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Baptistery / Baptisterium - Il Duomo - La Torre Pendente / The Leaning Tower of Pisa - Piazza dei Miracoli - Pisa - Toscana / Tuscany - Italia / Italy

Details best viewed in Original Size.

 

The Museo dell'Opera del Duomo (Museum of the Works of the Cathedral) in Florence, Italy is a museum containing many of the original works of art created for the Cattedrale di Santa Maria dei Fiore, the Cathedral (Duomo) and the Battistero di San Giovanni (Baptistery of Saint John) in Florence. The museum is located just east of the Duomo, near its apse. It opened in 1891, and now houses what has been called "one of the world's most important collections of sculpture". The Lorenzo Ghiberti doors which now occupy the place of the originals in the Baptistery of Saint John are replicas made by the Galleria Frilli. The image seen above are of the originals now at the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo.

 

After the completion of the North Doors, Ghiberti was widely recognized as a celebrity and the top artist in this field. He was given many commissions, including some from the pope. In 1425 he got a second commission for the Florence Baptistery, this time for the east doors, on which he and his workshop (including Michelozzo and Benozzo Gozzoli) would toil for 27 years, surpassing themselves. The subjects of the designs for the doors were chosen by Leonardo Bruni d'Arezzo, then chancellor of the Republic of Florence. These have ten panels depicting scenes from the Old Testament and were in turn installed on the east side. The panels are large rectangles and were no longer embedded in the traditional Gothic quatrefoil, as in the North Doors. Ghiberti employed the recently discovered principles of perspective to give depth to his compositions. Each panel depicts more than one episode. "The Story of Joseph" portrays the narrative scheme of Joseph Cast by His Brethren into the Well, Joseph Sold to the Merchants, the merchants delivering Joseph to the pharaoh, Joseph Interpreting the Pharaoh's dream, The Pharaoh Paying him Honour, Jacob Sends His Sons to Egypt and Joseph Recognizes His Brothers and Returns Home. According to Vasari's Lives, this panel was the most difficult and also the most beautiful. The figures are distributed in very low relief in a perspective space (a technique invented by Donatello and called rilievo schiacciato, which literally means "flattened relief"). Ghiberti uses different sculptural techniques, from incised lines to almost free-standing figure sculpture within the panels, further accentuating the sense of space. The ten panels are included in a richly decorated gilt framework of foliage and fruit, with many statuettes of prophets and 24 busts. The two central busts are portraits of the artist and of his father, Bartolomeo Ghiberti. Michelangelo referred to these doors as fit to be the "Gates of Paradise" (Porte del Paradiso), and they are still invariably referred to by this name. Giorgio Vasari described them a century later as "undeniably perfect in every way and must rank as the finest masterpiece ever created". Ghiberti himself said they were "the most singular work that I have ever made".

Unfortunately, these doors are kept behind glass in a fairly brightly lit room and that leads to the strong reflections from the glass seen here, especially toward the top of the image. I could have used a polarizer, but that would have led to a new set of problems which would have yielded a lower quality image.

Additional information may be obtained at Wikipedia (Museo dell'Opera del Duomo) and Wikipedia (Lorenzo Ghiberti).

The tower of Verona's Duomo and the bridge of Ponte Pietra seen from the convent above the Roman Theatre which houses the archaeological museum.

 

Verona’s Roman Theatre (Teatro Romano) sits to the north of the River Adige, across the water from the historical city centre.

 

Built in the first century BC, it was built over in the following centuries before being cleared and restored from 1830 onwards, with only the Church of Santi Siro e Libera left standing.

 

The theatre still holds plays and operas, while if you climb up through the seating you reach the Museo Archelogico in the buildings of an old convent, containing Greek, Roman and Etruscan finds.

 

Verona’s Duomo was consecrated in 1187, having been built on the site of an ancient Christian structure, and has served as one of the city’s many centres of religious devotion ever since.

 

It has been worked on for almost all of its 825-year history, with major restoration carried out in the 15th and 16th centuries and the bell tower added in 1927.

 

The interior is a mixture of architectural styles, from Romanesque in its lower levels to Gothic the higher up you go, which each chapel has its own individual feel.

 

There is a grand organ and artwork by the likes of Titian and Falconetto decorating the interior.

 

The Duomo is part of a larger cathedral complex with the churches of San Giovanni in Fonte and Sant’Elana, the latter built roughly over the location of a fourth-century basilica.

 

Recent restoration has involved the restoration of the frescoes and the lighting system.

 

Ponte Pietra (the Stone Bridge) is a Roman arch bridge crossing the River Adige to the north of the old city centre in Verona.

 

It was completed by the start of the first century BC and provided access from the city to the Roman Theatre on the slopes of Veronetta.

 

German soldiers destroyed much of the bridge as they fled at the end of the Second World War, with restoration taking place in 1957, using original materials.

Happy Holga accidents make for nice montages of a city. Oscar and I in the streets of Firenze (I set it up and asked Carlotta to take it), the very amazing Duomo behind us. Transposed is a photo of a wall in Firenze right outside of the Uffizi museum on a small street. I was stunned by the artistry--in a classical European style gone modern-- of the graffiti there.

Milan , Italy

 

* Length: 157 metres (515 feet)

* Width at transept: 92 metres (302 feet)

* Internal width of nave: 16.75 metres (55 feet)

* Internal height of nave: 45 metres (148 feet) (second highest vaulted nave in the world)

* Height of nave columns: 24.5 metres (80 feet)

* Height of central octagon: 65.5 metres (215 feet)

* Height of spire: 106.5 metres (350 feet)

* Dimensions of apsidal windows: 20.7 x 8.5 metres (68 x 28 feet)

* The Cathedral can hold 40,000 people.

* Location: [show location on an interactive map] 45°27′51″N, 9°11′27″E .

The view of the city of Verona from the terrace of Castel San Pietro, with the Basilica Santa Anastasia in the centre beyond the River Adige and Il Duomo to the right.

 

The Gothic Church of Santa Anastasia in Verona dates back to the late 13th century, when two Dominican friars designed a place of worship.

 

Work on the basilica, the largest church in Verona, bigger even than the Duomo, took place over the 14th and 15th centuries, though the façade was never completed.

 

Inside, the church is built over three large aisles, with pillars in Veronese red marble and artworks by Pisanello and Giolfino and a water stoop made with a carved hunchback by il Veronese.

 

Verona’s Duomo was consecrated in 1187, having been built on the site of an ancient Christian structure, and has served as one of the city’s many centres of religious devotion ever since.

 

It has been worked on for almost all of its 825-year history, with major restoration carried out in the 15th and 16th centuries and the bell tower added in 1927.

 

The interior is a mixture of architectural styles, from Romanesque in its lower levels to Gothic the higher up you go, which each chapel has its own individual feel.

 

There is a grand organ and artwork by the likes of Titian and Falconetto decorating the interior.

 

The Duomo is part of a larger cathedral complex with the churches of San Giovanni in Fonte and Sant’Elana, the latter built roughly over the location of a fourth-century basilica.

 

Recent restoration has involved the restoration of the frescoes and the lighting system.

From the top of the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore

Il Duomo, Firenze, Italy

Verona's Il Duomo and Ponte Pietra, over the River Adige, seen from the terrace of Castel San Pietro.

 

Verona’s Duomo was consecrated in 1187, having been built on the site of an ancient Christian structure, and has served as one of the city’s many centres of religious devotion ever since.

 

It has been worked on for almost all of its 825-year history, with major restoration carried out in the 15th and 16th centuries and the bell tower added in 1927.

 

The interior is a mixture of architectural styles, from Romanesque in its lower levels to Gothic the higher up you go, which each chapel has its own individual feel.

 

There is a grand organ and artwork by the likes of Titian and Falconetto decorating the interior.

 

The Duomo is part of a larger cathedral complex with the churches of San Giovanni in Fonte and Sant’Elana, the latter built roughly over the location of a fourth-century basilica.

 

Recent restoration has involved the restoration of the frescoes and the lighting system.

 

Ponte Pietra (the Stone Bridge) is a Roman arch bridge crossing the River Adige to the north of the old city centre in Verona.

 

It was completed by the start of the first century BC and provided access from the city to the Roman Theatre on the slopes of Veronetta.

 

German soldiers destroyed much of the bridge as they fled at the end of the Second World War, with restoration taking place in 1957, using original materials.

Details best viewed in Original Size

 

There were many proposals as to how to finish the inside of Brunelleschi's Dome, but Grand Duke Cosimo I de' Medici decided to have the dome painted with a representation of The Last Judgment. This enormous work, 38,750 Square feet (3,600 sq. m) of painted surface, was started in 1568 by Giorgio Vasari and Federico Zuccari and would last till 1579. The upper portion, near the lantern, representing The 24 Elders of Apoc. 4 was finished by Vasari before his death in 1574. Federico Zuccari and a number of collaborators, such as Domenico Cresti, finished the other portions: (from top to bottom) Choirs of Angels; Christ, Mary and Saints; Virtues, Gifts of the Holy Spirit and Beatitudes; and at the bottom of the cupola: Capital Sins and Hell. These frescoes are considered Zuccari's greatest work. But the quality of the work is uneven because of the input of different artists and the different techniques. Vasari had used true fresco, while Zuccari had painted in secco. During the restoration work, which ended in 1995, the entire pictorial cycle of The Last Judgment was photographed with specially designed equipment and all the information collected in a catalogue. All the restoration information along with reconstructed images of the frescos were stored and managed in the Thesaurus Florentinus computer system.

The Florence Cathedral, formally the Cattedrale di Santa Maria dei Fiore ("Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Flower"), is the cathedral of Florence, Italy (Duomo di Firenze). It was begun in 1296 in the Gothic style to a design of Arnolfo di Cambio and was structurally completed by 1436, with the dome designed by Filippo Brunelleschi. The exterior of the basilica is faced with polychrome marble panels in various shades of green and pink, bordered by white, and has an elaborate 19th-century Gothic Revival façade by Emilio De Fabris. The basilica is one of Italy's largest churches, and until the development of new structural materials in the modern era, Brunelleschi's dome was the largest in the world. It remains the largest brick dome ever constructed. After the Cathedral's principal architect Arnolfo di Cambio died in 1310, work on the cathedral slowed for thirty years. When the relics of Saint Zenobius were discovered in 1330 in Santa Reparata, the project gained a new impetus. In 1331, the Arte della Lana, the guild of wool merchants, took over patronage for the construction of the cathedral and in 1334 appointed Giotto to oversee the work. Assisted by Andrea Pisano, Giotto continued di Cambio's design. His major accomplishment was the building of the campanile. When Giotto died the January 8th of 1337, Andrea Pisano continued the building until work was halted due to the Great Plague in 1348. In 1349, work resumed on the cathedral under a series of architects, starting with Francesco Talenti, who finished the campanile and enlarged the overall project to include the apse and the side chapels.

Additional information may be obtained at Wikipedia.

Details best viewed in Original Size.

 

The Museo dell'Opera del Duomo (Museum of the Works of the Cathedral) in Florence, Italy is a museum containing many of the original works of art created for the Cattedrale di Santa Maria dei Fiore, the Cathedral (Duomo) and the Battistero di San Giovanni (Baptistery of Saint John) in Florence. The museum is located just east of the Duomo, near its apse. It opened in 1891, and now houses what has been called "one of the world's most important collections of sculpture". The Lorenzo Ghiberti doors which now occupy the place of the originals in the Baptistery of Saint John are replicas made by the Galleria Frilli. The image seen above are of the originals now at the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo. Unfortunately, the doors are behind heavy protective glass making nearly impossible to get reflection-free images and the illumination is such that use of polarizing filters is equally impossible.

The commission for these doors brought immediate and lasting recognition to the young Lorenzo Ghiberti. In 1403 the formal contract was signed with Bartolo di Michele’s workshop, the same workshop he had previously been trained in, and overnight it became the most prestigious in Florence. Four years later in 1407, Lorenzo legally took over the commission and was prohibited from accepting additional commissions while he worked on his doors. He devoted much of his time to creating these doors, and was paid two-hundred florins a year for his work. To cast the doors, Lorenzo worked in a studio located near the Hospital of Saint Maria Nuova, the oldest hospital that is still active in Florence today. At the studio, Ghiberti built a large furnace to melt his metal in an attempt to cast the doors, however his first try was a failure. After this trial, he attempted once more to make a mold. On his second try he was successful and ended up using 34,000 pounds of bronze, costing a total of 22,000 ducats, a large sum in this time. It took Ghiberti 21 years to complete the doors. These gilded bronze doors consist of twenty-eight panels, with twenty panels depicting the life of Christ from the New Testament, and on April 19, 1424 they were placed on the side of the Baptistery. Depicted are: The Annunciation, Nativity, Adoration of the Magi, Dispute with the Doctors, Baptism of Christ, Temptation of Christ, Chasing the Merchants Away, Christ Walking on Water, Transfiguration, Resurrection of Lazarus, Christ’s Arrival in Jerusalem, Last Supper, Agony in the Garden, Christ Being Captured, Flagellation, Christ on Trial with Pilate, Trip to Calvary, Crucifixion, Resurrection, and Pentecost. The eight lower panels show the four evangelists and the Church Fathers: Saint Ambrose, Saint Jerome, Saint Gregory and Saint Augustine. The panels are surrounded by a framework of foliage in the door case and gilded busts of prophets and sibyls at the intersections of the panels. Originally installed on the east side in place of Pisano's doors, they were later moved to the north side. They are described by the art historian Antonio Paolucci as "the most important event in the history of Florentine art in the first quarter of the 15th century".

Unfortunatelly these doors are kept behind glass in a fairly brightly lit room and that leads to the strong reflections from the glass seen here, especially toward the top of the image. I could have used a polarizer, but that would have lead to a new set of problems which would have yielded a lower quality image.

Additional information may be obtained at Wikipedia (Museo dell'Opera del Duomo) and Wikipedia (Lorenzo Ghiberti).

 

The city of Verona, spread out beneath the Torre dei Lamberti, with the towers of Il Duomo to the left and the Basilica di Santa Anastasia to the right.

 

Verona’s Duomo was consecrated in 1187, having been built on the site of an ancient Christian structure, and has served as one of the city’s many centres of religious devotion ever since.

 

It has been worked on for almost all of its 825-year history, with major restoration carried out in the 15th and 16th centuries and the bell tower added in 1927.

 

The interior is a mixture of architectural styles, from Romanesque in its lower levels to Gothic the higher up you go, which each chapel has its own individual feel.

 

There is a grand organ and artwork by the likes of Titian and Falconetto decorating the interior.

 

The Duomo is part of a larger cathedral complex with the churches of San Giovanni in Fonte and Sant’Elana, the latter built roughly over the location of a fourth-century basilica.

 

Recent restoration has involved the restoration of the frescoes and the lighting system.

 

The Gothic Church of Santa Anastasia in Verona dates back to the late 13th century, when two Dominican friars designed a place of worship.

 

Work on the basilica, the largest church in Verona, bigger even than the Duomo, took place over the 14th and 15th centuries, though the façade was never completed.

 

Inside, the church is built over three large aisles, with pillars in Veronese red marble and artworks by Pisanello and Giolfino and a water stoop made with a carved hunchback by il Veronese.

 

The Torre dei Lamberti is Verona’s highest tower, standing 272ft (83m) tall between the Piazza delle Erbe and the Piazza dei Signori in the centre of the old city.

 

It was built in the 12th century, with alterations made during the Renaissance and the 19th century and you take a lift and climb 125 steps to the top for views out over Verona.

 

The large clock was added in 1779 and there are four bells, each with a different purpose – to signal time, fires, the start of work and a call to arms for the city.

Details best viewed in Original Size.

 

Florence Cathedral, formally the Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore ("Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Flower"), is the cathedral of Florence, Italy (Duomo di Firenze). It was begun in 1296 in the Gothic style to a design of Arnolfo di Cambio and was structurally completed by 1436, with the dome designed by Filippo Brunelleschi. The exterior of the basilica is faced with polychrome marble panels in various shades of green and pink, bordered by white, and has an elaborate 19th-century Gothic Revival façade by Emilio De Fabris. The basilica is one of Italy's largest churches, and until the development of new structural materials in the modern era, Brunelleschi's dome was the largest in the world. It remains the largest brick dome ever constructed.

This panorama was created using Photoshop CS6 to stitch together horizontally two landscape-oriented images.

Additional information may be obtained at Wikipedia.

Milan , Italy

 

For a spectacular view of the city and even of the Alps (on a clear day) you may climb to the top of the Duomo via a spiral stone staircase of 919 steps. An elevator to the top is also available. Tickets and entrance to both the staircase and the elevator are on Corso Vittorio Emanuele (the left side of the Duomo if you are looking at it straight on). Entrance 9.00 - 17.45, cost € 5,00 by elevator, and by stairs: € 3.50.

Front facade of the Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore, clad in polychrome marble panels.

 

Camera: Nikon D90

Lens: AF-S DX Nikkor 18-105mm 1:3.5-5.6G ED VR

These panels on the baptistery doors are actually reproductions of the originals by Ghiberti. The originals are now held in the Duomo Museum to keep them from deteriorating any further.

To the right is the Basilica di San Lorenzo. The cruciform basilica with the vast domed apsidal Medici Chapel; in the cloister is the Laurentian Library.

Verona's Il Duomo and Ponte Pietra, over the River Adige, seen from the terrace of Castel San Pietro.

 

Verona’s Duomo was consecrated in 1187, having been built on the site of an ancient Christian structure, and has served as one of the city’s many centres of religious devotion ever since.

 

It has been worked on for almost all of its 825-year history, with major restoration carried out in the 15th and 16th centuries and the bell tower added in 1927.

 

The interior is a mixture of architectural styles, from Romanesque in its lower levels to Gothic the higher up you go, which each chapel has its own individual feel.

 

There is a grand organ and artwork by the likes of Titian and Falconetto decorating the interior.

 

The Duomo is part of a larger cathedral complex with the churches of San Giovanni in Fonte and Sant’Elana, the latter built roughly over the location of a fourth-century basilica.

 

Recent restoration has involved the restoration of the frescoes and the lighting system.

 

Ponte Pietra (the Stone Bridge) is a Roman arch bridge crossing the River Adige to the north of the old city centre in Verona.

 

It was completed by the start of the first century BC and provided access from the city to the Roman Theatre on the slopes of Veronetta.

 

German soldiers destroyed much of the bridge as they fled at the end of the Second World War, with restoration taking place in 1957, using original materials.

 

The view of Verona's Il Duomo from the top of the Torre dei Lamberti.

 

Verona’s Duomo was consecrated in 1187, having been built on the site of an ancient Christian structure, and has served as one of the city’s many centres of religious devotion ever since.

 

It has been worked on for almost all of its 825-year history, with major restoration carried out in the 15th and 16th centuries and the bell tower added in 1927.

 

The interior is a mixture of architectural styles, from Romanesque in its lower levels to Gothic the higher up you go, which each chapel has its own individual feel.

 

There is a grand organ and artwork by the likes of Titian and Falconetto decorating the interior.

 

The Duomo is part of a larger cathedral complex with the churches of San Giovanni in Fonte and Sant’Elana, the latter built roughly over the location of a fourth-century basilica.

 

Recent restoration has involved the restoration of the frescoes and the lighting system.

 

The Torre dei Lamberti is Verona’s highest tower, standing 272ft (83m) tall between the Piazza delle Erbe and the Piazza dei Signori in the centre of the old city.

 

It was built in the 12th century, with alterations made during the Renaissance and the 19th century and you take a lift and climb 125 steps to the top for views out over Verona.

 

The large clock was added in 1779 and there are four bells, each with a different purpose – to signal time, fires, the start of work and a call to arms for the city.

Seen from the dome of the Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore

are you lost? that's good for you!

 

Milano, Italy. May 2013. Near the duomo.

Details best viewed in Original Size.

 

The Museo dell'Opera del Duomo (Museum of the Works of the Cathedral) in Florence, Italy is a museum containing many of the original works of art created for the Cattedrale di Santa Maria dei Fiore, the cathedral (Duomo) and the Battistero di San Giovanni (Baptistery of Saint John) in Florence. The museum is located just east of the Duomo, near its apse. It opened in 1891, and now houses what has been called "one of the world's most important collections of sculpture".

The sculptures here, in the Opera di Girolamo Ticciati (Works by Girolamo Ticciati) include Saint John the Baptist Raised to Heaven and Two Candle-Bearing Angels.

Additional information may be obtained at Museo dell'Opera del Duomo or at Girolamo Ticciati.

Everyone always takes a shot of the front of the most famous Duomo in Italy, so here is a "shot less traveled" as it were. I like the geometric marble detail work on the facade of this Gothic masterpiece, which was started in 1296 and completed in 1436.

 

The doumo, or dome, was a marvel of engineering at the time, and was the largest dome to be built without any exterior butressing, as was common all other domes in the pre-Renaissance Gothic period.

Altar Mayor del Duomo, una impresionante Catedral totalmente hecha de mármol.

High Altar of Il Duomo, a stunning Cathedral totally made of marble.

A classic (again boring!?) night shot from Piazzale Michelangiolo from where you can see (XL on dark) the Basilica of Santa Croce, Cathedral "il Duomo" and Basilica of Santa Maria Novella.

 

© Fabrice Drevon | Do not use without my authorization

The Cathedral of Siena (Duomo di Siena), dedicated to Santa Maria Assunta, is a

medieval church. Originally designed and completed between 1215 and 1263.

In the interior the pictorial effect of the black and white marble stripes on the walls

and columns strikes the eye.

Black and white are the colours of the civic coat of arms of Siena.

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