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an Episode of David's Pointless Minute
Dr. Simeone explained how manufacturers developed winners from road cars into race cars! The 1953 The Jaguar C-Type, 1964 Shelby Daytona Coupe, and 1963 Corvette Grand Sport were featured.
Photo by Andrew Taylor
Lichtenstein meets Boccioni
'Wham!' (1963)
Roy Lichtenstein (1923-97).
Magna on Canvas.
'Whaam!' is based on an image from 'All American Men of War' published by DC comics in 1962. Throughout the 1960s, Lichtenstein frequently drew on commercial art sources such as comic images or advertisements, attracted by the way highly emotional subject matter could be depicted using detached techniques. Transferring this to a painting context, Lichtenstein could present powerfully charged scenes in an impersonal manner, leaving the viewer to decipher meanings for themselves. Although he was careful to retain the character of his source, Lichtenstein also explored the formal qualities of commercial imagery and techniques. In these works as in 'Whaam!', he adapted and developed the original composition to produce an intensely stylised painting.
Unique Forms of Continuity in Space (1913)
Umberto Boccioni (1882-1916)
Bronze sculpture, cast 1972
Boccioni's work was in plaster, never cast into bronze in his lifetime. This cast was made in 1972.
In the early years of the twentieth century, industrialisation swept across Italy. The Futurist movement was founded by writers and artists such as Umberto Boccioni, who enthused about new inventions such as cars and electricity. In Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, the figure is aerodynamically deformed by speed. Boccioni exaggerated the body''s dynamism so that it embodied the urge towards progress. The sculpture may reflect ideas of the mechanised body that appeared in Futurist writings, as well as the ''superman'' envisaged by the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche
[Tate website]
Vysehrad Cemetery is the graveyard attached to the Basilica of Saint Peter & Saint Paul in Vysehrad (notes at the end about the Vysehrad complex).
The complex is over a thousand years old, but the cemetery was only established in 1869, which explains the newness of the headstones. It's an active cemetery, though it seems pretty packed walking around. As noted below, this could basically be seen as the Czech pantheon, given the number of notable Czechs interred here from the arts, letters, and medicine.
Among those you'll find here (that non-Czechs may recognize, by name or contribution) are: Jan Neruda (a poet, and the man from whom Pablo Neruda took his pen name), Antonin Dvorak (composer of the New World Symphony), Josef & Karel Capek (brothers, Josef created the word "robot" and Karel used it in his play R.U.R., which introduced the word to the world), Karel Ancerl (conductor of the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra and Toronto Symphony Orchestra), Hana Maskova (1968 bronze medalist in Olympic figure skating), and Jan Evangelista Purkyne (who, in 1839, coined the term "protoplasm"). There are many others of note, and very ornate headstones -- hence this large set. I don't intend to slight anyone, so feel free to do some research on your own if you wish.
Vysehrad is a pretty neat place to visit in Prague, in my opinion -- especially if you want to relax away from tourists.
It has a combination of things that make it wonderful for me. Its history, its current use, its location (and views it affords), and what's left on site -- taken individually, warrant a visit in my world. Collectively? Winner.
We'll start with what Vysehrad was, which involves local beliefs and legends. The (unproven) thought is that this is the original site of Prague, founded by Duke Krok in...who knows what year? Duke Krok is a myth, though may have been real. And since he's a myth, his daughters, too, are mythical. One of them is Libuse, who has a "bath" here, and she can be found in some architecture around town. I recall seeing her on a building on Karlova.
Duke Kroc was the first duke of the Czech people. Princess Libuse, the youngest (and wisest) of his three daughters later became queen and married a ploughman named Premysl, founding the Premyslid dynasty (interesting...she's royalty, he's a commoner, yet the dynasty is named for him because he's a man...yea for sexism?). The three sisters had special powers (one a healer, one a magician, and Libuse could predict the future). She prophesied the founding of Prague in the 8th century. So believe the Czechs.
What does history tell us? Well, this fortress-castle has been here for a thousand years give or take. Precise origin dates are unknown (or I can't seem to find them). One of the buildings here -- St. Martin's Chapel -- is known to have been built sometime between 1060-1090, so we can say it's conservatively a thousand years old.
Part of the fun of the legend that could support its continuing existence is its location high on a bluff directly overlooking the Vltava River. It was a perfect place to build a defensive fortress, that eventually became a royal castle. As the city grew, and Prague Castle was built, Vysehrad's importance waned.
The two castles competed (kind of) for two centuries to be the most important in Prague. The heyday for Vysehrad was in the late 11th century (when St. Martin's Chapel was built). Vratislaus II, the first king of Bohemia (until him, all were dukes or duchesses) moved his seat of power here from Prague Castle, at which point the original Vysehrad fortress received a major upgrade: a new palatial home, a church, a chapter house.
Growth continued, but only for a short time. Vratislaus's son, Duke Sobeslav (I'm not sure why he was duke, if his dad was king) moved the royal seat right on back to Prague Castle.
The death knell for Vysehrad (as a royal residence) came when Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV (yeah, the same one for whom Charles Bridge is named) renovated Prague Castle to its current dimensions. Vysehrad was abandoned. However, Charles did renew the fortifications with new gates, a royal palace (though never official seat of government), and started repairing the basilica. This was early 14th century. About a hundred years later in 1420 at the start of the Hussite War, Vysehrad was rancasked. And again, a few decades later. Finally, Vysehrad was left to ruin...
...Until the Austrians came along. Austria-Hungary gained Czech lands as a prize of the Thirty Years' War, remodeling it as a baroque fortress, to use as a training center for their troops.
The main building that dominated Vysehrad (to this day) is the Basilica of St. Peter & St. Paul. It's pretty big. Hard to miss, for sure. Like St. Martin's Chapel, it was also (originally) built in the 11th century. Unlike little St. Martin's, though, the big fella was remodeled in the late 1300s and, again, by the Austrians in 1885 & 1887. It's now a neo-Gothic church. Also dating to this baroque renovation are the Tabor and Leopold gates.
So...what do you get when come to Vysehrad now? A city park, really. It's free to come and go (though I think going inside the church may cost a little money).
The bastion walls are fantastic to take a walk around and enjoy panoramic views of every part of the city, the river, the bridges, just to reflect on the here and now, and the past. The bastions are big enough, and long enough, that you can take some time to just do that alone. There are also benches if you want to relax and enjoy the view.
Inside the fortress walls, you'll find mostly wooded land (thanks to its having been abandoned) with the aforementioned church and chapel, plus some other historic recreations, a few trails, and...well, all around, pleasant places to be. There are a handful of statues around the grounds, including Good King Wenceslaus, and Princess Libuse.
Being as that it's a church -- and a large one -- there's also a church cemetery attached directly to the side and back of it. Creatively, it's called "Vysehrad Cemetery."
As far as cemeteries go, I've been to many, and this one has some of the most interesting headstones I've seen. Not only that, as far as Czechs go, this could almost be their Pantheon. While royalty are buried elsewhere (Prague Castle, for starters), the literati all seem to be buried here -- except Kafka. He's in the New Jewish Cemetery. And, not every famous Czech is buried here, of course, but quite a few prominent ones from arts and letters are taking their dirt naps here. At the end of the day, this is a big, beautiful public park, well worth a visit, and the locals love it. This seems to be one of the places they come to celebrate New Year's Eve. I love that it's not overrun by tourists, though hope that anyone who has read this can make it there and see for yourself.
This is a photograph from the SSE AIRTRICITY Dublin Marathon which was held in Dublin, Ireland on Bank Holiday Monday 26th October 2015 at 09:00.The Dublin Marathon has been held annually since 1980. The marathon course starts at Fitzwilliam Square in the city center and finishes at Merrion Square. For the past number of years there have been some changes to the configuration of the route at the start and finish due to traffic and transportation infrastructure work around the city center. However the majority of the race proceeds in an anti-clockwise direction around the city passing through the Phoenix Park, Chapelizod, Inchicore, South Circular Road, Walkinstown, Terenure, Clonskeagh, UCD, Stillorgan Dual Carriage Way, Ballsbridge and finishing up Northumberland Road and Mount Street. As always the organisation is first class and this seen just under 13,000 people complete the marathon course.
The weather conditions were not very good for marathon running with runners facing race and windy conditions around much of the course.
Overall the poor weather conditions did not make for very good photographic conditions particularly around the start and finish area where it was a little darker around the tall buildings and streets.
The full set of photographs from the start and the finish are available at our Flickr set for Dublin Marathon 2015 https://www.flickr.com/photos/peterm7/albums/72157658064057124
These pictures are completely unofficial photographs. We, or this Flickr account, are in no way professionally linked or related to the official photography from the Dublin Marathon 2015. We advise that you consult the official DCM 2015 photography services for other photographs while observing their terms of usage
USING OUR PHOTOGRAPHS - A QUICK GUIDE AND ANSWERS TO YOUR QUESTIONS
Can I use these photographs directly from Flickr on my social media account(s)?
Yes - of course you can! Flickr provides several ways to share this and other photographs in this Flickr set. You can share directly to: email, Facebook, Pinterest, Twitter, Tumblr, LiveJournal, and Wordpress and Blogger blog sites. Your mobile, tablet, or desktop device will also offer you several different options for sharing this photo page on your social media outlets.
BUT..... Wait there a minute....
We take these photographs as a hobby and as a contribution to the running community in Ireland. We do not charge for our photographs. Our only "cost" is that we request that if you are using these images: (1) on social media sites such as Facebook, Tumblr, Pinterest, Twitter,LinkedIn, Google+, VK.com, Vine, Meetup, Tagged, Ask.fm,etc or (2) other websites, blogs, web multimedia, commercial/promotional material that you must provide a link back to our Flickr page to attribute us or acknowledge us as the original photographers.
This also extends to the use of these images for Facebook profile pictures. In these cases please make a separate wall or blog post with a link to our Flickr page. If you do not know how this should be done for Facebook or other social media please email us and we will be happy to help suggest how to link to us.
I want to download these pictures to my computer or device?
You can download this photographic image here directly to your computer or device. This version is the low resolution web-quality image. How to download will vary slight from device to device and from browser to browser. Have a look for a down-arrow symbol or the link to 'View/Download' all sizes. When you click on either of these you will be presented with the option to download the image. Remember just doing a right-click and "save target as" will not work on Flickr.
I want get full resolution, print-quality, copies of these photographs?
If you just need these photographs for online usage then they can be used directly once you respect their Creative Commons license and provide a link back to our Flickr set if you use them. For offline usage and printing all of the photographs posted here on this Flickr set are available free, at no cost, at full image resolution.
Please email petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com with the links to the photographs you would like to obtain a full resolution copy of. We also ask race organisers, media, etc to ask for permission before use of our images for flyers, posters, etc. We reserve the right to refuse a request.
In summary please remember when requesting photographs from us - If you are using the photographs online all we ask is for you to provide a link back to our Flickr set or Flickr pages. You will find the link above clearly outlined in the description text which accompanies this photograph. Taking these photographs and preparing them for online posting takes a significant effort and time. We are not posting photographs to Flickr for commercial reasons. If you really like what we do please spread the link around your social media, send us an email, leave a comment beside the photographs, send us a Flickr email, etc. If you are using the photographs in newspapers or magazines we ask that you mention where the original photograph came from.
I would like to contribute something for your photograph(s)?
Many people offer payment for our photographs. As stated above we do not charge for these photographs. We take these photographs as our contribution to the running community in Ireland. If you feel that the photograph(s) you request are good enough that you would consider paying for their purchase from other photographic providers or in other circumstances we would suggest that you can provide a donation to any of the great charities in Ireland who do work for Cancer Care or Cancer Research in Ireland.
Let's get a bit technical: We use Creative Commons Licensing for these photographs
We use the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License for all our photographs here in this photograph set. What does this mean in reality?
The explaination is very simple.
Attribution- anyone using our photographs gives us an appropriate credit for it. This ensures that people aren't taking our photographs and passing them off as their own. This usually just mean putting a link to our photographs somewhere on your website, blog, or Facebook where other people can see it.
ShareAlike – anyone can use these photographs, and make changes if they like, or incorporate them into a bigger project, but they must make those changes available back to the community under the same terms.
Above all what Creative Commons aims to do is to encourage creative sharing. See some examples of Creative Commons photographs on Flickr: www.flickr.com/creativecommons/
I ran in the race - but my photograph doesn't appear here in your Flickr set! What gives?
As mentioned above we take these photographs as a hobby and as a voluntary contribution to the running community in Ireland. Very often we have actually ran in the same race and then switched to photographer mode after we finished the race. Consequently, we feel that we have no obligations to capture a photograph of every participant in the race. However, we do try our very best to capture as many participants as possible. But this is sometimes not possible for a variety of reasons:
►You were hidden behind another participant as you passed our camera
►Weather or lighting conditions meant that we had some photographs with blurry content which we did not upload to our Flickr set
►There were too many people - some races attract thousands of participants and as amateur photographs we cannot hope to capture photographs of everyone
►We simply missed you - sorry about that - we did our best!
You can email us petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com to enquire if we have a photograph of you which didn't make the final Flickr selection for the race. But we cannot promise that there will be photograph there. As alternatives we advise you to contact the race organisers to enquire if there were (1) other photographs taking photographs at the race event or if (2) there were professional commercial sports photographers taking photographs which might have some photographs of you available for purchase. You might find some links for further information above.
Don't like your photograph here?
That's OK! We understand!
If, for any reason, you are not happy or comfortable with your picture appearing here in this photoset on Flickr then please email us at petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com and we will remove it as soon as possible. We give careful consideration to each photograph before uploading.
I want to tell people about these great photographs!
Great! Thank you! The best link to spread the word around is probably http://www.flickr.com/peterm7/sets
This is a photograph from the 29th annual Bohermeen AC Patrick Bell 5KM Road Race, Jog, Walk, and Fun Run which was held at Bohermeen AC, Ardbracan, Navan, Co. Meath, Ireland on Saturday 7th June 2013 at 19:30. The race was held in very warm sunshine with little or no breeze: an almost perfect summer evening. The race commemorates Patrick Bell, the late Bohermeen clubman who died tragically in the summer of 1985 following a traffic accident, whilst returning home from Cork having competed in the National track championships. The wonderful atmosphere, the great racing and participation, the work by the club, Meath Athletics, the local community, and the wonderful weather is, yet again, a fitting tribute to Patrick's memory and his contribution to Athletics in Ireland. Congratulations to everyone involved. Everything that is good about grassroots athletics and running in Ireland was on show in Bohermeen tonight. The planned race route had to be changed at the last moment due to a funeral which was taking place in the area. This seen the race reverting back to it's old course which brought runners into Bohermeen village and through the bogs area of Ardbracan. The folks at Bohermeen AC and the local community host a barbeque, cook-out, and entertainment, as turf fires burn late into the night. One of the best after race atmospheres you are likely to find in Ireland. The race started at the school about 800m from the Bohermeen AC track and makes a left handed course around some beautiful rural country roads and turns back to Bohermeen Village and then back for the final kilometer which is straight to the track and the finish on about 60 meters of athletics track.
This is a set of photographs from the end of the race until about the 30 minute finish time. The full set is available at www.flickr.com/photos/peterm7/sets/72157645104318923/
Timing and event management was provided by Precision Timing. Results are available on their website at www.precisiontiming.net/result/racetimer with additional material available on their Facebook page (www.facebook.com/davidprecisiontiming?fref=ts) See their promotional video on YouTube: www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-7_TUVwJ6Q
Viewing this on a smartphone device?
If you are viewing this Flickr set on a smartphone and you want to see the larger version(s) of this photograph then: scroll down to the bottom of this description under the photograph and click the "View info about this photo..." link. You will be brought to a new page and you should click the link "View All Sizes".
Some Useful Links
Google Streetview of the Location of the Race: goo.gl/maps/bie74
Our Flickr Photograph Set of the Patrick Bell 5KM 2013 www.flickr.com/photos/peterm7/sets/72157634010225199/
Our Flickr Photograph Set of the Patrick Bell 5KM 2012 www.flickr.com/photos/peterm7/sets/72157630089542642/
The Patrick Bell 5KM Homepage on Bohermeen AC's website (includes results from previous years): www.bohermeenathleticclub.com/Bell.html
The Boards.ie Discussion Forum Thread about the Race: www.boards.ie/vbulletin/showthread.php?t=2056906331&p...
Bohermeen AC Facebook Page: www.facebook.com/bohermeen.ac?fref=ts
Can I use these photographs directly from Flickr on my social media account(s)?
Yes - of course you can! Flickr provides several ways to share this and other photographs in this Flickr set. You can share to: email, Facebook, Pinterest, Twitter, Tumblr, LiveJournal, and Wordpress and Blogger blog sites. Your mobile, tablet, or desktop device will also offer you several different options for sharing this photo page on your social media outlets.
We take these photographs as a hobby and as a contribution to the running community in Ireland. Our only "cost" is our request that if you are using these images: (1) on social media sites such as Facebook, Tumblr, Pinterest, Twitter,LinkedIn, Google+, etc or (2) other websites, blogs, web multimedia, commercial/promotional material that you must provide a link back to our Flickr page to attribute us.
This also extends the use of these images for Facebook profile pictures. In these cases please make a separate wall or blog post with a link to our Flickr page. If you do not know how this should be done for Facebook or other social media please email us and we will be happy to help suggest how to link to us.
I want to download these pictures to my computer or device?
You can download the photographic image here direct to your computer or device. This version is the low resolution web-quality image. How to download will vary slight from device to device and from browser to browser. However - look for a symbol with three dots 'ooo' or the link to 'View/Download' all sizes. When you click on either of these you will be presented with the option to download the image. Remember just doing a right-click and "save target as" will not work on Flickr.
I want get full resolution, print-quality, copies of these photographs?
If you just need these photographs for online usage then they can be used directly once you respect their Creative Commons license and provide a link back to our Flickr set if you use them. For offline usage and printing all of the photographs posted here on this Flickr set are available free, at no cost, at full image resolution.
Please email petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com with the links to the photographs you would like to obtain a full resolution copy of. We also ask race organisers, media, etc to ask for permission before use of our images for flyers, posters, etc. We reserve the right to refuse a request.
In summary please remember when requesting photographs from us - If you are using the photographs online all we ask is for you to provide a link back to our Flickr set or Flickr pages. You will find the link above clearly outlined in the description text which accompanies this photograph. Taking these photographs and preparing them for online posting does take a significant effort and time. We are not posting photographs to Flickr for commercial reasons. If you really like what we do please spread the link around your social media, send us an email, leave a comment beside the photographs, send us a Flickr email, etc. If you are using the photographs in newspapers or magazines we ask that you mention where the original photograph came from.
I would like to contribute something for your photograph(s)?
Many people offer payment for our photographs. As stated above we do not charge for these photographs. We take these photographs as our contribution to the running community in Ireland. If you feel that the photograph(s) you request are good enough that you would consider paying for their purchase from other photographic providers or in other circumstances we would suggest that you can provide a donation to any of the great charities in Ireland who do work for Cancer Care or Cancer Research in Ireland.
We use Creative Commons Licensing for these photographs
We use the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License for all our photographs here in this photograph set. What does this mean in reality?
The explaination is very simple.
Attribution- anyone using our photographs gives us an appropriate credit for it. This ensures that people aren't taking our photographs and passing them off as their own. This usually just mean putting a link to our photographs somewhere on your website, blog, or Facebook where other people can see it.
ShareAlike – anyone can use these photographs, and make changes if they like, or incorporate them into a bigger project, but they must make those changes available back to the community under the same terms.
Creative Commons aims to encourage creative sharing. See some examples of Creative Commons photographs on Flickr: www.flickr.com/creativecommons/
I ran in the race - but my photograph doesn't appear here in your Flickr set! What gives?
As mentioned above we take these photographs as a hobby and as a voluntary contribution to the running community in Ireland. Very often we have actually ran in the same race and then switched to photographer mode after we finished the race. Consequently, we feel that we have no obligations to capture a photograph of every participant in the race. However, we do try our very best to capture as many participants as possible. But this is sometimes not possible for a variety of reasons:
►You were hidden behind another participant as you passed our camera
►Weather or lighting conditions meant that we had some photographs with blurry content which we did not upload to our Flickr set
►There were too many people - some races attract thousands of participants and as amateur photographs we cannot hope to capture photographs of everyone
►We simply missed you - sorry about that - we did our best!
You can email us petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com to enquire if we have a photograph of you which didn't make the final Flickr selection for the race. But we cannot promise that there will be photograph there. As alternatives we advise you to contact the race organisers to enquire if there were (1) other photographs taking photographs at the race event or if (2) there were professional commercial sports photographers taking photographs which might have some photographs of you available for purchase. You might find some links for further information above.
Don't like your photograph here?
That's OK! We understand!
If, for any reason, you are not happy or comfortable with your picture appearing here in this photoset on Flickr then please email us at petermooney78 AT gmail DOT com and we will remove it as soon as possible. We give careful consideration to each photograph before uploading.
I want to tell people about these great photographs!
Great! Thank you! The best link to spread the word around is probably http://www.flickr.com/peterm7/sets
You should visit the Mythbusters site about this episode
www.discovery.com/tv-shows/mythbusters/videos/mythssion-c...
and buy the episode because it's some of the most beautifully done physics there is
www.amazon.com/gp/product/B003KZ5UHU/ref=dv_dp_ep6
It's the one called "Mythsion Control"
The square in kinetic energy helps explain the difference between the 50mph and 100mph crashes in the greatest Mythbusters episode ever.
Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh: Limiting the Damage of a Protracted Crisis
www.crisisgroup.org/asia/south-east-asia/myanmar-banglade...
Rohingya Refugee Crisis Explained
www.unrefugees.org/news/rohingya-refugee-crisis-explained/
Six Years of Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Bangladesh: From Here to Where?
www.spf.org/apbi/news_en/b_240627.html
The Rohingyas are a Muslim minority from the North Rakhine State in western Burma. Over the past forty years, the Burmese government has systematically stripped over 1 million Rohingya of their citizenship. Recognized as one of the most oppressed ethnic groups in the world, the Rohingya are granted few social, economic and civil rights. They are subjected to forced labor, arbitrary land seizure, religious persecution, extortion, the freedom to travel, and the right to marry. Because of the abuse they endure in Burma, hundreds of thousands of Rohingya have fled Burma to seek sanctuary in neighboring Bangladesh. In the refugee camps along the south east coast where they settle, most are not recognized as refugees and are considered illegal economic migrants. Unwanted and unwelcome, they receive little or no humanitarian assistance and are vulnerable to exploitation and harassment. In recent years, the Rohingya have paid brokers to smuggle them by boat from Bangladesh to Malaysia and even beyond to Australia, sparking the attention of governments throughout the region.
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has confirmed that the statelessness of the Rohingya is not just a Burma-related problem, but a problem with larger regional implications.
pulitzercenter.org/reporting/burma-bangladesh-muslim-mino...
pulitzercenter.org/reporting/rohingya-bangladesh-burma-my...
pulitzercenter.org/reporting/rohingya-burma-bangladesh-st...
www.doctorswithoutborders.org/publications/reports/2002/r...
blogs.mediapart.fr/edition/les-invites-de-mediapart/artic...
pulitzercenter.org/blog/week-review-inside-burma-presiden...
A woman tries to explain the passing of former Singapore prime minister Lee Kuan Yew to her son as they visit a tribute memorial outside the Istana palace in Singapore March 23, 2015. Lee passed away on early Monday morning aged 91. Photo by Tim Chong
Photo citation: Shannon Smith, FracTracker Alliance, 2021.
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FracTracker encourages you to use and share our imagery. Our resources can be used free of charge for noncommercial purposes, provided that the photo is cited in our format (found on each photo’s page).
If you wish to use our photos and/or videos for commercial purposes — including distributing them in publications for profit — please follow the steps on our ‘About’ page.
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Photo citation: Ted Auch, FracTracker Alliance, 2021.
Each photo label provides this information, explained below:
Photographer_topic-sitespecific-siteowner-county-state_partneraffiliation_date(version)
Photo labels provide information about what the image shows and where it was made. The label may describe the type of infrastructure pictured, the environment the photo captures, or the type of operations pictured. For many images, labels also provide site-specific information, including operators and facility names, if it is known by the photographer.
All photo labels include location information, at the state and county levels, and at township/village levels if it is helpful. Please make use of the geolocation data we provide - especially helpful if you want to see other imagery made nearby!
We encourage you to reach out to us about any imagery you wish to make use of, so that we can assist you in finding the best snapshots for your purposes, and so we can further explain these specific details to help you understand the imagery and fully describe it for your own purposes.
Please reach out to us at info@fractracker.org if you need more information about any of our images.
FracTracker encourages you to use and share our imagery. Our resources can be used free of charge for noncommercial purposes, provided that the photo is cited in our format (found on each photo’s page).
If you wish to use our photos and/or videos for commercial purposes — including distributing them in publications for profit — please follow the steps on our ‘About’ page.
As a nonprofit, we work hard to gather and share our insights in publicly accessible ways. If you appreciate what you see here, follow us on Twitter, Instagram, or Facebook @fractracker, and donate if you can, at www.fractracker.org/donate!
Venedig - Gondeln
Castello
Castello is the largest of the six sestieri of Venice, Italy.
History
There had been, since at least the 8th-century, small settlements of the islands of San Pietro di Castello (for which the sestiere is named). This island was also called Isola d'Olivo
From the thirteenth century onward, the district grew around a naval dockyard on what was originally the Isole Gemini. The land in the district was dominated by the Arsenale of the Republic of Venice, then the largest naval complex in Europe. A Greek mercantile community numbering around 5,000 in the Renaissance and late Middle Ages was based in this district, with the Flanginian School and the Greek Orthodox Church of San Giorgio dei Greci being located here, of which the former comprises the Hellenic Institute of Byzantine and Post-Byzantine Studies in Venice and the latter is now the seat of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Italy.
Other significant structures were by the monasteries in the north of the quarter.
Napoleon closed the Arsenal and planned what are now the Bienniale Gardens. More recently the island of Sant'Elena has been created, and more land drained at other extremities of Castello.
(Wikipedia)
The gondola (English: /ˈɡɒndələ/, Italian: [ˈɡondola]; Venetian: góndoła [ˈɡoŋdoɰa]) is a traditional, flat-bottomed Venetian rowing boat, well suited to the conditions of the Venetian lagoon. It is typically propelled by a gondolier, who uses a rowing oar, which is not fastened to the hull, in a sculling manner and also acts as the rudder. The uniqueness of the gondola includes its being asymmetrical along the length making the single-oar propulsion more efficient.
For centuries, the gondola was a major means of transportation and the most common watercraft within Venice. In modern times, the boats still do have a role in public transport in the city, serving as traghetti (small ferries) over the Grand Canal operated by two oarsmen.
Various types of gondola boats are also used in special regattas (rowing races) held amongst gondoliers. Their primary role today, however, is to carry tourists on rides at fixed rates. There are approximately 400 licensed gondoliers in Venice and a similar number of boats, down from the thousands that travelled the canals centuries ago. However, they are now elegantly crafted, instead of the various types of shabby homemade boats of the distant past.
History and usage
The gondola is propelled by a person (the gondolier) who stands on the stern facing the bow and rows with a forward stroke, followed by a compensating backward stroke. The oar rests in an elaborately carved wooden rest (forcola) shaped to project from the side of the craft so as to allow the slight drag of each return stroke to pull the bow back to its forward course. Because of the vessel's flat bottom it may also be "drifted" sideways when required. Contrary to popular belief, the gondola is never poled like a punt as the waters of Venice are too deep. Until the early 20th century, as many photographs attest, gondolas were often fitted with a "felze", a small cabin, to protect the passengers from the weather or from onlookers. Its windows could be closed with louvered shutters—the original "Venetian blinds".
After the elimination of the traditional felze—possibly in response to tourists' complaining that it blocked the view—there survived for some decades a kind of vestigial summer awning, known as the "tendalin" (these can be seen on gondolas as late as the mid-1950s, in the film Summertime (1955)). While in previous centuries gondolas could be many different colors, a sumptuary law of Venice required that gondolas should be painted black, and they are customarily so painted now.
The gondola has existed in Venice since the 11th century, being first mentioned by name in 1094. It is estimated that there were eight to ten thousand gondolas during the 17th and 18th century, but there are only around four hundred in active service today, with virtually all of them used for hire by tourists. Those few that are in private ownership are either hired out to Venetians for weddings or used for racing. Even though the gondola, by now, has become a widely publicized icon of Venice, in the times of the Republic of Venice it was by far not the only means of transportation; on the map of Venice created by Jacopo de' Barbari in 1500, only a fraction of the boats are gondolas, the majority of boats are batellas, caorlinas, galleys, and other boats. Now, only a handful of batellas survive, and caorlinas are used for racing only.
The historical gondola was quite different from its modern evolution; the paintings of Canaletto and others show a much lower prow, a higher "ferro", and usually two rowers. The banana-shaped modern gondola was developed only in the 19th century by the boat-builder Tramontin, whose heirs still run the Tramontin boatyard. The construction of the gondola continued to evolve until the mid-20th century, when the city government prohibited any further modifications.
In the 1500s an estimated 10,000 gondolas of all types were in Venice; in 1878 an estimated 4000 and now approximately 400.
The origin of the word "gondola" has never been satisfactorily established, despite many theories.
Current design
Today's gondola is up to 11 m long and 1.6 m wide, with a mass of 350 kg. They are made of 280 hand-made pieces using eight types of wood (lime, oak, mahogany, walnut, cherry, fir, larch and elm). The process takes about two months; in 2013, the cost of a gondola was about 38,000 euros. The oar or rèmo is held in an oarlock known as a fórcola. The forcola is of a complicated shape, allowing several positions of the oar for slow forward rowing, powerful forward rowing, turning, slowing down, rowing backwards, and stopping. The ornament on the front of the boat is called the fèrro (meaning iron) and can be made from brass, stainless steel, or aluminium. It serves as decoration and as counterweight for the gondolier standing near the stern.
Black-and-white photo on a gray day. In the foreground, four long, narrow boats float side-by-side, left to right, each loosely moored to one of the four tall poles standing in the water (two to each side). Some 30 meters away, in the background, a further row of 15 or 16 gondolas can be seen similarly moored near a railed walkway on the far side.
Every detail of the gondola has its own symbolism. The iron prow-head of the gondola, called "fero da prorà" or "dolfin", is needed to balance the weight of the gondolier at the stern and has an "Ƨ" shape symbolic of the twists in the Canal Grande. Under the main blade there is a kind of comb with six teeth or prongs ("rebbi") pointing forward standing for the six districts or "sestieri" of Venice. A kind of tooth juts out backwards toward the centre of the gondola symbolises the island of Giudecca. The curved top signifies the Doge's cap. The semi-circular break between the curved top and the six teeth is said to represent the Rialto Bridge. Sometimes three friezes can be seen in-between the six prongs, indicating the three main islands of the city: Murano, Burano and Torcello. This symbolism is likely influenced by the need to explain the shape to tourists, rather than the shape being influenced by those symbols, as they are not mentioned in any writings about the gondola prior to the current evolution of the shape of the Fero.
The gondola is also one of the vessels typically used in both ceremonial and competitive regattas, rowing races held amongst gondoliers using the technique of Voga alla Veneta.
Gondolieri
During their heyday as a means of public transports, teams of four men would share ownership of a gondola – three oarsmen (gondoliers) and a fourth person, primarily shore-based and responsible for the booking and administration of the gondola (Il Rosso Riserva).
However, as the gondolas became more of a tourist attraction than a mode of public transport all but one of these cooperatives and their offices have closed. The category is now protected by the Institution for the Protection and Conservation of Gondolas and Gondoliers, headquartered in the historical center of Venice.
The profession of gondolier is controlled by a guild, which issues a limited number of licenses (approximately 400), granted after periods of training (400 hours over six months) and apprenticeship, and a major comprehensive exam which tests knowledge of Venetian history and landmarks, foreign language skills, and practical skills in handling the gondola. Such skills are necessary in the tight spaces of Venetian canals. Gondoliers dress in a blue or red striped top, red neckerchief, wide-brimmed straw hat and dark pants. A gondolier can earn the equivalent of up to US$150,000 per year.
In August 2010, Giorgia Boscolo became Venice's first fully licensed female gondolier.
Alex Hai had begun work in gondolas earlier than Boscolo, in 2007, as Alexandra, but not with a full license because of failures to pass various tests. In June 2017, Hai came out as transgender and said that he had been working "in the body of a woman". Hai is the first openly transgender person to be a gondola operator in Venice. He continues to work as a private gondola operator for hotels and individual clients in a self-run business, Alex Hai Gondola Tours.
Outside of Venice
There are about a half dozen cities in the United States where gondolas are operated as tourist attractions, including New Orleans, the Charles River in Boston, Stillwater (Minnesota), New York's Central Park, and the Providence River in Rhode Island, as well as several in California. The annual U.S. Gondola Nationals competitions have been held since 2011, and feature American Gondoliers competing in sprints and slalom races,
References in literature and history
Gondola Races on the Grand Canal of Venice, by Grigory Gagarin (1830s) "Gondolinos, a slimmer and light-weight version of the gondola, were built for racing and elegant outings.
Mark Twain visited Venice in the summer of 1867. He dedicated much of The Innocents Abroad, chapter 23, to describing the curiosity of urban life with gondolas and gondoliers.
The first act of Gilbert and Sullivan's two-act comic operetta The Gondoliers is set in Venice, and its two protagonists (as well as its men's chorus) are of the eponymous profession, even though the political irony that makes up the core of the piece has much more to do with British society than with Venice.
(Wikipedia)
Castello ist der größte der sechs Stadtteile (Sestiere) der italienischen Lagunenstadt Venedig. Er liegt im nordöstlichen Teil der Stadt und reicht fast bis zum Markusplatz. Auch die Friedhofsinsel San Michele knapp 420 Meter nördlich sowie die auch mit Brücken verbundenen Inseln San Pietro di Castello und Sant’Elena unmittelbar (40 bzw. 12 Meter) östlich gehören zum Stadtteil. Der Name Castello leitet sich ab von der antiken, befestigten Residenz des Bischofs von Olivolo, die sich auf der gleichnamigen Insel befand. Heute erinnert auf der Insel, die jetzt San Pietro di Castello heißt, nur mehr das Fondamenta di Castel Olivolo an den alten Sitz der venezianischen Bischöfe.
Geprägt wird der Stadtteil durch das 32 Hektar große Arsenal (Werft und Waffenlager) und die ehemaligen Wohnanlagen für die Arsenalarbeiter.
Das Sestiere hat eine Fläche von 186 Hektar und hatte 2006 ungefähr 18.000 Einwohner, die sich auf die Pfarreien San Zaccaria (mit der Kirche Basilica di San Giorgio Maggiore), Santa Maria Formosa (mit den Kirchen San Lio und La Fava), San Zanipolo (mit San Lazzaro dei mendicanti im Ospedale civile), Santa Elena (auf der gleichnamigen Insel), San Piero Apostolo, San Giuseppe di Castello, San Francesco di Paola, San Martino Vescovo (mit Ca’ di Dio und San Biagio, Ordinariato militare), San Francesco della Vigna (mit Suore Francescane di Cristo Re und San Giovanni Battista di Malta), San Giovanni in Bragora (mit Pietà und Casa di riposo San Lorenzo), verteilen.
In Castello befand sich seit 1091 der Sitz des römisch-katholischen Patriarchen von Venedig. Bischofskirche war San Pietro di Castello. Erst nach dem Ende der Republik wurde die Basilika San Marco, die ehemalige Palastkapelle der Dogen, Sitz des Bischofs von Venedig. Aus dem alten Patriarchenpalast in Castello wurde eine Kaserne, heute ist er wie auch andere Paläste Venedigs, in einem pflegebedürftigen Zustand. Das Sestiere hatte im Jahr 1171 zwölf Contraden (Kirchengemeinden). 1586 war die Zahl auf 13 gestiegen.
Die im Osten von Castello liegenden Parkanlagen wurden 1810 während der französischen Herrschaft über Venedig angelegt, nachdem mehrere Kirchen und profane Bauten abgerissen worden waren. In der Parkanlage befinden sich Pavillons verschiedener Nationen, in denen während der Biennale Ausstellungen ausgerichtet werden. Entworfen wurden die Pavillons von Architekten, wie Scarpa, Stirling, Aalto. Sie bilden daher selbst ein kleines Museum zeitgenössischer Architektur.
Zu den bedeutenden Sehenswürdigkeiten Castellos zählen neben dem Arsenal, die Kirchen San Piero, San Francesco della Vigna, San Giovanni in Bragora, San Zaccaria, ehemals eines der reichsten und bedeutendsten Nonnenklöster der Stadt, sowie die bevorzugte Grablege der Dogen, die Dominikanerkirche Santi Giovanni e Paolo mit der benachbarten Scuola Grande di San Marco und dem Reiterdenkmal des Condottiere Bartolomeo Colleoni. Eine weitere, wegen ihrer Bilder berühmte Scuola in Castello ist die Scuola di San Giorgio degli Schiavoni mit den Fresken Vittore Carpaccios.
(Wikipedia)
Eine Gondel (ital. Gondola) ist ein venezianischer Bootstyp, der wahrscheinlich erstmals im 11. Jahrhundert aufkam. Es handelt sich um ein schmales Boot von bis zu 11 m Länge und 1,5 m Breite mit weit aufgebogenen Enden. Unter der traditionellen, heute aber aus der Mode geratenen, mittschiffs angeordneten Überdachung (felze) befinden sich Sitzplätze für zwei bis sechs Personen.
Geschichte
Das Wort gondola bezeichnete vor tausend Jahren alle flachen, kiellosen Boote, wie sie schon von den Römern für Fahrten auf seichten Flüssen gebaut worden waren. Aus dem späten 11. Jahrhundert ist ein Dokument erhalten, nämlich das von dem Dogen Vitale Falier ausgestellte Privilegium Laureti vom 4. Oktober 1094, das die Bewohner von Loreo vom Zwang, an den Dogen von Venedig ein gondulam zu liefern, befreit. Es ist unbekannt, ob diese Worte einen speziellen Bootstyp oder nur allgemein ein Boot bezeichnen und wie diese Boote aussahen. In jedem Falle war damit eine wiederkehrende Abgabe gemeint, die eine Reihe von Gemeinden zu leisten hatte. Die Boote wurden als gondole ornate bezeichnet, worin der „Schmuck“ bestand, ist unklar. Es handelt sich um die erste Erwähnung dieses Schiffstyps.
Vom 12. bis zum 14. Jahrhundert gab es einen Bootstyp, der scaula oder scola genannt wurde, ein flaches, langgestrecktes Boot, das seinen Namen nach der Seezunge (solea, sogliola) erhalten haben soll. Vielleicht ist daraus im Laufe der Zeit gondola geworden. Ableitungen von griech./lat. cymbae/cimbula „kleines Boot, Nachen“ oder von griech. kondu oder concula „Tasse“, von kondylion „Kasten“, von kontos „kurz“ und helas „Schiff“ oder von kuntò „treiben, rudern, schieben“ sind umstritten. 1292 ist erstmals in einer Urkunde die Bezeichnung für den anderen bedeutenden venezianischen Bootstyp sàndolo überliefert. Die älteste Baubeschreibung einer Gondel ist erst mit dem Buch Über die Kunst, Boote zu bauen, von Teodoro de Nicoló aus dem 14. Jahrhundert überliefert. Die Bauformen waren aber nicht völlig einheitlich und änderten sich im Verlaufe der Jahrhunderte. Ursprünglich gab es Gondeln in allen möglichen Farben und die damaligen venezianischen Adels- und Patrizierhäuser suchten sich gegenseitig in der prachtvollen Ausstattung der Boote zu überbieten. Um der ungezügelten Prunksucht Einhalt zu gebieten, erließ während der Regierungszeit Gerolamo Priulis der Senat von Venedig 1562 das auch von der Kirche unterstützte Aufwandgesetz, welches eine einheitliche schwarze Ausstattung für alle Gondeln – außer die der ausländischen Gesandten und auch zu Festen gab es Ausnahmen – vorschrieb. Im 16. Jahrhundert zählte man mehr als 10.000 Gondeln in der Stadt.
Die moderne Gondel, wie sie heute noch gebräuchlich ist, gibt es erst seit Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts: Ein schmales Boot von 10,83 bis 11,10 Meter Länge, 1,38 bis 1,42 Meter Breite, einem Freibord (altessa) von 50 bis 55 Zentimetern und mit weit aufgebogenen Enden. Diese Konstruktion wurde 1882 bis 1884 vom Bootsbauer Domenico Tramontin entwickelt. Er kürzte das Boot auf der (rechten) Steuerbordseite um etwa 24 cm, gab ihm so eine Krümmung, so dass es leichter von einer hinten links stehenden, rechts rudernden Person gerudert werden kann. Zuvor wurden Gondeln üblicherweise von zwei Gondolieri gerudert. Bildliche Darstellungen beweisen aber, dass geschickte Ruderer auch schon früher allein fuhren. Ob es schon vor der Tramontin-Gondel leicht gebogene Konstruktionen gegeben hat, ist unter Experten umstritten. Eine Gondel von Domenico Tramontin – die älteste noch vollständig erhaltene und wegen ihres Alters nicht mehr schwimmfähige Gondel – aus dem Jahr 1890 steht im Palazzo Barbaro am Canal Grande/Rio della Fornace auf Dorsoduro nahe dem Traghetto S.Maria del Giglio – S.Gregorio.
Fahrtechnik
Die moderne Gondola wird von einem auf dem Heckschnabel (poppa) (links hinten) stehenden Gondoliere mit nur einem Riemen (remo) vorwärts bewegt. Der mehrere Meter lange Riemen liegt in einer besonderen Vorrichtung, der Gabel (forcola), die in eine rechteckige Öffnung im Bootskörper auf der Steuerbordseite (trincarino) gesteckt wird. Zum Ausgleich des einseitigen Vortriebs ist der Bootskörper entlang der Mittelachse asymmetrisch gebaut; die linke Seite (Backbord) ist stärker gewölbt als die rechte Steuerbordseite, sodass seine Kontur auf der Steuerbordseite etwa 0,25 m kürzer ist als an der Backbordseite. Die Technik des Vortriebs der Gondel ähnelt jener des Wriggens mit dem Unterschied, dass beim Wriggen der Riemen achteraus gerichtet ist, wohingegen der Riemen der Gondel seitlich schräg ins Wasser getaucht wird.
Aufbau
Eine Gondel besteht aus neun verschiedenen Hölzern, die nach Gewicht, Alter und Trockenheit ausgelesen sind und bestimmten Aufgaben dienen. Eichenholz verwendet man für die beiden oberen Planken und für die Rippen am Leib der Gondel, Kiefer für den Boden und das Vordeck, Lärche für die Seiten und das Hinterdeck, Nussbaum für den Sitz und die vordere Bank, Kirsche für die hintere Bank und für die schiefe Plattform. Ulme und Tanne werden für die Innenbretter, Linde für die Verzierung des Bugs, Ramin verwendet man für die Riemenstange und die Fläche des Riemens ist aus Buchenholz. Die Riemengabel, Forcola genannt, besteht aus Nussbaumholz. Der Rumpf einer Gondel setzt sich aus 280 Teilen zusammen. Der Bau einer Gondel benötigt etwa fünfhundert Stunden. Eine mittlere Gondel kostet durchschnittlich 25.000 Euro. Im Jahre 2017 kostete eine 30-minütige Gondelfahrt ohne Gesang durchschnittlich tagsüber 80 €, abends ab 19:00 Uhr 35 Minuten 100 €.
2005 befanden sich vier Gondelwerften in Venedig, eine im Sestiere Dorsoduro bei San Trovaso, Tramontin am Rio Ognissanti und Crea im Centro Nautico auf der Giudecca und Roberto dei Rossi, ebenfalls auf der Giudecca, hinter dem Redentore. Die forcole werden in kleinen Spezialwerkstätten gefertigt, eine in der Calle Corta Rotta, bei S. Zaccaria, die andere nahe dem Guggenheim Museum von Saverio Pastor.
Inzwischen gehen immer mehr Werften dazu über, die Gondeln vermehrt aus Sperrholz zu bauen, da es preiswerter, haltbarer und leichter ist.
Bugbeschlag
Ursprünglich nur als Gegengewicht zum Gondoliere, heute auch als Schmuck und Symbol für die Stadt Venedig trägt der Bug des leichten Fahrzeuges am oberen Ende einen etwa 22 kg schweren Metallbeschlag (Metallschweif), den ferro di prua, der oben in einer Art Horn in der Form der Fischermütze endet, welche die Dogen in ihrer Staatstracht als Kopfbedeckung trugen. Darunter springen sechs Zacken hervor. Diese symbolisieren, so eine heute übliche Deutung, wiederum die sechs Sestieri (Stadtteile) von Venedig: San Marco, Dorsoduro, San Polo, Cannaregio, Castello und Santa Croce. Der nach hinten gerichtete Zacken soll für die Giudecca stehen.
Nummerntafel
Nachdem 2013 bei einem Bootszusammenstoß ein deutscher Tourist ums Leben kam, wurde mit 1. Dezember 2014 die Pflicht zu Führung von Tafeln mit einer weißen Nummer auf schwarzem Grund und von Retroreflektoren eingeführt. Die Gondolieri wurden jedoch von der Verpflichtung, einen GPS-Logger zu betreiben, ausgenommen.
Verschiedene Typen von venezianischen Booten
Sanpierota – Ein Mehrzweckboot, geeignet zum Segeln, zum Rudern und meistens sichtbar mit einem Außenborder versehen.
Ballotina – Gondelähnliches Boot mit anderem Bugbeschlag, früheres Polizeiboot.
Desdotona – Von 18 Mann/Frauen gerudertes Boot, mit dem die Umzüge auf dem Wasser eröffnet werden.
Caorlina – Beliebtes Regattaboot für sechs Ruderer, aus dem Caorle stammend.
Gondolino – Eigens für die Regatten entworfene kleine Gondel, sehr schnell, für zwei Ruderer.
Mascerata da regata – Beliebtes Boot der Frauenregatten. Typischer schmaler Rumpf.
Sandolo s'ciopon – Mit acht Metern Länge das kleinste Boot der Lagune, in früheren Zeiten zum Entenjagen gebaut.
Sandolo Buranello – Älter als die Gondel, eine Fahrt wird aber günstiger angeboten, da keine Ente (Berufsvereinigung) existiert.
Sandolo puparin – Mit neun bis zehn Metern Länge das größte Sandolo und wie die Gondel asymmetrisch gebaut.
(Wikipedia)
Ein Gondoliere (Plural: Gondolieri) ist der Führer einer venezianischen Gondel.
Fahren der Gondola
Der Gondoliere steht am Heckschnabel der Gondola und bewegt diese mit einem einzigen, steuerbordseitigen Ruder, dem Remo. Dieses ist in einer Holzgabel, der Forcula, gelagert. Darüber hinaus verwendet er zum Manövrieren Hausmauern und andere, entgegenkommende Boote, von denen er sich mit dem Bein abstößt. So ist der Gondoliere nicht nur in der Lage, die Gondola sowohl vorwärts als auch rückwärts zu bewegen – um einige sehr niedrige Brücken über die venezianischen Kanäle zu passieren, nutzt der Gondoliere zusätzlich das Mittel der Gewichtsverlagerung, um die Gondel auf Schlagseite zu legen.
Rahmenbedingungen
Bis ins 19. Jahrhundert hatten Haushalte in Venedig eigene Gondeln mit Gondolieri, die zum Dienstpersonal gehörten. Es gab aber auch immer Gondolieri, die Eigner oder Miteigner der Gondola waren. Mit dem zunehmenden Massentourismus seit Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, der wesentlich durch die Erfindung der Eisenbahn bewirkt wurde, kommerzialisierte sich auch der Gondeldienst, der wachsende Einnahmen bringt, die aber auch ausfielen, wenn der Tourismus einbrach (Erster und Zweiter Weltkrieg, Wirtschaftskrisen). Es gibt Gerüchte, dass die Einnahmen einer Gondola in der Saison (von April bis Oktober) bei ca. 500 € am Tag, also 15.000 € im Monat lägen. Wirklich belegt ist das nicht.
Am 12. Juli 1868 war eine Gesellschaft der Gondolieri, die Società di Muto Soccorso, gegründet worden, die 1883 zur Cooperativa Vittorio Fasan wurde und ab 1943 nach Daniele Manin benannt war. 1997 wurde sie zu einer Genossenschaft umgestaltet. Der Betrieb der Gondeln ist inzwischen in Venedig durch genaue Vorgaben und Lizenzierung reglementiert. Die Lizenzen sind in der Anzahl limitiert und sehr begehrt. Eine Lizenz könne man nur erlangen, wenn ein Gondoliere in den Ruhestand geht oder seine Lizenz abgibt. Früher seien die Lizenzen nur vererbt worden, wird behauptet. Tatsache ist, dass eine staatliche Prüfung als Voraussetzung zur Erteilung einer Lizenz als kommerzieller Gondelführer erst im Jahre 2006 eingeführt wurde. Für die Führung einer Privatgondel (z. B. hoteleigene) bedarf es, wie für die Führung aller Boote in Venedig, insofern sie nicht geschäftlich genutzt werden, keiner Lizenz.
Gondoliera
2010 brach erstmals eine Frau in die traditionelle Männerdomäne ein: Giorgia Boscolo, Tochter eines Gondoliere, die sich nach bestandener Prüfung offiziell als Gondoliera in die Männerriege einreihen durfte. Ihre deutsch-amerikanische Kollegin Alexandra Hai, die zuvor schon in einigen Medien fälschlich als erste Gondoliera bezeichnet worden war, bestand die Prüfung trotz mehrerer Anläufe nie, weshalb sie – nicht in offizieller Mission – auch nur die Gäste einer kleinen Hotelkette befördern konnte. 2017 wurde bekannt, dass sie sich einer Geschlechtsangleichung unterzogen hatte: Aus Alexandra wurde Alex, ein Mann.
Die einzige deutsche Gondoliera ist Ina Mierig, die ihre Gondel auf den Kanälen Hamburgs fährt.
(Wikipedia)
Philippines Marines explain the properties of their M-35 6x6 truck to U.S. Marine Sgt. Carlos A. Jimenez at Marine Barracks Rudiardo Brown, Fort Bonifacio, Tuguig City, Manila, Republic of the Philippines, Oct. 1 during Amphibious Landing Exercise 2014. The recurrence of PHIBLEX, now in its 30th iteration, demonstrates the commitment of the U.S. and Republic of the Philippines to mutual security and their longtime partnership. Jimenez is a motor transport operator with Combat Logistics Regiment 3, 3rd Marine Logistics Group, III Marine Expeditionary Force, which is currently part of the logistics combat element for 3d Marine Expeditionary Brigade, III MEF. The Philippine Marines are with Motor Transport and Maintenance Battalion, Combat Service Support Brigade, Philippine Marine Corps. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Lance Cpl. David N. Hersey/released)
Jon Magnuson, Executive Director of the nonprofit Cedar Tree Institute in Marquette Michigan th
906-2285494
magnusonx2@charter.net
EarthKeepers II (EK II) Project Coordinator Kyra Fillmore Ziomkowski explains creating 30 interfaith community gardens (2013-2014) across the Upper Peninsula of Michigan that include vegetables and native species plants that encourage and help pollinators like bees and butterflies.
The video was shot on April 5, 2013 at the Big Bay Point Lighthouse Bed and Breakfast in Big Bay, MI during a meeting of EK II representatives.
An Interfaith Energy Conservation and Community Garden Initiative Across the Upper Peninsula of Michigan to Restore Native Plants and Protect the Great Lakes from Toxins like Airborne Mercury in cooperation with the EPA Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, U.S. Forest Service, 10 faith traditions and Native American tribes such as Keweenaw Bay Indian Community
10 faiths: Roman Catholic" "Episcopal" "Jewish" "Lutheran" "Presbyterian" "United Methodist" "Bahá'í" "Unitarian Universalist" "American Friends" "Quaker" "Zen Buddhist" "
EK II website
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Great Lakes National Program Office
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Manistique, MI
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Presbytery of Mackinac
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First UMC of Hermansville
United Methodist Church Marquette District
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Marquette, MI
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Marquette, MI
ELCA
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Temple Beth Sholom
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Calvary Lutheran Church
Rapid River, MI
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Eastern Region 9
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www.templebethsholom-ishpeming.org
www.templebethsholom-ishpeming.org/tikkun
www.templebethsholom-ishpeming.org/aboutus
Wild Rice: 8 videos
www.learningfromtheearth.org/video-interviews/wild-rice-m...
Birch – 2 videos
www.learningfromtheearth.org/video-interviews/paper-birch...
Photos (click on each name or topic to see the respective photo galleries):
www.learningfromtheearth.org/photo-gallery
www.picasaweb.google.com/Yoopernewsman/JonReport?authuser...
www.picasaweb.google.com/100329402090002004302/JonReport?...
“Albert Einstein speculated once that if bees disappeared off the surface of the earth, then humans would have only four years of life left.”
the late Todd Warner, KBIC Natural Resource Director
Links:
Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project website:
Cedar Tree Institute: Zaagkii Project
www.cedartreeinstitute.org/2010/07/wings-seeds-zaagkii-pr...
www.cedartreeinstitute.org/2009/01/wings-seeds-the-zaagki...
Zaagkii Project Videos on youtube (also uploaded to dozens of internet sites):
KBIC Pollinator Preservation
www.indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/ictarchives/2008/0...
Zaagkii Project Indigenous Plants Help Give New Face to Sand Point on Keweenaw Bay www.indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/ictarchives/2008/0...
Zaagkii Project 2010: U.S. Forest Service & Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Native Plants Greenhouse
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hoq5xXHDF4E
United States Forest Service sponsored Zaagkii Project featured on Pollinator Live
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8P3DPfxx7Jw
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #9: Teens Painting Mason Bee Houses in Northern Michigan
www.youtube.com/watch?v=QIIV6jrlT20
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #8: Marquette, Michigan Teens Build Mason Bee Houses
www.youtube.com/watch?v=c3MBfV7ION8
Zaagkii Project Butterfly Houses: Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, U.S. Forest Service
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGQScEI9x7Q
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #6: "The Butterfly Lady" Susan Payant teaches teens about Monarchs
www.youtube.com/watch?v=JlIgsuTFSuM
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #5: Terracotta half-life, Marquette, MI band supports environment projects
www.youtube.com/watch?v=JqlFCHwW30o
2009 Zaagkii Video #4: Michigan teens meet 150,000 swarming honeybees with beekeeper Jim Hayward
www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2B4MEzM7w4
2009 Zaagkii Video #3: Michigan teens give away mason bee houses, honor supporters
www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqfWeEgDxTY
2009 Zaagkii Project #2: Historic KBIC native plants greenhouse, USFS protects pollinators
www.youtube.com/watch?v=vg8H5nhvzzc
2009 Zaagkii Project #1: Students make bee houses, plant native species plants
www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8jqJAQyXwE
Zaagkii Project Butterfly Houses: Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, U.S. Forest Service:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGQScEI9x7Q
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds Project: Northern Michigan teens, KBIC tribal youth protect pollinators
www.youtube.com/watch?v=VoPJOXHt7pI
Zaagkii Project – Northern Michigan University:
www.webb.nmu.edu/Centers/NativeAmericanStudies/SiteSectio...
Native Village stories: Beautiful Layout by Owner Gina Boltz:
Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project: A Project by Ojibwe Students from the Keweenah Bay Indian Community
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
NMU Students Join Pollinator Protection Initiative
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
KBIC Tribal youth protect pollinators
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
Teens Help with Sweet Nature Project
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
USFS Success Stories:
Restoring Native Plants on the Enchanted Island
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=6274
Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Native Plant Greenhouse & Workshop
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=5499
Intertribal Nursery Council Annual Meeting a Success
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=6276
New Greenhouse for KBIC Restoration
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=5336
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds - An Update
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=5076
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds Project
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=4025
News Stories:
U.P. teens build butterfly houses, grow 26,000 indigenous plants
www.miningjournal.net/page/content.detail/id/519835.html?...
Effort to protect pollinators launched
www.miningjournal.net/page/content.detail/id/512810.html
Marquette Monthly (Sept. 2009):
www.mmnow.com/mm_archive_folder/09/0909/feature.html
As bees die, Keweena Bay Indian Community adults, teens actively protect pollinators
www.nativetimes.com/index.php?option=com_content&view...
Michigan Teens Build Butterfly Houses and Plant 26,000 Native Plants through the Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project
www.treehugger.com/culture/michigan-teens-build-butterfly...
Examples of numerous Gather.com articles with lots of photos/videos:
Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project: Northern Michigan teens and KBIC tribal youth are protecting pollinators by building butterfly houses and planting native plants
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474977550233
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds Project: Protecting Pollinators
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474977428640
2009 Zaagkii Project #2: Keweenaw Bay Indian Community in 2010 to build first Native American native species plants greenhouse on tribal property in U.S.
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474978040745
2009 Zaagkii Project #1: Northern Michigan Teens Protect Pollinators with U.S. Forest Service, Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, NMU Center for Native American Studies: Build mason bee houses, butterfly houses, distribute thousands of native species plants
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474978040729
Zaagkii Project Internet sites – blogs, photos, videos etc.:
ZaagkiiProject on flickr
www.flickr.com/photos/zaagkiiproject
www.flickr.com/people/zaagkiiproject
Zaagkii on youtube:
Zaagkii on bliptv:
Zaagkii on word press:
www.zaagkiiproject.wordpress.com
Zaagkii on Blogger:
www.zaagkiiproject.blogspot.com
Zaagkii on Photobucket:
www.photobucket.com/ZaagkiiProjectWingsSeeds
www.photobucket.com/ZaagkiiProjectWingsSeeds/?start=all
Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project website:
Cedar Tree Institute: Zaagkii Project
cedartreeinstitute.org/2010/07/wings-seeds-zaagkii-project
cedartreeinstitute.org/2009/01/wings-seeds-the-zaagkii-pr...
Zaagkii Project Videos on youtube (also uploaded to dozens of internet sites):
KBIC Pollinator Preservation
indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/ictarchives/2008/08/15...
Zaagkii Project Indigenous Plants Help Give New Face to Sand Point on Keweenaw Bay indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/ictarchives/2008/09/03...
Zaagkii Project 2010: U.S. Forest Service & Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Native Plants Greenhouse
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hoq5xXHDF4E
United States Forest Service sponsored Zaagkii Project featured on Pollinator Live
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8P3DPfxx7Jw
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #9: Teens Painting Mason Bee Houses in Northern Michigan
www.youtube.com/watch?v=QIIV6jrlT20
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #8: Marquette, Michigan Teens Build Mason Bee Houses
www.youtube.com/watch?v=c3MBfV7ION8
Zaagkii Project Butterfly Houses: Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, U.S. Forest Service
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGQScEI9x7Q
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #6: "The Butterfly Lady" Susan Payant teaches teens about Monarchs
www.youtube.com/watch?v=JlIgsuTFSuM
2009 Zaagkii Project Vid #5: Terracotta half-life, Marquette, MI band supports environment projects
www.youtube.com/watch?v=JqlFCHwW30o
2009 Zaagkii Video #4: Michigan teens meet 150,000 swarming honeybees with beekeeper Jim Hayward
www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2B4MEzM7w4
2009 Zaagkii Video #3: Michigan teens give away mason bee houses, honor supporters
www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqfWeEgDxTY
2009 Zaagkii Project #2: Historic KBIC native plants greenhouse, USFS protects pollinators
www.youtube.com/watch?v=vg8H5nhvzzc
2009 Zaagkii Project #1: Students make bee houses, plant native species plants
www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8jqJAQyXwE
Zaagkii Project Butterfly Houses: Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, U.S. Forest Service:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGQScEI9x7Q
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds Project: Northern Michigan teens, KBIC tribal youth protect pollinators
www.youtube.com/watch?v=VoPJOXHt7pI
Zaagkii Project – Northern Michigan University:
webb.nmu.edu/Centers/NativeAmericanStudies/SiteSections/A...
Native Village stories: Beautiful Layout by Owner Gina Boltz:
Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project: A Project by Ojibwe Students from the Keweenah Bay Indian Community
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
NMU Students Join Pollinator Protection Initiative
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
KBIC Tribal youth protect pollinators
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
Teens Help with Sweet Nature Project
www.nativevillage.org/Messages%20from%20the%20People/KBIC...
USFS Success Stories:
Restoring Native Plants on the Enchanted Island
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=6274
Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Native Plant Greenhouse & Workshop
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=5499
Intertribal Nursery Council Annual Meeting a Success
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=6276
New Greenhouse for KBIC Restoration
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=5336
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds - An Update
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=5076
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds Project
www.fs.fed.us/r9/ssrs/story?id=4025
News Stories:
U.P. teens build butterfly houses, grow 26,000 indigenous plants
www.miningjournal.net/page/content.detail/id/519835.html?...
Effort to protect pollinators launched
www.miningjournal.net/page/content.detail/id/512810.html
Marquette Monthly (Sept. 2009):
mmnow.com/mm_archive_folder/09/0909/feature.html
As bees die, Keweena Bay Indian Community adults, teens actively protect pollinators
nativetimes.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=art...
Michigan Teens Build Butterfly Houses and Plant 26,000 Native Plants through the Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project
www.treehugger.com/culture/michigan-teens-build-butterfly...
Examples of numerous Gather.com articles with lots of photos/videos:
Zaagkii Wings and Seeds Project: Northern Michigan teens and KBIC tribal youth are protecting pollinators by building butterfly houses and planting native plants
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474977550233
Zaagkii Wings & Seeds Project: Protecting Pollinators
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474977428640
2009 Zaagkii Project #2: Keweenaw Bay Indian Community in 2010 to build first Native American native species plants greenhouse on tribal property in U.S.
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474978040745
2009 Zaagkii Project #1: Northern Michigan Teens Protect Pollinators with U.S. Forest Service, Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, NMU Center for Native American Studies: Build mason bee houses, butterfly houses, distribute thousands of native species plants
www.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474978040729
Zaagkii Project Internet sites – blogs, photos, videos etc.:
ZaagkiiProject on flickr
www.flickr.com/photos/zaagkiiproject
www.flickr.com/people/zaagkiiproject
Zaagkii on youtube:
Zaagkii on bliptv:
Zaagkii on word press:
Zaagkii on Blogger:
Zaagkii on Photobucket:
#leuropachescelgo
"E non chiedete nulla, ma solo e soltanto che l'unica libertà che lo Stato e i partiti vi riconoscono a parole, quella di scegliervi i vostri rappresentanti, non sia una mistificazione. Giacché il mandato politico, nella sua vera essenza, è solo e soltanto un atto di fiducia degli uomini in un uomo". (Adriano Olivetti)
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Chi sono: www.niccolorinaldi.it/chi-sono/biografia.html
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I miei impegni: www.niccolorinaldi.it/chi-sono/impegni.html
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Cosa ho fatto dal 2009 al 2014 : www.niccolorinaldi.it/chi-sono/cronaca-del-lavoro-al-parl...
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Sezione Trasparenza: www.niccolorinaldi.it/trasparenza.html
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Estratto dalla newsletter EUROPEA 58:
www.niccolorinaldi.it/chi-sono/europee/2139-europea-58.html
Tre propositi da tenere a mente, bisognerà conquistare i voti uno a uno, e per farlo niente vanità da politica salottiera/televisiva, giustizia sociale e valori, e non tradire anche noi "la più massimalista delle utopie minimaliste di oggi: l'Unione europea", consapevoli che "gli errori dell'Europa non andrebbero risolti rinunciando all'Europa, ma rinunciando agli errori" (cito sempre Zoja).
1. Dopo sessanta mesi
Eccoci al rompete le righe, plenaria finale del Parlamento, ma in giro non c'è il clima eccitato dell'ultimo giorno di scuola. Molti deputati "uscenti" si chiedono: cosa ne sarà di me? Un po' tutti si chiedono: che Europa sortirà dal prossimo voto? Procedo tranquillo, con uno sguardo al passato e uno ai prossimi passi, come sempre quando si è raggiunto un valico.
Ieri. Me ne esco dal Parlamento col buon sapore delle tante cose fatte. Sul mio sito si trova il resoconto di questi cinque anni, iniziative declinate con questo indice: Africa, Ambiente e Rifiuti, Animalismo, Carceri, Cicli tematici (dibattiti sui dieci comandamenti, sui cinque continenti, sul restare/ partire/ tornare/ nomadismo), Commercio internazionale & reciprocità, Cultura, Disabili, Federalismo, Fondi europei (quanti sforzi!), Formazione (per giovani, amministratori, cittadini), Jugendamt, lavoro, Mediterraneo, Memoria collettiva e Antisemitismo, Palestina, Pari opportunità e Discriminazioni, Pluralismo dei media, Ricerca scientifica, Scudo fiscale e Banca d'Italia, Senza fissa dimora, Sistema Italia, Territorio. Per finire forse la cosa più importante: "Trasparenza (finanziaria e altro) e Presenza istituzionale". Di altro ci siamo occupati, ma questi sono stati i filoni principali, anche troppi, e mai abbastanza.
Candidato. Sull'Huffington Post ho scritto di Scelta Europea e del suo manifesto. Scelta Europea è la prima presenza in Italia non di una coalizione di sigle, ma di una famiglia politica europea. C'è chi si è offerto al migliore offerente (spesso il PD), chi ha chiuso il proprio impegno, chi ha di fatto mollato l'ALDE gingillandosi con i suoi consunti stendardi. Io ho una fissa, molti di voi lo sanno: guardare all'Europa, non al proprio orticello. Questo valeva quando nel 2009 mi candidai nell'Italia dei Valori, allora bastione italiano dell'ALDE sotto la guida di Antonio Di Pietro, e vale ancora di più adesso, poiché voteremo - più importante che il partito nazionale - il candidato alla presidenza della Commissione. E l'ALDE ha presentato una sua lista, invitando tutti a partecipare, legata a chi considero intimamente il candidato migliore, e di gran lunga, Guy Verhofstadt.
2. Sempre sul passato
Preferirei sorvolare ma non posso scansare la domanda di molti, giornalisti in primis: e l'IdV? Anziché l'eletto voltagabbana, questa volta abbiamo il partito voltagabbana. Per almeno tre ragioni:
1: Linea politica: mi pare ormai molto filo PD. Un esempio: che le cose fossero cambiate l'ho capito con l'iniziativa sulla ricapitalizzazione di Banca d'Italia, tema scomodo, interessi grandi. Intrapresa in Europa, mai rilanciata in Italia da IdV, manco un comunicato stampa. Un anno fa sarebbe stato un cavallo di battaglia, ora invece quanta prudenza.
2: Vorrei un partito, non una banca. Girano troppi soldi. Dal luglio 2013 sono stati spesi oltre quattro milioni di euro dell'altrimenti vituperato finanziamento pubblico; una sede che costa da sola circa ventimila euro al mese, dirigenti che hanno avuto un bel contrattino di assistente parlamentare europeo, in barba alle più elementari regole, familiari piazzati negli uffici di Bruxelles. E quando sollevavo la questione, spallucce - "ma che importa, perché te la prendi cosi?". Insomma, un patrimonio morale disperso.
3: Europa. Non ho capito il rifiuto di aderire alla lista dell'ALDE, giustificata con alcune piccole bugie ben documentate, e nemmeno il mancato sostegno di IdV alla candidatura di Verhofstadt, progressista e federalista. C'era anche chi preferiva il custode del rigore Rehn. Che c'azzeccava? Mistero della fede.
Ma la vita è lunga. Antonio Di Pietro resta un riferimento di coraggio e di determinazione, e con lui tanti amici di IdV, molti restati nella lista dell'ALDE. In ogni caso, la regola d'oro è: "Never complain, never explain", un sincero in bocca al lupo a tutti, e sempre disponibile se posso aiutare ogni buona causa.
via Facebook ift.tt/2guyk3C I've been trying to explain this to you for years. The simple wisdom of the nyc slice. #nyc
Over winter break my family and I visited one of the most amazing states in the country, Hawaii. As we toured around the island of O’ahu we came across a crater known as Hanauma Bay. The tour guide, “Cousin Paul”, explained to us that this beautiful place was covered in coral reefs, thus making it one of the most popular tourist destinations on the island. With three million tourists visiting the bay per year and the use of dynamite in 1956 to clear portions of the reef for telephone poles, it is beginning to deteriorate. Due to suffering from much overuse and abuse, tourists looking to snorkel around the reef are given rules and regulations that they must follow in order to help preserve it. “Cousin Paul” told us that many tourists don’t follow the rules and pointed to snorkelers who were standing on the reef and trying to touch different organisms.
In the movie “Home” it is mentioned that, “corals are born from the marriage of algae and shells. Coral reefs cover less than one percent of the ocean floor but they provide a habitat for thousands of species of fish, mollusks, and algae. The equilibrium of every ocean depends on it.” Coral reefs are also mentioned in chapter 12 of the textbook Essential Environment not only for showing biodiversity but also as a shoreline protector and a photosynthesis performer. It goes into detail about how important coral reefs are for the environment and how they are experiencing an alarming decline worldwide mainly through “coral bleaching”, partially due to ultraviolet radiation, and “ocean acidification”. Delicate reefs require lots of light and oxygen along with clear water, low nutrients, and a stable salt content. Unfortunately, due to all these needs, human activities such as deforestation, fishing, pollution, careless recreation and nutrient runoff.
With deforestation, rainwater runs off into the ocean carrying various natural elements and different kinds of toxins that adds to the sediment forming in the ocean. Fertilizer runs off into the water bringing more nutrients into the ocean. The fertilizer increases the growth of certain plants due to high levels of nitrogen. The plants that grow with the high levels of nitrogen cause a reduction of diversity. This can lead to algal blooms that can smother parts of coral reefs. Algae block the sunlight required for the coral to complete photosynthesis. This problem is occurring in the Caribbean, Florida Keys, Thailand, and Australia. The coral reefs of Hawaii have not seen this problem yet, but if they aren’t in human’s minds during particular activities the reefs will bare more destruction.