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Baroque church
In 1676, when the Brotherhood of the Most Holy Trinity was solemnly introduced to St. Peter's, it soon attained a high membership. A large part of the members were among the richest and most respected citizens of Vienna. The nobility was also represented to the highest tops. The Brotherhood therefore had the means to do so, and in 1700, it decided to demolish the old church and build a new building whose shape was to commemorate St. Peter's in Rome. One year earlier, in the plague year of 1679, Leopold I vowed to build a new building dedicated to the Holy Trinity in place of the dilapidated church. Builder Jankel was requested to make an estimation of the costs. He received 50 guilders for the building survey drawn by him.
According to the technical guide through Vienna (Ing. Martin Paul) the builders are indicated in the inscriptions in the dome knob: Francesco Martinelli, Franz Jänggl and Christian Oettl. However, the bibliographical references are widely differing. According to the manual of the German art monuments of Georg Dehio, the construction was started according to the plan of Gabriele Montani 1702, continued from this until 1703, then, probably completed by Johann Lukas Hildebrandt after modified plan 1708 in the shell and consecrated on October 25, 1708. 1708-1715 was followed by the interior fittings, 1713-1717 the dome space was completed in its current picturesque and sculptural design, but only 1730-1733 built the main choir. Cardinal Kollonitsch consecrated St. Peter's Church in 1733. The tomb of Wolfgang Lazius, who had been buried in the old Peterskirche in 1565, was transferred to the new St. Peter's church. The Petersfreithof (cemetery) still surrounded the church, it was only abandoned under Joseph II. In 1844, the façade was restored, and the many sales offices added to the church disappeared after the abolishemnt of the cemetery.
The history of St. Peter in Baroque period
When the old church was removed in 1701, it was decided to find the foundation stone of the first church, which contained "an old parable of Pope Leo III", the friend and contemporary of Charlemagne.
An old memorial book from the parish notes that the particle in 1749 still existed, but writes nothing about the nature of the same. The founders of the strange foundation stone claimed that it must have been laid in the year 800 and this conviction was maintained, so that afterwards the inscription of the cornerstone for the new church was written, which reads:
Petri prinzipis Apostolorum Petri Coeli Clavigeri Sacris honoribus a Carolo I. Caesare Magno anno post virginis partum DCCC extructe novis ex fundamentis DOM uni in Trinitate Deo et S. Petri honoriter augusta surrexit Lapidem in titulum cen age Jacob restauravit Leopoldus uterque Felix. "
The German translation is approximately as follows:
"This church, which stood over nine centuries, founded on holy honors on the solid rock of Apostle Prince Paul, the key bearer of heaven, by Charlemagne in the year 800, after the Virgin gave birth, has resurrected gloriously in honor of the almighty God who is united in Trinity and St. Peter, as second Jacob the cornerstone has laid Leopold the Great as well as the Happy. "
This laying of the cornerstone was solemnly performed by Emperor Leopold I on June 30, 1702 (according to Harrer, Czeike names April 22, 1702).
Already at the time of the start of construction an accident was recorded:
On the occasion of a solemn procession on October 29, 1702, in which the emperor also participated with his court, as a result of the overburden, the planks laid over the foundations collapsed and about 50 persons, mostly court cavaliers and page boys, plunged into the depths.
The completion of the church progressed very slowly. Even during construction, the wood of the dome was damaged, so this had to be replaced in 1722 by a dome cover, for which Emperor Charles VI as the supreme patron and member of the Brotherhood of the Holy Trinity, supplied the copper. For years, the facade was missing and the towers had no ending.
On May 17, 1733, the church was finally consecrated by the Cardinal Count Sigismund Kollonitsch.
Appearance
The outer image of St. Peter's is dominated by the 56-meter high, massive dome, which in its configuration reminds of the dome of St. Peter. It is a two-storey facade of stocky effect, whose slopingly placed towers flank the concave central part and which is surmounted by the dome of the central building. The building itself glorifies the reign of Emperor Leopold I, whose motto is emblazoned in the interior above the choir arch. The charming, pavilion-like portal porch made of gray marble was built according to a design by Andrea Altomonte only 1751-1753. Figurative decoration made of lead by Franz Kohl, a pupil and assistant of Georg Raphael Donner, decorates it. Right at the top are the statues Faith, Hope and Love, as well as angelic figures bearing tiaras and keys, the insignia of papal sovereignty. On the gable window at the front and the vases on the side reliefs: depictions from the life of Peter. The main portal shows rich carving and beautiful fittings; an inscription commemorates the imperial plague vow.
In the niches below the two slopingly placed towers that flank the front of the church are the following sandstone figures: St. Peter and St. Simon, St. John the Evangelist (according to Paul Harrer St. Paul) and Judas Thaddeus. At the back of the choir (outside wall of the church) are stone sculptures of St. Peter and St. Michael, executed by Lorenz Matitelli around 1730.
On the eastern side wall of the church, opposite the exit of the Goldschmied alley, a marble relief is embedded in the stone wall, depicting the legendary setting up of the cross at this place by Charlemagne. Created by Rudolf Weyr, it was unveiled in 1906.
Barockkirche
Als die Bruderschaft der heiligsten Dreifaltigkeit 1676 feierlich in die Peterskirche eingeführt wurde, erreichte sie bald einen hohen Mitgliederstand. Ein großer Teil der Mitglieder zählte zu den reichsten und angesehensten Bürgern von Wien. Auch der Adel war bis in die höchsten Spitzen vertreten. Die Bruderschaft verfügte daher über die entsprechenden Mittel und so fasste sie im Jahr 1700 den Entschluss, die alte Kirche niederzureißen und einen Neubau aufzuführen, dessen Form an die Peterskirche zu Rom erinnern sollte. Bereits ein Jahr zuvor, im Pestjahr 1679 gelobte Leopold I., anstelle der baufälligen Kirche einen der Heiligen Dreifaltigkeit gewidmeten Neubau zu errichten. Man ließ von Baumeister Jankel einen Kosten-Überschlag machen. Für den von ihm gezeichneten Bauriss erhielt er 50 Gulden.
Nach dem technischen Führer durch Wien (Ing. Martin Paul) werden die Erbauer in den Inschriften im Kuppelknauf angegeben: Francesco Martinelli, Franz Jänggl und Christian Oettl. Die Literaturangaben gehen jedoch hierüber weit auseinander. Nach dem Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler von Georg Dehio wurde der Bau nach dem Plan von Gabriele Montani 1702 begonnen, von diesem bis 1703 weitergeführt, sodann, wahrscheinlich von Johann Lukas Hildebrandt nach verändertem Plan 1708 im Rohbau vollendet und am 25. Oktober 1708 geweiht. 1708-1715 folgte die Innenausstattung, 1713-1717 wurde der Kuppelraum in seiner gegenwärtigen malerischen und plastischen Ausgestaltung vollendet, jedoch erst 1730-1733 baute man den Hauptchor. 1733 weihte Kardinal Kollonitsch die Peterskirche. Das Grabmal des Wolfgang Lazius, der in der alten Peterskirche 1565 bestattet worden war, wurde in die neue Peterskirche übertragen. Nach wie vor umgab der Petersfreithof die Kirche; er wurde erst unter Joseph II. aufgelassen. 1844 restaurierte man die Fassade, wobei auch die vielen an die Kirche angebauten Verkaufsbuden verschwanden, die nach der Auflassung des Friedhofs entstanden waren.
Die Geschichte von St. Peter im Barock
Als man 1701 die alte Kirche abtrug, will man bei dieser Gelegenheit den Grundstein der ersten Kirche gefunden haben, der "eine alten Paritkel von Papst Leo III.“, dem Freunde und Zeitgenossen Karls des Großen, enthielt.
Ein altes Gedenkbuch aus der Pfarre bemerkt, dass der Partikel noch 1749 vorhanden war, schreibt aber nichts über die Art desselben. Die Auffinder des merkwürdigen Grundsteines behaupteten, dass er im Jahr 800 gelegt worden sein müsse und an dieser Überzeugung hielt man fest, sodass danach die Inschrift des Grundsteines für die neue Kirche verfasst wurde, welche lautet:
"Ecclesia quae IX ultra saecula steterat, fundata supra firmam Petram prinzipis Apostolorum Petri Coeli Clavigeri Sacris honoribus a Carolo I. Caesare Magno anno post virginis partum DCCC extructe novis ex fundamentis D.O.M- uni in Trinitate Deo et S. Petri honoriter augusta surrexit. Lapidem in titulum cen alter Jacob restauravit Leopoldus uterque Felix.“
Die deutsche Übersetzung ist etwa wie folgt:
"Diese Kirche, die über neun Jahrhunderte stand, gegründet zu heiligen Ehren auf dem festen Felsen des Apostelfürsten Paulus, des Schlüsselträgers des Himmels, von Karl dem Großen Kaiser im Jahr 800, nachdem die Jungfrau gebar, ist dem allmächtigen Gott, der einig ist in der Dreiheit und dem heiligen Petrus zu Ehren prachtvoll wiedererstanden. Als zweiter Jakob hat den Grundstein gelegt Leopold der ebenso Große als Glückliche."
Diese Grundsteinlegung geschah in feierlicher Weise durch Kaiser Leopold I. am 30. Juni 1702 (laut Harrer; Czeike benennt den 22. April 1702).
Schon zur Zeit des Baubeginnes war ein Unfall zu verzeichnen:
Anlässlich einer feierlichen Prozession am 29. Oktober 1702, an der auch der Kaiser mit seinem Hofstaat teilnahm, stürzte infolge der Überlastung die über die Fundamente gelegten Bretter ein und etwa 50 Personen, meistens Hofkavaliere und Pagen stürzten in die Tiefe.
Die Vollendung der Kirche ging sehr langsam voran. Noch während des Baues wurde das Holz der Kuppel schadhaft, sodass dieses 1722 durch eine Kuppeldeckung ersetzt werden musste, wozu Kaiser Karl VI. als oberster Schutzherr und Mitglied der Bruderschaft der heiligen Dreifaltigkeit das Kupfer lieferte. Jahrelang fehlte die Fassade und die Türme hatten keinen Abschluss.
Am 17. Mai 1733 konnte die Kirche endlich durch den Kardinal Graf Sigismund Kollonitsch geweiht werden.
Äußeres
Das äußere Bild das die Peterskirche darbietet, wird beherrschend bestimmt durch die 56 Meter hohe, gewaltige Kuppel, die in ihrer Konfiguration an die Kuppel von St. Peter erinnert. Es handelt sich um eine zweigeschossige Fassade von gedrungener Wirkung, deren schräggestellte Türme den konkav einschwingenden Mittelteil flankieren und der von der Kuppel des Zentralbaus überragt wird. Der Bau selbst verherrlicht die Regierung des Kaisers Leopold I., dessen Wahlspruch im Innen über dem Chorbogen prangt. Der reizvolle, pavillonartige Portalvorbau aus grauem Marmor wurde nach einem Entwurfe von Andrea Altomonte erst 1751 bis 1753 errichtet. Figürlicher Schmuck aus Blei von Franz Kohl, einem Schüler und Gehilfen von Georg Raphael Donner, ziert ihn. Zu Oberst die Statuen Glaube, Hoffnung und Liebe, sowie Engelfiguren, welche Tiara und Schlüssel, die Insignien der päpstlichen Souveränität, tragen. Am Giebelfenster an der Vorderseite und den Vasen an der Seite Reliefs: Darstellungen aus dem Leben Petri. Das Hauptportal zeigt reiches Schnitzwerk und schöne Beschläge; eine Inschrift erinnert an das kaiserliche Pestgelübde.
In den Nischen unterhalb der beiden schiefgestellten Türme, welche die Vorderseite der Kirche flankieren, stehen folgende Sandsteinfiguren: St. Petrus und St. Simon, Johannes Evangelist (laut Paul Harrer St. Paulus) und Judas Thaddäus. An der Rückseite des Chores (Außenwand der Kirche) befinden sich Steinplastiken vom heiligen Petrus und vom Heiligen Michael, die von Lorenz Matitelli um 1730 ausgeführt wurden.
An der östlichen Seitenwand des Gotteshauses, gegenüber dem Ausgang der Goldschmiedgasse ist in die Steinmauer ein Marmorrelief eingelassen, das die sagenhafte Kreuzerrichtung an dieser Stelle durch Karl den Großen vergegenwärtigt. Von Rudolf Weyr geschafften, wurde es 1906 enthüllt.
A bit of sarcasm, perhaps, but at the rate the Crazy Horse Memorial is progressing, that might be a realistic estimation of its completion date.
The white model gives an idea of the scope of the finished carving, while the head in the background is what has actually been (nearly) completed to date. Construction began in 1948, and Korczak Ziolkowski, the original sculptor, died in 1982. His family continues his work, with support via donations and park admissions/purchases only.
The project's timeline tells the history in text and photos.
MS51 Kihla- ja vihkisormukset, 585 o/oo kulta, Lemmenjoen granaatti, timantit. Wedding rings, engagement rings, garnet from Lemmenjoki, diamonds. www.taigakoru.fi
Taigakoru valmistaa tilaustyönä persoonallisia kihla- ja vihkisormuksia. Toteutamme haastavatkin sormustoiveenne ja voimme suunnitella vihkisormukset myös oman ideanne mukaiseksi. Erikoisuutenamme ovat kultahippusormukset, joihin käytämme aitoja, Lapin kultamailta kaivettuja kultahippuja. Suunnittelun alkuvaihessa toimitamme sormuksien hinta-arvion sekä luonnoksen, jonka avulla voitte tehdä päätöksen tilauksesta. Ottakaa yhteyttä sähköpostiimme, niin suunnitellaan teille unelmienne sormukset. s-posti : info ( at ) taigakoru.fi
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Michael Bublé: Sydney, Australia Loves You Like Crazy
I'd been waiting for this night for what must be almost a decade. Finally, my night...our Crazy Love night. Michael teased me this past Thursday at the presser conducted at the Overseas Passenger Terminal. I could tell then that his concerts in Australia were going to be very special, and tonight - the evening of Valentines Day, I can confirm that they are.
Even though Sydney's Acer Arena holds over 20,000, Michael's gift helps make the audience feel they are getting treated to an intimate experience. Well, he certainly set the scene and warmed me up beautifully for my intimate experience later into the night. On that vein however, I can tell you that his 'Crazy Love' CD does help set the mood.
By my estimation, the jazz sensation is certainly worth $149 plus. Like the greats, you have to experience a live concert to truly appreciate the musical genius.
The multi-talented performer is now close to two million album sales in Australia, with 25 million achieved on a global scale. Yes, us Aussies are raving fans. This tour was Michael's eighth trip to Australia, so the love affair is most definitely a two way street.
My personal favorite number is 'Haven't Met You Yet' which is already five times platinum in Australia.
His songs inspire love, warmth and affection, which was perfect timing for me, having rekindled my relationship with my special man.
Some of Michael's interpretations of other artists that really did it for me on this Valentines evening were Sway, Kissing A Fool, How Can You Mend A Broken Heart?, and Heartache Tonight.
The warmth and love vibrated via Michael was experienced by young and old, and I witnessed a young fan who must have only been about 10 years old present Michael with a gift early into the concert performances, and he magically incorporated this into the show, making all of us feel that we received the present too.
He shared his thoughts on love with "My songs have always been about love. Mine and everyone else's. But this time it was a little more extreme, and I dug deeper - way deeper."
I had read earlier in the week that Michael said "I just love getting in front of people. It's so important to be in touch with your audience. They've paid their money, I want them to be entertained. If they want to cry or laugh or dance or sing or yell, they can do whatever they want. My responsibility is just to take them away." Oh yes, you took me away.
Michael, from my heart thank you for helping add some 'Crazy Love' intimacy to my partners and own evening and life. I would also like to publicly thank Buble's publicity team, Dainty Consolidated Entertainment and Live Guide, for helping make me one of the blessed and fortunate few photographers in Sydney to capture your gift close up. My love now has more focus, and its thanks to you. Let the passion, talent and performer bring out the performance in you, and if your single, that's ok too.
Baroque church
In 1676, when the Brotherhood of the Most Holy Trinity was solemnly introduced to St. Peter's, it soon attained a high membership. A large part of the members were among the richest and most respected citizens of Vienna. The nobility was also represented to the highest tops. The Brotherhood therefore had the means to do so, and in 1700, it decided to demolish the old church and build a new building whose shape was to commemorate St. Peter's in Rome. One year earlier, in the plague year of 1679, Leopold I vowed to build a new building dedicated to the Holy Trinity in place of the dilapidated church. Builder Jankel was requested to make an estimation of the costs. He received 50 guilders for the building survey drawn by him.
According to the technical guide through Vienna (Ing. Martin Paul) the builders are indicated in the inscriptions in the dome knob: Francesco Martinelli, Franz Jänggl and Christian Oettl. However, the bibliographical references are widely differing. According to the manual of the German art monuments of Georg Dehio, the construction was started according to the plan of Gabriele Montani 1702, continued from this until 1703, then, probably completed by Johann Lukas Hildebrandt after modified plan 1708 in the shell and consecrated on October 25, 1708. 1708-1715 was followed by the interior fittings, 1713-1717 the dome space was completed in its current picturesque and sculptural design, but only 1730-1733 built the main choir. Cardinal Kollonitsch consecrated St. Peter's Church in 1733. The tomb of Wolfgang Lazius, who had been buried in the old Peterskirche in 1565, was transferred to the new St. Peter's church. The Petersfreithof (cemetery) still surrounded the church, it was only abandoned under Joseph II. In 1844, the façade was restored, and the many sales offices added to the church disappeared after the abolishemnt of the cemetery.
The history of St. Peter in Baroque period
When the old church was removed in 1701, it was decided to find the foundation stone of the first church, which contained "an old parable of Pope Leo III", the friend and contemporary of Charlemagne.
An old memorial book from the parish notes that the particle in 1749 still existed, but writes nothing about the nature of the same. The founders of the strange foundation stone claimed that it must have been laid in the year 800 and this conviction was maintained, so that afterwards the inscription of the cornerstone for the new church was written, which reads:
Petri prinzipis Apostolorum Petri Coeli Clavigeri Sacris honoribus a Carolo I. Caesare Magno anno post virginis partum DCCC extructe novis ex fundamentis DOM uni in Trinitate Deo et S. Petri honoriter augusta surrexit Lapidem in titulum cen age Jacob restauravit Leopoldus uterque Felix. "
The German translation is approximately as follows:
"This church, which stood over nine centuries, founded on holy honors on the solid rock of Apostle Prince Paul, the key bearer of heaven, by Charlemagne in the year 800, after the Virgin gave birth, has resurrected gloriously in honor of the almighty God who is united in Trinity and St. Peter, as second Jacob the cornerstone has laid Leopold the Great as well as the Happy. "
This laying of the cornerstone was solemnly performed by Emperor Leopold I on June 30, 1702 (according to Harrer, Czeike names April 22, 1702).
Already at the time of the start of construction an accident was recorded:
On the occasion of a solemn procession on October 29, 1702, in which the emperor also participated with his court, as a result of the overburden, the planks laid over the foundations collapsed and about 50 persons, mostly court cavaliers and page boys, plunged into the depths.
The completion of the church progressed very slowly. Even during construction, the wood of the dome was damaged, so this had to be replaced in 1722 by a dome cover, for which Emperor Charles VI as the supreme patron and member of the Brotherhood of the Holy Trinity, supplied the copper. For years, the facade was missing and the towers had no ending.
On May 17, 1733, the church was finally consecrated by the Cardinal Count Sigismund Kollonitsch.
Appearance
The outer image of St. Peter's is dominated by the 56-meter high, massive dome, which in its configuration reminds of the dome of St. Peter. It is a two-storey facade of stocky effect, whose slopingly placed towers flank the concave central part and which is surmounted by the dome of the central building. The building itself glorifies the reign of Emperor Leopold I, whose motto is emblazoned in the interior above the choir arch. The charming, pavilion-like portal porch made of gray marble was built according to a design by Andrea Altomonte only 1751-1753. Figurative decoration made of lead by Franz Kohl, a pupil and assistant of Georg Raphael Donner, decorates it. Right at the top are the statues Faith, Hope and Love, as well as angelic figures bearing tiaras and keys, the insignia of papal sovereignty. On the gable window at the front and the vases on the side reliefs: depictions from the life of Peter. The main portal shows rich carving and beautiful fittings; an inscription commemorates the imperial plague vow.
In the niches below the two slopingly placed towers that flank the front of the church are the following sandstone figures: St. Peter and St. Simon, St. John the Evangelist (according to Paul Harrer St. Paul) and Judas Thaddeus. At the back of the choir (outside wall of the church) are stone sculptures of St. Peter and St. Michael, executed by Lorenz Matitelli around 1730.
On the eastern side wall of the church, opposite the exit of the Goldschmied alley, a marble relief is embedded in the stone wall, depicting the legendary setting up of the cross at this place by Charlemagne. Created by Rudolf Weyr, it was unveiled in 1906.
Barockkirche
Als die Bruderschaft der heiligsten Dreifaltigkeit 1676 feierlich in die Peterskirche eingeführt wurde, erreichte sie bald einen hohen Mitgliederstand. Ein großer Teil der Mitglieder zählte zu den reichsten und angesehensten Bürgern von Wien. Auch der Adel war bis in die höchsten Spitzen vertreten. Die Bruderschaft verfügte daher über die entsprechenden Mittel und so fasste sie im Jahr 1700 den Entschluss, die alte Kirche niederzureißen und einen Neubau aufzuführen, dessen Form an die Peterskirche zu Rom erinnern sollte. Bereits ein Jahr zuvor, im Pestjahr 1679 gelobte Leopold I., anstelle der baufälligen Kirche einen der Heiligen Dreifaltigkeit gewidmeten Neubau zu errichten. Man ließ von Baumeister Jankel einen Kosten-Überschlag machen. Für den von ihm gezeichneten Bauriss erhielt er 50 Gulden.
Nach dem technischen Führer durch Wien (Ing. Martin Paul) werden die Erbauer in den Inschriften im Kuppelknauf angegeben: Francesco Martinelli, Franz Jänggl und Christian Oettl. Die Literaturangaben gehen jedoch hierüber weit auseinander. Nach dem Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler von Georg Dehio wurde der Bau nach dem Plan von Gabriele Montani 1702 begonnen, von diesem bis 1703 weitergeführt, sodann, wahrscheinlich von Johann Lukas Hildebrandt nach verändertem Plan 1708 im Rohbau vollendet und am 25. Oktober 1708 geweiht. 1708-1715 folgte die Innenausstattung, 1713-1717 wurde der Kuppelraum in seiner gegenwärtigen malerischen und plastischen Ausgestaltung vollendet, jedoch erst 1730-1733 baute man den Hauptchor. 1733 weihte Kardinal Kollonitsch die Peterskirche. Das Grabmal des Wolfgang Lazius, der in der alten Peterskirche 1565 bestattet worden war, wurde in die neue Peterskirche übertragen. Nach wie vor umgab der Petersfreithof die Kirche; er wurde erst unter Joseph II. aufgelassen. 1844 restaurierte man die Fassade, wobei auch die vielen an die Kirche angebauten Verkaufsbuden verschwanden, die nach der Auflassung des Friedhofs entstanden waren.
Die Geschichte von St. Peter im Barock
Als man 1701 die alte Kirche abtrug, will man bei dieser Gelegenheit den Grundstein der ersten Kirche gefunden haben, der "eine alten Paritkel von Papst Leo III.“, dem Freunde und Zeitgenossen Karls des Großen, enthielt.
Ein altes Gedenkbuch aus der Pfarre bemerkt, dass der Partikel noch 1749 vorhanden war, schreibt aber nichts über die Art desselben. Die Auffinder des merkwürdigen Grundsteines behaupteten, dass er im Jahr 800 gelegt worden sein müsse und an dieser Überzeugung hielt man fest, sodass danach die Inschrift des Grundsteines für die neue Kirche verfasst wurde, welche lautet:
"Ecclesia quae IX ultra saecula steterat, fundata supra firmam Petram prinzipis Apostolorum Petri Coeli Clavigeri Sacris honoribus a Carolo I. Caesare Magno anno post virginis partum DCCC extructe novis ex fundamentis D.O.M- uni in Trinitate Deo et S. Petri honoriter augusta surrexit. Lapidem in titulum cen alter Jacob restauravit Leopoldus uterque Felix.“
Die deutsche Übersetzung ist etwa wie folgt:
"Diese Kirche, die über neun Jahrhunderte stand, gegründet zu heiligen Ehren auf dem festen Felsen des Apostelfürsten Paulus, des Schlüsselträgers des Himmels, von Karl dem Großen Kaiser im Jahr 800, nachdem die Jungfrau gebar, ist dem allmächtigen Gott, der einig ist in der Dreiheit und dem heiligen Petrus zu Ehren prachtvoll wiedererstanden. Als zweiter Jakob hat den Grundstein gelegt Leopold der ebenso Große als Glückliche."
Diese Grundsteinlegung geschah in feierlicher Weise durch Kaiser Leopold I. am 30. Juni 1702 (laut Harrer; Czeike benennt den 22. April 1702).
Schon zur Zeit des Baubeginnes war ein Unfall zu verzeichnen:
Anlässlich einer feierlichen Prozession am 29. Oktober 1702, an der auch der Kaiser mit seinem Hofstaat teilnahm, stürzte infolge der Überlastung die über die Fundamente gelegten Bretter ein und etwa 50 Personen, meistens Hofkavaliere und Pagen stürzten in die Tiefe.
Die Vollendung der Kirche ging sehr langsam voran. Noch während des Baues wurde das Holz der Kuppel schadhaft, sodass dieses 1722 durch eine Kuppeldeckung ersetzt werden musste, wozu Kaiser Karl VI. als oberster Schutzherr und Mitglied der Bruderschaft der heiligen Dreifaltigkeit das Kupfer lieferte. Jahrelang fehlte die Fassade und die Türme hatten keinen Abschluss.
Am 17. Mai 1733 konnte die Kirche endlich durch den Kardinal Graf Sigismund Kollonitsch geweiht werden.
Äußeres
Das äußere Bild das die Peterskirche darbietet, wird beherrschend bestimmt durch die 56 Meter hohe, gewaltige Kuppel, die in ihrer Konfiguration an die Kuppel von St. Peter erinnert. Es handelt sich um eine zweigeschossige Fassade von gedrungener Wirkung, deren schräggestellte Türme den konkav einschwingenden Mittelteil flankieren und der von der Kuppel des Zentralbaus überragt wird. Der Bau selbst verherrlicht die Regierung des Kaisers Leopold I., dessen Wahlspruch im Innen über dem Chorbogen prangt. Der reizvolle, pavillonartige Portalvorbau aus grauem Marmor wurde nach einem Entwurfe von Andrea Altomonte erst 1751 bis 1753 errichtet. Figürlicher Schmuck aus Blei von Franz Kohl, einem Schüler und Gehilfen von Georg Raphael Donner, ziert ihn. Zu Oberst die Statuen Glaube, Hoffnung und Liebe, sowie Engelfiguren, welche Tiara und Schlüssel, die Insignien der päpstlichen Souveränität, tragen. Am Giebelfenster an der Vorderseite und den Vasen an der Seite Reliefs: Darstellungen aus dem Leben Petri. Das Hauptportal zeigt reiches Schnitzwerk und schöne Beschläge; eine Inschrift erinnert an das kaiserliche Pestgelübde.
In den Nischen unterhalb der beiden schiefgestellten Türme, welche die Vorderseite der Kirche flankieren, stehen folgende Sandsteinfiguren: St. Petrus und St. Simon, Johannes Evangelist (laut Paul Harrer St. Paulus) und Judas Thaddäus. An der Rückseite des Chores (Außenwand der Kirche) befinden sich Steinplastiken vom heiligen Petrus und vom Heiligen Michael, die von Lorenz Matitelli um 1730 ausgeführt wurden.
An der östlichen Seitenwand des Gotteshauses, gegenüber dem Ausgang der Goldschmiedgasse ist in die Steinmauer ein Marmorrelief eingelassen, das die sagenhafte Kreuzerrichtung an dieser Stelle durch Karl den Großen vergegenwärtigt. Von Rudolf Weyr geschafften, wurde es 1906 enthüllt.
JOINT BASE ELMENDORF-RICHARDSON, Alaska -- Parachute infantryman Cpl. Sean Tighe, a native of South Yarmouth, Mass., assigned to B Company 1st Battalion (Airborne) 501st Infantry Regiment, checks his map at a navigation point during the day land navigation portion of Expert Infantryman Badge qualification on Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Monday, April 22, 2013. The Expert Infantryman Badge was approved by the Secretary of War on October 7, 1943, and is currently awarded to U.S. Army personnel who hold infantry or special forces military occupational specialties. (U.S. Air Force photo/Justin Connaher)
Class 37069 & 37259 hauling the Pennine Pathfinder railtour from Gloucester to Carlisle, about to pass Acton Bridge (Cheshire) northbound, the line speed at this location is 110mph, my amateur estimation of the speed of this railtour was about 80mph.
1982 Tri-X @ ASA 400 in HC-110A for 9 minutes. Original negative shot in a Nikon F2 with, I believe, a 50mm 1.4. Developed negative photographed with a 55mm MicroNikkor on a bellows for digital conversion. Used LiveView for a grain focuser, and there was an abundance of it on which to focus. This is nearly the full 24mm width of the negative, squared up because it's a square composition.
Grain is exaggerated and tonal scale shot because of a few factors in my estimation, though I invite the more knowledgeable to weigh in. Not about the work in post, but about developing the old stock... This image was part of my first 2013 go at film manufactured around the time the Hunts tried to corner the silver market. The emulsion is three stops "old" and I should have exposed at 50-100 to keep developing times down, but have learned that since I exposed this frame's roll two years ago. The latent image had two more years to gracefully mature between exposure and development. I also did some non-purist stuff to it in Lightroom, but I use the tools I have! I'll wet print it next time I set up, just to see what it looks like in its pure, unadulterated form.
Kind of cool, though, because this is our daughter, Nikkormat around her neck, photographed on a frame out of a sentimental three hundred feet of my former staple Tri-X that my late mom bought and froze for me after I left for the US Navy in '78. Seems like it had skyrocketed to ~$25-30 a hundred or thereabouts.
It likely spent some time baking in an attic or storage unit over the past fifteen years, though. My wonderful sister was kind enough to reunite me with the rolls recently and I'm occasionally throwing different chemistry at test strips to try and tame the blackish base fog that Rodinal gave a roll. Hey - I'm back into the darkroom after 35 years away and was a D-76/Accufine/Diafine guy back them, shooting night-time football games for our school newspaper and the occasional NASCAR race when I could get trackside in Charlotte.
My film was fresh in the mid-70's, too. I never experimented with the expired mystery stuff I marveled over in Freestyle's ads for five to ten bucks a hundred, so never learned about Potassium Bromide, HC-110, Rodinal or DIY chemistry. I had Yellow Bags - who needed to measure chemicals?
I found that nine minutes in HC-110A did a respectable job on this film/age/exposure combination so I developed this roll I'd been hanging onto since our walk around Annapolis two years prior. The base fog didn't appear; base looks like Tri-X base always looked. Grain looks more like what I remember from Tri-X pushed to 1600 for those night games.
Thanks for taking time to read this far down in a photo comment!
Alan
Fusion of Dance - Indoor, IJsselhallen Zwolle, 18-12-2010. Showcasing my set from Fusion of Dance - Indoor here!
2010 loopt op haar eind. Maar eerst door de neer dwarrelende sneeuw afreizen nog naar Zwolle voor Fusion of Dance - Indoor. Alle stijlen van het muzikale spectrum waren hier vertegenwoordigd: Tech House, Techno,Hardstyle ja tot Hardcore aan toe. In deze set een selectie van de beste foto's van de totale shoot van 400 foto's. Staat je foto hier niet tussen? Je vindt je foto zeker terug in de set @ Dancegids.nl (www.dancegids.nl/). Wanneer je je foto niet terugvindt op Dancegids.nl, dan is die buiten de selectie gevallen, helaas! Better luck next time :)
Line-up: partyflock.nl/party/188254:Fusion_of_Dance.html
Check ook eens mijn eigen showgallery: www.dutchphotogallery.net/ (online soon, estimation: beginning 2011). En ook mijn YouTube Channel: www.youtube.com/user/dutchpartypics
Op mijn Youtube Channel een aantal clips die ik heb geschoten tijdens Fusion of Dance - Indoor in de verschillende areas!
Foto's nabestellen:
Foto's in high res nabestellen? Leuk voor gebruik voor allerlei creatieve doeleinden. Denk aan een kado voor iemand, zoals het afdrukken van je foto op Canvas, mokken, muismat etc. Maar ook een kwalitatieve afdruk op een printer kan natuurlijk met je nabestelling. Voor maar 2,50 Euro stuur ik je de high res foto(s) toe. Geef het betreffende fotonummer(s) door, of stuur mij de link van de betreffende foto(s) op Dancegids.nl, wanneer die hier op Flickr er niet tussen staat. Stuur deze info (fotonummer(s) en/of link) naar: dutchpartypics@yahoo.com. Hartelijk dank! Korsjan.
© Dutchpartypics | Korsjan Punt 2010. Powered by Nikon D50/D80/D3000 DSLR; Lenses: Nikon AF 50 mm, f 1.8; Nikon AF-S 18 - 55 mm, f 3.5 - 5.6; Nikon AF-S 18 - 105 mm VR, f: 3.5 - 5.6; Nikon AF-S 55 - 200 mm VR, f 4.0 - 5.6; Nikon AF 70 - 300 mm, f 4.0 - 5.6; Tamron SP XR DiII 17 - 50 mm, f 2.8; Tamron XR Di 28 - 75 mm, f: 2.8; Sigma Super Wide II 24 mm, f 2.8; Sigma EX DC-HSM 10 - 20 mm, f 4.0 - 5.6 and Sigma EX DC Macro 105 mm, f 2.8. Flash: Nikon Speedlight SB600 (Nikon D80) | Sunpak PZ42X (Nikon D3000) | Sunpak PF30X (Nikon D50), all including Stofen omnibounce. Compact: Nikon Coolpix L110 and Panasonic Lumix FX500. Flash Full HD Video: Kodak Zi8.
NIKON: At the heart of the image! & DUTCHPARTYPICS: Power of Imagination, for Pounding, Vivid Pictures! Make your photos come alive! And... ! Relive your most intense moments, over again!
©AVucha 2015
No injuries were reported after a fire partially destroyed a Spring Grove home Sunday afternoon. The Spring Grove Fire Protection District was dispatched to 6316 Johnsburg Rd. at around 2:24pm for the report of smoke and flames coming from the barn style residence. According to officials, the homeowner had possibly fallen asleep while heating up cooking oil in his tool room. The neighbor was able to gain access to the residence and alerted all 3 occupants of the fire. By the time fire crews arrived the fire had spread throughout the first floor and caused extensive smoke damage to the entire residence. Chief Richard Tobiasz said the fire was under control within an hour leaving initial damage estimations around $100,000. Due to the lack of hydrants in the area, more than a dozen fire departments from Lake and McHenry counties, including Wisconsin responded to the scene. All the occupants made it out safely prior to the fire departments arrival.
This photograph is being made available only for personal use printing by the subject(s) of the photograph. The photograph may not be manipulated in any way and may not be used in commercial material, advertisements, emails, products, promotions without the expressed consent of Alex Vucha.
Nangklao (Thai: พระบาทสมเด็จพระนั่งเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว) or Rama III (31 March 1788 – 2 April 1851) was the third monarch of Siam under the House of Chakri, ruling from 21 July 1824 to 2 April 1851. He succeeded his father, Rama II, as the King of Siam. His succession was unusual according to the traditions because Nangklao was a son of a concubine rather than that of a queen. His accession was perceived by foreign observers as having usurped the prior claim of Prince Mongkut, who was a legitimate son of Rama II born to a queen, Srisuriyendra. Under the old concept of Thai monarchy, however, a proper king must emulate Maha Sammata in that he must be "elected by the people." Ironically, Prince Mongkut may have later contributed to this misconception, when he feared that his own accession might be perceived by foreign observers as a usurpation.
During Nangklao's reign, the military hegemony of Siam was established by putting down the Laotian Rebellion (1826–1828, in what would come to be called Isan), the Siamese–Vietnamese War (1831–34), and the Siamese-Vietnamese War fought in Cambodia (1841–45).
EARLY LIFE
King Nangklao was born as Prince Thap (Thai: ทับ) in 1788 to Prince Isarasundhorn and one of his royal wives Chao Chom Manda Riam, who came from a Muslim noble family from the south. Following Isarasundhorn's coronation (posthumously known as Phutthaloetla Naphalai, or Rama II) in 1809, Prince Kshatriyanuchit (Mom Men), the surviving son of Taksin, revolted as pretender to the throne. Prince Thap was assigned to suppress the rebellion, which he did. Praised by his father for his competence, Prince Thap was given the Sanskrit-derived title Chetsadabodin, raised to the bureaucratic rank of Kromma Muen, and served his father as Kromma Tha (minister of trade and foreign affairs.) As Kromma Tha, he developed proficiency in foreign trade, and developed an affection for Chinese goods and culture. Temples he later had constructed were characterized by Chinese influence. After a private audience in 1822, Crawfurd wrote of the Prince Krom-chiat that, "he seemed certainly to maintain the character assigned to him in public estimation, of being the most intelligent of all the princes and chiefs of the Siamese Court." The Portuguese Consul stated that the Prince had offered him a large sum of money, if he would translate from the French into the Portuguese language a history of the wars of Napoleon, for the purpose of being rendered into Siamese through the Christian interpreters.
SUCCESSION
As the prince administered trade affairs, his half-brother Prince Mongkut pursued the way of religion, becoming a monk in 1824. In that year, Phutthaloetla Naphalai died suddenly without having named a successor to vice king Maha Senanurak, who had died 16 July 1817. According to the traditions of royal succession, the vice king or uparaja was heir presumptive. If there were none, then an ad hoc senabodi consisting of senior officials present at the death of a king, would elect a successor.[5] Foreign observers accustomed to the concept of an heir apparent expected Prince Mongkut, as the a son of the queen, to ascend to the throne. However, the assembled Senabodi considered Prince Chetsadabodin a more competent choice as he had served the king in Kromma Tha for years. Support came strongly from high-ranking nobility, including Chao Phraya Abhay Pudhorn, the Samuha Nayok, and Dis Bunnag then Minister of Kromma Tha, and other Bunnag family members.
Chetsadabodin accepted the throne and was crowned in 1824. He raised his mother, Riam, to Princess Mother Sri Suralai. He appointed his uncle, Sakdiphonlasep, vice king on 21 July 1824 – who predeceased the king 1 May 1832, leading to yet another succession crisis. He did not name his reign, but was posthumously awarded the name Nangklao by Mongkut, who had in the interim remained in ecclesiastic status to avoid the intrigues of royal politics.
WESTERN CONTACTS
The reign of Nangklao (as he was posthumously known) saw the renewal of Western contacts. In 1822, British East India Company agent John Crawfurd's mission to Siam laid the groundwork for a British request for Siamese support in the First Anglo-Burmese War, which broke out in 1824. Nangklao provided fleets and elephants to rush through Burmese forests. He also sent Siamese armies to participate in the invasion of Burma since the British promised Siam the conquered lands. Phraya Chumporn ordered the forced migration of Mergui (a common practice in Southeast Asia regarding the newly-conquered lands), which had been conquered by the British. The British were frustrated at Phraya Chumporn's actions, and hostilities were heightened. Nangklao ordered the Siamese armies to leave to avoid further conflict.
In 1825, Henry Burney arrived to negotiate peace agreements. The Burney Treaty was the first treaty with the West in the Rattanakosin period. Its purpose was to established free trade in Siam and to greatly reduce taxation on foreign trading ships. That it accomplished the objectives is disputed.
In 1833, US President Andrew Jackson's "special agent" and envoy Edmund Roberts, referring often to Crawfurd's account,[6]:pp198ff concluded the Siamese–American Treaty of Amity and Commerce, signed at the Royal City of Sia-Yut'hia (Bangkok) on 20 March, the last of the fourth month of the year 1194 Chula Sakarat. This treaty, with later modifications, is still in force. Dan Beach Bradley, an American physician and prominent Western personality of the time, introduced printing and vaccination.
ANOUVONG INSURGENCY
The three Laotian kingdoms (Lan Xang in Vientiane, Luang Prabang, and Champasak) became Siamese tributary states after Chao Phraya Maha Kshatriyaseuk (King Rama I, Nangklao's grandfather) had conquered them in 1778. Anouvong, the son of the king of Vientiene, was taken to Bangkok as a captive. He spent nearly thirty years in Siam and joined the Siamese forces in wars with Burma. In 1805, Anouvong returned to Vientiane to be crowned as the king.
In 1824, Phutthaloetla Naphalai died and, in the following year, Siam was dragged into conflicts with the British Empire. Anouvong saw this as an opportunity to wield his power. In 1825, returning from the funeral of Phutthaloetla Naphalai in Bangkok, Anouvong assembled a large force and went on the offensive. After defeating Bangkok-vassal principalities along the way, Anouvong captured Korat, the main defensive stronghold of Siam in the northeast. He forced the city to be evacuated while marching to Saraburi, on approach to the capital, Bangkok. However, the Korat captives rebelled—said to have been at the instigation of Lady Mo, wife of a ruling noble of Korat—although this claim is countered by many historians who say Mo had no heroic role in the events at Tung Samrit, though a contemporary account did mention her action. As Bangkok gathered counterattacking troops, Anouvong withdrew to return to Vientiane.
Nangklao sent his uncle Maha Sakdi Polsep the Front Palace and Sing Singhaseni (at the time styled Phraya Ratchasuphawadi) to defeat the armies of Anouvong in Isan. Anouvong was defeated and fled to Vietnam. The Siamese captured Vientiane and ordered the evacuation of the city.
In 1827, Nangklao ordered the total destruction of Vientiane. Anouvong returned to Laos with Vietnamese forces. Ratchasuphawadi led the Siamese to fight and the engagements occurred at Nong Khai. Anouvong was defeated again and, after an attempt to flee, was captured. Vientiane was razed, extinguishing her 200 year reign, and ceased to be a kingdom. Anouvong was imprisoned in an iron cage in front of the Suthaisawan Hall and died in 1829.
VIETNAM AND CAMBODIA
In 1810, internal conflicts between Cambodian princes forced Ang Im and Ang Duong to flee to Bangkok. Otteyraja of Cambodia turned to Gia Long of Vietnam for support against the opposing princes. However, this was perceived by Siam as treacherous as the two countries had fought for centuries for control of Cambodia.
In 1833, the Lê Văn Khôi revolt against Minh Mạng broke out in Vietnam. Lê Văn Khôi, the rebel leader, sought Siamese aid. Nangklao intended to take this opportunity to install a pro-Siamese monarch on the Cambodian throne.
Phraya Ratchasuphawadi, who had been promoted to Chao Phraya Bodindecha, was ordered to capture Saigon. Dis Bunnag, the Minister of Kromma Tha, commanded a fleet to rendezvous with ground forces at Saigon. The two Cambodian princes, Ang Im and Ang Duong, also joined the expedition. Bodindecha took Udongk and the fleet took Bantey Mas. The fleet proceeded to Saigon but was repelled.
Bodindecha then took Phnom Penh and again invaded Vietnam by land in 1842. In 1845, the Vietnamese recaptured Phnom Penh, but Bodindecha was able to defend Udongk. In 1847, prompted by Emperor Thiệu Trị's treatment of Christian missionaries, French forces invaded Vietnam. A cessation of hostilities with Siam was negotiated. Ang Duong was installed as the Cambodian monarch under the equal patronage of both Siam and Vietnam, thus ending the war.
REVOLT OF KEDAH
In 1837, Krom Somdet Phra Sri Suralai, mother of Nangklao, died. All officials throughout the kingdom went to Bangkok to attend the funeral. At Syburi (Kedah of Malaysia now), without the presence of Siamese governors, a nephew of the Sultan of Kedah then staged a revolt. Nangklao then sent Tat Bunnag down south to subjugate the rebellion quickly in 1838. Tat then suggested an autonomous government for Kedah Sultanate. In 1839, Kedah was divided into four autonomous parts.
RELIGIOUS DEVOTION
Nangklao was famous for his Buddhist faith. He fed the poor each day after becoming prince, and released animals every monastery day. More than 50 temples were built and repaired in his reign, including the first Chinese style temple at Rajorasa, the highest stupa at Wat Arun, the Golden Mountain at Wat Sraket, the metal temple at Wat Ratchanadda, and Chetupol Temple or Wat Pho. Wat Pho is the site of the first university in Thailand.
DEATH AND LEGACY
Nangklao died on 2 April 1851 without having named a successor. He had 51 children including sons, but had raised none of his consorts to queen. The throne passed to his half-brother, Prince Mongkut.
Nangklao stated on his deathbed that "Our wars with Burma and Vietnam were over, only the threats of the Westerners was left to us. We should study their innovations for our own benefits but not to the degree of obsession or worship." This vision coincided with Western intervention in Siam in the reign of Mongkut. He was able to predict, but not live to see the neighboring kingdoms of Burma and Vietnam fall to European colonial rule.
During his reign, trade between Siam and China became lucrative. The king kept his profits in red purses beside his bed, subsequently this money was known as "red purse money". Nangklao stipulated that the red purse money that he had earned through his business acumen should be set aside as the state's emergency fund for the future "so that Siam would be able to buy the land back" if it fell into a squabble with a foreign power. In the reign of his nephew Chulalongkorn, Siam indeed had to pay reparations to France for the 1893 Paknam incident during the Franco–Siamese War), and funding in part came from Nangklao's red purse money.
IN MEMORIAM
Thai baht 15th Series banknotes issued to draw attention to deeds of Chakri Dynasty monarchs in agriculture, science, religion and finance, depicted King Rama III on the reverse of the 500 baht banknote issued 3 August 2001, with a partial quotation of his deathbed statement below a Chinese sailing ship.
A statue of Rama III was dedicated in the front of Wat Ratchanatdaram.
Phra Nang Klao Hospital is a hospital in Nonthaburi Province bearing his name
Phra Nang Klao Bridge is a bridge across the Chao Phraya River in Nonthaburi Province bearing his name, with the Phra Nang Klao Bridge MRT station.
Maha Chesadabodindranusorn Bridge is a bridge across the Chao Phraya River in Nonthaburi Province bearing his title.
WIKIPEDIA
BRU_?? [? points]
A bit hidden away and at a quite unusual location but still in the heart of Bruxelles.
Date of invasion: unknown (Estimation March 2012, discovered by me on 15/03/2012)
Time to test my assertion that dommy.com/ihaterunning
The sensor for Nike+ is a few days off, so I shall be running in estimation mode.
The IMU board contains an accelerometer, magnetometer, gyroscope, and barometer, and runs a complex state estimation algorithm to determine the rocket's position and attitude during flight.
MS57 Sormus, valkokulta, berylli.
Taigakoru valmistaa tilaustyönä persoonallisia kihla- ja vihkisormuksia. Toteutamme haastavatkin sormustoiveenne ja voimme suunnitella vihkisormukset myös oman ideanne mukaiseksi. Erikoisuutenamme ovat kultahippusormukset, joihin käytämme aitoja, Lapin kultamailta kaivettuja kultahippuja. Suunnittelun alkuvaihessa toimitamme sormuksien hinta-arvion sekä luonnoksen, jonka avulla voitte tehdä päätöksen tilauksesta. Ottakaa yhteyttä sähköpostiimme, niin suunnitellaan teille unelmienne sormukset. s-posti : info ( at ) taigakoru.fi
Unique wedding ring designs from Rovaniemi, Finland. Please, provide your wishes to us and we design customized wedding rings, just for you. Delivery to all over the world. We will send you a price estimation and sketch of the ring, before you make decision regarding a final order. Ask for extra information via e-mail: info ( at ) taigakoru.fi
Verkkokauppa : www.taigakoru.fi
Online shop : www.taigakoru.fi
Facebook : www.facebook.com/taigakoru
©AVucha 2015
No injuries were reported after a fire partially destroyed a Spring Grove home Sunday afternoon. The Spring Grove Fire Protection District was dispatched to 6316 Johnsburg Rd. at around 2:24pm for the report of smoke and flames coming from the barn style residence. According to officials, the homeowner had possibly fallen asleep while heating up cooking oil in his tool room. The neighbor was able to gain access to the residence and alerted all 3 occupants of the fire. By the time fire crews arrived the fire had spread throughout the first floor and caused extensive smoke damage to the entire residence. Chief Richard Tobiasz said the fire was under control within an hour leaving initial damage estimations around $100,000. Due to the lack of hydrants in the area, more than a dozen fire departments from Lake and McHenry counties, including Wisconsin responded to the scene. All the occupants made it out safely prior to the fire departments arrival.
This photograph is being made available only for personal use printing by the subject(s) of the photograph. The photograph may not be manipulated in any way and may not be used in commercial material, advertisements, emails, products, promotions without the expressed consent of Alex Vucha.
This card was given to me in late 1986 by an ex-Royal. He went to Von Steuben in the mid 70s, so that's probably a good estimation for how old the card is. I don't know how long the Royals held sway at Pulaski-Peterson, but by the early 80s they had resettled themselves a block away at Keystone-Glenlake. This was a judicious move. At Pulaski-Peterson they did have the benefit of scoping out the chicks from the girls' high school that used to be on the corner, but the intersection proved to be too congested and noisy for gang members to operate. On the other hand, Keystone-Glenlake was the ideal refuge. Surrounded by wholesale companies and blue-collar businesses that closed by 5PM, it was the perfect shelter for the world-weary thug looking to get away from the pressures of daily gangbanging life. With no nearby rivals whatsoever to distract them, they could congregate by the railroad track and drink their beer and smoke their weed in almost total isolation. In fact, aside from a few visible streetside tags, it was almost impossible for anyone passing by on either Pulaski or Peterson to ever know they were there.
One of the more prominent KGst soldiers was Stone, who must have joined after this card was made. His prolific artwork could be found in the early to mid 80s along the train tracks in the manufacturing district that stretched all the way down to Bryn Mawr, as well as up around the old Zayre retail store on McCormick and Lincoln. (There was a 500-foot gangway between the Zayre and the postal office that was full of Royals' graffiti...and a lot of broken bottles too. Once in a while other Folk gangs like the IGs and SCs would come by and help the Royals with their "exterior decorating".)
As a result of all the Royals' activity, two satellite sections sprang up near KGst. One was a half mile down Pulaski at Brynford Park (BPRs). This was mainly just midgets with markers, and managed to last a year or two. The other was a half mile down Peterson at Central Park (PCPst). This offshoot was a little more successful, lasting from around 1984 to 1986. These Royals painted many black-and-blue masterpieces in the alleys on either side of Peterson, and usually hung out in Peterson Park.
By the early 1990s the original Royals had vacated Keystone-Glenlake. Although they are long gone and the neighborhood's been relatively quiet ever since, it's apparently still considered a violent and crime-ridden area because there's a "pig eye" right on the corner.
I remember I had asked the guy who gave me this card how he got into the gang, and he gave me a cryptic answer: "You gotta ask around."
JOINT BASE ELMENDORF-RICHARDSON, Alaska -- Parachute infantryman Spc. Nicholas Tolbert, assigned A Company 1st Battalion (Airborne) 501st Infantry Regiment, a native of Wilmington, Ind., struggles to pump out a few more push-ups in the waning seconds of the push-up portion of the Expert Infantryman Badge Army Physical Fitness Test just after 0400 in the early morning on Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Monday, April 22, 2013. The Expert Infantryman Badge was approved by the Secretary of War on October 7, 1943, and is currently awarded to U.S. Army personnel who hold infantry or special forces military occupational specialties. (U.S. Air Force photo/Justin Connaher)
Deputy Secretary of Defense Pat Shanahan meets with the Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation team Aug. 9, 2017, at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C. CAPE’s mission is to provide the Department of Defense with timely, insightful and unbiased analysis on resource allocation and cost estimation problems. (DOD photo by Air Force Tech. Sgt. Brigitte N. Brantley)
KTVG 17 News gets some live aerial coverage of the five car accident on Rt.11. It looks like a good estimation for the backup would probably be around 2 - 2.5 miles. It's only going to get longer, too. Officials are responding to the scene as we speak. We'll keep giving you live coverage of this accident, the minute we get it. For now, live on RT.11, SkyCam, KTVG 17 News.
One of the three McDonald's restaurants in Montélimar. Another one is located more in the center on the Route de Marseille and is called McDonald's Montélimar (photo: Sebastiaan Kroes) and is the oldest one in Montélimar (store number #0250). Along the A7 is a McCafé located operated by Autogrill and is not accessible from Montélimar itself.
This restaurants is located next to a E.LECLERC hypermarket.
McDonald's Montélimar Nord
Avenue des Catalins
26200 MONTÉLIMAR
Tél: +33 (0)4 75 00 94 45
Featuring: Drive-Thru - Gym&Fun Outdoor
Store#: 1240*
Date of opening: early 2010 (estimation)
[* Merci McKroes :-) ]
Part of the kit I found at a photographers sale. Scored the total kit for $140.00, see next photo.
Some things I learned while purchasing this kit...
These are M42 screw mount lenses. I currently also shoot with a Canon 7 and a Bessa-R which are also screw mount, however, they are Leica L39 screw mount cameras. Look the same, but slightly different sizes. Bummer. There is indeed an M42 to L39 adapter for $40 or so, but you lose out. You are going from SLR to Rangefinder, so to focus you will have to use "zone focusing" which I am not going to explain how to do here. Just know that you cannot see the photo focusing through the viewfinder, it's all estimation. Which is fine really, it just takes practice.
You Will Never Be The Same - Cordwainer Smith (Paul Linebarger 1913-66) [2014-04-02 516 SF]
comments by CR:
"We were drunk with happiness in those early years. Everyone was, especially the young people. These were the first years of the rediscovery of Man, when the Instrumentality dug deep in the treasury reconstructing the old cultures, the old languages, and even old troubles." from "Alpha Ralpha Boulevard" by Cordwainer Smith.
This book "You Will Never be the Same" (1963) by Cordwainer Smith has, in my estimation, the singular distinction of being the only collection of science fiction stories whose title accurately describes the effect it will have on the reader. As the book states on the back cover: "Read them and YOU WILL NEVER BE THE SAME." Smith's vision on the future, introduced in these stories and further developed in others, is a mesmerizing prologue to a fully realized alternate future call the Instrumentality of Mankind.
Smith's first published science-fiction book consists of nine stories all previously published in magazines 1948-1961. All stories are part of The Instrumentality of Mankind future.
No, No, Not Rogov! (1959) - short story - first published IF Magazine February 1959
A secret experiment in Stalin's Russia drives scientist insane with the visions of the far, far future.
The Lady Who Sailed the Soul (1960) - novelette by Cordwainer Smith and Genevieve Linebarger [as by Cordwainer Smith] - Galaxy Magazine, April 1960.
The story of planoforming sailors - Go-Captains - Helen American and Mr. Grey-no-more - a love story of a kind.
Scanners Live in Vain - (1950) - Fantasy Book, January 1950
Scanners - ships from the Up-and-Out - the Great Pain of Space - Year One of Space - Instrumentality - a Scanner breaks ranks.
The Game of Rat and Dragon (1955) - short story - Galaxy Magazine, April 1955
Pinlighting - planoform - Chiefs of the Instrumentality - Up-and-Out - Captain Wow - Father Moontree - Go-Captain - how the Dragons are defeated.
The Burning of the Brain (1958) - short story - IF Magazine, October 1958
The story of Go Captain of the Wu-Feinstein and his insane wife Delores Oh - Stop Captains - Planoforming - Pinlighting
Golden the Ship Was - Oh! Oh! Oh! - (1959) • short story by Cordwainer Smith and Genevieve Linebarger - Amazing, April 1959
War with the Raumsog came about twenty years after the great Cat Scandal - Lords of the Instrumentality - Golden Ship - Go-Captains - Prince Loveaduck - Old North Australian - santaclara drug
Alpha Ralpha Boulevard - (1961) • novelette - Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, June 1961
The Rediscovery of Man - Lord Jestocost - Old Common Tongue - Downdeep-downdeep - C'meel - Cat people - Abba dingo
Mark Elf (1957) - short story - Saturn, May 1957
An indestructible machine and a girl from the distant past resolve the riddle of the Sixth German Reich- Manshonyaggers - Kaskaskia Effect
Highly recommended for anyone with an interest in one of the treasures of science fiction.
TITLE: You Will Never be the Same
AUTHOR: Cordwainer Smith (Paul Linebarger) 1913-1966
TYPE: paperback Collection
PUBLISHER: Berkley S1894
COVER PRICE: $.75
ISBN: 0-425-01894-6
PAGES:176
PUB DATE: Sep 1970
EDITION: 1st Berkley, previously published in pb 1963 by Regency
COPYRIGHT: 1963 by author
COVER ARTIST:
ISFDB: Yes
RATING:
INDEX: 0228 - You Will Never be the Same - 08 - CS - IFB
CONTENTS:
No, No, Not Rogov! • [The Instrumentality of Mankind] • (1959) • shortstory by Cordwainer Smith
28 • The Lady Who Sailed the Soul • [The Instrumentality of Mankind] • (1960) • novelette by Cordwainer Smith
55 • Scanners Live in Vain • [The Instrumentality of Mankind] • (1950) • shortstory by Cordwainer Smith
93 • The Game of Rat and Dragon • [The Instrumentality of Mankind] • (1955) • shortstory by Cordwainer Smith
110 • The Burning of the Brain • [The Instrumentality of Mankind] • (1958) • shortstory by Cordwainer Smith
120 • Golden the Ship Was - Oh! Oh! Oh! • [The Instrumentality of Mankind] • (1959) • shortstory by Cordwainer Smith
130 • Alpha Ralpha Boulevard • [The Instrumentality of Mankind] • (1961) • novelette by Cordwainer Smith
162 • Mark Elf • [The Instrumentality of Mankind] • (1957) • shortstory by Cordwainer Smith
QUOTE….“ We were drunk with happiness in those early years. Everybody was, especially the young people. These were the first years of the Rediscovery of Man, when the Instrumentality dug deep in the treasury, reconstructing the old cultures, the old languages, and even the old troubles. The nightmare of perfection had taken our forefathers to the edge of suicide. Now under the leadership of the Lord Jestocost and the Lady Alice More, the ancient civilizations were rising like great land masses out of the sea of the past”….from Alpha Ralpha Boulevard by Cordwainer Smith
CULPABILITY: All images posted are from publications owned by RC/\Weazel. RC/\Weazel performed image scanning, editing and the compiling of bibliographic data.
ISFDB: Internet Speculative Fiction Data Base.
RATING: On a scale of 1 to 10 with 10 being great and 1 don’t read.
NO ENTRY: indicates specific information not available from book.
Baroque church
In 1676, when the Brotherhood of the Most Holy Trinity was solemnly introduced to St. Peter's, it soon attained a high membership. A large part of the members were among the richest and most respected citizens of Vienna. The nobility was also represented to the highest tops. The Brotherhood therefore had the means to do so, and in 1700, it decided to demolish the old church and build a new building whose shape was to commemorate St. Peter's in Rome. One year earlier, in the plague year of 1679, Leopold I vowed to build a new building dedicated to the Holy Trinity in place of the dilapidated church. Builder Jankel was requested to make an estimation of the costs. He received 50 guilders for the building survey drawn by him.
According to the technical guide through Vienna (Ing. Martin Paul) the builders are indicated in the inscriptions in the dome knob: Francesco Martinelli, Franz Jänggl and Christian Oettl. However, the bibliographical references are widely differing. According to the manual of the German art monuments of Georg Dehio, the construction was started according to the plan of Gabriele Montani 1702, continued from this until 1703, then, probably completed by Johann Lukas Hildebrandt after modified plan 1708 in the shell and consecrated on October 25, 1708. 1708-1715 was followed by the interior fittings, 1713-1717 the dome space was completed in its current picturesque and sculptural design, but only 1730-1733 built the main choir. Cardinal Kollonitsch consecrated St. Peter's Church in 1733. The tomb of Wolfgang Lazius, who had been buried in the old Peterskirche in 1565, was transferred to the new St. Peter's church. The Petersfreithof (cemetery) still surrounded the church, it was only abandoned under Joseph II. In 1844, the façade was restored, and the many sales offices added to the church disappeared after the abolishemnt of the cemetery.
The history of St. Peter in Baroque period
When the old church was removed in 1701, it was decided to find the foundation stone of the first church, which contained "an old parable of Pope Leo III", the friend and contemporary of Charlemagne.
An old memorial book from the parish notes that the particle in 1749 still existed, but writes nothing about the nature of the same. The founders of the strange foundation stone claimed that it must have been laid in the year 800 and this conviction was maintained, so that afterwards the inscription of the cornerstone for the new church was written, which reads:
Petri prinzipis Apostolorum Petri Coeli Clavigeri Sacris honoribus a Carolo I. Caesare Magno anno post virginis partum DCCC extructe novis ex fundamentis DOM uni in Trinitate Deo et S. Petri honoriter augusta surrexit Lapidem in titulum cen age Jacob restauravit Leopoldus uterque Felix. "
The German translation is approximately as follows:
"This church, which stood over nine centuries, founded on holy honors on the solid rock of Apostle Prince Paul, the key bearer of heaven, by Charlemagne in the year 800, after the Virgin gave birth, has resurrected gloriously in honor of the almighty God who is united in Trinity and St. Peter, as second Jacob the cornerstone has laid Leopold the Great as well as the Happy. "
This laying of the cornerstone was solemnly performed by Emperor Leopold I on June 30, 1702 (according to Harrer, Czeike names April 22, 1702).
Already at the time of the start of construction an accident was recorded:
On the occasion of a solemn procession on October 29, 1702, in which the emperor also participated with his court, as a result of the overburden, the planks laid over the foundations collapsed and about 50 persons, mostly court cavaliers and page boys, plunged into the depths.
The completion of the church progressed very slowly. Even during construction, the wood of the dome was damaged, so this had to be replaced in 1722 by a dome cover, for which Emperor Charles VI as the supreme patron and member of the Brotherhood of the Holy Trinity, supplied the copper. For years, the facade was missing and the towers had no ending.
On May 17, 1733, the church was finally consecrated by the Cardinal Count Sigismund Kollonitsch.
Appearance
The outer image of St. Peter's is dominated by the 56-meter high, massive dome, which in its configuration reminds of the dome of St. Peter. It is a two-storey facade of stocky effect, whose slopingly placed towers flank the concave central part and which is surmounted by the dome of the central building. The building itself glorifies the reign of Emperor Leopold I, whose motto is emblazoned in the interior above the choir arch. The charming, pavilion-like portal porch made of gray marble was built according to a design by Andrea Altomonte only 1751-1753. Figurative decoration made of lead by Franz Kohl, a pupil and assistant of Georg Raphael Donner, decorates it. Right at the top are the statues Faith, Hope and Love, as well as angelic figures bearing tiaras and keys, the insignia of papal sovereignty. On the gable window at the front and the vases on the side reliefs: depictions from the life of Peter. The main portal shows rich carving and beautiful fittings; an inscription commemorates the imperial plague vow.
In the niches below the two slopingly placed towers that flank the front of the church are the following sandstone figures: St. Peter and St. Simon, St. John the Evangelist (according to Paul Harrer St. Paul) and Judas Thaddeus. At the back of the choir (outside wall of the church) are stone sculptures of St. Peter and St. Michael, executed by Lorenz Matitelli around 1730.
On the eastern side wall of the church, opposite the exit of the Goldschmied alley, a marble relief is embedded in the stone wall, depicting the legendary setting up of the cross at this place by Charlemagne. Created by Rudolf Weyr, it was unveiled in 1906.
Barockkirche
Als die Bruderschaft der heiligsten Dreifaltigkeit 1676 feierlich in die Peterskirche eingeführt wurde, erreichte sie bald einen hohen Mitgliederstand. Ein großer Teil der Mitglieder zählte zu den reichsten und angesehensten Bürgern von Wien. Auch der Adel war bis in die höchsten Spitzen vertreten. Die Bruderschaft verfügte daher über die entsprechenden Mittel und so fasste sie im Jahr 1700 den Entschluss, die alte Kirche niederzureißen und einen Neubau aufzuführen, dessen Form an die Peterskirche zu Rom erinnern sollte. Bereits ein Jahr zuvor, im Pestjahr 1679 gelobte Leopold I., anstelle der baufälligen Kirche einen der Heiligen Dreifaltigkeit gewidmeten Neubau zu errichten. Man ließ von Baumeister Jankel einen Kosten-Überschlag machen. Für den von ihm gezeichneten Bauriss erhielt er 50 Gulden.
Nach dem technischen Führer durch Wien (Ing. Martin Paul) werden die Erbauer in den Inschriften im Kuppelknauf angegeben: Francesco Martinelli, Franz Jänggl und Christian Oettl. Die Literaturangaben gehen jedoch hierüber weit auseinander. Nach dem Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler von Georg Dehio wurde der Bau nach dem Plan von Gabriele Montani 1702 begonnen, von diesem bis 1703 weitergeführt, sodann, wahrscheinlich von Johann Lukas Hildebrandt nach verändertem Plan 1708 im Rohbau vollendet und am 25. Oktober 1708 geweiht. 1708-1715 folgte die Innenausstattung, 1713-1717 wurde der Kuppelraum in seiner gegenwärtigen malerischen und plastischen Ausgestaltung vollendet, jedoch erst 1730-1733 baute man den Hauptchor. 1733 weihte Kardinal Kollonitsch die Peterskirche. Das Grabmal des Wolfgang Lazius, der in der alten Peterskirche 1565 bestattet worden war, wurde in die neue Peterskirche übertragen. Nach wie vor umgab der Petersfreithof die Kirche; er wurde erst unter Joseph II. aufgelassen. 1844 restaurierte man die Fassade, wobei auch die vielen an die Kirche angebauten Verkaufsbuden verschwanden, die nach der Auflassung des Friedhofs entstanden waren.
Die Geschichte von St. Peter im Barock
Als man 1701 die alte Kirche abtrug, will man bei dieser Gelegenheit den Grundstein der ersten Kirche gefunden haben, der "eine alten Paritkel von Papst Leo III.“, dem Freunde und Zeitgenossen Karls des Großen, enthielt.
Ein altes Gedenkbuch aus der Pfarre bemerkt, dass der Partikel noch 1749 vorhanden war, schreibt aber nichts über die Art desselben. Die Auffinder des merkwürdigen Grundsteines behaupteten, dass er im Jahr 800 gelegt worden sein müsse und an dieser Überzeugung hielt man fest, sodass danach die Inschrift des Grundsteines für die neue Kirche verfasst wurde, welche lautet:
"Ecclesia quae IX ultra saecula steterat, fundata supra firmam Petram prinzipis Apostolorum Petri Coeli Clavigeri Sacris honoribus a Carolo I. Caesare Magno anno post virginis partum DCCC extructe novis ex fundamentis D.O.M- uni in Trinitate Deo et S. Petri honoriter augusta surrexit. Lapidem in titulum cen alter Jacob restauravit Leopoldus uterque Felix.“
Die deutsche Übersetzung ist etwa wie folgt:
"Diese Kirche, die über neun Jahrhunderte stand, gegründet zu heiligen Ehren auf dem festen Felsen des Apostelfürsten Paulus, des Schlüsselträgers des Himmels, von Karl dem Großen Kaiser im Jahr 800, nachdem die Jungfrau gebar, ist dem allmächtigen Gott, der einig ist in der Dreiheit und dem heiligen Petrus zu Ehren prachtvoll wiedererstanden. Als zweiter Jakob hat den Grundstein gelegt Leopold der ebenso Große als Glückliche."
Diese Grundsteinlegung geschah in feierlicher Weise durch Kaiser Leopold I. am 30. Juni 1702 (laut Harrer; Czeike benennt den 22. April 1702).
Schon zur Zeit des Baubeginnes war ein Unfall zu verzeichnen:
Anlässlich einer feierlichen Prozession am 29. Oktober 1702, an der auch der Kaiser mit seinem Hofstaat teilnahm, stürzte infolge der Überlastung die über die Fundamente gelegten Bretter ein und etwa 50 Personen, meistens Hofkavaliere und Pagen stürzten in die Tiefe.
Die Vollendung der Kirche ging sehr langsam voran. Noch während des Baues wurde das Holz der Kuppel schadhaft, sodass dieses 1722 durch eine Kuppeldeckung ersetzt werden musste, wozu Kaiser Karl VI. als oberster Schutzherr und Mitglied der Bruderschaft der heiligen Dreifaltigkeit das Kupfer lieferte. Jahrelang fehlte die Fassade und die Türme hatten keinen Abschluss.
Am 17. Mai 1733 konnte die Kirche endlich durch den Kardinal Graf Sigismund Kollonitsch geweiht werden.
Äußeres
Das äußere Bild das die Peterskirche darbietet, wird beherrschend bestimmt durch die 56 Meter hohe, gewaltige Kuppel, die in ihrer Konfiguration an die Kuppel von St. Peter erinnert. Es handelt sich um eine zweigeschossige Fassade von gedrungener Wirkung, deren schräggestellte Türme den konkav einschwingenden Mittelteil flankieren und der von der Kuppel des Zentralbaus überragt wird. Der Bau selbst verherrlicht die Regierung des Kaisers Leopold I., dessen Wahlspruch im Innen über dem Chorbogen prangt. Der reizvolle, pavillonartige Portalvorbau aus grauem Marmor wurde nach einem Entwurfe von Andrea Altomonte erst 1751 bis 1753 errichtet. Figürlicher Schmuck aus Blei von Franz Kohl, einem Schüler und Gehilfen von Georg Raphael Donner, ziert ihn. Zu Oberst die Statuen Glaube, Hoffnung und Liebe, sowie Engelfiguren, welche Tiara und Schlüssel, die Insignien der päpstlichen Souveränität, tragen. Am Giebelfenster an der Vorderseite und den Vasen an der Seite Reliefs: Darstellungen aus dem Leben Petri. Das Hauptportal zeigt reiches Schnitzwerk und schöne Beschläge; eine Inschrift erinnert an das kaiserliche Pestgelübde.
In den Nischen unterhalb der beiden schiefgestellten Türme, welche die Vorderseite der Kirche flankieren, stehen folgende Sandsteinfiguren: St. Petrus und St. Simon, Johannes Evangelist (laut Paul Harrer St. Paulus) und Judas Thaddäus. An der Rückseite des Chores (Außenwand der Kirche) befinden sich Steinplastiken vom heiligen Petrus und vom Heiligen Michael, die von Lorenz Matitelli um 1730 ausgeführt wurden.
An der östlichen Seitenwand des Gotteshauses, gegenüber dem Ausgang der Goldschmiedgasse ist in die Steinmauer ein Marmorrelief eingelassen, das die sagenhafte Kreuzerrichtung an dieser Stelle durch Karl den Großen vergegenwärtigt. Von Rudolf Weyr geschafften, wurde es 1906 enthüllt.
Very rough estimation of the radiation dose/hour one meter away from a fuel array filled with spent light water reactor fuel as a function of time. The initial composition based on table 1 in aries.ucsd.edu/snowmass/SG-A/ans96-transmutation_paper.pdf
and the initial radioactivity by figure 1 in
www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/10137382-BSfGip/native/...
The green lines mark the acute effects after one hour exposure. I have added the contributions of various isotopes in blue, but not taken daughter products into account.
JOINT BASE ELMENDORF-RICHARDSON, Alaska -- Parachute infantrymen assigned to U.S. Army Alaska's 4th Brigade Combat Team (Airborne) 25th Infantry Division waitin line to draw maps and compasses Expert Infantryman Badge qualification on Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Monday, April 22, 2013. The Expert Infantryman Badge was approved by the Secretary of War on October 7, 1943, and is currently awarded to U.S. Army personnel who hold infantry or special forces military occupational specialties. (U.S. Air Force photo/Justin Connaher)
It is exciting to know that this ship is part of the sixth Naval escort flotilla, it is now on the way to Somolia with the most advance PLAN destroyer The Type 052C (No. 170 Lanzhou). This is the first time China deploy such a large warship oversea. China is no doubt using the opportunity to test their brand new warship in overseas operation.
For more photos of the task force leaving China, please refer to:
china-defense.blogspot.com/2010/06/photos-of-plans-sixth-...
The Type 071 LPD is the largest indigenously designed combat ship of the PLAN to date, with an estimated full displacement of 17,000~20,000 tonnes. The cargo capacity of the Type 071 is thought to be in the same range as the U.S. Navy Austin class LPD. If this estimation was correct, the Type 071 LPD can carry a marine corps battalion, including 500~800 troops, 15~20 amphibious armoured vehicles, and their associated logistic supplies.
Photo Source: Chinese Government
Busy Mom. This picture collage was comprised of shots taken from morning to the late afternoon. Raising two kids alone is not an easy task. I read from the Internet that she did the nest construction, hatching, and feeding all by herself. I am here giving my special respect to her!
This is my estimation of day 19th-20th of nesting period. The main reason for estimation is that no one can see inside the nest to have the most accurate date of egg hatching.
My estimation is mainly based on the size, feather development and wing activity from my observation.
Now it is almost towards the ending of the nesting period. I can see Mom is working very hard to satisfy the kids' growing appetite. Insects and small worms are mainly the food source I can see. However, the kids' poop is mainly liquid though.
Source: livinghistories.newcastle.edu.au/nodes/view/46607
This photo appeared in the News, Volume 12, Number 18, October to 27, 1986.
"Brazilian Vice-Chancellor visits
Recent visitors to the University were Professor Ataulfo Marques Martions de Costa, Rector (Vice-Chancellor) and Mr H. Magalhaes of the Universidade Federal de Uberlandia.
The Universidade Federal de Uberlandia is one of 270 universities in Brazil. It is located in central Brazil and is a similar size to the University of Newcastle.
The purpose of Professor de Costa’s visit was twofold. Firstly, Professor de Costa proposed to Professor Ken Dutton in Professor Don George’s absence that a formal exchange programme be established between the two Universities. This exchange programme would involve an exchange of academic staff and students, exchanging information and collaboration in research.
The Universidade Federal de Uberlandia has a close relationship with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering here. In face, one of the main reasons Professor de Costa chose to visit the University is because two teachers from his University have leave of absence to take their PhD courses here. They are Jose and Marcia Fernandes. Jose is working in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering on the estimation of deterministic disturbances in noise whilst Marcia is enrolled in the Department of Linguistics studying the interaction of structures of discourse in listening and speaking skills. The second reason for Professor de Costa’s visit was that he is interested in exploring the possibility of establishing a company such as TURNA in his own University.
Whilst it is University was the only university that Professor de Costa visited in Australia, it is just of the universities that he has visited in this trip around the world. The Universidade Federal de Uberlandia has informal contacts with a number of other universities in the world and Professor de Costa has also proposed a formal link between his University and universities in Spain, Germany, Switzerland and Japan.
Professor de Costa presented an amethyst from his state in Brazil to the University.
One interesting thing that Professor de Costa pointed out was that he has a four-year tenure as Vice-Chancellor. In his particular case his tenure has been extended by eight years but this is extremely unusual. At the end of this time the University will recommend a number of persons to the Government and the Government will select the next Vice-Chancellor."
This image was scanned from a photograph in the University's historical photographic collection held by Cultural Collections at the University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
If you have any information about this photograph, or would like a higher resolution copy, please contact us or leave a comment in the box below.
Two more examples of tracking independent objects that "collide" and obscure each other. The video was captured with a Raspberry Pi version 2 camera attached to a Raspberry Pi 4B SBC.
The IMU board contains an accelerometer, magnetometer, gyroscope, and barometer, and runs a complex state estimation algorithm to determine the rocket's position and attitude during flight.
MS54 Kultasormus, timantti.
Taigakoru valmistaa tilaustyönä persoonallisia kihla- ja vihkisormuksia. Toteutamme haastavatkin sormustoiveenne ja voimme suunnitella vihkisormukset myös oman ideanne mukaiseksi. Erikoisuutenamme ovat kultahippusormukset, joihin käytämme aitoja, Lapin kultamailta kaivettuja kultahippuja. Suunnittelun alkuvaihessa toimitamme sormuksien hinta-arvion sekä luonnoksen, jonka avulla voitte tehdä päätöksen tilauksesta. Ottakaa yhteyttä sähköpostiimme, niin suunnitellaan teille unelmienne sormukset. s-posti : info ( at ) taigakoru.fi
Unique wedding ring designs from Rovaniemi, Finland. Please, provide your wishes to us and we design customized wedding rings, just for you. Delivery to all over the world. We will send you a price estimation and sketch of the ring, before you make decision regarding a final order. Ask for extra information via e-mail: info ( at ) taigakoru.fi
Verkkokauppa : www.taigakoru.fi
Online shop : www.taigakoru.fi
Facebook : www.facebook.com/taigakoru
JOINT BASE ELMENDORF-RICHARDSON, Alaska -- Parachute infantryman Pfc. Ethan Seidel, a native of Austin, Texas, assigned to D Company 3rd Battalion (Airborne) 509th Infantry Regiment, stowes his compass during Expert Infantryman Badge qualification on Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Monday, April 22, 2013. The Expert Infantryman Badge was approved by the Secretary of War on October 7, 1943, and is currently awarded to U.S. Army personnel who hold infantry or special forces military occupational specialties. (U.S. Air Force photo/Justin Connaher)
William Kircher, "Bifur" at "The Hobbit", Picture (C) Jens Fechter
Taken over a distance of about 40 meters (Estimation) from the Gallery.
Picture (C) Jens Fechter. Please don't use without permission!
I took this during the 1991 railroad festival in Sacramento Ca. They have since had a 1999 railroad festival, and the next one won't be here until next year 2007 or 2008. This is my closest estimation of the next railroad festival.
When I find out the exact date of the railroad festival in Sacramento Ca. you will be the first people I will tell.
The railroad festival has all old trains come in from all over the United States, and a few steam trains are even brought in by ship from around the world.
MS8 Nivelrikkoa potevan asiakkaan saranoitu sormus. Kultasormus, lapin kultahiput, timantti. www.taigakoru.fi
Taigakoru valmistaa tilaustyönä persoonallisia kihla- ja vihkisormuksia. Toteutamme haastavatkin sormustoiveenne ja voimme suunnitella vihkisormukset myös oman ideanne mukaiseksi. Erikoisuutenamme ovat kultahippusormukset, joihin käytämme aitoja, Lapin kultamailta kaivettuja kultahippuja. Suunnittelun alkuvaihessa toimitamme sormuksien hinta-arvion sekä luonnoksen, jonka avulla voitte tehdä päätöksen tilauksesta. Ottakaa yhteyttä sähköpostiimme, niin suunnitellaan teille unelmienne sormukset. s-posti : info ( at ) taigakoru.fi
Unique wedding ring designs from Rovaniemi, Finland. Please, provide your wishes to us and we design customized wedding rings, just for you. Delivery to all over the world. We will send you a price estimation and sketch of the ring, before you make decision regarding a final order. Ask for extra information via e-mail: info ( at ) taigakoru.fi
Verkkokauppa : www.taigakoru.fi
Online shop : www.taigakoru.fi
Facebook : www.facebook.com/taigakoru
The IMU board contains an accelerometer, magnetometer, gyroscope, and barometer, and runs a complex state estimation algorithm to determine the rocket's position and attitude during flight. Shown here is the optional external high-accuracy IMU.
I made some going away presents for the kids. They are primitive astrolabes / jewelry I designed. You can use them to determine your latitude by measuring the angle of the noon sun.
To operate they take the necklace off and let the washer and beads hang straight down. The side of the jewelry is rotated to match the side of the angle you want to measure. You read the angle off the jewelry.
This can be used in conjunction with other estimation methods to measure a lot of things.
Here's a list of some other simple measurement estimation methods I taught the kids.
www.shurdington.org/Downloads/Estimation.doc
I'm a fan of the Napoleon method for measuring rivers.
JOINT BASE ELMENDORF-RICHARDSON, Alaska -- Parachute infantryman Staff Sgt. Seth Be Kam, assigned to A Company 3rd Battalion (Airborne) 509th Infantry Regiment, a native of Rock Rapids, Iowa, left, takes a compass from Spc. Anthony Grigg, assigned to Headquarters and Headquarters Company 1st Battalion (Airborne) 501st Infantry Regiment, a native of Beatrice, Neb., during Expert Infantryman Badge qualification on Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Monday, April 22, 2013. The Expert Infantryman Badge was approved by the Secretary of War on October 7, 1943, and is currently awarded to U.S. Army personnel who hold infantry or special forces military occupational specialties. (U.S. Air Force photo/Justin Connaher)
Bregman superquantiles. Estimation methods and applications. Labopin-Richard, Gamboa, Garivier, Iooss arxiv.org/abs/1405.6677 #q-fin
MS50 Lomittaiset sormukset. Valko- ja keltakultaa, timantit. www.taigakoru.fi
Taigakoru valmistaa tilaustyönä persoonallisia kihla- ja vihkisormuksia. Toteutamme haastavatkin sormustoiveenne ja voimme suunnitella vihkisormukset myös oman ideanne mukaiseksi. Erikoisuutenamme ovat kultahippusormukset, joihin käytämme aitoja, Lapin kultamailta kaivettuja kultahippuja. Suunnittelun alkuvaihessa toimitamme sormuksien hinta-arvion sekä luonnoksen, jonka avulla voitte tehdä päätöksen tilauksesta. Ottakaa yhteyttä sähköpostiimme, niin suunnitellaan teille unelmienne sormukset. s-posti : info ( at ) taigakoru.fi
Unique wedding ring designs from Rovaniemi, Finland. Please, provide your wishes to us and we design customized wedding rings, just for you. Delivery to all over the world. We will send you a price estimation and sketch of the ring, before you make decision regarding a final order. Ask for extra information via e-mail: info ( at ) taigakoru.fi
Verkkokauppa : www.taigakoru.fi
Online shop : www.taigakoru.fi
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©AVucha 2015
No injuries were reported after a fire partially destroyed a Spring Grove home Sunday afternoon. The Spring Grove Fire Protection District was dispatched to 6316 Johnsburg Rd. at around 2:24pm for the report of smoke and flames coming from the barn style residence. According to officials, the homeowner had possibly fallen asleep while heating up cooking oil in his tool room. The neighbor was able to gain access to the residence and alerted all 3 occupants of the fire. By the time fire crews arrived the fire had spread throughout the first floor and caused extensive smoke damage to the entire residence. Chief Richard Tobiasz said the fire was under control within an hour leaving initial damage estimations around $100,000. Due to the lack of hydrants in the area, more than a dozen fire departments from Lake and McHenry counties, including Wisconsin responded to the scene. All the occupants made it out safely prior to the fire departments arrival.
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JOINT BASE ELMENDORF-RICHARDSON, Alaska -- Parachute infantryman Spc. Christopher Bennett, A Company 1st Battalion (Airborne) 501st Infantry Regiment, a native of Skaneateles, NY, fires a M-240 machine gun as a candidate for the Expert Infantryman Badge on Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Wednesday, April 24, 2013. The Expert Infantryman Badge was approved by the Secretary of War on October 7, 1943, and is currently awarded to U.S. Army personnel who hold infantry or special forces military occupational specialties. (U.S. Air Force photo/Justin Connaher)
Singapore River. Tried out a 3-image panorama vertically stitched with a RRS FAS Nodal Slide. I didn't really get to the nitty gritty of the parallax point, just did an estimation for testing purposes. Worked out afterall and am happy with the results. Now to get down to finding the real NNP of my lens!
Baroque church
In 1676, when the Brotherhood of the Most Holy Trinity was solemnly introduced to St. Peter's, it soon attained a high membership. A large part of the members were among the richest and most respected citizens of Vienna. The nobility was also represented to the highest tops. The Brotherhood therefore had the means to do so, and in 1700, it decided to demolish the old church and build a new building whose shape was to commemorate St. Peter's in Rome. One year earlier, in the plague year of 1679, Leopold I vowed to build a new building dedicated to the Holy Trinity in place of the dilapidated church. Builder Jankel was requested to make an estimation of the costs. He received 50 guilders for the building survey drawn by him.
According to the technical guide through Vienna (Ing. Martin Paul) the builders are indicated in the inscriptions in the dome knob: Francesco Martinelli, Franz Jänggl and Christian Oettl. However, the bibliographical references are widely differing. According to the manual of the German art monuments of Georg Dehio, the construction was started according to the plan of Gabriele Montani 1702, continued from this until 1703, then, probably completed by Johann Lukas Hildebrandt after modified plan 1708 in the shell and consecrated on October 25, 1708. 1708-1715 was followed by the interior fittings, 1713-1717 the dome space was completed in its current picturesque and sculptural design, but only 1730-1733 built the main choir. Cardinal Kollonitsch consecrated St. Peter's Church in 1733. The tomb of Wolfgang Lazius, who had been buried in the old Peterskirche in 1565, was transferred to the new St. Peter's church. The Petersfreithof (cemetery) still surrounded the church, it was only abandoned under Joseph II. In 1844, the façade was restored, and the many sales offices added to the church disappeared after the abolishemnt of the cemetery.
The history of St. Peter in Baroque period
When the old church was removed in 1701, it was decided to find the foundation stone of the first church, which contained "an old parable of Pope Leo III", the friend and contemporary of Charlemagne.
An old memorial book from the parish notes that the particle in 1749 still existed, but writes nothing about the nature of the same. The founders of the strange foundation stone claimed that it must have been laid in the year 800 and this conviction was maintained, so that afterwards the inscription of the cornerstone for the new church was written, which reads:
Petri prinzipis Apostolorum Petri Coeli Clavigeri Sacris honoribus a Carolo I. Caesare Magno anno post virginis partum DCCC extructe novis ex fundamentis DOM uni in Trinitate Deo et S. Petri honoriter augusta surrexit Lapidem in titulum cen age Jacob restauravit Leopoldus uterque Felix. "
The German translation is approximately as follows:
"This church, which stood over nine centuries, founded on holy honors on the solid rock of Apostle Prince Paul, the key bearer of heaven, by Charlemagne in the year 800, after the Virgin gave birth, has resurrected gloriously in honor of the almighty God who is united in Trinity and St. Peter, as second Jacob the cornerstone has laid Leopold the Great as well as the Happy. "
This laying of the cornerstone was solemnly performed by Emperor Leopold I on June 30, 1702 (according to Harrer, Czeike names April 22, 1702).
Already at the time of the start of construction an accident was recorded:
On the occasion of a solemn procession on October 29, 1702, in which the emperor also participated with his court, as a result of the overburden, the planks laid over the foundations collapsed and about 50 persons, mostly court cavaliers and page boys, plunged into the depths.
The completion of the church progressed very slowly. Even during construction, the wood of the dome was damaged, so this had to be replaced in 1722 by a dome cover, for which Emperor Charles VI as the supreme patron and member of the Brotherhood of the Holy Trinity, supplied the copper. For years, the facade was missing and the towers had no ending.
On May 17, 1733, the church was finally consecrated by the Cardinal Count Sigismund Kollonitsch.
Appearance
The outer image of St. Peter's is dominated by the 56-meter high, massive dome, which in its configuration reminds of the dome of St. Peter. It is a two-storey facade of stocky effect, whose slopingly placed towers flank the concave central part and which is surmounted by the dome of the central building. The building itself glorifies the reign of Emperor Leopold I, whose motto is emblazoned in the interior above the choir arch. The charming, pavilion-like portal porch made of gray marble was built according to a design by Andrea Altomonte only 1751-1753. Figurative decoration made of lead by Franz Kohl, a pupil and assistant of Georg Raphael Donner, decorates it. Right at the top are the statues Faith, Hope and Love, as well as angelic figures bearing tiaras and keys, the insignia of papal sovereignty. On the gable window at the front and the vases on the side reliefs: depictions from the life of Peter. The main portal shows rich carving and beautiful fittings; an inscription commemorates the imperial plague vow.
In the niches below the two slopingly placed towers that flank the front of the church are the following sandstone figures: St. Peter and St. Simon, St. John the Evangelist (according to Paul Harrer St. Paul) and Judas Thaddeus. At the back of the choir (outside wall of the church) are stone sculptures of St. Peter and St. Michael, executed by Lorenz Matitelli around 1730.
On the eastern side wall of the church, opposite the exit of the Goldschmied alley, a marble relief is embedded in the stone wall, depicting the legendary setting up of the cross at this place by Charlemagne. Created by Rudolf Weyr, it was unveiled in 1906.
Barockkirche
Als die Bruderschaft der heiligsten Dreifaltigkeit 1676 feierlich in die Peterskirche eingeführt wurde, erreichte sie bald einen hohen Mitgliederstand. Ein großer Teil der Mitglieder zählte zu den reichsten und angesehensten Bürgern von Wien. Auch der Adel war bis in die höchsten Spitzen vertreten. Die Bruderschaft verfügte daher über die entsprechenden Mittel und so fasste sie im Jahr 1700 den Entschluss, die alte Kirche niederzureißen und einen Neubau aufzuführen, dessen Form an die Peterskirche zu Rom erinnern sollte. Bereits ein Jahr zuvor, im Pestjahr 1679 gelobte Leopold I., anstelle der baufälligen Kirche einen der Heiligen Dreifaltigkeit gewidmeten Neubau zu errichten. Man ließ von Baumeister Jankel einen Kosten-Überschlag machen. Für den von ihm gezeichneten Bauriss erhielt er 50 Gulden.
Nach dem technischen Führer durch Wien (Ing. Martin Paul) werden die Erbauer in den Inschriften im Kuppelknauf angegeben: Francesco Martinelli, Franz Jänggl und Christian Oettl. Die Literaturangaben gehen jedoch hierüber weit auseinander. Nach dem Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler von Georg Dehio wurde der Bau nach dem Plan von Gabriele Montani 1702 begonnen, von diesem bis 1703 weitergeführt, sodann, wahrscheinlich von Johann Lukas Hildebrandt nach verändertem Plan 1708 im Rohbau vollendet und am 25. Oktober 1708 geweiht. 1708-1715 folgte die Innenausstattung, 1713-1717 wurde der Kuppelraum in seiner gegenwärtigen malerischen und plastischen Ausgestaltung vollendet, jedoch erst 1730-1733 baute man den Hauptchor. 1733 weihte Kardinal Kollonitsch die Peterskirche. Das Grabmal des Wolfgang Lazius, der in der alten Peterskirche 1565 bestattet worden war, wurde in die neue Peterskirche übertragen. Nach wie vor umgab der Petersfreithof die Kirche; er wurde erst unter Joseph II. aufgelassen. 1844 restaurierte man die Fassade, wobei auch die vielen an die Kirche angebauten Verkaufsbuden verschwanden, die nach der Auflassung des Friedhofs entstanden waren.
Die Geschichte von St. Peter im Barock
Als man 1701 die alte Kirche abtrug, will man bei dieser Gelegenheit den Grundstein der ersten Kirche gefunden haben, der "eine alten Paritkel von Papst Leo III.“, dem Freunde und Zeitgenossen Karls des Großen, enthielt.
Ein altes Gedenkbuch aus der Pfarre bemerkt, dass der Partikel noch 1749 vorhanden war, schreibt aber nichts über die Art desselben. Die Auffinder des merkwürdigen Grundsteines behaupteten, dass er im Jahr 800 gelegt worden sein müsse und an dieser Überzeugung hielt man fest, sodass danach die Inschrift des Grundsteines für die neue Kirche verfasst wurde, welche lautet:
"Ecclesia quae IX ultra saecula steterat, fundata supra firmam Petram prinzipis Apostolorum Petri Coeli Clavigeri Sacris honoribus a Carolo I. Caesare Magno anno post virginis partum DCCC extructe novis ex fundamentis D.O.M- uni in Trinitate Deo et S. Petri honoriter augusta surrexit. Lapidem in titulum cen alter Jacob restauravit Leopoldus uterque Felix.“
Die deutsche Übersetzung ist etwa wie folgt:
"Diese Kirche, die über neun Jahrhunderte stand, gegründet zu heiligen Ehren auf dem festen Felsen des Apostelfürsten Paulus, des Schlüsselträgers des Himmels, von Karl dem Großen Kaiser im Jahr 800, nachdem die Jungfrau gebar, ist dem allmächtigen Gott, der einig ist in der Dreiheit und dem heiligen Petrus zu Ehren prachtvoll wiedererstanden. Als zweiter Jakob hat den Grundstein gelegt Leopold der ebenso Große als Glückliche."
Diese Grundsteinlegung geschah in feierlicher Weise durch Kaiser Leopold I. am 30. Juni 1702 (laut Harrer; Czeike benennt den 22. April 1702).
Schon zur Zeit des Baubeginnes war ein Unfall zu verzeichnen:
Anlässlich einer feierlichen Prozession am 29. Oktober 1702, an der auch der Kaiser mit seinem Hofstaat teilnahm, stürzte infolge der Überlastung die über die Fundamente gelegten Bretter ein und etwa 50 Personen, meistens Hofkavaliere und Pagen stürzten in die Tiefe.
Die Vollendung der Kirche ging sehr langsam voran. Noch während des Baues wurde das Holz der Kuppel schadhaft, sodass dieses 1722 durch eine Kuppeldeckung ersetzt werden musste, wozu Kaiser Karl VI. als oberster Schutzherr und Mitglied der Bruderschaft der heiligen Dreifaltigkeit das Kupfer lieferte. Jahrelang fehlte die Fassade und die Türme hatten keinen Abschluss.
Am 17. Mai 1733 konnte die Kirche endlich durch den Kardinal Graf Sigismund Kollonitsch geweiht werden.
Äußeres
Das äußere Bild das die Peterskirche darbietet, wird beherrschend bestimmt durch die 56 Meter hohe, gewaltige Kuppel, die in ihrer Konfiguration an die Kuppel von St. Peter erinnert. Es handelt sich um eine zweigeschossige Fassade von gedrungener Wirkung, deren schräggestellte Türme den konkav einschwingenden Mittelteil flankieren und der von der Kuppel des Zentralbaus überragt wird. Der Bau selbst verherrlicht die Regierung des Kaisers Leopold I., dessen Wahlspruch im Innen über dem Chorbogen prangt. Der reizvolle, pavillonartige Portalvorbau aus grauem Marmor wurde nach einem Entwurfe von Andrea Altomonte erst 1751 bis 1753 errichtet. Figürlicher Schmuck aus Blei von Franz Kohl, einem Schüler und Gehilfen von Georg Raphael Donner, ziert ihn. Zu Oberst die Statuen Glaube, Hoffnung und Liebe, sowie Engelfiguren, welche Tiara und Schlüssel, die Insignien der päpstlichen Souveränität, tragen. Am Giebelfenster an der Vorderseite und den Vasen an der Seite Reliefs: Darstellungen aus dem Leben Petri. Das Hauptportal zeigt reiches Schnitzwerk und schöne Beschläge; eine Inschrift erinnert an das kaiserliche Pestgelübde.
In den Nischen unterhalb der beiden schiefgestellten Türme, welche die Vorderseite der Kirche flankieren, stehen folgende Sandsteinfiguren: St. Petrus und St. Simon, Johannes Evangelist (laut Paul Harrer St. Paulus) und Judas Thaddäus. An der Rückseite des Chores (Außenwand der Kirche) befinden sich Steinplastiken vom heiligen Petrus und vom Heiligen Michael, die von Lorenz Matitelli um 1730 ausgeführt wurden.
An der östlichen Seitenwand des Gotteshauses, gegenüber dem Ausgang der Goldschmiedgasse ist in die Steinmauer ein Marmorrelief eingelassen, das die sagenhafte Kreuzerrichtung an dieser Stelle durch Karl den Großen vergegenwärtigt. Von Rudolf Weyr geschafften, wurde es 1906 enthüllt.
Baroque church
In 1676, when the Brotherhood of the Most Holy Trinity was solemnly introduced to St. Peter's, it soon attained a high membership. A large part of the members were among the richest and most respected citizens of Vienna. The nobility was also represented to the highest tops. The Brotherhood therefore had the means to do so, and in 1700, it decided to demolish the old church and build a new building whose shape was to commemorate St. Peter's in Rome. One year earlier, in the plague year of 1679, Leopold I vowed to build a new building dedicated to the Holy Trinity in place of the dilapidated church. Builder Jankel was requested to make an estimation of the costs. He received 50 guilders for the building survey drawn by him.
According to the technical guide through Vienna (Ing. Martin Paul) the builders are indicated in the inscriptions in the dome knob: Francesco Martinelli, Franz Jänggl and Christian Oettl. However, the bibliographical references are widely differing. According to the manual of the German art monuments of Georg Dehio, the construction was started according to the plan of Gabriele Montani 1702, continued from this until 1703, then, probably completed by Johann Lukas Hildebrandt after modified plan 1708 in the shell and consecrated on October 25, 1708. 1708-1715 was followed by the interior fittings, 1713-1717 the dome space was completed in its current picturesque and sculptural design, but only 1730-1733 built the main choir. Cardinal Kollonitsch consecrated St. Peter's Church in 1733. The tomb of Wolfgang Lazius, who had been buried in the old Peterskirche in 1565, was transferred to the new St. Peter's church. The Petersfreithof (cemetery) still surrounded the church, it was only abandoned under Joseph II. In 1844, the façade was restored, and the many sales offices added to the church disappeared after the abolishemnt of the cemetery.
The history of St. Peter in Baroque period
When the old church was removed in 1701, it was decided to find the foundation stone of the first church, which contained "an old parable of Pope Leo III", the friend and contemporary of Charlemagne.
An old memorial book from the parish notes that the particle in 1749 still existed, but writes nothing about the nature of the same. The founders of the strange foundation stone claimed that it must have been laid in the year 800 and this conviction was maintained, so that afterwards the inscription of the cornerstone for the new church was written, which reads:
Petri prinzipis Apostolorum Petri Coeli Clavigeri Sacris honoribus a Carolo I. Caesare Magno anno post virginis partum DCCC extructe novis ex fundamentis DOM uni in Trinitate Deo et S. Petri honoriter augusta surrexit Lapidem in titulum cen age Jacob restauravit Leopoldus uterque Felix. "
The German translation is approximately as follows:
"This church, which stood over nine centuries, founded on holy honors on the solid rock of Apostle Prince Paul, the key bearer of heaven, by Charlemagne in the year 800, after the Virgin gave birth, has resurrected gloriously in honor of the almighty God who is united in Trinity and St. Peter, as second Jacob the cornerstone has laid Leopold the Great as well as the Happy. "
This laying of the cornerstone was solemnly performed by Emperor Leopold I on June 30, 1702 (according to Harrer, Czeike names April 22, 1702).
Already at the time of the start of construction an accident was recorded:
On the occasion of a solemn procession on October 29, 1702, in which the emperor also participated with his court, as a result of the overburden, the planks laid over the foundations collapsed and about 50 persons, mostly court cavaliers and page boys, plunged into the depths.
The completion of the church progressed very slowly. Even during construction, the wood of the dome was damaged, so this had to be replaced in 1722 by a dome cover, for which Emperor Charles VI as the supreme patron and member of the Brotherhood of the Holy Trinity, supplied the copper. For years, the facade was missing and the towers had no ending.
On May 17, 1733, the church was finally consecrated by the Cardinal Count Sigismund Kollonitsch.
Appearance
The outer image of St. Peter's is dominated by the 56-meter high, massive dome, which in its configuration reminds of the dome of St. Peter. It is a two-storey facade of stocky effect, whose slopingly placed towers flank the concave central part and which is surmounted by the dome of the central building. The building itself glorifies the reign of Emperor Leopold I, whose motto is emblazoned in the interior above the choir arch. The charming, pavilion-like portal porch made of gray marble was built according to a design by Andrea Altomonte only 1751-1753. Figurative decoration made of lead by Franz Kohl, a pupil and assistant of Georg Raphael Donner, decorates it. Right at the top are the statues Faith, Hope and Love, as well as angelic figures bearing tiaras and keys, the insignia of papal sovereignty. On the gable window at the front and the vases on the side reliefs: depictions from the life of Peter. The main portal shows rich carving and beautiful fittings; an inscription commemorates the imperial plague vow.
In the niches below the two slopingly placed towers that flank the front of the church are the following sandstone figures: St. Peter and St. Simon, St. John the Evangelist (according to Paul Harrer St. Paul) and Judas Thaddeus. At the back of the choir (outside wall of the church) are stone sculptures of St. Peter and St. Michael, executed by Lorenz Matitelli around 1730.
On the eastern side wall of the church, opposite the exit of the Goldschmied alley, a marble relief is embedded in the stone wall, depicting the legendary setting up of the cross at this place by Charlemagne. Created by Rudolf Weyr, it was unveiled in 1906.
Barockkirche
Als die Bruderschaft der heiligsten Dreifaltigkeit 1676 feierlich in die Peterskirche eingeführt wurde, erreichte sie bald einen hohen Mitgliederstand. Ein großer Teil der Mitglieder zählte zu den reichsten und angesehensten Bürgern von Wien. Auch der Adel war bis in die höchsten Spitzen vertreten. Die Bruderschaft verfügte daher über die entsprechenden Mittel und so fasste sie im Jahr 1700 den Entschluss, die alte Kirche niederzureißen und einen Neubau aufzuführen, dessen Form an die Peterskirche zu Rom erinnern sollte. Bereits ein Jahr zuvor, im Pestjahr 1679 gelobte Leopold I., anstelle der baufälligen Kirche einen der Heiligen Dreifaltigkeit gewidmeten Neubau zu errichten. Man ließ von Baumeister Jankel einen Kosten-Überschlag machen. Für den von ihm gezeichneten Bauriss erhielt er 50 Gulden.
Nach dem technischen Führer durch Wien (Ing. Martin Paul) werden die Erbauer in den Inschriften im Kuppelknauf angegeben: Francesco Martinelli, Franz Jänggl und Christian Oettl. Die Literaturangaben gehen jedoch hierüber weit auseinander. Nach dem Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler von Georg Dehio wurde der Bau nach dem Plan von Gabriele Montani 1702 begonnen, von diesem bis 1703 weitergeführt, sodann, wahrscheinlich von Johann Lukas Hildebrandt nach verändertem Plan 1708 im Rohbau vollendet und am 25. Oktober 1708 geweiht. 1708-1715 folgte die Innenausstattung, 1713-1717 wurde der Kuppelraum in seiner gegenwärtigen malerischen und plastischen Ausgestaltung vollendet, jedoch erst 1730-1733 baute man den Hauptchor. 1733 weihte Kardinal Kollonitsch die Peterskirche. Das Grabmal des Wolfgang Lazius, der in der alten Peterskirche 1565 bestattet worden war, wurde in die neue Peterskirche übertragen. Nach wie vor umgab der Petersfreithof die Kirche; er wurde erst unter Joseph II. aufgelassen. 1844 restaurierte man die Fassade, wobei auch die vielen an die Kirche angebauten Verkaufsbuden verschwanden, die nach der Auflassung des Friedhofs entstanden waren.
Die Geschichte von St. Peter im Barock
Als man 1701 die alte Kirche abtrug, will man bei dieser Gelegenheit den Grundstein der ersten Kirche gefunden haben, der "eine alten Paritkel von Papst Leo III.“, dem Freunde und Zeitgenossen Karls des Großen, enthielt.
Ein altes Gedenkbuch aus der Pfarre bemerkt, dass der Partikel noch 1749 vorhanden war, schreibt aber nichts über die Art desselben. Die Auffinder des merkwürdigen Grundsteines behaupteten, dass er im Jahr 800 gelegt worden sein müsse und an dieser Überzeugung hielt man fest, sodass danach die Inschrift des Grundsteines für die neue Kirche verfasst wurde, welche lautet:
"Ecclesia quae IX ultra saecula steterat, fundata supra firmam Petram prinzipis Apostolorum Petri Coeli Clavigeri Sacris honoribus a Carolo I. Caesare Magno anno post virginis partum DCCC extructe novis ex fundamentis D.O.M- uni in Trinitate Deo et S. Petri honoriter augusta surrexit. Lapidem in titulum cen alter Jacob restauravit Leopoldus uterque Felix.“
Die deutsche Übersetzung ist etwa wie folgt:
"Diese Kirche, die über neun Jahrhunderte stand, gegründet zu heiligen Ehren auf dem festen Felsen des Apostelfürsten Paulus, des Schlüsselträgers des Himmels, von Karl dem Großen Kaiser im Jahr 800, nachdem die Jungfrau gebar, ist dem allmächtigen Gott, der einig ist in der Dreiheit und dem heiligen Petrus zu Ehren prachtvoll wiedererstanden. Als zweiter Jakob hat den Grundstein gelegt Leopold der ebenso Große als Glückliche."
Diese Grundsteinlegung geschah in feierlicher Weise durch Kaiser Leopold I. am 30. Juni 1702 (laut Harrer; Czeike benennt den 22. April 1702).
Schon zur Zeit des Baubeginnes war ein Unfall zu verzeichnen:
Anlässlich einer feierlichen Prozession am 29. Oktober 1702, an der auch der Kaiser mit seinem Hofstaat teilnahm, stürzte infolge der Überlastung die über die Fundamente gelegten Bretter ein und etwa 50 Personen, meistens Hofkavaliere und Pagen stürzten in die Tiefe.
Die Vollendung der Kirche ging sehr langsam voran. Noch während des Baues wurde das Holz der Kuppel schadhaft, sodass dieses 1722 durch eine Kuppeldeckung ersetzt werden musste, wozu Kaiser Karl VI. als oberster Schutzherr und Mitglied der Bruderschaft der heiligen Dreifaltigkeit das Kupfer lieferte. Jahrelang fehlte die Fassade und die Türme hatten keinen Abschluss.
Am 17. Mai 1733 konnte die Kirche endlich durch den Kardinal Graf Sigismund Kollonitsch geweiht werden.
Äußeres
Das äußere Bild das die Peterskirche darbietet, wird beherrschend bestimmt durch die 56 Meter hohe, gewaltige Kuppel, die in ihrer Konfiguration an die Kuppel von St. Peter erinnert. Es handelt sich um eine zweigeschossige Fassade von gedrungener Wirkung, deren schräggestellte Türme den konkav einschwingenden Mittelteil flankieren und der von der Kuppel des Zentralbaus überragt wird. Der Bau selbst verherrlicht die Regierung des Kaisers Leopold I., dessen Wahlspruch im Innen über dem Chorbogen prangt. Der reizvolle, pavillonartige Portalvorbau aus grauem Marmor wurde nach einem Entwurfe von Andrea Altomonte erst 1751 bis 1753 errichtet. Figürlicher Schmuck aus Blei von Franz Kohl, einem Schüler und Gehilfen von Georg Raphael Donner, ziert ihn. Zu Oberst die Statuen Glaube, Hoffnung und Liebe, sowie Engelfiguren, welche Tiara und Schlüssel, die Insignien der päpstlichen Souveränität, tragen. Am Giebelfenster an der Vorderseite und den Vasen an der Seite Reliefs: Darstellungen aus dem Leben Petri. Das Hauptportal zeigt reiches Schnitzwerk und schöne Beschläge; eine Inschrift erinnert an das kaiserliche Pestgelübde.
In den Nischen unterhalb der beiden schiefgestellten Türme, welche die Vorderseite der Kirche flankieren, stehen folgende Sandsteinfiguren: St. Petrus und St. Simon, Johannes Evangelist (laut Paul Harrer St. Paulus) und Judas Thaddäus. An der Rückseite des Chores (Außenwand der Kirche) befinden sich Steinplastiken vom heiligen Petrus und vom Heiligen Michael, die von Lorenz Matitelli um 1730 ausgeführt wurden.
An der östlichen Seitenwand des Gotteshauses, gegenüber dem Ausgang der Goldschmiedgasse ist in die Steinmauer ein Marmorrelief eingelassen, das die sagenhafte Kreuzerrichtung an dieser Stelle durch Karl den Großen vergegenwärtigt. Von Rudolf Weyr geschafften, wurde es 1906 enthüllt.