This glass reduces rather than magnifies. Cartographers often produced a final map at 50-75 percent of its draft size, and this tool allowed them to visualize how their draft line work would appear at the final size.

 

My attempt at keeping was was left intact which was pretty much useless but

at least it's still somewhat there.

DESIGNERE G Van De Stadt

BUILDERSouthern Ocean Shipyard

DATE

Launched 1977

Completed 1978

Refit 2002/3

 

CONSTRUCTIONGRP

LOA

75' / 22.86m

 

LWL65' / 19.81m

BEAM17'6" / 5.36m

DRAFT9'2" / 2.8m

DISPLACEMENT85900lbs / 39 metric tons

PRICE

PRICE REDUCED

EUR 350,000 VAT paid in EU

 

LOCATIONWestern Mediterranean

 

Accommodation Plan

  

(click here for larger view)

 

FULL SPECIFICATION:

 

CONSTRUCTION

Built to Lloyds 100A and LMC. Classification withdrawn at original owner's request in 1986. White Awlgrip painted GRP hull, deck and coachroof; forward and main companionway hatches. GRP bulwarks with broad teak cappings. Laid teak over deck. 2 x teak deck box lockers for 6 gas bottlers (port) and general stowage (starboard). Self-draining cockpit with laid teak over seats and sole. Laid teak-faced hatch in cockpit sole accesses engine room. Opening gates in cockpit coaming port and starboard.

 

Encapsulated lead fin keel. Internal trimming ballast moulded in on starboard side to compensate for generator and galley. Skeg hung rudder. Teak wheel with Whitlock rod and gear steering system.

 

Interior joinery: sycamore and elm panelling with teak trim. Teak-faced plywood cabin soles.

 

HARDWARE

Main entry sliding-top hatch has 2 vertical drop-boards: one of teak/teak-faced plywood, second is metal framed clear acrylic. The boards independently drop down to stow in adjacent slots.

Stainless steel tube framed sprayhood over main entry with ingenious facility to remove the fabric hood.

Custom designed and fabricated stainless steel main boom support crutch. Folds down flat to coachroof when sailing.

Sliding forehatch over crew quarters and fixed teak ladder to deck.

9 x Lewmar deck hatches

Stainless steel framed windows in forward coachroof and one in aft end of aft coachroof

4 x opening windows in cockpit well

2 x opening windows in each side of aft superstructure

6 x stainless steel strainers over margin plank scuppers.

Mushroom ventilators: 2 on foredeck, 2 on aft deck, 3 in aft superstructure

2 x chromed air scoops by mizzen mast step

4 x deck prisms set into foredeck.

4 x pad eye sockets in way of mainmast

4 x stainless steel enclosed fairleads in bulwarks.

4 x stainless steel fairleads.

6 x sets large mooring bitts: fwd, midships, aft.

Stainless steel stemhead fitting with twin rollers and attachment for headsail furler

Stainless steel pulpit with teak seat and P&S lights attached on bracket

2 x double rail quarter guards with gate between. Stainless Steel quarter guards each with a vertical wood pad - port for outboard motor stowage, starboard for EPIRB. Sockets for ensign staff and sport-fishing rods

Stainless steel stanchion bases and stanchions, braced at gates to port and starboard.

Stainless steel mizzen mast step on aft coachroof astern of cockpit above stainless steel tube compression strut, which passes through Master Stateroom to stand on hull centreline.

2 x aluminium headsail tracks (mounted on cap rails P&S) each with roller car and slider

2 x Lewmar stainless steel staysail tracks each with roller car

Lewmar X-section alloy mainsheet track with Lewmar roller car and end stops on coachroof ahead of sprayhood.

Lewmar stainless steel mizzen track on aft deck immediately aft of superstructure

4 x large stainless steel foot blocks on substantial laminated teak plinths.

  

WINCHES By Lewmar:

Cockpit coaming: 2 x 700ST hydraulic primary winches.

2 x 65ST staysail sheets

2 x 55ST running backstay

Main hatch (under sprayhood to starboard)

1 x 48ST mainsheet track control

Deck at main mast 1 x 58ST

Main mast 5 x 44ST

2 x 40

1 x 48ST

Mizzen mast 4 x 34ST

4 x winch handles

  

GROUND TACKLE etc

2003 Sanguinetti horizontal 2500W electric anchor windlass with chain gypsy and

warping drum. Manual control or by foot switch

Bruce 75kg anchor with 60m stainless steel chain and 75m galvanised chain (last galvanised 2003)

CQR 50kg anchor with 20m chain

Warps and fenders

  

SPARS & RIGGING

Ketch rigged

Spars are all painted white Awlgrip to a very high standard. All standing rigging is 1x19 stainless steel wire.

 

Main mast by John Powell. Aluminium. Keel stepped, 2 spreader rig with forestay and inner forestay, cap shrouds and intermediate shrouds. Both forestays carry roller furling foils. The main forestay has a Reckmann hydraulic furler. The inner stay furler has an electric powered Bamar MEJ unit. Fore and aft lower shrouds. Standing backstay to mizzen step. PBO runners to shrouded Antal blocks. Harken luff track and car for mainsail. Spinnaker pole is stowed to fore side of mast on Harken track and car. Boom gooseneck fitting to mast and securing plate/swivel for Bamar boom vang are made in stainless steel to an impressive standard.

 

Mainsail boom is set up for slab reefing with lazy jacks and is dressed with a permanently fitted "catcher" sail bag.

 

Mizzen mast by Velscaf srl, Genova, Italy (2012). Aluminium. Deck stepped single spreader rig Spreaders are swept back and the intermediate shrouds pass over them. Cap shrouds run directly to the masthead. Fore and aft lower shrouds. "Parrot perch" single strut to fore side of mast with single diagonal shroud. Twin standing backstays from masthead to transom corners. Stainless steel bracket to fore side of mast for radar scanner.

 

Mizzen boom is set up for slab reefing and is dressed with permanently fitted "catcher" sail bag.

 

Lewmar Commander 5 System hydraulics for genoa roller furler and primaries

  

SAILS

By OneSails Italy (2003)

Fully battened mainsail

Roller furling genoa

Roller furling staysail

Mizzen

Genniker - 3600ft2

All Spectra except genniker

 

Dacron storm jib

Easy Stow main and mizzen sail covers (remain on booms).

 

ENGINE

Volvo Penta 180hp diesel (2008)

Flexible engine mounts.

Borg Warner Velvet Drive 2:1 reduction hydraulic gearbox.

Gearbox oil pressure and temperature alarms.

Monel shaft with seawater lubricated cutless bearing.

MaxProp V2 630mm propeller

Spare fixed propeller

Hydraulic disc type shaft brake

Engine hours @12.10.10 = 423

Engine access is via a flush teak hatch in the cockpit sole and via removable panels in the aft passageway.

MAX MARINE, Model T.A.S.I. Fire fighting system, date 2002, R.I.N.A. approved. Dir. 059/99, in engine room.

 

ELECTRICS

Kohler 13kW generator.

Engine hours @12.10.10 = 882

2 x Whisper 1.3kW generators in lazarette (start off service batteries)

Engine hours @12.10.10 = 960 (starboard), 527 (port)

 

2 x Victron Energy 80Ah battery chargers/isolation transformer for 220/240V shorepower

Victron Energy 3000V inverter (2008)

Batteries:

2 x 12V 100Ah for main engine (2008)

1 x 12V 100Ah for Kohler generator start

12 x 2V (= 24V) 850Ah lead/acid for service (2010)

2 x 12V 100Ah lead-acid for bow thruster (2008)

 

Port and starboard navigation lights

Stern light

Masthead tri-colour/steaming light

Deck lights under spreaders

 

MACHINERY

Sea Recovery watermaker - output 4000 litres per day

Condaria air conditioning 36,000BTU

Vetus 11kW bow thruster in 300mm tube

 

TANKS

Fuel: 2000 litres integral grp tanks

Fresh water: 2000 litres integral grp tanks

Black water: 500 litres

Grey water: 350 litres integral grp tanks

Hot water: 100 litres

 

INSTRUMENTS Brookes & Gatehouse Hydra 2 multi-system: echo sounder, log/speed meter, wind speed, wind direction and compass. 20/20 display at main entry hatch under spray hood.

NX-300 Navtex

Furuno radar with scanner on bracket to fore side of mizzen mast

Robertson AP22 autopilot

Lorenz C-Map NT Starlight Plus - displays in nav. area and at helm

Shipmate RS400 VHF radio

Handheld VHF

Thrane & Thrane satcom for voice/internet connection

Skanti SSB (not usable, retained in place simply to fill bulkhead recess)

VEB Seimgeratebau barograph.

5 Kelvin Hughes barometer.

2 x Kelvin Hughes chronometers: 3 & 5 .

  

AUDIO VISUAL

LG 28 plasma TV

EQUIPMENT Sony hifi

2 x waterproof speakers in cockpit

LG TV in crew mess

 

GENERAL EQUIPMENT

2003 Novamarine RH 400 tender

2003 Mercury 40hp outboard motor

Stainless steel framed, teak stepped, folding boarding ladder. Can be deployed either P&S in fitted sockets by gate in guardrails

Teak grating passerelle with stainless steel stanchions and attachment fitting

Deck cockpit awning

Bimini

Blue towelling covered sun mattresses

Varnished teak dining table hinged to steering pedestal

 

SAFETY EQUIPMENT

Hydra 12 person liferaft, canister packed. Last packed 05/2010. Next service due

05/2012. Stowed in teak cradle by mainmast. Blue fabric cover

McMurdo EPIRB mounted on quarter guard wood pad

2 x horseshoe lifebuoys, orange in white fabric covers, mounted on guard rails.

Circular orange lifebuoy mounted on fwd starboard guardrail

Emergency tiller in lazarette with screw cover plate on aft coachroof to access rudder stock

MAX MARINE, Model T.A.S.I. Fire fighting system, date 2002, R.I.N.A. approved, Dir. 059/99, in engine room.

Various hand-held fire extinguishers

3 x good torches, each clipped beneath a separate step of the accommodation ladder, within reach from the cockpit

5 x stainless steel fixed hoops to lower part of cockpit well for safety harness attachment

8 x semi-inflatable lifejackets

3 x full offshore life jackets

3 x foam type child's life jackets

 

DOMESTIC EQUIPMENT

Alpes Inox gas/electric gimballed cooker.

Microwave oven.

Double stainless steel sink.

Dishwasher.

2 x 110 litres large top-opening freezers.

2 x 120 litres refrigerators.

2 x drinks refrigerators in saloon - total 50 litres

Candy washing machine in fo'c'sle

3 x WCs.

 

ACCOMMODATION

Forepeak:

Features one crew berth to port, with lockers above and below. Washing machine to starboard.

 

Leading aft to a separate crew head/ shower compartment with wash basin and mirror to starboard and head to port. Vertical steps to forehatch on aft bulkhead

 

Crew Dinette:

Aft to starboard, with a table with banquette seats either end, and a single stool. The table may be adapted to form a single berth. Ample storage.

 

Captain's Cabin:

To port of crew dinette, and closed off by sliding doors. Finished in sycamore. Features single lower berth and double upper berth, writing table, ample storage space in lockers, mirror and washbasin.

 

Central Passageway:

Leading aft

 

Port Guest Cabin:

Finished in sycamore. Single lower berth and double upper berth, hanging locker, stool, storage space, wash basin, mirror.

 

Across the passageway to starboard is the spacious Guest Head/Shower with shower stall, head, wash basin and mirror. This shared with the:

 

Starboard Guest Cabin:

Finished in sycamore. Single lower berth and wider single upper berth, hanging locker, storage lockers, a wash basin and mirror.

 

Galley:

Situated opposite the starboard guest cabin. Generous storage space in lockers. May be closed off by a sliding door.

 

Two steps lead up into the Saloon:

Well-lit by generous window area and finished in sycamore. Gimballed sycamore dining table to port on a stainless steel base; folds to form coffee table. Generous storage space beneath banquette seating on port side. Seating is for eight people around the dining table when employing three aluminium folding chairs which can be removed and specially stowed. Small drinks refrigerators on either side of the opening to the forward passageway. Settee in forward starboard corner with wine stowage beneath

 

Navigation Station:

To starboard aft corner of the saloon.

 

3rd Guest Cabin is accessed from the port aft corner of the saloon. Upper and lower single berths. Cupboard with small chest of drawers beneath.

 

Aft Passageway:

Runs right aft from saloon between navigation station and companionway steps to the Master Stateroom. To its inboard side, large panels may easily be lifted out for excellent access to the engine room. To the outboard side are twin doors which when opened reveal the well appointed Master head/shower compartment, and at the same time isolate that compartment from the forward and aft sections of the passageway. To the aft end of the passageway, at its outboard side, is a heated/vented locker for foul weather gear.

 

Master Stateroom Head/Shower Compartment:

Shower stall with teak seat and sole grating, wash basin, head and extractor fan.

 

Master Stateroom:

Accessed by door from the aft passageway. Finished in elm and occupying the full beam of the yacht. Large double berth to port and a single berth to starboard. Dressing table with stool. Large mirror. Two hanging wardrobes; one with full length mirror. Ten drawers and various lockers provide ample storage space. The stateroom is well-lit by natural light.

  

BERTH DIMENSIONS & HEADROOMS

 

SALOON HEADROOM 2.20m

SMALL TWIN CABIN OFF SALOON headroom 2m

Lengths 1.95m

Widths @ mid length 72cm

 

MASTER STATEROOM HEAD/SHOWER headroom 1.85m in shower

1.95m elsewhere

 

MASTER STATEROOM headroom 1.9m

Double berth length 1.96m

Width @ mid 1.47m

Max width @ head 65cm

Single berth length 2m

 

AFT PASSAGEWAY 1.85m

Width 53cm

 

FWD PASSAGEWAY headroom 1.90m

 

GALLEY headroom 1.94m

 

STARBOARD TWIN CABIN headrooom 1.92m

Lengths 1.85m

Upper Single

Width @ 86cm

Lower Single

Width @ 56cm

 

PORT TWIN CABIN headroom 2.01m

Lengths 1.94m

Upper Double

Width @ mid 94cm

Width @ head 1.09m

Lower Single

Width @ mid 58cm

Width @ head 66cm

 

STARBOARD HEAD/SHOWER headroom 1.85m

 

CREW MESS headroom 1.86m

PORT CREW TWIN CABIN headroom 1.86m

Lengths 2.06m

Upper Double

Width @ mid 94cm

Lower Single

Width @ mid 64cm

 

CREW HEAD SHOWER 1.84m under closed hatch

 

FOC'S'LE CABIN headroom 1.68m

Length 2.06m

Width @ mid 58cm

  

REMARKS

SAQUILA is no ordinary production yachts. She was built to Lloyds Register Classification 100A-Yacht and LMC under supervision. The first owners maintained her Class until June 1986 when they requested withdrawal.

 

We've known SAQUILA from the late 1980s and sold her in New England in 1993. Thus we were delighted to be offered Central Agency for sale by the present owner. We responded very quickly by visiting SAQUILA in Italy. This yacht was special at her birth with excellent and practical systems and high quality of joinery so we knew what to expect. On arrival we were truly astonished by what we saw! The owner, an experienced yachtsman, had brought an extremely good Ocean 75 up to technical and cosmetic standards of a very, very high order. Just having funds to put into a yacht is not enough. It takes the knowledge, experience and determination of a born perfectionist to do what has benefitted SAQUILA. We have sold several Ocean 71s and 75s over the years. A few were very good but we have never seen one to match SAQUILA as she is now.

 

All spars have had close attention with removal of hardware for painting. The mainmast vang bracket is of new stainless steel to an improved design. A Harken track for luff cars has been fitted to suit the new fully battened mainsail. The beautifully crafted mizzen on-deck step serves several functions. A new addition is a stainless steel folding A-frame crutch on the coachroof which supports the boom when deployed and then folds down flat to stow. Original fittings include an anchor wash system on the bow pulpit with stainless steel water supply tubing. A small thing to mention? Not when the anchor comes up covered in mud! Electrical wiring for the running lights on the pulpit passes along a second stainless steel tube. Stainless steel strainers for deck water are flush with the teak deck, covering the scuppers which are integral within the hull. 2 large deck boxes accommodate to port the gas bottles and to strawboard general stowage. There are chocks for the tender on the foredeck.

 

A major feature of SAQUILA is the attention given to ventilation prior to build. This includes integral Dorade vents in the main coachroof to serve the saloon. There is other ventilation to the Master Stateroom and head/shower, crew quarters and galley, engine room and batteries. There are 8 opening windows and 9 Lewmar deck hatches.

 

SAQUILA's deck arrangements centre round her comfortable and well sheltered cockpit which is easy to enter from the side decks. The steering pedestal is at the aft end of the cockpit with instrument dials on a neat console. Other instrument repeaters are located beneath the sprayhood just forward of the main sliding hatch. To helm SAQUILA is a joy. Her Whitlock mechanical steering system delivers the feel which sailing is all about. Two teak decked locker lids on the aft deck open to reveal stowage space and the two Whisper generators.

 

SAQUILA's accommodation, thanks to an abundance of windows and hatches and the choice of the light hued sycamore and elm joinery provides an impression of space and quality. In present ownership a third twin guest cabin has been cleverly installed to port of the engine. Headroom is good throughout the yacht.

 

A clever and very sensible feature is the positioning of a good flashlight beneath each of three steps of the companion ladder at the main accommodation hatch. This further underlines the thought which has been put into SAQUILA and her systems.

 

SAQUILA is a yacht which may be bought and cruised without a need to catch up on a previous owner's maintenance "economies". She's good-looking and with a pleasing sheer line. At her price, she offers really exceptional value. We like her very much, and urge you to inspect.

This glass reduces rather than magnifies. Cartographers often produced a final map at 50-75 percent of its draft size, and this tool allowed them to visualize how their draft line work would appear at the final size.

 

What is a Raptor?

 

By botanical definition it is a bird of prey.

 

By Ford's SVT definition it is the ultimate off-road, go-fast expression of the Ford F-150 pickup truck. The Raptor features a 6.2 liter edition of Ford' family Vee-eight engine, with 411 bhp and 434 lb.ft of torque. Driving through oversize tyres, the Raptor is most at home jumping dunes at speed.

 

With all the torque available, the Raptor can spin all four wheels on tarmac (in front of the police - opps, sorry!).

 

A reduced payload allows for the long travel front and rear suspension, featuring FOX shock-absorbers. The track width is increased to allow for the extra wheel travel, and fill out the beefy wheel guards.

 

The Raptor was initially released as a SuperCab only, with the short 5 1/2 ft box on the 133.3" wheelbase. Available now also in the SuperCrew cabin, again with the 5 1/2 ft box, but on the 145.2" wheelbase. The Supercrew has now proven to be even more popular, frequently featuring as a tow vehicle for dune-racers competing with their SuperCab race vehicles.

 

At first glance a totally pointless vehicle, SVT Raptors are nonetheless a lot of fun, sound great, and always turn heads. They are also the ultimate off-road F-Truck.

 

This Lego model SVT Raptor has been modelled for Flickr LUGNuts 60th Build Challenge, - our 5th birthday, to the 58th Build Challenge theme, - 'Order by Numbers' Nr. 10 - A Vehicle to Handle Any Extreme Terrain.

 

If you are travelling in Thailand for any length of time, there is one iconic image that you may see crop up time and again on postcards and in guide-books. The photograph of a Buddha head entwined within the roots of a tree is one of the most recognizable images from Thailand.

 

The location of this site is Wat Mahathat in Ayutthaya. This ancient temple was built during the 14th century, but was reduced to ruins in 1767 when the Burmese army invaded Ayutthaya, the capital of Siam. The temple was destroyed by the Burmese who also vandalised many of the Buddha images in Ayutthaya by lopping off the heads. The area remained abandoned and overgrown until the 1950s when the Department of Fine Art began restoration work in Ayutthaya. Nobody knows for certain how the Buddha head became entwined in the roots of the tree. One theory suggests that the tree simply grew around the Buddha head during the period when the temple lay abandoned and overgrown. Another theory is that a thief moved the Buddha head away from the main temple to hide it. This may have happened in the early 1900s when it is known that one of the remaining areas of the temple collapsed and consequently led to treasure hunters digging in the area. After moving the stone Buddha head away from the ruined main temple, it is possible the thief never returned for his treasure or couldn’t move it any further beyond the walls that surround the temple. Instead, the stone Buddha head was abandoned by the wall not far from the entrance of Wat Mahathat where it can be seen today nestled in the tree roots which have grown around it.

 

When visiting this location please remember it is a sacred site. The presence of a guard and a discrete chain are there to remind visitors of the fact that they cannot touch the statue. You may take photos, but to be respectful these should be taken from a kneeling position.

 

Read more here

www.ayutthaya-history.com/Temples_Ruins_MahaThat.html

The colourful second-hand U.S Bluebird school buses have been an integral part of the Panama public transport network for years but are becoming a rarer sight.

 

According to local media, with a new transport system being developed, the traditional Red Devils imported to Panama throughout the last 40 years are now disappearing and are only used for a few specific routes.

As of Wednesday, Aug. 25, 2021, masks must be worn in all indoor public spaces throughout BC to help slow the transmission of COVID-19 as BC prepares for the fall and respiratory illness season.

 

Learn more:

news.gov.bc.ca/releases/2021HLTH0053-001665

The 2017 Paris Sevens was the 15th edition of the France Sevens, and the ninth tournament of the 2016–17 World Rugby Sevens Series. The tournament was played on 13–14 May 2017 at Stade Jean-Bouin in Paris.

South Africa won the Cup final, defeating Scotland by 15–5 to clinch the overall series title for the season with an unassailable lead over the defending champions Fiji New Zealand finished third in the Paris tournament, and Argentina won the Challenge trophy for ninth place.

The teams were drawn into four pools of four teams each. Each team played all the others in their pool once. The top two teams from each pool advanced to the Cup quarter finals. The bottom two teams from each group advanced to the Challenge Trophy quarter finals.

The 2016–17 World Rugby Sevens Series, known for sponsorship reasons as the HSBC World Rugby Sevens Series, is the 18th annual series of rugby sevens tournaments for national rugby sevens teams. The Sevens Series has been run by World Rugby since 1999–2000.

The 2016–17 Series also serves as a qualifying tournament for the 2018 Rugby World Cup Sevens. Nine of the core teams have already qualified for that tournament. The top four finishers in the 2016–17 Series from among the remaining six core teams will qualify for the 2018 RWC Sevens.

In this series, World Rugby abolished the minor trophies of Plate, Bowl and Shield that were previously awarded in the finals play-offs at each tournament. While the winner's Cup was retained as the major trophy, the awarding of gold, silver and bronze medals to players from the three respective top-placed teams was introduced for this series. A Challenge Trophy was established for teams competing in the lower bracket of the finals play-offs at each tournament. Additionally, the playing time for Cup final matches was reduced from 20 minutes to 14 minutes, in line with all other tournament matches.

Rugby sevens is a variant of rugby union in which teams are made up of seven players playing seven minute halves, instead of the usual 15 players playing 40 minute halves. Rugby sevens is administered by World Rugby, the body responsible for Rugby Union worldwide. The game is popular at all levels, with amateur and club tournaments generally held in the summer months. Sevens is one of the most well distributed forms of rugby, and is popular in parts of Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas, and especially in the South Pacific. Rugby sevens is commonly referred to by rugby union media and fans as simply "sevens".

Rugby sevens originated in Melrose, Scotland in the 1880s; the Melrose Sevens tournament is still played annually. The popularity of rugby sevens increased further with the development of the Hong Kong Sevens in the 1970s, the World Rugby Sevens Series in 1999, and more recently with the 2009 vote by the International Olympic Committee to bring rugby back to the Olympics beginning in 2016.

The main competition for rugby sevens is the World Rugby Sevens Series, a series of seven to twelve tournaments played each year from approximately November to May. Rugby sevens is also played at some quadrennial events. The main quadrennial events are the Rugby World Cup Sevens and the Summer Olympics. Rugby sevens is now recognised as an Olympic sport and made its debut in the 2016 Summer Olympics. This followed a vote by the International Olympic Committee in 2009 to include the sport. Rugby sevens is also played at regional events, such as the Commonwealth Games and the Pan American Games.

Rugby sevens is sanctioned by World Rugby, and is played under similar laws (with exceptions noted below) and on a field of the same dimensions as the 15 player game. While a regular rugby union match lasts at least 80 minutes, a normal sevens match consists of two halves of seven minutes with a two-minute half-time break. The final of a competition can be played over two halves of ten minutes each. (In the World Rugby Sevens Series, only the Cup final, which determines the overall winner of an event, is played with 10 minute halves; all finals for lower-level trophies are played with 7 minute halves). Sevens scores are generally comparable to regular rugby scores, but scoring occurs much more frequently in sevens, since the defenders are more spaced out. The scoring system is the same as regular rugby union, namely five points for a try, three points for a drop goal (whether from penalty or open play) and two points for a post-try conversion.

The shorter match length allows rugby sevens tournaments to be completed in a day or a weekend. Many sevens tournaments have a competition for a cup, a plate, a bowl, and a shield, allowing many teams of different standards to avoid leaving empty-handed.

Sevens tournaments are traditionally known for having more of a relaxed atmosphere than fifteen-a-side games, and are often known as "festivals". Sevens tournaments gained their "popularity as an end of season diversion from the dourer and sterner stuff that provides the bulk of a normal season's watching." Fans frequently attend in fancy dress, and entertainment is put on for them.

The Hong Kong Sevens tournament has been especially important in popularising the game in Asia, and rugby sevens has been important as a form of international rugby "evangelism", hence is perhaps the most widely played form of the game, with tournaments in places as far apart as Bogota and Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur and Kenya, Singapore and Scandinavia, as well as the countries in which rugby union is well known

Women's rugby sevens has been dominated by New Zealand, with either the New Zealand team (1999–2001) or Aotearoa Maori Women's Rugby sevens team (playing as New Zealand) winning the annual Hong Kong Sevens tournament from 1997 until 2007. The United States won the Hong Kong Sevens in 2008 by defeating Canada in the final (New Zealand failed to send a team).

A women's rugby sevens game in the USA

The inaugural Women's Rugby World Cup Sevens tournament took place in Dubai together with the men's tournament during the first weekend of March 2009. England defeated Canada 12–0 in the Bowl final while Australia edged New Zealand 15–10 in extra-time to become the first to win the Women's Rugby World Cup.

WR, then known as the International Rugby Board (IRB), organised its first official women's sevens tournament outside of the World Cup as part of the 2011 Dubai Sevens. This was part of a plan to launch a full IRB International Women's Sevens Series for 2012–13. The international series was officially christened as the IRB Women's Sevens World Series in an IRB announcement on 4 October 2012. The series, as planned, launched for the 2012–13 season and initially featured events in Dubai, the USA, China and the Netherlands. Two additional events were planned for the 2013–14 series, but in the end only one of these events, in Brazil, took place. For the 2014–15 series, China dropped from the schedule, while Canada and England hosted new events. The series was rechristened for 2014–15 as the World Rugby Women's Sevens Series, following the November 2014 renaming of the IRB as World Rugby. The 2015–16 series included only five events; the England and Netherlands events were dropped and an event in France was added. The 2016–17 series returned to six events with the launch of an event in Japan.

Women's rugby sevens was included in the 2016 Olympic Games due to the IRB's successful bid to reintroduce rugby to the Summer games. Australia claimed the gold medal for the event, beating New Zealand in the final with a score of 24-17. Canada claimed the bronze medal after beating Great Britain 33-10 in the third place play-off. WR also successfully pushed for the inclusion of women's sevens in the 2018 Commonwealth Games.

 

Paris accueillera la 9ème étape du HSBC Seven series.

Le Paris Sevens aura lieu du 13 au 15 mai, au Stade Jean-Bouin.

A l’issue du Tournoi de Singapour qui à vue le premier sacre du Canada, les poules pour Paris ont été dévoilées.

La France devra se défaire de l’Angleterre, du Kenya et de l’Espagne.

Devant ses fans, l’Equipe de France sera opposée à l’Angleterre, au Kenya et à l’Espagne dans la poule C. Pour se qualifier en quart-de-finale de Cup, les Bleus devront terminer à l’une des deux meilleures places de la poule C, au terme de la journée du samedi 13 mai.

POULE A : Afrique du Sud, Ecosse, Japon

POULE B : Nouvelle Zélande, Pays de Galles, Argentine

POULE C : Angleterre, Kenya, France, Espagne

POULE D : Australie, Fidji, Samoa, Russie

France Sevens , actuellement hébergé comme le Paris Sevens , est un tournoi international annuel de séminaires de rugby . L' événement fait partie de la Sevens World Series et a été accueilli à Bordeauxen 2004. La France a également accueilli des tournois dans la série Sevens Grand Prix , à Lyon .

De 1996 à 1999, le tournoi était connu sous le nom de Air France Sevens et, en 2000, il faisait partie de la série inaugurale IRB Sevens World Series.

La CISR a accueilli le tournoi à Bordeaux en 2004, avant de retourner à Paris pour 2005 et 2006 . L'événement a effectivement été remplacé dans la World Sevens Series par Scotland Sevens à Edinburgh pour lasaison 2006.

Entre 2011 et 2015, Lyon a organisé une étape du circuit européen, la Sevens Grand Prix Series .

La Série mondiale Sevens est revenue en France pour la saison 2015-16, avec la reprise du tournoi Paris Sevens en 2016.

Les IRB Sevens World Series sont créés en 1999-2000 et le tournoi parisien en fait partie. Les Néo-Zélandais conservent leur titre et s'imposent de nouveau en dominant largement l'Afrique du Sud sur le score de 69 à 10. Entre 2000 et 2004, les World Sevens Series passent par Cardiff, abandonnant le tournoi français.

En 2004, l'étape est cependant réintégré aux programme mondial. Elle se dispute cette année-là au Stade Chaban-Delmas à Bordeaux où la Nouvelle-Zélande l'emporte à nouveau en battant les Anglais 28 à 19 en finale. La saison suivante, elle fait son retour à Paris mais cette fois au Stade Jean-Bouin. C'est l'équipe de France qui est sacrée grâce à sa victoire 28 à 19 contre les fidjiens, première victoire française lors d'un tournoi des World Series. La compétition fait son retour à Charléty la saison suivante et elle connaît sa dernière édition avec une victoire de l'Afrique du Sud aux dépens de l'équipe des Samoa (33 à 12). La France n'organise pas l'édition 2007 en raison de la coupe du monde de rugby à XV qui disputera la même année. Les World Sevens Series intègrent alors l'Écosse dans le circuit mondial et Glasgow reste par la suite une étape annuelle.

L’élite mondiale du rugby à 7 a rendez-vous à Paris. Venez partager l’esprit Sevens et soutenir les Bleus les 13 & 14 mai prochains à Paris au stade Jean-Bouin !LES STARS DU RUGBY À 7 ONT RENDEZ-VOUS À PARIS

Avant dernière étape du circuit mondial rugby à 7 (HSBC World Rugby Sevens Series), les seize meilleures équipes internationales du rugby à 7 se réunissent pour s'affronter sur la pelouse de Jean-Bouin.

Le jeu à 7 est connu pour sa rapidité et son spectacle. Il va donc y avoir du jeu et de l’enjeu !

2 JOURS DE FÊTE NON STOP

Amateurs de rugby et/ou de fête, le HSBC Paris Sevens est fait pour vous !

Avec le Sevens, le spectacle est sur le terrain mais aussi dans les tribunes où l’ambiance bat son plein avec des supporters chantant et dansant parés de leur plus beau déguisement.

Paris ne va pas déroger à la règle : les 13 & 14 mai 2017, Jean-Bouin sera sportif ET festif ! Rempli de supporters français et du monde entier, remontés à bloc, l'Esprit Sevens sera au rendez-vous.

LE PROGRAMME Samedi 13 mai 2017 :

Le premier jour du tournoi est réservé aux matches de poules, décisifs pour accéder aux phases finales.

Dimanche 14 mai 2017 :

Le second jour est réservé aux phases finales, très importantes pour établir le classement final.

Sans oublier les nombreuses animations qui seront proposées dans les tribunes, dans les coursives et sur le parvis qui permettront aux spectateurs de vivre une expérience unique de fête, d’échange et de partage pendant ces 2 jours de compétition.

C’est la bonne nouvelle de ce samedi midi ! À Jean Bouin, les Bleus sont parfaitement entrés dans le Paris Sevens. Auteurs de quatre essais face à des Kenyans redoutables, récents vainqueurs du tournoi de Singapoure, les coéquipiers de Julien Candelon ont effectué une formidable deuxième mi-temps pour emporter le premier round du tournoi à 7 hexagonal (22-14). Visiblement revigorés par le retour à la compétition de Virimi Vakatawa, dont la puissance a causé de nombreux problèmes aux défenseurs kenyans, les Bleus ont envoyé un signal fort aux quelques 10 000 spectateurs présents depuis 11 heures ce matin, Porte d’Auteuil.

En fin de match, le tricolore Manuel Dall’Igna analysait : « Les Kenyans nous ont cueillis à froid par un essai magnifique. De notre côté, nous nous sommes un peu précipités en rendant des ballons au pied. A 14-5, on s’est fait peur et, à l’avenir, nous devrons également resserrer les boulons en défense. Mais l’essentiel est sauf ». De ce match, on retiendra le « off-load » magnifique de Virimi Vakatawa et l’essai de cinquante mètres aplati par Julien Candelon, après un raffut magnifique. La prochaine étape, pour les Bleus, se disputera à 16 heures contre l’Angleterre.

Vainqueurs de l'Ecosse lors de la finale du Paris Sevens (15-5), ce dimanche, l'Afrique du Sud est déjà assurée de remporter le circuit mondial.

L'Afrique du Sud a remporté dimanche le tournoi de rugby à 7 de Paris en battant l'Écosse en finale (15-5). C'est le cinquième tournoi (sur neuf joués) remporté par les Blitzboks cette saison. Les Sud-Africains sont assurés de remporter le circuit mondial avant même la dernière étape à Londres, le week-end prochain. Ils succèdent au palmarès aux Fidji, victorieux des deux dernières éditions.

La troisième place du tournoi a été prise par la Nouvelle-Zélande, qui a battu l'Angleterre en petite finale (12-5). Les Bleus, eux, ont terminé septièmes.

Le rugby à sept (ou rugby à 7) est la variante du rugby à XV qui se joue par équipes de sept joueurs sur le terrain (plus les remplaçants). Le rugby à sept reprend les caractères communs du rugby à XV : deux équipes qui se disputent un ballon ovale, le ballon joué à la main (passes) ou au pied (coups), des formes de mêlées et de touches, un objectif qui consiste à marquer plus de points que l'adversaire en réussissant soit des essais soit des buts.

Le rugby à sept est originaire d'Écosse et s'est développé dans la seconde moitié du xxème siècle dans les pays anglo-saxons (Afrique du Sud, Nouvelle-Zélande, Australie, Royaume-Uni), puis en France. Le 9 octobre 2009, le rugby à sept devient un sport olympique à partir des Jeux olympiques de Rio de Janeiro 2016, où l'équipe masculine des Fidji et l'Australie du côté des dames, ont remporté les premières médailles d'or.

En 1976, Ian Gow et Tokkie Smith, président de la filiale de Rothmans à Hong-Kong et entrepreneur sud-africain ressuscitent le jeu à sept en organisant un tournoi réunissant douze équipes à Hong-Kong. C'est un succès qui va entraîner la création de plusieurs autres tournois.

En 1993 à Édimbourg en Écosse a lieu la première coupe du monde de rugby à sept mettant aux prises 24 équipes nationales. Cette coupe du monde de rugby à sept aura désormais lieu tous les quatre ans.

En 1999-2000, l'IRB (International Rugby Board) organise une série de dix tournois internationaux, l'IRB World Sevens Series, qui couronne la meilleure nation sur l'ensemble de la saison.

Le 9 octobre 2009, le Comité international olympique intègre le rugby à 7 parmi les sports présents aux Jeux olympiques d'été et ce à compter des jeux de 2016 L'arrivée du rugby à 7 dans le programme olympique entraîne d'abord un arrêt de la Coupe du monde de rugby à 7 après l'édition de 2013 en Russie (qui est attribuée à la Nouvelle-Zélande après son écrasante victoire face à l'Angleterre 33 à 0). Cependant, en juin 2013, l'IRB décide que la compétition sera maintenue et se tiendra tous les quatre ans à partir de 2018.

Les règles de base du rugby à 7 sont fondées sur celles de son homologue à XV. Les différences y sont, comme on peut s'y attendre, principalement liées au nombre réduit de joueurs. La liste de variations officielles est détaillée dans un document de World Rugby. (Ci-dessous, entre parenthèses figure la version correspondante du rugby à XV.)

Joueurs : Par équipe, il y a 7 joueurs sur le terrain (15). Hors terrain, 5 remplaçants (7) et 3 remplacements possibles (8) au maximum sont permis par équipe. Un joueur remplacé peut revenir en jeu sauf en cas de blessure ouverte ou saignante (c'est possible à 15). Les mêlées se font avec 3 avants (8) par camp. Comme au rugby à XV, les joueurs sont classés par poste : en ligne avant, deux piliers et un talonneur qui forment la mêlée ; les arrières, 2 demis de mêlée et d'ouverture, 1 centre, et un ailier-arrière. Du fait que le terrain est le même qu'à 15, la faible densité de joueurs rend le jeu plus dynamique et les essais beaucoup plus fréquents. De ce fait également, le gabarit des joueurs est moins massif.

Temps de jeu : Un match est joué en deux mi-temps de 7 minutes (40) au plus de temps de jeu (non arrêté), avec une pause de 1 minute au plus (10 à 15) pour changer de côté. Une finale de tournoi peut durer 2 fois 10 min, avec au plus 2 min de pause. En cas d'égalité (match nul), ce temps de jeu est suivi d'une ou plusieurs prolongations de 5 min jusqu'à ce qu'une équipe l'emporte par les premiers points marqués (ordinairement 2 prolongations de 10 min, puis tirs au but).

Marque : Une transformation se fait par coup de pied tombé (anglais drop goal), dans les 40 secondes (ordinairement par coup de pied placé, et 90 s). L'équipe qui a marqué effectue la remise en jeu (c'est l'adversaire qui remet en jeu), par un drop goal qui doit atteindre la ligne des 10 mètres adverse. En prolongations, les premiers points marqués déterminent le vainqueur final.

Arbitrage : Il y a un juge d'en-but par côté (les juges de touche vont dans l'en-but) qui aidé par un juge de touche signale le passage de pénalités et transformations. Un joueur exclu temporairement pour anti-jeu ou jeu dangereux (carton jaune) l'est pour une durée de 2 min (10 min) : une telle suspension engendre une faiblesse très sévère de son équipe du fait qu'1 joueur sur 7 est exclu (1 sur 15). La règle de l'avantage est rapide, durant habituellement un temps de jeu (plusieurs). Nombre de pénalités suivant des fautes de jeu se font par un tir libre (free kick) du centre de la ligne médiane (proche du lieu de la faute), au choix à la volée ou en drop goal (en coup de pied placé). pour un tir au but, cela doit se faire dans les 30 secondes (60 s)

Tatsächlich, reduziert

Lotus F1 Car on display in the RIAT Tech Zone. Smaller in real life I thought than on the TV screen and as it was restricted light I was on reduced depth of field.

 

The Do-335 was one of a small group of aircraft marking the pinnacle of international piston-engined development. It was the fastest production piston-engined fighter ever built, attaining 846 kilometers per hour (474 mph) in level flight at a time when the official world speed record was 755 kph (469 mph). Powered by two 1800-hp engines in a unique low-drag configuration and weighing 9600 kg (21,000 lb) loaded, it was an exceptional heavy fighter. This very innovative design also featured an ejection seat, for pilot safety, and a jettisoning fin.

 

The unconventional layout of the Do-335 -- one engine "pulling" in the nose and another "pushing" in the tail - was patented by Claudius Dornier in 1937. The configuration provided the power of two engines, but with reduced drag and better maneuverability. The German Aviation Ministry (RLM) was interested in the design, but initially wanted Dornier only to produce bombers. By 1942, Dornier was still continuing design work and the war situation was worsening. The Luftwaffe now needed a multi-purpose fighter, and the prototype Do-335V-1 ("V" indicating "versuchs" or "experimental") flew in fighter form in September, 1943 - six years after its conception. Orders were immediately placed for 14 prototypes, 10 A-0 preproduction aircraft, 11 production A-1 single-seaters, and 3 A-10 and A-12 two-seat trainers.

 

The aircraft was quite large for a single-seat fighter, with a cruciform tail and a tricycle landing gear. The two massive liquid-cooled Daimler-Benz DB-603 engines were used in four different versions, each displacing 44.5 liters (2670 cu in) and weighing 910 kg (2006 lb). The engine produced 1750 hp from 12 cylinders in an inverted V layout using fuel injection and an 8.3:1 compression ratio. The rear three-bladed propeller and dorsal fin were jettisoned by explosive bolts in an emergency, to allow the pilot to bail out safely using a pneumatic ejection seat. The seat, inclined 13 degrees to the rear, was ejected with a force of 20 times gravity. The ventral fin could be jettisoned for a belly landing.

 

Unlike a normal twin-engined aircraft, with wing-mounted engines, loss of an engine on the Do-335 did not cause a handling problem. Even with one engine out, speed was a respectable 621 kph (348 mph). Because of its appearance, pilots dubbed it the "Ant eater" ("Ameisenbar"), although they described its performance as exceptional, particularly in acceleration and turning radius. The Do-335 was very docile in flight and had no dangerous spin characteristics. Many Do-335 prototypes were built, as the Reich strained desperately to provide day and night fighters and fast reconnaissance aircraft to the failing war effort. One of the many RLM production plans, issued in December 1943, called for the production of 310 Do-335s by late 1945. Initial production was at the Dornier Manuel plant, but this factory was bombed heavily in March-April, 1944, and the Do-335 tooling was destroyed.

 

Ten Do-335A-0 preproduction aircraft were then produced at Dornier's Oberpfaffenhofen plant in July-October 1944, by which time the Allied bombing campaign was delaying arrivals of engines, propellers, radios, and structural subcomponents. This had a serious effect, because the Do-335 was not a simple aircraft: installation of the electronics alone took 60 hours of assembly, and the electrical parts list was 112 pages long. Production of Daimler-Benz engines, for example, was switched to factories set up in underground salt mines and gypsum mines, but high humidity caused corrosion problems and production dropped 40 percent. Although several preproduction aircraft were issued to combat conversion units some 10 months before the war ended, no Do-335s actually entered combat. Deliveries began to the 1st Experimental Squadron of the Commander-in-Chief of the Luftwaffe ( I/Versuchsverband Ob.d.L.) in late July 1944 for operational trials.

 

The first of the Do-335A-1 production version left the Dornier line at Friedrichshafen early in 1945, one of only four produced in 1945. It was armed with one 30 mm MK-103 cannon (70 rounds were carried) firing through the propeller hub and two 15 mm MG-151/15 cannon (200 rounds per gun) firing from the top of the forward engine. Even with the fighter situation as desperate as it was, these aircraft were still equipped to carry 500 kg (1100 lb) of bombs internally. Further operational testing, including use of air-to-ground guided missiles, began in Spring 1945 with Trials Unit (Erprobungskommando) 335.

 

The Do-335A-6 was to be a two-seat night fighter version with the advanced FFO FuG-217J Neptun radar having triple "trident"-like antennas (hence the name "Neptun") on the fuselage and wings, but only a prototype was completed. A total of 37 prototypes, 10 A-0s, 11 A-1s and 2 A-12 trainers were built, although nearly 85 additional aircraft were in assembly when U.S. troops overran the Friedrichshafen factory in late April, 1945. The Vienna-Swechat plant of the Ernst Heinkel AG was also scheduled to build the Do-335 beginning in February, 1945, but production never started.

 

The NASM aircraft is the second Do-335A-0, designated A-02, with construction number (werke nummer) 240102 and factory registration VG+PH. It was built at Dornier's Rechlin-Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, plant on April 16, 1945. It was captured by Allied forces at the plant on April 22, 1945. After checkout, it was flown from a grass runway at Oberweisenfeld, near Munich, to Cherbourg, France. During this flight, the Do-335 easily outclimbed and outdistanced two escorting P-51s, beating them to Cherbourg by 45 minutes. Under the U.S. Army Air Force's "Project Sea Horse," two Do-335s were shipped to the United States aboard the Royal Navy ship HMS "Reaper" together with other captured German aircraft, for detailed evaluation. This aircraft was assigned to the U.S. Navy, which tested it at the Test and Evaluation Center, Patuxent River Naval Air Station, Maryland. The other aircraft, with registration FE-1012 (later T2-1012), went to the USAAF at Freeman Field, Indiana, where it was tested in early 1946. Its subsequent fate is unknown, and this is the only Do-335 known to exist.

 

Following Navy flight tests in 1945-48, the aircraft was donated to the Smithsonian's National Air Museum in 1961 but was stored at NAS Norfolk until 1974. It was then returned to Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, where the Dornier company restored it to original condition in 1975. The return trip to Germany required an exemption under U.S. laws concerning the export of munitions. The Dornier craftsmen doing the restoration - many of whom had worked on the original aircraft -- were astonished to find that the explosive charges fitted to blow off the tail fin and rear propeller in an emergency were still in the aircraft and active, 30 years after their original installation! The Do-335 was put on static display at the May 1-9, 1976, Hannover Airshow, and then loaned to the Deutsches Museum in Munich, where it was on prominent display until returned to Silver Hill, MD, for storage in 1986.

 

Threaded Brass M/F Reducing Bushing Pipe Connector 3/4″ x 1/2″

Gallery Full Size: publicphoto.org/industries/threaded-brass-mf-reducing-bus...

Raised bed (Reduced) on Huntingdon Ring Road 19th June 2021 001

Governor O'Malley gives remarks at reducing violence against women and children press conference by Tom Nappi at Arnold, Maryland

Norwood Farms owners and producers Don and son Grant Norwood work with U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Farm Production and Conservation (FPAC) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) District Conservationist Ron Harrison to implement their crop rotation and residue management practices to reduce erosion leading to improved land use and crop production; they also practice no-till farming on nearly every acre in the operation, in Henry County, TN, on Sept 19, 2019.

 

The stover of remaining corn stalk stubs, leaves, and cobs that are expelled and and left behind the corn harvester becomes a cover crop. The stover can be seen between soybean crop.

 

Crop dusters adapted with a seed spreader can seed directly into standing corn and standing soybeans. This gives the seeds a chance to get established before it freezes. In the spring, the cover crop will grow up through the corn stover.

 

Norwood Farms have successfully established the building blocks of conservation with conservation crop rotation on the entire Norwood operation. The crops are rotated between corn, wheat, soybeans and in some cases, corn cover crops and soybeans cover crops. The practices are implemented to reduced erosion sediment in surface water and are leading to improved land use and crop production.

 

Conservation Crop Rotation (Practice Code 328) is a management practices where growing a planned sequence of various crops takes place on the same piece of land for a variety of conservation purposes. Crops included in conservation crop rotation include high-residue producing crops such as corn or wheat in rotation with low-residue- producing crops such as soybeans. Crop rotations vary with soil type, crops produced, farming operations, and how the crop residue is managed. The most effective crops for soil improvement is fibrous-rooted high-residue producing crops such as grass and small grain.

 

Residue and Tillage Management (Practice Code 329) is managing the amount, orientation and distribution of crop and other plant residue on the soil surface throughout the year. For our area, we are utilizing reduced tillage and no-till. Residue and Tillage Management should be used on all cropland fields, especially where excess sheet and rill erosion are a problem. Residue and tillage management is most effective when used with other conservation practices like grassed waterways, contouring, field borders, etc.

 

NRCS has a proud history of supporting America's farmers, ranchers, and forest landowners. For more than 80 years, we have helped people make investments in their operations and local communities to keep working lands working, boost rural economies, increase the competitiveness of American agriculture, and improve the quality of our air, water, soil, and habitat. As the USDA's primary private lands conservation agency, we generate, manage, and share the data, technology, and standards that enable partners and policymakers to make decisions informed by objective, reliable science. And through one-on-one, personalized advice, we work voluntarily with producers and communities to find the best solutions to meet their unique conservation and business goals. By doing so, we help ensure the health of our natural resources and the long-term sustainability of American agriculture.

 

Farm Production and Conservation (FPAC) is the Department's focal point for the nation's farmers and ranchers and other stewards of private agricultural lands and non-industrial private forest lands. FPAC agencies implement programs designed to mitigate the significant risks of farming through crop insurance services, conservation programs, and technical assistance, and commodity, lending, and disaster programs.

 

The agencies and services supporting FPAC are Farm Service Agency (FSA), NRCS, and Risk Management Agency (RMA).

 

For more information please see www.usda.gov

 

USDA Photo by Lance Cheung.

Chhattisgarh is a very young state, only 19 years old, and is currently on a growing trajectory. Its education system is catching up with the other states. The lack of proper educational infrastructure is definitely a problem but the government has joined hands with private players in the state and together they are uplifting higher education in the state. Among these private players is one of the Best University in Chhattisgarh, Dr CV Raman University, Bilaspur.

 

The 21st century is rightly named as the digital era and the internet has clearly taken over every aspect of our life, including education. Technology is the biggest driver of the education sector of any country and this college has definitely leveraged the use of the internet. From providing full-fledged computer labs to fully functional digitized libraries, the college has taken care of everything.

 

Technological evolutions like AI, ML, Data Science have had a resounding impact on the education sector and this college has included all these topics in their management courses Chhattisgarh. They are making sure that the state is at par with the changing scenario of the world around. Their curriculum also focuses on technology, innovation, general skills and business management which other colleges generally overlook.

 

According to the world economic forum, by 2025, demand for critical thinking and computer skills would increase by 20% which in turn would create 2.1 million jobs by 2020 in all related domains. Incorporation of digitized courses by the university helps its students learn critical thinking, innovation, problem solving and collaboration.

 

Exams from pen and paper have now moved to online portals, powerpoint presentations have taken the place of projects and the computer is taking over everything. This college has signed up for many online portals such as LMS, MOOC, KConnect and many more. Students directly get quizzes to solve, submit projects, divide into groups through online platforms are now getting the gist of technology.

  

CV Raman University is emerging as the Top Private College in Chhattisgarh and it is making sure that its students walk that path with them. They have clearly understood the outcomes of digitized education and have taken up the challenge to ensure that everyone gets to reap the benefits of it. The students of this college are involved in a more research-oriented and thought based learning process. The business world is rapidly moving towards newer technologies like IOT and Block Chain and the college organizes regular guest lectures from experts in the industry to keep the students up-to-date with the latest trends. The students, while graduating, are industry ready and take upon new challenges.

 

With the pace technology is moving at, the future of jobs will be defined by speed, scale and digitization. In order to embrace this change, India needs to skill their youth to ensure that we excel in it. This will help us raise the living standards of people in our country. All these transformational changes are bound to take higher education of the country to another level.

 

To Know More: cvru.ac.in/

   

Contains modified Pléiades data, provided by Euro Data Cube, processed by Pierre Markuse

 

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GB Railfreight Class 92, 92043 does its best to make up some time as it works the Caledonian Sleeper Up Highlander through Hartford.

 

The service was running around an hour late (and was similarly delayed on arrival at Euston) due to issues with the Mk5s during the shunt at Edinburgh.

 

This was also the first night of the reduced service in response to the second national lockdown due to the Covid-19 pandemic. In the latest revision to the timetable, only one train ran in each direction, serving Edinburgh and Inverness. The usual services to Glasgow, Aberdeen and Fort William were cancelled.

Mannheim Hbf

 

Platform 3 with light signals: approaching signal ('reduced speed ahead') and in the back a combined main and approach signal (proceed with reduced speed and proceed ahead)

ICE578 (DB series 401) bound for Hamburg ready for departure

 

Gleis 3 mit Lichtsignalen: Vorsignal ('Langsamfahrt erwarten' (Vr2)) und im Hintergrund kombiniertes Ausfahrthaupt- und Vorsignal ('Langsamfahrt' (Hp2) und 'Fahrt erwarten' (Vr1)), dazu das 'Abfahrsignal' (Zp9) und ein Richtungsanzeiger (Zs2')

ICE578 (DB Baureihe 401) nach Hamburg bereit zur Abfahrt

 

P1050141

The Bonneville Salt Flats are a densely packed salt pan in Tooele County in northwestern Utah. A remnant of the Pleistocene Lake Bonneville, it is the largest of many salt flats west of the Great Salt Lake. It is public land managed by the Bureau of Land Management and is known for land speed records at the Bonneville Speedway. Access to the Flats is open to the public.

 

The Flats are about 12 miles (19 km) long and 5 miles (8 km) wide, with a crust almost 5 ft (1.5m) thick at the center and less than one inch (2.5 cm) towards the edges. It is estimated to hold 147 million tons of salt, approximately 90% of which is common table salt.

 

Geologist Grove Karl Gilbert named the area after Benjamin Bonneville, a U.S. Army officer who explored the Intermountain West in the 1830s. In 1907, Bill Rishel and two local businessmen tested the suitability of the salt for driving by taking a Pierce-Arrow onto its surface.

 

A railway line across the Flats was completed in 1910, marking the first permanent crossing. The first land speed record was set there in 1914 by Teddy Tetzlaff.

 

Entertainment filmed at the Flats include portions of Walking with Dinosaurs Special - The Ballad of Big Al, Knight Rider, Warlock, Independence Day (1996) and its sequel, SLC Punk, Cremaster 2 from Cremaster Cycle, The Brown Bunny, The World's Fastest Indian, Gerry, The Tree of Life, Top Gear and Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End. Furthermore, the Pontiac Bonneville (former flagship sedan of the Pontiac motor division), the Triumph Bonneville motorcycle, and the Bonneville International media company are all named for the Flats.

 

The Bonneville Salt Flats hosts the annual US Flight Archery Championships. The goal of flight archery is to shoot arrows from bows at the greatest distance possible without regard to hitting a target, and so the vast flat plane of the flats serves as an ideal location to measure the linear distance traveled by arrows without geographic interference. Both the 1977 (archer Don Brown) and 1982 (archer Alan Webster) world records were set there; while the current world record, achieved in 1987 (archer Don Brown), was set at the salt flats near Smith Creek, Nevada.

 

The thickness of salt crust is a critical factor in racing use of the salt flats. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) has undertaken multiple studies on the topic; while a 2007 study determined that there was little change in the crust's thickness from 1988 to 2003, more recent studies have shown a reduction in thickness, especially in the northwest area where racing occurs. The flats' overall area has contracted significantly over the past several decades. The cause or causes of this remain unclear, but many believe adjacent evaporative potash mining is the primary factor.

 

Collaboration between racing organizations, the potash mine, and the BLM led to a pilot program begun in 1998 to release excess brine onto the salt flats during winter. Plans to increase the volume of brine returned to the salt flats are hoped to halt loss of crust thickness, or possibly restore it where it has become too thin to sustain human use.

 

Motorcar racing has taken place at the salt flats since 1914. Racing takes place at part of the Bonneville Salt Flats known as the Bonneville Speedway. There are five major land speed events that take place at the Bonneville Salt Flats. Bonneville "Speed Week" takes place mid-August followed by "World of Speed" in September and the "World Finals" take place early October.

 

These three events welcome cars, trucks, and motorcycles. The "Bub Motorcycle Speed Trials" are for motorcycles only. World records are contested at the Mike Cook ShootOut in September. The Southern California Timing Association and the Utah Salt Flats Racing Association organizes and plans the multi-vehicle events, but all event promoters contribute to prepping and maintaining the salt. "Speed Week" events in August were canceled in 2015 and 2022, due to the poor condition of the salt in certain parts of the flats. The salt flats had been swamped by heavy rains earlier in the year, as usual, but this year the rains also triggered mudslides from surrounding mountains onto a section of the flats used for the land-speed racing courses.

 

Bonneville Speedway (also known as the Bonneville Salt Flats Race Track) is an area of the Bonneville Salt Flats northeast of Wendover, Utah, that is marked out for motor sports. It is particularly noted as the venue for numerous land speed records. The Bonneville Salt Flats Race Track is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

 

The salt flats were first used for motor sports in 1912, but did not become truly popular until the 1930s when Ab Jenkins and Sir Malcolm Campbell competed to set land speed records.

 

A reduction of available racing surface and salt thickness has led to the cancellation of events at Bonneville, such as Speed Week in 2014 and 2015. Available racing surface is much reduced with just 2.5 miles (4.0 km) available instead of the 9-mile (14 km) courses traditionally used for Speed Week.

 

Historically, the speedway was marked out by the Utah Department of Transportation at the start of each summer. Originally, two tracks were prepared; a 10-mile (16 km) long straightaway for speed trials and an oval or circular track for distance runs, which was typically between 10 and 12 miles (16 and 19 km) long depending on the condition of the salt surface.

 

Since at least the 1990s, track preparations have been the responsibility of the event organizers. Days or weeks in advance, the track preparers identify an area best suited for their track layouts and begin grading the tracks. Surveyors are brought in to survey the timing trap distances. A day before racing begins, the track markers are added.

 

Originally, the straightaway was marked with a broad black line down its center. This was eventually changed to lines down either side, as the center line wore out too quickly. As the costs for painting the lines has gone up, organizations have switched to flags and cones as track markers. The last event to use black lines was Speed Week, August 2009.

 

The number of tracks and the timed sections for each track are set according to what is most beneficial for each event. Large public meets such as Speed Week run as many as four tracks with several timed miles, usually starting with the second mile and running to the fifth mile. Smaller meets that typically only run world record attempts will utilize a single track, with one timed mile and one timed kilometer in the middle of the track. Additional marks and cones indicate the end of the track and the position of timing equipment.

 

The annual Speed Week was cancelled in both 2014 and 2015, as were many land-speed racing events, due to deteriorating track conditions. Heavy rains caused a layer of mud from surrounding mountains to flow onto the flats, covering approximately 6 mi (9.7 km) of the track. Although another section of the flats would normally be used, nearby salt mining operations had reduced the size of the alternative track.

 

The depth of the salt crust at Bonneville has also been decreasing, possibly leaching into a saltwater aquifer. Measured at as much at 3 ft (0.91 m) in the 1940s and 50s, it has been reduced to just 2 in (0.051 m) in 2015.

 

Though recent studies have been made (since 1960), the causes of this deterioration are not clear, although the evidence points toward both local climatic changes and salt mining. Some strategies were devised to revert the decreasing salt surface, such as pumping back salt, though this had no effect.

 

In August, the Southern California Timing Association and Bonneville Nationals Inc. organize Speed Week, the largest meet of the year, which attracts several hundred drivers who compete to set highest speed in a range of categories. Bonneville Speed Week has been taking place since 1949.

 

In late August, the Bonneville Motorcycle Speed Trials are held.

 

In September each year is the World of Speed, (similar to Speed Week) organized by the Utah Salt Flats Racing Association. The USFRA also meet on the first Wednesday of each month throughout the summer.

 

In October, the Southern California Timing Association puts on World Finals, a scaled-down version of Speed Week. This event tends to have cooler weather and often drier salt that Speed Week the prior month. There are less spectators and it tends to draw serious racers, as this event is the last chance to break a land speed record and be in the SCTA record book for that year.

 

Each year, there are usually a few private meets that are not publicized scattered among the larger public meets.

 

Several motor-paced racing speed records have been attempted at Bonneville.

 

In 1985, American cyclist John Howard set a then world record of 244 km/h (152 mph).

 

On 15 October 1995, Dutch cyclist Fred Rompelberg achieved 268.831 km/h (167.044 mph), using a special bicycle behind a dragster with a large shield.

 

In 2016, Denise Mueller-Korenek claimed a women's bicycle land speed record at 147 mph (237 km/h). She was coached by Howard. It is not clear which authority was supervising the record attempt.

 

In 2018, Mueller-Korenek broke her own women's record and the men's record at a speed of 183.9 miles per hour (296.0 km/h).

 

In popular culture

In the 2003 film The Brown Bunny, Bud Clay races his motorcycle at the speedway.

In the 2005 film The World's Fastest Indian, Burt Munro and his highly modified Indian Scout motorcycle sets a world record.

In the 2015 series finale episode of Mad Men, Donald Draper drives a 1970 Chevrolet Chevelle SS muscle car in the races at Bonneville Speedway.

 

Utah is a landlocked state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It borders Colorado to its east, Wyoming to its northeast, Idaho to its north, Arizona to its south, and Nevada to its west. Utah also touches a corner of New Mexico in the southeast. Of the fifty U.S. states, Utah is the 13th-largest by area; with a population over three million, it is the 30th-most-populous and 11th-least-densely populated. Urban development is mostly concentrated in two areas: the Wasatch Front in the north-central part of the state, which is home to roughly two-thirds of the population and includes the capital city, Salt Lake City; and Washington County in the southwest, with more than 180,000 residents. Most of the western half of Utah lies in the Great Basin.

 

Utah has been inhabited for thousands of years by various indigenous groups such as the ancient Puebloans, Navajo, and Ute. The Spanish were the first Europeans to arrive in the mid-16th century, though the region's difficult geography and harsh climate made it a peripheral part of New Spain and later Mexico. Even while it was Mexican territory, many of Utah's earliest settlers were American, particularly Mormons fleeing marginalization and persecution from the United States via the Mormon Trail. Following the Mexican–American War in 1848, the region was annexed by the U.S., becoming part of the Utah Territory, which included what is now Colorado and Nevada. Disputes between the dominant Mormon community and the federal government delayed Utah's admission as a state; only after the outlawing of polygamy was it admitted in 1896 as the 45th.

 

People from Utah are known as Utahns. Slightly over half of all Utahns are Mormons, the vast majority of whom are members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), which has its world headquarters in Salt Lake City; Utah is the only state where a majority of the population belongs to a single church. A 2023 paper challenged this perception (claiming only 42% of Utahns are Mormons) however most statistics still show a majority of Utah residents belong to the LDS church; estimates from the LDS church suggests 60.68% of Utah's population belongs to the church whilst some sources put the number as high as 68%. The paper replied that membership count done by the LDS Church is too high for several reasons. The LDS Church greatly influences Utahn culture, politics, and daily life, though since the 1990s the state has become more religiously diverse as well as secular.

 

Utah has a highly diversified economy, with major sectors including transportation, education, information technology and research, government services, mining, multi-level marketing, and tourism. Utah has been one of the fastest growing states since 2000, with the 2020 U.S. census confirming the fastest population growth in the nation since 2010. St. George was the fastest-growing metropolitan area in the United States from 2000 to 2005. Utah ranks among the overall best states in metrics such as healthcare, governance, education, and infrastructure. It has the 12th-highest median average income and the least income inequality of any U.S. state. Over time and influenced by climate change, droughts in Utah have been increasing in frequency and severity, putting a further strain on Utah's water security and impacting the state's economy.

 

The History of Utah is an examination of the human history and social activity within the state of Utah located in the western United States.

 

Archaeological evidence dates the earliest habitation of humans in Utah to about 10,000 to 12,000 years ago. Paleolithic people lived near the Great Basin's swamps and marshes, which had an abundance of fish, birds, and small game animals. Big game, including bison, mammoths and ground sloths, also were attracted to these water sources. Over the centuries, the mega-fauna died, this population was replaced by the Desert Archaic people, who sheltered in caves near the Great Salt Lake. Relying more on gathering than the previous Utah residents, their diet was mainly composed of cattails and other salt tolerant plants such as pickleweed, burro weed and sedge. Red meat appears to have been more of a luxury, although these people used nets and the atlatl to hunt water fowl, ducks, small animals and antelope. Artifacts include nets woven with plant fibers and rabbit skin, woven sandals, gaming sticks, and animal figures made from split-twigs. About 3,500 years ago, lake levels rose and the population of Desert Archaic people appears to have dramatically decreased. The Great Basin may have been almost unoccupied for 1,000 years.

 

The Fremont culture, named from sites near the Fremont River in Utah, lived in what is now north and western Utah and parts of Nevada, Idaho and Colorado from approximately 600 to 1300 AD. These people lived in areas close to water sources that had been previously occupied by the Desert Archaic people, and may have had some relationship with them. However, their use of new technologies define them as a distinct people. Fremont technologies include:

 

use of the bow and arrow while hunting,

building pithouse shelters,

growing maize and probably beans and squash,

building above ground granaries of adobe or stone,

creating and decorating low-fired pottery ware,

producing art, including jewelry and rock art such as petroglyphs and pictographs.

 

The ancient Puebloan culture, also known as the Anasazi, occupied territory adjacent to the Fremont. The ancestral Puebloan culture centered on the present-day Four Corners area of the Southwest United States, including the San Juan River region of Utah. Archaeologists debate when this distinct culture emerged, but cultural development seems to date from about the common era, about 500 years before the Fremont appeared. It is generally accepted that the cultural peak of these people was around the 1200 CE. Ancient Puebloan culture is known for well constructed pithouses and more elaborate adobe and masonry dwellings. They were excellent craftsmen, producing turquoise jewelry and fine pottery. The Puebloan culture was based on agriculture, and the people created and cultivated fields of maize, beans, and squash and domesticated turkeys. They designed and produced elaborate field terracing and irrigation systems. They also built structures, some known as kivas, apparently designed solely for cultural and religious rituals.

 

These two later cultures were roughly contemporaneous, and appear to have established trading relationships. They also shared enough cultural traits that archaeologists believe the cultures may have common roots in the early American Southwest. However, each remained culturally distinct throughout most of their existence. These two well established cultures appear to have been severely impacted by climatic change and perhaps by the incursion of new people in about 1200 CE. Over the next two centuries, the Fremont and ancient Pueblo people may have moved into the American southwest, finding new homes and farmlands in the river drainages of Arizona, New Mexico and northern Mexico.

 

In about 1200, Shoshonean speaking peoples entered Utah territory from the west. They may have originated in southern California and moved into the desert environment due to population pressure along the coast. They were an upland people with a hunting and gathering lifestyle utilizing roots and seeds, including the pinyon nut. They were also skillful fishermen, created pottery and raised some crops. When they first arrived in Utah, they lived as small family groups with little tribal organization. Four main Shoshonean peoples inhabited Utah country. The Shoshone in the north and northeast, the Gosiutes in the northwest, the Utes in the central and eastern parts of the region and the Southern Paiutes in the southwest. Initially, there seems to have been very little conflict between these groups.

 

In the early 16th century, the San Juan River basin in Utah's southeast also saw a new people, the Díne or Navajo, part of a greater group of plains Athabaskan speakers moved into the Southwest from the Great Plains. In addition to the Navajo, this language group contained people that were later known as Apaches, including the Lipan, Jicarilla, and Mescalero Apaches.

 

Athabaskans were a hunting people who initially followed the bison, and were identified in 16th-century Spanish accounts as "dog nomads". The Athabaskans expanded their range throughout the 17th century, occupying areas the Pueblo peoples had abandoned during prior centuries. The Spanish first specifically mention the "Apachu de Nabajo" (Navaho) in the 1620s, referring to the people in the Chama valley region east of the San Juan River, and north west of Santa Fe. By the 1640s, the term Navaho was applied to these same people. Although the Navajo newcomers established a generally peaceful trading and cultural exchange with the some modern Pueblo peoples to the south, they experienced intermittent warfare with the Shoshonean peoples, particularly the Utes in eastern Utah and western Colorado.

 

At the time of European expansion, beginning with Spanish explorers traveling from Mexico, five distinct native peoples occupied territory within the Utah area: the Northern Shoshone, the Goshute, the Ute, the Paiute and the Navajo.

 

The Spanish explorer Francisco Vázquez de Coronado may have crossed into what is now southern Utah in 1540, when he was seeking the legendary Cíbola.

 

A group led by two Spanish Catholic priests—sometimes called the Domínguez–Escalante expedition—left Santa Fe in 1776, hoping to find a route to the California coast. The expedition traveled as far north as Utah Lake and encountered the native residents. All of what is now Utah was claimed by the Spanish Empire from the 1500s to 1821 as part of New Spain (later as the province Alta California); and subsequently claimed by Mexico from 1821 to 1848. However, Spain and Mexico had little permanent presence in, or control of, the region.

 

Fur trappers (also known as mountain men) including Jim Bridger, explored some regions of Utah in the early 19th century. The city of Provo was named for one such man, Étienne Provost, who visited the area in 1825. The city of Ogden, Utah is named for a brigade leader of the Hudson's Bay Company, Peter Skene Ogden who trapped in the Weber Valley. In 1846, a year before the arrival of members from the Church of Jesus Christ of latter-day Saints, the ill-fated Donner Party crossed through the Salt Lake valley late in the season, deciding not to stay the winter there but to continue forward to California, and beyond.

 

Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, commonly known as Mormon pioneers, first came to the Salt Lake Valley on July 24, 1847. At the time, the U.S. had already captured the Mexican territories of Alta California and New Mexico in the Mexican–American War and planned to keep them, but those territories, including the future state of Utah, officially became United States territory upon the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, February 2, 1848. The treaty was ratified by the United States Senate on March 10, 1848.

 

Upon arrival in the Salt Lake Valley, the Mormon pioneers found no permanent settlement of Indians. Other areas along the Wasatch Range were occupied at the time of settlement by the Northwestern Shoshone and adjacent areas by other bands of Shoshone such as the Gosiute. The Northwestern Shoshone lived in the valleys on the eastern shore of Great Salt Lake and in adjacent mountain valleys. Some years after arriving in the Salt Lake Valley Mormons, who went on to colonize many other areas of what is now Utah, were petitioned by Indians for recompense for land taken. The response of Heber C. Kimball, first counselor to Brigham Young, was that the land belonged to "our Father in Heaven and we expect to plow and plant it." A 1945 Supreme Court decision found that the land had been treated by the United States as public domain; no aboriginal title by the Northwestern Shoshone had been recognized by the United States or extinguished by treaty with the United States.

 

Upon arriving in the Salt Lake Valley, the Mormons had to make a place to live. They created irrigation systems, laid out farms, built houses, churches, and schools. Access to water was crucially important. Almost immediately, Brigham Young set out to identify and claim additional community sites. While it was difficult to find large areas in the Great Basin where water sources were dependable and growing seasons long enough to raise vitally important subsistence crops, satellite communities began to be formed.

 

Shortly after the first company arrived in the Salt Lake Valley in 1847, the community of Bountiful was settled to the north. In 1848, settlers moved into lands purchased from trapper Miles Goodyear in present-day Ogden. In 1849, Tooele and Provo were founded. Also that year, at the invitation of Ute chief Wakara, settlers moved into the Sanpete Valley in central Utah to establish the community of Manti. Fillmore, Utah, intended to be the capital of the new territory, was established in 1851. In 1855, missionary efforts aimed at western native cultures led to outposts in Fort Lemhi, Idaho, Las Vegas, Nevada and Elk Mountain in east-central Utah.

 

The experiences of returning members of the Mormon Battalion were also important in establishing new communities. On their journey west, the Mormon soldiers had identified dependable rivers and fertile river valleys in Colorado, Arizona and southern California. In addition, as the men traveled to rejoin their families in the Salt Lake Valley, they moved through southern Nevada and the eastern segments of southern Utah. Jefferson Hunt, a senior Mormon officer of the Battalion, actively searched for settlement sites, minerals, and other resources. His report encouraged 1851 settlement efforts in Iron County, near present-day Cedar City. These southern explorations eventually led to Mormon settlements in St. George, Utah, Las Vegas and San Bernardino, California, as well as communities in southern Arizona.

 

Prior to establishment of the Oregon and California trails and Mormon settlement, Indians native to the Salt Lake Valley and adjacent areas lived by hunting buffalo and other game, but also gathered grass seed from the bountiful grass of the area as well as roots such as those of the Indian Camas. By the time of settlement, indeed before 1840, the buffalo were gone from the valley, but hunting by settlers and grazing of cattle severely impacted the Indians in the area, and as settlement expanded into nearby river valleys and oases, indigenous tribes experienced increasing difficulty in gathering sufficient food. Brigham Young's counsel was to feed the hungry tribes, and that was done, but it was often not enough. These tensions formed the background to the Bear River massacre committed by California Militia stationed in Salt Lake City during the Civil War. The site of the massacre is just inside Preston, Idaho, but was generally thought to be within Utah at the time.

 

Statehood was petitioned for in 1849-50 using the name Deseret. The proposed State of Deseret would have been quite large, encompassing all of what is now Utah, and portions of Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Wyoming, Arizona, Oregon, New Mexico and California. The name of Deseret was favored by the LDS leader Brigham Young as a symbol of industry and was derived from a reference in the Book of Mormon. The petition was rejected by Congress and Utah did not become a state until 1896, following the Utah Constitutional Convention of 1895.

 

In 1850, the Utah Territory was created with the Compromise of 1850, and Fillmore (named after President Fillmore) was designated the capital. In 1856, Salt Lake City replaced Fillmore as the territorial capital.

 

The first group of pioneers brought African slaves with them, making Utah the only place in the western United States to have African slavery. Three slaves, Green Flake, Hark Lay, and Oscar Crosby, came west with this first group in 1847. The settlers also began to purchase Indian slaves in the well-established Indian slave trade, as well as enslaving Indian prisoners of war. In 1850, 26 slaves were counted in Salt Lake County. Slavery didn't become officially recognized until 1852, when the Act in Relation to Service and the Act for the relief of Indian Slaves and Prisoners were passed. Slavery was repealed on June 19, 1862, when Congress prohibited slavery in all US territories.

 

Disputes between the Mormon inhabitants and the federal government intensified after the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints' practice of polygamy became known. The polygamous practices of the Mormons, which were made public in 1854, would be one of the major reasons Utah was denied statehood until almost 50 years after the Mormons had entered the area.

 

After news of their polygamous practices spread, the members of the LDS Church were quickly viewed by some as un-American and rebellious. In 1857, after news of a possible rebellion spread, President James Buchanan sent troops on the Utah expedition to quell the growing unrest and to replace Brigham Young as territorial governor with Alfred Cumming. The expedition was also known as the Utah War.

 

As fear of invasion grew, Mormon settlers had convinced some Paiute Indians to aid in a Mormon-led attack on 120 immigrants from Arkansas under the guise of Indian aggression. The murder of these settlers became known as the Mountain Meadows massacre. The Mormon leadership had adopted a defensive posture that led to a ban on the selling of grain to outsiders in preparation for an impending war. This chafed pioneers traveling through the region, who were unable to purchase badly needed supplies. A disagreement between some of the Arkansas pioneers and the Mormons in Cedar City led to the secret planning of the massacre by a few Mormon leaders in the area. Some scholars debate the involvement of Brigham Young. Only one man, John D. Lee, was ever convicted of the murders, and he was executed at the massacre site.

 

Express riders had brought the news 1,000 miles from the Missouri River settlements to Salt Lake City within about two weeks of the army's beginning to march west. Fearing the worst as 2,500 troops (roughly 1/3rd of the army then) led by General Albert Sidney Johnston started west, Brigham Young ordered all residents of Salt Lake City and neighboring communities to prepare their homes for burning and evacuate southward to Utah Valley and southern Utah. Young also sent out a few units of the Nauvoo Legion (numbering roughly 8,000–10,000), to delay the army's advance. The majority he sent into the mountains to prepare defenses or south to prepare for a scorched earth retreat. Although some army wagon supply trains were captured and burned and herds of army horses and cattle run off no serious fighting occurred. Starting late and short on supplies, the United States Army camped during the bitter winter of 1857–58 near a burned out Fort Bridger in Wyoming. Through the negotiations between emissary Thomas L. Kane, Young, Cumming and Johnston, control of Utah territory was peacefully transferred to Cumming, who entered an eerily vacant Salt Lake City in the spring of 1858. By agreement with Young, Johnston established the army at Fort Floyd 40 miles away from Salt Lake City, to the southwest.

 

Salt Lake City was the last link of the First Transcontinental Telegraph, between Carson City, Nevada and Omaha, Nebraska completed in October 1861. Brigham Young, who had helped expedite construction, was among the first to send a message, along with Abraham Lincoln and other officials. Soon after the telegraph line was completed, the Deseret Telegraph Company built the Deseret line connecting the settlements in the territory with Salt Lake City and, by extension, the rest of the United States.

 

Because of the American Civil War, federal troops were pulled out of Utah Territory (and their fort auctioned off), leaving the territorial government in federal hands without army backing until General Patrick E. Connor arrived with the 3rd Regiment of California Volunteers in 1862. While in Utah, Connor and his troops soon became discontent with this assignment wanting to head to Virginia where the "real" fighting and glory was occurring. Connor established Fort Douglas just three miles (5 km) east of Salt Lake City and encouraged his bored and often idle soldiers to go out and explore for mineral deposits to bring more non-Mormons into the state. Minerals were discovered in Tooele County, and some miners began to come to the territory. Conner also solved the Shoshone Indian problem in Cache Valley Utah by luring the Shoshone into a midwinter confrontation on January 29, 1863. The armed conflict quickly turned into a rout, discipline among the soldiers broke down, and the Battle of Bear River is today usually referred to by historians as the Bear River Massacre. Between 200 and 400 Shoshone men, women and children were killed, as were 27 soldiers, with over 50 more soldiers wounded or suffering from frostbite.

 

Beginning in 1865, Utah's Black Hawk War developed into the deadliest conflict in the territory's history. Chief Antonga Black Hawk died in 1870, but fights continued to break out until additional federal troops were sent in to suppress the Ghost Dance of 1872. The war is unique among Indian Wars because it was a three-way conflict, with mounted Timpanogos Utes led by Antonga Black Hawk fighting federal and Utah local militia.

 

On May 10, 1869, the First transcontinental railroad was completed at Promontory Summit, north of the Great Salt Lake. The railroad brought increasing numbers of people into the state, and several influential businessmen made fortunes in the territory.

 

Main article: Latter Day Saint polygamy in the late-19th century

During the 1870s and 1880s, federal laws were passed and federal marshals assigned to enforce the laws against polygamy. In the 1890 Manifesto, the LDS Church leadership dropped its approval of polygamy citing divine revelation. When Utah applied for statehood again in 1895, it was accepted. Statehood was officially granted on January 4, 1896.

 

The Mormon issue made the situation for women the topic of nationwide controversy. In 1870 the Utah Territory, controlled by Mormons, gave women the right to vote. However, in 1887, Congress disenfranchised Utah women with the Edmunds–Tucker Act. In 1867–96, eastern activists promoted women's suffrage in Utah as an experiment, and as a way to eliminate polygamy. They were Presbyterians and other Protestants convinced that Mormonism was a non-Christian cult that grossly mistreated women. The Mormons promoted woman suffrage to counter the negative image of downtrodden Mormon women. With the 1890 Manifesto clearing the way for statehood, in 1895 Utah adopted a constitution restoring the right of women's suffrage. Congress admitted Utah as a state with that constitution in 1896.

 

Though less numerous than other intermountain states at the time, several lynching murders for alleged misdeeds occurred in Utah territory at the hand of vigilantes. Those documented include the following, with their ethnicity or national origin noted in parentheses if it was provided in the source:

 

William Torrington in Carson City (then a part of Utah territory), 1859

Thomas Coleman (Black man) in Salt Lake City, 1866

3 unidentified men at Wahsatch, winter of 1868

A Black man in Uintah, 1869

Charles A. Benson in Logan, 1873

Ah Sing (Chinese man) in Corinne, 1874

Thomas Forrest in St. George, 1880

William Harvey (Black man) in Salt Lake City, 1883

John Murphy in Park City, 1883

George Segal (Japanese man) in Ogden, 1884

Joseph Fisher in Eureka, 1886

Robert Marshall (Black man) in Castle Gate, 1925

Other lynchings in Utah territory include multiple instances of mass murder of Native American children, women, and men by White settlers including the Battle Creek massacre (1849), Provo River Massacre (1850), Nephi massacre (1853), and Circleville Massacre (1866).

 

Beginning in the early 20th century, with the establishment of such national parks as Bryce Canyon National Park and Zion National Park, Utah began to become known for its natural beauty. Southern Utah became a popular filming spot for arid, rugged scenes, and such natural landmarks as Delicate Arch and "the Mittens" of Monument Valley are instantly recognizable to most national residents. During the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, with the construction of the Interstate highway system, accessibility to the southern scenic areas was made easier.

 

Beginning in 1939, with the establishment of Alta Ski Area, Utah has become world-renowned for its skiing. The dry, powdery snow of the Wasatch Range is considered some of the best skiing in the world. Salt Lake City won the bid for the 2002 Winter Olympics in 1995, and this has served as a great boost to the economy. The ski resorts have increased in popularity, and many of the Olympic venues scattered across the Wasatch Front continue to be used for sporting events. This also spurred the development of the light-rail system in the Salt Lake Valley, known as TRAX, and the re-construction of the freeway system around the city.

 

During the late 20th century, the state grew quickly. In the 1970s, growth was phenomenal in the suburbs. Sandy was one of the fastest-growing cities in the country at that time, and West Valley City is the state's 2nd most populous city. Today, many areas of Utah are seeing phenomenal growth. Northern Davis, southern and western Salt Lake, Summit, eastern Tooele, Utah, Wasatch, and Washington counties are all growing very quickly. Transportation and urbanization are major issues in politics as development consumes agricultural land and wilderness areas.

 

In 2012, the State of Utah passed the Utah Transfer of Public Lands Act in an attempt to gain control over a substantial portion of federal land in the state from the federal government, based on language in the Utah Enabling Act of 1894. The State does not intend to use force or assert control by limiting access in an attempt to control the disputed lands, but does intend to use a multi-step process of education, negotiation, legislation, and if necessary, litigation as part of its multi-year effort to gain state or private control over the lands after 2014.

 

Utah families, like most Americans everywhere, did their utmost to assist in the war effort. Tires, meat, butter, sugar, fats, oils, coffee, shoes, boots, gasoline, canned fruits, vegetables, and soups were rationed on a national basis. The school day was shortened and bus routes were reduced to limit the number of resources used stateside and increase what could be sent to soldiers.

 

Geneva Steel was built to increase the steel production for America during World War II. President Franklin D. Roosevelt had proposed opening a steel mill in Utah in 1936, but the idea was shelved after a couple of months. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States entered the war and the steel plant was put into progress. In April 1944, Geneva shipped its first order, which consisted of over 600 tons of steel plate. Geneva Steel also brought thousands of job opportunities to Utah. The positions were hard to fill as many of Utah's men were overseas fighting. Women began working, filling 25 percent of the jobs.

 

As a result of Utah's and Geneva Steels contribution during the war, several Liberty Ships were named in honor of Utah including the USS Joseph Smith, USS Brigham Young, USS Provo, and the USS Peter Skene Ogden.

 

One of the sectors of the beachhead of Normandy Landings was codenamed Utah Beach, and the amphibious landings at the beach were undertaken by United States Army troops.

 

It is estimated that 1,450 soldiers from Utah were killed in the war.

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The Great Hall at Knightshayes, which is not the medieval relic it suggests but a Gothic Revival creation built in 1874. It was decorated by Crace, who took over from Burges, but redecorated in 1914 when the timber hooded chimney-piece was reduced. Apparently there are plans to restore the Crace decoration. As you can see, there is a gallery at each end of the hall, which in style seems to be a mixture of French medieval and Scottish baronial with Moorish influences... The festoons of cobwebs were in readiness for Hallowe'en.

Callies Compstar 3.750" Stroke "Large Main Journal" 2.650" Small Block Chevy Crank with rod journal lightening holes to reduce weight and rounded counterweight edges to reduce windage.Removing the counterweights at each end of the crank{and the forging} should go along way to relieve flex at the main bearings,and crank twist.The large main journal has more crank overlap for a stronger crank:

www.popularhotrodding.com/tech/0710phr_crankshaft_tech/ph...

but it also thins the block web some,{along with 4-bolt versus 2-bolt main}so it's pick your poison using a OEM block{350 versus 400 blocks}the smaller journal would decrease friction but for the RPM range intended for this build I doubt that any of the advantages/disadvantages will make a noticable difference,I wanted the 400 block for the bore size,and budget,so the crank journal size choice was simply one that fit.SBC 383 build guide article from a 350 block:

www.carcraft.com/techarticles/ccrp_0808_383_stroker_small...

Rear main cap oil pump passage smoothed for oil flow.I blueprinted the bearing clearances to .003"mains,.002"rods by measuring,mixing and matching the upper and or lower bearing shells within the set.Two of the rods ended up just under .002" at .0018"and .0019" and one of the mains was .0028".All of the clearance variances were much less than .0005" out of the box,but by mixing and matching I got them all consistent with the exception of the two rods and one main.All of the parts and measuring tools were kept in the house for a constant measuring temp.and was much more comfortable for me to do the detail work{My wife rolls her eyes and shakes her head at me}but I actually do have a method to my madness.After I had everything measured,matched,and labeled I moved it all back to the garage for assembly.I went with the old rule of thumb for bearing clearance,.001"clearance for every inch of journal size to help keep as much oil control as possible.If this engine was planned to see extended high RPM use from the start, I would have used a .001" oversize bearing half in the rods to open the clearance up to .0025".

www.carcraft.com/techarticles/ccrp_0805_high_performance_...

Material = 4340

Rod Pins = 2.100"

Bob Weight =1,743 g

Bob weight is the rotating weight of the piston,pin,locks,rings,and rods.

Note: Typical Chevy 350 bob-weights are in the 1,910-1,930 gram range,and a typical bob-weight for a 6" rod 383 SBC is around 1800 grams.

Bearing clearance link:

www.carcraft.com/techarticles/ccrp_0805_high_performance_...

Engine Balancing and crankshaft info:

www.carcraft.com/howto/ccrp_0803_engine_balancing/index.html

Crankshaft Developments:

www.circletrack.com/drivetraintech/ctrp_0410_crankshaft_d...

Crankshaft Talk from the Experts:

www.chevyhiperformance.com/tech/engines_drivetrain/shortb...

Crankshaft Tech:

www.popularhotrodding.com/tech/0710phr_crankshaft_tech/in...

This is a link to a SBC 401cu.in. build from a .060"over "stroker" 350 block,4.060" bore,3.875" stroke,I thought it was interesting to see what the longer stroke did to the torque curve compared to other builds with about the same cubic inch.and was thinking about a longer stroke for my own build,but decided against it to keep the rod/stroke ratio a little higher and relieve some cylinder wall thrust.

airflowresearch.com/articles/article031/A-P1.htm

SBC 408cu.in. from a 350 block.4.000" stroke

www.popularhotrodding.com/tech/0805phr_408_cubic_inches_w...

SBC 408cu.in. from a .040" over 400 block.3.750" stroke

airflowresearch.com/articles/article045/A-P2.htm

SBC 412cu.in. 4.155"bore, 3.800" stroke

www.superchevy.com/technical/engines_drivetrain/completeb...

SBC 420cu.in. 4.155"bore 3.875" stroke

www.carcraft.com/techarticles/ccrp_0406_chevy_brutus_smal...

SBC 450cu.in from a Dart block,with the same 215 heads I used.

www.hotrod.com/techarticles/engine/113_0312_dart_450ci_sm...

Rod/Stroke Ratio,and Bore/Stroke of Common Engines:

Mopar 340----1.85R/S............ Bore=4.040"......Stroke=3.310"

Mopar 360----1.71R/S.............Bore=4.000"......Stroke=3.580"

Mopar 383----1.88R/S.............Bore=4.250"......Stroke=3.375"

Mopar 426Hemi---1.83R/S....Bore=4.250"......Stroke=3.750" {same stroke as SBC400}

www.carcraft.com/techfaq/ccrp_0809_building_hemi_for_less...

www.moparmusclemagazine.com/techarticles/37345_favorite_e...

SBC 302----1.90R/S................Bore=4.000"......Stroke=3.000"

SBC 305----1.64R/S................Bore=3.736"......Stroke=3.480"

SBC 307----1.75R/S................Bore=3.875"......Stroke=3.250"

www.superchevy.com/technical/engines_drivetrain/completeb...

SBC 327----1.75R/S................Bore=4.000"......Stroke=3.250"

SBC 350----1.64R/S................Bore=4.000"......Stroke=3.480"

www.carcraft.com/techarticles/116_0108_chevy_350_crate_en...

SBC 383/6"rod---1.60R/S.......Bore=4.030"......Stroke=3.750"{same stroke as SBC400}

www.hotrod.com/projectbuild/hrdp_0609_500hp_small_block_c...

"Stock" SBC 400---1.48R/S....Bore=4.125"......Stroke=3.750"{POOR R/S Ratio}

SBC406/ 6"rod---1.60R/S.......Bore=4.155"......Stroke=3.750"{The combo I used,internal ballance}

BB Chevy 427----1.63R/S.......Bore=4.251"......Stroke=3.760"{Ideal for Corvette,"My opinion"}

carcraft.automotive.com/115830/ccrp-0910-chevy-l88-427-en...

BBC 454----1.53R/S................Bore=4.251"......Stroke=4.000"{external ballance}

Ford 302----1.70R/S................Bore=4.000"......Stroke=3.000"

Ford 460----1.72R/S................Bore=4.360"......Stroke=3.850"

Buick 455----1.69R/S..............Bore=4.3125"....Stroke=3.900"

Olds 455----1.58R/S...............Bore=4.125".......Stroke=4.250"{same bore as SBC400}

www.popularhotrodding.com/tech/1006phr_1965_oldsmobile_cu...

www.carcraft.com/techarticles/116_0010_455ci_engines/inde...

www.popularhotrodding.com/tech/0302phr_oldsmobile_455ci_e...

Pontiac 455--1.57R/S.............Bore=4.150".......Stroke=4.210"

www.carcraft.com/techarticles/ccrp_0408_500_hp_street_her...

www.carcraft.com/techarticles/ccrp_0706_v8_engine_perform...

General guidelines is that a R/S ratio of 1.55 or higher is needed to reduce side thrust of the piston and reduce friction,this becomes more critical above 5500 RPM.

Rod Length Article:

www.stahlheaders.com/Lit_Rod Length.htm

Various SBC Engine Builds:

SBC406 Vortec heads and AFR 180 Comparison with 9.5:1 CR:

www.popularhotrodding.com/enginemasters/articles/hardcore...

A comparison of two 500hp SBC street engines 355 cu.in.and 406 cu.in.:

airflowresearch.com/articles/article096/A-P1.htm

9.8:1 CR 515hp Dart 406:

www.chevyhiperformance.com/techarticles/90719_dart_215cc_...

Stroker Soup:

www.superchevy.com/technical/engines_drivetrain/completeb...

400 Block-381ci. 680hp 12.2:1 CR:

www.hotrod.com/techarticles/engine/0304_chevy_400_block_3...

SBC 406ci. 11.1:1 CR 583hp:

www.chevyhiperformance.com/tech/engines_drivetrain/comple...

Beehive spring upgrade:

www.chevyhiperformance.com/tech/engines_drivetrain/shortb...

10.4 comp. 383 SBC with Dart 215 heads:

www.chevyhiperformance.com/techarticles/0304_beck_racing_...

Dart 440 SBC 10:1 comp. with Dart 215 heads:

www.dragzine.com/tech-stories/engine/dart-builds-the-ulti...

Video of a 406 SBC from Nelson Racing Engines.New EFI Hilborn 8 Stack.Very Cool induction system,and Responsive!!!!!! :

www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZT6Wa5A68bQ

 

Manufactured Landscapes

 

An interesting set of photographers with similar grand styles and a somewhat common theme. I managed to find the subjects I wanted for the assignment but did not have any opportunity for higher vantage points. Instead I opted for a closer view that spanned the entire frame in an effort to follow a few of the examples by Burtynsky. I also integrated the order and repeating pattern of Gursky. So in essence I blended their styles to get my product.

 

I also used this assignment to show my young daughters what grand things humans can make and what the cost is beyond money. Perhaps a bit like showing someone how a yummy sausage is made.

 

View on black

 

Madison, GA

Jose Rojas, North American Division Volunteer Ministries director, visits with audience members following a Check Him Out program.

butchpetty.com/Got-Cash.html

 

This boat is a 1986 27' S2 sailboat. The price is Now Reduced to $15,000

 

I purchased this boat in August of 2012. For personal reasons I need to sell it already. I put over $5,000.00 into the boat the first month I got it. S2 Yachts has a great reputation for hand laid and hand crafted boat building. One of the best sailboats ever built. It is one of the best built boats you can buy and that is why I bought it. They built 600-800 of all their other performance models. This is the only cruiser/performance model they ever built and they only built 85 of them, a very rare boat. The company that built this boat is still building boats. You can find them at TiaraYachts.com. This is hull number 52 of the cruising model. This boat is in very, very good condition, perfect for its age. The interior is all solid teak wood and no interior damage at all. Everything on the boat works great. The 20 hp Yanmar starts each and every time, has no smoke and runs great. It sips 1/3 gallon per hour. The boat is set up for extended cruising. No rust on any deck hardware or rigging. 90% of the running rigging is new. The main sail is full battened with no spots or stains and has the original factory logo. This boat will not need anything for years. I have gone thru the entire boat. Just walk on and go to the Bahamas. It is a very solid and sweet sailing boat. I am the third owner and the name has never been changed. I have all the original paper work dating back to when she was delivered to the original owner. I hauled the boat out in Melbourne Florida at Eau Gallie Boat Works (12-3-12) and had the bottom painted (Pettit Ultimate 40 Ablative paint), new zincs, packing box hose replaced. I have receipts. No blisters, no soft spots. The tiller was sanded all the way down and had Pettit Trinadad Sr paint. I was on the way to the Florida Keys. It made the trip perfectly. All controls lead into the 8' long cockpit. With the tiller this boat is super easy to single-hand.

The following is a list of items that I purchased in the first month I got it and I have all receipts and all are under warranty some have extended warranties :

20 lb. plow anchor

New Garmin 440s GPS-

"Rogue Wave" wifi antenna-

RCA 18" Led TV/DVD Player-

Marine Band VHF255 (West Marine )-

Sony Marine am/fm/cd player w/Pioneer spkrs-

Racor Fuel Fuel Filter System-

New Dometic refrigerator/freezer ($2,000)-

Wave Front Tiller Clutch "X"-

Schumaker XCS15 battery charger-

New Stainless Arch for solar panel-

Shakespeare TV Antenna-

Sunforce 60 watt solar panel w/charge controller-

New Rule Bilge Pumps-

Microwave & Toaster Oven-

(5) five new matching marine batteries(3 house, motor & 1 spare)-

  

Other equipment:

New Genoa 160 fore sail, previous owner on 1-1-2011, receipt-

Yanmar 2GM20F (20 hp, 50 amp alternator)-

6' Dinghy with Nissan 3.5 motor that runs great-

(4) four various size Danforth anchors-

All required safety equipment is current-

West Marine oil change pump-

Electric toilet-

Ice box, dry box-

Origo 4000 two burner alcohol stove-

15 gal holding tank-

12 gal diesel tank-

20 gal water tank-

Heavy Duty Harken 5:1 mainsheet traveler system-

Spinnaker Pole-

Whisker Pole-

Magma Grill-

12v -120v Inverter-

Enclosed private head-

All new White Sumbrella canvass-entire boat-

Custom made awning for the boat-

New Shower in head-

New Faucet in galley-

Hot Water Heater-

Much more

 

Lots of spare stainless misc. hardware and mechanical spares also (belts, impellers, etc.)

 

Transferable Sea Tow Membership good thru 11/1/14

 

I am currently living aboard the boat and sailing around the Savannah area. This boat needs absolutely nothing. It is truly a "walk on and go sailing" ready boat. The Deck has no soft spots and the keel bolts are clean and shinny. I will consider any serious offer. I know how nice of a boat I have and anyone that knows S2 yachts knows how nice they are. So be serious.

See more info, photos and videos of the boat here:

butchpetty.com/Got-Cash.html

 

I you can see this ad I still have the boat.

 

Boat Location, in water, marina, Savannah, Ga.

Former Anchor Hocking building in Clarksburg, WV. See the attached photo of what it used to look like.

On April 20, 2011 the Sony network was hacked and taken offline for 23 days.

 

The reason for the attack was Sony reducing the functionality of the PS3 already sold in market. GeoHolz created a "hack" to jailbreak the PS3 to allow the original functionality of the PS3 to use Linux. Sony then sued Geoholz and all the users downloading this hack/patch to the PS3. Anonymous hackers struck back and took down the Sony Network for 23 days. They left code saying "We are Legion". Sony claimed 77 million credit cards were stolen while the hackers proclaimed no numbers were stolen. This was the largest and longest hack in history to date.

 

Anonymous response:

We are Anonymous

We are Legion

We do not forgive

We do not forget

Expect us

 

The hack took 23 days based on the conspiracy of 23, a famous German hacker film. The phrase "We are Legion" comes from Mark 5:9 in the Bible referring to Jesus talking to the possessed. Legion refers to multiple demons. The symbol 5:9 and 23 are prominent in the painting.

 

Numbers 32:23: "...you may be sure your sin finds you out."

 

Exhibition:

4th Street Studio, Berkeley - Dec 2011

Art Murmur, Oakland - Jun 2012

 

Related websites:

us.playstation.com/

anonnews.org/

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anonymous_(group)

www.imdb.com/title/tt0434409/

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_for_Vendetta_(film)

usa.visa.com/index.html?gclid=CPHm28699bMCFQtxQgodch8ACQ

www.mastercard.com/index.html

 

Painting Size: 24 x 48 inches

 

Exhibition:

Convert Gallery, Berkeley - Apr-May 2013

 

Paintings for sale: www.shawnshawn.co/store/p95/Anonymous.html

Newsletter: shawnshawn.co/Site/Contact.html

Code:PP07111

Art of the Real

A young hippo having died possibly when fighting with a bull is left to skin and bones once the vultures had finished off the carcass. See www.wildcast.net

Omega Speedmaster Reduce

Street art by Aspire. Daily exercise walk - lockdown day 53.

15 May 2020

Click here to learn more about Camp Humphreys

 

U.S. Army photos by Rakendra Moore

 

CAMP HUMPHREYS — “Rain, sleet, or snow, Earth Day is a go,” said Onsemus Smith, Chief of the Pollution Prevention and Compliance Branch of the United States Army Garrison Department of Public Works’ Environmental Division.

 

Indeed, despite the rain and cold, the Earth Day Celebration went ahead as scheduled, April 21, at Transformation Park and it was well-received by the attendees.

“I think it’s pretty cool,” said Pfc. Aaron Boutin. “It looks like everybody is having fun, even though it’s raining.”

 

“It’s good, because I’m here with my family and my friend and I got a lot of prizes,” added Daniel Ward, age 9.

 

The event started at 10 a.m. and was scheduled to last until 2 p.m. However, the weather created a different outcome. But there was still plenty of activity despite the truncated time frame. There were prizes awarded for homemade crafts created out of recycled material, clay leaf projects, trivia games, arts and crafts, and free food. The Army and Air Force Exchange Service donated gift certificates for photo contest winners.

 

The event was a partnership between Outdoor Recreation and DPW Environmental, and there were also volunteers from USO, the Boy Scouts, and the Girl Scouts.

 

“I think it’s neat that the kids get an opportunity to learn how to better the environment,” said Spc. Randall Shaver.

 

“I’m proud of our Girl Scouts and we prepared them on how to reduce, re-use, and recycle,” added Summer Young.

 

“We want the community to know what we’re doing as an installation to be good stewards of the environment,” Smith said.

 

When asked what Earth Day was all about to her, Victoria Caldwell said, “Being able to give back to the community and help preserve Earth for future generations.”

 

Private First Class Kevin Wade may have summed it up best when he said, “It’s cold, it’s wet, but a lot of people showed up. The outcome was bigger than I thought.”

Apple Cider Caramels on smittenkitchen.com

Given its location roughly halfway between Manchester and Rochdale, Middleton is well served by a network of routes from the surrounding urban areas and fairly unusually, by no fewer than five of the major Groups, although the latest round of service changes in April 2023 has significantly reduced the presence of Rotala’s Diamond Bus operations in the area.

 

The Stagecoach presence in the area includes a legacy of the former independent Bluebird, purchased by the Group several years ago with operation of the 112 into Manchester, running via Greengate and Moston, on which Enviro 400 MMC 10860, now sporting the revised corporate livery, was captured in the afternoon sunshine.

 

This image is copyright and must not be reproduced or downloaded without the permission of the photographer.

 

Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan

Start of our walk through the tea planations.

I dropped off our recycling today and grabbed this shot.

 

One man's trash is another's treasure. Make a photo of something discarded or abandoned today.

 

Sustainable Development Goal

Name the indicator used. Point out the tube that shows a positive test.

Some process from my very first design class.

  

I was working on a billboard about environmentalism and consumerism:

 

"The main issues with this one is the message isn't clear or provoking.

I kind of liked it though and thought I'd share."

 

The photo used was taken at Matter Art Gallery in Olympia.

Airplane dusting forest for western hemlock looper control. Pacific and Grays Counties, Washington.

 

For more about this project see:

Report of the Hemlock Looper Outbreak in Southwestern Washington and Its Control through Airplane Dusting

Available through the Forest Health Protection Historical Digital Collection, here: nfsl.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p17053coll1/id...

 

Photo by: F.P. Keen

Date: July 1931

 

Credit: USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection.

Collection: Portland Station Collection; La Grande, Oregon.

Image: BUR-8776

 

To learn more about this photo collection see:

Wickman, B.E., Torgersen, T.R. and Furniss, M.M. 2002. Photographic images and history of forest insect investigations on the Pacific Slope, 1903-1953. Part 2. Oregon and Washington. American Entomologist, 48(3), p. 178-185

 

The following information about this control project was prepared by Malcolm M. Furniss and is taken from the Western Forest Insect Work Conference history page: www.wfiwc.org/history/photos/control

 

"Western Hemlock Looper. The first known record of extensive tree-killing by a forest insect in the western United States involved the western hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst).... A subsequent outbreak killed 200 million board feet (bd ft) of hemlock in Pacific and Grays Counties, Washington from 1929-1932. Losses in Pacific County were reduced in 1931 through the first airplane dusting experiment attempted against a forest defoliator in the western United States (Keen 1932). Keen was involved with the operation and voiced his concern in a letter to Craighead (13 July 1931) regarding toxicity of the calcium arsenate contained in the dust:

 

'In connection with the airplane dusting project, we are naturally experiencing some criticism from people who object to having poison scattered around in wholesale lots for fear of killing off the wildlife and even domestic animals. I have tried to get some information from the local Boards of Health as to what constitutes lethal doses of calcium arsenate for birds, mammals and humans but with very little success...'"

 

For additional historical forest entomology photos, stories, and resources see the Western Forest Insect Work Conference site: wfiwc.org/content/history-and-resources

 

Image provided by USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection: www.fs.usda.gov/main/r6/forest-grasslandhealth