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Trendy? Or too early for boots?
Doll: MS Roller Skate(?) Chelsea (?)
Outfit: SIS Pasrty Kara 2 Wave(?)
Shoes: MS random(?)
This double row of white metal fences is designed to keep animals, cars, and people off the tracks as Amtrak trains zoom through the tiny village of Galien, Michigan, several times a day. The building in the background is currently the home of the storefront Galien Missionary Church. When I was growing up in the 50s & 60s it housed the Swem General Store. The store was on the first floor and the proprieters, Encell and Violet Swem, lived on the second floor.
Mysterious gadget dug out of a kitchen drawer at my mother-in-law's. Does anyone know what it is? I do, but only because I was told. I wil post the answer later.
WIKIPEDIA
(Thanks to RPOH's comment about sugar loaves, I found out that these are really sugar nips.)
Before the introduction of granulated and cube sugars in the second half of the 19th century, the domestic consumer purchased sugar in the form of a sugarloaf, or at least a part of one, and pieces were cut from it by hand using sugar nips, pliers-like cutters.
April 2012 Scavenger Challenge #9. Show us a unique, functional gadget which others might not recognize.
Taken with iPhone 4S.
The Ural 4350 is used primarily as a transport truck, but the Eurusian Army also uses a number of other versions – including a recovery version and a multiple-rocket launcher platform. The 4350 can also be seen in civilian use, most commonly as a fire truck, garbage truck or logging truck.
Credit goes to Otto for the idea of using inverted ladders on the truckbed.
Casa Casi, Carrer Serradell, Arinsal poble, La Massana, Vall nord, Andorra, Pyrenees
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Look at what VIVO PLUS FUNCTIONAL water can help you accomplish. Continue drinking your daily bottle of VIVO PLUS FUNCTIONAL water ANN TITONE.
Summer in the city. Parc Central, Andorra la Vella, the center, Andorra city, Andorra, Pyrenees
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Whilst it would never win prizes for looks, tamping machines in all their derivations play a vital role. Volker Rail DR73946 is seen just east of Castle Donington whilst tamping the new connection for the EMG sidings.
Functional art quilt.
Measures 17.5 x 17.5.
Colors inspired from the retro color combo of Avocado Green and Harvest Gold.
Meant to either hang on the wall or displayed on a table.
Made from 100% cotton fabrics from Robert Kaufman's Kona collection.
This old public toilet by the harbor appears to be used mainly by the fisherman who launch their boats nearby, but apparently someone was afraid a foreigner might wander by and not recognize the Japanese character for male, and decided a more universal symbol was also needed, just in case.
Carrer La Rabal, Sispony, La Massana, Vall nord, Andorra, Pyrenees - (c) Lutz Meyer
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170 107 appraoches Luffenham crossing with its functional relay room cum portacabin and charming, white, pallisade fencing. A ruined windmill can be made out on the hill behind the un-ornate building and was the focus of the shot. CCTV mast removed!
4th APRIL, LONDON - @andres.loeh explains all about how datatype-generic programming in GHC works, and presents several examples of its use, including examples of how it already is successfully being used in some prominent Haskell libraries. See the SkillsCast recording (film, code slides) at: skillsmatter.com/podcast/scala/a-haskell-lecture-with-lea...
Even though this was just meant to be an experimental vehicle at first, I've actually become quite fond of it.
Functional notation is only available for a subset of functions. Here is an alternative syntax for factoring and expanding polynomials.
Living at Cami de la Font. Historical center of Engordany, Andorra city, Andorra, Pyrenees
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The Center for Functional Nanomaterials at Brookhaven National Laboratory is an internationally recognized, user-oriented research facility. Its dual mission is to serve as an open facility for the nanoscience and nanotechnology research communities and to advance the science and technology of nanomaterials that address the nation’s energy challenges. External Academic and Government Users of the CFN have investigated diverse research topics, such as efficient catalysts, fuel cell chemistries and architectures, and photovoltaic (solar cell) components.
THE PILLAR LIGHTHOUSE IS HIGHEST LIGHTHOUSE IN BURNHAM-ON-SEA, SOMERSET, ENGLAND. A GRADE II LISTED BUILDING, BUT IS NO LONGER FUNCTIONAL AS A LIGHTHOUSE, BUT THE RED STRIPE ON THE BUILDING IS STILL USED AS A DAY RANGE.
BURNHAM-ON-SEA IS NOTABLE FOR ITS BEACH AND MUDFLATS, WHICH ARE CHARACTERISTIC OF BRIDGWATER BAY AND THE REST OF THE BRISTOL CHANNEL WHERE THE TIDE CAN RECEDE FOR OVER 1.5 MILES (2.4 KM). BURNHAM IS CLOSE TO THE ESTUARY OF THE RIVER PARRETT WHERE IT FLOWS INTO THE BRISTOL CHANNEL, WHICH HAS THE SECOND HIGHEST TIDAL RANGE IN THE WORLD OF 15 METRES (49 FT), SECOND ONLY TO BAY OF FUNDY IN EASTERN CANADA. THE CONSTANTLY SHIFTING SANDS HAVE ALWAYS BEEN A SIGNIFICANT RISK TO SHIPPING IN THE AREA.
THE 30-METRE (98 FT) PILLAR OR HIGH LIGHTHOUSE WAS DESIGNED AND BUILT BY JOSEPH NELSON FOR TRINITY HOUSE, IN THE 1830S AND EQUIPPED WITH A PARAFFIN LAMP, WHICH SHONE THROUGH A HALF-GALLERY UNDER A WINDOW. IT WAS USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE LOW LIGHTHOUSE, WHICH IS STILL OPERATING TO GUIDE FISHING BOATS INTO THE HARBOUR.
THE GROUND FLOOR WAS 5 METRES (16 FT) IN DIAMETER AND THE TOP ROOM 3 METRES (9.8 FT). IT WAS AUTOMATED IN 1920. IN THE 1990S IT WAS DEACTIVATED AND SOLD BY TRINITY HOUSE AND BOUGHT BY A MEMBER OF THE ROTHSCHILD FAMILY.
THE ROTHSCHILD FAMILY OWNED IT UNTIL 1996 WHEN IT WAS BOUGHT AT AUCTION BY PATRICK O'HAGAN. CONVERSION FOR RESIDENTIAL USE INCLUDED THE REMOVAL OF THE 6TH FLOOR AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF STAIRS WHERE THERE HAD PREVIOUSLY ONLY BEEN LADDERS.
A good thing continues
Some six months ago, I posted almost 100 images and a few thoughts I felt were missing from the many existing RX1 reviews. The outpouring of support and interest in that article was very gratifying. When I published, I had used the camera for six full months, enough time to come to a view of its strengths and weaknesses and to produce a small portfolio of good images, but not enough time to see the full picture (pun intended). In the following six months, I have used the camera at least as frequently as in the first six and have produced another small set of good images. It should be noted that my usage of the RX1 in the last six (and especially in the last 3) months has involved less travel and more time with the family and around the house; I will share relatively few of these images but will spend some time sharing my impressions of its functionality for family snapshots as I am sure there is some interest. And let it be said here: one of the primary motivations to purchase the camera was to take more photos with the family, and after one full year I can confidently say: money well spent.
The A7/r game-changer?
In the past six months, Sony have announced and released two full-frame, interchangeable lens cameras that clearly take design cues from the RX1: the A7 and the A7r. These cameras are innovative and highly capable and, as such, are in the midst of taking the photography world by storm. I think they are compelling enough cameras that I wonder whether Sony is wasting its energy continuing to develop further A-mount cameras. Sony deserve credit for a bold strategy—many companies would have been content to allow the success of the the RX1 (and RX1R) generate further sales before pushing further into the white space left unexplored by camera makers with less ambition.This is not the place to detail the relative advantages and disadvantages of the RX1 versus the A7/r except to make the following point. I currently use a Nikon D800 and an RX1: were I to sell both and purchase the A7r + 35mm f/2.8 I would in many ways lose nothing by way of imaging capability or lens compatibility but would pocket the surplus $1250-1750. Indeed this loyal Nikon owner thought long and hard about doing so, which speaks to the strategic importance of these cameras for a company trying to make inroads into a highly concentrated market.Ultimately, I opted to hang onto the two cameras I have (although this decision is one that I revisit time and time again) and continue to use them as I have for the past year. Let me give you a quick flavor of why.
The RX1 is smaller and more discrete
This is a small a point, but my gut reaction to the A7/r was: much smaller than the D800, not as small as the RX1. The EVF atop the A7/r and the larger profile of interchangeable mount lenses means that I would not be able to slip the A7/r into a pocket the way I can the RX1. Further, by virtue of using the EVF and its loud mechanical shutter, the A7/r just isn’t as stealthy as the RX1. Finally, f/2 beats the pants off of f/2.8 at the same or smaller size.At this point, some of you may be saying, “Future Sony releases will allow you to get a body without an EVF and get an f/2 lens that has a slimmer profile, etc, etc.” And that’s just the point: to oversimplify things, the reason I am keeping my RX1 is that Sony currently offers something close to an A7 body without a built-in EVF and with a slimmer profile 35mm f/2.
The D800 has important functional advantages
On the other side of the spectrum, the AF speed of the A7/r just isn’t going to match the D800, especially when the former is equipped with a Nikon lens and F-mount adapter. EVFs cannot yet match the experience of looking through the prism and the lens (I expect they will match soon, but aren’t there yet). What’s more, I have made such an investment in Nikon glass that I can’t yet justify purchasing an adapter for a Sony mount or selling them all for Sony’s offerings (many of which aren’t to market yet).Now, all of these are minor points and I think all of them disappear with an A8r, but they add up to something major: I have two cameras very well suited to two different types of shooting, and I ask myself if I gain or lose by getting something in between—something that wasn’t quite a pocket shooter and something that was quite a DSLR? You can imagine, however, that if I were coming to the market without a D800 and an RX1, that my decision would be far different: dollar for dollar, the A7/r would be a no-brainer.During the moments when I consider selling to grab an A7r, I keep coming back to a thought I had a month or so before the RX1 was announced. At that time I was considering something like the NEX cameras with a ZM 21mm f/2.8 and I said in my head, “I wish someone would make a carry-around camera with a full frame sensor and a fixed 35mm f/2.8 or f/2.” Now you understand how attractive the RX1 is to me and what a ridiculously high bar exists for another camera system to reach.
Okay, so what is different from the last review?
For one, I had an issue with the camera’s AF motor failing to engage and giving me an E61:00 error. I had to send it out to Sony for repairs (via extended warranty and service plan). I detailed my experience with Sony Service here [insert link] and I write to you as a very satisfied customer. That is to say, I have 3 years left on a 4 year + accidental damage warranty and I feel confident enough in that coverage to say that I will have this beauty in working order for at least another 3 years.For two, I’ve spent significantly less time thinking of this camera as a DSLR replacement and have instead started to develop a very different way of shooting with it. The activation barrier to taking a shot with my D800 is quite high. Beyond having to bring a large camera wherever you go and have it in hand, a proper camera takes two hands and full attention to produce an image. I shoot slowly and methodically and often from a tripod with the D800. In contrast, I can pull the RX1 out, pop off the lens cap, line up and take a shot with one hand (often with a toddler in the other). This fosters a totally different type of photography.
My “be-there” camera
The have-everywhere camera that gives DSLR type controls to one-handed shooting lets me pursue images that happen very quickly or images that might not normally meet the standards of “drag-the-DSLR-out-of-the-bag.” Many of those images you’ll see on this post. A full year of shooting and I can say this with great confidence: the RX1 is a terrific mash-up of point-and-shoot and DSLR not just in image quality and features, but primarily in the product it helps me create. To take this thinking a bit further: I find myself even processing images from the RX1 differently than I would from my DSLR. So much so that I have strongly considered starting a tumblr and posting JPEGs directly from the RX1 via my phone or an iPad rather than running the bulk of them through Lightroom, onto Flickr and then on the blog (really this is just a matter of time, stay tuned, and those readers who have experience with tumblr, cloud image storage and editing, etc, etc, please contact me, I want to pick your brain).Put simply, I capture more spontaneous and beautiful “moments” than I might have otherwise. Photography is very much an exercise in “f/8 and be there,” and the RX1 is my go-to “be there” camera.
The family camera
I mentioned earlier that I justified the purchase of the RX1 partly as a camera to be used to document the family moments into which a DSLR doesn’t neatly fit. Over the past year I’ve collected thousands and thousands of family images with the RX1. The cold hard truth is that many of those photos could be better if I’d taken a full DSLR kit with me to the park or the beach or the grocery store each time. The RX1 is a difficult camera to use on a toddler (or any moving subject for that matter); autofocus isn’t as fast as a professional DSLR, it’s difficult to perfectly compose via an LCD (especially in bright sunlight), but despite these shortcomings, it’s been an incredibly useful family camera. There are simply so many beautiful moments where I had the RX1 over my shoulder, ready to go that whatever difficulties exist relative to a DSLR, those pale in comparison to the power of it’s convenience. The best camera is the one in your hand.
Where to go from here.
So what is the value of these RX1 going forward, especially in a world of the A7/r and it’s yet-to-be-born siblings without an EVF and a pancake lens? Frankly, at its current price (which is quite fair when you consider the value of the the body and the lens) I see precious little room for an independent offering versus a mirrorless, interchangeable lens system with the same image quality in a package just as small. That doesn’t mean Sony won’t make an RX2 or an RX1 Mark II (have a look at it’s other product lines to see how many SKUs are maintained despite low demand). Instead, I see the RX1 as a bridge that needed to exist for engineers, managers, and the market to make it to the A7/r and it’s descendants.A Facebook friend recently paid me a great compliment; he said something like, “Justin, via your blog, you’ve sold a ton of RX1 cameras.” Indeed, despite my efforts not to be a salesman, I think he’s right: I have and would continue to recommend this camera.The true value of the RX1 going forward is for those of us who have the thing on our shoulders; and yes, if you have an investment in and a love for a DSLR system, there’s still tremendous value in getting one, slinging it over your shoulder, and heading out into the wide, bright world; A7/r or no, this is just an unbelievably capable camera.
Sliding doors or moveable walls could close off the open workspace when needed. The open concept: Promotes interaction between family members when time is at a premium; Invites more light into space and air; Removes "dead" spaces from interiors.
From the first rolls testing out an Olympus SPn with some dust in the lens.
Camera: Olympus 35 SPn
Lens: Fixed 42mm f1.7 G.Zukio
Film: Delta 100
Developer: Xtol
Scanner: Epson V600
Varanasi, also known as Benares, or Kashi is an Indian city on the banks of the Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, 320 kilometres south-east of the state capital, Lucknow. It is the holiest of the seven sacred cities (Sapta Puri) in Hinduism, and Jainism, and played an important role in the development of Buddhism. Some Hindus believe that death at Varanasi brings salvation. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Varanasi is also known as the favourite city of the Hindu deity Lord Shiva as it has been mentioned in the Rigveda that this city in older times was known as Kashi or "Shiv ki Nagri".
The Kashi Naresh (Maharaja of Kashi) is the chief cultural patron of Varanasi, and an essential part of all religious celebrations. The culture of Varanasi is closely associated with the Ganges. The city has been a cultural centre of North India for several thousand years, and has a history that is older than most of the major world religions. The Benares Gharana form of Hindustani classical music was developed in Varanasi, and many prominent Indian philosophers, poets, writers, and musicians live or have lived in Varanasi. Gautama Buddha gave his first sermon at Sarnath, located near Varanasi.
Varanasi is the spiritual capital of India. It is often referred to as "the holy city of India", "the religious capital of India", "the city of Shiva", and "the city of learning". Scholarly books have been written in the city, including the Ramcharitmanas of Tulsidas. Today, there is a temple of his namesake in the city, the Tulsi Manas Mandir. The current temples and religious institutions in the city are dated to the 18th century. One of the largest residential universities of Asia, the Banaras Hindu University (BHU), is located here.
ETYMOLOGY
The name Varanasi possibly originates from the names of the two rivers: Varuna, still flowing in Varanasi, and Asi, a small stream near Assi Ghat. The old city does lie on the north shores of Ganges River bounded by its two tributaries Varuna and Asi. Another speculation is that the city derives its name from the river Varuna, which was called Varanasi in olden times.[11] This is generally disregarded by historians. Through the ages, Varanasi has been known by many names including Kāśī or Kashi (used by pilgrims dating from Buddha's days), Kāśikā (the shining one), Avimukta ("never forsaken" by Shiva), Ānandavana (the forest of bliss), and Rudravāsa (the place where Rudra/Śiva resides).
In the Rigveda, the city is referred to as Kāśī or Kashi, the luminous city as an eminent seat of learning. The name Kāśī is also mentioned in the Skanda Purana. In one verse, Shiva says, "The three worlds form one city of mine, and Kāśī is my royal palace therein." The name Kashi may be translated as "City of Light".
HISTORY
According to legend, Varanasi was founded by the God Shiva. The Pandavas, the heroes of the Hindu epic Mahabharata are also stated to have visited the city in search of Shiva to atone for their sins of fratricide and Brāhmanahatya that they had committed during the climactic Kurukshetra war. It is regarded as one of seven holy cities which can provide Moksha:
The earliest known archaeological evidence suggests that settlement around Varanasi in the Ganga valley (the seat of Vedic religion and philosophy) began in the 11th or 12th century BC, placing it among the world's oldest continually inhabited cities. These archaeological remains suggest that the Varanasi area was populated by Vedic people. However, the Atharvaveda (the oldest known text referencing the city), which dates to approximately the same period, suggests that the area was populated by indigenous tribes. It is possible that archaeological evidence of these previous inhabitants has yet to be discovered. Recent excavations at Aktha and Ramnagar, two sites very near to Varanasi, show them to be from 1800 BC, suggesting Varanasi started to be inhabited by that time too. Varanasi was also home to Parshva, the 23rd Jain Tirthankara and the earliest Tirthankara accepted as a historical figure in the 8th century BC.
Varanasi grew as an important industrial centre, famous for its muslin and silk fabrics, perfumes, ivory works, and sculpture. During the time of Gautama Buddha (born circa 567 BC), Varanasi was the capital of the Kingdom of Kashi. Buddha is believed to have founded Buddhism here around 528 BC when he gave his first sermon, "Turning the Wheel of Law", at nearby Sarnath. The celebrated Chinese traveller Xuanzang, who visited the city around 635 AD, attested that the city was a centre of religious and artistic activities, and that it extended for about 5 kilometres along the western bank of the Ganges. When Xuanzang, also known as Hiuen Tsiang, visited Varanasi in the 7th century, he named it "Polonisse" and wrote that the city had some 30 temples with about 30 monks. The city's religious importance continued to grow in the 8th century, when Adi Shankara established the worship of Shiva as an official sect of Varanasi.
In ancient times, Varanasi was connected by a road starting from Taxila and ending at Pataliputra during the Mauryan Empire. In 1194, the city succumbed to Turkish Muslim rule under Qutb-ud-din Aibak, who ordered the destruction of some one thousand temples in the city. The city went into decline over some three centuries of Muslim occupation, although new temples were erected in the 13th century after the Afghan invasion. Feroz Shah ordered further destruction of Hindu temples in the Varanasi area in 1376. The Afghan ruler Sikander Lodi continued the suppression of Hinduism in the city and destroyed most of the remaining older temples in 1496. Despite the Muslim rule, Varanasi remained the centre of activity for intellectuals and theologians during the Middle Ages, which further contributed to its reputation as a cultural centre of religion and education. Several major figures of the Bhakti movement were born in Varanasi, including Kabir who was born here in 1389 and hailed as "the most outstanding of the saint-poets of Bhakti cult (devotion) and mysticism of 15th-Century India"; and Ravidas, a 15th-century socio-religious reformer, mystic, poet, traveller, and spiritual figure, who was born and lived in the city and employed in the tannery industry. Similarly, numerous eminent scholars and preachers visited the city from across India and south Asia. Guru Nanak Dev visited Varanasi for Shivratri in 1507, a trip that played a large role in the founding of Sikhism.
In the 16th century, Varanasi experienced a cultural revival under the Muslim Mughal emperor Akbar who invested in the city, and built two large temples dedicated to Shiva and Vishnu. The Raja of Poona established the Annapurnamandir and the 200 metres Akbari Bridge was also completed during this period. The earliest tourists began arriving in the city during the 16th century. In 1665, the French traveller Jean Baptiste Tavernier described the architectural beauty of the Vindu Madhava temple on the side of the Ganges. The road infrastructure was also improved during this period and extended from Kolkata to Peshawar by Emperor Sher Shah Suri; later during the British Raj it came to be known as the famous Grand Trunk Road. In 1656, emperor Aurangzeb ordered the destruction of many temples and the building of mosques, causing the city to experience a temporary setback. However, after Aurangazeb's death, most of India was ruled by a confederacy of pro-Hindu kings. Much of modern Varanasi was built during this time by the Rajput and Maratha kings, especially during the 18th century, and most of the important buildings in the city today date to this period. The kings continued to be important through much of the British rule (1775–1947 AD), including the Maharaja of Benares, or Kashi Naresh. The kingdom of Benares was given official status by the Mughals in 1737, and continued as a dynasty-governed area until Indian independence in 1947, during the reign of Dr. Vibhuti Narayan Singh. In the 18th century, Muhammad Shah ordered the construction of an observatory on the Ganges, attached to Man Mandir Ghat, designed to discover imperfections in the calendar in order to revise existing astronomical tables. Tourism in the city began to flourish in the 18th century. In 1791, under the rule of the British Governor-General Warren Hastings, Jonathan Duncan founded a Sanskrit College in Varanasi. In 1867, the establishment of the Varanasi Municipal Board led to significant improvements in the city.
In 1897, Mark Twain, the renowned Indophile, said of Varanasi, "Benares is older than history, older than tradition, older even than legend, and looks twice as old as all of them put together." In 1910, the British made Varanasi a new Indian state, with Ramanagar as its headquarters but with no jurisdiction over the city of Varanasi itself. Kashi Naresh still resides in the Ramnagar Fort which is situated to the east of Varanasi, across the Ganges. Ramnagar Fort and its museum are the repository of the history of the kings of Varanasi. Since the 18th century, the fort has been the home of Kashi Naresh, deeply revered by the local people. He is the religious head and some devout inhabitants consider him to be the incarnation of Shiva. He is also the chief cultural patron and an essential part of all religious celebrations.
A massacre by British troops, of the Indian troops stationed here and of the population of the city, took place during the early stages of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. Annie Besant worked in Varanasi to promote theosophy and founded the Central Hindu College which later became a foundation for the creation of Banaras Hindu University as a secular university in 1916. Her purpose in founding the Central Hindu College in Varanasi was that she "wanted to bring men of all religions together under the ideal of brotherhood in order to promote Indian cultural values and to remove ill-will among different sections of the Indian population."
Varanasi was ceded to the Union of India on 15 October 1948. After the death of Dr. Vibhuti Narayan Singh in 2000, his son Anant Narayan Singh became the figurehead king, responsible for upholding the traditional duties of a Kashi Naresh.
MAIN SIGHTS
Varanasi's "Old City", the quarter near the banks of the Ganga river, has crowded narrow winding lanes flanked by road-side shops and scores of Hindu temples. As atmospheric as it is confusing, Varanasi's labyrinthine Old City has a rich culture, attracting many travellers and tourists. The main residential areas of Varanasi (especially for the middle and upper classes) are situated in regions far from the ghats; they are more spacious and less polluted.
Museums in and around Varanasi include Jantar Mantar, Sarnath Museum, Bharat Kala Bhawan and Ramnagar Fort.
JANTAR MANTAR
The Jantar Mantar observatory (1737) is located above the ghats on the Ganges, much above the high water level in the Ganges next to the Manmandir Ghat, near to Dasaswamedh Ghat and adjoining the palace of Raja Jai Singh of Jaipur. Compared to the observatories at Jaipur and Delhi, it is less well equipped but has a unique equatorial sundial which is functional and allows measurements to be monitored and recorded by one person.
RAMNAGAR FORT
The Ramnagar Fort located near the Ganges River on its eastern bank, opposite to the Tulsi Ghat, was built in the 18th century by Kashi Naresh Raja Balwant Singh with creamy chunar sandstone. It is in a typically Mughal style of architecture with carved balconies, open courtyards, and scenic pavilions. At present the fort is not in good repair. The fort and its museum are the repository of the history of the kings of Benares. It has been the home of the Kashi Naresh since the 18th century. The current king and the resident of the fort is Anant Narayan Singh who is also known as the Maharaja of Varanasi even though this royal title has been abolished since 1971. Labeled "an eccentric museum", it has a rare collection of American vintage cars, sedan chairs (bejeweled), an impressive weaponry hall and a rare astrological clock. In addition, manuscripts, especially religious writings, are housed in the Saraswati Bhawan. Also included is a precious handwritten manuscript by Goswami Tulsidas. Many books illustrated in the Mughal miniature style, with beautifully designed covers are also part of the collections. Because of its scenic location on the banks of the Ganges, it is frequently used as an outdoor shooting location for films. The film titled Banaras is one of the popular movies shot here. However, only a part of the fort is open for public viewing as the rest of the area is the residence of the Kashi Naresh and his family. It is 14 kilometres from Varanasi.
GHATS
Ghats are embankments made in steps of stone slabs along the river bank where pilgrims perform ritual ablutions. Ghats in Varanasi are an integral complement to the concept of divinity represented in physical, metaphysical and supernatural elements. All the ghats are locations on "the divine cosmic road", indicative of "its manifest transcendental dimension" Varanasi has at least 84 ghats. Steps in the ghats lead to the banks of River Ganges, including the Dashashwamedh Ghat, the Manikarnika Ghat, the Panchganga Ghat and the Harishchandra Ghat (where Hindus cremate their dead). Many ghats are associated with legends and several are now privately owned.
Many of the ghats were built when the city was under Maratha control. Marathas, Shindes (Scindias), Holkars, Bhonsles, and Peshwas stand out as patrons of present-day Varanasi. Most of the ghats are bathing ghats, while others are used as cremation sites. A morning boat ride on the Ganges across the ghats is a popular visitor attraction. The extensive stretches of ghats enhance the river front with a multitude of shrines, temples and palaces built "tier on tier above the water’s edge".
The Dashashwamedh Ghat is the main and probably the oldest ghat of Varansi located on the Ganges, close to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple. It is believed that Brahma created it to welcome Shiva and sacrificed ten horses during the Dasa -Ashwamedha yajna performed here. Above the ghat and close to it, there are also temples dedicated to Sulatankesvara, Brahmesvara, Varahesvara, Abhaya Vinayaka, Ganga (the Ganges), and Bandi Devi which are part of important pilgrimage journeys. A group of priests perform "Agni Pooja" (Worship to Fire) daily in the evening at this ghat as a dedication to Shiva, Ganga, Surya (Sun), Agni (Fire), and the whole universe. Special aartis are held on Tuesdays and on religious festivals.
The Manikarnika Ghat is the Mahasmasana (meaning: "great cremation ground") and is the primary site for Hindu cremation in the city. Adjoining the ghat, there are raised platforms that are used for death anniversary rituals. It is said that an ear-ring (Manikarnika) of Shiva or his wife Sati fell here. According to a myth related to the Tarakesvara Temple, a Shiva temple at the ghat, Shiva whispers the Taraka mantra ("Prayer of the crossing") in the ear of the dead. Fourth-century Gupta period inscriptions mention this ghat. However, the current ghat as a permanent riverside embankment was built in 1302 and has been renovated at least three times.
TEMPLES
Among the estimated 23000 temples in Varanasi, the most worshiped are: the Kashi Vishwanath Temple of Shiva; the Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple; and the Durga Temple known for the band of monkeys that reside in the large trees nearby.
Located on the outskirts of the Ganges, the Kashi Vishwanath Temple – dedicated to Varanasi's presiding deity Shiva (Vishwanath – "Lord of the world") – is an important Hindu temple and one of the 12 Jyotirlinga Shiva temples. It is believed that a single view of Vishwanath Jyotirlinga is worth more than that of other jyotirlingas. The temple has been destroyed and rebuilt a number of times. The Gyanvapi Mosque, which is adjacent to the temple, is the original site of the temple. The temple, as it exists now, also called Golden Temple, was built in 1780 by Queen Ahilyabai Holkar of Indore. The two pinnacles of the temple are covered in gold, donated in 1839 by Ranjit Singh, the ruler of the Punjab and the remaining dome is also planned to be gold plated by the Ministry of Culture & Religious Affairs of Uttar Pradesh. On 28 January 1983, the temple was taken over by the government of Uttar Pradesh and its management was transferred to a trust with then Kashi Naresh, Vibhuti Narayan Singh, as president and an executive committee with a Divisional Commissioner as chairman. Numerous rituals, prayers and aratis are held daily, starting from 2:30 am till 11:00 pm.
The Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple is one of the sacred temples of the Hindu god Hanuman situated by the Assi River, on the way to the Durga and New Vishwanath temples within the Banaras Hindu University campus. The present temple structure was built in early 1900s by the educationist and freedom fighter, Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya, the founder of Banaras Hindu University. It is believed the temple was built on the very spot where the medieval Hindu saint Tulsidas had a vision of Hanuman. Thousands flock to the temple on Tuesdays and Saturdays, weekdays associated with Hanuman. On 7 March 2006, in a terrorist attack one of the three explosions hit the temple while the Aarti was in progress when numerous devotees and people attending a wedding were present and many were injured. However, normal worship was resumed the next day with devotees visiting the temple and reciting hymns of Hanuman Chalisa (authored by Tulidas) and Sundarkand (a booklet of these hymns is provided free of charge in the temple). After the terrorist incident, a permanent police post was set up inside the temple.
There are two temples named "Durga" in Varanasi, Durga Mandir (built about 500 years ago), and Durga Kund (built in the 18th century). Thousands of Hindu devotees visit Durga Kund during Navratri to worship the goddess Durga. The temple, built in Nagara architectural style, has multi-tiered spires[96] and is stained red with ochre, representing the red colour of Durga. The building has a rectangular tank of water called the Durga Kund ("Kund" meaning a pond or pool). Every year on the occasion of Nag Panchami, the act of depicting the god Vishnu reclining on the serpent Shesha is recreated in the Kund.
While the Annapurna Temple, located close to the Kashi Vishwanath temple, is dedicated to Annapurna, the goddess of food, the Sankatha Temple close to the Sindhia Ghat is dedicated to Sankatha, the goddess of remedy. The Sankatha temple has a large sculpture of a lion and a nine temple cluster dedicated to the nine planets.
Kalabhairav Temple, an ancient temple located near the Head Post Office at Visheshar Ganj, is dedicated to Kala-Bhairava, the guardian (Kotwal) of Varanasi. The Mrithyunjay Mahadev Temple, dedicated to Shiva, is situated on the way to Daranagar to Kalbhairav temple. A well near the temple has some religious significance as its water source is believed to be fed from several underground streams, having curative powers.
The New Vishwanath Temple located in the campus of Banaras Hindu University is a modern temple which was planned by Pandit Malviya and built by the Birlas. The Tulsi Manas Temple, nearby the Durga Temple, is a modern temple dedicated to the god Rama. It is built at the place where Tulsidas authored the Ramcharitmanas, which narrates the life of Rama. Many verses from this epic are inscribed on the temple walls.
The Bharat Mata Temple, dedicated to the national personification of India, was inaugurated by Mahatma Gandhi in 1936. It has relief maps of India carved in marble. Babu Shiv Prasad Gupta and Durga Prasad Khatri, leading numismatists, antiquarians and nationalist leaders, donated funds for its construction.
RELIGION
HINDUISM
Varanasi is one of the holiest cities and centres of pilgrimage for Hindus of all denominations. It is one of the seven Hindu holiest cities (Sapta Puri), considered the giver of salvation (moksha). Over 50,000 Brahmins live in Varanasi, providing religious services to the masses. Hindus believe that bathing in the Ganges remits sins and that dying in Kashi ensures release of a person's soul from the cycle of its transmigrations. Thus, many Hindus arrive here for dying.
As the home to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple Jyotirlinga, it is very sacred for Shaivism. Varanasi is also a Shakti Peetha, where the temple to goddess Vishalakshi stands, believed to be the spot where the goddess Sati's earrings fell. Hindus of the Shakti sect make a pilgrimage to the city because they regard the River Ganges itself to be the Goddess Shakti. Adi Shankara wrote his commentaries on Hinduism here, leading to the great Hindu revival.
In 2001, Hindus made up approximately 84% of the population of Varanasi District.
ISLAM
Varanasi is one of the holiest cities and centres of pilgrimage for Hindus of all denominations. It is one of the seven Hindu holiest cities (Sapta Puri), considered the giver of salvation (moksha). Over 50,000 Brahmins live in Varanasi, providing religious services to the masses. Hindus believe that bathing in the Ganges remits sins and that dying in Kashi ensures release of a person's soul from the cycle of its transmigrations. Thus, many Hindus arrive here for dying.
As the home to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple Jyotirlinga, it is very sacred for Shaivism. Varanasi is also a Shakti Peetha, where the temple to goddess Vishalakshi stands, believed to be the spot where the goddess Sati's earrings fell. Hindus of the Shakti sect make a pilgrimage to the city because they regard the River Ganges itself to be the Goddess Shakti. Adi Shankara wrote his commentaries on Hinduism here, leading to the great Hindu revival.
In 2001, Hindus made up approximately 84% of the population of Varanasi District.
OTHERS
At the 2001 census, persons of other religions or no religion made up 0.4% of the population of Varanasi District.
Varanasi is a pilgrimage site for Jains along with Hindus and Buddhists. It is believed to be the birthplace of Suparshvanath, Shreyansanath, and Parshva, who are respectively the seventh, eleventh, and twenty-third Jain Tirthankars and as such Varanasi is a holy city for Jains. Shree Parshvanath Digambar Jain Tirth Kshetra (Digambar Jain Temple) is situated in Bhelupur, Varanasi. This temple is of great religious importance to the Jain Religion.
Sarnath, a suburb of Varanasi, is a place of Buddhist pilgrimage. It is the site of the deer park where Siddhartha Gautama of Nepal is said to have given his first sermon about the basic principles of Buddhism. The Dhamek Stupa is one of the few pre-Ashokan stupas still in existence, though only its foundation remains. Also remaining is the Chaukhandi Stupa commemorating the spot where Buddha met his first disciples in the 5th century. An octagonal tower was built later there.
Guru Nanak Dev visited Varanasi for Shivratri in 1507 and had an encounter which with other events forms the basis for the story of the founding of Sikhism. Varanasi also hosts the Roman Catholic Diocese of Varanasi, and has an insignificant Jewish expatriate community. Varanasi is home to numerous tribal faiths which are not easily classified.
Dalits are 13% of population Of Varanasi city. Most dalits are followers of Guru Ravidass. So Shri Guru Ravidass Janam Asthan is important place of pilgrimage for Ravidasis from all around India.
RELIGIOUS FESTIVALS
On Mahashivaratri (February) – which is dedicated to Shiva – a procession of Shiva proceeds from the Mahamrityunjaya Temple to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple.
Dhrupad Mela is a five-day musical festival devoted to dhrupad style held at Tulsi Ghat in February–March.
The Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple celebrates Hanuman Jayanti (March–April), the birthday of Hanuman with great fervour. A special puja, aarti, and a public procession is organized. Starting in 1923, the temple organizes a five-day classical music and dance concert festival titled Sankat Mochan Sangeet Samaroh in this period, when iconic artists from all parts of India are invited to perform.
The Ramlila of Ramnagar is a dramatic enactment of Rama's legend, as told in Ramacharitamanasa. The plays, sponsored by Kashi Naresh, are performed in Ramnagar every evening for 31 days. On the last day, the festivities reach a crescendo as Rama vanquishes the demon king Ravana. Kashi Naresh Udit Narayan Singh started this tradition around 1830.
Bharat Milap celebrates the meeting of Rama and his younger brother Bharata after the return of the former after 14 years of exile. It is celebrated during October–November, a day after the festival of Vijayadashami. Kashi Naresh attends this festival in his regal attire resplendent in regal finery. The festival attracts a large number of devotees.
Nag Nathaiya, celebrated on the fourth lunar day of the dark fortnight of the Hindu month of Kartik (October–November), that commemorates the victory of the god Krishna over the serpent Kaliya. On this occasion, a large Kadamba tree (Neolamarckia cadamba) branch is planted on the banks of the Ganges so that a boy acting the role of Krishna can jump into the river on to the effigy representing Kaliya. He stands over the effigy in a dancing pose playing the flute; the effigy and the boy standing on it is given a swirl in front of the audience. People watch the display standing on the banks of the river or from boats.
Ganga Mahotsav is a five-day music festival organized by the Uttar Pradesh Tourism Department, held in November–December culminating a day before Kartik Poornima (Dev Deepawali). On Kartik Poornima also called the Ganges festival, the Ganges is venerated by arti offered by thousands of pilgrims who release lighted lamps to float in the river from the ghats.
Annually Jashne-Eid Miladunnabi is celebrated on the day of Barawafat in huge numbers by Muslims in a huge rally coming from all the parts of the city and meeting up at Beniya Bagh.
WIKIPEDIA
The hood is functional and comes forward over her head. Best results if you tie the entire cape over her hair, though. The cape is easy enough to take on and off that you can get it around her hair for hood-lowered shots.
wooden figures African sculptures
African Wood Sculptures
African Candleholders - Stools - Carvings
5-Head Unity Stand - This interlocking unity stand was carved from a single block of wood by talented artisans using centuries-old techniques. It is one of the most popular pieces of carving to originate from Ghana. This piece features enlarged legs and heads to make it sturdier and to create a bold look as stand alone or a glass top table. It's an exotic piece that speaks volumes in foyers, living rooms, or virtually any place in your home. 22"H
Fanti Cone candleholder - This handsomely carved candleholder with well appointed Fanti Face accent will bring a warm touch to your home. The color contrast is simply stunning. Made of Sese wood. Fanti face on opposite side. 30"H. Candle not included.
Mother & Child - From a mother to a child or vice versa, a true craving that reflects the special love between a mother and child. A treasure forever.
Love Connection table - A romantic and functional piece of art. Sleek and contemporary form that symbolizes love between two people. Perfect as an accent table in any room of the house. 22"H x 15"diameter. Handmade in Ghana of cidrella wood.
Fatima candleholder - This candleholder is named after the talented female carver, Fatima, who made this exclusively piece. Her work is shapely with very clean lines. The textured finish adds elegance. Looks perfect on a mantle or dining table. 12"H. Finish color may vary. Candle not included. These unique coaster sets always generate conversation at get-togethers. Wow your friends with any of these seven-piece coaster set hand-crafted in Ghana. A special coating was applied to the plates to make them moisture resistant. Set includes coaster body and six plates.
Praying Angel (14 inch)- A symbol of God's love for each of us. Praying position reflects a state of quiet reflection, humility and supplication. A perfect love gift for any occasion. Choose from earth tone, mottle, or black finish. Made in Ghana of sese wood. 14"H.
Kneeling Angel - A symbol of God's love for each of us. A state of quiet reflection, humility and reflection. A perfect love gift for any occasion. Choose from black or mottle finish. Made in Ghana of sese wood. 21"H
Praying Angel (21 inch)- A symbol of God's love for each of us. Praying position reflects a state of quiet reflection, humility and supplication. A perfect love gift for any occasion. Choose from earth tone, mottle, or black finish. Made in Ghana of sese wood. 14"H.
African Wood Carvings
aise Me Up: A great gift for a mentor, a parent, or a role model to signify the difference they have made in a younger person's life. Two-tone finish. Handmade of in Ghana sese wood. 26"H
My Best Friend: A love gift from the heart. A handmade piece to signify an indelible bond between two people. Made of sese wood in Ghana. 21"H
Always & Forever: A carving of a kissing couple over a heart-shaped base. Appropriately titled to show the extraordinary relationship between lovers that endures forever. 21"H
My Love For You: An exquisite gift to express a deep love from one partner to another. A love dance that speaks volumes. Great two-tone finish. A great wedding or valentine gift. 20"H
A Part of Me: Signifies the special bond between two people; a great gift to express the bond within family and between lovers. Two-tone finish. Handmade of cedar wood. 24"H
African Bowls, Boxes and Magazine Racks
Curved Face Bowl - You will love this crafty and stunning bowl from our skilled in-house artisans. The curves are impossible to ignore. Lift the lid to reveal an elongated bowl for candy, jewelry and many other applications. Your choice of multi-colored (left) or brown (right). 18”L.
Nefertiti Head unity stand - This rare Nefertiti unity piece was carved by master craftsman, Yaw Osafo, one of the original creators of the interlocking unity heads in Ghana. His skill is unmatched and has a knack for creating life-like sculptors. This piece involved a meticulous hand-carving process that lasted a month. Limited edition. Display as a stand-alone or a glass top table.
African Bowls -- Stools -- Vases -- Paper Towel Holders
Majestic Pedestal Stool - Your creative mind will give you lots of possibilities with this piece. The 15" wide seat makes it a perfect bar stool. But wait, with the 28" height you can use it as a pedestal for a telephone or to display art. Very sturdy construction with bold and eye-catching mask legs.
Heart to Heart - Feel the closeness, Feel the love. See the detailed craftsmanship. A great wall hanging for your loved one. Made of sese wood. 22"H
Oheneba Heart Bowl - Put this Oheneba Heart-shaped bowl on your dresser or table and be ready for compliments. Oheneba, a Ghanaian name for Princess, reflects the richness of African culture. Elegant two-tone finish and metal trim.
Mask vase and Abstract vase - One of the best craft shops in Ghana created these unique wooden vases. The colors are simply stunning. The finish is a smooth and textured mix and the mask accent (on three sides) gives it a classy African look. Display by itself or with floral arrangement. Choose from two styles. 15"H x 24" circumference.
African Masks and Carvings
Teku Masks on pedestal - These pieces comes to you from Josephine Forson, a very talented carver in the Central Region of Ghana. She creates the most unusual pieces and incorporates rich, warm colors in her finishes. The result is this Teku mask that will be stunning on a mantle, book shelf, or highly visible corner of your home. Set of two. 19"H.
Joined Partners - Express your true feelings to your partner with this loving piece carved in Ghana of cedar wood. It symbolizes an enduring and life-long commitment to each another. The textured two-tone finish adds a graceful touch. A perfect wedding or valentine's gift. 19"H
Fulani Mask (male or female) - Bold colors and artistic use of metal accentuate this Fulani mask to a level all its own. Designed and crafted by Amani in Ghana to give you a choice of display as a wall decor or a standing piece. Either way, you surely have a conversation starter in any room. Choice of male or female. Each piece 36"H.
Wisdom Mask - Masks reflects the history and traditions of the people who carve them. Nana Kwame, is an old, revered chief in Akwapim Region of Ghana. He was the subject of several carved images because of the respect he commands and the wisdom he gave to people who sought advise from him. This piece is a carved representation of his face and a symbol of the wisdom he is known for. 7"L x 13"H.
African Stools
Highly skilled artisans create these stunning Ashanti Stools. They select premium wood from fallen logs to ensure the craftsmanship is superb to the eye and touch. The meticulous detail will get lots of compliments wherever you place it. The unique nature of hand-carving means no two stools are exactly alike. Each piece is one of a kind, slightly different from another.
Unity Stool - The interlocking circles on both sides of the stool symbolize unity of mind and spirit.
Fanti Bow Stool - Fanti accents near the base elevate this classic design to a whole new level. Sitting height is a comfortable 18". Add this to your collection and create that unique, eclectic theme you always wanted.
Fanti Drum Stool - A must have for those who crave more unique pieces for their home. The talented carver, Kweku Forson, worked tirelessly to create this drum stool. He produced this piece with a comfortable 17" sitting height and embellished it with cowrie shells and a Fanti face to match. A bold, conversation piece for any room.
Crocodile stool - The symbol of two crossed alligators with one stomach represents unity in diversity; a message that we share a common destiny in spite of our differences.
Gye Nyame stool - The Gye Nyame symbol on both sides of the stool signify the power of God to make all things equal.
African Stools
Parent & Child Table - A unique accent table for your favorite spot at home. Use as a plant stand, telephone table. Signifies the special bond between parent and child. Handmade in Ghana of cedar wood. 19"H x 12" diameter.
Lovers Table - Intertwined lovers forever. An unbreakable bond between two people. A companion table at bedside or your favorite room at home. Handmade in Ghana of cidrella wood, known for its durability and attractive finish.22"H x 15" diameter.
Fang Face Table - A conversation piece you will cherish for a long time. This table was created by Forson, one of Ghana's foremost craftsmen. His handwork and use of colors is simply stunning. Picture it in a showy corner of your room. 24"H. Top measures 14" x 19".
Elephant Trunk Table - This elephant table will surely liven the decor in your foyer or living room. Notice the hand-finished detail and the rich, colorful finish. Place it by itself or as a stand to display an exquisite piece of art. Hand-carved in Ghana. 30"H x 17" diameter. Quantities limited.
Fanti Accent Table - Treat yourself to this uniquely designed Fanti accent table from Ghana. It will make a perfect corner piece for a floral arrangement or to show off another piece of art. Fanti face on opposite side. The finish on each table may vary slightly. 24"H x 15" diameter.
African Tables and Stands
Fanti Table: Half-Round - This table was crafted by an award-winning artist, Kweku Forson, in Ghana. Some of his work has been displayed in exhibitions in Europe. The semi-circular design was his attempt to expand his repertoire and the fanti face legs are precision-crafted to add culture and symbolism to his work. A great addition to your decor. The finish on this table is one of a kind. 23"L x 14"W x 30"H.
Unity Stand - Seven Head --This interlocking unity piece was hand-crafted from one block of wood by talented artisans using century-old techniques. It is one of the most popular pieces of carving to come from Ghana. The idea originated from the council of village elders mobilizing an entire village to achieve community goals. The new generation of unity stands have extended legs to elevate the height to a more user-friendly level. Now you can add a more exotic conversation piece to your home decor. Use it as a stand-alone display, with a glass as a table top, or with a floral arrangement,. 32"H x 47" circumference.
Octagon Mask Table - Set your home apart from your friends with this Octagon Mask table crafted exclusively for African Heritage Collection by master carver J. Forson of Ghana. Nicely finished and textured in warm colors. The 30" height gives it a bold look. The decorating possibilities are endless. Place it in your favorite corner and count the compliments. 30"H x 19" diameter. Handmade in Ghana.
Zebra accent table - great addition to your eclectic collection of home decor. This zebra will light up any room in your home. The craftsmanship is superb. Offers lots of decorating possibilities- use it to hold a telephone, as a plant stand or a corner table. Hand-finished in Ghana of cidrella wood. 22"H x 15"diameter.
Bow Mask table - You'll get lots of compliments with this as a plant stand in a visible location at home. The unique design and contrasting finish grab attention. 18"H x 10.5" diameter.
African Drums
Bogolabo Drum - This drum was expertly crafted from one solid piece of Tweneboa wood by professional drummers who also make and tune their own drums. The Bogolabo drum is used to support the djembe drum in a drum ensemble. The drum face is made of hand-shaved dried goat skin. It has a rich tone and is strung tightly with very durable rope for a long-lasting sound. Made in Ghana. 8" Face x 18"H.
Djembe & Bongo Drums - The drums are made of Tweneboa wood, which is a kind of Cedar wood and a favorite wood of drum makers because of its durability and attractive finish. The wood is named after a skilled master drummer, Tweneboa Kodua, who during his lifetime was the chosen drum maker of many local chiefs. The drum face is made of hand-shaved dried goat skin. It has a rich tone and features double iron ring head construction. Our drums are strung tightly with very durable rope and a double weave around the rim. This ensures that the drum stays well-tuned with long lasting superior sound quality. Excellent sound! Due to the hand-crafted nature of the drum, you can expect some nuances in measurements and color, especially the goat skin. This is the unique characteristic of hand-carving; no two pieces are exactly alike.
African Wood Inlay Portraits
These fine art wood inlays will bring an eclectic feel and beauty to your home. Wood Inlays are fine strips of African hardwood ingeniously mounted to form an image. Each piece is an original, finished slightly different by the artist as a unique showpiece. Mounting bracket included. Handmade in Ghana.
Kwanzaa Kinara's - Wood Carvings
These Kwanzaa Kinara sets will come to you beautifully shrink-wrapped with all the key supplies to celebrate Kwanzaa. Each set includes a Traditional Kinara from Ghana, seven tapered 12" candles, straw mat, unity cup, and an information sheet on how to celebrate Kwanzaa. Pattern on cloth trim may vary.
Fanti Trio statue - Quality craftsmanship with a whimsical flair. Carved of Sese wood, the three figures holding hands symbolize the playful nature of children and the bonding that endures within a family.
African Mirrors - Wall Plaques
Adinkra mirror - Colorful patterns add warmth and class to this African craftsmanship. Crafted of Sese wood, this Adinkra mirror will reflect your lifestyle and taste, not to mention the drama it will create on the wall. 15"L x 18"H. Also available in Medium (17"L x 24"H),
Double Fanti mirror - Add character to your wall space with this attractive Double Fanti Face mirror. Excellent craftsmanship with bold African designs. 15"x18". Also available in Medium (17"L x 24"H)
Kneeling Angel shadow box - A hallowed framed piece to wake up your walls. A hand carved Kneeling Angel beautifully framed for your loved one. Made in Ghana. 15"H x 12"L
Ode To Parents Ashanti Stool Plaque - Words of appreciation and love for your parents. The plaque was crafted in the shape of an Ashanti Stool that symbolizes support and strength. The Gye Nyame symbols portray the power of God to make all things possible. Mansonia wood. 13.5"L x 9"H.
Jabez Prayer plaque - A popular Bible verse on a superbly crafted open Bible plaque. Words hand-written on plaque. 9"L x 12"H. Same words available on an African Hut style plaque. African Wooden Wall Plaques
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Shelburne, Vermont USA • Attic playhouse with two, very different doll houses. • Shelburne Farms is one of the finest examples in the nation of a late 19th - 20th Century model farm and country estate. Created for Dr. William Seward and Lila Vanderbilt Webb, the estate is noted for its exemplary agricultural, architectural, and landscape design achievements. – National Historic Landmark plaque.
• A farm and country estate constructed from c.1886 to 1915, Shelburne Farms consists of approximately 1,300 acres of designed and agricultural landscape and significant wood-framed and masonry buildings representative of a combination of Shingle and Queen Anne styles. Four major buildings and 78 secondary buildings, structures, and sites are situated in functional groupings between broad expanses of cleared agricultural fields with rolling hills and isolated softwood plantations, hardwood and softwood forests, gardens, and rocky lakeshore. Eleven and a half miles of curvilinear interior roads and eight miles of walking trails traverse the varied farm and estate landscape, connect the resources, and provide views and vistas of Lake Champlain and the Adirondack Mountains to the west and the Green Mountains to the east. Shelburne Farms lies at elevations between approximately 95 feet and 392 feet a.m.s.l. [above mean sea level]. Lone Tree Hill, the highest point on the property, rises from the center of the property and features panoramic views over the fields and forests to the lake and mountain ranges – From the Landmark Nomination form.
• Shelburne Farms is a nonprofit environmental education center and National Historic Landmark on the shores of Lake Champlain in Shelburne, Vermont. It is also one of the principal concert sites for the Vermont Mozart Festival.
Shelburne Farms was created in 1886 by Dr. William Seward Webb and Eliza Vanderbilt Webb as a model agricultural estate. They commissioned landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted [and forester Gifford Pinchot,] to guide the layout of 3,800 acres (15 km2) of farm, field and forest, and New York architect Robert Henderson Robertson, to design the buildings. Shelburne Farms was incorporated as a nonprofit educational facility in 1972. Nearly 400 acres (1.6 km2) of sustainably managed woodlands received Green Certification from the Forest Stewardship Council in 1998.
The Shelburne Farms grass-based dairy supports a herd of 125 purebred, registered Brown Swiss cows. Their milk is made into an award-winning farmhouse cheddar cheese. The farm serves as an educational resource by practicing rural land use that is environmentally, economically and culturally sustainable. Visitors may enjoy the walking trails, children’s farmyard, inn, restaurant, property tours and special events. – From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
☞ On August 11, 1980, this Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places (#80000330).
☞ On January 3, 2001, the National Park Service designated this Historic District a National Historic Landmark (#80000330), making it the newest Landmark in Vermont.
National Historic Landmarks are nationally significant historic places designated by the Secretary of the Interior because they possess exceptional value or quality in illustrating or interpreting the heritage of the United States. Today, fewer than 2,500 historic places bear this national distinction. – [And one of only 17 in Vermont.] – Working with citizens throughout the nation, the National Historic Landmarks Program draws upon the expertise of National Park Service staff who work to nominate new landmarks and provide assistance to existing landmarks.
National Historic Landmarks are exceptional places. They form a common bond between all Americans. While there are many historic places across the nation, only a small number have meaning to all Americans -- these we call our National Historic Landmarks. – from the National Park Service.
• More info: The GeoHack for 44°23′31.69″N 73°15′26.04″W. ∞ Here are the websites for Shelburne Farms, and The Inn at Shelburne Farms. ∞ Here's a nice aerial shot from the Find a Museum page by folks at The Vermont Museum and Gallery Alliance.
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In July, 2010, I started a project to visit and document all seventeen Landmarks in Vermont. Here they are (in order of designation by the National Park Service):
[01] 09/22/60 – JUSTIN S. MORRILL HOMESTEAD, Strafford, Orange County
[02] 01/28/64 – TICONDEROGA (Side-paddle-wheel Lakeboat), Shelburne, Chittenden County
[03] 06/23/65 – CALVIN COOLIDGE HOMESTEAD DISTRICT, Plymouth Notch, Windsor County
[04] 12/21/65 – EMMA WILLARD HOUSE, Middlebury, Addison County
[05] 11/13/66 – ROBBINS AND LAWRENCE ARMORY AND MACHINE SHOP, Windsor, Windsor County
[06] 06/11/67 – GEORGE PERKINS MARSH BOYHOOD HOME, Woodstock, Windsor County
[07] 05/23/68 – ROBERT FROST FARM, Ripton, Addison County
[08] 12/30/70 – VERMONT STATEHOUSE, Montpelier, Washington County
[09] 11/28/72 – MOUNT INDEPENDENCE, Orwell, Addison County
[10] 12/20/89 – STELLAFANE OBSERVATORY, Springfield, Windsor County
[11] 11/04/93 – NAULAKHA (Rudyard Kipling House), Dummerston, Windham County
[12] 06/19/96 – OLD ROUND CHURCH, Richmond, Chittenden County
[13] 06/19/96 – ST. JOHNSBURY ATHENAEUM, St. Johnsbury, Caledonia County
[14] 12/09/97 – ROKEBY, Ferrisburgh, Addison County
[15] 05/16/00 – ROCKINGHAM MEETING HOUSE, Windham County
[16] 05/16/00 – SOCIALIST LABOR PARTY HALL, Barre, Washington County
[17] 01/03/01 – SHELBURNE FARMS, Shelburne, Chittenden County
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☞ More photos of this and other National Historical Landmarks.
402nd Civil Affairs Functional Specialty Team surgeon Col. David Hayes, assigned to Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa (right), and members of the Rwanda Defense Force practice unloading litters Jan. 26, 2011, in Kigali.
Photo by Staff Sgt. Kathrine McDowell, Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa Public Affairs Office
Two Soldier from the 402nd Civil Affairs Battalion Functional Specialty Team took on a traveling contact team mission to Kigali, Rwanda, recently to facilitate a flight medic operations seminar for Rwanda Defense Force (RDF) battalion medical officers.
The Soldiers and their Rwandan hosts studied and exchanged ideas on medical evacuation procedures in support of the Rwandans’ pre-deployment preparations for the United Nations - African Mission in Darfur (UNAMID).
“Everyone knows that the Rwanda Army is a very disciplined people,” said Capt. Gisanura Ngabo, Rwanda Air Force general physician. “We have a thirst to know; we want to improve ourselves all the time and are ready to serve.”
The seminar came about in response to a request last year from the Rwandans during a military-to-military event. Medical personnel expressed their desire to have additional information presented about U.S. military medical evacuation procedures in conjunction with using rotary aircraft.
As Rwanda becomes the primary troop-contributor to UNAMID peace support operations, the medical evacuation demonstrations and lectures should enhance the RDF’s growing search and rescue capabilities, said RDF general physician William Kanyakole.
“This type of seminar is especially good for our forces going to support the peacekeeping mission in Darfur, because that is really where we are focused,” said RDF general physician William Kanyakole. “The information presented here is very relevant because it really puts us on the ground with knowledge and understanding to help incorporate our procedures to the UN way of doing things.”
Kanyakole went on to explain that since Rwanda will be able to use search and rescue (SAR) equipped helicopters in Darfur, RDF medical personnel can be more effective in treating battlefield casualties through triage and improvements in patient treatment in transit.
“You couldn’t triage patients on the battlefield,” Kanyakole said. “Darfur is an open land where you can be viewed over long distances, your numbers and even your weapons. You must load casualties, disappear and do triage later.”
The contact team Soldiers focused on practical exercises in triage; loading and unloading patients; landing zone preparations; and the nine-line medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) request — a radio transmission using standardized information used by soldiers to request the extraction of casualties from a battlefield by vehicle or aircraft.
“The airlift operations practical was important,” Kanyakole said. “It’s what we lack. Now that we will use helicopters for MEDEVAC it is important to know how to load and unload patients, how to call the helicopter for assistance and prepare the landing zone for their arrival.”
In the course of the weeklong exchange, soldiers from both nations came to realize that the fundamental differences between the two militaries’ approaches were few.
“There are some differences,” said 402nd Civil Affairs Battalion surgeon, Col. David Hayes. “I think a lot of the differences that we have identified have to do with the environment the RDF normally functions in. They have developed their methods, procedures and policies to fit the kinds of missions that they have been presented with.”
The seminar highlighted the benefits to be gained from partnering up with a friendly, but distinct, military force, said Kanyakole.
“It’s a very good experience,” Ngabo said. “You compare what other people do with what you do and improve where necessary. You can learn other techniques that you don’t use here because the terrain is quite different, so you learn a lot.”
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