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Ethiopia is one of the oldest Christian states in the world. The Entoto Maryam Church is probably the oldest building in use in the vicinity of Addis Ababa; it was full of active worshippers taking part in a wedding celebration when I visited.
For the story, please visit: www.ursulasweeklywanders.com/travel/addis-ababa-in-the-cr...
The main environmental issues associated with the implementation of the 5G network come with the manufacturing of the many component parts of the 5G infrastructure. In addition, the proliferation of new devices that will use the 5G network that is tied to the acceleration of demand from consumers for new 5G-dependent devices will have serious environmental consequences. The 5G network will inevitably cause a large increase in energy usage among consumers, which is already one of the main contributors to climate change. Additionally, the manufacturing and maintenance of the new technologies associated with 5G creates waste and uses important resources that have detrimental consequences for the environment. 5G networks use technology that has harmful effects on birds, which in turn has cascading effects through entire ecosystems. And, while 5G developers are seeking to create a network that has fewer environmental impacts than past networks, there is still room for improvement and the consequences of 5G should be considered before it is widely rolled out. 5G stands for the fifth generation of wireless technology. It is the wave of wireless technology surpassing the 4G network that is used now. Previous generations brought the first cell phones (1G), text messaging (2G), online capabilities (3G), and faster speed (4G). The fifth generation aims to increase the speed of data movement, be more responsive, and allow for greater connectivity of devices simultaneously.[2] This means that 5G will allow for nearly instantaneous downloading of data that, with the current network, would take hours. For example, downloading a movie using 5G would take mere seconds. These new improvements will allow for self-driving cars, massive expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) device use, and acceleration of new technological advancements used in everyday activities by a much wider range of people. While 5G is not fully developed, it is expected to consist of at least five new technologies that allow it to perform much more complicated tasks at faster speeds. The new technologies 5G will use are hardware that works with much higher frequencies (millimeter wavelengths), small cells, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output), beamforming, and full duplex.[3] Working together, these new technologies will expand the potential of many of the devices used today and devices being developed for the future. Millimeter waves are a higher frequency wavelength than the radio wavelength generally used in wireless transmission today.[4] The use of this portion of the spectrum corresponds to higher frequency and shorter wavelengths, in this case in the millimeter range (vs the lower radio frequencies where the wavelengths can be in the meters to hundreds of kilometers). Higher frequency waves allow for more devices to be connected to the same network at the same time, because there is more space available compared to the radio waves that are used today. The use of this portion of the spectrum has much longer wavelengths than of that anticipated for a portion of the 5G implementation. The waves in use now can measure up to tens of centimeters, while the new 5G waves would be no greater than ten millimeters.[5] The millimeter waves will create more transmission space for the ever-expanding number of people and devices crowding the current networks. The millimeter waves will create more space for devices to be used by consumers, which will increase energy usage, subsequently leading to increased global warming. Millimeter waves are very weak in their ability to connect two devices, which is why 5G needs something called “small cells” to give full, uninterrupted coverage. Small cells are essentially miniature cell towers that would be placed 250 meters apart throughout cities and other areas needing coverage.[6] The small cells are necessary as emissions [or signals] at this higher frequency/shorter wavelength have more difficulty passing through solid objects and are even easily intercepted by rain.[7] The small cells could be placed on anything from trees to street lights to the sides of businesses and homes to maximize connection and limit “dead zones” (areas where connections are lost). The next new piece of technology necessary for 5G is massive MIMO, which stands for multiple input multiple output. The MIMO describes the capacity of 5G’s base stations, because those base stations would be able to handle a much higher amount of data at any one moment of time. Currently, 4G base stations have around eight transmitters and four receivers which direct the flow of data between devices.[9] 5G will exceed this capacity with the use of massive MIMO that can handle 22 times more ports. Figure 1 shows how a massive MIMO tower would be able to direct a higher number of connections at once. However, massive MIMO causes signals to be crossed more easily. Crossed signals cause an interruption in the transmission of data from one device to the next due to a clashing of the wavelengths as they travel to their respective destinations. To overcome the cross signals problem, beamforming is needed. To maximize the efficiency of sending data another new technology called beamforming will be used in 5G. For data to be sent to the correct user, a way of directing the wavelengths without interference is necessary. This is done through a technique called beamforming. Beamforming directs where exactly data are being sent by using a variety of antennas to organize signals based on certain characteristics, such as the magnitude of the signal. By directly sending signals to where they need to go, beamforming decreases the chances that a signal is dropped due to the interference of a physical object.
One way that 5G will follow through on its promise of faster data transmission is through sending and receiving data simultaneously. The method that allows for simultaneous input and output of data is called full duplexing. While full duplex capabilities allow for faster transmission of data, there is an issue of signal interference, because of echoes. Full duplexing will cut transmission times in half, because it allows for a response to occur as soon as an input is delivered, eliminating the turnaround time that is seen in transmission today. Because these technologies are new and untested, it is hard to say how they will impact our environment. This raises another issue: there are impacts that can be anticipated and predicted, but there are also unanticipated impacts because much of the new technologies are untested. Nevertheless, it is possible to anticipate some of detrimental environmental consequences of the new technologies and the 5G network, because we know these technologies will increase exposure to harmful radiation, increase mining of rare minerals, increase waste, and increase energy usage. The main 5G environmental concerns have to do with two of the five new components: the millimeter waves and the small cells. The whole aim of the new 5G network is to allow for more devices to be used by the consumer at faster rates than ever before, because of this goal there will certainly be an increase in energy usage globally. Energy usage is one of the main contributors to climate change today and an increase in energy usage would cause climate change to increase drastically as well. 5G will operate on a higher frequency portion of the spectrum to open new space for more devices. The smaller size of the millimeter waves compared to radio frequency waves allows for more data to be shared more quickly and creates a wide bandwidth that can support much larger tasks.[15] While the idea of more space for devices to be used is great for consumers, this will lead to a spike in energy usage for two reasons – the technology itself is energy demanding and will increase demand for more electronic devices. The ability for more devices to be used on the same network creates more incentive for consumers to buy electronics and use them more often. This will have a harmful impact on the environment through increased energy use. Climate change has several underlying contributors; however, energy usage is gaining attention in its severity with regards to perpetuating climate change. Before 5G has even been released, about 2% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions can be attributed to the ICT industry.[16] While 2% may not seem like a very large portion, it translates to around 860 million tons of greenhouse gas emissions.[17] Greenhouse gas emissions are the main contributors to natural disasters, such as flooding and drought, which are increasing severity and occurrence every year. Currently, roughly 85% of the energy used in the United States can be attributed to fossil fuel consumption.[18] The dwindling availability of fossil fuels and the environmental burden of releasing these fossil fuels into our atmosphere signal an immediate need to shift to other energy sources. Without a shift to other forms of energy production and the addition of technology allowed by the implementation of 5G, the strain on our environment will rise and the damage may never be repaired. With an increase in energy usage through technology and the implementation of 5G, it can be expected that the climate change issues faced today will only increase. The overall contribution of carbon dioxide emissions from the ICT industry has a huge impact on climate change and will continue to have even larger impacts without proper actions. In a European Union report, researchers estimated that in order to keep the increase in global temperature below 2° Celsius a decrease in carbon emissions of around 15-30% is necessary by 2020. Engineers claim that the small cells used to provide the 5G connection will be energy efficient and powered in a sustainable way; however the maintenance and production of these cells is more of an issue. Supporters of the 5G network advocate that the small cells will use solar or wind energy to stay sustainable and green.[20] These devices, labeled “fuel-cell energy servers” will work as clean energy-based generators for the small cells.[21] While implementing base stations that use sustainable energy to function would be a step in the right direction in environmental conservation, it is not the solution to the main issue caused by 5G, which is the impact that the massive amount of new devices in the hands of consumers will have on the amount of energy required to power these devices. The wasteful nature of manufacturing and maintenance of both individual devices and the devices used to deliver 5G connection could become a major contributor of climate change. The promise of 5G technology is to expand the number of devices functioning might be the most troubling aspect of the new technology. Cell phones, computers, and other everyday devices are manufactured in a way that puts stress on the environment. A report by the EPA estimated that in 2010, 25% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions comes from electricity and heat production making it the largest single source of emissions.[22] The main gas emitted by this sector is carbon dioxide, due to the burning of natural gas, such as coal, to fuel electricity sources.[23] Carbon dioxide is one of the most common greenhouse gases seen in our atmosphere, it traps heat in earth’s atmosphere trying to escape into space, which causes the atmosphere to warm generating climate change. Increased consumption of devices is taking a toll on the environment. As consumers gain access to more technologies the cycle of consumption only expands. As new devices are developed, the older devices are thrown out even if they are still functional. Often, big companies will purposefully change their products in ways that make certain partner devices (such as chargers or earphones) unusable–creating demand for new products. Economic incentives mean that companies will continue these practices in spite of the environmental impacts. One of the main issues with the 5G network and the resulting increase in consumption of technological devices is that the production required for these devices is not sustainable. In the case of making new devices, whether they be new smart-phones or the small cells needed for 5G, the use of nonrenewable metals is required. It is extremely difficult to use metals for manufacturing sustainably, because metals are not a renewable resource. Metals used in the manufacturing of the smart devices frequently used today often cannot be recycled in the same way many household items can be recycled. Because these technologies cannot be recycled, they create tons of waste when they are created and tons of waste when they are thrown away. There are around six billion mobile devices in use today, with this number expected to increase drastically as the global population increases and new devices enter the market. One estimate of the life-time carbon emissions of a single device–not including related accessories and network connection–is that a device produces a total of 45kg of carbon dioxide at a medium level of usage over three years. This amount of emission is comparable to that of driving the average European car for 300km. But, the most environmentally taxing stage of a mobile device life cycle is during the production stage, where around 68% of total carbon emissions is produced, equating to 30kg of carbon dioxide. To put this into perspective, an iPhone X weighs approximately 0.174kg, so in order to produce the actual device, 172 iPhone X’s worth of carbon dioxide is also created. These emissions vary from person to person and between different devices, but it’s possible to estimate the impact one device has on the environment. 5G grants the capacity for more devices to be used, significantly increase the existing carbon footprint of smart devices today. Energy usage for the ever-growing number of devices on the market and in homes is another environmental threat that would be greatly increased by the new capabilities brought by the 5G network. Often, energy forecasts overlook the amount of energy that will be consumed by new technologies, which leads to a skewed understanding of the actual amount of energy expected to be used.[30] One example of this is with IoT devices.[31] IoT is one of the main aspects of 5G people in the technology field are most excited about. 5G will allow for a larger expansion of IoT into the everyday household.[32] While some IoT devices promise lower energy usage abilities, the 50 billion new IoT devices expected to be produced and used by consumers will surpass the energy used by today’s electronics.
The small cells required for the 5G network to properly function causes another issue of waste with the new network. Because of the weak nature of the millimeter waves used in the 5G technology, small cells will need to be placed around 250 meters apart to insure continuous connection. The main issue with these small cells is that the manufacturing and maintenance of these cells will create a lot of waste. The manufacturing of technology takes a large toll on the environment, due to the consumption of non-renewable resources to produce devices, and technology ending up in landfills. Implementing these small cells into large cities where they must be placed at such a high density will have a drastic impact on technology waste. Technology is constantly changing and improving, which is one of the huge reasons it has such high economic value. But, when a technological advancement in small cells happens, the current small cells would have to be replaced. The short lifespan of devices created today makes waste predictable and inevitable. In New York City, where there would have to be at least 3,135,200 small cells, the waste created in just one city when a new advancement in small cells is implemented would have overwhelming consequences on the environment. 5G is just one of many examples of how important it is to look at the consequences of new advancements before their implementation. While it is exciting to see new technology that promises to improve everyday life, the consequences of additional waste and energy usage must be considered to preserve a sustainable environment in the future. There is some evidence that the new devices and technologies associated with 5G will be harmful to delicate ecosystems. The main component of the 5G network that will affect the earth’s ecosystems is the millimeter waves. The millimeter waves that are being used in developing the 5G network have never been used at such scale before. This makes it especially difficult to know how they will impact the environment and certain ecosystems. However, studies have found that there are some harms caused by these new technologies. The millimeter waves, specifically, have been linked to many disturbances in the ecosystems of birds. In a study by the Centre for Environment and Vocational Studies of Punjab University, researchers observed that after exposure to radiation from a cell tower for just 5-30 minutes, the eggs of sparrows were disfigured.[34] The disfiguration of birds exposed for such a short amount of time to these frequencies is significant considering that the new 5G network will have a much higher density of base stations (small cells) throughout areas needing connection. The potential dangers of having so many small cells all over areas where birds live could cause whole populations of birds to have mutations that threaten their population’s survival. Additionally, a study done in Spain showed breeding, nesting, and roosting was negatively affected by microwave radiation emitted by a cell tower. Again, the issue of the increase in the amount of connection conductors in the form of small cells to provide connection with the 5G network is seen to be harmful to species that live around humans. Additionally, Warnke found that cellular devices had a detrimental impact on bees.[36] In this study, beehives exposed for just ten minutes to 900MHz waves fell victim to colony collapse disorder.Colony collapse disorder is when many of the bees living in the hive abandon the hive leaving the queen, the eggs, and a few worker bees. The worker bees exposed to this radiation also had worsened navigational skills, causing them to stop returning to their original hive after about ten days. Bees are an incredibly important part of the earth’s ecosystem. Around one-third of the food produced today is dependent on bees for pollination, making bees are a vital part of the agricultural system. Bees not only provide pollination for the plant-based food we eat, but they are also important to maintaining the food livestock eats. Without bees, a vast majority of the food eaten today would be lost or at the very least highly limited. Climate change has already caused a large decline in the world’s bee population. The impact that the cell towers have on birds and bees is important to understand, because all ecosystems of the earth are interconnected. If one component of an ecosystem is disrupted the whole system will be affected. The disturbances of birds with the cell towers of today would only increase, because with 5G a larger number of small cell radio-tower-like devices would be necessary to ensure high quality connection for users. Having a larger number of high concentrations of these millimeter waves in the form of small cells would cause a wider exposure to bees and birds, and possibly other species that are equally important to our environment.As innovation continues, it is important that big mobile companies around the world consider the impact 5G will have on the environment before pushing to have it widely implemented. The companies pushing for the expansion of 5G may stand to make short term economic gains. While the new network will undoubtedly benefit consumers greatly, looking at 5G’s long-term environmental impacts is also very important so that the risks are clearly understood and articulated. The technology needed to power the new 5G network will inevitably change how mobile devices are used as well as their capabilities. This technological advancement will also change the way technology and the environment interact. The change from using radio waves to using millimeter waves and the new use of small cells in 5G will allow more devices to be used and manufactured, more energy to be used, and have detrimental consequences for important ecosystems. While it is unrealistic to call for 5G to not become the new network norm, companies, governments, and consumers should be proactive and understand the impact that this new technology will have on the environment. 5G developers should carry out Environmental Impact Assessments that fully estimate the impact that the new technology will have on the environment before rushing to widely implement it. Environmental Impact Assessments are intended to assess the impact new technologies have on the environment, while also maximizing potential benefits to the environment. This process mitigates, prevents, and identifies environmental harm, which is imperative to ensuring that the environment is sustainable and sound in the future. Additionally, the method of Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) of devices would also be extremely beneficial for understanding the impact that 5G will inevitably have on the environment. An LCA can be used to assess the impact that devices have on carbon emissions throughout their life span, from the manufacturing of the device to the energy required to power the device and ultimately the waste created when the device is discarded into a landfill or other disposal system. By having full awareness of the impact new technology will have on the environment ways to combat the negative impacts can be developed and implemented effectively.
jsis.washington.edu/news/what-will-5g-mean-for-the-enviro...
This weekend, I made progress on Violet’s Journey, our animated fairy tale featuring Natalina’s art ducks.
These new mockups show what Violet could look like with a beaded skirt and a new pair of wings, against different backgrounds. For this prototype, I mounted an oval plate between her belly and the robot base, then loosely hung some of Natalina's beads, for discussion purposes. I then superimposed my green screen capture of this prototype against some of the nature photos we used for the first storyboard, as well as a simpler backdrop using silhouetted shapes and gradient lighting.
Our first goal for this test is to cover the wheels and robot parts below the duck’s belly, as they seem out of place for a fairy tale. To that end, we plan to create a beaded curtain, using necklaces from Natalina’s treasure trove of jewels.
The second goal is to make Violet more expressive, as the decoy ducks are static and can’t show their feelings very well. To that end, we’re considering giving her new wings that could flap in different ways to show a range of emotions. These wings could be laser cut out of white or translucent acrylic, backlit with neopixels and made to flap gently with a servo motor attached to the oval float.
Lastly, we are experimenting with different background styles, ranging from photo-realistic backdrops to simpler landscapes with painted shapes and lighting. These simple shapes could be cut out on cardboard -- or laser cut on thin wood: I now have tons of vector files to choose from, besides the chinese landscape I used in this test. Both the forest and the cave would seem easy to implement. This first mockup is very flat, but we can add more color and texture over the laser cut shapes, to make them more real.
What do you think? Is it OK that Violet is not floating on water like a normal duck, but hovering over the ground with a beaded skirt and twitchy wings? How do you like the new backdrop idea? I think this could work if we set it up in a magical world, with surreal landscapes not just photo-realistic nature shots.
View more photos of Violet’s Journey and the Wonderbots experiment: bit.ly/wonderbot-photos
Check out our story guide for this work progress:
docs.google.com/document/d/1ceHph_XI-3m1mBk4lpduQ-JgCzGrH...
An excellent view of Space Shuttle mockup "Inspiration" - along with Apollo 14 Command Module "Kitty Hawk" - on display in the Design Engineering Implementation (DEI) room of Rockwell International's Downey plant.
An excellent observation of this particular mockup design, per the "JACQMANS SPACEFLIGHT HISTORY" website:
"As you can see...the mockup still has the original design concept for the OMS engines, i.e. a fairing for the OMS pods extended onto the aft payload bay doors. This design was abandoned very early in the development phase and the pods were designed to be fully self contained and located aft of the payload bay doors. And also the forward RSC thrusters are protected by doors."
Additionally, note the mural behind, and to either side of the orbiter, by Rockwell International’s eminently talented artist, Ted Brown. The work is a larger variant of his masterpiece, “Space Products”, which at one time (but no longer?), was prominently displayed in the Launch Control Center (LCC), Kennedy Space Center (KSC).
Check out all of the other wonderful photos of this particular display configuration:
www.disneylicenseplates.com/RSDSC/RSDSC_DEI_Inspiration.html
Credit: Disney License Plate/Rockwell Space Division Stamp Club website
An excellent reference to the mockup and - to an extent - its history, specifically, page 6:
static1.squarespace.com/static/56c78acd0442626b2590f5ea/t...
Credit: Aerospace Legacy Foundation
See also:
members.tripod.com/airfields_freeman/CA/Downey_CA_undated...
Credit: Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: California: Central Los Angeles Area/Paul Freeman
Along with:
www.angelfire.com/fl/Jacqmans/downey.html
Credit: JACQMANS SPACEFLIGHT HISTORY website
Finally, as is all too often the case, beseeching in order to try to preserve history:
www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/theres-one-more-shuttle-...
Credit: Smithsonian Air & Space website
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Inspiration
Credit: Wikipedia
Kitchen implements on display at the Allis-Bushnell House. The heavy mugs in foreground are actually measures; largest one is 2 quart.
See more tools, utensils and farm equipment at flic.kr/s/aHskTSBiQB.
(Photo credit Bob Gundersen www.flickr.com/photos/bobphoto51/albums).
Historical background
The earliest known implementation of road space rationing took place in Rome, as carriages and carts pulled by horses created serious congestion problems in several Roman cities. In 45 B.C. Julius Caesar declared the center of Rome off-limits between 6 a.m. and 4 p.m. to all vehicles except for carriages transporting priests, officials, visitors, and high ranking citizens.
Road space rationing (Spanish: Restricción vehicular; Portuguese: Rodízio veicular) is a travel demand management strategy aimed to reduce the negative externalities generated by peak urban travel demand in excess of available supply or road capacity, through artificially restricting demand (vehicle travel) by rationing the scarce common good road capacity, especially during the peak periods. This objective is achieved by restricting traffic access into an urban cordon area, city center (CBD), or district based upon the last digits of the license number on pre-established days and during certain periods, usually, the peak hours.
The practical implementation of this traffic restraint policy is common in Latin America, and in many cases, the road rationing has as a main goal the reduction of air pollution, such as the cases of México City, and Santiago, Chile. São Paulo, with a fleet of 6 million vehicles in 2007, is the largest metropolis in the world with such a travel restriction, implemented first in 1996 as measured to mitigate air pollution, and thereafter made permanent in 1997 to relieve traffic congestion. More recent implementations in Costa Rica and Honduras have had the objective of reducing oil consumption, due to the high impact this import has on the economy of small countries, and considering the steep increases in oil prices that began in 2003. Bogotá, Quito, and La Paz, Bolivia also have similar restriction schemes in place. After a temporary implementation of road space rationing to reduce air pollution in the city during the 2008 Summer Olympics, Beijing has implemented several rationing schemes to improve the city's air quality.
~~Wikipedia
Lighted Farm Implement Parade, Sunnyside, Washington. I am pleasantly surprised how sharp these night photos are considering these shots are hand held and mostly shot at 1/30 and slower shutter speed. IMG_1053
Don't harness the nags to this wagon if you owe money all around town; they will see you coming! It looks like it was last used in a circus. Not much light and a terrific range of light with not much fill but it looks like this place harbors pigeons. I worked to get this monopod shot at this speed. The second wagon looks like it might have hauled seed or grain. They also stashed some hay for the animals in the shed.
Not knowing that there was to be an "Event" out at the McIntosh/Lohr Agricultural Museum, I headed out Sunday to grab a couple of fill-in photos for a set. Among the events was a sheep herding demonstration using an Australian sheep dog, another was hayseed rides for the folks. A couple of dandy Belgians hauled the hitch up. Over at the corrals were several animals for studying. The museum is probably under-utilized though. It would be great if the kids could see some of the horse drawn farming implements in use. This is also a great place for a weekend stroll and a sandwich with the kids. We took advantage of this day near McIntosh Lake Park at the ag museum from where we later accessed the lake loop. The entire path loops around the lake and is 3.5 miles. It looks like the day might be cut short. Lake Shore Drive is in town while the far west side is just out of town. The north lake pavilion area on Mariner Drive was packed with picnic goers and partiers on the week end. There was still plenty of space for the town folk to settle in for a spell. Boy, Longmonters sure use their parks!
I'm all about skies but this is an undefined sky. Lately, we have been sending more powerful storms to Nebraska and Kansas in the hopes that they might someday be able to wrap their minds around global warming. We just experienced the warmest May on record. Even orange man Boner is claiming that he is not a scientist. I beleive what he says; he doesn't even understand the effects of loads of alcohol on the human body! Recently we have been graced with typical June skies, so I am trying to take advantage of them as I can. Today, the lighting is already getting soft. Today, served up more clouding and a promise of more 80s. We might be creeping up on 90s but they should be in August. More runoff could be a disaster and everyone has an eye on the streams. See if you can detect the climate changes around your locale. I am choosing to edit and I am spending extra time on the best of the captures considering today's skies. I was just in time to shoot on that day. The windmill might have some work to do later on. I scored some tripod shots out here some time ago but I am here for a walk with my camera with the monopod.
The farm/museum is part way between Largemont and Hygiene, Colorado on state highway #66. I created a Photo Set for the McIntosh/Lohr Agricultural Museum.
Anne Finucane, Vice-Chairman, Bank of America, USA, Lutfey Siddiqi, Visiting Professor-in-Practice, London School of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom; Young Global Leader, Anne Ackerley, Head, Retirement Group, BlackRock, USA and Sonja Haut, Head, Strategic Measurement and Materiality, Novartis, Switzerlandspeaking during the Session "Implementing Stakeholder Capitalism 2" at the World Economic Forum, Annual Meeting of the Global Future Councils 2019. Copyright by World Economic Forum / Benedikt von Loebell
A farm on the Missouri River bottoms near Huntsdale in Boone County Missouri Notley Hawkins Photography.
©Notley Hawkins
View of various antique farm implements exhibited inside this historic c.1780 barn. Old Stone Fort Museum, Schoharie, New York.
Signature Ceremony of PLATO Spacecraft Implementation Contract.
L to R: Kurt Melching, Chief Financial Officer OHB System AG, Marco Fuchs, Chief Executive Officer OHB System AG, Jan Wörner, ESA Director General.
Credits: ESA - Philippe Sebirot
The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) continues to implement precautions in response to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). New York City Transit, MTA Bus, Access-A-Ride, Long Island Rail Road and Metro-North are significantly increasing the frequency and intensity of sanitizing procedures at each of its stations and on its full fleet of rolling stock. Trains, cars and buses will experience daily cleanings with the MTA’s full fleet undergoing sanitation every 72 hours. Frequently used surfaces in stations, such as turnstiles, MetroCard and ticket vending machines, and handrails, will be disinfected daily.
Photo: Patrick Cashin / MTA New York City Transit
An abandoned farm implement near Overton in Cooper County Missouri by Notley Hawkins Photography. Taken with a Canon EOS 5D Mark III camera with a EF16-35mm f/4L IS USM lens at f.4.0 with a .5 second exposure at ISO 800 along with three Quantum Qflash Trios with red, green and blue gels. Processed with Adobe Lightroom 6.4.
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©Notley Hawkins
A rural farm under a cloudy moonlit sky near McBaine in Boone County Missouri by Notley Hawkins Photography. Taken on a cool August summer's evening with a Canon EOS 5D Mark III camera with a EF16-35mm f/2.8L USM lens. Colored gels were used with an exposure of 120 seconds.
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©Notley Hawkins
Finished implementing EXIF View for Darkrume darkrume.com/
It was 2 weeks of dealing with Data I've never worked with before, and feels like I've barely scratched the surface.
In Nepal, the Rural Women's Economic Empowerment Joint Programme, implemented by UN Women, Food and Agriculture Organization, International Fund for Agricultural Development and World Food Programme, and funded by a consortium of donors seeks to improve women farmers’ agricultural production and income, but also changed gender-discriminatory attitudes of their male counterparts.
Rural women form a large proportion of the agricultural labour force in Nepal and play a vital yet unrecognized role in agriculture that sustains nearly 80 percent of the population. Perceived mainly as care givers, their work in farming is largely undervalued. Women farmers are often paid less than men for the same work, and lack access to resources and markets due to discriminatory attitudes. However, since the launch of the Joint Programme, a new narrative is unfolding across the villages of Rauthat and Sindhuli districts.
As more Nepalese men migrate abroad to find work, an increasing number of rural women are taking up farming. By improving women’s agricultural production, access to markets and leadership skills, the programme has increased their income, food security and independence.
Pictured: Chandra Kala Thapa along with her husband Bir Bahadur Thapa keep track of income from the sale of recently-harvested eggplant. With support from the Joint Programme, Chandra converted her field from grain production to high-value vegetables such as eggplant.
Photo: UN Women/Narendra Shrestha
Read More: www.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2017/2/feature-women-farm...
Inside the old store at Bannack, there are an amazing assortment of implements used back in the day.
Each one had a purpose and tells a story.
Very poignant in my opinion.
Anne Ackerley, Head, Retirement Group, BlackRock, USA speaking during the Session "Implementing Stakeholder Capitalism 2" at the World Economic Forum, Annual Meeting of the Global Future Councils 2019. Copyright by World Economic Forum / Benedikt von Loebell
A rural farm under a cloudy moonlit sky near McBaine in Boone County Missouri by Notley Hawkins Photography. Taken on a cool August summer's evening with a Canon EOS 5D Mark III camera with a EF16-35mm f/2.8L USM lens. Colored gels were used with an exposure of 128 seconds.
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©Notley Hawkins
Colombia, 2022.
The Peace Agreement in Colombia, signed in 2016 between the Government and the guerrilla group FARC-EP, put an end to the longest war in Latin America.
Six years later, more than 13,000 ex-combatants, a third of which are women, continue to face daily challenges resulting from their reintegration into civil life. The country's new government has generated momentum both domestically and internationally towards the reactivation of the women, peace and security agenda, emphasizing the importance of the reintegration process to achieve a stable peace.
Since its inception, the Peace Agreement has included a gender approach as an indispensable condition for its implementation. Women ex-combatants have enthusiastically embraced new roles as mothers, entrepreneurs, students, citizens and political leaders. However, their lives are still full of challenges related to their physical, legal and political security; educational and economic opportunities; and access to specialized health services, among others. These conditions are key for a successful reintegration.
UN Women, together with governmental and civil society actors, supports this process with actions that strengthen women's citizenship, political leadership and economic empowerment, as well as prevent gender violence and build new masculinities among male ex-combatants. Nearly 3,000 women in 11 regions of the country benefit from these programs, allowing them to strengthen their role as peacebuilders.
Pictured: Marinelly Hernandez and her partner Javier, both former FARC guerrilla fighters, are now in process of reintegration into civilian life. They started dating right before the Peace Agreement in Colombia was signed and they moved together to Pondores.
Photo: UN Women/Pedro Pio
Read More: www.unwomen.org/en/news-stories/video/2022/10/the-reinteg...
Wekewauban House Wayville now Parkin Wesley Retirement home.
This fine colonial home was built around 1900 for Richard Henry White a manager of Harris Scarfe department store. His wife named it Wekewauban meaning “house of light” from a North American Indian word. She and her husband were Methodists. Richard White was born in Cornwall in 1854 and migrated to South Australia around 1874. In 1878 he joined the staff of Harris Scarfe department store and within a short time (1885) he was the manager of one of their subsidiary companies the Australasian Implement Company which produced machinery for farmers. White was a generous man and at the urging of his wife Emily White they donated Wekewauban House to the Chapman Alexander Bible Institute in 1922. But they had founded the institute in SA and let it use Wekewauban from 1912 when the inaugural meeting of the Chapman Alexander Bible Institute was held in Wekewauban. The house was built of freestone in federation style. It is built into the banks of Brownhill Creek with a downstairs semi basement area with fine red brick arches with sandstone keystones. The façade has two bay windows with enclosing verandas and the roof has a round widow’s lookout with a spire in Queen Anne style. Richard Henry White died in 1929 and his estate was valued at £19,400 for probate. He also left property to the value of £14,500 outside of South Australia. A major legatee was his wife as they had no children. He also left a small donation to the Port Adelaide Central Methodist Mission. The bulk of his estate was left to the Wesley College and to a White Scholarship fund for that college. Emily White died in 1939.
In 1926 the Chapman Alexander Bible Institute incorporated with the Methodist Church and transferred the property to them for use as a theological college. The Wesley College theological college of Brighton transferred its students to Wekewauban House in May 1927. An alliance was then made with the Parkin Theological College run by the Congregational Church in 1930. From 1950 the Wesley College began sharing staff and resources with the Baptist theological college of Northgate Street Unley. In 1968 the college became the Parkin Wesley College for the training of Congregational and Methodist ministers. In the 1990s Parkin Wesley College closed as it amalgamated with all the churches of South Australia to form an ecumenical theological college affiliated with Flinders University. The former Wekewauban House then became a Uniting Church retirement village.
Charles Alexander of Tennessee formed a partnership with John Chapman of Indiana in 1907 to take evangelism into the streets of the world. The pair toured Australia in 1909 and after their Australian tour of 1918 Mrs White decided eventually donate her house to them. The Alexander Chapman Bible Institute only operated from 1912 to 1926 at Wekewauban House. The house was made over to the Chapman Alexander Bible Institute in 1922. John Chapman died in 1918 after the world tour and Charles Alexander died in 1920.
Back over at the McIntosh/Lohr Agricultural Museum, we wandered out past the implement shed and found some more implement shots. There are always people walking the loop south of here but I am here to learn something of our industrious pioneers. This was a horse drawn two-row seeder but it might soon disappear under the weeds. The canisters held the seeds and discs needed to be selected for the size of the seed. There is a chain, driven by the axle that turns the seed dropping mechanism. The Mac Ag Museum is accessible from the north-west side of the path around McIntosh Lake Park. Both are great places for a Weekend stroll and a sandwich. We took advantage of this day around McIntosh Lake Park at the ag museum from where we later accessed the lake loop. The entire path loops around the lake and is 3.5 miles. The sky warns us that the day might be cut short. Lake Shore Drive is in town while the far west side is just out of town. The north side lake pavilion area on Mariner Drive was packed with picnic goers and partiers on the week end. There was still plenty of space for the town folk to settle in for a spell. Boy, Longmonters sure use their parks!
This is the McIntosh-Lohr Farm Agricultural Museum on Highway #66, (not the same as Route #66). The property is north of the McIntosh Lake Park. Recently we have been graced with Typical June skies, so I am trying to take advantage of them. The lighting is already going. Today served up more clouding and a promise of more 80s. We might be creeping up on 90s but they should be in August. The runoff could be a disaster even though that ought to be in later June. See if you can detect the climate changes around your local. I am choosing to edit and I am spending extra time on the best of the captures considering these abundant skies. I was just in time for the sky on that day. I scored shots out here some time ago but I am here for a walk.
The farm/museum is part way between Largemont and Hygiene, Colorado on state highway #66. I created a Photo Set for the McIntosh/Lohr Agricultural Museum.
Our youth mentors and entrepreneurs are themselves responsible for the development and implementation of the Hummingbird Programme. They find their drive and willpower from knowing that they can help change the tragic social reality in Brazil through their own concrete actions. Their fuel is the smiles on the faces of the children receiving their attention, like the young girl above.
How could they possibly resist such a charming invitation?
Today was the beginning of a new development in the Hummingbird Project called Beija-Flor na Comunidade (Hummingbird in the Community), which literally means we are taking Hummingbird to the community instead of the community coming to us. In other words, Hummingbird is spreading its wings!
These images are from today's activities, which finished only a few hours ago. Tomorrow we will be in a different locality, in a different community.
The programme is part of a new strategy being developed by our youth mentors to get a preliminary feel in connection with their objectives to implant small Hummingbird nuclei in the more distant parts of our community, thus bringing our activities to the poorest kids who have no means of reaching our main centre.
The first community to receive some of Hummingbird’s vibrant activities was the Sitio Joaninha, which is a rough hilly area about 6 kilometres away from us, where many of the families who used to work on the rubbish tip live. The tip was closed down a few years ago and the area covered with topsoil so as to recuperate some of the natural vegetation.
Most of the shanty homes were constructed during the active years of the tip, when entire families found their livelihoods under the most unhealthy and hazardous working conditions. Since its closure there has been very few alternatives in the way of work and habitation, so very few have been able to move to better conditions. To the contrary; the area has rapidly grown to accommodate even more poverty-stricken families who have no other alternative than to grab a small plot of land and try to survive on what little is available in terms of public amenities in such places.
The majority of homes have no running water and depend on the council delivering drinking water by truck each day. Electricity is acquired through a series of illegal connections, which people have hooked-up to the main electricity network through a maze of literally thousands of metres of wiring crossing the landscape in all directions in order to bring power to one’s home.
This is quite common during the rapid growth of favela (shanty) areas and pressures from the inhabitants will eventually cause most councils to come up with a more satisfactory and less risky solution.
Many of the children who live here have a long way to walk to reach school, as there is no public transport. The tendency is therefore not to go, especially during the rainy or colder seasons. Very few have the willpower or even the means of getting to Hummingbird to participate in all the good things we have to offer in our Street Migration Prevention Programme, although there are some who do.
This is the main reason for us to bring Hummingbird to the kids. If we can manage to finance a more permanent solution we will be able to continue with a variety of activities throughout the entire year and not just during the school holiday season as is this week's proposal.
And as I promised, the last plate I created on that day was appropriately one of my hands at the end of the process. When you coat the plates you hold them like a waiter holds a drink tray and you pour the collodion onto the plate and tilt the plate toward all four corners to spread the mixture. Invariably (regularly if you are a beginner) some of it dribbles off and onto your hand. Then when you pull the plate from the silver nitrate bath, some of that silver nitrate gets onto your hands and mixes with the collodion that is on there, creating a light sensitive emulsion on your skin which immediately gets exposed to light. Finally when you take your exposed plate into the darkroom and pour developer over it, that developer spills off onto your hands and develops the emulsion on them, which at this point are incredibly over-exposed and turn black. It wears off in a day or two, but til then you have some nicely stained hands.
I couldn't pass up the opportunity to make a wet plate image of my wet plate stained hands. The results of the process documented by the process. There is a nice logic to that.
Farm implement near Glasgow in rural Saline County Missouri by Notley Hawkins Photography. Taken with a Canon EOS 5D Mark IV camera with a Canon EF24-105mm f/4L IS USM lens at ƒ/4.0 with a 147 second exposure at ISO 100. Processed with Adobe Lightroom CC.
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