather than how many degrees the Sun is below the horizon. Examples include when drivers of automobiles must turn on their headlights (called lighting-up time in the UK), when hunting is restricted, or when the crime of burglary is to be treated as nighttime burglary, which carries stiffer penalties in some jurisdictions.
The period may affect when extra equipment, such as anti-collision lights, is required for aircraft to operate. In the US, civil twilight for aviation is defined in Part 1.1 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) as the time listed in the American Air Almanac.
Nautical twilight is defined as when the geometric center of the Sun is between 12° and 6° below the horizon.
Before nautical dawn and after nautical dusk, sailors cannot navigate via the horizon at sea as they cannot clearly see the horizon. At nautical dawn and nautical dusk, the human eye finds it difficult, if not impossible, to discern traces of illumination near the sunset or sunrise point of the horizon (first light after nautical dawn but before civil dawn and nightfall after civil dusk but before nautical dusk).
Sailors can take reliable star sightings of well-known stars, during the stage of nautical twilight when they can distinguish a visible horizon for reference (i.e. after astronomic dawn or before astronomic dusk).
Under good atmospheric conditions with the absence of other illumination, during nautical twilight, the human eye may distinguish general outlines of ground objects but cannot participate in detailed outdoor operations.
Nautical twilight has military considerations as well. The initialisms BMNT (begin morning nautical twilight, i.e. nautical dawn) and EENT (end evening nautical twilight, i.e. nautical dusk) are used and considered when planning military operations. A military unit may treat BMNT and EENT with heightened security, e.g. by "standing to", in which everyone assumes a defensive position.
Astronomical twilight is defined as when the geometric center of the Sun is between 18° and 12° below the horizon.[3][4][2] During astronomical twilight, the sky is dark enough to permit astronomical observation of point sources of light such as stars, except in regions with more intense skyglow due to light pollution, moonlight, auroras, and other sources of light. Some critical observations, such as of faint diffuse items such as nebulae and galaxies, may require observation beyond the limit of astronomical twilight. Theoretically, the faintest stars detectable by the naked eye (those of approximately the sixth magnitude) will become visible in the evening at astronomical dusk, and become invisible at astronomical dawn.
Observers within about 48°34' of the Equator can view twilight twice each day on every date of the year between astronomical dawn, nautical dawn, or civil dawn, and sunrise as well as between sunset and civil dusk, nautical dusk, or astronomical dusk. This also occurs for most observers at higher latitudes on many dates throughout the year, except those around the summer solstice. However, at latitudes closer than 8°35' (between 81°25’ and 90°) to either Pole, the Sun cannot rise above the horizon nor sink more than 18° below it on the same day on any date, so this example of twilight cannot occur because the angular difference between solar noon and solar midnight is less than 17°10’.
Observers within 63°47'50" of the Equator can view twilight twice each day on every date between the month of the autumnal equinox and the month of vernal equinox between astronomical dawn, nautical dawn, or civil dawn, and sunrise as well as between sunset and civil dusk, nautical dusk, or astronomical dusk, i.e., from September 1 to March 31 of the following year in the Northern Hemisphere and from March 1 to September 30 in the Southern Hemisphere.
The nighttime/twilight boundary solar midnight's latitude varies depending on the certain month:
In the months of January or July, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 48°54' North or South, because in the months of January or July the Sun's declination is less than 23°06' from the Equator;
In the months of February or August, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 54°02' North or South, because in the months of February or August the Sun's declination is less than 17°58' from the Equator;
In the months of March or September before the equinoxes, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 63°47' North or South, because in the months of March or September before the equinoxes the Sun's declination is less than 8°13' from the Equator;
During the equinoxes, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 72°00' North or South, because during the equinoxes the Sun is crossing the Equator line;
In the months of March or September after the equinoxes, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 67°45' North or South, because in the months of March or September after the equinoxes the Sun's declination is less than 4°15' from the Equator;
In the months of April or October, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 57°09' North or South, because in the months of April or October the Sun's declination is less than 14°51' from the Equator;
In the months of May or November, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 50°03' North or South, because in the months of May or November the Sun's declination is less than 21°57' from the Equator;
In the months of June or December, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 48°34' North or South, because in the month of June the Sun crosses the Tropic of Cancer (about 23°26' North) and in the month of December the Sun crosses the Tropic of Capricorn (about 23°26' South).
At latitudes greater than about 48°34' North or South, on dates near the summer solstice (June 21 in the Northern Hemisphere or December 21 in the Southern Hemisphere), twilight can last from sunset to sunrise, since the Sun does not sink more than 18 degrees below the horizon, so complete darkness does not occur even at solar midnight. These latitudes include many densely populated regions of the Earth, including the entire United Kingdom and other countries in northern Europe and even parts of central Europe. This also occurs in the Southern Hemisphere, but occurs on December 21. This type of twilight also occurs between one day and the next at latitudes within the polar circles shortly before and shortly after the period of midnight sun. The summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere is on June 21st, while the summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere is on December 21st.
Civil twilight: between about 60°34' and 65°44' north or south. In the northern hemisphere, this includes the center of Alaska,Iceland, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Faroe Islands and Shetland. In the southern hemisphere this includes parts of the Southern Ocean and the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. When civil twilight lasts all night, this is also referred as a white night.
Nautical twilight: between about 54°34' and 60°34' north or south. In the northern hemisphere this includes the center of Alaska, Russia, Canada, Estonia, Latvia, Scotland, Norway, Sweden,Finland, Lithuania, and Denmark. In the southern hemisphere this includes the southernmost point of South America, and Ushuaia in Argentina. When nautical twilight lasts all night, this is also referred as a white night.
Astronomical twilight: between about 48°34' and 54°34' north or south. In the northern hemisphere, this includes the center of Isle of Man, Aleutian Islands, United Kingdom, Belarus, Ireland, Netherlands, Poland, Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Bellingham, Washington, Orcas Island, Washington, Vancouver, British Columbia, Paris, France, Luxembourg, Guernsey, Ukraine, Slovakia and Hungary. In the southern hemisphere this includes the center of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Bouvet Island, Heard Island, Falkland Islands. It also includes El Calafate and Río Gallegos in Argentina, and Puerto Natales in Chile. When astronomical twilight lasts all night, this does not constitute a white night. This phenomenon is known as the grey nights, nights when it does not get dark enough for astronomers to do their observations of the deep sky.
In Arctic and Antarctic latitudes in wintertime, the polar night only rarely produces complete darkness for 24 hours each day. This can occur only at locations within about 5.5 degrees of latitude of the Pole, and there only on dates close to the winter solstice. At all other latitudes and dates, the polar night includes a daily period of twilight, when the Sun is not far below the horizon. Around winter solstice, when the solar declination changes slowly, complete darkness lasts several weeks at the Pole itself, e.g., from May 11 to July 31 at Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station. North Pole has the experience of this from November 13 to January 29.
Solar noon at civil twilight during a polar night: between about 67°24' and 72°34' north or south.
Solar noon at nautical twilight during a polar night: between about 72°34' and 78°34' north or south.
Solar noon at astronomical twilight during a polar night: between about 78°34' and 84°34' north or south.
Solar noon at night during a polar night: between approximately 84°34' and exactly 90° north or south.
At latitudes greater than 81°25' North or South, as the Sun's angular elevation difference is less than 18 degrees, twilight can last for the entire 24 hours. This occurs for one day at latitudes near 8°35’ from the Pole and extends up to several weeks the further toward the Pole one goes. This happens both near the North Pole and near the South Pole. The only permanent settlement to experience this condition is Alert, Nunavut, Canada, where it occurs from February 22–26, and again from October 15–19.
The duration of twilight depends on the latitude and the time of the year. The apparent travel of the Sun occurs at the rate of 15 degrees per hour (360° per day), but sunrise and sunset happen typically at oblique angles to the horizon and the actual duration of any twilight period will be a function of that angle, being longer for more oblique angles. This angle of the Sun's motion with respect to the horizon changes with latitude as well as the time of year (affecting the angle of the Earth's axis with respect to the Sun).
At Greenwich, England (51.5°N), the duration of civil twilight will vary from 33 minutes to 48 minutes, depending on the time of year. At the equator, civil twilight can last as little as 24 minutes. This is true because at low latitudes the Sun's apparent movement is perpendicular to the observer's horizon. But at the poles, civil twilight can be as long as 2–3 weeks. In the Arctic and Antarctic regions, twilight (if there is any) can last for several hours. There is no astronomical twilight at the poles near the winter solstice (for about 74 days at the North Pole and about 80 days at the South Pole). As one gets closer to the Arctic and Antarctic circles, the Sun's disk moves toward the observer's horizon at a lower angle. The observer's earthly location will pass through the various twilight zones less directly, taking more time.
Within the polar circles, twenty-four-hour daylight is encountered in summer, and in regions very close to the poles, twilight can last for weeks on the winter side of the equinoxes. Outside the polar circles, where the angular distance from the polar circle is less than the angle which defines twilight (see above), twilight can continue through local midnight near the summer solstice. The precise position of the polar circles, and the regions where twilight can continue through local midnight, varies slightly from year to year with Earth's axial tilt. The lowest latitudes at which the various twilights can continue through local midnight are approximately 60.561° (60°33′43″) for civil twilight, 54.561° (54°33′43″) for nautical twilight and 48.561° (48°33′43″) for astronomical twilight.
Winlaton Mill is a village in Tyne and Wear, North East England. It is not to be confused with Winlaton to the northwest which now comprises the southern part of Blaydon. The village is halfway between Gateshead to the northeast and Rowlands Gill to the southwest. Statistically Winlaton Mill is part of the ward of Winlaton and High Spen which contains part of Blaydon, High Spen and other outlying villages. The village is on the A694 which joins the A1 at Swalwell and contains the Red Kite Pub and Restaurant. Winlaton Mill is near the River Derwent which may suggest its name.
Tyne and Wear is a ceremonial county in North East England. It borders Northumberland to the north and County Durham to the south, and the largest settlement is the city of Newcastle upon Tyne.
The county is largely urbanised. It had a population of 1.14 million in 2021. After Newcastle (300,125) the largest settlements are the city of Sunderland (170,134), Gateshead (120,046), and South Shields (75,337). Nearly all of the county's settlements belong to either the Tyneside or Wearside conurbations, the latter of which also extends into County Durham. Tyne and Wear contains five metropolitan boroughs: Gateshead, Newcastle upon Tyne, Sunderland, North Tyneside and South Tyneside, and is covered by two combined authorities, North of Tyne and North East. The county was established in 1974 and was historically part of Northumberland and County Durham, with the River Tyne forming the border between the two.
The most notable geographic features of the county are the River Tyne and River Wear, after which it is named and along which its major settlements developed. The county is also notable for its coastline to the North Sea in the east, which is characterised by tall limestone cliffs and wide beaches.
In the late 600s and into the 700s Saint Bede lived as a monk at the monastery of St. Peter and of St. Paul writing histories of the Early Middle Ages including the Ecclesiastical History of the English People.
Roughly 150 years ago, in the village of Marsden in South Shields, Souter Lighthouse was built, the first electric structure of this type.
The Local Government Act 1888 constituted Newcastle upon Tyne, Gateshead and Sunderland as county boroughs (Newcastle had "county corporate" status as the "County and Town of Newcastle upon Tyne" since 1400). Tynemouth joined them in 1904. Between the county boroughs, various other settlements also formed part of the administrative counties of Durham and of Northumberland.
The need to reform local government on Tyneside was recognised by the government as early as 1935, when a Royal Commission to Investigate the Conditions of Local Government on Tyneside was appointed. The three commissioners were to examine the system of local government in the areas of local government north and south of the river Tyne from the sea to the boundary of the Rural District of Castle Ward and Hexham in the County of Northumberland and to the Western boundary of the County of Durham, to consider what changes, if any, should be made in the existing arrangements with a view to securing greater economy and efficiency, and to make recommendations.
The report of the Royal Commission, published in 1937, recommended the establishment of a Regional Council for Northumberland and Tyneside (to be called the "Northumberland Regional Council") to administer services that needed to be exercised over a wide area, with a second tier of smaller units for other local-government purposes. The second-tier units would form by amalgamating the various existing boroughs and districts. The county boroughs in the area would lose their status. Within this area, a single municipality would be formed covering the four county boroughs of Newcastle, Gateshead, Tynemouth, South Shields and other urban districts and boroughs.
A minority report proposed amalgamation of Newcastle, Gateshead, Wallsend, Jarrow, Felling, Gosforth, Hebburn and Newburn into a single "county borough of Newcastle-on-Tyneside". The 1937 proposals never came into operation: local authorities could not agree on a scheme and the legislation of the time did not allow central government to compel one.
Tyneside (excluding Sunderland) was a Special Review Area under the Local Government Act 1958. The Local Government Commission for England came back with a recommendation to create a new county of Tyneside based on the review area, divided into four separate boroughs. This was not implemented. The Redcliffe-Maud Report proposed a Tyneside unitary authority, again excluding Sunderland, which would have set up a separate East Durham unitary authority.
The White Paper that led to the Local Government Act 1972 proposed as "area 2" a metropolitan county including Newcastle and Sunderland, extending as far south down the coast as Seaham and Easington, and bordering "area 4" (which would become Tees Valley). The Bill as presented in November 1971 pruned back the southern edge of the area, and gave it the name "Tyneside". The name "Tyneside" proved controversial on Wearside, and a government amendment changed the name to "Tyne and Wear" at the request of Sunderland County Borough Council.
Tyne and Wear either has or closely borders two official Met Office stations, neither located in one of the major urban centres. The locations for those are in marine Tynemouth where Tyne meets the North Sea east of Newcastle and inland Durham in County Durham around 20 kilometres (12 mi) south-west of Sunderland. There are some clear differences between the stations temperature and precipitation patterns even though both have a cool-summer and mild-winter oceanic climate.
Tyne and Wear contains green belt interspersed throughout the county, mainly on the fringes of the Tyneside/Wearside conurbation. There is also an inter-urban line of belt helping to keep the districts of South Tyneside, Gateshead, and Sunderland separated. It was first drawn up from the 1950s. All the county's districts contain some portion of belt.
Although Tyne and Wear County Council was abolished in 1986, several joint bodies exist to run certain services on a county-wide basis. Most notable is the Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Authority, which co-ordinates transport policy. Through its passenger transport executive, known as Nexus, it owns and operates the Tyne and Wear Metro light rail system, and the Shields ferry service and the Tyne Tunnel, linking communities on either side of the River Tyne. Also through Nexus, the authority subsidises socially necessary transport services (including taxis) and operates a concessionary fares scheme for the elderly and disabled. Nexus has been an executive body of the North East Joint Transport Committee since November 2018.
Other joint bodies include the Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue Service and Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums, which was created from the merger of the Tyne and Wear Archives Service and Tyne and Wear Museums. These joint bodies are administered by representatives of all five of the constituent councils. In addition the Northumbria Police force covers Northumberland and Tyne and Wear.
There have been occasional calls for Tyne and Wear to be abolished and the traditional border between Northumberland and County Durham to be restored.
Tyne and Wear is divided into 12 Parliamentary constituencies. Historically, the area has been a Labour stronghold; South Shields is the only Parliamentary constituency that has never returned a Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons since the Reform Act of 1832.
Newcastle and Sunderland are known for declaring their election results early on election night. Therefore, they frequently give the first indication of nationwide trends. An example of this was at the 2016 European Union referendum. Newcastle was the first large city to declare, and 50.6% of voters voted to Remain; this proportion was far lower than predicted by experts. Sunderland declared soon after and gave a 62% vote to Leave, much higher than expected. These two results were seen as an early sign that the United Kingdom had voted to Leave.
Offshore Group Newcastle make oil platforms. Sage Group, who produce accounting software, are based at Hazlerigg at the northern end of the Newcastle bypass. Northern Rock, which became a bank in 1997 and was taken over by Virgin Money in November 2011, and the Newcastle Building Society are based in Gosforth. The Gosforth-based bakery Greggs now has over 1,500 shops. The Balliol Business Park in Longbenton contains Procter & Gamble research and global business centres and a tax credits call centre for HMRC, and is the former home of Findus UK. The Government National Insurance Contributions Office in Longbenton, demolished and replaced in 2000, had a 1 mile (1.6 km) long corridor.
Be-Ro and the Go-Ahead Group bus company are in central Newcastle. Nestlé use the former Rowntrees chocolate factory on the east of the A1. BAE Systems Land & Armaments in Scotswood, formerly Vickers-Armstrongs, is the main producer of British Army tanks such as the Challenger 2. A Rolls-Royce apprentice training site is next door.[18] Siemens Energy Service Fossil make steam turbines at the CA Parsons Works in South Heaton. Sir Charles Parsons invented the steam turbine in 1884, and developed an important local company. Domestos, a product whose main ingredient is sodium hypochlorite, was originated in Newcastle in 1929 by William Handley, and was distributed from the area for many years.
Clarke Chapman is next to the A167 in Gateshead. The MetroCentre, the largest shopping centre in Europe, is in Dunston. Scottish & Newcastle was the largest UK-owned brewery until it was bought by Heineken and Carlsberg in April 2008, and produced Newcastle Brown Ale at the Newcastle Federation Brewery in Dunston until production moved to Tadcaster in September 2010. At Team Valley are De La Rue, with their largest banknote printing facility, and Myson Radiators, the second largest in the UK market. Petards make surveillance equipment including ANPR cameras, and its Joyce-Loebl division makes electronic warfare systems and countermeasure dispensing systems such as the AN/ALE-47. Sevcon, an international company formed from a part of Smith Electric, is a world leader in electric vehicle controls. AEI Cables and Komatsu UK construction equipment at Birtley.
J. Barbour & Sons make outdoor clothing in Simonside, Jarrow. SAFT Batteries make primary lithium batteries on the Tyne in South Shields. Bellway plc houses is in Seaton Burn in North Tyneside. Cobalt Business Park, the largest office park in the UK, is at Wallsend, on the former site of Atmel, and is the home of North Tyneside Council. Swan Hunter until 2006 made ships in Wallsend, and still designs ships. Soil Machine Dynamics in Wallsend on the Tyne makes Remotely operated underwater vehicles, and its Ultra Trencher 1 is the world's largest submersible robot.
The car dealership Evans Halshaw is in Sunderland. The car factory owned by Nissan Motor Manufacturing UK between North Hylton and Washington is the largest in the UK. Grundfos, the world's leading pump manufacturer, builds pumps in Sunderland. Calsonic Kansei UK, formerly Magna, make automotive instrument panels and car trim at the Pennywell Industrial Estate. Gestamp UK make automotive components. Smith Electric Vehicles originated in Washington. The LG Electronics microwave oven factory opened in 1989, closed in May 2004, and later became the site of the Tanfield Group. Goodyear Dunlop had their only UK car tyre factory next to the Tanfield site until its 2006 closure. BAE Systems Global Combat Systems moved to a new £75 million factory at the former Goodyear site in 2011, where they make large calibre ammunition for tanks and artillery.
The government's child benefit office is in Washington. Liebherr build cranes next to the Wear at Deptford. The outdoor clothing company Berghaus is in Castletown. Vaux Breweries, who owned Swallow Hotels, closed in 1999. ScS Sofas are on Borough Road. There are many call centres in Sunderland, notably EDF Energy at the Doxford International Business Park, which is also the home of the headquarters of the large international transport company Arriva and Nike UK. Rolls-Royce planned to move their production of fan and turbine discs to BAE Systems' new site in 2016.
Acquisition details:
OTA: Celestron 8" newtonian reflector, C8N
Filter: Orion Skyglow Imaging filter
Corrector: MPCC
Mount: Celestron CGEM DX
Camera: Canon 450d mod BCF, 34°F
Exposure: 44x4min ISO 400
Guided with PHD, SSAG, 9x50
Captured with BackyardEOS
Registered and stacked with DeepSkyStacker
Photographed from Round Rock TX (Orange zone)
Thanks for nothin' Willey Ford of Bountiful, Utah. This egregious example of light pollution prevents me from enjoying my hobby of astrophotography at my own house.
If you enjoy any of my astrophotos, or simply enjoy the stars please show your appreciation by learning about and preventing light pollution.
20 Sep 2013. 48 minutes of data on IC59 with the Borg 125SD. Clouds shut me down early, wanted 2 hours on this.
14, 240 sec exp's @ ISO 250.
Borg 125SD, F3.9 on a ZEQ25, guided with PHD/Borg 50mm/Lodestar.
Nikon D5100 w/Baader Moon/Skyglow filter. Moon 94%.
Twilight is light produced by sunlight scattering in the upper atmosphere, when the Sun is below the horizon, which illuminates the lower atmosphere and the Earth's surface. The word twilight can also refer to the periods of time when this illumination occurs.
The lower the Sun is beneath the horizon, the dimmer the twilight (other factors such as atmospheric conditions being equal). When the Sun reaches 18° below the horizon, the twilight's brightness is nearly zero, and evening twilight becomes nighttime. When the Sun again reaches 18° below the horizon, nighttime becomes morning twilight. Owing to its distinctive quality, primarily the absence of shadows and the appearance of objects silhouetted against the lit sky, twilight has long been popular with photographers and painters, who often refer to it as the blue hour, after the French expression l'heure bleue.
By analogy with evening twilight, the word twilight is also sometimes used metaphorically, to imply that something is losing strength and approaching its end. For example, very old people may be said to be "in the twilight of their lives". The collateral adjective for twilight is crepuscular, which may be used to describe the behavior of animals that are most active during this period.
Twilight is defined according to the solar elevation angle θs, which is the position of the geometric center of the Sun relative to the horizon. There are three established and widely accepted subcategories of twilight: civil twilight (nearest the horizon), nautical twilight, and astronomical twilight (farthest from the horizon).
Civil twilight is the time when the geometric center of the Sun is between the horizon and 6° below the horizon.
Civil twilight is the period when enough natural light remains that artificial light in towns and cities is not needed. In the United States' military, the initialisms BMCT (begin morning civil twilight, i.e., civil dawn) and EECT (end evening civil twilight, i.e., civil dusk) are used to refer to the start of morning civil twilight and the end of evening civil twilight, respectively. Civil dawn is preceded by morning nautical twilight and civil dusk is followed by evening nautical twilight.
Under clear weather conditions, civil twilight approximates the limit at which solar illumination suffices for the human eye to clearly distinguish terrestrial objects. Enough illumination renders artificial sources unnecessary for most outdoor activities. At civil dawn and at civil dusk sunlight clearly defines the horizon while the brightest stars and planets can appear. As observed from the Earth (see apparent magnitude), sky-gazers know Venus, the brightest planet, as the "morning star" or "evening star" because they can see it during civil twilight.
Lawmakers have enshrined the concept of civil twilight. Such statutes typically use a fixed period after sunset or before sunrise (most commonly 20–30 minutes), rather than how many degrees the Sun is below the horizon. Examples include when drivers of automobiles must turn on their headlights (called lighting-up time in the UK), when hunting is restricted, or when the crime of burglary is to be treated as nighttime burglary, which carries stiffer penalties in some jurisdictions.
The period may affect when extra equipment, such as anti-collision lights, is required for aircraft to operate. In the US, civil twilight for aviation is defined in Part 1.1 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) as the time listed in the American Air Almanac.
Nautical twilight is defined as when the geometric center of the Sun is between 12° and 6° below the horizon.
Before nautical dawn and after nautical dusk, sailors cannot navigate via the horizon at sea as they cannot clearly see the horizon. At nautical dawn and nautical dusk, the human eye finds it difficult, if not impossible, to discern traces of illumination near the sunset or sunrise point of the horizon (first light after nautical dawn but before civil dawn and nightfall after civil dusk but before nautical dusk).
Sailors can take reliable star sightings of well-known stars, during the stage of nautical twilight when they can distinguish a visible horizon for reference (i.e. after astronomic dawn or before astronomic dusk).
Under good atmospheric conditions with the absence of other illumination, during nautical twilight, the human eye may distinguish general outlines of ground objects but cannot participate in detailed outdoor operations.
Nautical twilight has military considerations as well. The initialisms BMNT (begin morning nautical twilight, i.e. nautical dawn) and EENT (end evening nautical twilight, i.e. nautical dusk) are used and considered when planning military operations. A military unit may treat BMNT and EENT with heightened security, e.g. by "standing to", in which everyone assumes a defensive position.
Astronomical twilight is defined as when the geometric center of the Sun is between 18° and 12° below the horizon.[3][4][2] During astronomical twilight, the sky is dark enough to permit astronomical observation of point sources of light such as stars, except in regions with more intense skyglow due to light pollution, moonlight, auroras, and other sources of light. Some critical observations, such as of faint diffuse items such as nebulae and galaxies, may require observation beyond the limit of astronomical twilight. Theoretically, the faintest stars detectable by the naked eye (those of approximately the sixth magnitude) will become visible in the evening at astronomical dusk, and become invisible at astronomical dawn.
Observers within about 48°34' of the Equator can view twilight twice each day on every date of the year between astronomical dawn, nautical dawn, or civil dawn, and sunrise as well as between sunset and civil dusk, nautical dusk, or astronomical dusk. This also occurs for most observers at higher latitudes on many dates throughout the year, except those around the summer solstice. However, at latitudes closer than 8°35' (between 81°25’ and 90°) to either Pole, the Sun cannot rise above the horizon nor sink more than 18° below it on the same day on any date, so this example of twilight cannot occur because the angular difference between solar noon and solar midnight is less than 17°10’.
Observers within 63°47'50" of the Equator can view twilight twice each day on every date between the month of the autumnal equinox and the month of vernal equinox between astronomical dawn, nautical dawn, or civil dawn, and sunrise as well as between sunset and civil dusk, nautical dusk, or astronomical dusk, i.e., from September 1 to March 31 of the following year in the Northern Hemisphere and from March 1 to September 30 in the Southern Hemisphere.
The nighttime/twilight boundary solar midnight's latitude varies depending on the certain month:
In the months of January or July, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 48°54' North or South, because in the months of January or July the Sun's declination is less than 23°06' from the Equator;
In the months of February or August, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 54°02' North or South, because in the months of February or August the Sun's declination is less than 17°58' from the Equator;
In the months of March or September before the equinoxes, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 63°47' North or South, because in the months of March or September before the equinoxes the Sun's declination is less than 8°13' from the Equator;
During the equinoxes, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 72°00' North or South, because during the equinoxes the Sun is crossing the Equator line;
In the months of March or September after the equinoxes, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 67°45' North or South, because in the months of March or September after the equinoxes the Sun's declination is less than 4°15' from the Equator;
In the months of April or October, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 57°09' North or South, because in the months of April or October the Sun's declination is less than 14°51' from the Equator;
In the months of May or November, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 50°03' North or South, because in the months of May or November the Sun's declination is less than 21°57' from the Equator;
In the months of June or December, astronomical dawn to sunrise or sunset to astronomical dusk occurs at latitudes less than 48°34' North or South, because in the month of June the Sun crosses the Tropic of Cancer (about 23°26' North) and in the month of December the Sun crosses the Tropic of Capricorn (about 23°26' South).
At latitudes greater than about 48°34' North or South, on dates near the summer solstice (June 21 in the Northern Hemisphere or December 21 in the Southern Hemisphere), twilight can last from sunset to sunrise, since the Sun does not sink more than 18 degrees below the horizon, so complete darkness does not occur even at solar midnight. These latitudes include many densely populated regions of the Earth, including the entire United Kingdom and other countries in northern Europe and even parts of central Europe. This also occurs in the Southern Hemisphere, but occurs on December 21. This type of twilight also occurs between one day and the next at latitudes within the polar circles shortly before and shortly after the period of midnight sun. The summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere is on June 21st, while the summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere is on December 21st.
Civil twilight: between about 60°34' and 65°44' north or south. In the northern hemisphere, this includes the center of Alaska,Iceland, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Faroe Islands and Shetland. In the southern hemisphere this includes parts of the Southern Ocean and the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. When civil twilight lasts all night, this is also referred as a white night.
Nautical twilight: between about 54°34' and 60°34' north or south. In the northern hemisphere this includes the center of Alaska, Russia, Canada, Estonia, Latvia, Scotland, Norway, Sweden,Finland, Lithuania, and Denmark. In the southern hemisphere this includes the southernmost point of South America, and Ushuaia in Argentina. When nautical twilight lasts all night, this is also referred as a white night.
Astronomical twilight: between about 48°34' and 54°34' north or south. In the northern hemisphere, this includes the center of Isle of Man, Aleutian Islands, United Kingdom, Belarus, Ireland, Netherlands, Poland, Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Bellingham, Washington, Orcas Island, Washington, Vancouver, British Columbia, Paris, France, Luxembourg, Guernsey, Ukraine, Slovakia and Hungary. In the southern hemisphere this includes the center of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Bouvet Island, Heard Island, Falkland Islands. It also includes El Calafate and Río Gallegos in Argentina, and Puerto Natales in Chile. When astronomical twilight lasts all night, this does not constitute a white night. This phenomenon is known as the grey nights, nights when it does not get dark enough for astronomers to do their observations of the deep sky.
In Arctic and Antarctic latitudes in wintertime, the polar night only rarely produces complete darkness for 24 hours each day. This can occur only at locations within about 5.5 degrees of latitude of the Pole, and there only on dates close to the winter solstice. At all other latitudes and dates, the polar night includes a daily period of twilight, when the Sun is not far below the horizon. Around winter solstice, when the solar declination changes slowly, complete darkness lasts several weeks at the Pole itself, e.g., from May 11 to July 31 at Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station. North Pole has the experience of this from November 13 to January 29.
Solar noon at civil twilight during a polar night: between about 67°24' and 72°34' north or south.
Solar noon at nautical twilight during a polar night: between about 72°34' and 78°34' north or south.
Solar noon at astronomical twilight during a polar night: between about 78°34' and 84°34' north or south.
Solar noon at night during a polar night: between approximately 84°34' and exactly 90° north or south.
At latitudes greater than 81°25' North or South, as the Sun's angular elevation difference is less than 18 degrees, twilight can last for the entire 24 hours. This occurs for one day at latitudes near 8°35’ from the Pole and extends up to several weeks the further toward the Pole one goes. This happens both near the North Pole and near the South Pole. The only permanent settlement to experience this condition is Alert, Nunavut, Canada, where it occurs from February 22–26, and again from October 15–19.
The duration of twilight depends on the latitude and the time of the year. The apparent travel of the Sun occurs at the rate of 15 degrees per hour (360° per day), but sunrise and sunset happen typically at oblique angles to the horizon and the actual duration of any twilight period will be a function of that angle, being longer for more oblique angles. This angle of the Sun's motion with respect to the horizon changes with latitude as well as the time of year (affecting the angle of the Earth's axis with respect to the Sun).
At Greenwich, England (51.5°N), the duration of civil twilight will vary from 33 minutes to 48 minutes, depending on the time of year. At the equator, civil twilight can last as little as 24 minutes. This is true because at low latitudes the Sun's apparent movement is perpendicular to the observer's horizon. But at the poles, civil twilight can be as long as 2–3 weeks. In the Arctic and Antarctic regions, twilight (if there is any) can last for several hours. There is no astronomical twilight at the poles near the winter solstice (for about 74 days at the North Pole and about 80 days at the South Pole). As one gets closer to the Arctic and Antarctic circles, the Sun's disk moves toward the observer's horizon at a lower angle. The observer's earthly location will pass through the various twilight zones less directly, taking more time.
Within the polar circles, twenty-four-hour daylight is encountered in summer, and in regions very close to the poles, twilight can last for weeks on the winter side of the equinoxes. Outside the polar circles, where the angular distance from the polar circle is less than the angle which defines twilight (see above), twilight can continue through local midnight near the summer solstice. The precise position of the polar circles, and the regions where twilight can continue through local midnight, varies slightly from year to year with Earth's axial tilt. The lowest latitudes at which the various twilights can continue through local midnight are approximately 60.561° (60°33′43″) for civil twilight, 54.561° (54°33′43″) for nautical twilight and 48.561° (48°33′43″) for astronomical twilight.
Tamworth, located in Staffordshire, England, is a town steeped in history that stretches back over a thousand years. From its origins as a Saxon settlement to its rise as an important market town and later a center of industrialization, Tamworth has played a significant role in shaping the history of the region. This brief overview will take you through the key milestones in Tamworth's history.
Tamworth's story begins in the 7th century when it was founded as a Saxon settlement by the powerful ruler, King Penda of Mercia. The town quickly grew in prominence and became the capital of the Kingdom of Mercia. Under the Mercian kings, Tamworth became a center of governance and trade, with a bustling market and a royal palace. It was during this time that Tamworth gained its reputation as an important administrative and economic hub.
In the 9th century, Tamworth faced Viking invasions that threatened its stability. The town was attacked and occupied by the Vikings on several occasions, leading to periods of turmoil. However, the Mercians eventually regained control, and Tamworth continued to flourish.
During the medieval period, Tamworth's importance diminished as other towns, such as nearby Lichfield, gained prominence. Nevertheless, the town remained a center for trade and agriculture. Its market thrived, attracting merchants and farmers from the surrounding areas. Tamworth's strategic location on the banks of the River Tame also made it an important crossing point.
The 16th century brought religious changes to Tamworth and the rest of England. The Reformation led to the dissolution of the monasteries, including Tamworth's priory. The town saw the construction of St. Editha's Church, which stands as a reminder of its medieval past.
The Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries brought significant changes to Tamworth. The town became an important center for the production of textiles, with mills and factories springing up along the River Tame. The arrival of the canal network, particularly the Coventry Canal, further boosted trade and transportation in the area.
Tamworth's industrialization also led to improvements in infrastructure. The town saw the construction of bridges, roads, and the Tamworth to Birmingham railway line, which opened in 1839. These developments facilitated the growth of the local economy and connected Tamworth to larger industrial centers.
In the 20th century, Tamworth continued to evolve. It witnessed rapid expansion as new housing estates were built to accommodate a growing population. The town's economy diversified, with the decline of traditional industries replaced by new sectors such as retail and services.
Today, Tamworth is a thriving town that combines its rich heritage with modern amenities. It boasts a range of historical sites, including Tamworth Castle, which dates back to Norman times and is now a popular tourist attraction. The town's market, one of the largest in the region, remains a focal point of commercial activity.
Tamworth's history is deeply intertwined with the broader history of England. From its origins as a Saxon settlement to its role as a center of trade and industry, the town has continuously adapted to changing times. Through the centuries, Tamworth has retained its identity as an important market town and a testament to the resilience of its people.
- www.kevin-palmer.com - The lights of Buffalo shine to the east of my campsite in the Bighorn Mountains.
Orion Nebula sets of Halloween.
Ruse, Bulgaria.
1x30s
Pentax K-50 + Astrotracer + sms Takumar 200mm f4 + Orion skyglow
Мъглявината Орион залязва на Хелуин (около 5:30)
Harun Mehmedinovic (L) and Gavin Heffernan (R) capturing light pollution (SKYGLOW) over downtown Los Angeles. Taken from Mount Wilson, Ca 2015. Photo by Gavin Heffernan / Harun Mehmedinovic. SkyglowProject.com
Equipment
Imaging Telescopes Or Lenses
Meade Starfinder 8 f/6 Newtonian OTA
Imaging Cameras
ZWO ASI1600MM
Mounts
Losmandy GM8 / GM8G
Filters
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2" · Meade Blue 2" · Meade Green 2" · Meade Red 2"
Accessories
Baader 2" MPCC Mark III Newton Coma Corrector (2458400A) · OnStep Telescope Mount Goto Controller
Software
Adobe Photoshop · Aries Productions Astro Pixel Processor (APP) · Open PHD Guiding Project PHD2 · Stefan Berg Nighttime Imaging 'N' Astronomy (N.I.N.A. / NINA)
Guiding Telescopes Or Lenses
SVBony SV106 60mm Guide Scope
Guiding Cameras
ZWO ASI120MM
Acquisition details
Dates:
Dec. 3, 2022
Frames:
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2": 70×120″(2h 20′) -10°C bin 2×2
Meade Blue 2": 30×120″(1h) bin 2×2
Meade Green 2": 30×120″(1h) bin 2×2
Meade Red 2": 30×120″(1h) bin 2×2
Integration:
5h 20′
Darks:
100
Bias:
100
Avg. Moon age:
10.32 days
Avg. Moon phase:
79.24%
Basic astrometry details
Astrometry.net job: 6690834
RA center: 06h48m16s.3
DEC center: +41°04′48″
Pixel scale: 0.640 arcsec/pixel
Orientation: 191.074 degrees
Field radius: 0.498 degrees
Find images in the same area
Resolution: 4455x3385
File size: 9.0 MB
Data source: Backyard
Interesting that this is listed as a "highly irregular spiral galaxy". It is difficult to detect any type of arm structure even in the Hubble images.
Equipment
Imaging Telescopes Or Lenses
Meade Starfinder 8 f/6 Newtonian OTA
Imaging Cameras
ZWO ASI1600MM
Mounts
Losmandy GM8 / GM8G
Filters
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2" · Meade Blue 2" · Meade Green 2" · Meade Red 2"
Accessories
Baader 2" MPCC Mark III Newton Coma Corrector (2458400A) · OnStep Telescope Mount Goto Controller
Software
Adobe Photoshop · Aries Productions Astro Pixel Processor (APP) · Open PHD Guiding Project PHD2 · Stefan Berg Nighttime Imaging 'N' Astronomy (N.I.N.A. / NINA)
Acquisition details
Dates:
Dec. 3, 2022 · Dec. 4, 2022
Frames:
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2": 99×120″(3h 18′) -10°C bin 2×2
Meade Blue 2": 30×120″(1h) bin 2×2
Meade Green 2": 30×120″(1h) bin 2×2
Meade Red 2": 30×120″(1h) bin 2×2
Integration:
6h 18′
Darks:
100
Bias:
100
Avg. Moon age:
10.81 days
Avg. Moon phase:
83.13%
Basic astrometry details
Astrometry.net job: 6689336
RA center: 13h29m34s.6
DEC center: +58°24′21″
Pixel scale: 0.640 arcsec/pixel
Orientation: 190.344 degrees
Field radius: 0.504 degrees
Find images in the same area
Resolution: 4531x3398
File size: 9.1 MB
Data source: Backyard
Imaging telescope or lens:Astro Tech AT66ED
Imaging camera:Canon T1i Full Spectrum
Mount:Celestron CG-4 MotorDrive
Guiding telescope or lens:MEADE 50mm Finder Guidescope
Guiding camera:ZWO ASI120MM
Focal reducer:Astro Tech 0.8x Reducer/Flattener
Software:Astro Pixel Processor, Open Guiding PHD2 Guiding, Adobe Photoshop CS4 Photoshop CS4
Filter:Orion SkyGlow Imaging Filter
Resolution: 3366x4926
Dates:Sept. 2, 2019
Frames: 303x60"
Integration: 5.0 hours
Avg. Moon age: 3.55 days
Avg. Moon phase: 13.61%
Data source: Backyard
Camera: Nikon D50
Exposure: 1hr (15 x 4m) ISO 800 RGB
Filter: Orion Skyglow Imaging Filter
Flattener/Correction: Anteres .63x Focal Reducer
Focus Method: Prime focus
Telescope Aperature/Focal Length: 256×2500mm
Telescope: Meade LX200-GPS 10" ACF
Guided: Yes - PHD Guiding
Stacked: DeepSkyStacker
Adjustments: cropped/leveled in Photoshop
Location: Flintstone, GA
Another from the Mieczysław Czernik 1960s era open star catalog.
A bit less obvious, but the cluster is rather large in the frame, centered, and roughly forms a "Y" (here slightly tilted left).
Equipment
Imaging Telescopes Or Lenses
Celestron EdgeHD 8"
Imaging Cameras
QHYCCD QHY163M
Mounts
Vixen GPDX
Accessories
Celestron 0.7X Reducer EdgeHD800 (94242) · OnStep Telescope Mount Goto Controller
Software
Adobe Photoshop · Aries Productions Astro Pixel Processor (APP) · Open PHD Guiding Project PHD2 · Stefan Berg Nighttime Imaging 'N' Astronomy (N.I.N.A. / NINA)
Acquisition details
Dates:
Oct. 14, 2022
Frames:
Blue: 20×120″(40′) bin 2×2
Green: 20×120″(40′) bin 2×2
Orion SkyGlow Imaging Filter: 70×120″(2h 20′) -10°C bin 2×2
Red: 20×120″(40′) bin 2×2
Integration:
4h 20′
Darks:
100
Bias:
100
Avg. Moon age:
19.27 days
Avg. Moon phase:
78.78%
Basic astrometry details
Astrometry.net job: 6677666
Resolution: 4635x3397
File size: 15.0 MB
Data source: Backyard
I shot about 2,500 frames over two nights. I collected TWO meteors. (Ok, perhaps a third and fourth but they are nothing).
This one wasn't very impressive either in part due to the intense glow of Fremont and San Jose.
But I kinda like it because it has other redeeming features.
In retrospect I should have backed off the exposure a bit due to the strong light pollution in this direction. The following night/morning I shot about 1300 frames and got NOTHING!
© Copyright 2012, Steven Christenson
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All rights reserved. Curious what "all rights reserved means?" it means that without written permission you may not: copy, transmit, modify, use, print or display this image in any context other than as it appears in Flickr.
This image is copyrighted and all rights reserved. It may not be used in any form without my permission. This image may be used in flickr galleries. This image is available for licensing. It may not be used for free.
This is an HDR image composed of 7 exposures and combined in Photomatix 4.0. One of the problems with HDR is that it can introduce artifacts. In this processed image, there is the typical HDR artifact of a lighter line in the sky just above the treeline on the horizon. With more work in Photoshop, this line can be reduced.
Notice how the HDR processing let's us see more detail in the trees and the snowy slope in the distance.
A beautiful spiral galaxy in Ursa Major imaged through a perfectly timed (new Moon) night long break in the rain.
The image also contains numerous galaxies in the background.
Equipment
Imaging Telescopes Or Lenses
Meade Starfinder 8 f/6 Newtonian OTA
Imaging Cameras
ZWO ASI1600MM
Mounts
Losmandy GM8 / GM8G
Filters
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2" · Meade Blue 2" · Meade Green 2" · Meade Red 2"
Accessories
Baader 2" MPCC Mark III Newton Coma Corrector (2458400A) · OnStep Telescope Mount Goto Controller
Software
Adobe Photoshop · Aries Productions Astro Pixel Processor (APP) · Open PHD Guiding Project PHD2 · Stefan Berg Nighttime Imaging 'N' Astronomy (N.I.N.A. / NINA)
Guiding Telescopes Or Lenses
SVBony SV106 60mm Guide Scope
Guiding Cameras
ZWO ASI120MM
Acquisition details
Dates:
Jan. 20, 2023
Frames:
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2": 100×120″(3h 20′) -10°C bin 2×2
Meade Blue 2": 30×120″(1h) bin 2×2
Meade Green 2": 30×120″(1h) bin 2×2
Meade Red 2": 30×120″(1h) bin 2×2
Integration:
6h 20′
Darks:
100
Bias:
100
Avg. Moon age:
27.93 days
Avg. Moon phase:
2.87%
Basic astrometry details
Astrometry.net job: 7009881
RA center: 09h21m58s.1
DEC center: +50°58′40″
Pixel scale: 0.640 arcsec/pixel
Orientation: 278.043 degrees
Field radius: 0.484 degrees
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Resolution: 3223x4396
File size: 10.9 MB
Data source: Backyard
Light pollution (SKYGLOW) over downtown Los Angeles. Taken from Mount Wilson, Ca 2015. Photo by Gavin Heffernan / Harun Mehmedinovic. www.SkyglowProject.com
June 9, 2022 - South Central Nebraska US
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Storm Chasing Video from night on Flickr Click Here
A Sultry Evening...
One my favorite things to do... Watch a ominous lighting intense storm come over the horizon. With continuous cloud to cloud lightning & a few cloud to ground strikes. This was one of those perfect photogenic Nebraska storms.
Severe warned right after sunset. Found an open spot to shoot just some incredible June storm photography for 2022!
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Copyright 2022
Dale Kaminski @ NebraskaSC Photography
All Rights Reserved
This image may not be copied, reproduced, published or distributed in any medium without the expressed written permission of the copyright holder.
#ForeverChasing
#NebraskaSC
Camera: Nikon D50
Exposure: 40m (8 x 5m) ISO 800 RGB
Filter: Orion Skyglow Imaging Filter
Flattener/Correction: MPCC
Focus Method: Prime focus
Telescope Aperature/Focal Length: 203×812mm
Mount: LXD75
Telescope: Meade 8" Schmidt-Newtonian
Guided: Yes - PHD Guiding
Stacked: DeepSkyStacker
Adjustments: cropped/leveled in Photoshop
Location: Flintstone, GA
In astronomy, the Pleiades, or Seven Sisters (Messier object 45), is an open star cluster containing middle-aged hot B-type stars located in the constellation of Taurus. It is among the nearest star clusters to Earth and is the cluster most obvious to the naked eye in the night sky.
Date: 12-01-2011
Scope: Stellarvue SV105-3SV
Mount: Celestron CGEM
Finder: Stellarvue F50M3
Focal Reducer: Stellarvue SFF7-3SV
Filter: Baader Planetarium Moon & Skyglow Filter
Camera: Canon T2i/550D unmodified
Autoguide: Orion Starshoot + PHD
Image Capture: Nebulosity 2
Exposures: 4 x 5min @ 1600 ISO
Stacking: DeepSkyStacker
Image Processing: Adobe Lightroom 3.5 64bit
OS: Windows 7 64bit
Light time: 30 x 180 sec.
Telescope: Orion EON 130 mm ED
Field flattener: Orion 3"
Guide scope: William Optics UniGuide 50 mm
Camera: ZWO ASI071Pro
Filter: Orion SkyGlow
Guide camera: ZWO ASI290MM Mini
Mount: iOptron CEM60
ASIAIR PRO
Software: PixInsight; Adobe Lightroom
Location: inner city backyard
OTA: Celestron C8N 8" newtonian reflector, f/5
Camera: Canon 450d modified
Exposure: 42x4min ISO 400
Filter: Orion Skyglow imaging filter
Baader MPCC-II coma corrector
Mount: Celestron CGEM DX
Captured with BackyardEOS
Registered and stacked with DeepSkyStacker
Photographed from Round Rock TX (Orange zone)
Equipment
Imaging Telescopes Or Lenses
Apertura 6" f/5 Imaging Newtonian · Meade Starfinder 8 f/6 Newtonian OTA
Imaging Cameras
Canon EOS 500D / Rebel T1i / Kiss X3 (modified) · ZWO ASI1600MM
Mounts
Losmandy GM8 / GM8G · Meade LX70
Filters
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2"
Accessories
Baader 2" MPCC Mark III Newton Coma Corrector (2458400A) · GSO 2" Photo-Visual Coma Corrector · OnStep Telescope Mount Goto Controller · Rigel Systems Stepper motor
Software
Adobe Photoshop · Aries Productions Astro Pixel Processor (APP) · Open PHD Guiding Project PHD2 · Stefan Berg Nighttime Imaging 'N' Astronomy (N.I.N.A. / NINA)
Guiding Telescopes Or Lenses
SVBony SV106 60mm Guide Scope
Guiding Cameras
ZWO ASI120MM
Acquisition details
Dates:
Jan. 22, 2022 · Nov. 14, 2022
Frames:
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2": 106×120″(3h 32′) bin 2×2
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2": 30×120″(1h)
Integration:
4h 32′
Avg. Moon age:
19.67 days
Avg. Moon phase:
74.89%
Basic astrometry details
Astrometry.net job: 6655626
RA center: 06h08m52s.1
DEC center: +24°21′14″
Pixel scale: 0.640 arcsec/pixel
Orientation: 184.901 degrees
Field radius: 0.519 degrees
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Resolution: 4776x3347
File size: 18.1 MB
Data source: Backyard
Kodak E100G is Kodak's last professional transparency film available. Having used the best transparency film for astrophotography, E200 for years now, I decided it was time to try Kodak's last remaining Ektachrome.
Here is a two frame mosaic, each a 20 minute exposure at f/3.4 using my Pentax Spotmatic II and 50mm f/1.4 SMC Takumar.
E100G lacks the red and blue response E200 holds in spades, but is more sensitive to greens. That is typically a bad formula for an astro film, as skyglow and manmade light pollution would record predominantly.
Reciprocity looks good and with a one stop push this film would be a great alternative to E200 if shooting the brightest regions of our Milky Way, such as those in Sagittarius and Ophiuchus. Star colors are well rendered.
As seen here, the film did record the California nebula and a very pale blue Pleiades. More interesting however is that it handily shows the Taurus Dark Cloud and what appears to be the Zodiacal Band running through Taurus.
Imaging telescope or lens:Astro Tech AT66ED
Imaging camera:Canon T1i Full Spectrum
Mount:Celestron CG-4 MotorDrive
Guiding telescope or lens:MEADE 50mm Finder Guidescope
Guiding camera:ZWO ASI120MM
Focal reducer:Astro Tech 0.8x Reducer/Flattener
Software:DeepSky Stacker (DSS) DSS 3.3.2, Open Guiding PHD2 Guiding, Adobe Photoshop CS4 Photoshop CS4 , Stark Labs Nebulosity Nebulosity 2.1.2
Filter:Orion SkyGlow Imaging Filter
Resolution: 5994x9520
Dates:Jan. 13, 2019
Frames: 95x120"
Integration: 3.2 hours
Avg. Moon age: 6.66 days
Avg. Moon phase: 42.39%
Data source: Backyard
A tumbling satellite can be observed just left of NU Ori in the image, a few satellites passed my fov when imaging this object.
I took these photos on January 4th after attempting to capture comet 45P/Honda–Mrkos–Pajdušáková, sadly it was too low on the horizon for me to discern from the skyglow. These were the first images I took with my new optical system by which I am very happy with it's efficiency and field of view.
Capture:
Orion Newtonian Astrograph 8"
(F/4): Canon 550D
Exposures: 1x65"
ISO 1600
Processing: Photoshop for curves, color alteration, noise reduction.
Equipment
Imaging Telescopes Or Lenses
Celestron EdgeHD 8"
Imaging Cameras
QHYCCD QHY163M
Mounts
Vixen GPDX
Filters
Astronomik H-alpha CCD 12nm 2" · Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2" · Meade Blue 2" · SVBony OIII 7nm 2"
Accessories
Celestron 0.7X Reducer EdgeHD800 (94242) · OnStep Telescope Mount Goto Controller
Software
Adobe Photoshop · Aries Productions Astro Pixel Processor (APP) · Open PHD Guiding Project PHD2 · Stefan Berg Nighttime Imaging 'N' Astronomy (N.I.N.A. / NINA)
Acquisition details
Dates:
Sept. 18, 2022
Frames:
Astronomik H-alpha CCD 12nm 2": 30×120″(1h) bin 2×2
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2": 61×120″(2h 2′) -10°C bin 2×2
Meade Blue 2": 30×120″(1h) bin 1×1
SVBony OIII 7nm 2": 30×120″(1h) bin 2×2
Integration:
5h 2′
Darks:
100
Bias:
100
Avg. Moon age:
22.68 days
Avg. Moon phase:
44.40%
Basic astrometry details
Astrometry.net job: 6597199
RA center: 03h11m36s.5
DEC center: +53°21′10″
Pixel scale: 0.518 arcsec/pixel
Orientation: 251.661 degrees
Field radius: 0.417 degrees
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Resolution: 4691x3404
File size: 16.8 MB
Data source: Backyard
I moved the Sharpstar coma corrector to this scope and am very pleased with the results. It actually reduces the FL by 5% to F 4.8 and gives good results to the edges of the 4/3rds sensor. Downside is it need quite a bit of back focus...which isn't a problem since the Apertura comes as more an imaging than visual newtonian.
Equipment
Imaging Telescopes Or Lenses
Apertura 6" f/5 Imaging Newtonian
Imaging Cameras
QHYCCD QHY163C
Mounts
Vixen Super Polaris
Filters
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2"
Accessories
Sharpstar 2" 0.95× coma corrector (CRC2095)
Software
Adobe Photoshop · Aries Productions Astro Pixel Processor (APP) · Open PHD Guiding Project PHD2 · Stefan Berg Nighttime Imaging 'N' Astronomy (N.I.N.A. / NINA)
Acquisition details
Dates:
July 5, 2023
Frames:
Baader Neodymium Moon & Skyglow 2": 92×120″(3h 4′)
Integration:
3h 4′
Avg. Moon age:
17.10 days
Avg. Moon phase:
93.97%
Basic astrometry details
Astrometry.net job: 7994022
RA center: 00h00m16s.8
DEC center: +60°10′48″
Pixel scale: 1.085 arcsec/pixel
Orientation: 170.251 degrees
Field radius: 0.874 degrees
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Resolution: 4617x3514
File size: 15.2 MB
Data source: Backyard
The Sonoran Desert at sunset - Saguaro National Park, Arizona
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