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The Historic Centre (Old Town) of Tallinn is an exceptionally complete and well-preserved medieval northern European trading city on the coast of the Baltic Sea.
The city developed as a significant centre of the Hanseatic League during the major period of activity of this great trading organization in the 13th-16th centuries.
Warkworth Castle is in the village Warkworth in Northumberland. The village and castle occupy a loop of the River Coquet, less than a mile from England's north-east coast. When the castle was founded is uncertain. Traditionally its construction has been ascribed to Prince Henry of Scotland in the mid-12th century, but it may have been built by King Henry II of England when he took control of England's northern counties.
With the outbreak of the Anglo-Scottish Wars, Edward II invested in castles including Warkworth where he funded the strengthening of the garrison in 1319. Twice in 1327 the Scots besieged the castle without success. Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, added the imposing keep (pictured) overlooking the village of Warkworth in the late 14th century. In the mid-18th century the castle found its way into the hands of Hugh Smithson, who married the indirect Percy heiress. He adopted the name "Percy" and founded the dynasty of the Dukes of Northumberland, through whom possession of the castle descended.
In the late 19th century, the dukes refurbished Warkworth Castle and Anthony Salvin was commissioned to restore the keep. Alan Percy, 8th Duke of Northumberland, gave custody of the castle to the Office of Works in 1922. Since 1984 English Heritage has cared for the site, which is a Grade I listed building and a Scheduled Ancient Monument.
Source: Wikipedia
O antigo Hospital da Misericórdia de Sortelha, situado no Largo de Santa Rita, remonta ao século XVI, embora se admita que tenha funcionado antes como gafaria ou hospício de Santiago. De estrutura térrea e planta retangular, o edifício integrava espaços como sacristia, cartório e sala do despacho. Em 1626, acolheu a Igreja da Misericórdia, cuja devoção a Santa Rita se reflete no nome atual do local.
The Church of St Andrew in Cheddar, Somerset, dates from the 14th Century and has been designated as a Grade I listed building. It is part of the Church of England Diocese of Bath and Wells. It was restored in 1873 by William Butterfield.
The tower, which rises to 30 metres (100 feet) and dates from around 1423,
Gloucester Cathedral Cloisters (re-visited with a new lens!) Vertical iPhone Panorama (then rotated) and seen through the eye of my latest lens, a Zeiss ExoLens Wide-Angle working together with a Manfrotto tripod, Shoulderpod S1, Hisy remote and a hand operated 180 degree swing!, post processing in Apple 'Photos' on iMac, then Snapseed on iPad Pro.
exolens.com/product/exolens-with-optics-by-zeiss-macro-co...
St John's Church in the Wiltshire town of Devizes, dates from 1130 when it was constructed as a chapel to the recently completed castle. It is rumoured that the altar relic at its foundation was a feather from the wing of the Angel Gabriel. The feather has yet to be discovered!
Simon Jenkins points out the strong contrast between the - unexceptional - English Perpendicular style of the nave and the decidedly French Norman style of the east end of the church. The north and south chapels that flank the Norman chancel make up a third focus of interest.
Judy and I had a day out in the Cotswolds last week, and our first port of call was the beautiful small town of Chipping Campden. After lunch we visited the impressive "wool church" that is St James's.
There was a Norman church on this site in Chipping Campden in the Cotswolds before 1180, though the present church is the result of profits generated from the wool trade, and dates mainly from the 15th century. The chancel was rebuilt, the North aisle constructed with arches to balance the 13th century south aisle and the south porch was added together with the windows and battlements of both aisles. About 1490 the nave was reconstructed with its magnificent arcading built on the foundations of the old Norman nave. The great window over the chancel arch was added, a rare feature of church architecture, which provides wonderful light for the nave.
About 1500, the West tower was built, adding grace and proportion to the whole. At 120 ft. in height it ensures that the Church is a landmark from whatever direction Chipping Campden is approached. The church is regarded by Simon Jenkins as being in the top hundred of England's Thousand Best Churches.
This was taken with Judy's i-Phone.
A Rua do Vilar, no coração histórico de Santiago de Compostela, destaca-se pelas suas arcadas graníticas medievais, um elemento arquitetónico que define o urbanismo galego. Estas arcadas, que se estendem ao longo do lado ocidental da rua, ligam a Catedral de Santiago à Porta do Camiño, protegendo os peregrinos e transeuntes das intempéries. As arcadas suportam edifícios históricos como a Casa do Deão e o Pazo de Vaamonde, cujas fachadas exibem traços dos estilos renascentista, barroco e neoclássico. A rua, outrora com rés-do-chão destinado ao comércio e pisos superiores à habitação, continua a ser um eixo vital, albergando pequenos comércios, livrarias e cafés que refletem a cultura e o quotidiano compostelano.
Calle do Vilar, in the historic heart of Santiago de Compostela, stands out for its medieval granite arcades, an architectural element that defines Galician urbanism. These arcades, which run along the western side of the street, connect Santiago Cathedral to the Porta do Camiño, protecting pilgrims and passers-by from the weather. The arcades support historic buildings such as the Casa del Deón and the Pazo de Vaamonde, whose façades show traces of the Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical styles. The street, once with a first floor for commerce and upper floors for housing, continues to be a vital axis, housing small shops, bookstores and cafés that reflect the culture and daily life of Compostela.
The Church of England parish church of All Saints (St Anne until c.1928), in the village of All Cannings (pop. 590) in Wiltshire’s picturesque Vale of Pewsey, viewed at sunset from the south. It took its present form in the 14th and 15th centuries on the site of a 12th Century church on the same site. The three-stage central tower is mid-15th century and probably replaced an earlier one, and has a square stair-tower at its northeast corner.
The chancel was rebuilt in 1678 and again in 1868–9, this time in Bath stone on a slightly narrower plan, to designs of Henry Weaver of Devizes, then restored in Victorian times.
This description incorporates text from the English Wikipedia.
According to local legend, Helfštýn is named after the robber Helfried of Linva, who founded it. The castle was probably built in the last quarter of the 13th century. Around 1320 Vok of Kravař, a member of a prominent Moravian noble family, became the owner of the castle. Helfštýn remained in the possession of the Kravař family for more than a hundred years and underwent far-reaching structural changes during this period. Construction work began on a larger scale in the first half of the 14th century, but the main reconstruction of the castle into a Gothic fortress did not take place until the end of the 14th and the beginning of the 15th century. The Kravařs mainly improved the fortifications of Helfštýn. They replaced the makeshift fortification of the old parkland with a thick stone wall with four bastions, built a prismatic tower over the entrance to the castle itself and secured it with a drawbridge, built a fortified forecourt on the south side and cut the ridge of the hill with a moat carved into the rock.
The era of the Pernštejn family
In 1474, William of Pernštejn took over the castle estate and proceeded to its further reconstruction. In the last quarter of the 15th century,
Helfštýn Castle was enlarged with a thoroughly fortified, extensive farm forecourt (completed in 1480) and another forecourt, which formed a new outpost defending the entire enlarged building. At the same time, the fortifications of the old Kravaře castle were improved with bastions and a new system of towers and gates. The castle's ground plan was definitively given an elongated shape, and in its external form the perfect fortification system significantly overlapped all the other architectural elements.
Renaissance reconstruction
At the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, the inner core of the castle was rebuilt into a Renaissance residence. The old castle palace was demolished, along with part of its original Gothic fortifications, and a magnificent Renaissance palace was built on the vacant space, in sharp contrast to the extensive system of late Gothic fortifications that surrounded it.
The destruction of the castle
In 1656, quite extensive demolition work was carried out, which, although it did not damage the fortifications of Helfštýn too much, definitively deprived it of the character of a manor house. And thus began the long-term destruction of the castle. The destruction was accelerated in the second half of the 18th century by the Ditrichstein family with demolition works. These attempts culminated in 1817, when part of the inner castle was destroyed by artillery fire.
Present day
The present-day character of the castle is that of a fortress with six gates and a series of 18th-century buildings and ramparts. Since the 19th century, the castle has been presented as a tourist and heritage site. Nowadays it has become a natural cultural centre of the region, with various cultural events taking place here throughout the season
The town centre of Cirencester is dominated by the magnificent Church of St John the Baptist, which is one of the Cotswold's outstanding "wool" churches. This was vastly expanded in size in the 15th century, when the tower and new nave were built, funded by wealthy wool merchants. Simon Jenkins regards this as being among the one hundred finest churches in England.
The Grade I-listed church, which is on the side of the Market Place, is a masterpiece of Perpendicular art and dates from the 12th century, although only its floor plan reflects the early structure. The tower was originally intended to have a spire, but proved to be too weak to support its weight. Giant buttresses support both the east and west sides of the tower.
Cirencester is most celebrated for its south porch (the yellow stone building on the left of the picture), the largest and most complex in England – which dates from 1490. Here the conduct of church and secular business took place. The south porch is three storeys tall with the wool guilds occupying the first two storeys. It could easily be described as England’s first office building.
All Saints' Church is in the Wiltshire village of West Lavington (population 1,500; 5 miles/8 km south of Devizes). The earliest parts of the building date to the 12th Century, with the nave likely forming the original structure. Evidence suggests a Saxon church may have existed on the site earlier, though little remains to confirm this beyond reused stones in the south porch doorway. In the late 13th and early 14th Centuries, the church was expanded with the addition of a north aisle, south aisle, and north transept. The chancel also dates to this period, built in greensand rubble and squared stone, with limestone ashlar added later.
The west tower was constructed in the 13th Century and raised to its current height in the 14th Century.
In 1847, the famous diocesan architect for the Diocese of Salisbury, TH Wyatt, reworked the church, updating elements like the east end’s triple lancets while preserving its medieval core.
The materials used in construction—greensand, limestone, and slate roofing—reflect local resources and practical construction choices. All Saints is a Grade I listed building.
Convent of St Agnes of Bohemia - Prague - Czech Republic
Gothic Style Building
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The journey ends in clarity: Eltz Castle revealed in its full majesty.
A fairytale fortress, timeless and strong, closing the path we walked through mist.
👉 Discover more on www.photohikers.de (German Website)
Die Reise endet in Klarheit: Burg Eltz in voller Majestät.
Ein Märchenschloss, zeitlos und stark – Abschluss des Weges, den wir durch Nebel gegangen sind.
👉 Mehr findest du auf www.photohikers.de
The Historic Centre (Old Town) of Tallinn is an exceptionally complete and well-preserved medieval northern European trading city on the coast of the Baltic Sea.
The city developed as a significant centre of the Hanseatic League during the major period of activity of this great trading organization in the 13th-16th centuries.
Uma rua estreita e sinuosa de Cirauqui, em Navarra, revela o encanto medieval desta vila do Caminho Francês de Santiago. As fachadas de pedra e os vasos com plantas nos detalhes das casas dão um toque acolhedor, enquanto o caminho em descida convida o peregrino a prosseguir viagem rumo a novas paisagens.
The Church of St Giles in Leigh-on-Mendip, Somerset, is a Grade I listed building, with an unusual faceless clock. It is part of the Church of England Diocese of Bath and Wells.
A church in Leigh was first recorded in the 13th Century, as a chapel of ease connected to St Andrew’s, a larger church in the parish of Mells. In the late 14th Century, the current parish of Leigh-on-Mendip was established and the first church, as we would recognise the building today, was built between 1350 and 1390.
The 28.5-metre tower dates from around 1464, and contains six bells, five of which date from the 1750s. A scratch sundial can be seen on one of the buttress at the foot of the tower.
During a series of renovations in the 19th and 20th centuries the historical and artistic value of various features was fully recognised. These include a nearly complete set of medieval pews that is now considered to be of national importance, fragments of medieval stained glass and original woodwork.
The Quinquennial report of 2016 identified that urgent repairs were needed to the church, particularly the 300-year-old roof lead, which was leaking badly. A substantial restoration project for the magnificent nave roof was therefore completed in 2018-19.
I am indebted to the Friends of Leigh Church for this description.
Bryggen is a historic harbour district in Bergen, one of North Europe’s oldest port cities on the west coast of Norway which was established as a centre for trade by the 12th century.
In 1350 the Hanseatic League established a “Hanseatic Office” in Bergen. They gradually acquired ownership of Bryggen and controlled the trade in stockfish from Northern Norway through privileges granted by the Crown. The Hanseatic League established a total of four overseas Hanseatic Offices, Bryggen being the only one preserved today.
A Igreja de São Pedro em Portovenere ergue-se sobre um promontório rochoso, num exemplo notável de arquitetura medieval da Ligúria. Construída no século XIII sobre as ruínas de um templo romano, esta igreja apresenta características românico-góticas com a sua distinta fachada zebrada em mármore branco e pedra negra. Situada na costa da Ligúria, no norte de Itália, faz parte do Património Mundial da UNESCO desde 1997, juntamente com as Cinque Terre e as ilhas de Palmaria, Tino e Tinetto. A sua localização estratégica no promontório rochoso oferecia uma vista privilegiada do Golfo de La Spezia e integrava-se no sistema defensivo da República de Génova. A robusta muralha que a circunda serviu como proteção contra invasões marítimas, testemunhando a importância estratégica deste local ao longo dos séculos.
A Concatedral de Santa María de Cáceres, situada na Plaza de Santa María, é o principal templo cristão da cidade e um notável exemplo da transição da arquitetura medieval para o Renascimento na Estremadura espanhola. Construída em granito entre os séculos XV e XVI sobre uma antiga mesquita, a igreja combina elementos românicos e góticos tardios. Destacam-se a robusta torre sineira de base quadrada, que faz parte do sistema defensivo do centro histórico, e a portada principal com um arco ogival emoldurado por colunas decoradas. No interior, abriga um retábulo-mor em talha dourada, várias esculturas religiosas de valor histórico e a venerada escultura do Cristo Negro. Em 1957, foi elevada à categoria de concatedral da Diocese de Coria-Cáceres, partilhando esta distinção com a Catedral de Coria. O edifício foi declarado Monumento Histórico-Artístico em 1931 e, por sua importância, insere-se no conjunto classificado como Património Mundial pela UNESCO.
The Co-cathedral of Santa María de Cáceres, located in the Plaza de Santa María, is the main Christian temple in the city and a remarkable example of the transition from medieval architecture to the Renaissance in Spanish Extremadura. Built in granite between the 15th and 16th centuries on an old mosque, the church combines Romanesque and late Gothic elements. The robust square-based bell tower, which is part of the historic center's defensive system, and the main portal with an ogival arch framed by decorated columns stand out. Inside, it houses a main altarpiece in gilded carving, several religious sculptures of historical value and the venerated sculpture of the Black Christ. In 1957, it was elevated to the category of co-cathedral of the Diocese of Coria-Cáceres, sharing this distinction with the Cathedral of Coria. The building was declared a Historic-Artistic Monument in 1931 and, due to its importance, is part of the group classified as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
The visitor to this unusual and very imposing church immediately gets the impression that here are two churches built side by side, with the one on the north side being older than the one on the south. There was once a priory here, stripped of its chancel after the Dissolution. The interior is the nave of the old priory church. In the days of the priory the south aisle (on the right) served as the parish church.
The large east window was inserted after the collapse of the disused chancel in 1592. According to Simon Jenkins, St Germanus' Church has two treasures - the glass in this ten light east window, which is a masterpiece by Sir Edward Burne-Jones - and a monument by the leading 18th century sculptor John Michael Rysbrack in the north-west corner of the church to Edward Elliot MP.
Deambulando pelas ruas históricas de Florença, na Via delle Pinzochere, a caminho da icónica Piazza di Santa Croce. ️👣
IMAGINE TO BE HERE....
the ancient history of Milan, between religion and legend, for a precious piece of ancient architecture...
holy for people in Milan because St. Ambrogio is the protector of the city...
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It is
One of the most ancient churches in Milan, it was built by St. Ambrose in 379–386, in an area where numerous martyrs of the Roman persecutions had been buried. The first name of the church was in fact Basilica Martyrum.
When St. Ambrose arrived in Milan, the local churches were in conflict with each other over the conflict between Arianism and the Nicene Creed as well as numerous local issues. He was firmly in support of the Nicene side of the conflict, and wanted to make northern Italy into a pro-Rome stronghold. He did this through both preaching and construction. He built three or four churches surrounding the city; Basilica Apostolorum (now San Nazaro in Brolo), Basilica Virginum (now San Simpliciano), and Basilica Martyrum (which was later renamed in his honor). A fourth church, Basilica Salvatoris (now San Dionigi) is attributed to him as well, but may not actually be from the 4th century. These churches were dedicated with anti-Arian language and as symbols of the wealth and power of the pro-Nicene faction in Milan.
In the centuries after its construction, the edifice underwent several restorations and partial reconstructions, assuming the current appearance in the 12th Century, when it was rebuilt in the Romanesque style.
Initially, the basilica was outside the city of Milan, but over the following centuries, the city grew up around it. It became a center of religious life and a community of canons developed in the church. In 789, a monastery was established within the basilica grounds. The canons, however, retained their own community and identity instead of fading away. Two, separate, distinct religious communities shared the basilica. In the 11th century, the canons adopted orders and became Canons Regular. There were now two separate monastic orders following different rules living in the basilica. The canons were in the northern building, the cloister of the canons, while the monks were in the two southern buildings.
The two towers symbolize the division in the basilica. The 9th century Torre dei Monaci ("Tower of the Monks") tower was used by the monks to call the faithful to the monks' mass. The monks supported themselves, partly, from the offerings given after mass. However, the canons did not have a bell tower and were not allowed to ring bells until they finished their own tower in the 12th Century.
The monastery and church became a large landholder in northern Italy and into what is now the Swiss Canton of Ticino. On 4 August 1528 it was the so-called "Peace of St. Ambrose", between the noble and popular factions of the city, was signed here. In 1492 the Benedictines commissioned Donato Bramante, structural architect of St. Peter's Basilica, to renovate the new rectory.
In August 1943 the Allied bombings heavily damaged the basilica, in particular the apse and surrounding area. As a result of this a new building, painted in pink, was constructed to house the Abbott's offices and the museum.
FOR MORE INFORMATIONS:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_of_Sant%27Ambrogio
FOR THE PLACE:
wikimapia.org/#lang=it&lat=45.462539&lon=9.175687...
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The small market town of Shipston-on-Stour is situated in South Warwickshire about nine miles from Stratford-upon-Avon. The town's name derives from being known in ancient times as 'Sheep-wash-Town'. Shipston was for a long time an important sheep market town and after the demand for local wool began to diminish the town continued to flourish thanks to the opening in 1836 of a branch line from the horse-powered tramway built a decade before to link Stratford with Moreton-in-Marsh. The line became a modern railway in 1889.
Shipston is on the old main road between Stratford-upon-Avon and Oxford and from the 1600s to the 1800s was a staging place for stagecoaches. The dominant building on the former main road is the 15th century west tower of the Grade II*-listed Church of St Edmund. The remainder of the church was rebuilt in 1855, designed in the 14th century style by the renowned church architect G E Street.
Just been back to Gloucester Cathedral today, while doing some standard iPhone Panoramas in the cloisters I had an idea.....this is the result....I hope you like it....I thought it would make a nice change.. not an easy handheld shot, but hopefully worth it, even though there's a problem with the ceiling area on the right hand side of the image. I think I'll try and build some sort of rig for the Tripod and go back and have another go..... gently tickled in Snapseed on iPad Pro.
The National Churches Trust describes St Mary's in Potterne as a “an Early English church of exceptional purity and austerity.”
A priest, and land held by the Bishop of Salisbury, was recorded at Potterne in Domesday Book of 1086, and in Victorian times, a 10th Century font was found on the site of the present day Church of England parish church of St Mary. It was built in the 13th century and has survived with little change, beyond work to the tower in the 15th century and restoration by Ewan Christian. Pevsner describes it as, “An Early English parish church of exceptional purity and indeed classicity” and linked this to the Bishops’ ownership of the manor.
The church is cruciform, with a substantial tower over the crossing, and original lancet windows. It is built of rubble stone, with ashlar to the upper tower. The south porch was added in the 14th century, and in the 15th the tower was made higher and given an elaborate battlement. Restoration in 1870–2 included re-roofing and the removal of galleries, and the stained glass is from various dates in that century.
From the 11th century, the church had been linked to All Saints at West Lavington as tithes from both churches endowed a prebendary at Salisbury Cathedral. From 1967 the benefice was held in plurality with Worton and since 2017 the parish has been part of the Wellsprings benefice, which extends to Seend, Bulkington and Poulshot.
Potterne is a village with a population of 1,544 (2021), 2 miles/3 km south of the Wiltshire market town of Devizes.
This description incorporates text from the English Wikipedia.
photo rights reserved by B℮n
Metekhi Church, one of the most iconic landmarks in Tbilisi, is located on a cliff overlooking the Mtkvari Kura River and offers a beautiful view of the old town. This church plays an important role in the history and religious life of Georgia. Metekhi Church dates back to the 5th century, during the time of King Vakhtang I Gorgasali, the founder of Tbilisi. Metekhi Church has a deep religious significance. According to legend, it is the place where St. Shushanik, one of the earliest Christian martyrs of Georgia, was buried. The church served as an important center of the Georgian Orthodox faith throughout the centuries. Situated at a strategic point above the river, Metekhi Church has also played a military role. The fortress that was originally part of the complex served as a defense against raids. The location of the church made it possible to guard both the city and the river crossings. The church is a classic example of medieval Georgian architecture, with a simple, cruciform design and a dome. The stone facades are simple but elegant, with carefully carved decorations and windows. Next to the church is an imposing statue of King Vakhtang I Gorgasali on horseback, overlooking the city. This monument pays tribute to the founder of Tbilisi and reinforces the historical importance of the site.
Metekhi Church in Tbilis - Georgia i is an important symbol of Georgian history and religion. With its rich past, strategic location, and impressive architecture, the church offers a unique glimpse into Georgia's heritage and remains a source of pride for the people of Tbilisi. The park next to the church is a serene and green oasis overlooking the Mtkvari River, making it a favorite spot for both locals and tourists.
De Metekhi-kerk, een van de meest iconische bezienswaardigheden in Tbilisi, ligt op een klif met uitzicht op de rivier de Mtkvari Kura en biedt een prachtig uitzicht op de oude stad. Deze kerk speelt een belangrijke rol in de geschiedenis en het religieuze leven van Georgië. De Metekhi-kerk stamt uit de 5e eeuw, ten tijde van koning Vakhtang I Gorgasali, de stichter van Tbilisi. De Metekhi-kerk heeft een diepe religieuze betekenis. Volgens de legende is het de plaats waar St. Shushanik, een van de vroegste christelijke martelaren van Georgië, werd begraven. De kerk diende door de eeuwen heen als een belangrijk centrum voor het Georgisch-orthodoxe geloof. Gelegen op een strategisch punt boven de rivier, heeft de Metekhi-kerk ook een militaire rol gespeeld. De vesting die oorspronkelijk deel uitmaakte van het complex, diende als een verdediging tegen invallen. De ligging van de kerk maakte het mogelijk om zowel de stad als de rivierovergangen te bewaken. De kerk is een klassiek voorbeeld van middeleeuwse Georgische architectuur, met een eenvoudig, kruisvormig ontwerp en een koepel. De stenen gevels zijn sober, maar elegant, met zorgvuldig uitgehouwen decoraties en vensters. Naast de kerk staat een imposant standbeeld van koning Vakhtang I Gorgasali te paard, dat uitkijkt over de stad. Dit monument is een eerbetoon aan de stichter van Tbilisi en versterkt het historische belang van de locatie. Het park naast de kerk in Tbilisi is een serene en groene oase die uitkijkt over de rivier de Kura, waardoor het een geliefde plek is voor zowel lokale bewoners als toeristen.
O portal românico da Igreja de San Román, em Cirauqui (Navarra), c. 1200, exemplifica a influência mourisca através dos seus arcos polilobados. Integrada numa estrutura que funcionava também como fortaleza, a igreja, construída em pedra no século XIII e ampliada nos séculos XVI e XVII, apresenta uma rica decoração escultórica no portal e arquivoltas, com motivos geométricos, vegetais e figurativos (cabeças humanas, leões, grifos). Situada no ponto mais alto da vila, San Román constitui um marco paisagístico e histórico de Cirauqui, local importante na rota de Santiago, outrora servida por um hospital de peregrinos.
Self Portrait ❤️
// Pensionnat de Chavagne
▲ : www.ladyschnaps.fr/pensionnat-de-chavagne/
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Bryggen is a historic harbour district in Bergen, one of North Europe’s oldest port cities on the west coast of Norway which was established as a centre for trade by the 12th century.
In 1350 the Hanseatic League established a “Hanseatic Office” in Bergen. They gradually acquired ownership of Bryggen and controlled the trade in stockfish from Northern Norway through privileges granted by the Crown. The Hanseatic League established a total of four overseas Hanseatic Offices, Bryggen being the only one preserved today.