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31st May 2016 - OECD Forum 2016:
LUNCH DEBATE: MIGRATION & INTEGRATION
Moderator: Ali Aslan, TV Host & Journalist, Deutsche Welle, Germany
Speakers
- Jean-Christophe Dumont, Head, International Migration Division, Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, OECD
- Asiem El Difraoui, Economist
- Gabriele Fanta, Representative, Business and Industry Advisory Committee to the OECD (BIAC)
- Sonia Laboureau, Head, Centre International la CIMADE à Massy, France
- Jérémy Lachal, Executive Director, Libraries Without Borders
- Pascal Lamy, President emeritus, Jacques Delors Institute, France
- Sabrina Lauro, Head, PlaNet ADAM Pantin, France
- Sandra Lavenex, Full Professor of European and International Politics, University of Geneva, Switzerland
- Philippe Legrain, Visiting Senior Fellow, European Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science,
United Kingdom
- Aape Pohjavirta, Chief Evangelist and Founder, Funzi, Finland
- Nevena Vukašinović, Member, Migration Network, Youth Forum
OECD, Paris, France.
Photo: OECD/Michael Dean
7 June 2017 - OECD Forum 2017 - Stocktaking on Globalisation: Opportunities & Challenges of Economic Integration, OECD Headquarters, Paris, France.
Axel Threlfall, Editor-at-Large, Reuters
Photo: OECD/Hervé Cortinat
The Somnath temple located in Prabhas Patan near Veraval in Saurashtra on the western coast of Gujarat, India, is the first among the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines of Shiva. It is an important pilgrimage and tourist spot. The temple is considered sacred due to the various legends connected to it. Somnath means "Lord of the Soma", an epithet of Shiva.
The Somnath temple is known as "the Shrine Eternal". This legendary temple has been destroyed and rebuilt several times by Islamic kings and Hindu kings respectively. Most recently it was rebuilt in November 1947, when Vallabhbhai Patel visited the area for the integration of Junagadh and mooted a plan for restoration. After Patel's death, the rebuilding continued under Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi, another minister of the Government of India.
The temple is open daily from 6AM to 9PM. There are 3 aarti daily; in the morning at 07:00, at 12:00 and in the evening at 19:00.
It is also believed that nearby Bhalka is the place where Krishna ended his lila on earth and left for his heavenly abode.
JYOTIRLINGA
The Shiva linga in Somnath is believed to be one of the 12 jyotirlingas in India, where Shiva appeared as a fiery column of light. The jyotirlingas are taken as the supreme, undivided reality out of which Shiva partly appears.
The jyotirlinga shrines are the places where Shiva is believed to have appeared as a fiery column of light.[5][6] Originally there are believed to have been 64 jyotirlingas and 12 of them were considered to be very auspicious and holy.
Each of the twelve jyotirlinga sites take the name of a different manifestation of Shiva. At all these sites, the primary image is a lingam representing the beginningless and endless stambha pillar, symbolizing the infinite nature of Shiva. Even though there are believed to have been 64 jyotirlingas, twelve of them are considered to be very auspicious. In addition to the one at Somanath, the others are at Varanasi, Rameswaram, Dwarka etc.
HISTORY
The site of Somnath has been a pilgrimage site from ancient times on account of being a triveni sangam (the joining of three rivers — Kapila, Hiran and the mythical Sarasvati River). Soma, the Moon god, is believed to have lost his lustre due to a curse, and he bathed in the Sarasvati River at this site to regain it. The result is the waxing and waning of the moon, no doubt an allusion to the waxing and waning of the tides at this sea shore location. The name of the town Prabhas, meaning lustre, as well as the alternative names Someshvar and Somanath ("lord of the moon" or "moon god") arise from this tradition.
HISTORY OF THE TEMPLE
According to popular tradition documented by J. Gordon Melton, the first Siva temple at Somanath is believed to have been built at some unknown time in the past. The second temple was said to be built at the same site by the Seuna kings of Vallabhi around 649 CE. In 725 CE, Al-Junayd, the Arab governor of Sindh is said to have destroyed the second temple as part of his invasions of Gujarat and Rajasthan. The Gurjara-Pratihara king Nagabhata II is said to have constructed the third temple in 815 CE, a large structure of red sandstone.
There is no historical record of an attack on Somnath by Al-Junayd. However, Nagabhata II is known to have visited tirthas in Saurashtra, including Someshvara (the Lord of the Moon) at Somnath, which may or may not be a reference to a Siva temple. The Solanki king Mularaja possibly built the first temple at the site sometime before 997 CE, even though some historians believe that he may have renovated a smaller earlier temple.
Somnath temple, 1869
In 1024, during the reign of Bhimdev I, the prominent Afghan ruler Mahmud of Ghazni raided Gujarat, plundering the Somnath temple and breaking its jyotirlinga. He took away a booty of 20 million dinars. Historians expect the damage to the temple to have been minimal because there are records to pilgrimages to the temple in 1038, which make no mention of any damage to the temple. However, powerful legends with intricate detail had developed regarding Mahmud's raid in the Turko-Persian literature, which "electrified" the Muslim world according to scholar Meenakshi Jain.
The prior temple appears to have been a wooden structure which decayed in time (kalajirnam) and Kumarpal (r. 1143-72) rebuilt it in "excellent stone and studded it with jewels," according to an inscription in 1169.
In 1299, Alauddin Khilji's army under the leadership of Ulugh Khan defeated Karandev II of the Vaghela dynasty, and sacked the Somnath temple. According to Taj-ul-Ma'sir of Hasan Nizami, the Sultan boasted that "fifty thousand infidels were dispatched to hell by the sword" and "more than twenty thousand slaves, and cattle beyond all calculation fell into the hands of the victors."
The temple was rebuilt by Mahipala Deva, the Chudasama king of Saurashtra in 1308 and the Linga was installed by his son Khengar sometime between 1326 and 1351. In 1395, the temple was destroyed for the third time by Zafar Khan, the last governor of Gujarat under the Delhi Sultanate. In 1451, it was desecrated by Mahmud Begada, the Sultan of Gujarat.
In 1546, the Portuguese, based in Goa, attacked ports and towns in Gujarat including Somnath and destroyed several temples and mosques.
By 1665, the temple, one of many, was once again ordered destroyed by Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. In 1702, he ordered that if Hindus had revived worship there, it should be demolished completely.
Later the temple was rebuilt to its same glory adjacent to the ruined one by the joint efforts of the Marathas including the Peshwa of Pune, Raja Bhonsle of Nagpur, Chhatrapati Bhonsle of Kolhapur, Queen Ahilyabai Holkar of Indore & Shrimant Patilbuwa Shinde of Gwalior rebuilt the temple in 1783 at a site adjacent to the ruined temple.
'Proclamation of the Gates' Incident during the British raj
In 1782-83 AD, Maratha king Mahadaji Shinde, victoriously brought back the Three Silver Gates from Lahore after defeating Muhammad Shah of Lahore. After refusal from Pundits of Guzrath and the then ruler Gaekwad to put them back on Somnath temple, these silver gates were placed in the temples of Ujjain. Today they can be seen in two temples of India, Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga and Gopal Mandir of Ujjain.
In 1842, Edward Law, 1st Earl of Ellenborough issued his famous Proclamation of the Gates, in which he ordered the British army in Afghanistan to return via Ghazni and bring back to India the sandalwood gates from the tomb of Mahmud of Ghazni in Ghazni, Afghanistan. These were believed to have been taken by Mahmud from Somnath. There was a debate in the House of Commons in London in 1843 on the question of the gates of the Somanatha temple. After much crossfire between the British Government and the opposition, the gates were uprooted and brought back in triumph. But on arrival, they were found to be replicas of the original. They were placed in a store-room in the Agra Fort where they still lie to the present day.
In the 19th century novel The Moonstone by Wilkie Collins, the diamond of the title is presumed to have been stolen from the temple at Somnath and, according to the historian Romila Thapar, reflects the interest aroused in Britain by the gates.
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE SOMNATH TEMPLE
Before independence, Prabhas Patan was part of the princely state of Junagadh, whose ruler had acceded to Pakistan in 1947. After India refused to accept his decision, the state was made a part of India and Deputy Prime Minister Patel came to Junagadh on 12 November 1947 to direct the stabilization of the state by the Indian Army and at the same time ordered the reconstruction of the Somanath temple.
When Patel, K. M. Munshi and other leaders of the Congress went to Mahatma Gandhi with their proposal to reconstruct the Somnath temple, Gandhi blessed the move, but suggested that the funds for the construction should be collected from the public and the temple should not be funded by the state. He expressed that he was proud to associate himself to the project of renovation of the temple However, soon both Gandhi and Sardar Patel died and the task of reconstruction of the temple continued under Munshi, who was the Minister for Food and Civil Supplies in the Nehru Government.
The ruins were pulled down in October 1950 and the mosque present at that site was shifted few kilometres away. In May 1951, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, the first President of the Republic of India, invited by K M Munshi, performed the installation ceremony for the temple. The President said in his address, "It is my view that the reconstruction of the Somnath Temple will be complete on that day when not only a magnificent edifice will arise on this foundation, but the mansion of India's prosperity will be really that prosperity of which the ancient temple of Somnath was a symbol.". He added "The Somnath temple signifies that the power of reconstruction is always greater than the power of destruction"
ARCHITECTURE OF THE PRESENT TEMPLE
The present temple is built in the Chalukya style of temple architecture or "Kailash Mahameru Prasad" style and reflects the skill of the Sompura Salats, one of Gujarat's master masons. The temple's śikhara, or main spire, is 15 metres in height, and it has an 8.2-metre tall flag pole at the top.
The temple is situated at such a place that there is no land in a straight line between Somnath seashore until Antarctica, such an inscription in Sanskrit is found on the Bāṇastambha (Sanskrit: बाणस्तम्भ, lit. arrow pillar) erected on the sea-protection wall. The Bāṇastambha mentions that it stands at a point on the Indian landmass that is the first point on land in the north to the South Pole at that particular longitude.
WIKIPEDIA
In this section of the Mezquita, just behind the altar of the Christian cathedral, you can see how the two building styles are blended together, with the striped arches of the mosque supporting the vaulted ceilings of the cathedral.
The integration of video games into computers was the reason people started to invest in personal computers.
PACIFIC OCEAN (Sep. 16, 2014) The Lewis and Clark-class dry cargo ship USNS Cesar Chavez (T-AKE 14) fires a target drone during Exercise Valiant Shield 2014. Cruisers and destroyers from Commander, Task Forces 70 and 73 participating in Valiant Shield conducted a missile exercise to hone their ability to successfully engage airborne threats simulated by unmanned target drones. Valiant Shield is a U.S.-only exercise integrating an estimated 18,000 U.S. Navy, Air Force, Army, and Marine Crops personnel, more than 200 aircraft and 19 surface ships, offering real-world joint operational experience to develop capabilities that provide a full range of options to defend U.S. interests and those of its allies and partners. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Declan Barnes/Released)
DAVOS/SWITZERLAND, 21JAN16 - View of the participants during the informal dialogue 'Integrating Refugees' at the Annual Meeting 2016 of the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, January 21, 2016.
WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM/swiss-image.ch/Photo Valeriano Di Domenico
Inside Goddard's Network Integration Center, where employees worked around-the-clock during every shuttle mission to guarantee constant, uninterrupted lines of communication for astronauts with Mission Control in Houston. NIC employees aided in this effort for the last time with the space shuttle during Atlantis's final landing on July 21, 2011.
Credit: NASA/GSFC/Debbie McCallum
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission.
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Dad with another tanker. The 72nd Tank Battalion was an all-white unit until the fall of 1951, after which black soldiers were integrated into the ranks.
Reminded me of a diagram one might draw to explain the concept of integration (as in a cool way of finding the area under a curve). Maths is beautiful - that's my story and I'm sticking to it.
PNNL's Power Grid Integrator has demonstrated up to a 50 percent improvement in forecasting future electricity needs over several commonly used tools. Project lead Luke Gosink, right, consults on the use of the new tool, which could save millions in wasted electricity costs.
Terms of Use: Our images are freely and publicly available for use with the credit line, "Courtesy of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory." Please use provided caption information for use in appropriate context.
Located at the corner of Bayswater and Somerset W. How is it possible to walk by a building and never really notice it? Very easy,
He believes no call can be missed. I rarely have my phone on me, and if I do, it is set on vibrate. In fact, I've never heard what my ringtone sounds like.
I was recently honored to be asked to speak at the Adweek 10th Anniversary Event in New York City! :) with Cheryl Shuman & Aimee Shuman Founders of www.BeverlyHillsCannabisClub.com
I'm so proud to be working with women to educate mainstream media about the benefits of cannabis. The past few weeks have been amazing. Today we filmed in the medical marijuana gardens here with the staff and videographer and photographers.If you like what you see and hear, join our private social network, www.BeverlyHillsCannabisClub.com
I wanted to share my photo & video diaries with you. As you all know, I recently signed with William Morris Endeavor to develop a reality series evolving around my work in the movement and in building my companies etc. I love sharing these video diaries from behind the scenes of day to day business. I believe that the real life day to day business in the cannabis world is far more interesting than most reality series I see on TV currently :) If you would like to see the REAL people behind the scenes of this movement to be a part of the series instead of using actors, then please support us in our vision. Please share everywhere. Some supportive comments would be great also. Let's make sure we have a lot of positive support out there in the mainstream and take this viral :) Marijuana is safer than alcohol!!!! Spread the word! :) Please share, like, comment, G+, tweet etc :)
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Please support "Marijuana Moms" Women Who Prefer Cannabis Over Alcohol (It takes courage to be on the front lines of the drug war :) I hope that you'll check out my most recent media appearances :) :
About Cheryl Shuman:
Tom Cruise, Steven Tyler, Julia Roberts, Madonna, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Mike Myers, Elijah Wood, Lindsay Lohan, Fergie, Will.i.am and Michael Jackson are just a few of the names you'll find scrolling through the client files during the 25 year career of Cheryl Shuman. Known as the "Martha Stewart of Marijuana," Cheryl Shuman announces the formation of Green Asset International Inc.. Shuman brings decades of experience working with media, celebrities, marketing and health care in Beverly Hills. Shuman found her passion in the cannabis movement since 1996 working as an activist and legal cannabis patient. Since using cannabis therapy, she has survived cancer and injuries from two car crashes.
Shuman was the founder of Beverly Hills NORML producing the largest cannabis convention on earth known as KUSHCon. As the face of KUSH Magazine, Cheryl Shuman was a founding member of the NCIA, National Cannabis Industry Association. Shuman transformed her non-profit career into a thriving profitable media enterprise.
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Thanks everyone! Let's make history together!!!
Much love and Respect, Thanks all!
Cheryl Shuman
#BlackoutCurtains - Functions offered in grey blackout curtains are considered to be easier for us to get a very good interior appearance. In fact, we can also determine some customized integration through the entire color selection. This will certainly make an impression and comfort of some parts will help us be...
U.S. Mission to the United Nations: Remarks At a Security Council Briefing on Afghanistan
Thank you Mr. President. Foreign Minister Rassoul, welcome back and thank you for your remarks. Special Representative Kubis, thank you again for all you do and for your briefing. And I want to extend, through you, again, our thanks to the staff of UNAMA and the whole country team for your dedicated work under very difficult circumstances.
Mr. President, since we last met, the international community has further demonstrated its commitment to the Afghan people beyond 2014. As recent events have shown, the transition is on track and our commitment to Afghanistan is enduring.
On July 7, President Obama officially designated Afghanistan a major non-NATO ally of the United States. This is a powerful symbol of our commitment to Afghanistan’s future.
Afghanistan and its international partners have charted a responsible transition, which will transfer full responsibility for security back to Afghanistan. The Afghan National Security Forces continue to grow in size and capability. The ANSF remains on track to reach 352,000 personnel later this year. Two-thirds of all of those who serve in uniform defending Afghanistan are now Afghans, and over half of the Afghan population is protected by a predominantly Afghan force. We look forward to full implementation of tranche three of the transition later this year, at which point 75 percent of the Afghan population, including every provincial capital, will be in the transition process. As pledged at the NATO Summit in Chicago in May, the international community will support the ANSF beyond 2014.
While we applaud these developments, we recognize that many challenges remain, including so-called insider attacks. The reasons for these attacks vary, but we are working closely with the Government of Afghanistan on a range of measures to stop them. We have not and will not allow these attacks to undermine international efforts to strengthen the Afghan National Security Forces and put them increasingly in the lead.
We know Afghanistan’s security depends not only on strong, capable security forces, but also on the Afghan people’s access to economic opportunity and on whether they believe their government is effectively serving their needs. The international community’s total pledges in Tokyo of $16 billion in economic assistance through 2015 meet the World Bank’s estimate of Afghanistan’s requirements, just as Chicago met its security requirements. This assistance will help Afghanistan to attract private sector investment and help usher in a Transformation Decade marked less by aid and more by trade – all in a framework of mutual accountability and shared responsibility. We welcome President Karzai’s decree last month aimed at tackling corruption in Afghanistan’s institutions and his recent comments on reforming the justice sector. Both are necessary to strengthen the rule of law and attract more trade and investment. Nothing offers a more credible alternative to insurgency than the jobs and opportunities that accompany foreign investment and the expansion of markets.
As Afghanistan develops, we see it at the center of a region whose integration will bring greater prosperity for Afghans and their neighbors. This New Silk Road is already emerging. Electricity from Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan is powering Afghan businesses. Trains are running on a new rail line from the Uzbek border to Mazar-e-Sharif. The TAPI pipeline could one day ship billions of dollars worth of natural gas from Central Asia across Afghanistan to South Asia. The help of Afghanistan’s neighbors and near-neighbors is necessary for Afghanistan to become secure, stable, and prosperous. We are pleased to see this vision beginning to come to fruition through the Istanbul Process and various regional and trade agreements.
To be sustainable, improved security and greater economic development must rest on a foundation of good governance. Credible and broadly inclusive elections in 2014 and 2015 will bolster the legitimacy of the government in Kabul, vest Afghans in its success and send a message to all Afghan factions that their interests are better advanced through political participation rather than violence. The protection of the rights of Afghan women is essential to Afghanistan’s future. We strongly condemn all violence
NASA Network Director Jim Bangerter(on right) and the HTSI Network Manager Melissa Blizzard (on left) oversee the Network Integration Center operations during recent shuttle mission.
Credit: NASA/GSFC/Rebecca Roth
The Riva Team has been in San Francisco all week for our BIGGEST event of the year – Dreamforce!
Dreamforce was host to 135,000 people from 91 countries around the world. There were over 2K speakers, 1450 breakout sessions, 400+ exhibitors, 5M online viewers, 20 live concerts, 5K gallons of coffee, and 1M meals donated. Dreamforce is the largest cloud computing event on the planet and Riva CRM Integration is proud to be a sponsor for the fourth year in a row.
Keynote speakers:
- Marc Benioff, CEO, salesforce.com
- Hillary Rodham Clinton, Former Secretary of State
- Al Gore, 45th Vice President of the United States
- Tony Robbins, Entrepreneur and Author
- Marc Andreesen, Co-founder, Andreesen Horowitz
- Will.i.am, Musician, Entrepreneur, Philanthropist
- Neil Young, Musician
- Reid Hoffman, Entrepreneur, Investor
- Jeremy Stoppelman, CEO, Yelp
- Eckhart Tolle, Author
- Hadi Partovi, Co-founder, Code.org
- Klaus Schwab, Founder, World Economic Forum
- Arianna Huffington, President, Huffington Post
- Tony Prophet, Corporate VP, Microsoft Windows Marketing
- Steve Jurvetson, Partner, DFJ
- And others...
Two new team members joined us at Dreamforce – our new Regional Sales Manager in Nashville, TN, and our new Content Marketing Manager from Irvine, CA. We demonstrated Riva Insight for the first time, our new Outlook and IBM Notes side panel that provides advanced Salesforce integration capabilities and other customer insight.
Our best-of-class, server-to-server integrations for Salesforce and four corporate email platforms (Exchange, Office 365, IBM Notes, and GroupWise) were very well received. Riva delivers the best, most reliable, and most robust integration platform for CRM and email systems.
Dreamforce is our favorite event of the year. It's fantastic from a business perspective and we always come away feeling inspired and invigorated.
View Dreamforce videos here:
www.youtube.com/user/dreamforce
Learn more about Riva CRM Integration, the leader in CRM and email integration on the Salesforce AppExchange or on our website: