The history of the Austrian Museum of Applied Arts/Contemporary Art

1863 / After many years of efforts by Rudolf Eitelberger decides Emperor Franz Joseph I on 7 March on the initiative of his uncle Archduke Rainer, following the model of the in 1852 founded South Kensington Museum (now the Victoria and Albert Museum, London), the establishment of the "k. k. Austrian Museum for Art and Industry" and apponted Rudolf von Eitelberger, the first professor of art history at the University of Vienna, to director. The museum should be serving as a specimen collection for artists, industrialists, and public and as a training and education center for designers and craftsmen.

1864/ on 12th of May, opened the museum - provisionally in premises of the ball house next to the Vienna Hofburg, the architect Heinrich von Ferstel for museum purposes had adapted. First exhibited objects are loans and donations from the imperial collections, monasteries, private property and from the kk polytechnic in Vienna. Reproductions, masters and plaster casts are standing value-neutral next originals.

1865-1897 / The Museum of Art and Industry publishes the journal Communications of Imperial (k. k.) Austrian Museum for Art and Industry .

1866 / Due to the lack of space in the ballroom setting up of an own museum building is accelerated. A first project of Rudolf von Eitelberger and Heinrich von Ferstel provides the integration of the museum in the project of imperial museums in front of the Hofburg Imperial Forum. Only after the failure of this project, the site of the former Exerzierfelds (parade ground) of the defense barracks before Stubentor the museum here is assigned, next to the newly created city park on the still being under development Rind Road.

1867 / Theoretical and practical training are combined with the establishment of the School of Applied Arts. This will initially be housed in the old gun factory, Währinger Straße 11-13/Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, Vienna 9.

1868 / With the construction of the building at Stubenring is started as soon as it is approved by Emperor Franz Joseph I. the second draft of Heinrich Ferstel.

1871 / The opening of the building at Stubering takes place after three years of construction, 15 November. Designed according to plans by Heinrich von Ferstel in the Renaissance style, it is the first built museum building on the ring. Objects from now on could be placed permanently and arranged according to main materials. / / The Arts School moves into the house on Stubenring. / / Opening of Austrian art and crafts exhibition.

1873 / Vienna World Exhibition. / / The Museum of Art and Industry and the Vienna School of Arts and Crafts are exhibiting together at Stubenring. / / Rudolf von Eitelberger organizes in the framework of the World Exhibition the worldwide first international art scientific congress in Vienna, thus emphasizing the orientation of the Museum on teaching and research. / / During the World Exhibition major purchases for the museum of funds of the Ministry are made, eg 60 pages of Indo-Persian Journal Mughal manuscript Hamzanama.

1877 / decision on the establishment of taxes for the award of Hoftiteln (court titels). With the collected amounts the local art industry can be promoted. / / The new building of the School of Applied Arts, adjoining the museum, Stubenring 3 , also designed by Heinrich von Ferstel, is opened.

1878 / participation of the Museum of Art and Industry and the School of Art at the Paris World Exhibition.

1884 / founding of the Vienna Arts and Crafts Association with seat in the museum. Many well-known companies and workshops (led by J. & L. Lobmeyr), personalities and professors of the arts and crafts school join the Arts and Crafts Association. Undertaking of this association is to further develop all creative and executive powers the arts and crafts since the 1860s has obtained. For this reason are organized various times changing, open to the public exhibitions at the Imperial Austrian Museum for Art and Industry. The exhibits can also be purchased. These new, generously carried out exhibitions give the club the necessary national and international resonance.

1885 / After the death of Rudolf von Eitelberger is Jacob von Falke, his longtime deputy, appointed manager. Falke plans all collection areas als well as publications to develop newly and systematically. With his popular publications he influences significantly the interior design style of the historicism in Vienna.

1888 / The Empress Maria Theresa exhibition revives the contemporary discussion with the high baroque in the history of art and in applied arts in particular.

1895 / end of the Directorate of Jacob von Falke. Bruno Bucher, longtime curator of the Museum of metal, ceramic and glass, and since 1885 deputy director, is appointed director.

1896 / The Vienna Congress exhibition launches the confrontation with the Empire and Biedermeier style, the sources of inspiration of Viennese Modernism .

1897 / end of the Directorate of Bruno Bucher. Arthur von Scala, Director of the Imperial Oriental Museum in Vienna since its founding in 1875 (renamed Imperial Austrian Trade Museum 1887), takes over the management of the Museum of Art and Industry. / / Scala wins Otto Wagner, Felician of Myrbach, Koloman Moser, Josef Hoffmann and Alfred Roller to work at the museum and school of applied arts. / / The style of the Secession is crucial for the Arts and Crafts School. Scala propagated the example of the Arts and Crafts Movement and makes appropriate acquisitions for the museum's collection.

1898 / Due to differences between Scala and the Arts and Crafts Association, which sees its influence on the Museum wane, Archduke Rainer puts down his function as protector. / / New statutes are written.

1898-1921 / The Museum magazine art and crafts replaces the Mittheilungen (Communications) and soon gaines international reputation.

1900 / The administration of Museum and Arts and Crafts School is disconnected.

1904 / The Exhibition of Old Vienna porcelain, the to this day most comprehensive presentation on this topic, brings with the by the Museum in 1867 definitely taken over estate of the " k. k. Aerarial Porcelain Manufactory" (Vienna Porcelain Manufactory) important pieces of collectors from all parts of the Habsburg monarchy together.

1907 / The Museum of Art and Industry takes over the majority of the inventories of the Imperial Austrian Trade Museum, including the by Arthur von Scala founded Asia collection and the extensive East Asian collection of Heinrich von Siebold .

1908 / Integration of the Museum of Art and Industry in the Imperial and Royal Ministry of Public Works.

1909 / separation of Museum and Arts and Crafts School, the latter remains subordinated to the Ministry of Culture and Education. / / After three years of construction, the according to plans of Ludwig Baumann extension building of the museum (now Weiskirchnerstraße 3, Wien 1) is opened. The museum receives thereby rooms for special and permanent exhibitions. / / Arthur von Scala retires, Eduard Leisching follows him as director. / / Revision of the statutes.

1909 / Archduke Carl exhibition. For the centenary of the Battle of Aspern. / / The Biedermeier style is discussed in exhibitions and art and crafts.

1914 / Exhibition of works by the Austrian art industry from 1850 to 1914, a competitive exhibition that highlights, among other things, the role model of the museum of arts and crafts in the fifty years of its existence.

1919 / After the founding of the First Republic it comes to assignments of former imperial possession to the museum, for example, of oriental carpets that are shown in an exhibition in 1920. The Museum now has one of the finest collections of oriental carpets worldwide .

1920 / As part of the reform of museums of the First Republic, the collection areas are delineated. The Antiquities Collection of the Museum of Art and Industry is given away to the Museum of Art History.

1922 / The exhibition of glasses of classicism, the Empire and Biedermeier time offers with precious objects from the museum and private collections an overview of the art of glassmaking from the former Austro-Hungarian Empire. / / Biedermeier glass serves as a model for contemporary glass production and designs, such as Josef Hoffmann.

1922 / affiliation of the museal inventory of the royal table and silver collection to the museum. Until the institutional separation the former imperial household and table decoration is co-managed by the Museum of Art and Industry and is inventoried for the first time by Richard Ernst.

1925 / After the end of the Directorate of Eduard Leisching Hermann Trenkwald is appointed director.

1926 / The exhibition Gothic in Austria gives a first comprehensive overview of the Austrian panel painting and of arts and crafts of the 12th to 16th Century.

1927 / August Schestag succeeds Hermann Trenkwald as director .

1930 / The Werkbund (artists' organization) Exhibition Vienna, A first comprehensive presentation of the Austrian Werkbund, takes place on the occasion of the meeting of the Deutscher Werkbund in Austria, it is organized by Josef Hoffmann in collaboration with Oskar Strnad, Josef Frank, Ernst Lichtblau and Clemens Holzmeister.

1931 / August Schestag finishes his Directorate .

1932 / Richard Ernst is the new director .

1936 and 1940 / In exchange with the Kunsthistorisches Museum (Museum of Art History), the museum at Stubenring gives away part of the sculptures and takes over craft inventories of the collection Albert Figdor and the Kunsthistorisches Museum.

1937 / The Collection of the Museum of Art and Industry is re-established by Richard Ernst according to periods. / / Oskar Kokoschka exhibition on the 50th birthday of the artist.

1938 / After the "Anschluss" of Austria by Nazi Germany, the museum was renamed "National Museum of Decorative Arts in Vienna".

1939-1945 / The museums are taking over numerous confiscated private collections. The collection of the "State Museum of Applied Arts in Vienna" is also enlarged in this way.

1945 / Partial destruction of the museum building by impact of war. / / War losses on collection objects, even in the places of rescue of objects.

1946 / The return of the outsourced objects of art begins. A portion of the during the Nazi time expropriated objects is returned in the following years.

1947 / The "State Museum of Applied Arts in Vienna" is renamed "Austrian Museum of Applied Arts".

1948 / The "Cathedral and Metropolitan Church of St. Stephen" organizes the exhibition The St. Stephen's Cathedral in the Museum of Applied Arts. History, monuments, reconstruction.

1949 / The Museum is reopened after repair of the war damages.

1950 / As last exhibition under director Richard Ernst takes place Great art from Austria's monasteries (Middle Ages).

1951 / Ignaz Schlosser is appointed manager.

1952 / The exhibition Social home decor, designed by Franz Schuster, makes the development of social housing in Vienna again the topic of the Museum of Applied Arts.

1955 / The comprehensive archive of the Wiener Werkstätte (workshop) is acquired.

1955-1985 / The Museum publishes the periodical ancient and modern art .

1956 / Exhibition New Form from Denmark, modern design from Scandinavia becomes topic of the museum and model.

1957 / On the occasion of the exhibition Venini Murano glass, the first presentation of Venini glass in Austria, there are significant purchases and donations for the collection of glass.

1958 / End of the Directorate Ignaz Schlosser

1959 / Viktor Griesmaier is appointed as the new director.

1960 / Exhibition Artistic creation and mass production of Gustavsberg, Sweden. Role model of Swedish design for the Austrian art and crafts.

1963 / For the first time in Europe, in the context of a comprehensive exhibition art treasures from Iran are shown.

1964 / The exhibition Vienna 1900 presents Crafts of Art Nouveau for the first time after the Second World War. / / It is started with the systematic processing of the archive of the Wiener Werkstätte. / / On the occasion of the founding anniversary grantes the exhibition 100 years Austrian Museum of Applied Arts using examples of historicism insights into the collection.

1965 / The Geymüllerschlössel is as a branch of the Museum angegliedert (annexed). Gleichzeitig (at the same time) with the building came the important collection of Franz Sobek - old Viennese clocks, emerged between 1760 and the second half of the 19th Century - and furniture from the years 1800 to 1840 in the possession of the MAK.

1966 / In the exhibition Selection 66 selected items of modern Austrian interior designers (male and female ones) are merged.

1967 / The Exhibition The Wiener Werkstätte. Modern Arts and Crafts from 1903 to 1932 is founding the boom that continues to today of Austria's most important design project in the 20th Century.

1968 / On Viktor Griesmaier follows Wilhelm Mrazek as director.

1969 / The exhibition Sitting 69 shows on the international modernism oriented positions of Austrian designers, inter alia by Hans Hollein.

1974 / For the first time outside of China Archaeological Finds of the People's Republic of China are shown in a traveling exhibition in the so-called Western world.

1979 / Gerhart Egger is appointed director .

1980 / The exhibition New Living. Viennese interior design 1918-1938 provides the first comprehensive presentation of the art space in Vienna during the interwar period.

1981 / Herbert Fux follows Gerhart Egger as Director.

1984 / Ludwig Neustift is appointed interim director. / / Exhibition Achille Castiglioni: Designer. First exhibition of the Italian designer in Austria

1986 / Peter NOEVER is appointed as Director and started building up the collection of contemporary art.

1987 / Josef Hoffmann. Ornament between hope and crime is the first comprehensive exhibition on the work of the architect and designer.

1989-1993 / General renovation of thee old buildings and construction of a two-storey underground storeroom and a connecting tract. A generous deposit for collection and additional exhibit spaces arise.

1989 / Exhibition Carlo Scarpa. The other city, the first comprehensive exhibition on the work of the architect outside Italy.

1990 / exhibition Hidden impressions. Japonisme in Vienna 1870-1930, first exhibition on the theme of the Japanese influence on the Viennese Modernism.

1991 / exhibition Donald Judd Architecture, first major presentation of the artist in Austria.

1992 / Magdalena Jetelová domestication of a pyramid (installation in the MAK portico).

1993 / The permanent collection is re-established, interventions of internationally recognized artists (Barbara Bloom, Eichinger oder Knechtl, Günther Förg, GANGART, Franz Graf, Jenny Holzer, Donald Judd, Peter Noever, Manfred Wakolbinger and Heimo Zobernig) update the prospects, in the sense of "Tradition and Experiment". The halls on Stubenring accommodate furthermore the study collection and the temporary exhibitions of contemporary artists reserved gallery. The building in the Weiskirchnerstraße is dedicated to changing exhibitions. / / The opening exhibition Vito Acconci. The City Inside Us shows a room installation by New York artist.

1994 / The Gefechtsturm (defence tower) Arenbergpark becomes branch of the MAK. / / Start of the cooperation MAK/MUAR - Schusev State Museum of Architecture Moscow. / / Ilya Kabakov: The Red Wagon (installation on the MAK terrace plateau).

1995 / The MAK founds the branch of MAK Center for Art and Architecture in Los Angeles, in the Schindler House and at the Mackey Apartments, MAK Artists and Architects-in-Residence Program starts in October 1995. / / Exhibition Sergei Bugaev Africa : Krimania.

1996 / For the exhibition Philip Johnson: Turning Point designs the American doyen of architectural designing the sculpture "Viennese Trio", which is located since 1998 at the Franz-Josefs-Kai/Schottenring.

1998 / The for the exhibition James Turrell. The other Horizon designed Skyspace today stands in the garden of MAK Expositur Geymüllerschlössel. / / Overcoming the utility. Dagobert Peche and the Wiener Werkstätte, the first comprehensive Personale of the work of the designer of Wiener Werkstätte after the Second World War.

1999 / Due to the Restitution Act and the Provenance Research from now on numerous during the Nazi time confiscated objects are returned .

2000 / Outsourcing the federal museums, transforming the museum into a "scientific institution under public law". / / The exhibition of art and industry. The beginnings of the Austrian Museum of Applied Arts in Vienna are dealing with the founding history of the house and the collection.

2001 / As part of the exhibition Franz West: No Mercy, for which the sculptor and installation artist developed his hitherto most extensive work the "Four lemurs heads " are placed at the Stubenbrücke located next to the MAK. / / Dennis Hopper: A System of Moments.

2001-2002 / The CAT Project - Contemporary Art Tower after New York, Los Angeles, Moscow and Berlin in Vienna is presented.

2002 / Exhibition Nodes. symmetrical-asymmetrical. The historic Oriental Carpets of the MAK presents the extensive rug collection.

2003 / Exhibition Zaha Hadid. Architecture. / / For the anniversary of the artist workshop, the exhibition The Price of Beauty. 100 years Wiener Werkstätte takes place. / / Richard Artschwager: The Hydraulic Door Check. Sculpture, painting, drawing.

2004 / James Turrell MAKlite is since November 2004 permanently on the facade of the building installed. / / Exhibition Peter Eisenmann. Barefoot on White-Hot Walls, large-scaled architectural installation on the work of the influential American architect and theorist.

2005 / Atelier Van Lieshout: The Disziplinatornbsp / / The exhibition Ukiyo-e Reloaded for the first time presents the collection of Japanese woodblock prints of the MAK in large scale.

2006 / Since the beginning of the year the birthplace of Josef Hoffmann in Brtnice of the Moravian Gallery in Brno and the MAK Vienna as a joint branch is run and presents special exhibitions annually. / / The exhibition The Price of Beauty. The Wiener Werkstätte and the Stoclet House brings the objects of the Wiener Werkstätte to Brussels. / / Exhibition Jenny Holzer: XX.

2007/2008 / Exhibition Coop Himmelb(l)au. Beyond the Blue, is the hitherto largest and most comprehensive museal presentation of the global team of architects .

2008 / The 1936 according to plans of Rudolph M. Schindler built Fitzpatrick-Leland House, a generous gift from Russ Leland to the MAK Center LA, becomes using a promotion that granted the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the U.S. Department the MAK Center, the center of the MAK UFI project - MAK Urban Future Initiative. / / Julian Opie: Recent Works / / The exhibition Recollecting. Looting and Restitution examines the status of efforts to restitute expropriated objects from Jewish property of museums in Vienna.

2009 / The permanent exhibition Josef Hoffmann: Inspiration is in the Josef Hoffmann Museum, Brtnice opened. / / Exhibition Anish Kapoor. Shooting into the Corner / / The museum sees itself as a promoter of Cultural Interchange and discusses in the exhibition Global:lab Art as a message. Asia and Europe 1500-1700 the intercultural as well as the intercontinental cultural exchange based on objects from the MAK and from international collections.

2011 / After Peter Noevers resignation Martina Kandeler-Fritsch takes over temporarily the management. / / Since 1 September Christoph Thun-Hohenstein is director of the MAK.

www.mak.at/das_mak/geschichte

Practical Householder magazine, August 1957; the little lady is laying the table, while the man of the house has his tool-box out and is doing something useful....

Clock designed and built by Rick Hale after reading Clayton's "Practical Guide to Wooden Wheeled Clock Design" available at www.lisaboyer.com

Woodworking plans available at www.lisaboyer.com

Collage for possible xmas card this year. My face looks very pale though. I need a few more mince pies and hot toddies obviously.

YL Beauty School

Jens Pedersen, Architect

Jens Pedersen, Architect

A while back we checked our schedules and realized that in practical terms, the only time during Disneyland's "Halloweentime" that the two of us would be free enough to go to the park for a day would be this week. So Victoria and I played hooky today and went off to Disneyland early in the morning.

I've probably shot something on the order of 5-10k shots in the park in the last 3 years, and although I've gotten better and my gear has gotten more advanced, it does wind up being a lot of repeats. It's definitely gotten to the point that an excursion to Disneyland is often an excuse to pack lighter than normal and to work with lenses and/or settings that I wouldn't ordinarily. This morning while packing for the day I asked, "Hey, what lens should I bring?" and she said without hesitation, "Grab the Lensbaby." Since that was already sort of what I was thinking, it seemed like the obvious correct answer.

So I spent pretty much the whole day with just the Lensbaby and the .6x (~30mm) adaptor (the normal ~55mm focal length is a little too tight for the park in my opinion.) It was definitely good practice, and I pulled off some shots that I don't think I would have ordinarily have attempted. I'm particularly fond of this and a couple others like it that I may post eventually. Not only is it perhaps my favorite lensbaby portrait to date, but one of my more successful experiments with open shade.

Doesn't hurt that she got a little fancied up, of course.

Photo by Practical Hacks. Read the Practical Hacks review of the Aeronaut: www.practicalhacks.com/2009/04/13/first-take-tom-bihn-aer...

Photo by Practical Hacks. Read the Practical Hacks review of the Aeronaut: www.practicalhacks.com/2009/04/13/first-take-tom-bihn-aer...

practic.

blogged: www.psiquilt.com/2013/08/practical-bag.html

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"La senzillesa de la forma no implica la simplicitat de la seva experiència."

Revival Source

Kleinwalsertal is a part of Mittelberg in the Austrian province of Vorarlberg.

It is part of the Bregenz district and due to the geographic location in the Allgäu Alps with its alpine terrain, the Kleinwalsertal has no direct traffic connection to the rest of Vorarlberg. It is accessible only via Oberstdorf, Germany, to the north, and thus is an Austrian "practical exclave" or "pene-exclave". Prior to Austria joining the European Union, the area had tax-free status.

The local football club, SV Kleinwalsertal, has the distinction of being one of only a few clubs in Central Europe that play in a local league based outside of the club's country. They play in the 10th tier A-Klasse Allgäu 4 in 2016–17.

The name of the valley derives from the Walsers who moved there from the Valais (German: Wallis) in the 13th century (see also "Großwalsertal").

The Kleinwalsertal is a high valley in the Allgäu Alps and is located in the east of Vorarlberg. The Breitach river runs through the entire valley and is fed by a few side streams, which come from the side valleys of the Kleinwalsertal.

The Kleinwalsertal is almost completely surrounded by high mountains. These are part of the Allgäu Alps, which are part of the northern eastern Alps. Its highest elevation is the Großer Widderstein at 2,533 metres (8,310 ft). The Kleinwalsertal is cut off from the rest of Austria. A traffic connection exists only to the Bavarian town of Oberstdorf.

The Kleinwalsertal was populated by the Walsers in 1270, a group of people who migrated from Switzerland. This Alemannic origin still distinguishes the inhabitants from the inhabitants of the surrounding communities by their dialect.

From 1891, the Kleinwalsertal enjoyed a customs union with Germany, a free border, and used the German Marks as currency. Since Austria joined the European Union in 1995, followed by the signing of the Schengen Agreement (1997) and the introduction of the Euro (2002), this special status has no longer applied.

By the time of EU accession goods from Austria had to be cleared in Germany or the import turnover tax had to be paid while German goods were free of taxes. Taxes were to be paid to the Austrian tax office in D-Mark until the introduction of the Euro. A special tariff was also applied to Swiss Post. Shipments to Austria were calculated according to the domestic tariffs of Austrian Post, those to Germany were to be freed with domestic porti of the Federal Post.

The most important industry in the last century was agriculture, which currently has only a marginal importance. Now tourism plays the major role and as early as 1960 the number of overnight stays reached a million. In 2015, there were 792,026 overnight stays in summer and 816,240 in winter of 2015/2016.

The hiking and excursion tourism - especially of families with small children and seniors - is very pronounced. The choice of easy walks and moderately difficult hiking trails is correspondingly wide and well signposted. Mobility in the valley is ensured with the tightly driven Walserbus, which is free of charge to tourists paying the tourist tax via ownership of the Walsercard.

The good transport connections to the north also helped to strengthen tourism. So you only need about two and a half hours for the Stuttgart-Kleinwalsertal route.

In Central Europe, the region is known as a ski and hiking resort. The 5,000 inhabitants, who are called "Walser", can provide up to 10,300 beds for tourists.

In the summer, the guests usually come for mountain hiking. There are also two very popular climbing routes (Mindelheimer Klettersteig and Zweienland Klettersteig) on the border to the neighbouring commune area of Oberstdorf, which are mostly accessed via the Kleinwalsertal because of the shorter route and easier accessibility.

The conditions for mountaineering on the Hohen Ifen and the Bärenköpfle are very good. However, it is severely restricted or completely forbidden for hunting reasons.

(Wikipedia)

Das Kleinwalsertal (auch: Kleines Walsertal | walserdeutsch nur Walsertal) liegt in den Allgäuer Alpen und gehört zum österreichischen Bundesland Vorarlberg. Das Hochtal liegt im Gemeindegebiet von Mittelberg und ist Teil des Bezirks Bregenz. Aufgrund der geographischen Lage mit seiner alpinen Geländestruktur hat das Kleinwalsertal keine direkte Verkehrsverbindung zum übrigen Vorarlberger Land. Das Tal ist nur von der Nachbargemeinde Oberstdorf in Bayern auf einer Straße zu erreichen. Für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland handelt es sich damit um eine sogenannte funktionale Enklave (vgl. auch Jungholz).

Der Name des Tals kommt von den Walsern, die im 13. Jahrhundert aus dem Wallis hierher zogen (siehe auch Großwalsertal). Auch wenn die einzige Straßenverbindung über Oberstdorf führt, gehört das Kleinwalsertal nicht zum Allgäu.

Das Kleinwalsertal ist ein hochgelegenes Kerbtal im Osten von Vorarlberg. Es ist umgeben von den Nordwestlichen und Südöstlichen Walsertaler Bergen die im Osten und Südosten an die Allgäuer und Lechtaler Alpen, im Süden an den Tannberg und im Westen an den Bregenzerwald grenzen. Nach Norden hin öffnet sich das Alpenvorland. Die Breitach zieht sich durch das gesamte Tal und wird von einigen Seitenbächen gespeist, die aus den Seitentälern des Kleinwalsertals stammen.

Das Kleinwalsertal wird fast vollständig von hohen Bergen umschlossen. Von ihnen wird das Kleinwalsertal gegenüber dem übrigen Staatsgebiet Österreichs abgeschnitten. Deren höchste Erhebung ist der Große Widderstein (2536 m). Eine Verkehrsverbindung besteht lediglich zum auf bayerischer Seite liegenden Oberstdorf (Enklave). Aus dieser geographischen Sonderstellung ergaben und ergeben sich eine Reihe von Besonderheiten, siehe Geschichte und Wirtschaft.

Weitere Berge sind der Elferkopf (2387 m), der Hohe Ifen (2230 m), die Kanzelwand (2058 m), das Fellhorn (2038 m) und das Walmendinger Horn (1990 m) – siehe Nordwestliche und Südöstlichen Walsertaler Berge.

Im Kleinwalsertal treffen vier geologische Einheiten aufeinander. Das Helvetikum mit dem verkarsteten Schrattenkalk (Ifen, Gottesackerplateau), der Rhenodanubische oder Vorarlberger Flysch (Walmendingerhorn, Heuberg, Güntlispitze, Fellhorn) und die schroffen Felsen des Ostalpin (Nördliche Kalkalpen) aus Hauptdolomit (die Walser Kerle: Widderstein, Elfer, Schafalpköpfe, Kanzelwand). Die Arosazone bildet einen schmalen lückenhaften Gürtel zwischen Flysch und Ostalpin. Sie enthält die größte Vielfalt an Gesteinen und zieht sich vom Üntschenjoch, dem Bärenkopf entlang quer durchs Gemstel- und Wildental bis unter die Kanzelwand. Aber auch Lias-Gesteine am Elfer und Gesteine der Ultrahelvetikum-Mélange, in der Umgebung Mittelalp finden sich im Kleinwalsertal.

Die europäische Hauptwasserscheide zwischen Rhein/Nordsee und Donau/Schwarzem Meer verläuft über das Gottesackerplateau und den Hohen Ifen zum Gerachsattel und weiter zum Hochalppass beim Widderstein.

Das Kleinwalsertal wurde im Jahre 1270 von den Walsern besiedelt, einer Volksgruppe, die aus dem deutschsprachigen Oberwallis in der Schweiz zuwanderte. Diese alemannische Herkunft unterscheidet die Bewohner sprachlich noch heute von den Bewohnern der umliegenden Gemeinden. Ihr Dialekt wird dem Höchstalemannischen zugeordnet, während man im Allgäu einen niederalemannischen Dialekt und im restlichen Vorarlberg einen hochalemannischen Dialekt (Vorarlbergerisch) spricht.

Das Tal ist heute Österreichs drittgrößtes Tourismusziel. Der jahrhundertelang bedeutendste Wirtschaftszweig war die Landwirtschaft, die aktuell nur mehr eine marginale Bedeutung hat. Schon 1960 erreichte die Nächtigungszahl erstmals eine Million. Im Tourismusjahr 2001/02 gab es insgesamt 1.678.180 Übernachtungen bei einer Kapazität von 12.000 Betten.

Der Wander- und Ausflugstourismus – vor allem auch von Familien mit kleineren Kindern und Senioren – ist sehr ausgeprägt. Die Auswahl an einfachen Spazierwegen und mäßig schwierigen Wanderpfaden ist entsprechend breit und gut ausgeschildert. Mit dem eng getaktet fahrenden Walserbus, der den Kurtaxe zahlenden Touristen als Inhabern der Walsercard kostenlos zur Verfügung steht, ist die Mobilität im Tal ohne PKW gewährleistet.

Zur starken Ausprägung des Tourismus verhalf auch die gute Verkehrsanbindung nach Norden. So benötigt man für die Strecke Stuttgart–Kleinwalsertal nur etwa zweieinhalb Stunden.

Im Jahr 2003 gab es am Ort 243 Gewerbebetriebe mit 1573 Beschäftigten und 144 Lehrlingen; lohnsteuerpflichtige Erwerbstätige waren 2518 Personen.

Der Tourismus ist der wichtigste Wirtschaftsfaktor im Tal, wobei der Sommertourismus etwa gleich ausgeprägt ist wie der im Winter.

Im Tourismusjahr 2017/2018 (November 2017 bis Oktober 2018) erzielte das Kleinwalsertal über 1,7 Mio. Nächtigungen (+4,9 % im Vergleich zum Vorjahr 2016/2017). Es kamen rund 355.000 Gäste ins Kleinwalsertal (10.038 Gästebetten in der Sommersaison 2018).

Die Übernachtungszahlen betrugen im Winter 2018/19 828.180 (−1,5 % im Vergleich zum Vorjahr 2017/18) gegenüber 927.543 (+3 % im Vergleich zum Vorjahr 2017) in der Sommersaison 2018.

Im Sommer kommen die Gäste meist zum Wandern und Bergwandern. Die Wanderwege erstrecken sich über drei Höhenlagen zwischen 1.086 und 2.536 m. Das Wegenetz besteht aus 185 km naturbelassenen, markierten Wanderwegen. Sie werden von 40 Hütten, Sennalpen und Bergrestaurant flankiert. Das Kleinwalsertal ist auch Start- oder Zielpunkt des „Grossen Walserwegs“ von Zermatt ins Kleinwalsertal oder eben umgekehrt. Im Sommer sind 8 Lifte in Oberstdorf für einen erleichterten Auf- und Abstieg geöffnet.

Das Kleinwalsertal ist zudem Veranstaltungsort für Trailrunning Wettkämpfe und Trainingcamps.Drei verschiedene Höhenlagen zwischen 1.100 und 2.500 m erlauben ein Training der verschiedenen Höhen- und Bodenverhältnisse. Die Trails sind zudem in mehrere Schwierigkeitsgrade eingeteilt und ermöglicht so eine Anpassung an das eigene Leistungsniveau. Das nächste Trainingscamp "die Trampelpfadtage" für Anfänger und Fortgeschrittene findet Corona-bedingt vom 16. September – 19. September 2021 statt.

Relativ neu hinzugekommen sind zahlreiche Biketouren und -Trails. Vor allem eMountain-Bikes werden gerne von den Besuchern dazu benutzt etwas höher hinaufzufahren. Die Radtouren wurden von der Gemeinde entlang aussichtsreicher oder historischer Strecken errichtet. Typisch für das Kleinwalsertal ist die Route "kleiner Grenzverkehr" über die deutsch-österreichische Grenze. Diese Route führt über einen Panoramaweg nach Oberstdorf und entlang der Breitach zurück ins Kleinwalsertal.

In der Region gibt es zudem beliebte Klettersteige – der Mindelheimer Klettersteig (B–C) führt über die Schafalpköpfe im Wildental. 2007 wurde von der Bergschule Kleinwalsertal an der Kanzelwand der sportlich anspruchsvolle 2-Länder-Sportklettersteig (C–D) und der Walsersteig, der Erlebnissteig für Einsteiger (B), errichtet. Die Bedingungen für das Sportklettern am Hohen Ifen und am Bärenköpfle zählen zu den besten der Alpen. Es ist jedoch aus jagdlichen Gründen stark eingeschränkt oder ganz verboten. Diese Einschränkungen wurden besonders angesichts der umfangreichen Erschließungen der näheren Umgebung von Bergsteigerverbänden als unangebracht und fachlich nicht fundiert kritisiert. So schrieb die Zeitschrift Alpin, dass „[…] sich ein solches Sperrgebiet gut ins Gesamtkonzept des Kleinwalsertales einfügt: Harter und lauter Tourismus mit großem wirtschaftlichen Nutzen dort und eine Ruhezone hier, wo eben nichts zu holen ist“. Von Seiten der Jagdaufsicht wird hingegen die Notwendigkeit einer Ruhezone für das Wild in dem ganzjährig stark touristisch genutzten Tal betont.

(Wikipedia)

Roundtable Event on Partnerships in Global Cancer Care. Practical Arrangements Signing Ceremony between the International Atomic Energy Agency signed by Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi, and the 11 partner groups in the area of radiation oncology, imaging, and medical physics held at the Agency headquarters in Vienna, Austria. 6 December 2022

The IAEA works in partnership with professional societies to support radiation medicine activities in the Member States and to bring together resources and partners that will help countries to establish or scale up radiation medicine programmes. The new Practical Arrangements will support many IAEA research and education activities, and the Rays of Hope initiative.

Photo Credit: Dean Calma / IAEA

Professional Societies:

Mr. Daniel Bourland, President, the American Association of Physicists in Medicine

AAPM

Mr. Marcos Santos, President, Ibero Latin American Radiation Oncology Association

ALATRO

Mr. Sami Khatib, President, Arab Medical Association Against Cancer

AMAAC

Ms. Rose Anorlu, President, African Organisation for Research and Training in Cancer

AORTIC

Ms. Geraldine Jacobsen, Chair of the Board of Governors, American Society for Radiation Oncology

ASTRO

Ms. Jolie Ringash, President, Canadian Association of Radiation Oncology

CARO

Ms. Chiara Gasparotto, Deputy CEO, of the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology

ESTRO

Mr. Shyam Shrivastava, Past-President, of the Federation of Asian Organizations for Radiation Oncology

FARO

MsNina Wendling, Executive Director, International Cancer Expert Corps

ICEC

Mr. Keen Hun Tai, Vice-President, Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists

RANZCR

Ms. Katharine Halliday, President, Royal College of Radiologists

RCR

IAEA:

Rafael Mariano Grossi, IAEA Director-General

Hua Liu, IAEA Deputy Director-General and Head of the Department of Technical Cooperation

May Abdel-Wahab, IAEA Director, Division of Human Health, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications (Moderator)

Practical Guide book available at www.lisaboyer.com. Learn to build your own original clock!

Practical Motorist March 1957

Jens Pedersen, Architect

From Needlecraft, June 1915

Luis Carlos Longoria Gandara, IAEA Director, Division for Latin America and the Caribbean, Department of Technical Cooperation and Kevin Allen, Chief Executive Officer, University Hospital of the West Indies (UWI) Mona, Jamaica, sign the Practical Arrangements between the International Atomic Energy Agency and the UWI on Cooperation in the Area of Education and Training in Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Applications at the Agency headquarters in Vienna, Austria. 31 May 2018.

Photo Credit: Dean Calma / IAEA

Public Domain Book: Vaught's practical character reader

by L. A. Vaught ...

Published 1902 by L. A. Vaught in Chicago .

Written in English.

openlibrary.org/works/OL15970164W/Vaught's_practical_char...

Woodworking plans available at www.lisaboyer.com

The Flickr Lounge-Start With The Letter P

I learned this little trick when using parchment paper. I crumble it up really good and lay it into the pan. This is so much easier than trying to put an uncrumpled sheet into a baking pan. This works so good. Then cut off the excess and bake.

from my collection.

Sir Peter Fahy hears about cadet training.

Today, April 15 2014, saw the passing out parade of Bolton’s first volunteer police cadets. The ceremony took place at Bolton Town Hall with guests including Sir Peter Fahy, the Chief Constable of Greater Manchester Police, Police and Crime Commissioner Tony Lloyd, Deputy Police and Crime Commissioner Jim Battle, Chief Superintendent Shaun Donnellan - Bolton’s police commander and Cllr Colin Shaw and his wife, Dee, the Mayor and Mayoress of Bolton.

In 2012, Sir Peter Fahy pledged to create a new Volunteer Police Cadet Scheme for young people in the region.

The scheme, developed by Sergeant Jane Butler and Youth Strategy Officer PC Andrew Marsden, is aimed at 13- 17 year-olds and provides a programme of weekly Cadet nights filled with activity, information and – hopefully – some fun.

The aims of the scheme include:

•Promoting and encouraging a practical interest in policing among young people,

•Providing training which will encourage positive leadership within communities which will include volunteering opportunities,

•Encouraging a spirit of adventure and developing qualities of leadership and good citizenship. Cadets will be given the opportunity to obtain a Duke of Edinburgh Award, First Aid qualification etc.

Cadets units will be based in areas where there is currently little to occupy local youngsters.

Volunteers will have to apply, stating their reasons for wanting to be part of the scheme and will be encouraged to remain with the scheme for as long as they can. On reaching the end of their time as a cadet, they will be given with advice on careers and business, help with CVs and information about any opportunities to remain with the Force.

The first cadet scheme has been developed with the support of the Co-op Academy, Blackley.

Cadets are currently completing a "probationary" period and have so far experienced drill, physical exercise classes and advice on subjects such as the effective and safe use of social media.

Further items on the curriculum are lessons on the law, public order awareness, phonetics and radio use, problem solving … and more drill!

A uniform will be worn but only issued on completion of a successful probationary period.

The scheme's team leaders are also volunteers and include schools based officers, PCSO's, special constables and university students, all contributing their own time to run each cadet night.

To build number of successful schemes across the region we are looking for help. Anyone interested in becoming a volunteer team leader and can demonstrate a commitment and desire to "change hearts and minds" can contact Sergeant Jane Butler at volunteerpolicecadets@gmp.police.uk.

To find out more about Greater Manchester Police please visit our website.

www.gmp.police.uk

You should call 101, the new national non-emergency number, to report crime and other concerns that do not require an emergency response.

Always call 999 in an emergency, such as when a crime is in progress, violence is being used or threatened or where there is danger to life.

You can also call anonymously with information about crime to Crimestoppers on 0800 555 111. Crimestoppers is an independent charity who will not want your name, just your information. Your call will not be traced or recorded and you do not have to go to court or gi

Cornel Feruta, IAEA Acting Director General and H.E. Dato Lim Jock Hoi, Secretary General, sign a Practical Arrangements document between the IAEA and ASEAN in the Area of Nuclear Installation Safety held at the Agency headquarters in Vienna, Austria on 16 September 2019

Photo Credit: Dean Calma / IAEA

ASEANTOM representatives

Mr Tutiaty Abdul Wahab, Deputy Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Energy, Manpower and Industry, Brunei Darussalam

Mr Chhuon Sambathratanak, Director of Ministry of Mine and Energy, Cambodia

Datuk Hamrah Bin Mohd Ali, Director-General of Atomic Energy Licensing Board, Malaysia

HE Mr. San Lwin, Resident Representative to the IAEA, Myanmar

Mr Syed Noureddin Bin Syed Hassim, Singapore’s Deputy Resident Representative to the IAEA, Singapore

Dr Carlo A. Arcilla, Director of Philippines Nuclear Research Institute, Philippines

Ms Suchin Udomsomporn, Director, Division of Strategy and Planning, Office of Atoms for Peace, Thailand

Prof Dr Nguyen Tuan Khai, Director General of Vietnam Agency for Radiation and Nuclear Safety, Vietnam

ASEAN Vienna Committee representatives

HE Ms Masurai Masri, Resident Representative to the IAEA, Brunei Darussalam

HE Dato’ Ganeson Sivagurunathan, Resident Representative to the IAEA, Malaysia

HE Ms Maria Cleofe Rayos Natividad, Resident Representative to the IAEA, Philippines

HE Ms Morakot Sriswasdi, Resident Representative to the IAEA, Thailand

HE Mr Le Dung, Resident Representative to the IAEA, Viet Nam

IAEA and the Forum of Nuclear Safety and Security Authorities in G5 Sahel and Senegal (FASSN) sign a Practical Arrangement (PA) to strengthen nuclear security in the Sahel region. Mr Juan Carlos Lentijo, Deputy Director General of the Department of Nuclear Safety and Security, signed the PA on behalf of the IAEA; and Mr Ishagh Mohamed Moussa, President of FASSN and Director General of Mauritania National Authority of Radiation, Safety and Nuclear Security, signed on behalf of the FASSN. IAEA, Vienna, Austria. 18 February 2021

Photo Credit: Dean Calma / IAEA

FASSN:

Mr. Ishagh Mohamed Moussa, president of the Forum of Authorities in charge of the Nuclear Safety and Security of the countries of the G5Sahel and Senegal (FASSN) and President of the National Authority of Radiation Protection , Safety and Nuclear Security (ARSN), Mauritania.

Mr. Deida Ahmed Bezeid, Advisor Executive Secretary of ARSN, Mauritania and Permanent Secretary of the FASSN.

Prof Faye Arame Boye, Director General of the Senegalese Authority of Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety (ARSN), Senegal

Prof Martial Zoungrana, National Director of the National Authority of Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety (ARSN) , Burkina Faso

Dr Kone Nagantié, Director General of the Malian Agency of Radioprotection (AMARAP), Mali

Mr. Yahaya Abdou Salam from Niger, Responsible of Nuclear Security Department at Niger’s High Authority for Atomic Energy (HANEA), Niger

Mr Mignede Modingam, Director General of Chadian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ATRSN), Chad.

IAEA:

Juan Carlos Lentijo, IAEA Deputy Director General and Head of the Department of Nuclear Safety and Security

Elena Buglova, IAEA Director, Division of Nuclear Security, Department of Nuclear Safety and Security

Scott Purvis, IAEA Section Head, (Information Management Section), Division of Nuclear Security, Department of Nuclear Safety and Security

Zephirin Athanase Ouedraogo, Nuclear Security Officer, Division of Nuclear Security

Inna Pletukhina, IAEA Outreach Officer, Division of Nuclear Security

Brunelle Battistella, Nuclear Security Officer (INSSP), Division of Nuclear Security

Flor Alicia Reyes Zuniga, Team Assistant, Division of Nuclear Security

Tatjana Antiseva, Executive Assistant, Division of Nuclear Security

20180909 Singapore Grand Prix 2018 Recovery Training (practical). Final training session to prepare for the F1 weekend in Singapore - Marina Bay Street Circuit. (Photo by Ben Cho)

Jens Pedersen, Architect

Our famous hand washing station! Isn't it cute!

Public Domain Book: Practical instructions in enamel painting on glass, china, tiles, etc

to which is added full instructions for the manufacture of the vitreous pigments required, with twelve pages of instructions

by Henry James Snell

Published 1874 by Brodie & Middleton, Simpkin, Marshall in London .

Written in English.

openlibrary.org/books/OL25070189M/Practical_instructions_...

Curated by: www.elusivemu.se

The over-sized scarf prevents leering at the chest, the low-hanging bag prevents ogling of the backside. SMART. What came first? The need to protect and conceal or esthetics?

AT SEA (Sept. 3, 2018) - A team of Philippine Coast Guardsmen ride a Rigid Hulled Inflatable Boat during Visit, Board, Search, and Seizure practical scenario training as part of Southeast Asia Cooperation and Training (SEACAT) 2018. This is the 17th annual SEACAT exercise and includes participants from the U.S., Brunei, Bangladesh, Thailand, Philippines, Singapore, Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia. (U.S. photo by Mass Communication Specialist 1st Class Micah Blechner) 180903-N-QV906-0023

** Interested in following U.S. Indo-Pacific Command? Engage and connect with us at www.facebook.com/indopacom | twitter.com/PacificCommand |

www.instagram.com/indopacom | www.flickr.com/photos/us-pacific-command; | www.youtube.com/user/USPacificCommand | www.pacom.mil/ **

The woolbroking firm, Winchcombe, Carson & Co, was a stock and station agent; wool broking firm founded in March 1889 by Frederick Earle Winchcombe, Duncan Carson, C L Wallis, and E J Turton. In September 1899 the firm was incorporated in New South Wales as Winchcombe, Carson & Co Ltd and changed its name to Winchcombe, Carson Ltd in 1910. The company was taken over by Industrial Equity Limited on the 27th of February 1980.

According to documents from Trove (trove.nla.gov.au) on the 13th of Dec 1929, the Longreach Leader newspaper reported:

WINCHCOMBE, CARSON, LTD., LONGREACH.

Forty years ago when the four ambitious young men launched out in the wool selling arena, their thoughts probably never carried the idea that their enterprise would develop Into Winchcombe, Carson's huge organisation of today. Such results in Australian commercial life should certainly be an inspiration to the young men of the community. Naturally, the business was started for the purpose of earning a living for its promoters. But rapacious monetary gain has never been the firm's goal. Service has been the watchword and adherence to that object has, in turn, produced the expanding business seen.

Frederick Earle Winchcombe (1855 - 1917):

Frederick Earle Winchcombe, woolbroker and politician, was born on 26 April 1855 at Brunswick, Melbourne, second son of John Phillimore Winchcombe, a quarryman from Wales, and his English wife Julia Sophia, née Earle. In the 1860s the family moved to the Young and Yass districts of New South Wales. Educated at Christ Church St Laurence School, Sydney, Frederick joined the woolbroking firm of Mort & Co. and gradually became a wool expert and auctioneer. In his youth he played cricket for South Sydney club. At Christ Church St Laurence he married Annie Amelia Henson (d.1952) on 25 September 1878.

After Mort's firm amalgamated with R. Goldsbrough & Co. Ltd, Winchcombe resigned in 1888 and next year joined Duncan Carson, C. L. Wallis and E. J. Turton to form Winchcombe, Carson & Co., woolbrokers, stock and station agents; he was its chairman. In September 1899 the firm was incorporated with a nominal capital of £150,000. Winchcombe, Carson & Co. Ltd became Winchcombe, Carson Ltd in 1910. Its large woolstores in Wattle Street, Pyrmont, begun in 1893-94, made effective use of the local terrain for easy handling; Winchcombe, Carson's turnaround of 86,000 bales in 1905 was claimed as an Australasian record; it soon became one of the best-known pastoral firms in eastern Australia with over thirty branches in New South Wales and twenty-five in Queensland.

A lean man of middle height whose close-cut hair emphasized the triangular shape of his face, Winchcombe was prominent in the public and business world of Sydney. He was a commissioner for the 1893 Chicago exhibition, an executive member of the Patriotic Fund for the South African War and an active vice-president of the Royal Agricultural Society of New South Wales. Three times president of the Sydney Chamber of Commerce (1907-08, 1909-10, 1914-15), he was a director of the Australian Mutual Provident Society, Atlas Assurance Co. Ltd and James Martin & Co. Ltd, and chairman of Ruthven Ltd, a Queensland pastoral company.

Winchcombe represented Ashfield in the Legislative Assembly from November 1900, but resigned in August 1905 due to business pressures. On his return from Europe, he was nominated to the Legislative Council on 24 September 1907 and was a member of the Board of Health (1907-10). In parliament he generally adopted a conservative stance on industrial and rural issues, but he agreed in principle with women's franchise, closer settlement and the eight-hour day, and supported the wages board system for dealing with industrial disputes. He strongly opposed the fair rents bill (1913) and the Workmen's Compensation Act (1916), arguing instead for a 'national insurance scheme' to which employees would contribute.

A councillor of the Liberal and Reform (later National) Association, Winchcombe outlined his political views in a series of articles in the Brisbane Monthly Record which were republished under the title As it Strikes Me (1916). Maintaining that there were no 'classes' in Australia, he attacked labour's 'go slow policy' and the tactics of the Industrial Workers of the World; he praised the qualities of the Australian bushman and advocated better worker and technical education, 'bonus-giving' and easier access to the land; he urged employers to study workers' literature and to look at industrial questions from the workers' point of view.

A sincere Christian, Winchcombe was a parishioner of St Mark's, Darling Point, and a member of the Christ Church Improvement Association. Although neither 'a temperance reformer nor a total abstainer', he favoured early closing in 1915 as a necessary act of self-denial during 'the stress of a great and serious war'. He organized the Chamber of Commerce War Food fund, helped to establish the State Wool Committee, and was a foundation member of the Universal Service League, trustee of the Regimental Comforts Fund and vice-president of the Soldiers' Club.

In 1917 he went to England to visit his two sons on active service with the Australian Imperial Force. On his way back to Australia, the Mongolia struck a mine and sank in the Indian Ocean: Winchcombe was among those rescued, but died of pneumonia on 29 June 1917 in the military hospital at Bombay and was buried in Sewri cemetery. He left an estate valued at £56 109. His wife, two of their four sons and two daughters survived him. His youngest son Kenneth joined the firm in 1907, becoming a director in 1926; his daughter Edyth married (Sir) Thomas Bavin.

Duncan Carson (1860 - 1931):

Duncan Carson, woolbroker and pastoralist, was born on 8 November 1860 at Clutha, Kew, Victoria, youngest son of John Carson (d.1902) of Glasgow and his wife Elizabeth, née Duncan, who had both arrived in Melbourne in the Robert Benn in 1842. Educated at Scotch College, Melbourne, he went in 1876 with his family to Britain via the United States of America and the Philadelphia International Exhibition. His father, a prominent Melbourne horticulturist, set him to study horticulture and botany under Sir Joseph Hooker until November 1878 when the family returned to Melbourne. In 1879 he went as a botanist on the brief Pacific cruise of H.M.S. Wolverine. After a short period in the office of William Sloane & Co. in Sydney, Carson turned his attention to wool. With an introduction from A. van Rompaey, he went to Europe in March 1881 to study the trade, mostly at Verviers, Belgium, but also at Bradford, England, and in France.

On his return to Australia, Carson acted as buyer and valuer for his brother William during the wool season and spent the rest of the year acquiring station experience, sometimes on his father's property, Goangra, Walgett, acquired in 1883. His practical experience in the industry was wide: long droving-trips in New South Wales and Queensland, sheep-classing in the Riverina and Victoria, and sheep-judging at many country shows. In 1888 he started a commission agency in Brisbane in partnership with J. H. Geddes, but soon sold out. After acting as wool expert for J. H. Geddes & Co. in Sydney, he joined a partnership with F. E. Winchcombe, C. L. Wallis and E. J. Turton in March 1889 to found the woolbrokers, Winchcombe & Co. [Ltd]. In 1899 the firm (styled Winchcombe Carson Ltd from 1910) was incorporated in New South Wales. Carson's wide and expert knowledge of the trade soon made it one of the largest of its kind in the southern hemisphere. In 1917 he became its chairman and succeeded Winchcombe on the State Wool Committee, helping to direct the British-Australian wartime wool purchase scheme.

Carson was a director of the Australian Bank of Commerce and the New South Wales Land and Agency Co. Ltd. At first in partnership with Alfred Brown, he owned Bomera station on the Liverpool Plains and was chairman of the Rockwood Pastoral Co. in Queensland. Associated with almost every movement to benefit the pastoral industry, he was a council-member of the Sydney Chamber of Commerce, the Graziers' Association and the Royal Agricultural Society, acting president of the New South Wales Sheepbreeders' Association and an active worker for the Sydney Sheep Show. He took a keen interest in pasture improvement and maintained his early interest in botany and horticulture. A member of the local Linnean Society from 1890, he accompanied a German botanist on an expedition to North Queensland in 1900, hybridized the early flowering peach known originally as 'Carson's Peach', and had one of the finest collections of orchids in Australia. He also travelled widely to Japan, China, the East Indies and South America, as well as Africa where he shot big game.

Rather short and stocky, friendly and generous, Carson devoted the same energy and enthusiasm to all his interests whether business, family, or the activities of the Highland Society of New South Wales of which he was president from 1923. On 10 June 1891 at Randwick he had married Constance Haidee (d.1932), daughter of Robert Richards of Sydney; they formally separated in 1925. He was extremely fond of children. Three sons served in World War I, and the loss at Gallipoli of Ronald, who had also learned the trade in Belgium, was a great blow.

Survived by his wife, four sons and three daughters, Carson died of cerebro-vascular disease on 6 January 1931 at his residence Weeroona, Wahroonga, and was cremated after a Presbyterian service. Two sons settled on the land, another joined the firm, and a daughter Haidee Margaret married the eminent physician and surgeon (Sir) Norman Gregg. Probate of his estate was sworn at £67,979.

Longreach, Queensland:

Longreach, Queensland, is 620km west of Rockhampton, at the junction of the Capricorn and Landsborough Highways. The Aramac Creek flows southwards, joining the Thomson River which runs generally south-west through the Longreach district.

The Longreach district was explored by the New South Wales Surveyor-General, Thomas Mitchell (1846) and by Edmund Kennedy (1847). The pastoralist-explorer William Landsborough reported favourably on the district's pastoral prospects, and in 1863 the first pastoral lease was taken up by the vast Bowen Downs station. Several others followed soon afterwards. The district's centre was Aramac (c1869), and it was governed by the Aramac local-government division (1879).

Railway Boom:

Considerable optimism surrounded the new settlement: town lots were auctioned and sold briskly, and by 1890 there were three hotels, several stores and tradespeople, a progress association and a police station. The opening of the railway line in 1892 spurred further development, and thrust Longreach into the industrial upheaval of the age; whereas the 1891 shearer's strike had been based at Barcaldine, the 1894 strike was called at the new railway terminus, Longreach.

The town grew with astounding rapidity. By 1896 there were fourteen hotels, a hospital (1893), Catholic, Methodist and Anglican churches, a school of the arts, a pastoral and agricultural society and several clubs and friendly societies. From a population of about 150 in 1891, Longreach was approaching 2000 in 1903.

The progress association soon expressed criticism about the Aramac local-government division's neglect of the Longreach district. Aramac agreed, and the Longreach division was severed in 1900.

Apart from Longreach's role as a railhead and district centre, it also became the centre of an area subdivided for closer-settlement farms during the 1890s. Many blocks were too small, however, and the 1902 drought proved a substantial setback. Amalgamation of blocks and the successful drilling for bore water after the drought aided recovery.

Industrial Progress:

Longreach was usually quick to embrace new technology. Motor car hire and repair businesses were opened – the Longreach Motor Co (1910) and Edwards, Martin Ltd (1910) were major businesses in both repair and body-building for vehicles. In 1919 two young airmen, P.J. McGinness and Hudson Fysh visited Longreach while surveying the Darwin to Longreach section of a proposed England-Australia air route. The men later began Qantas outback airlines at Longreach and established a large plane assembly factory. With both a railway terminus and a pioneer air service, Longreach had some claim to being a 'Chicago of the West'. The railway advantage, however, subsided when the line was extended to Winton in 1927.

In 1921 an electricity powerhouse began operation and a rudimentary swimming pool opened. Reticulated water supply was laid on from the river in 1938, replacing the mineralised bore water and enabling trees to grace the city's parks. Despite the progress, Longreach remained a goat town for another two decades, with local herds essential as a reliable fresh milk supply. Fresh vegetables were also a problem, with grasshoppers damaging local crops and the railways sometimes failing to keep up supplies.

Postwar Tribulations:

The 1920s were relatively prosperous, as were the 1950s (apart from some dry years and a shearers' strike). Much of the commercial building stock was replaced, including the shire hall (the previous two, along with local hotels and the Catholic church had burnt down). A State high school and an Olympic pool were opened in 1966 and 1967. Within a few years wool prices declined, and an investment in beef cattle was met with a decline in meat prices. The town's population, which had stayed steady during 1933-47 when other outback towns had fallen by a quarter, faltered badly during the 20 years from 1961-81 falling from 3800 to fewer than 3000. Fortunately improved roads and transport, which had solved the milk and vegetable supply problem, brought outback tourism. Sensing the tourist opportunity, Sir James Walker, Shire Chair (1957-90), chair of regional electricity supply authorities and of the Longreach Pastoral College garnered national support for the Stockman's Hall of Fame, which opened in 1988 on land provided by the Pastoral College. The Qantas Founders Museum, abutting the original heritage-listed Qantas hanger at the Longreach aerodrome, and a museum based in the old powerhouse (also heritage-listed) are other attractions, particularly popular with 'grey nomads'.

In addition to the attractions and facilities already mentioned, Longreach has a racecourse, showground, a Catholic primary school (1985), a school of distance education, a base hospital (1944), aerodrome, a visitor information centre, an Olympic swimming pool, five churches, several hotels and motels and aged persons' accommodation. The elaborate railway station (1916, similar to the Emerald station) and the goods shed (1892) are listed on the Queensland heritage register.

Source: Australian National University (archivescollection.anu.edu.au/index.php/winchcombe-carson...), Trove (trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/37354051), Australian Dictionary of Biography, & Queensland Places (www.queenslandplaces.com.au/longreach).

Practical Virtual Reality for Disney Themeparks

Bei Yang | Creative Technical Design Lead, Walt Disney Imagineering

Location: Room 3020, West Hall

Date: Thursday, March 5

Time: 10:00am - 11:00am

by Dan Saffer (Jawbone)

Jens Pedersen, Architect

We like a girl who wears comfy shoes. That's Stephanie Lennon, the new Mary from Dungloe, in her Uggs.