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THIS PIECE TOOK ME PRECISELY 6 HOURS T OD AND IT WAS SUPPOSE TO BE DONE ON NEW YEARS EVE, NO THANKS TO THOSE TFL AND NEW YEARS PARTY ORGANISING IDIOTS !!!
Plus doing it on NEW YEARS DAY WAS A DAY TO LEARN AND PREPARE FOR NEXT TIME TOO
This is my superhero NEW YEARS PIECE filled with Amalgamte characters,BANANAMAN, BLuntman and Chronic and of COURSE ME GIVING YOU AN AFFIRMATIVE MESSAGE
"BE A HERO THIS YEAR!!"
HAVE A GREAT YEAR PEOPLE AND ALWAYS BE POSITIVE TOO !!
The Aqueduct of Segovia (or more precisely, the aqueduct bridge) is a Roman aqueduct and one of the most significant and best-preserved ancient monuments left on the Iberian Peninsula. It is the foremost symbol of Segovia, as evidenced by its presence on the city's coat of arms.
To view my blog from day five of my Spain trip visit:
www.atravellingjack.co.uk/madrid-trip-day-five-a-trip-to-...
We are precisely THREE DAYS away from professional baseball in Pensacola and I couldn't be more excited. Today was the first day that the public was allowed inside the stadium and I was THRILLED with what I saw. It was like being a little kid on Opening Day again!
Look at that incredible view - it's right on the water with a constant tropical breeze from the Gulf Of Mexico that should keep the customers cool
PHOTOS SUBMITTED BY BIG 3 NEWS CONTRIBUTOR JIM G, PENSACOLA, FL. and the outfielders guessing.
Pueblo Bonito, the largest and best known Great House in Chaco Culture National Historical Park, northern New Mexico, was built by ancestral Pueblo people and occupied between AD 828 and 1126.
Pueblo Bonito is divided into two sections by a precisely aligned wall, running north to south, through the central plaza. A Great Kiva is placed on either side of the wall, creating a symmetrical pattern common to many of the Great Houses. In addition to the great kivas, over thirty other kivas or ceremonial structures have been found, many also associated with the large central courtyard. Interior living spaces were quite large by the standards of the Ancient Pueblo.
The site covers almost two acres (8,000 m²) and incorporates at least 650 rooms, with some estimates rising to 800. In parts of the village, the tiered structure was four and five stories high. During later construction, some lower level rooms were filled with debris to better support the weight of the upper levels. The builder's use of core and veneer architecture and multi-story construction produced massive masonry walls as much as three feet (1 m) thick.
It is possible that Pueblo Bonito is actually neither a village nor city. While its size has the capacity for a significant population, the environment may not have been ideal for sustaining a large population. Excavations at the site have not revealed significant trash middens indicating residential areas. A common suggestion is that Pueblo Bonito was a ritual center. This is not only evident in the existence of the kivas (which are more often than not attributed to ritual function) but also in the construction of the site and its relation to other Chaco Canyon sites. Although there were many occupants, only 50-60 burials were found here.
Examination of pack rat middens revealed that, at the time that pueblo bonito was built Chaco Canyon and the surrounding areas were wooded by trees such as Ponderosa Pines. Evidence of such trees can be seen within the structure of Pueblo Bonito, such as the first floor support beams. Scientists hypothesised that during the time that the pueblo was inhabited the valley was cleared of almost all of the trees, to provide timber for construction and fuel. This, combined with a period of drought, led to the water table in the valley to drop severely, making the land infertile. This explains why Pueblo Bonito was only inhabited for about 300 years and is a good example of the effect that deforestation can have on the local environment. The Anasazi, no longer able to grow crops to sustain their population, had to move on.
A multi-year field study, centered in Pueblo Bonito, has been launched in order to obtain new information on the economic conditions of the Bonito phase. The ultimate goal of this recent fieldwork is to obtain data that will enable researchers to examine the development of great house communities in respect to relationships between demographic change and economic productivity.
The Breitling Navitimer is a classic aviators watch. Can't understand why the Omega gets 5 comments and this one none.
"Lemon Sunlight" sounds like a great name for a band. Or more precisely a pop band from the 1970's.
My full creating images streak is not back. I think I need to be penned to a desk all day bored and day dreaming to make it happen again. Not sure it's worth it. So for now, the simple things in life.
This was a mid-break while making the recipe below. (I must warn you though, it took me about an hour and a half since most of the directions are in the recipe list. Damn you, recipe list!)
Heather's Quinoa Recipe
If you don't have the time or inclination to roast cherry tomatoes, substitute some chopped, moist, sun-dried tomatoes. Also, a delicious alternative to the tofu in this recipe might be paneer cheese which can stand up to the heat without losing its form.
a splash of extra-virgin olive oil
a pinch of fine grain sea salt
1 shallot, minced
3 cups cooked quinoa* (or brown rice, or other grain)
1 cup corn, fresh or frozen
1 1/2 cups kale, spinach or other hearty green, finely chopped
2 cups extra-firm nigari tofu, browned in a skillet a bit
1/3 cup pesto
1/3 cup pumpkin seeds, toasted
1/4 cup roasted cherry tomatoes** (or chopped sun-dried tomatoes)
In a big skillet or pot heat the olive oil and salt over medium-high heat. Stir in the shallot and cook for a minute or two. Stir in the quinoa and corn and cook until hot and sizzling. Stir in the kale and then the tofu, cooking until tofu is heated through. Remove the skillet from heat and stir in the pesto and pumpkin seeds. Mix well so the pesto is spread throughout. Turn everything out onto a platter and top with the cherry tomatoes.
Serves 4 - 6.
*Rinse about 2 cups quinoa in a fine-meshed strainer. In a medium saucepan heat the quinoa and 4 cups water until boiling. Reduce heat and simmer until water is absorbed and quinoa fluffs up, about 15 minutes. Quinoa is done when you can see the curlique in each grain, and it is tender with a bit of pop to each bite. Drain any extra water and set aside.
** To roast cherry tomatoes: Heat oven to 350F degrees. Cut each tomato in half and arrange in a large oven-proof baking dish. Mix together a big splash of olive oil, a spoonful of brown sugar, and a few pinches of salt - pour this over the tomatoes. Gently toss them a bit, making sure they all get coated, finishing with each tomato facing cut-side up. Place in the oven and bake for 45 mintutes or so, until the tomatoes are shrunken and sweet.
Isola Bella (in local dialect Isola Bela ) is located in Lake Maggiore , is part of the group of the so-called Borromean Islands and is located in the gulf dedicated to the well-known family who still owns it, about 400 meters off the coast of Stresa . It measures 320 meters long and 180 meters wide and is largely occupied by the Italian garden of the Borromeo palace , which occupies the south-eastern coast of the islet.
History:
Until 1632 the lower island or "island below" was a rocky cliff occupied by a tiny fishing village with two churches, one dedicated to San Vittore, present since the 11th century, the other to San Rocco. The Borromeo family , whose initial name was Vitaliani (they came from the locality of the same name in the Padua area), had as a fiefdom from the Viscontis, in the 15th century and in various phases, this entire area of Lake Maggiore, which was precisely called "Golfo Borromeo". Vitaliano I Borromeo was the first to conceive the project of an incredible palace on Isola Bella. But it was built later, especially from 1632: in that year Carlo III Borromeo began the construction of a grandiose palace dedicated to his wife, Isabella D'Adda , entrusting the works to the Milanese designer Angelo Crivelli, who was also responsible for the design of the basic layout of the gardens.
The works suffered a pause in the mid- 17th century due to the serious plague epidemic that broke out in the Duchy of Milan .
Construction regained momentum when the island passed to his sons, Cardinal Giberto III (1615–1672) and Vitaliano VI (1620–1690); the latter in particular, with the financial support of his brother, entrusted the completion of the works to the Ticino architect Carlo Fontana and made the villa a place of sumptuous parties and theatrical performances for the European nobility . Francesco Maria Richini also worked on the palace , and the Milanese sculptor Giuseppe Vismara worked on the gardens. In the neoclassical era, in the late eighteenth century , Giuseppe Zanoja , designer of the ballroom, also worked there .
His successor, his nephew Charles IV (1657–1734), was responsible for completing the gardens which were inaugurated in 1671. The island was renovated to transform it into a fantastic ship, in which the palace part was the bow and the part of the terraced gardens, on what is called an amphitheater or castle (perhaps in memory of a pre-existing medieval castle), the stern. In fact, the project envisaged a long landing place, which was then not fully built, in front of the building in the western part.
Illustrious guests
The most illustrious visits to the island date back to the period of Giberto V Borromeo (1751–1837), from Napoleon with his wife Josephine of Beauharnais to the Princess of Wales, Caroline of Brunswick . She stayed there twice: in 1797, during Napoleon's first Italian campaign, and she then returned, in love with the place, in 1805. From these stays we have Napoleon's room, furnished with Empire style furniture . An anecdote tells about Napoleon 's first wife that, having fallen in love with the place, he did everything to convince the Borromeos to sell Isola Madre or (less probably) the castles of Cannero . She met with the refusal of the Borromeos, but was able to console herself very worthily with the splendid Villa d'Este in Cernobbio , on Lake Como .
Historical events
In addition to the passage of Napoleon , Villa Borromeo on Isola Bella was also the site, from 11 to 14 April 1935, of the meeting between Mussolini , Pierre Laval and MacDonald , of the Stresa conference , aimed at maintaining political order in the face of of the German Anschluss . These state representatives met in the great hall and came to establish the so-called "Stresa agreements".
Description
The palace, open to visits, shows its halls and rooms on the main floor, built from the 17th to the 19th century, and in the lower part the caves, which so enraptured Stendhal . Inside there are paintings by Cerano , by Francesco del Cairo , by Giordano in the room called the Giordano room , they are The Judgment of Paris , Europa kidnapped by Jupiter transformed into Taurus , The triumph of Galatea , by Salvator Rosa , by the Flemish Muller known as Tempesta (an artist hosted for a long time by the Borromeos, his patrons, who had also saved him from the attempted murder trial of his wife), del Nuvolone, Francesco Zuccarelli , etc. Worth mentioning is the tapestry gallery, so called for its enormous Flemish tapestries, six in all, from the 16th century, in silk and gold, whose recurring theme is the Unicorn, emblem of the Borromeo family. In the very particular environments of the caves, covered with stones and shells of an infinite variety of types, archaeological remains of the prehistoric Golasecca culture are also collected .
Also worth mentioning are the botanical gardens with an incredible variety of exotic plants. In them the upper part is the one called "amphitheatre", given that the stage performances that fascinated the Borromeos were held here. There are various statues here, some made by the same designer, Vismara.
Literature
The novel Piccolo mondo antico by Antonio Fogazzaro , a writer from Vicenza, ends on Isola Bella .
Naturalistic relevance
Since historical times the island has hosted one of the two Italian colonies of bats Myotis capaccinii , a rare and protected species
Lake Maggiore or Verbano ( Lagh Magior in Lombard and Piedmontese ) is a pre-Alpine lake of fluvioglacial origin in the Italian geographical region . Its shores are shared between Switzerland ( Canton Ticino ) and Italy (provinces of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola and Novara , in Piedmont , and Varese , in Lombardy ).
The name Maggiore derives from the fact that it is the largest of the lakes in the area, but among the Italian lakes it is the second in surface area after Lake Garda (as well as the second in depth after Lake Como ). In the past it was joined to Lake Mergozzo , from which it was separated due to the formation of the Fondotoce Plain .
Lake Maggiore is located at a height of approximately 193 meters above sea level . Its surface area is 212 km² , most of which, approximately 80%, is in Italian territory. It has a perimeter of 170 km and a length of 64.37 km (the largest among Italian lakes); the maximum width is 10 km and the average width is 3.9 km. The volume of water contained is equal to 37.5 billion m³ with a theoretical replacement time of approximately 4 years. The hydrographic basin is approximately 6,598 km² of which 3,229 are in Italian territory and 3,369 in Swiss territory (the ratio between the surface area of the basin and that of the lake is 31.1). The maximum altitude of the catchment basin is Punta Dufour in the Monte Rosa massif (4,633 m above sea level), while the average altitude is 1,270 m above sea level. The basin is characterized by the existence of around thirty artificial reservoirs with a collection of approximately 600 million of m³ of water which, if released simultaneously, would raise the lake level by approximately 2.5 m. The maximum depth is approximately 370 m (in the cryptodepression between Ghiffa and Porto Valtravaglia ) which is therefore 177 m below sea level.
The major tributaries are the Ticino , the Maggia , the Toce (which receives the waters of the Strona torrent and therefore of Lake Orta ) and the Tresa (in turn an emissary of Lake Lugano and fed by the Margorabbia ). The major tributaries have a different flow pattern, while Ticino and Toce, which have a catchment basin at high altitudes, reach a maximum flow in the period between May and October coinciding with the melting of snow and glaciers ; the other tributaries have a trend strongly influenced by rainfall . Minor tributaries are the Verzasca , Cannobino , San Bernardino , San Giovanni , Giona and Boesio streams . The only emissary is the Ticino which flows from the lake to Sesto Calende .
Envoys
Bardello
Boesio
Mergozzo Canal
Cannobino
Erno
Fraud of Caldè
Fraud of Porto Valtravaglia
Jonah
Maggia
Molinera
Monvallina
Riale Corto
Riale del Molino
Riale del Roddo
Riale di Casere
Rio Ballona
Rio Colmegnino (or Rio di Colmegna)
Rio Colorio
Rio dell'Asino
Rio Molinetto
Rio Valmara
Rone
San Bernardino
Saint John
San Giovanni di Bedero
Thick Forest
Stronetta
Tiasca
Ticino
Toce
Aquanegra stream
Tresa
Trigo
Versella or Varesella
Verzasca
Vevera
Geology
The origin of Lake Maggiore is partly glacial, as evidenced by the layout of the hills formed by moraine deposits of a glacial nature, but it is ascertained that the glacial excavation took place on a pre-existing river valley, the profile of the lake in fact has the typical V shape of river valleys.
Baveno pink granite was widely used as a building material in the past . Furthermore, the ancient construction uses of Angera stone are known (used for example in classical antiquity and in the medieval period), while the Caldè limestone quarries provided for many centuries the raw material for the lime with which high-rise buildings were built. Lombardy and Piedmont: thanks to the ease of transport by boat, first on the lake, then on the Milanese canals
Lake Maggiore is characterized by cold winters, but milder than inland, and moderately snowy (with average accumulations of 10 cm for each snowfall and sometimes even higher than 30 cm up to a maximum of 50 cm), summers are moderately hot, humid and stormy, the average temperature in January is around 2 degrees centigrade, with peaks of 3 degrees on the northern side of the Borromean Gulf (due to the extensive exposure to the sun), night temperatures can drop below 0, up to -10, but very rarely go below this value. In summer the average temperatures are around 22 degrees centigrade, with daytime peaks rarely exceeding 32 degrees. Proceeding towards the internal valleys the temperatures gradually become more rigid. The area is very rainy and sometimes, especially in intermediate seasons, floods can occur. The temperature of the surface waters (up to 2 meters deep) of the lake reach winter peaks of 5-6 degrees, while in summer they reach an average of 22-24 degrees.
Some statistics on Lake Maggiore . It should be noted that during lean periods the water level between Locarno and Sesto Calende can vary by 1 cm, while during floods up to 30 cm
Like all pre-Alpine lakes, Lake Maggiore is crossed, especially in the summer, by two types of prevailing winds, one which blows in the morning from the mountains towards the plain (called moscendrino as it comes from the Monte Ceneri Pass , sometimes tramontana ) and a small breeze that blows from the plain to the mountains especially during the afternoon (called inverna ). These constant winds make the pre-Alpine lakes an excellent field for practicing sports that use the wind, such as sailing and windsurfing . Lake Maggiore has some particular points, especially in the upper part, where the mountains squeeze together to form a narrow valley in which these winds blow very strongly.
Then there are other winds typical of this lake such as the winter wind , which blows from the south-west and generally brings storms, the major one , which comes from the north-east and is very dangerous as it agitates the lake a lot, the valmaggine which blows slightly from the valleys behind Locarno , the mergozzo , which blows especially at night, from the north-west
In Lake Maggiore there are many large, small or tiny islands , divided between 8 in Piedmont, 2 in Switzerland and 2 in Lombardy, for a total of 12.
Borromean Islands
Beautiful island
Isola Madre
Isola dei Pescatori (or Isola Superiore or Isola Superiore dei Pescatori)
Islet of San Giovanni
Malghera islet (or rock).
Brissago Islands
San Pancrazio Island (or Big Island)
Island of Sant'Apollinare (or Isolino)
Castles of Cannero
Isolino Partegora
Sasso Galletto
Between Stresa and Verbania there is the Borromean archipelago: Isola Madre (the largest in the lake basin), Isola Bella and Isola Superiore dei Pescatori (also known more simply as Isola dei Pescatori or Isola Superiore)
Opposite the Swiss town of Ronco sopra Ascona are the two islands of Brissago, the larger of which hosts a botanical garden.
In front of the coast of Cannero Riviera there are the three emerged rocks called Castelli di Cannero: the major rock, totally occupied today by the Vitaliana war artefact, a fortress commissioned by Count Ludovico Borromeo starting from 1518, the minor rock, on which the ruins of the so-called "prisons" stand, but in fact a small advanced tower with a falconette gunboat garrisoning the southern canal port, and finally the little rock (towards Maccagno ) of the "Melgonaro", on which only a stunted but tenacious plant grows fascinated poets and engravers such as Piero Chiara , Marco Costantini , Carlo Rapp .
Finally, we must mention the small island of San Giovanni in front of Verbania (famous because it was the residence of the orchestra director Arturo Toscanini in the seventeenth-century Palazzo Borromeo for many years ), the small island of La Malghera also known as Isola delle Bambole , among 'Isola Bella and that of the Fishermen and therefore the Isolino Partegora in the small gulf of Angera .
History:
The finds and evidence found tell us that following the actual creation of the lake, with the complete retreat of the ice, the surrounding area was inhabited by nomadic groups , who used the territory mainly as a place for hunting and supplies.
In the Chalcolithic historical period, the first residential areas were built in the immediate vicinity of the lake and from that moment there was a slow consolidation of sedentary groups .
On the shores of the lake, the Golasecca culture developed between the 9th and 4th centuries BC , a Celtic -speaking Iron Age civilization . The Golasecchians advanced as far as some areas of present-day Lombardy , only to be pushed back again to their western borders by the descent of the Celts into the Italian peninsula , probably the population of the Taurine Gauls .
The Gauls therefore had supremacy over the lake territory until the advance of the Romans who turned the Piedmont and Lombard areas back into provinces of the empire . The " Verbanus Lacus " (name given to it by the Romans, from which the nomenclature Lake Verbano will probably derive ) or " Lacus Maximus " (another name even attributed to it by Virgil ) will remain firmly in the hands of the Roman Empire . In Roman times, navigation along the lake experienced particular development, so much so that ships could descend the Ticino and thus reach Pavia , from where they could reach, thanks to the Po , as far as the Adriatic Sea . It is no coincidence that the excavations of the Angera settlement have brought to light finds that show strong connections between the lake and the upper Adriatic. This shipping line experienced particular development during the early Middle Ages , when Pavia was the capital of the Lombard kingdom first and then of the kingdom of Italy.
To arrive at a period of rebirth of the cities on the lake we had to wait until the Middle Ages , which led to the creation of villages, castles and in general a very different example of the physiognomy of inhabited places.
In this period the area around the lake, as well as numerous territories in the surroundings of Milan , passed into the hands of various families such as the Della Torre , the Visconti , the ruling house of the Habsburgs from 1713 and in particular the Borromeo family , which had enormous influence for many years on Lake Maggiore, starting from the acquisition of the fiefdom of Arona in 1445. Another very illustrious lineage that had a great influence in the medieval era is that of the Marquises Morigi or Moriggia, who received numerous territories from the Viscontis such as the degagne of San Maurizio and San Martino, the Valtravaglia which were nicknamed "Morigie lands". Over the centuries the families of Borromeo and Morigi fought bitterly for hegemony over these lands. The Borromeo themselves also had, between 1523 and 1524, actual armed clashes against Francesco II Sforza who on several occasions sent troops and armed ships against the Borromeo fortresses located on the islands of Cannero . Other noble families linked to the territory since the Middle Ages were the Besozzi , the Sessa , the Luini and the Capitanei of Locarno.
Starting from the 14th century, navigation along the lake was also exploited to transport the heavy blocks of marble coming from Candoglia and other quarries located in the surroundings of the lake towards the two main Lombard construction sites of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance: the cathedral of Milan and the Charterhouse of Pavia
We went out mapping, or more precisely doing aerial photography, flying a digital camera under a nice big green balloon from the green of Goldsmiths University. The MA is Design at Goldsmiths has an option called “Design & Environment” supervised by Prof Jennifer Gabrys. It is a course that initiates students to alternatives design and environmental methods and pratices. This hands-on experiment was lead by Cesar Harada acting both as Goldsmiths tutor and Public Laboratory instructor. The mappers -who are also the authors of this post- were Anuja Uttamrao Borker, Inessa Demidova, Shan-Yu Hsu, Dk Hajah Hazwani Pg Dato Haji Jaberudin, Federica Sterpos, Chian-Yun Yang, Yifan Zhang, Elvira Grob.
A camel is an even-toed ungulate within the genus Camelus, bearing distinctive fatty deposits known as "humps" on its back. The two surviving species of camel are the dromedary, or one-humped camel (C. dromedarius), which inhabits the Middle East and the Horn of Africa; and the bactrian, or two-humped camel (C. bactrianus), which inhabits Central Asia. Both species have been domesticated; they provide milk, meat, hair for textiles or goods such as felted pouches, and are working animals with tasks ranging from human transport to bearing loads.
The term "camel" is derived via Latin and Greek (camelus and κάμηλος kamēlos respectively) from Hebrew or Phoenician gāmāl.
"Camel" is also used more broadly to describe any of the six camel-like mammals in the family Camelidae: the two true camels and the four New World camelids: the llama, alpaca, guanaco, and vicuña of South America.
BIOLOGY
The average life expectancy of a camel is 40 to 50 years. A full-grown adult camel stands 1.85 m at the shoulder and 2.15 m at the hump. Camels can run at up to 65 km/h in short bursts and sustain speeds of up to 40 km/h. Bactrian camels weigh 300 to 1,000 kg and dromedaries 300 to 600 kg.
The male dromedary camel has in its throat an organ called a dulla, a large, inflatable sac he extrudes from his mouth when in rut to assert dominance and attract females. It resembles a long, swollen, pink tongue hanging out of the side of its mouth. Camels mate by having both male and female sitting on the ground, with the male mounting from behind. The male usually ejaculates three or four times within a single mating session. Camelids are the only ungulates to mate in a sitting position.
ECOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL ADAPTIONS
Camels do not directly store water in their humps as was once commonly believed. The humps are actually reservoirs of fatty tissue: concentrating body fat in their humps minimizes the insulating effect fat would have if distributed over the rest of their bodies, helping camels survive in hot climates. When this tissue is metabolized, it yields more than one gram of water for every gram of fat processed. This fat metabolization, while releasing energy, causes water to evaporate from the lungs during respiration (as oxygen is required for the metabolic process): overall, there is a net decrease in water.
Camels have a series of physiological adaptations that allow them to withstand long periods of time without any external source of water. Unlike other mammals, their red blood cells are oval rather than circular in shape. This facilitates the flow of red blood cells during dehydration and makes them better at withstanding high osmotic variation without rupturing when drinking large amounts of water: a 600 kg camel can drink 200 L of water in three minutes.
Camels are able to withstand changes in body temperature and water consumption that would kill most other animals. Their temperature ranges from 34 °C at dawn and steadily increases to 40 °C by sunset, before they cool off at night again. Maintaining the brain temperature within certain limits is critical for animals; to assist this, camels have a rete mirabile, a complex of arteries and veins lying very close to each other which utilizes countercurrent blood flow to cool blood flowing to the brain. Camels rarely sweat, even when ambient temperatures reach 49 °C Any sweat that does occur evaporates at the skin level rather than at the surface of their coat; the heat of vaporization therefore comes from body heat rather than ambient heat. Camels can withstand losing 25% of their body weight to sweating, whereas most other mammals can withstand only about 12–14% dehydration before cardiac failure results from circulatory disturbance.
When the camel exhales, water vapor becomes trapped in their nostrils and is reabsorbed into the body as a means to conserve water. Camels eating green herbage can ingest sufficient moisture in milder conditions to maintain their bodies' hydrated state without the need for drinking.
The camels' thick coats insulate them from the intense heat radiated from desert sand; a shorn camel must sweat 50% more to avoid overheating. During the summer the coat becomes lighter in color, reflecting light as well as helping avoid sunburn. The camel's long legs help by keeping its body farther from the ground, which can heat up to 70 °C. Dromedaries have a pad of thick tissue over the sternum called the pedestal. When the animal lies down in a sternal recumbent position, the pedestal raises the body from the hot surface and allows cooling air to pass under the body.
Camels' mouths have a thick leathery lining, allowing them to chew thorny desert plants. Long eyelashes and ear hairs, together with nostrils that can close, form a barrier against sand. If sand gets lodged in their eyes, they can dislodge it using their transparent third eyelid. The camels' gait and widened feet help them move without sinking into the sand.
The kidneys and intestines of a camel are very efficient at reabsorbing water. Camel urine comes out as a thick syrup, and camel feces are so dry that they do not require drying when the Bedouins use them to fuel fires.
Camels' immune system differs from those of other mammals. Normally, the Y-shaped antibody molecules consist of two heavy (or long) chains along the length of the Y, and two light (or short) chains at each tip of the Y. Camels, in addition to these, also have antibodies made of only two heavy chains, a trait that makes them smaller and more durable. These "heavy-chain-only" antibodies, discovered in 1993, are thought to have developed 50 million years ago, after camelids split from ruminants and pigs.
GENETICS
The karyotypes of different camelid species have been studied earlier by many groups, but no agreement on chromosome nomenclature of camelids has been reached. A 2007 study flow sorted camel chromosomes, building on the fact that camels have 37 pairs of chromosomes (2n=74), and found that the karyotime consisted of one metacentric, three submetacentric, and 32 acrocentric autosomes. The Y is a small metacentric chromosome, while the X is a large metacentric chromosome.The hybrid camel, a hybrid between Bactrian and dromedary camels, has one hump, though it has an indentation 4–12 cm deep that divides the front from the back. The hybrid is 2.15 m at the shoulder and 2.32 m tall at the hump. It weighs an average of 650 kg and can carry around 400 to 450 kg, which is more than either the dromedary or Bactrian can. According to molecular data, the New World and Old World camelids diverged 11 million years ago. In spite of this, these species can still hybridize and produce fertile offspring. The cama is a camel–llama hybrid bred by scientists who wanted to see how closely related the parent species were. Scientists collected semen from a camel via an artificial vagina and inseminated a llama after stimulating ovulation with gonadotrophin injections. The cama has ears halfway between the length of camel and llama ears, no hump, longer legs than the llama, and partially cloven hooves. According to cama breeder Lulu Skidmore, cama have "the fleece of the llamas" and "the strength and patience of the camel". Like the mule, camas are sterile, despite both parents having the same number of chromosomes.
EVOLUTION
The earliest known camel, called Protylopus, lived in North America 40 to 50 million years ago (during the Eocene). It was about the size of a rabbit and lived in the open woodlands of what is now South Dakota. By 35 million years ago, the Poebrotherium was the size of a goat and had many more traits similar to camels and llamas. The hoofed Stenomylus, which walked on the tips of its toes, also existed around this time, and the long-necked Aepycamelus evolved in the Miocene.
The direct ancestor of all modern camels, Procamelus, existed in the upper Miocone and lower Pliocene. Around 3–5 million years ago, the North American Camelidae spread to South America via the Isthmus of Panama, where they gave rise to guanacos and related animals, and to Asia via the Bering land bridge. Surprising finds of fossil Paracamelus on Ellesmere Island beginning in 2006 in the high Canadian Arctic indicate the dromedary is descended from a larger, boreal browser whose hump may have evolved as an adaptation in a cold climate. This creature is estimated to have stood around nine feet tall.
The last camel native to North America was Camelops hesternus, which vanished along with horses, short-faced bears, mammoths and mastodons, ground sloths, sabertooth cats, and many other megafauna, coinciding with the migration of humans from Asia.
DOMESTICATION
Most camels surviving today are domesticated. Along with many other megafauna in North America, the original wild camels were wiped out during the spread of Native Americans from Asia into North America, 12,000 to 10,000 years ago. The only wild camels left are the Bactrian camels of the Gobi Desert.
Like the horse, before their extinction in their native land, camels spread across the Bering land bridge, moving the opposite direction from the Asian immigration to America, to survive in the Old World and eventually be domesticated and spread globally by humans.
Dromedaries may have first been domesticated by humans in Somalia and southern Arabia, around 3,000 BC, the Bactrian in central Asia around 2,500 BC, as at Shar-i Sokhta (also known as the Burnt City), Iran.
Discussions concerning camel domestication in Mesopotamia are often related to mentions of camels in the Hebrew Bible. The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: E-J for instance mentions that "In accord with patriarchal traditions, cylinder seals from Middle Bronze Age Mesopotamia showed riders seated upon camels."
Martin Heide's 2010 work on the domestication of the camel tentatively concludes that the bactrian camel was domesticated by at least the middle of the third millennium somewhere east of the Zagros Mountains, then moving into Mesopotamia, and suggests that mentions of camels "in the patriarchal narratives may refer, at least in some places, to the Bactrian camel." while noting that the camel is not mentioned in relationship to Canaan.
Recent excavations in the Timna Valley by Lidar Sapir-Hen and Erez Ben-Yosef discovered what may be the earliest domestic camel bones found in Israel or even outside the Arabian peninsula, dating to around 930 BCE. This garnered considerable media coverage as it was described as evidence that the stories of Abraham, Joseph, Jacob and Esau were written after this time.
The existence of camels in Mesopotamia but not in Israel is not a new idea. According to an article in Time Magazine, the historian Richard Bulliet wrote in his 1975 book "The Camel and the Wheel" that "the occasional mention of camels in patriarchal narratives does not mean that the domestic camels were common in the Holy Land at that period." The archaeologist William F. Albright writing even earlier saw camels in the Bible as an anachronism. The official report by Sapir-Hen and Ben-Joseph notes that "The introduction of the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) as a pack animal to the southern Levant signifies a crucial juncture in the history of the region; it substantially facilitated trade across the vast deserts of Arabia, promoting both economic and social change (e.g., Kohler 1984; Borowski 1998: 112-116; Jasmin 2005). This, together with the depiction of camels in the Patriarchal narrative, has generated extensive discussion regarding the date of the earliest domestic camel in the southern Levant (and beyond) (e.g., Albright 1949: 207; Epstein 1971: 558-584; Bulliet 1975; Zarins 1989; Köhler-Rollefson 1993; Uerpmann and Uerpmann 2002; Jasmin 2005; 2006; Heide 2010; Rosen and Saidel 2010; Grigson 2012). Most scholars today agree that the dromedary was exploited as a pack animal sometime in the early Iron Age (not before the 12th century BCE)" and concludes that "Current data from copper smelting sites of the Aravah Valley enable us to pinpoint the introduction of domestic camels to the southern Levant more precisely based on stratigraphic contexts associated with an extensive suite of radiocarbon dates. The data indicate that this event occurred not earlier than the last third of the 10th century BCE and most probably during this time. The coincidence of this event with a major reorganization of the copper industry of the region - attributed to the results of the campaign of Pharaoh Shoshenq I - raises the possibility that the two were connected, and that camels were introduced as part of the efforts to improve efficiency by facilitating trade."
MILITARY USES
By at least 1200 BC, the first camel saddles had appeared, and Bactrian camels could be ridden. The first saddle was positioned to the back of the camel, and control of the Bactrian camel was exercised by means of a stick. However, between 500–100 BC, Bactrian camels attained military use. New saddles, which were inflexible and bent, were put over the humps and divided the rider's weight over the animal. In the seventh century BC, the military Arabian saddle appeared, which improved the saddle design again slightly.
Camel cavalries have been used in wars throughout Africa, the Middle East, and into modern-day Border Security Force of India (though as of July 2012, the BSF has planned the replacement of camels with ATVs). The first use of camel cavalries was in the Battle of Qarqar in 853 BC. Armies have also used camels as freight animals instead of horses and mules.
In the East Roman Empire, the Romans used auxiliary forces known as dromedarii, whom they recruited in desert provinces. The camels were used mostly in combat because of their ability to scare off horses at close ranges (horses are afraid of the camels' scent), a quality famously employed by the Achaemenid Persians when fighting Lydia in the Battle of Thymbra.
19th and 20th CENTURIES
The United States Army established the U.S. Camel Corps, which was stationed in California in the late 19th century. One may still see stables at the Benicia Arsenal in Benicia, California, where they nowadays serve as the Benicia Historical Museum. Though the experimental use of camels was seen as a success (John B. Floyd, Secretary of War in 1858, recommended that funds be allocated towards obtaining a thousand more camels), the outbreak of the American Civil War saw the end of the Camel Corps: Texas became part of the Confederacy, and most of the camels were left to wander away into the desert.
France created a méhariste camel corps in 1912 as part of the Armée d'Afrique in the Sahara in order to exercise greater control over the camel-riding Tuareg and Arab insurgents, as previous efforts to defeat them on foot had failed. The camel-mounted units remained in service until the end of French rule over Algeria in 1962.
In 1916, the British created the Imperial Camel Corps. It was originally used to fight the Senussi, but was later used in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign in World War I. The Imperial Camel Corps comprised infantrymen mounted on camels for movement across desert, though they dismounted at battle sites and fought on foot. After July 1918, the Corps began to become run down, receiving no new reinforcements, and was formally disbanded in 1919.
In World War I, the British Army also created the Egyptian Camel Transport Corps, which consisted of a group of Egyptian camel drivers and their camels. The Corps supported British war operations in Sinai, Palestine, and Syria by transporting supplies to the troops.
The Somaliland Camel Corps was created by colonial authorities in British Somaliland in 1912; it was disbanded in 1944.
Bactrian camels were used by Romanian forces during World War II in the Caucasian region.
The Bikaner Camel Corps of British India fought alongside the British Indian Army in World Wars I and II.
The Tropas Nómadas (Nomad Troops) were an auxiliary regiment of Sahrawi tribesmen serving in the colonial army in Spanish Sahara (today Western Sahara). Operational from the 1930s until the end of the Spanish presence in the territory in 1975, the Tropas Nómadas were equipped with small arms and led by Spanish officers. The unit guarded outposts and sometimes conducted patrols on camelback.
FOOD USES
DAIRY
Camel milk is a staple food of desert nomad tribes and is sometimes considered a meal in and of itself; a nomad can live on only camel milk for almost a month. Camel milk is rich in vitamins, minerals, proteins, and immunoglobulins; compared to cow's milk, it is lower in fat and lactose, and higher in potassium, iron, and vitamin C. Bedouins believe the curative powers of camel milk are enhanced if the camel's diet consists of certain desert plants. Camel milk can readily be made into a drinkable yogurt, as well as butter or cheese, though the yields for cheese tend to be low.
Camel milk cannot be made into butter by the traditional churning method. It can be made if it is soured first, churned, and a clarifying agent is then added. Until recently, camel milk could not be made into camel cheese because rennet was unable to coagulate the milk proteins to allow the collection of curds. Developing less wasteful uses of the milk, the FAO commissioned Professor J.P. Ramet of the École Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie et des Industries Alimentaires, who was able to produce curdling by the addition of calcium phosphate and vegetable rennet. The cheese produced from this process has low levels of cholesterol and is easy to digest, even for the lactose intolerant. The sale of camel cheese is limited owing to the small output of the few dairies producing camel cheese and the absence of camel cheese in local (West African) markets. Cheese imports from countries that traditionally breed camels are difficult to obtain due to restrictions on dairy imports from these regions.
Additionally, camel milk has been made into ice cream in a Netherlands camel farm.
MEAT
A camel carcass can provide a substantial amount of meat. The male dromedary carcass can weigh 300–400 kg, while the carcass of a male Bactrian can weigh up to 650 kg. The carcass of a female dromedary weighs less than the male, ranging between 250 and 350 kg. The brisket, ribs and loin are among the preferred parts, and the hump is considered a delicacy. The hump contains "white and sickly fat", which can be used to make the khli (preserved meat) of mutton, beef, or camel. Camel meat is reported to taste like coarse beef, but older camels can prove to be very tough, although camel meat becomes more tender the more it is cooked. The Abu Dhabi Officers' Club serves a camel burger mixed with beef or lamb fat in order to improve the texture and taste. In Karachi, Pakistan, some restaurants prepare nihari from camel meat. In Syria and Egypt, there are specialist camel butchers.
Camel meat has been eaten for centuries. It has been recorded by ancient Greek writers as an available dish at banquets in ancient Persia, usually roasted whole. The ancient Roman emperor Heliogabalus enjoyed camel's heel.[31] Camel meat is still eaten in certain regions, including Eritrea, Somalia, Djibouti, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Syria, Libya, Sudan, Ethiopia, Kazakhstan, and other arid regions where alternative forms of protein may be limited or where camel meat has had a long cultural history. Camel blood is also consumable, as is the case among pastoralists in northern Kenya, where camel blood is drunk with milk and acts as a key source of iron, vitamin D, salts and minerals. Camel meat is also occasionally found in Australian cuisine: for example, a camel lasagna is available in Alice Springs.
A 2005 report issued jointly by the Saudi Ministry of Health and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention details cases of human bubonic plague resulting from the ingestion of raw camel liver.
RELIGION
ISLAM
Camel meat is halal for Muslims. However, according to some Islamic schools of thought, a state of impurity is brought on by the consumption of it. Consequently, these schools hold that Muslims must perform wudhu (ablution) before the next time they pray after eating camel meat.
Also, some Islamic schools of thought consider it haraam for a Muslim to perform salat in places where camels lie, as it is said to be a dwelling place of shaytan.
According to Suni ahadith collected by Bukhari and Muslim, Muhammad ordered a certain group of people to drink camel milk and urine as a medicine. However, according to Abū Ḥanīfa, the drinking of camel urine, while not forbidden (ḥaram), is disliked (makrūh) in Islam.
Camel urine is sold as traditional medicine in shops in Saudi Arabia. The Sunni scholar Muhammad Al-Munajjid's IslamQA.info recommends camel urine as beneficial to curing certain diseases and to human health and cited Ahadith and scientific studies as justification. King Abdulaziz University researcher Dr. Faten Abdel-Rajman Khorshid has claimed that cancer and other diseases could be treated with camel urine as recommended by the Prophet. The United Arab Emirates "Arab Science and Technology Foundation" reported that cancer could be treated with camel urine. Camel urine was also prescribed as a treatment by Zaghloul El-Naggar, a religious scholar. Camel urine is the only urine which is permitted to be drunk according to the Hanbali madhhab of Sunni Islam. The World Health Organization said that camel urine consumption may be a factor in the spread of the MERS virus in Saudi Arabia. The Gulf Times writer Ahmad al-Sayyed wrote that various afflictions are dealt with camel urine by people. Dandruff, scalp ailments, hair, sores, and wounds were recommended to be treated with camel urine by Ibn Sina. Arab American University Professor of Cell Biology and Immunology Bashar Saad (PhD) along with Omar Said (PhD) wrote that medicinal use of camel urine is approved of and promoted by Islam since it was recommended by the prophet. A test on mice found that cytotoxic effects similar to cyclophosphamide were induced on bone marrow by camel urine. Besides for consumption as a medicinal drink, camel urine is believed to help treat hair. Bites from insects were warded off with camel urine, which also served as a shampoo. Camel urine is also used to help treat asthma, infections, treat hair, sores, hair growth and boost libido.
Several Sunni Ahadith mention drinking camel urine. Some Shia criticized Wahhabis for camel urine treatment. Shia scholars also recommend the medicinal use of camel urine. Shia Hadith on Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq reported that shortness of breath (asthma) was treated with camel urine. Shia Marja Ayatollah Sistani said that for medicinal purposes only, sheep, cow, and camel urine can be drunk.
JUDAISM
According to Jewish tradition, camel meat and milk are not kosher. Camels possess only one of the two kosher criteria; although they chew their cud, they do not possess cloven hooves:
Nevertheless these shall ye not eat of them that only chew the cud, or of them that only part the hoof: the camel, because he cheweth the cud but parteth not the hoof, he is unclean unto you.
— Leviticus 11:4
DISTRIBUTION ANDNUMBERS
There are around 14 million camels alive as of 2010, with 90% being dromedaries. Dromedaries alive today are domesticated animals (mostly living in the Horn of Africa, the Sahel, Maghreb, Middle East and South Asia). The Horn region alone has the largest concentration of camels in the world, where the dromedaries constitute an important part of local nomadic life. They provide nomadic people in Somalia (which has the largest camel herd in the world) and Ethiopia with milk, food, and transportation.
The Bactrian camel is, as of 2010, reduced to an estimated 1.4 million animals, most of which are domesticated. The only truly wild Bactrian camels, of which there are less than one thousand, are thought to inhabit the Gobi Desert in China and Mongolia.
The largest population of feral camels is in Australia. There are around 700,000 feral dromedary camels in central parts of Australia, descended from those introduced as a method of transport in the 19th and early 20th centuries. This population is growing about 8% per year. Representatives of the Australian government have culled more than 100,000 of the animals in part because the camels use too much of the limited resources needed by sheep farmers.
A small population of introduced camels, dromedaries and Bactrians, wandered through Southwest United States after having been imported in the 1800s as part of the U.S. Camel Corps experiment. When the project ended, they were used as draft animals in mines and escaped or were released. Twenty-five U.S. camels were bought and imported to Canada during the Cariboo Gold Rush.
WIKIPEDIA
Sand, or to put it more precisely high-purity silicon dioxide particles, is the essential raw material from which we make concrete, glass, fiberoptic cables, computer chips, and other high-tech hardware. The installation Smart.ing Bodies features “glass instruments” made of quartz sand that Evelina Rajca collected from disappearing beaches and mountains around the world. The multisensory sound installation consists of those two glass resonators, sensors, motors, and an algorithmic composition created partly by AI learning processes. In order to keep on playing and to avoid a “resonance disaster” (the destruction of the glass or motor), the algorithmic program has to learn to conduct a variety of smart frequencies. What can be heard is the sound of sand, which is pure yet complex and ever-changing.
Credit: tom mesic
We went out mapping, or more precisely doing aerial photography, flying a digital camera under a nice big green balloon from the green of Goldsmiths University. The MA is Design at Goldsmiths has an option called “Design & Environment” supervised by Prof Jennifer Gabrys. It is a course that initiates students to alternatives design and environmental methods and pratices. This hands-on experiment was lead by Cesar Harada acting both as Goldsmiths tutor and Public Laboratory instructor. The mappers -who are also the authors of this post- were Anuja Uttamrao Borker, Inessa Demidova, Shan-Yu Hsu, Dk Hajah Hazwani Pg Dato Haji Jaberudin, Federica Sterpos, Chian-Yun Yang, Yifan Zhang, Elvira Grob.
Pietari Posti precisely paints pleasing patterns for patient patrons, peeping his portfolio. Creative Tempest is not liable for any spit related keyboard damage if you read that sentence out loud. Pietari Posti’s work is full of things Creative Tempest loves. Bold colors, animals, skyscrapers, beautiful people, and that perfect dash of wild, draw-outside-the-lines designing flavor. Find out more at www.creativetempest.com
Pietari Posti precisely paints pleasing patterns for patient patrons, peeping his portfolio. Creative Tempest is not liable for any spit related keyboard damage if you read that sentence out loud. Pietari Posti’s work is full of things Creative Tempest loves. Bold colors, animals, skyscrapers, beautiful people, and that perfect dash of wild, draw-outside-the-lines designing flavor. Find out more at www.creativetempest.com
At precisely 9.01am they fired up the excavator, and thus ended any chance of sleeping in after a long weekend in Michigan.
This guy was in charge of making certain the hole was to specification...
Almost precisely 46 years since my previous visit! The poles in the earlier photograph were for power for the bell system of communication, replaced by telephones in the 1990s. The cars have been repainted, but are the original ones of 1902. See below
[http://www.flickr.com/photos/16749798@N08/6892699746/sizes/s/in/photostream/]
THIS PIECE TOOK ME PRECISELY 6 HOURS T OD AND IT WAS SUPPOSE TO BE DONE ON NEW YEARS EVE, NO THANKS TO THOSE TFL AND NEW YEARS PARTY ORGANISING IDIOTS !!!
Plus doing it on NEW YEARS DAY WAS A DAY TO LEARN AND PREPARE FOR NEXT TIME TOO
This is my superhero NEW YEARS PIECE filled with Amalgamte characters,BANANAMAN, BLuntman and Chronic and of COURSE ME GIVING YOU AN AFFIRMATIVE MESSAGE
"BE A HERO THIS YEAR!!"
HAVE A GREAT YEAR PEOPLE AND ALWAYS BE POSITIVE TOO !!
Lontong Balap
Lontong balap is one of traditional foods from East Java, precisely from Surabaya. Lontong balap is consist of lontong or sticky rice cake, bean sprout, tofu and lentho. Lentho is more or less like fried cake, which is made by cassava and cowpea, it is tasty and make particular crunchy-ness in Lontong balap. It become more yummy by garlic dressing sauce and hot shrimp paste.
Moreover, when eating Lontong balap, do no forget to complete it with Sate Kerang or scallop satai and coconut ice.
Why this food named by Lontong Balap, because formerly, when the people who sell Lontong Balap they used heavy-barrel-shaped and bear it to the whole city. This barrel make the seller had to walk as fast as they can, seems like someone who taking a race. Balap is taken from Javanese language, balapan, means racing. Recently, we can find Lontong balap in stall or barrow.
We can find some Lontong Balap in all over Surabaya, whether in stall or barrow. Fortunately, the most popular Lontong Balap in Surabaya is located in Kranggan street, there are some stalls over the street that offering Lontong balap as their main menu, but the most special one is belong to Lontong Balap Garuda by Pak Gendut. It becomes famous for the different taste within the ingredients, and that makes Lontong Balap Pak Gendut known by people outside Surabaya.
More info visit:
Taken on the Isle of Seil - Precisely on the lands of the Oban Seil Farm at the top of the hills. The sheep were looking at me .. so I 'shot' them!!
Available on RedBubble.com/people/infotrontof
[Wikipedia] Seil has been linked to the Scottish mainland since 1792 when the Clachan Bridge was built by engineer Robert Mylne. Also known as the Bridge Over the Atlantic, the bridge is still used today and in early summer is covered in fairy foxgloves (Erinus alpinus).
The main settlement on Seil is former slate-mining village Ellenabeich, where parts of Ring of Bright Water were filmed. The Ellenabeich Heritage Centre which opened in 2000, is run by the Scottish Slate Islands Trust.
We went out mapping, or more precisely doing aerial photography, flying a digital camera under a nice big green balloon from the green of Goldsmiths University. The MA is Design at Goldsmiths has an option called “Design & Environment” supervised by Prof Jennifer Gabrys. It is a course that initiates students to alternatives design and environmental methods and pratices. This hands-on experiment was lead by Cesar Harada acting both as Goldsmiths tutor and Public Laboratory instructor. The mappers -who are also the authors of this post- were Anuja Uttamrao Borker, Inessa Demidova, Shan-Yu Hsu, Dk Hajah Hazwani Pg Dato Haji Jaberudin, Federica Sterpos, Chian-Yun Yang, Yifan Zhang, Elvira Grob.
von links: Philipp Sackl (envis precisely), Thomas Gläser (envis precisely), Manuel Hübner (spyre light) und Evgeny Orkin (spyre light)
Precisely two weeks after my accident, they finally got me on my feet and started teaching me how to walk again, albeit with a granny walker. But I had to start somewhere. I was dizzy and went extremely slow, but it was a welcome feeling to finally be out of my hospital bed which I had been glued to for two weeks (yeah, they wouldn't even let me out of bed to go poop... had to poop in a pan). I nearly cried when I got to this point coming back from my 50 foot jaunt. It meant to me that the end of the dark tunnel was coming soon and I'd be able to leave the hospital.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.
Geger Hill Bangkalan
Geger hill is located approximately 30 km southeast of the City Bangkalan, precisely in the village of Geger, District Geger. This hill is located at an altitude of about 150-200 meters above sea level.
According to the folk legend, Geger hill was the first place that had been visited by the first civilian who came in Madura. On 7-8 Century, it was Patih Pranggulan from Mendangkawulan kingdom in the the foothill of Semeru became the first man who landed in Planggirân ( a set of rocks) in Geger hill. At that time he came together with Princess Dewi Ratna Roroagung, the daughter of Mendangkawulan king, and she was pregnant.
Both Patih Pranggulan and Princess Dewi Ratna Roroagung which was called as Putri Koneng or Koneng princess was castaway. At geger hill, the princess Koneng was always did meditation at the edge of the cliff, everyday before the sunset. Now, the rock that seems like chair is being called as Palènggiyân (Madura).
Relating the folk legend above, in geger hill, there are five legendary caves in the form of Madurese language, like Petapan cave (the cave for meditation), Goa Potre (princess cave ), Goa Planangan (men cave), Goa Pancong Pote (white lynch cave) and Goa Olar (Snake Cave).
Up to now, in that location there are some visitors from Madura or the outside Madura come to those sites doing some meditating or praying, the local people call this as Tirakatan.
Geger hill is such a potential destination in Madura, for it has camping ground for those who want to explore more about this hill. Moreover, there is also Acacia forest, Mahogany forest and Teak forest that covering 42 hectares of the hil. We can see the beautiful rice field and some lakes over the sightseeing and a resort on the hilltop of Pelanggiran site. Furthermore, it become more potential to be the tourism destination in Bangkalan because this site is having the historical background of the first founding of Madura.
More info visit
This is precisely what the emergency services do not want to see. People placing themselves at risk by jumping off the cliffs at Arbroath, or tombstoning as it is known. The picture was taken in September, 2008. At a glance it might be taken to be a screen shot from the computer game Lemmings.
Although Ki & Ka is not precisely Kareena Kapoor’s comeback it is positively a departure from the secure roles she’s accepted within the current previous, like her temporary look in Bajrangi Bhaijaan.
So critics and followers have one query on their minds after the movie ...
tech-knowledges.com/2016/04/01/has-kareena-kapoor-let-her...
This is precisely where mamen and i sat down for lunch. I took a peep and that was like a steep 100 foot fall down the hill, if you happen to roll down further away from the hut then into the trees then that would be another 1500 - 2000 feet fall, i guess.
All i could ever think of seeing this hut, especially after a woman washed utensils and tok it inside is.. "How the **** on earth do you live there, why? why?!!!" I really wanted to shout "Do you need some medical help or something?!?" oh well, but i thought a picture would make it better and shot this.
Scary stuff or call it craaaaaaaaaazy!
Canon EOS 400D with the 50 MM F/1.8 EF-S II Prime Lens, Aperture Priority @ F/5, 1/125th of a second.
These are our latest discoveries since some time ago....
From this logical statistical point onwards, I guess it can help human beings forecast things more precisely and fast now.
Nothing is uncontrollable or predictable at all? Many things are possible & will be improved sooner or later through such kind of logical and viable prediction…Right?
Have you ever tested such experiment or been making any mathematical calculations or estimation in your house or the place which you stay frequently ?
Our health is relied on the daily accumulation of valuable data & figure, does our life success also rely on the daily accumulation of valuable data & figure too.... it is not a nice game probably, but we have no other choice if we do not challenge further, right? Do we have other better choice?
神化的宇宙梦境-008-健康是靠我们每天里所累积的珍贵数据和数字，成功的人生与否也是靠我们每天里所累积的珍贵数据和数字。。。也许不好玩吧？？
我们有其它更美好的选择吗？
If you are interested to know better, kindly please refer to the video at: video.cctv.com/opus/178681.html
We used to keep accumulating all kinds of molecules and pollutant substances every second into our body silently via perspiration process. Among these substances possibilities may include many unknown viruses and other categories as well. The main reason is this universe is full of too many mysterious items which beyond our forecast. Of course, the seriousness of pollutions varies according to how polluted or how hygienic the situation of a particular place.
Have we ever controlled these problems? Can we minimize them?
How can we get rid of such problems cheaply? In fact, I am sure we can resist such problems via mathematical calculations clearly and fast via the valuable information data as shown above.
Do we still dare to counter attack such problems? Can we bet our life that we will be able to live in a minimum virus and pollution condition spontaneously? It can not be denied that people used to work or visit smelly fish or meat stalls environment no matter even in the indoor hypermarkets or at the outdoor compound areas, stuffy factories or massive population density area such as during the schools general meeting & many official general meetings, toilets and etc places usually everyday. All these pollution matters can not be solved logically if we never make a single change.
Since someone has invented certain electrical device which can allow us to minimize the virus and pollutant count effectively? If not mistaken it can release10,000,000,000,000,000 ion/second, this means it can neutralize up to 10,000,000,000,000,000 cations/second instantly.
根据科学的异性相吸实际原理，每种份子拥有自己的个性。当每种正离子份子在它们自己本身适当的温度之下遇上负离子时，将会马上如磁铁般产生变化相吸在一起, 沉淀。
由于这个可爱的原理，人们将能摆脱不必要的尘埃问题。。然而，这
还是不够全面的。因为，空气里还带有无数的细菌。对于臭气熏天以及可恶的细菌及其它的废气和化学物呢， 人们如何可以以经济的方式处理呢？ 唯有透过更加广泛性的适当科学原理。例如：透过更加广泛性的空气清理器。
只要人类明白了美丽的异性相吸实际原理，加上以上那么清楚及有效的数据论点；相信人类将会大力推广类似原理，快捷的为社会解决到更多的环境问题。
Based on our scientific research and development nowadays, although we need to neutralize uncountable quantity of unknown positive metallic ions, viruses and unknown microorganism especially, it doesn’t mean we can apply too powerful kinds of such devices. The important reason here is excessive voltage or radial reaction supply probably may damage our human body’s internal tissue probably.
We have to choose the adequate electrical consumption supply kinds of equipments only. We must be careful always what brand and what products we shall choose. Brutal choice and actions may lead to adverse life impact and life happiness consequently.
Shall we confirm and improve this beneficial fact further?
Isn’t it amazing enough if we can minimize our indoor air pollution problems by a simple touch yet under very cheap condition only for the long run? Just imagine if the electrical consumption cost for such smart device is only at around RM5/month. In other words it costs less than RM0.20/day only, isn’t it worthwhile for us to challenge? Prevention is better than cure definitely..
According to such company, their products are complied with the rules & regulations from MYIPO, FDA & and they have obtained many other certified laboratory test accreditation s too.
I think we have to take such kind of logical action no matter how; otherwise our life journey will be just like that forever. That is that… Can you let it go then? I am sure you will not, since you have been equipped with so much knowledge, experience, and power and so on etc
Some of them are beneficial for our body, whereas others might be harmful enough. The consequences of these reasons may result many big issues besides other interlinking disadvantaged possibilities as well.
If we can't filter certain harmful particles out from our body easily, what consequences we may face? Can we depend our luck by praying hard only in this literate world? It must be too ridiculous then if based on the principle of " Nothing Comes From Nothing ". If not, how? For those who are rich enough might be quite alert to undergo various kinds of detoxifications methods regularly.
What about for the poor categories of people, don’t you think they also want to detoxify their body?
Are the current solutions reliable and cheap enough? Have their products been tested & proven working well? Is there any side effect?
What rules & regulations our governments apply? How they govern our countries?
Why can’t human beings prevent them in the first place? This world is too huge, and we are so tiny.... It brings us too many mysterious stories... The more we read, hear and see the more exciting & thrilling we feel …. The consequences of certain experience making us sad and hard to bear sometimes…. Can’t we help our people get rid of certain possible problems? Can’t we help our people to challenge for better condition ???
???? Too many unknown questions keep spinning in my head everyday ...and causing me exhausted and headache only sometimes...
Can any angels help in this world? Well, I am sure many will help so.
I strongly believe with today's technologies in this competitive era and economy meltdown crisis situation especially, reliable and economical true facts can defeat the fake one transparently and fast.
Please be confident...
Coming soon...
Cheapest In Town Antibiotic & Air Pollution Solution
Containing precisely 140 antioxidants. I get 'em with almond milk, and ask 'em to hold the vanilla syrup.
(iPhone)
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I picture I took while I was traveling, this Easter, to the Mt Blanc, more precisely Chamonix, France .
We went out mapping, or more precisely doing aerial photography, flying a digital camera under a nice big green balloon from the green of Goldsmiths University. The MA is Design at Goldsmiths has an option called “Design & Environment” supervised by Prof Jennifer Gabrys. It is a course that initiates students to alternatives design and environmental methods and pratices. This hands-on experiment was lead by Cesar Harada acting both as Goldsmiths tutor and Public Laboratory instructor. The mappers -who are also the authors of this post- were Anuja Uttamrao Borker, Inessa Demidova, Shan-Yu Hsu, Dk Hajah Hazwani Pg Dato Haji Jaberudin, Federica Sterpos, Chian-Yun Yang, Yifan Zhang, Elvira Grob.
A pencil sketch of a Japanese train station, 1960s. I loved the trains that ran precisely on time. From Atsugi to Tokyo in about an hour, but I usually got off in Yokohama. I loved Yokohama--it was my kind of place.
Geger Hill Bangkalan
Geger hill is located approximately 30 km southeast of the City Bangkalan, precisely in the village of Geger, District Geger. This hill is located at an altitude of about 150-200 meters above sea level.
According to the folk legend, Geger hill was the first place that had been visited by the first civilian who came in Madura. On 7-8 Century, it was Patih Pranggulan from Mendangkawulan kingdom in the the foothill of Semeru became the first man who landed in Planggirân ( a set of rocks) in Geger hill. At that time he came together with Princess Dewi Ratna Roroagung, the daughter of Mendangkawulan king, and she was pregnant.
Both Patih Pranggulan and Princess Dewi Ratna Roroagung which was called as Putri Koneng or Koneng princess was castaway. At geger hill, the princess Koneng was always did meditation at the edge of the cliff, everyday before the sunset. Now, the rock that seems like chair is being called as Palènggiyân (Madura).
Relating the folk legend above, in geger hill, there are five legendary caves in the form of Madurese language, like Petapan cave (the cave for meditation), Goa Potre (princess cave ), Goa Planangan (men cave), Goa Pancong Pote (white lynch cave) and Goa Olar (Snake Cave).
Up to now, in that location there are some visitors from Madura or the outside Madura come to those sites doing some meditating or praying, the local people call this as Tirakatan.
Geger hill is such a potential destination in Madura, for it has camping ground for those who want to explore more about this hill. Moreover, there is also Acacia forest, Mahogany forest and Teak forest that covering 42 hectares of the hil. We can see the beautiful rice field and some lakes over the sightseeing and a resort on the hilltop of Pelanggiran site. Furthermore, it become more potential to be the tourism destination in Bangkalan because this site is having the historical background of the first founding of Madura.
More info visit
Old Woman Frying Eggs is a genre painting by Diego Velázquez, produced during his Seville period. The date is not precisely known but is thought to be around the turn of 1618 before his definitive move to Madrid in 1623. Velázquez frequently used working-class characters in early paintings like this one, in many cases using his family as models; the old woman here also appears in his Christ in the House of Martha and Mary (1618). There is some dispute about what cooking process is actually depicted with some suggesting not frying but poaching, leading to an alternative title of the painting, Old Woman Cooking Eggs or Old Woman Poaching Eggs.
Old Woman Frying Eggs is considered to be one of the strongest of Velázquez's early works. Like others, it shows the influence of chiaroscuro, with a strong light source coming in from the left illuminating the woman, her utensils and the poaching eggs, while throwing the background and the boy standing to her right into deep shadow. Here the chiaroscuro is very intense, so much so that it would be impossible to see the wall at the bottom of the painting but for the basket hanging from it; it simultaneously manages to combine the murky darkness and high contrasts of light and shadow with the use of subtle hues and a palette dominated by ochres and browns. The composition is organised as an oval with the middle figures in the nearest plane, thus drawing in the viewer.
The realism is nearly photographic and shows everyday plates, cutlery, pans, pestles, jugs and mortars, capturing the special shine on a glass surface and the light's play on the melon carried by the boy. The boiling pan is particularly well-captured, with its reflections and the whites of the eggs. Velázquez also worked particularly hard on the detail of the two figure's hands.
Geger Hill Bangkalan
Geger hill is located approximately 30 km southeast of the City Bangkalan, precisely in the village of Geger, District Geger. This hill is located at an altitude of about 150-200 meters above sea level.
According to the folk legend, Geger hill was the first place that had been visited by the first civilian who came in Madura. On 7-8 Century, it was Patih Pranggulan from Mendangkawulan kingdom in the the foothill of Semeru became the first man who landed in Planggirân ( a set of rocks) in Geger hill. At that time he came together with Princess Dewi Ratna Roroagung, the daughter of Mendangkawulan king, and she was pregnant.
Both Patih Pranggulan and Princess Dewi Ratna Roroagung which was called as Putri Koneng or Koneng princess was castaway. At geger hill, the princess Koneng was always did meditation at the edge of the cliff, everyday before the sunset. Now, the rock that seems like chair is being called as Palènggiyân (Madura).
Relating the folk legend above, in geger hill, there are five legendary caves in the form of Madurese language, like Petapan cave (the cave for meditation), Goa Potre (princess cave ), Goa Planangan (men cave), Goa Pancong Pote (white lynch cave) and Goa Olar (Snake Cave).
Up to now, in that location there are some visitors from Madura or the outside Madura come to those sites doing some meditating or praying, the local people call this as Tirakatan.
Geger hill is such a potential destination in Madura, for it has camping ground for those who want to explore more about this hill. Moreover, there is also Acacia forest, Mahogany forest and Teak forest that covering 42 hectares of the hil. We can see the beautiful rice field and some lakes over the sightseeing and a resort on the hilltop of Pelanggiran site. Furthermore, it become more potential to be the tourism destination in Bangkalan because this site is having the historical background of the first founding of Madura.
More info visit
This wasn't precisely the shot I had aimed to capture but the signals went off simultaneously for this and the RHTT in the other direction. I had therefore had to rush over the footbridge twice as the 57s appeared first and then had to rush back over for this as the pair cross the River Blackwater.
The LEDs are held in place by a small cardboard stencil. I could not do it today because I forgot to get M2 nuts to hold it together (grml) but I'll do that tomorrow :)
the coordinate measuring machine is used to precisely measure and check specific points of a machined part against the engineer's specifications. the tiny probe touches the part it various places and makes a little 'beep!' when the measurement is taken. it was very cool to see such a big machine working so quickly yet so daintily.
Geger Hill Bangkalan
Geger hill is located approximately 30 km southeast of the City Bangkalan, precisely in the village of Geger, District Geger. This hill is located at an altitude of about 150-200 meters above sea level.
According to the folk legend, Geger hill was the first place that had been visited by the first civilian who came in Madura. On 7-8 Century, it was Patih Pranggulan from Mendangkawulan kingdom in the the foothill of Semeru became the first man who landed in Planggirân ( a set of rocks) in Geger hill. At that time he came together with Princess Dewi Ratna Roroagung, the daughter of Mendangkawulan king, and she was pregnant.
Both Patih Pranggulan and Princess Dewi Ratna Roroagung which was called as Putri Koneng or Koneng princess was castaway. At geger hill, the princess Koneng was always did meditation at the edge of the cliff, everyday before the sunset. Now, the rock that seems like chair is being called as Palènggiyân (Madura).
Relating the folk legend above, in geger hill, there are five legendary caves in the form of Madurese language, like Petapan cave (the cave for meditation), Goa Potre (princess cave ), Goa Planangan (men cave), Goa Pancong Pote (white lynch cave) and Goa Olar (Snake Cave).
Up to now, in that location there are some visitors from Madura or the outside Madura come to those sites doing some meditating or praying, the local people call this as Tirakatan.
Geger hill is such a potential destination in Madura, for it has camping ground for those who want to explore more about this hill. Moreover, there is also Acacia forest, Mahogany forest and Teak forest that covering 42 hectares of the hil. We can see the beautiful rice field and some lakes over the sightseeing and a resort on the hilltop of Pelanggiran site. Furthermore, it become more potential to be the tourism destination in Bangkalan because this site is having the historical background of the first founding of Madura.
More info visit
That's what it says, but that's precisely where the road-raging, tail-gating maniac driver of a Jimmy, who shook a fist at me and yelled "idiot" (when I dared to pull over to the side of the road for a photo op.), parked anyway when he was done harassing me.
When I spotted this individual inside the ER, he was leaning on a cane and appeared in danger of imminent cardiac arrest, I decided not to turn him in.
Not that he didn't deserve it, the "fusty nut." (a favorite Shakespearean insult)
Springfield, Vermont.
The deer (not sure which species precisely, I think a roe-deer) was hanging out in the forest of the "Amsterdamse Waterleiding duinen"
I took me quite some time to take the picture, first to get at the right side (sun in the back :)) and then I had to wait for the shadow of the tree to slide away from the head. I think it was an hour well spend :))
But I definitely need a longer lens, this guy almost got away before I could take the picture, because he spotted me.
Shot with Minolta Dynax 7 and Ilford Hp5+ Black and White film.
It is not known precisely when the castle was built, but records show the existence of a castle on this site from the early 13th century. The area had been granted to the Durward family in 1229, and they were probably the builders of the castle. It was certainly in existence in 1296, as it was captured by Edward I of England at this time. It was besieged by Sir Andrew de Moray in the course of his clearing the English from northern Scotland. Sir Robert Lauder of Quarrelwood was Constable of Urquhart Castle in 1329, and his grandson Robert Chisholm succeeded him in 1359. The castle was seized from the Crown in the mid-fifteenth century by the Earl of Ross, but recovered shortly afterwards. In 1509, it was given as a gift to the Grants, whose ownership lasted until 1912. During this period, the MacDonalds captured the castle in 1545, while it was also captured by a Covenanter force in 1644. The castle was then largely destroyed in 1692 by Williamite troops who had been holding the castle against Jacobite forces (Gifford 1992, 217). The intention was to ensure that the castle could not become a Jacobite stronghold, an intention that was fully achieved as the castle was never repaired and remained as a ruin. Subsequent plundering of the stonework for re-use by locals, and natural decay, further reduced the ruins.
Pueblo Bonito, the largest and best known Great House in Chaco Culture National Historical Park, northern New Mexico, was built by ancestral Pueblo people and occupied between AD 828 and 1126.
Pueblo Bonito is divided into two sections by a precisely aligned wall, running north to south, through the central plaza. A Great Kiva is placed on either side of the wall, creating a symmetrical pattern common to many of the Great Houses. In addition to the great kivas, over thirty other kivas or ceremonial structures have been found, many also associated with the large central courtyard. Interior living spaces were quite large by the standards of the Ancient Pueblo.
The site covers almost two acres (8,000 m²) and incorporates at least 650 rooms, with some estimates rising to 800. In parts of the village, the tiered structure was four and five stories high. During later construction, some lower level rooms were filled with debris to better support the weight of the upper levels. The builder's use of core and veneer architecture and multi-story construction produced massive masonry walls as much as three feet (1 m) thick.
It is possible that Pueblo Bonito is actually neither a village nor city. While its size has the capacity for a significant population, the environment may not have been ideal for sustaining a large population. Excavations at the site have not revealed significant trash middens indicating residential areas. A common suggestion is that Pueblo Bonito was a ritual center. This is not only evident in the existence of the kivas (which are more often than not attributed to ritual function) but also in the construction of the site and its relation to other Chaco Canyon sites. Although there were many occupants, only 50-60 burials were found here.
Examination of pack rat middens revealed that, at the time that pueblo bonito was built Chaco Canyon and the surrounding areas were wooded by trees such as Ponderosa Pines. Evidence of such trees can be seen within the structure of Pueblo Bonito, such as the first floor support beams. Scientists hypothesised that during the time that the pueblo was inhabited the valley was cleared of almost all of the trees, to provide timber for construction and fuel. This, combined with a period of drought, led to the water table in the valley to drop severely, making the land infertile. This explains why Pueblo Bonito was only inhabited for about 300 years and is a good example of the effect that deforestation can have on the local environment. The Anasazi, no longer able to grow crops to sustain their population, had to move on.
A multi-year field study, centered in Pueblo Bonito, has been launched in order to obtain new information on the economic conditions of the Bonito phase. The ultimate goal of this recent fieldwork is to obtain data that will enable researchers to examine the development of great house communities in respect to relationships between demographic change and economic productivity.
Taken on the Isle of Seil - Precisely on the lands of the Oban Seil Farm from the top of the hills. Magnificient view!!
Available on RedBubble.com/people/infotrontof
[Wikipedia] Seil has been linked to the Scottish mainland since 1792 when the Clachan Bridge was built by engineer Robert Mylne. Also known as the Bridge Over the Atlantic, the bridge is still used today and in early summer is covered in fairy foxgloves (Erinus alpinus).
The main settlement on Seil is former slate-mining village Ellenabeich, where parts of Ring of Bright Water were filmed. The Ellenabeich Heritage Centre which opened in 2000, is run by the Scottish Slate Islands Trust.
We went out mapping, or more precisely doing aerial photography, flying a digital camera under a nice big green balloon from the green of Goldsmiths University. The MA is Design at Goldsmiths has an option called “Design & Environment” supervised by Prof Jennifer Gabrys. It is a course that initiates students to alternatives design and environmental methods and pratices. This hands-on experiment was lead by Cesar Harada acting both as Goldsmiths tutor and Public Laboratory instructor. The mappers -who are also the authors of this post- were Anuja Uttamrao Borker, Inessa Demidova, Shan-Yu Hsu, Dk Hajah Hazwani Pg Dato Haji Jaberudin, Federica Sterpos, Chian-Yun Yang, Yifan Zhang, Elvira Grob.