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2015-05-28: Random picture during Annual Meeting 2015, Development Evaluation - Development Effectiveness held in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
There is no “correct” distance to evaluate fair access to parks.
The optimal distance depends on the needs of the community, the type of park, and access to cars and transit. Map 1102 shows the areas in Los Angeles that lie more than half a mile from the nearest park, but any distance in the abstract can be arbitrary and misleading – half mile or quarter mile access, walking distance, driving distance, etc.
The important concern is not distance alone but whether the park and recreation programs meet the needs of the community. If physical activity is a goal, for example, people can get physically active by walking half a mile or a mile to the park. With the shared use of parks and schools, the relevant distance is to the park or the school, not one or the other. If residents have access to a car or an affordable and reliable transit system, the distance to the park can be greater. Smaller parks and elementary school playgrounds within walking distance can serve the needs of younger children. Larger parks, and playing fields at middle and high schools, can provide places for physical activity and team sports for older children and adults, and can be within driving or busing rather than walking distance. In a high income community with large house lots, and ready access to cars and places like the Santa Monica Mountains, there is no need for a park within a quarter mile. A pocket park within walking distance may not adequately serve the needs of the community if there is no place to play in the park or any other nearby place. Even a large park may not adequately serve the community if the population and use density is so high that demand exceeds available park space.
The Olmsted Report suggested half a mile or more as a rule of thumb for distance to the park depending on the locality and other factors.
One traditional environmental organization, Trust for Public Land, advocates a park within a quarter mile of each residence, and equates walking distance with a quarter mile, but it is difficult to consider this a serious policy proposal. The quarter mile or walking distance standard obscures the important considerations discussed above. Bus stops in Los Angeles are generally more than a quarter mile from most people. It is unrealistic to expect more parks than bus stops.
Visit the core maps covering healthy, livable communities for all.
Get the The City Project's Policy Report Healthy Parks, Schools, and Communities: Mapping Green Access and Equity for the Los Angeles Region, a guide for creating healthy, livable communities for all.
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Sorry to bore people, but further investigation suggests that, for some reason, even after I deleted my accounts the images have stayed on Flickr. I've read about this happening before so it's like a Marie Celeste gallery floating around in the Flickr sea with nobody to sail it. Hopefully it will be confirmed shortly by Flickr but it's looking like panic over.
Opinions of farmers matter in designing appropriate development response strategies. Farmers in Myanmar completing an evaluation survey to share their opinions on the quality of seeds from different sources (1)
Samples of squash are being prepared for dry matter tests. We use dry matter, brix (sugar content) and cook test (taste panel) data to determine the eating quality of the winter squash fruit from trials and breeding work. Typically the higher the dry matter and brix the better the taste, although some squash varieties can be too dry, almost powder like
spanwidth min.: 38 cm
spanwidth max.: 44 cm
size min.: 23 cm
size max.: 26 cm
Breeding
incubation min.: 10 days
incubation max.: 13 days
fledging min.: 20 days
fledging max.: 24 days
broods 1
eggs min.: 4
eggs max.: 7
Mórchnagaire breac
Status: Recent colonist to broadleaf forests in eastern Ireland.
Conservation Concern: Green-listed in Ireland. The European population has been evaluated as Secure.
Identification: About the same size as Mistle Thrush. A distinctive black and white bird when seen well. The face, throat and underparts are white, while the back, rump and tail are black. Also has a large white patch at the base of the wings, while the vent is pale red. In flight, the wings are mainly black, with obvious rows of spotting on the primaries and secondaries. Adult male Great Spotted Woodpeckers are identifiable by a small red patch on the back of the head. Adult females have a black nape and crown.
Similar Species: None in Ireland.
Call: The most frequently heard call is a loud "kick", when agitated given in a continous series. Does not sing, but has distinctive drumming display from early Spring onwards. Drumms last between 1 and 2 seconds.
Diet: Feeds on insects found in wood, as well as pine cones in autumn. During the breeding season, may also take eggs and chicks of other birds. Will visit garden bird tables in suburban areas.
Breeding: Only a handful of pairs breed in Ireland, usually in oak woodlands with some coniferous woods nearby. A common species in Britain and Continental Europe and frequently visits bird feeders in gardens. Breeds in nestholes it excavates in decaying wood.
Wintering: Great Spotted Woodpeckers remain on their territory during the winter. Young birds move to new territories in autumn
Where to See: The good places to look for Great Spotted Woodpeckers include the woodlands around the Glendalough Lakes, as well as Tomnafinogue Wood in south County Wicklow.
Physical characteristics
Great-spotted Woodpecker is the most widespread and common woodpecker on the European continent. Male has black and white plumage, with red vent and rear crown. Forehead is buffy-white and crown is black. Cheeks and throat are white with a black moustache, joining the red nape, descending towards the chest and joining again the black back while it borders a white patch on the side of the neck. Upperparts are black, with white large patches on wings and white edges on primaries. Tail is black with white spots on outer feathers. Underparts are whitish with a broad black semi-collar on upper breast, and red vent. The strong pointed bill is black, eyes are dark, circled by fine white stripe. Legs and zygodactylous feet are greyish. It has long sticky tongue, to extract insects and larvae from bark crevices. Female has entire black crown. Juvenile has red crown and duller plumage than adults. Birds of west and south of Europe have brownish-white forehead and underparts, and weaker bill. Birds from Algeria and Tunisia have black and red chest, and red of the vent extending to belly.
Great-spotted Woodpecker feeds mostly in trees, on trunks and large branches. It drills holes to get sap, and the insects attracted to it. Rarely feeds on the ground. It catches pine-cones or nuts between the bark, in order to open the seeds with its beak. The routine is to work upwards on the trunk, and also side to side, taping the bark to extract food from crevices, with the tip of its sticky tongue. Spring is announced by early morning drumming, and aerial chases with 2 or 3 birds through the canopy, while they chatter loudly. Flight displays are performed by both adults. They perform spiral flights and align close to the trunk with semi-open and quivering wings. The Great-spotted Woodpecker is very shy, and outside breeding season, solitary. It roosts in old holes in trees.
Habitat
From arctic taiga through boreal and temperate to Mediterranean and alpine forest zones, wherever there are trees of any sort with sufficient growth to accommodate nest-holes. Isolated and scattered trees in parks, avenues, gardens, orchards, and open or miniature woodlands less favoured, unless adjoined by larger stands of broad-leaved, coniferous, or mixed tree species, latter being commonly preferred.
Other details
Dendrocopos major is a widespread resident across most of Europe, which accounts for less than half of its global range. Its European breeding population is extremely large (>12,000,000 pairs), and was stable between 1970-1990. Although there were declines in a few countries during 1990-2000, populations were stable or increased across the majority of its European range—including sizeable ones in France, Germany, Poland, Ukraine and Russia—and the species remained stable overall.
Two races inhabiting the Canary islands of this widespread woodpecker are included in Annex I. The race canariensis, endemic to Tenerife, is estimated at about 100 breeding pairs; the race thanneri, endemic to Gran Canaria, at maximum 250 breeding pairs. Both are strictly dependent on native pine (Pinus canariensis) forests and are vulnerable
Feeding
Mainly insects, but tree seeds (mainly of conifers) often staple diet in winter; bird eggs and nestlings may be common in diet during summer. Climbs trees in search of insects using stiff tail-feathers as prop; may hang upside down from branches but never proceeds head downward. In summer, pokes and probes fissures in bark for surface insects and uses bill as forceps to pull away bark. In winter, seeks insects in decaying trees mainly by hacking and pecking at bark and wood, knocking off loose material with lateral blows of bill and cutting grooves with vertical blows. Chisels holes up to 10 cm deep to expose wood-boring beetles and larvae. Tongue extends up to 40 mm and harpoon-like tip used to impale soft-bodied prey; harder insects adhere to tongue bristles coated with sticky saliva. In many populations conifer seeds important in winter; cones gathered and taken to ‚anvil‘ (often specially prepared) for extraction of seeds. Fleshy fruits regularly eaten in summer and autumn. Locally, may be major predator of tit nestlings, especially Willow Tit. Drills rings of holes round trees to drink sap oozing out, or possibly also to eat exposed cambium of tree or to feed on insects attracted to sap.
Conservation
This species has a large range, with an estimated global Extent of Occurrence of 1,000,000-10,000,000 km². It has a large global population, including an estimated 24,000,000-37,000,000 individuals in Europe (BirdLife International in prep.). Global population trends have not been quantified, but the species is not believed to approach the thresholds for the population decline criterion of the IUCN Red List (i.e. declining more than 30% in ten years or three generations). For these reasons, the species is evaluated as Least Concern. [conservation status from birdlife.org]
Breeding
Great-spotted Woodpecker nests in holes. Both adults excavate this hole, in March and April. They use a new nest each year, excavating the hole during one or two weeks, depending on the hardness of the wood. The chamber of the nest is about 30 cm deep, and the entrance is oval-shaped, at about 4 m above the ground. The chamber is lined with wood chips. The female lays 4 to 7 white eggs, between mid-may to early June. Incubation lasts about 16 days, done by female during the day, and by male at night. Chicks hatch altricial, and both parents feed them. They fledge at about 18 to 21 days of age. They reach their sexual maturity at one year. Adults keep the nest clean, removing chick's droppings. Young are very noisy. Adults remain in nearly area while chicks are in the nest. This species produces only one brood per year.
Migration
Largely resident and dispersive; N populations also subject to eruptive migration. Juvenile dispersal often over 100 km, and up to c. 600 km. In N Europe, periodic eruptive movements triggered by poor crop of pine or spruce seeds, begin in late Jul; small groups and loose flocks migrate S & W, and occasionally large numbers involved, e.g. 2240 through Pape, in Latvia, during Aug-Oct 1999, and Sizeable flocks recorded in N Britain in autumn 2001; individuals may stray more than 3000 km, some reaching oceanic islands. Similar movements in Far East, but less well studied; stragglers found even on remote islands. Also, populations in mountain areas descend to valleys in winter. (del Hoyo J Elliott A, Sargatal J (eds) 2002)
It's hard to tell from this bad picture but the stairs end in a wall. They're only there so that sweepers could be evaluated on them.
I admit it, I bought this doll solely because her name is Andrea. Turns out I like the rest of her, too, especially once I realized she's the resident Spooky Little Girl.
MSIV evaluators work together to help guide and mentor the underclassmen during patrolling operations.
Selection of >500 images made by layering a random 3 of 12 photos with imagemagick convert utility. -evaluate-sequence
effects in title.
Soldiers from U.S. Army Central Command Warrior Leadership Course conduct their final training lanes and evaluations with squads of soldiers versus mock opposing forces across multiple lanes during the night of July 10, 2014 in Camp Buehring, Kuwait. (N.Y. Army National Guard photo by Sgt. Harley Jelis/Released)
Alas, It did not work. I have tried getting students to evaluate each other in the past. Positive evaluation seemed to be too positive. Negative evaluation (taking points way from other students that don't obey the rules of the class) did not work partly because those that were about to be negatively evaluated put their point cars out of the reach of their partner. I thought that perhaps if point cards were strapped to student heads, then I would be possible to encourage negative evaluation. But alas, no one too k cars from the opponent despite the fact that ( I am sure) they could have reached. No one took anyone else's point cards, even though most could have done so since their conversation partners were breaking the rules of the class
1 ) Speak in sentences
2) Always ask several follow up questions of your own
3) Do not use the word like but use the verb particular to that noun, perhaps with "want to"
4) Do not use Japanese
5) Don't rehearse the question prior to asking it. (The biggest issue)
I had thought to introduce a timing element - such as a stipulation that follow up questions be asked within four seconds- but I feel sure that students will not take point cards from their partners.
Perhaps I need to give them my money or cards that can be exchanged for money! Or at least make the point cards count towards their grade. Or perhaps move from taking cards to giving them. I will try that again.
Now that I am using Zoom, I may simply be able to get students to record their breakout rooms and then count the number of words said by each student in a two minute session, either a free conversation or where the questioner reverses part way through.
Evaluating my new 90 Summicron
Focussing a 90mm f/2 lens wide open at a subject distance of less than a metre is not for the faint hearted!
Evaluating each other, each group effort, project flow, the school educational flow itself, and the results.
convert -evaluate-sequence using www.flickr.com/photos/troutcolor/albums/72157664087948368 three photos in sequence combined with imagemagick convert utiltiy
Selection of >500 images made by layering a random 3 of 12 photos with imagemagick convert utility. -evaluate-sequence
effects in title.
convert -evaluate-sequence using www.flickr.com/photos/troutcolor/albums/72157664087948368 three photos in sequence combined with imagemagick convert utiltiy
Program associate David Moon (in blue shirt) and research assistant Aaron Manjarrez evaluate wheat germplasm for resistance to stripe rust. The evaluation helps wheat breeder Esten Mason move breeding lines toward release as commercial wheat varieties from the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. (UA System Division of Agriculture photo by Fred Miller)
Dr. Robin Radcliffe evaluates anesthesia in a black rhino using a new monitor that was donated for the project from Nellcor and Oridion.
Photo by Dr. Robin Radliffe, IRF
convert -evaluate-sequence using www.flickr.com/photos/troutcolor/albums/72157664087948368 three photos in sequence combined with imagemagick convert utiltiy