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AEGEAN SEA (Sept. 4, 2017) HS Salamis (F455) with Standing NATO Maritime Group Two (SNMG2) flagship HMS Duncan (D37) during a Passing Exercise (PASEX) in the Aegean Sea. The Standing NATO Maritime Groups are a multinational, integrated maritime force made up of vessels from various allied countries. These vessels, including their air assets, are permanently available to NATO to perform different tasks ranging from participating in exercises to intervening in operational missions. These groups provide NATO with a continuous maritime capability for operations and other activities in peacetime and in periods of crisis and conflict. They also help to establish Alliance presence, demonstrate solidarity, conduct routine diplomatic visits to different countries, practice interoperability with Allied Navies and provide a variety of military maritime capabilities to ongoing missions. Courtesy photo by Hellenic Navy.
A Slovenian soldier of 3rd Company, 10th Regiment transmits a 9-line medical evacuation request during a situational training exercise lane at Exercise Allied Spirit IV at the 7th Army Joint Multinational Training Command's Hohenfels Training Area, Germany, Jan. 21, 2016. Exercise Allied Spirit includes more than 2,200 participants from six NATO nations, and exercises tactical interoperability and tests secure communications within Alliance members and partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Visual Information Specialist Markus Rauchenberger/released)
Philippine Marine Maj. Gen. Jimmy Larida, center, speaks with U.S. Marine Corps Brig. Gen. N.E. "Rick" Nelson, right, and Col. Mark Walter, left, during a training event where Service members from both nations executed high altitude low-opening and static line jumps from a MV-22B Osprey aircraft May 13, 2014 in Basa, Philippines during Balikatan 2014. In its 30th iteration, Balikatan is an annual bilateral exercise between the U.S. and the Republic of the Philippines and aims at building both nations interoperability during joint planning, contingency, humanitarian and disaster relief operations. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Lance Cpl. Abbey M. Perria/Released)
in European Interoperability Framework for European Public Services (2010), p. 4. See complete Annex: ec.europa.eu/isa2/sites/isa/files/isa_annex_ii_eif_en.pdf
Maj. Gen. Salim Mustafa Kijuu, Commander of Land Forces, Tanzania People's Defence Force, familiarizes himself with the controls of a Virtual Battle Space console at the Joint Multinational Simulation Center during a visit at the 7th Army Joint Multinational Training Command's Grafenwoehr Training Area, Germany, July 9, 2015 as part of a Command Sponsored Visit coordinated by USARAF on behalf of the U.S. Army. Command Sponsored Visits bring together senior land force commanders from nations around the world to discuss mutual security concerns and to increase interoperability. USARAF hosted the annual Gender Mainstreaming Seminar in Tanzania in May of this year and will conduct the African Land Forces Summit and the Eastern Accord 16 exercise in Tanzania next year. These visits help build partnerships over time and across echelons, the key concept behind USARAF's African Horizons strategy.
(U.S. Army photo by Visual Information Specialist Markus Rauchenberger/released)
Eager Lion was a two-weeklong multinational exercise with the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, in order to exchange military expertise and improve interoperability among partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Leah R. Kilpatrick, 3rd Armored Brigade Combat Team Public Affairs Office, 1st Cavalry Division (released)
Biodiversity Heritage Library for Europe – Interoperability of European biodiversity digital libraries
Melita Birthälmer, Boris Jacob
A serious barrier preventing the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) of the United Nations is the lack of access to essential information on animals and plants. Much of this information can be found in scientific books and journals of the past centuries. Natural history museums and botanical gardens collectively hold the majority of the world’s published knowledge on the discovery and subsequent description of biological diversity up to the present, and the only way to access this knowledge is to visit a number of different, geographically dispersed, specialist libraries. This hinders fundamental research in the domain of biodiversity as it depends – more than any other natural science – upon historic literature. Since 2007, the Biodiversity Heritage Library has been systematically removing this fundamental barrier by making access to this literature easier via the Web. Managed by the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, the Biodiversity Heritage Library for Europe (BHL-Europe) started on 1 May 2009 within the framework of the EU program eContentplus. BHL-Europe will now further develop, expand, and enhance the Biodiversity Heritage Library by bringing together the extensive collections of biodiversity literature held in major European natural history, botanical, and research libraries.
BHL-Europe focuses on the interoperability of existing European digital libraries and repositories with the goal of providing open access to the wider public, scientists, and decision makers. It aims to implement technological solutions for search and retrieval and long-term sustainability of digitized content. BHL-Europe is designed as a best practices network, not focused on the task of digitization, which is within the competence of each content provider, but assisting in future scanning activities.
BHL-Europe will make biodiversity literature freely available on three online platforms: a multilingual BHL-Europe portal for search and retrieval, the Global Reference Index to Biodiversity (GRIB), and Europeana.
The technical architecture of BHL-Europe is based on the Open Archival Information System (OAIS) reference model and enables content ingestion, archival storage and delivery of content to users of already digitised content. A prototype of the multilingual BHL-Europe portal with sophisticated search tools will be available end of fall 2010.
The GRIB is built in cooperation with the European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy (EDIT) and will serve as a central index in the BHL-Europe infrastructure. The GRIB will be a bibliographic database including the library catalogues of BHL-Europe partners and will provide deduplication and scanning management functionalities. A prototype of the GRIB is working already and the final system is expected to be finished in spring 2011.
In addition to the BHL-Europe portal, biodiversity literature will be as well accessible through Europeana, the portal of the European Digital Library. Since June 2010, more than 82,000 books are currently accessible in Europeana, and this number will increase continuously while BHL-Europe is harvesting digital content from its content providers.
Making digital content of numerous biodiversity libraries from all over the world interoperable through the BHL-Europe portal will bring the vision of a global digital open access library for biodiversity literature to life.
Soldiers with the 1st platoon of U.S. Army Europe's 541st Engineer Company, 54th Engineer Battalion, 18th Engineer Brigade, stand in formation during the closing ceremony for exercise Interdict 12, in Spain, Nov. 1. The exercise hosted by the Spanish engineers was designed to foster and enhance interoperability and skills among engineer units practicing counter-improvised explosive device operations using a scenario that mirrored combat in Afghanistan. (Photo by Lt. Col. Wayne Marotto)
Malak Jehad Al Akiely, Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Golden Wheat for Grain Trading, Jordan; Young Global Leader and Bashar Kilani, Regional Executive, Middle East, IBM Corporation, United Arab Emirates during the Session: Making Blockchain Interoperable at the King Hussein Bin Talal Convention Centre during the World Economic Forum on the Middle East and North Africa, Jordan 2019. Copyright by World Economic Forum / Faruk Pinjo
GRAFENWOEHR, Germany -- JMRC's 1st Battalion, 4th Infantry Regiment is on the attack at exercise Saber Junction! Opposing forces conducted a mortar attack on 2nd Cavalry Regiment south of Grafenwoehr Germany. U.S. Army Europe's exercise Saber Junction trains U.S. personnel and more than 1800 multinational partners from 18 different nations ensuring multinational interoperability and an agile, ready coalition force. (U.S. Army Europe Photo by Staff Sgt. Joel Salgado)
U.S. Marines with the Force Reconnaissance Detachment and Battalion Landing Team 3rd Battalion, 3rd Marine Regiment, 15th Marine Expeditionary Unit, discuss their mission during interoperability training aboard Camp Pendleton, Calif., Nov. 15, 2014 These Marines are training as part of the MEU’s Maritime Raid Force.
Photo by Cpl. Anna Albrecht
Spanish troops (in tan camouflage at left) set up a security position with Soldiers of the 1st platoon of U.S. Army Europe's 541st Engineer Company, 54th Engineer Battalion, 18th Engineer Brigade, during exercise Interdict 2012 in Spain, Oct. 29. The exercise hosted by the Spanish engineers was designed to foster and enhance interoperability and skills among engineer units practicing counter-improvised explosive device operations based on several IED events during a route clearance scenario. (Photo by Lt. Col. Wayne Marotto)
An M1A2 Abrams Main Battle Tank assigned to 3rd Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment, 3rd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division engages targets at a combined, joint live-fire accuracy screening test range May 10 in Wadi Shadiya, Jordan as part of Exercise Eager Lion 2017. Eager Lion was a two-weeklong multinational exercise with the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, in order to exchange military expertise and improve interoperability among partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Leah R. Kilpatrick, 3rd Armored Brigade Combat Team Public Affairs Office, 1st Cavalry Division (released)
160607-N-PF515-002 BERGA, Sweden (June 7, 2016) Sailors attached to Explosive Ordnance Disposal Group Two and Commander, Task Group 68’s Expeditionary Mine Countermeasures Company, review bottom imagery from an unmanned underwater vehicle searching for explosive ordnance and mine-shaped objects during BALTOPS 2016, June 7. BALTOPS is an annual recurring multinational exercise designed to improve interoperability, enhance flexibility, and demonstrate the resolve of allied and partner nations to defend the Baltic region. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 1st Class America A. Henry/Released)
Military personnel and delegates from more than 40 nations gather at the Zambian Army Headquarters, Aug. 7, 2013, in Lusaka, Zambia for an opening ceremony to begin the Africa Endeavor 2013 exercise. Africa Endeavor is Africa Command's annual 10-day communications exercise, focusing on interoperability and information sharing among African partners. The first Africa Endeavor was held in 2006 in South Africa; past exercises have taken place in Nigeria, Gabon, Ghana, The Gambia and Cameroon. (U.S. Army National Guard photo by Sgt. Bethany Fehringer/RELEASED)
FUTENMA, OKINAWAI, Japan (Feb. 12, 2018) - U.S. Navy medical personnel from Medical Skills Training Center, 3rd Medical Battalion, 3rd Marine Logistics Group transfer a simulated casualty to a safety vehicle during a field training evolution at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, Okinawa. Navy personnel, alongside Army and Air Force personnel, simulated en-route care procedures, focusing on familiarizing and expanding joint interoperability of patient evacuation from the point of injury on the battlefield to advanced medical care at a Role Two field hospital. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Lance Cpl. Isabella Ortega) 180212-M-ZL682-1174
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A U.S. Soldier, assigned to 173rd Airborne Brigade, shows an unmanned aviation vehicle to Hon. Raimonds Bergmanis, Latvian Minister of Defense, left, during Exercise Allied Spirit VI at 7th Army Training Command’s Hohenfels Training Area, Germany, March 17, 2017. Exercise Allied Spirit includes about 2,770 participants from 12 NATO and Partner for Peace nations, and exercises tactical interoperability and tests secure communications within Alliance members and partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Visual Information Specialist Gerhard Seuffert)
170808-N-OX430-015 ATLANTIC OCEAN (Aug. 8, 2017) The Royal Navy aircraft carrier HMS Queen Elizabeth (R08) transits alongside the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS George H.W. Bush (CVN 77) during exercise Saxon Warrior 2017, Aug. 8. Saxon Warrior is a United States and United Kingdom co-hosted carrier strike group exercise that demonstrates interoperability and capability to respond to crises and deter potential threats. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Daniel Gaither/Released)
Military personnel and delegates from more than 40 nations establish communications centers to begin the scenario portion of the Africa Endeavor 2013 exercise at an Air Force base in Lusaka, Zambia, Aug. 10, 2013.Africa Endeavor is Africa Command's annual 10-day communications exercise, focusing on interoperability and information sharing among African partners. The first Africa Endeavor was held in 2006 in South Africa; past exercises have taken place in Nigeria, Gabon, Ghana, The Gambia and Cameroon. (U.S. Army National Guard photo by Sgt. Bethany Fehringer/RELEASED)
Bashar Kilani, Regional Executive, Middle East, IBM Corporation, United Arab Emirates speaking during the Session: Making Blockchain Interoperable at the King Hussein Bin Talal Convention Centre during the World Economic Forum on the Middle East and North Africa, Jordan 2019. Copyright by World Economic Forum / Faruk Pinjo
Malak Jehad Al Akiely, Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Golden Wheat for Grain Trading, Jordan; Young Global Leader speaking during the Session: Making Blockchain Interoperable at the King Hussein Bin Talal Convention Centre during the World Economic Forum on the Middle East and North Africa, Jordan 2019. Copyright by World Economic Forum / Faruk Pinjo
A Romanian IAR-330 Puma Helicopter conducts airguard and security operations for two TR-85 Main Battle Tanks, while participating in a multinational combined arms demonstration alongside Troopers assigned to 2nd Squadron, 2nd Cavalry Regiment, Romanian Land Forces and British soldiers belonging to the Coldstream Guard, during an Exercise Wind Spring Distinguished Visitor's event at Smardan Training Area, Romania, Apr. 18, 2015. The purpose of the event was to demonstrate interoperability between NATO Allies, while also allowing members of the Romanian government, along with British military leadership, to watch as the units worked and trained together in support of Operation Atlantic Resolve-South. (U.S. Army photo by Sgt. William A. Tanner/released)
Malak Jehad Al Akiely, Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Golden Wheat for Grain Trading, Jordan; Young Global Leader and Bashar Kilani, Regional Executive, Middle East, IBM Corporation, United Arab Emirates during the Session: Making Blockchain Interoperable at the King Hussein Bin Talal Convention Centre during the World Economic Forum on the Middle East and North Africa, Jordan 2019. Copyright by World Economic Forum / Faruk Pinjo
Eager Lion was a two-weeklong multinational exercise with the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, in order to exchange military expertise and improve interoperability among partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Leah R. Kilpatrick, 3rd Armored Brigade Combat Team Public Affairs Office, 1st Cavalry Division (released)
Staff Sgt. David Doolin with the 1st platoon of U.S. Army Europe's 541st Engineer Company, 54th Engineer Battalion, 18th Engineer Brigade, greets Spanish engineer soldiers on the first day of exercise Interdict 2012 in Spain, Oct. 27. The exercise hosted by the Spanish engineers was designed to foster and enhance interoperability and skills among engineer units practicing counter-improvised explosive device operations using a scenario that mirrored combat in Afghanistan. (Photo by Lt. Col. Wayne Marotto)
Military personnel and delegates from more than 40 nations gather at the Zambian Army Headquarters, Aug. 7, 2013, in Lusaka, Zambia for an opening ceremony to begin the Africa Endeavor 2013 exercise. Africa Endeavor is Africa Command's annual 10-day communications exercise, focusing on interoperability and information sharing among African partners. The first Africa Endeavor was held in 2006 in South Africa; past exercises have taken place in Nigeria, Gabon, Ghana, The Gambia and Cameroon. (U.S. Army National Guard photo by Sgt. Bethany Fehringer/RELEASED)
Military personnel and delegates from more than 40 nations establish communications centers to begin the scenario portion of the Africa Endeavor 2013 exercise at an Air Force base in Lusaka, Zambia, Aug. 10, 2013.Africa Endeavor is Africa Command's annual 10-day communications exercise, focusing on interoperability and information sharing among African partners. The first Africa Endeavor was held in 2006 in South Africa; past exercises have taken place in Nigeria, Gabon, Ghana, The Gambia and Cameroon. (U.S. Army National Guard photo by Sgt. Bethany Fehringer/RELEASED)
Battle Group Poland U.S. Soldiers conduct sling-load training with the M777 Howitzer near the Bemowo Piskie Training Area during Saber Strike 17 June 7. Saber Strike 17 is a U.S. Army Europe-led multinational combined forces exercise conducted annually to enhance the NATO alliance throughout the Baltic region and Poland. This year’s exercise includes integrated and synchronized deterrence-oriented training designed to improve interoperability and readiness of the 20 participating nations’ militaries. (U.S. Army photo by Charles Rosemond, Training Support Team Orzysz)
A tank assigned to the Jordan Armed Forces engages a target at a combined joint live-fire accuracy screening test range May 10 in Wadi Shadiya, Jordan during Exercise Eager Lion 2017. Eager Lion was a two-weeklong multinational exercise with the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, in order to exchange military expertise and improve interoperability among partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Leah R. Kilpatrick, 3rd Armored Brigade Combat Team Public Affairs Office, 1st Cavalry Division (released)
170807-N-KB401-357 THE MINCH, Scotland (Aug. 7, 2017) The Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS George H.W. Bush (CVN 77), the Royal Navy Duke-class frigate HMS Westminster (F237), and the Royal Norwegian Navy frigate Helge Ingstad (F313) transit the Minch, Scotland, during exercise Saxon Warrior 2017, Aug. 7. Saxon Warrior is a United States and United Kingdom co-hosted carrier strike group exercise that demonstrates interoperability and capability to respond to crises and deter potential threats. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Michael B. Zingaro/Released)
Slovenian soldiers of 3rd Company, 10th Regiment maneuver Valuk Light Armored Vehicles during a movement to contact lane at Exercise Allied Spirit IV at the 7th Army Joint Multinational Training Command's Hohenfels Training Area, Germany, Jan. 21, 2016. Exercise Allied Spirit includes more than 2,200 participants from six NATO nations, and exercises tactical interoperability and tests secure communications within Alliance members and partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Visual Information Specialist Markus Rauchenberger/released)
130612-M-FD301-051
Senior leaders from multiple Asia-Pacific nations attend a multinational presentation of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Defence Ministers Meeting-Plus ASEAN Humanitarian Assistance/Disaster Relief and Military Medicine Exercise hosted by Brunei June 12 at the Multinational Coordination Center in Muara, Brunei. ADMM-Plus AHMX is a multilateral exercise that provides a forum for regional partner nations to address shared security challenges, strengthen defense cooperation, enhance interoperability and promote stability in the region. ASEAN is composed of Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Burma, the Republic of the Philippines, Singapore, the Kingdom of Thailand, Vietnam and other Asia-Pacific nations, such as Australia, the People’s Republic of China, India, Japan, New Zealand, the Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation and the U.S. Photo by Lance Cpl. Kasey Peacock
Pvt. Allan Thompson (left) and Pfc. Garrhett Mikel (right,) both military police officers assigned to the 615th Military Police Company, whom directly supports 4th Squadron, 2nd Cavalry Regiment, conduct preventive maintenance, checks and services on their .50 caliber machine gun mount before driving the second leg of the Dragoon Crossing, a tactical road march starting out at Rose Barracks, Germany and continuing through the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic ending in Hungary on Sept. 14, 2015. The purpose of the exercise is to reassure NATO Allies of the U.S. intent during Operation Atlantic Resolve while demonstrating interoperability and freedom of movement throughout Eastern Europe. (U.S. Army photo by Sgt. William A. Tanner/released)
Spain's Crown Prince Felipe de Borbon (in blue beret) speaks with Col. Scott Peterson, commander of U.S. Army Europe's 18th Engineer Brigade (center), and Lt. Col. Tom Austin, commander of the 54th Engineer Battalion, during a visit to Spain's San Gregorio training area to meet with multinational participants in exercise Interdict 12, Oct. 30. The prince was given a demonstration of Spanish and U.S. engineer capabilities during a live exercise demonstration. Interdict 12, hosted by the Spanish engineers was designed to foster and enhance interoperability and skills among engineer units practicing counter-improvised explosive device operations using a scenario that mirrored combat in Afghanistan. (Photo by Lt. Col. Wayne Marotto)
In addition to the Macedonia, this year's participants include: Austria, Azerbaijan, Denmark, Bulgaria, Canada, Germany, Georgia, Moldova, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia and Sweden, Ukraine, U.S. Rapid Trident is a multinational exercise held at the International Peacekeeping and Security Center in Yavoriv, Ukraine. It is designed to promote regional stability and security, strengthen international military partnering and foster trust while improving interoperability between participating nations. (Photo by U.S. Army Staff Sgt. Brooks Fletcher, U.S. Army Europe Public Affairs)
A 120mm mortar system waits to be fired during Exercise Iron Fist 2014 aboard Camp Pendleton, Calif., Feb. 4, 2014. Iron Fist 2014 is an amphibious exercise that brings together Marines and Sailors from the 15th Marine Expeditionary Unit, other I Marine Expeditionary Force units, and soldiers from the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force, to promote military interoperability and hone individual and small-unit skills through challenging, complex and realistic training. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Sgt. Jamean R. Berry/Released)
Cpl. Lawrence Butts, an infantryman from Phil Campbell, Alabama, points out sectors of fire for Spc. Ian Lathon, an infantryman from San Bernadino, California, both assignedto Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 3rd Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment, 3rd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division, at a squad live-fire May 11 in Wadi Shadiya, Jordan as part of Exercise Eager Lion 2017. Eager Lion was a two-weeklong multinational exercise with the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, in order to exchange military expertise and improve interoperability among partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Leah R. Kilpatrick, 3rd Armored Brigade Combat Team Public Affairs Office, 1st Cavalry Division (released)
Malak Jehad Al Akiely, Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Golden Wheat for Grain Trading, Jordan; Young Global Leader and Bashar Kilani, Regional Executive, Middle East, IBM Corporation, United Arab Emirates during the Session: Making Blockchain Interoperable at the King Hussein Bin Talal Convention Centre during the World Economic Forum on the Middle East and North Africa, Jordan 2019. Copyright by World Economic Forum / Faruk Pinjo
A Marine All-Weather Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 224 F/A-18D Hornet parks at the Chitose Air Base apron in Hokkaido, Japan, Jan. 13, 2016. VMFA (AW)-224, homebased at MCAS Beaufort, S.C., is temporarily based in Iwakuni on a unit deployment program and deployed to Northern Japan to participate in the Chitose Aviation Training Relocation Exercise Jan. 12-22. During the exercise, the squadron conducted dissimilar air combat training with and against the Japan Air Self-Defense Force to further support combined interoperability and Pacific theater security cooperation. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Jessica Quezada/Released)
U.S. Marines with 1st Battalion, 1st Marine Regiment, provide security during Exercise Iron Fist 2014 aboard Camp Pendleton, Calif., Feb. 19, 2014. Iron Fist is an amphibious exercise that brings together Marines and sailors from the 15th Marine Expeditionary Unit, other I Marine Expeditionary Force units, and soldiers from the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force, to promote military interoperability and hone individual and small-unit skills through challenging, complex and realistic training. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Sgt. Jamean R. Berry/Released)
A Slovenian soldier of 3rd Company, 10th Regiment pulls security during a movement to contact lane at Exercise Allied Spirit IV at the 7th Army Joint Multinational Training Command's Hohenfels Training Area, Germany, Jan. 21, 2016.Exercise Allied Spirit includes more than 2,200 participants from six NATO nations, and exercises tactical interoperability and tests secure communications within Alliance members and partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Visual Information Specialist Markus Rauchenberger/released)
Slovenian soldiers of 3rd Company, 10th Regiment conduct a movement to contact lane using Valuk Light Armored Vehicles during Exercise Allied Spirit IV at the 7th Army Joint Multinational Training Command's Hohenfels Training Area, Germany, Jan. 21, 2016. Exercise Allied Spirit includes more than 2,200 participants from six NATO nations, and exercises tactical interoperability and tests secure communications within Alliance members and partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Visual Information Specialist Markus Rauchenberger/released)
Military personnel and delegates from more than 40 nations establish communications centers to begin the scenario portion of the Africa Endeavor 2013 exercise at an Air Force base in Lusaka, Zambia, Aug. 10, 2013.Africa Endeavor is Africa Command's annual 10-day communications exercise, focusing on interoperability and information sharing among African partners. The first Africa Endeavor was held in 2006 in South Africa; past exercises have taken place in Nigeria, Gabon, Ghana, The Gambia and Cameroon. (U.S. Army National Guard photo by Sgt. Bethany Fehringer/RELEASED)
Soldiers from Netherlands and the United States conduct an air assault mission, during Exercise Allied Spirit VI at 7th Army Training Command’s Hohenfels Training Area, Germany, March 17, 2017. Exercise Allied Spirit includes about 2,770 participants from 12 NATO and Partner for Peace nations, and exercises tactical interoperability and tests secure communications within Alliance members and partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Visual Information Specialist Gerhard Seuffert)
ROCKHAMPTON, Queensland, Australia (July 15, 2011) - Australian Defence Force Capt. Aaron
Oldaker,from Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, with 1st Joint Public Affairs Unit, low crawls through a tunnel ADF and U.S. Marines during a movement-to-contact exercise during a Marine Corps Martial Arts Program demonstration and physical training drill at Camp Rocky in Rockhampton during Talisman Sabre 2011 July 15, 2011. U.S. Marines with Combat Logistics Regiment 37, 3rd Marine Logistics Group, III Marine Expeditionary Force, hosted the demo and drill in which ADF personnel and U.S. Marines from CLR-37 and 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit participated. During the demo and drill, teams of ADF and U.S troops also performed squad pushups, hanging squad sit ups and Marine Corps-style ground fighting. TS11 is a biennial combined training exercise designed to train Australian and U.S. forces in planning and conducting Combined Task Force operations to improve Australian Defence Force/U.S. combat readiness and interoperability. It reflects the closeness of the alliance and the strength and flexibility of the ongoing military-military relationship. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Gunnery Sgt. Cindy Fisher/Released)
A Romanian IAR-330 Puma Helicopter (center,) flys above a Stryker Combat Vehicle (left,) belonging to 2nd Squadron, 2nd Cavalry Regiment and a TR-85 Main Battle Tank (right,) belonging to the Romanian Land Forces, before a multinational combined arms demonstration during an Exercise Wind Spring Distinguished Visitor's event at Smardan Training Area, Romania, Apr. 18, 2015. The purpose of the event was to demonstrate interoperability between NATO Allies, while also allowing members of the Romanian government, along with British military leadership, to watch as the units worked and trained together in support of Operation Atlantic Resolve-South. (U.S. Army photo by Sgt. William A. Tanner/released)
Lance Cpl. Taymullah B. Ameen sights in down range using a M40 A5 bolt action sniper rifle in part of an unknown distance qualification range August 18 at Bradshaw Field Training Area, Northern Territory, Australia, during Exercise Koolendong 14. The range focused on increasing scout sniper's long range precision firing capabilities. The Marines challenged themselves with the M40 A5, M110 SASS and the M107 SASR. The Marines are with Scout Sniper Platoon, 1st Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment and are currently deployed in part of the Marine Rotational Force Darwin. The rotational deployment of U.S. Marines affords an unprecedented combined training opportunity with our Australian allies, and improves interoperability with our forces. Ameen, a Chicago, Illinois native, is a mortarman assigned with the platoon. (Marine Corps Photo by Lance Cpl. Joey S. Holeman, Jr./ Released)
After walking about 3 kilometers through forests, Paratroopers of Company A, 1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment, 173rd Airborne Brigade, made their way from the air assault infiltration location and tactically moved on foot through thick vegetation. Their objective was to conduct a deliberate attack on the military operations on an urban terrain site known as Haaslat Village at Hohenfels Training Area Aug. 28. Exercise Saber Junction 2014 includes participants from the U.S., NATO allies and European security partners, conducting unified land operations at the 7th Army's Joint Multinational Training Command's Hohenfels Training Area. The exercise trains units in the simultaneous combination of offensive, defensive and stability operations while improving international interoperability, commitment to NATO and allied nations and strategic access to critical areas within the European Command's area of responsibility. More information about Saber Junction 2014 can be found at www.eur.army.mil/SaberJunction/ (U.S. Army photo by Sgt. Christina M. Dion/Released)
Troopers assigned to 2nd Squadron, 2nd Cavalry Regiment, prepare to meet distinguished guests as they stand in front of their Stryker Combat Vehicles, while participating in a multinational combined arms demonstration during an Exercise Wind Spring Distinguished Visitor's event at Smardan Training Area, Romania, Apr. 18, 2015. The purpose of the event was to demonstrate interoperability between NATO Allies, while also allowing members of the Romanian government, along with British military leadership, to watch as the units worked and trained together in support of Operation Atlantic Resolve-South. (U.S. Army photo by Sgt. William A. Tanner/released)
A U.S. Soldier, assigned to Bravo Troop, Regimental Engineer Squadron, 2d Cavalry Regiment, provides security during a sling load training as part of Exercise Allied Spirit V at the 7th Army Training Command’s Hohenfels Training Area, Germany, Oct. 4, 2016. Exercise Allied Spirit includes about 2,520 participants from eight NATO nations, and exercises tactical interoperability and tests secure communications within Alliance members and partner nations. (U.S. Army photo by Visual Information Specialist Gertrud Zach)