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IN ENGLISH BELOW THE LINE
La Fortezza di Fenestrelle deu ser una de les fortificacions continues més grans del món, com a minim d'Europa. I a sobre situada en un terreny tant abrupte com els Alps piamontesos. Es troba a Val Cluson, una de les valls occitanes del Piamont (Val Chissone en italià).
La historia va començar el 1694, amb la construcció per part dels francesos de Fort Mutin, ara totalment en ruines, a la riba dreta del Chisone, al actual Piemont. Els saboiards l'assaltaren amb exit el 1708 i posteriorment tota la Val Chissone fou cedida als saboiards/piamontesos el 1713 (pel maleït tractat d'Utrech). Aquests decidiren complementar Fort Mutin amb un altre fortificació més gran a la riba esquerra del riu, dominant el poble de Fenestrelle (Finistrelas en occità). Es construí entre 1728-1793, i de nou entre 1836 i 1850, format per 3 nuclis principals, Forte San Carlo, Forte Tre Denti i Forte della Valle, units entre ells per una muralla molt llarga. De fet, s'anomena "la muralla xinesa dels Alps" a aquest fort per alguna raó. Les defenses tenen una llargada de més de tres quilometres i amb un desnivell de 635 metres. Una escala coberta recorre tota la llargada de la fortificació, i inclou quasi 4000 graons.
Sembla un "lloc comú", pero com moltes altres obres mastodontiques de defensa, Fenestrelle MAI va veure cap combat rellevant, però si va servir com a presó per a disidents politics. La mateixa historia que a llocs com San Ferran, a Figueres, o La Mola, a Menorca.
it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forte_di_Fenestrelle#Descrizione
www.youtube.com/watch?v=dJHWYwStUmg
www.youtube.com/watch?v=KrWxWRXoAHc
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The Fortezza di Fenestrelle must be one of the largest continuous fortifications in the world, at least in Europe. And on top of that, it is located in a terrain as steep as the Piedmontese Alps.
The story began in 1694, with the construction by the French of Fort Mutin, now completely in ruins, on the right bank of the Chisone river, in present-day Piedmont. The Savoyards successfully stormed it in 1708 and later the entire Val Chissone was ceded to the Savoyards/Piedmontese in 1713 (Treaty of Utrecht). They decided to complement Fort Mutin with another larger fortification on the left bank of the river, dominating the town of Fenestrelle. It was built between 1728-1793, and again between 1836 and 1850, made up of 3 main centres, Forte San Carlo, Forte Tre Denti and Forte della Valle, joined together by a very long wall. In fact, this fort is called the "Chinese Wall of the Alps" for a reason. The defenses have a length of more than three kilometers and a height difference of 635 meters. A covered staircase runs the entire length of the fortification, and includes almost 4000 steps.
It seems like a "common place", but like many other defense mammoths, Fenestrelle NEVER saw any relevant combat, but instead served as a prison for political dissidents. The same story as in places like San Ferran, in Figueres (Catalonia), or La Mola, in Menorca.
it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forte_di_Fenestrelle#Descrizione
Cfr. note¹ over the above image.
Picea abies is spontaneous in IT only in the alps and in 2 locations of northern appennines (Passo del Cerreto and Alta Valle del Sestaione) where its southern limit of distribution dates back to LGP. Campolino Natural Reserve, 2 km from the botanical garden, hosts a native P. abies woodland. Fossil pollen found in the peat bog of Greppo lake dates back to 21-10 kya. At that time many northern spp pushed southwards; when climate changed again, many of them became extinct in the newly colonized territories, remaining only in limited areas in relictual conditions.
NOTES
1. Cfr. N44.1266E10.6488G1.848E3H0.
Oman 2011 - Nizwa - La fortezza
Tutti i diritti riservati © 2012 **Elle**
Nessuna immagine o parte di essa può essere riprodotta o trasmessa in qualsiasi forma e con qualsiasi mezzo senza preventiva autorizzazione.
All rights reserved © 2012 by **Elle**
No images or part thereof may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means
Without prior permission.
Ein wunderschöner Ausblick von der Fortezza von Rethymno auf Kreta. Seit ihr schon mal auf Kreta gewesen? Was gehörte zu euren Lieblingsort auf Kreta?
A beautiful view from the Fortezza of Rethymno in Crete. Have you ever been to Crete? What was your favorite place in Crete?
[unbezahlte Werbung aufgrund von Markennennung] #greece #griechenland #crete #creta #kreta #mittelmeer #mediterraneansea #creteisland #cretegreece #greece_travel #greeceislands #greece_moments #greecelover_gr #greecetravelgr1_ #rethymno #fortezza #vacationgoals #vacationstyle #vacationtime #vacationvibes #holidaylove #holidayphotos #holidayfun #holidaymemories #ddmeb
The Castle of the Three Kings of Morro is the most emblematic of the Cuban fortresses. Its construction began in 1589 and concluded in 1630, by the Italian military engineer Juan Bautista Antonelli, on the east side of the access channel to the port of Havana.
El Castillo de los Tres Reyes del Morro es la más emblemática de las fortalezas cubanas. Su construcción comenzó en 1589 y concluyó en 1630, a cargo del ingeniero militar italiano Juan Bautista Antonelli, en el lado este del canal de acceso al puerto de La Habana.
Oman 2011 - Nizwa Fort
Tutti i diritti riservati © 2012 **Elle**
Nessuna immagine o parte di essa può essere riprodotta o trasmessa in qualsiasi forma e con qualsiasi mezzo senza preventiva autorizzazione.
All rights reserved © 2012 by **Elle**
No images or part thereof may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means
Without prior permission.
part of a venetian castle in rethymno. at the tourist information i asked for a job as a king...i won´t be qualified...pah!
Artwork of Hermann Josef Runggaldier at the exhibition "figura" in Franzensfeste (july 21 - october 21 2011)
Populonia fu un antico insediamento etrusco, di nome Fufluna (da Fufluns, dio etrusco del vino e dell'ebbrezza) o Pupluna, l'unica città etrusca sorta lungo la costa. Era una delle dodici città della Dodecapoli etrusca, le città-stato principali che facevano parte dell'Etruria, governate da un lucumone. L'acropoli della città storica corrisponde agli odierni Poggio del Castello e Poggio del Telegrafo, posti all'estremità sud-occidentale del Golfo di Baratti. Già in epoca arcaica, probabilmente, l'abitato si estese anche alle alture limitrofe e all'area del golfo, dove, oltre alle principali necropoli della città, è localizzato anche il quartiere industriale. Insieme a Volterra fu uno dei centri di maggiore attività mineraria e dell'industria metallurgica degli Etruschi.
E arriva il momento di contare,
tutte le pietre che hai accatastato.
Capire se il tuo muro ora è forte,
o se sotto attacco poi è crollato…
Dovrai allora essere fortezza,
non giunco di palude che si piega
ma muro che resiste, o che si spezza.
Orgogliosamente Resistente
Fortezza Michelangelo (Fort Michelangelo) is a large prominent structure on the waterfront at the Port of Civitavecchia.
Pope Julius II commissioned the forts construction by Italian architect Donato Bramante to defend the Port of Civitavecchia from the constant pirate incursions that, from the fifteenth century, threatened the security of the city with sacks, fires and slaughters.
The works of the Fort started from Bramantes' design were carried on by his pupils Giuliano Leno and Antonio da Sangallo il Giovane.
The fortress was finally completed in 1535 under the papacy of Pope Paulus III da Farnese.
Today Fort Michelangelo is Headquarters of the Port Captaincy.
Η Φορτέτζα είναι φρούριο στο Ρέθυμνο Κρήτης που κατασκευάστηκε από τους Ενετούς το 1573.
Στο κένρο βρίσκεται ένα μικρό ξωκλήσι, που εγκαινιάστηκε στις 21 Μαρτίου 1899 από το διοικητή των Ρωσικών δυνάμεων κατοχής του Ρεθύμνου.
The Fortezza (Greek: Φορτέτζα, from the Italian for "fortress") is the Venetian-era citadel of the city of Rethymno in Crete, Greece.
La Fortezza di Clissa, del X sec., nel medioevo appartenente ai Principi Croati, ma dal 1537 al 1647 caduta stto la dominazione Turca. Fu liberata dalle truppe della Reppublica Veneta comandate da Leonardo Foscolo, ma non fu mai ammessa ai possedimenti della Serenissima, ma posta sotto la tutela indipendente di un Provveditore...
The Fortress of Klis, of the tenth century. In the Middle Ages belonged to the Princes Croats, but from 1537 to 1647 fall stto the Turkish domination. Was liberated by troops of the Czech Veneta commanded by Leonardo Foscolo, but was never admitted to the possessions of the Venetian Republic, but in the care of an independent purveyor ...
Mi guardo indietro e ricordo questi giorni meravigliosi, ma non vedo l'ora che arrivino ancora 💪❤️
#yomequedoencasa
#fortaleza #fortezza #panorama #montelcino #toscana #italia #italy #paisaje #landscape #turismo #tourism #viajar #travel #street #pasear #takeawalk #shadow #photography #photographer #inspired_by_colour #MiFotoDR #miradzoom #sonyimages #sonyalphasclub #sonystas #sonyalpha #sonyalpha6000 #sonya6000 #manuelaaguaderophotography
📷:@manuelaaguaderophotography
The Venetian stronghold of Fortezza is built on top of a low hill above Rethymno Town, Crete. The hill is known as Paleokastro, which means old castle in Greek and suggests the existence of an older structure in that place. This huge fortress, with its turbulent history, was built between 1540 and 1570 by the Venetian maritime power as a bulwark against Turkish pirates. More than 100,000 Cretans on compulsory labor and over 40,000 pack animals were used in the construction of this mighty fortress. However, the Fortezza was conquered by the Turks in 1646. After many upheavals during the next three centuries, only the outer fortifications of the Fortezza remain intact and few buildings are still under restoration. The Fortezza is visible from every part of the town and provides the visitor a panoramic view of Rythymno town. The visitors enter from the East Gate through an impressive archway. Some of the many sights to see inside the Fortezza are the Ibraham Han Mosque, the Bastion of Santa Maria and the church of Agios Theodoros Trichinas. This orthodox chapel was built in 1899 by the Russian Governor of Rethymnon. The 20th century Theatre of Erofili is also inside the Fortezza and holds many cultural events every summer. This theatre got its name from the play of a local play writer, Georgios Chortatsis.
La Fortezza Vecchia è oggi il monumento nel quale è possibile leggere l'intera storia cittadina. La tradizione vuole che nell'XI secolo Matilde di Canossa faccia erigere una torre chiamata, appunto il Mastio di Matilde, a difesa e sorveglianza della costa, allora oggetto di frequentissime incursioni di pirati saraceni (in realtà, studi più recenti hanno evidenziato l'infondatezza di questa teoria, datando ad epoche successive l'erezione della torre circolare). Nel XIV secolo, ad opera di Francesco di Giovanni e Puccio di Landuccio, fu costruita una fortificazione di pianta quadrata attorno alla torre, la cosiddetta Quadratura dei Pisani, posta a sua difesa.
La Fortezza ha una pianta pentagonale, possenti mura in laterizio ed è circondata, eccetto un lato che si presenta interrato, dai fossi medicei, i canali navigabili che attraversano parte del centro storico della città. Durante l'invasione napoleonica nel 1796 i bastioni vennero in gran parte ristrutturati dai soldati francesi, e vi furono inserite fenditure per le bocche da fuoco.
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