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Have a life-long feeling of apprehension involving carnivals and fairs. It's one of many phobias in my adult life that are rooted in childhood. Some have a very distinct point of origin. The causation of others is more vague. And I'm convinced some are simply genetically programmed. I think carnivals fall into this category. They just make me uneasy in a visceral sense and I stopped questioning it long ago. I avoided carnivals for years, but started venturing back some time ago. It wasn't a sudden change of heart. It had much more to do with channeling mental dysfunction for creative purposes. I tend to shoot around the periphery of these venues, going largely unnoticed by the crowds. But curiosity eventually led to portraits of the carnies themselves. I could do so much to soften up these poses, but choose instead a straight on deadpan expression, with carnie in the center of their booth. It preserves an often gritty reality that is generally lost in the moment as the human eye tends to be distracted by the proliferation of colors and shapes within the booth. These encounters are sometimes uncomfortable or even frightening. But holding a camera provides me with a sense of agency that, trust me, would not otherwise exist under these circumstances. I just make it a point to get in and get out quickly. Spontaneity is key.
Loneliness is a complex and usually unpleasant emotional response to isolation. Loneliness typically includes anxious feelings about a lack of connection or communication with other beings, both in the present and extending into the future. As such, loneliness can be felt even when surrounded by other people and one who feels lonely, is lonely. The causes of loneliness are varied and include social, mental, emotional, and physical factors.
Research has shown that loneliness is prevalent throughout society, including people in marriages, relationships, families, veterans, and those with successful careers.[1] It has been a long explored theme in the literature of human beings since Classical antiquity. Loneliness has also been described as social pain—a psychological mechanism meant to motivate an individual to seek social connections.[2] Loneliness is often defined in terms of one's connectedness to others, or more specifically as "the unpleasant experience that occurs when a person's network of social relations is deficient in some important way".[3]
Contents
1Common causes
2Typology
2.1Feeling lonely vs. being socially isolated
2.2Transient vs. chronic loneliness
2.3Loneliness as a human condition
3Frequency
4Effects
4.1Mental health
4.2Physical health
4.3Physiological mechanisms link to poor health
5Treatments and prevention
6See also
7References
8External links
Common causes[edit]
People can experience loneliness for many reasons, and many life events may cause it, such as a lack of friendship relations during childhood and adolescence, or the physical absence of meaningful people around a person. At the same time, loneliness may be a symptom of another social or psychological problem, such as chronic depression.
Many people experience loneliness for the first time when they are left alone as infants. It is also a very common, though normally temporary, consequence of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important long-term relationship. In these cases, it may stem both from the loss of a specific person and from the withdrawal from social circles caused by the event or the associated sadness.
The loss of a significant person in one's life will typically initiate a grief response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the company of others. Loneliness may also occur after the birth of a child (often expressed in postpartum depression), after marriage, or following any other socially disruptive event, such as moving from one's home town into an unfamiliar community, leading to homesickness. Loneliness can occur within unstable marriages or other close relationships of a similar nature, in which feelings present may include anger or resentment, or in which the feeling of love cannot be given or received. Loneliness may represent a dysfunction of communication, and can also result from places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to interact with. Loneliness can also be seen as a social phenomenon, capable of spreading like a disease. When one person in a group begins to feel lonely, this feeling can spread to others, increasing everybody's risk for feelings of loneliness.[4] People can feel lonely even when they are surrounded by other people.[5]
A twin study found evidence that genetics account for approximately half of the measurable differences in loneliness among adults, which was similar to the heritability estimates found previously in children. These genes operate in a similar manner in males and females. The study found no common environmental contributions to adult loneliness.[6]
Typology[edit]
Feeling lonely vs. being socially isolated[edit]
There is a clear distinction between feeling lonely and being socially isolated (for example, a loner). In particular, one way of thinking about loneliness is as a discrepancy between one's necessary and achieved levels of social interaction,[1] while solitude is simply the lack of contact with people. Loneliness is therefore a subjective experience; if a person thinks they are lonely, then they are lonely. People can be lonely while in solitude, or in the middle of a crowd. What makes a person lonely is the fact that they need more social interaction or a certain type of social interaction that is not currently available. A person can be in the middle of a party and feel lonely due to not talking to enough people. Conversely, one can be alone and not feel lonely; even though there is no one around that person is not lonely because there is no desire for social interaction. There have also been suggestions that each person has their own optimal level of social interaction. If a person gets too little or too much social interaction, this could lead to feelings of loneliness or over-stimulation.[7]
Solitude can have positive effects on individuals. One study found that, although time spent alone tended to depress a person's mood and increase feelings of loneliness, it also helped to improve their cognitive state, such as improving concentration. Furthermore, once the alone time was over, people's moods tended to increase significantly.[8] Solitude is also associated with other positive growth experiences, religious experiences, and identity building such as solitary quests used in rites of passages for adolescents.[9]
Loneliness can also play an important role in the creative process. In some people, temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to notable artistic and creative expression, for example, as was the case with poets Emily Dickinson and Isabella di Morra, and numerous musicians[who?]. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity, rather, it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals engaged in creative activities.[citation needed]
Transient vs. chronic loneliness[edit]
The other important typology of loneliness focuses on the time perspective.[10] In this respect, loneliness can be viewed as either transient or chronic. It has also been referred to as state and trait loneliness.
Transient (state) loneliness is temporary in nature, caused by something in the environment, and is easily relieved. Chronic (trait) loneliness is more permanent, caused by the person, and is not easily relieved.[11] For example, when a person is sick and cannot socialize with friends would be a case of transient loneliness. Once the person got better it would be easy for them to alleviate their loneliness. A person who feels lonely regardless of if they are at a family gathering, with friends, or alone is experiencing chronic loneliness. It does not matter what goes on in the surrounding environment, the experience of loneliness is always there.
Loneliness as a human condition[edit]
The existentialist school of thought views loneliness as the essence of being human. Each human being comes into the world alone, travels through life as a separate person, and ultimately dies alone. Coping with this, accepting it, and learning how to direct our own lives with some degree of grace and satisfaction is the human condition.[12]
Some philosophers, such as Sartre, believe in an epistemic loneliness in which loneliness is a fundamental part of the human condition because of the paradox between people's consciousness desiring meaning in life and the isolation and nothingness of the universe.[13] Conversely, other existentialist thinkers argue that human beings might be said to actively engage each other and the universe as they communicate and create, and loneliness is merely the feeling of being cut off from this process.
In his recent text, Evidence of Being: The Black Gay Cultural Renaissance and the Politics of Violence, Darius Bost draws from Heather Love's theorization of loneliness[14] to delineate the ways in which loneliness structures black gay feeling and literary, cultural productions. Bost limns, “As a form of negative affect, loneliness shores up the alienation, isolation, and pathologization of black gay men during the 1980s and early 1990s. But loneliness is also a form of bodily desire, a yearning for an attachment to the social and for a future beyond the forces that create someone’s alienation and isolation."[15]
Frequency[edit]
There are several estimates and indicators of loneliness. It has been estimated that approximately 60 million people in the United States, or 20% of the total population, feel lonely.[2] Another study found that 12% of Americans have no one with whom to spend free time or to discuss important matters.[16] Other research suggests that this rate has been increasing over time. The General Social Survey found that between 1985 and 2004, the number of people the average American discusses important matters with decreased from three to two. Additionally, the number of Americans with no one to discuss important matters with tripled[17] (though this particular study may be flawed[18]). In the UK research by Age UK shows half a million people more than 60 years old spend each day alone without social interaction and almost half a million more see and speak to no one for 5 or 6 days a week.[19] On the other hand, the Community Life Survey, 2016 to 2017, by the UK's Office for National Statistics, found that young adults in England aged 16 to 24 reported feeling lonely more often than those in older age groups.[20]
Loneliness appears to have intensified in every society in the world as modernization occurs. A certain amount of this loneliness appears to be related to greater migration, smaller household sizes, a larger degree of media consumption (all of which have positive sides as well in the form of more opportunities, more choice in family size, and better access to information), all of which relates to social capital.
Within developed nations, loneliness has shown the largest increases among two groups: seniors[21][22] and people living in low-density suburbs.[23][24] Seniors living in suburban areas are particularly vulnerable, for as they lose the ability to drive, they often become "stranded" and find it difficult to maintain interpersonal relationships.[25]
Loneliness is prevalent in vulnerable groups in society. In New Zealand the fourteen surveyed groups with the highest prevalence of loneliness most/all of the time in descending order are: disabled, recent migrants, low income households, unemployed, single parents, rural (rest of South Island), seniors aged 75+, not in the labour force, youth aged 15–24, no qualifications, not housing owner-occupier, not in a family nucleus, Māori, and low personal income.[26]
Americans seem to report more loneliness than any other country, though this finding may simply be an effect of greater research volume. A 2006 study in the American Sociological Review found that Americans on average had only two close friends in which to confide, which was down from an average of three in 1985. The percentage of people who noted having no such confidant rose from 10% to almost 25%, and an additional 19% said they had only a single confidant, often their spouse, thus raising the risk of serious loneliness if the relationship ended.[27] The modern office environment has been demonstrated to give rise to loneliness. This can be especially prevalent in individuals prone to social isolation who can interpret the business focus of co-workers for a deliberate ignoring of needs.[28]
Whether a correlation exists between Internet usage and loneliness is a subject of controversy, with some findings showing that Internet users are lonelier[29] and others showing that lonely people who use the Internet to keep in touch with loved ones (especially seniors) report less loneliness, but that those trying to make friends online became lonelier.[30] On the other hand, studies in 2002 and 2010 found that "Internet use was found to decrease loneliness and depression significantly, while perceived social support and self-esteem increased significantly"[31] and that the Internet "has an enabling and empowering role in people's lives, by increasing their sense of freedom and control, which has a positive impact on well-being or happiness."[32] The one apparently unequivocal finding of correlation is that long driving commutes correlate with dramatically higher reported feelings of loneliness (as well as other negative health impacts).[33][34]
Effects[edit]
Mental health[edit]
Loneliness by Hans Thoma (National Museum in Warsaw)
Loneliness has been linked with depression, and is thus a risk factor for suicide.[35] Émile Durkheim has described loneliness, specifically the inability or unwillingness to live for others, i.e. for friendships or altruistic ideas, as the main reason for what he called egoistic suicide.[36][unreliable source?] In adults, loneliness is a major precipitant of depression and alcoholism.[37] People who are socially isolated may report poor sleep quality, and thus have diminished restorative processes.[38] Loneliness has also been linked with a schizoid character type in which one may see the world differently and experience social alienation, described as the self in exile.[39]
While the long term effects of extended periods of loneliness are little understood, it has been noted that people who are isolated or experience loneliness for a long period of time fall into a “ontological crisis” or “ontological insecurity,” where they are not sure if they or their surroundings exist, and if they do, exactly who or what they are, creating torment, suffering, and despair to the point of palpability within the thoughts of the person.[40][41]
In children, a lack of social connections is directly linked to several forms of antisocial and self-destructive behavior, most notably hostile and delinquent behavior. In both children and adults, loneliness often has a negative impact on learning and memory. Its disruption of sleep patterns can have a significant impact on the ability to function in everyday life.[35]
Research from a large-scale study published in the journal Psychological Medicine, showed that "lonely millennials are more likely to have mental health problems, be out of work and feel pessimistic about their ability to succeed in life than their peers who feel connected to others, regardless of gender or wealth.”[42][43]
In 2004, the United States Department of Justice published a study indicating that loneliness increases suicide rates profoundly among juveniles, with 62% of all suicides that occurred within juvenile facilities being among those who either were, at the time of the suicide, in solitary confinement or among those with a history of being housed thereof.[40]
Pain, depression, and fatigue function as a symptom cluster and thus may share common risk factors. Two longitudinal studies with different populations demonstrated that loneliness was a risk factor for the development of the pain, depression, and fatigue symptom cluster over time. These data also highlight the health risks of loneliness; pain, depression, and fatigue often accompany serious illness and place people at risk for poor health and mortality.[44]
Physical health[edit]
Chronic loneliness can be a serious, life-threatening health condition. It has been found to be associated with an increased risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease.[45] Loneliness shows an increased incidence of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and obesity.[46]
Loneliness is shown to increase the concentration of cortisol levels in the body.[46] Prolonged, high cortisol levels can cause anxiety, depression, digestive problems, heart disease, sleep problems, and weight gain.[47]
″Loneliness has been associated with impaired cellular immunity as reflected in lower natural killer (NK) cell activity and higher antibody titers to the Epstein Barr Virus and human herpes viruses".[46] Because of impaired cellular immunity, loneliness among young adults shows vaccines, like the flu vaccine, to be less effective.[46] Data from studies on loneliness and HIV positive men suggests loneliness increases disease progression.[46]
Physiological mechanisms link to poor health[edit]
There are a number of potential physiological mechanisms linking loneliness to poor health outcomes. In 2005, results from the American Framingham Heart Study demonstrated that lonely men had raised levels of Interleukin 6 (IL-6), a blood chemical linked to heart disease. A 2006 study conducted by the Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience at the University of Chicago found loneliness can add thirty points to a blood pressure reading for adults over the age of fifty. Another finding, from a survey conducted by John Cacioppo from the University of Chicago, is that doctors report providing better medical care to patients who have a strong network of family and friends than they do to patients who are alone. Cacioppo states that loneliness impairs cognition and willpower, alters DNA transcription in immune cells, and leads over time to high blood pressure.[2] Lonelier people are more likely to show evidence of viral reactivation than less lonely people.[48] Lonelier people also have stronger inflammatory responses to acute stress compared with less lonely people; inflammation is a well known risk factor for age-related diseases.[49]
When someone feels left out of a situation, they feel excluded and one possible side effect is for their body temperature to decrease. When people feel excluded blood vessels at the periphery of the body may narrow, preserving core body heat. This class protective mechanism is known as vasoconstriction.[50]
Treatments and prevention[edit]
There are many different ways used to treat loneliness, social isolation, and clinical depression. The first step that most doctors recommend to patients is therapy. Therapy is a common and effective way of treating loneliness and is often successful. Short-term therapy, the most common form for lonely or depressed patients, typically occurs over a period of ten to twenty weeks. During therapy, emphasis is put on understanding the cause of the problem, reversing the negative thoughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting from the problem, and exploring ways to help the patient feel connected. Some doctors also recommend group therapy as a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system.[51] Doctors also frequently prescribe anti-depressants to patients as a stand-alone treatment, or in conjunction with therapy. It may take several attempts before a suitable anti-depressant medication is found.[52]
Alternative approaches to treating depression are suggested by many doctors. These treatments include exercise, dieting, hypnosis, electro-shock therapy, acupuncture, and herbs, amongst others. Many patients find that participating in these activities fully or partially alleviates symptoms related to depression.[53]
Paro, a robot pet seal classified as a medical device by U.S. regulators
Another treatment for both loneliness and depression is pet therapy, or animal-assisted therapy, as it is more formally known. Studies and surveys, as well as anecdotal evidence provided by volunteer and community organizations, indicate that the presence of animal companions such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can ease feelings of depression and loneliness among some sufferers. Beyond the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunities for socializing with other pet owners. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention there are a number of other health benefits associated with pet ownership, including lowered blood pressure and decreased levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.[54]
Nostalgia has also been found to have a restorative effect, counteracting loneliness by increasing perceived social support.[55]
A 1989 study found that the social aspect of religion had a significant negative association with loneliness among elderly people. The effect was more consistent than the effect of social relationships with family and friends, and the subjective concept of religiosity had no significant effect on loneliness.[56]
One study compared the effectiveness of four interventions: improving social skills, enhancing social support, increasing opportunities for social interaction, addressing abnormal social cognition (faulty thoughts and patterns of thoughts). The results of the study indicated that all interventions were effective in reducing loneliness, possibly with the exception of social skill training. Results of the meta-analysis suggest that correcting maladaptive social cognition offers the best chance of reducing loneliness.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loneliness
Adam's Song" is a song recorded by the American rock band Blink-182 for its third studio album, Enema of the State (1999). It was released as the third and final single from Enema of the State on September 5, 2000 through MCA Records. "Adam's Song" shares writing credits between the band's guitarist Tom DeLonge and bassist Mark Hoppus, but Hoppus was the primary composer of the song. The track concerns suicide, depression and loneliness. It incorporates a piano in its bridge section, and was regarded as one of the most serious songs the band had written to that point.
Hoppus was inspired by the loneliness he experienced while on tour; while his bandmates had significant others to return home to, he was single. He was also influenced by a teen suicide letter he read in a magazine. The song takes the form of a suicide note, and contains lyrical allusions to the Nirvana song "Come as You Are". "Adam's Song" was one of the last songs to be written and recorded for Enema of the State, and it was nearly left off the album. Though Hoppus worried the subject matter was too depressing, his bandmates were receptive to its message. The song was produced by Jerry Finn.
"Adam's Song" peaked at number two on the US Billboard Hot Modern Rock Tracks chart; it was also a top 25 hit in Canada and Italy, but did not replicate its success on other charts. It received praise from music critics, who considered it a change of pace from the trio's more lighthearted singles. The single's music video, a hit on MTV, was directed by Liz Friedlander. Though the song was intended to inspire hope to those struggling with depression, it encountered controversy when a student of Columbine High School committed suicide with the track on repeat in 2000.
In this episode the Talkitects sit with one of the best tastemakers in the game. Mainly because he transformed himself into a chef. Hawaii Mike Salman is about as Hip-Hop as you can get. He has transformed himself from a journalist to a mass marketer to a cannabis advocate.
One of the Talkitects comes to the studio extra saucy but the crew manages to power thru the dysfunction. Can we get much higher? You tell us. Comment, rate and most importantly subscribe to the Talkitecture podcast
...........with the help of a gin Advent calendar.
Today the We're Here group members are visiting the
Christmas Dysfunction group.
Today's We're Here Challenge: Christmas Dysfunction
I ran some errands today & did some shopping, all while getting a lot of wonderful views of the snow in the mountains.
Thisslightly bizarre portrait is of a performer from a show called 'Dysfunction', which was at the 2006 Edinburgh Fringe. It was part of the American High School Theatre Festival.
David Bowie passed away yesterday.Music Supernatural FOLLOW SHOW finally used one of his songs for a scene, and it was golden. Like many of you here in the US,. He also appeared in his first major film, L'homme qui venait d'ailleurs (1976). With his different-colored eyes and skeletal frame, he certainly looked the part of an alien.
I woke up this morning to hear the sad news that rock icon David Bowie passed away yesterday. I was a huge fan, and in remembering all of the wonderful memories I have of him - seeing him in concert during the Sound and Vision tour and being blown away, riding on the same ferry with him from England to France in 1989, and listening to him and Nine Inch Nails perform live from my backyard because they were playing nearby at the outdoor ampitheater - the one that easily makes me smile the most is when "Supernatural" finally used one of his songs for a scene, and it was golden. This is one of my all time favorite "Supernatural" scenes, coming from season six's "Clap Your Hands If You Believe." I could NEVER listen to Space Oddity the same way after this:Thank you for posting this remembrance Alice. I fell in love with David Bowie when I was a high school student. I fell hard by listening to an older LP album. First his vocals, then I became enamored with everything else about him including his ambition, talent, spirit, intelligence, artistry, creativity, elegance, style, voice, self of humor, kindness, understanding, and generosity. He was a singer, songwriter, musician (played numerous instruments), producer, trendsetter, fashion icon, actor in at least 25 movies and appeared on Broadway in the Elephant Man along with creating his own characters and personas, an artist creating his own original artwork, and business man - had his own bank card company and internet provider company BowieNet. In interviews he often championed the cause of anyone seen as different which included an argument with MTV to include black artists and of course bisexuals and cross dressers or anyone with long hair. Through the decades he inspired and helped many musicians/ artists. He worked on his last album (No 1 in US) while ill and launched an off Broadway play. Only David Bowie can cross over to the next world with such quiet grace and dignity and at the same time spectacularly be on top of the world he left.
I think it was awesome and was thrilled to see Bowie's Space Oddity incorporated in a scene of my all time favorite show SPN and character, Dean Winchester. Jared's post was great; he acknowledged one of Bowie's great lyrics "Why can't we give love that one more chance. Why can't we give love give love....cause love dares you to care for the people on the edge of the night and love dares you to change our ways of caring about ourselves... this is our last dance... this is ourselves under pressure. (Under Pressure written with Queen in a one night jam session in Switzerland - lyrics credited to Bowie) I dare say these lyrics certainly applies to the central theme of our SPN and our brothers Sam and Dean. I hope David Bowie's journey to the other side allows him to fully see the good he has done while here and that his soul is filled with the worldwide expression of love and gratitude. His art, life, energy, and capacity for giving to others will always be an inspiration.
www.thewinchesterfamilybusiness.com/article-archives/news...
The 1960s were not a happy period for Bowie, who remained a struggling artist, awaiting his breakthrough. He dabbled in many different styles of music (without commercial success), and other art forms such as acting, mime, painting, and playwriting. He finally achieved his commercial breakthrough in 1969 with the song "Space Oddity," which was released at the time of the moon landing. Despite the fact that the literal meaning of the lyrics relates to an astronaut who is lost in space, this song was used by the BBC in their coverage of the moon landing, and this helped it become such a success. The album, which followed "Space Oddity," and the two, which followed (one of which included the song "The Man Who Sold The World," covered by Lulu and Nirvana) failed to produce another hit single, and Bowie's career appeared to be in decline. However, he made the first of many successful "comebacks" in 1972 with "Ziggy Stardust," a concept album about a space-age rock star. This album was followed by others in a similar vein, rock albums built around a central character and concerned with futuristic themes of Armageddon, gender dysfunction/confusion, as well as more contemporary themes such as the destructiveness of success and fame, and the dangers inherent in star worship. In the mid 1970s, Bowie was a heavy cocaine abuser and sometime heroin user. In 1975, he changed tack. Musically, he released "Young Americans," a soul (or plastic soul as he later referred to it) album. This produced his first number one hit in the US, "Fame." He also appeared in his first major film, L'homme qui venait d'ailleurs (1976). With his different-colored eyes and skeletal frame, he certainly looked the part of an alien. The following year, he released "Station to Station," containing some of the material he had written for the soundtrack to this film (which was not used). As his drug problem heightened, his behavior became more erratic. Reports of his insanity started to appear, and he continued to waste away physically. He fled back to Europe, finally settling in Berlin, where he changed musical direction again and recorded three of the most influential albums of all time, an electronic trilogy with Brian Eno "Low, Heroes and Lodger." Towards the end of the 1970s, he finally kicked his drug habit, and recorded the album many of his fans consider his best, the Japanese-influenced "Scary Monsters." Around this time, he played the Elephant Man on Broadway, to considerable acclaim.The next few years saw something of a drop-off in his musical output as his acting career flourished, culminating in his acclaimed performance in Furyo (1983). In 1983, he recorded "Let's Dance," an album which proved an unexpected massive commercial success, and produced his second number 1 hit single in the US. The tour which followed, "Serious Moonlight," was his most successful ever. Faced with this success on a massive scale, Bowie apparently attempted to "repeat the formula" in the next two albums, with less success (and to critical scorn). Finally, in the late 1980s, he turned his back on commercial success and his solo career, forming the hard rock band, Tin Machine, who had a deliberate limited appeal. By now, his acting career was in decline. After the comparative failure of Labyrinthe (1986), the movie industry appears to have decided that Bowie was not a sufficient name to be a lead actor in a major movie, and since that date, most of his roles have been cameos or glorified cameos. He himself also seems to have lost interest in movie acting. Tin Machine toured extensively and released two albums, with little critical or commercial success.Bowie has influenced the course of popular music several times and influenced several generations of musicians. His promotional videos in the 1970s and 80s are regarded as ground-breaking, and as a live concert act, he is regarded as the most theatrical of them all.
A big F@$% you goes out to those clowns in Congress this morning. Those moonbats in the Tea Party live to wage class warfare on the poor and middle class. God forbid people get affordable healthcare in this country!
No último final de semana fui numa feirinha de artesanato e antiguidades que tem todo mês perto da minha casa, e encontrei essa coroa de flores de margaridas por apenas 10 reais, o que foi ótimo pois eu já estava planejando fazer uma, mas a preguiça de comprar os materiais e fazer me dominava. rs
Violence against women
Violence against women and girls is a major health and human rights concern. Women can experience physical or mental abuse throughout their lifecycle, in infancy, childhood and/or adolescence, or during adulthood or older age. While violence has severe health consequences for the affected, it is a social problem that warrants an immediate coordinated response from multiple sectors.
The Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women (1993) defines violence against women as "any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or mental harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life."
This encompasses, inter alia, "physical, sexual and psychological violence occurring in the family and in the general community, including battering, sexual abuse of children, dowry-related violence, rape, female genital mutilation and other traditional practices harmful to women, non-spousal violence and violence related to exploitation, sexual harassment and intimidation at work, in educational institutions and elsewhere, trafficking in women, forced prostitution, and violence perpetrated or condoned by the state."
Is battering just a psychological problem?
No. The ultimate answer to why does he batter is: BECAUSE HE CAN. What that means is that the society has given him the idea that a woman is property, his home his castle. Behavior he knows he'd never get away with in the outside world, seems to be permitted at home.
(Some batterers are also aggressive outside the home - this is not a good sign but at least it makes this type of man more predictable. The inconsistency of many batterers' behavior at home vs. outside is more confusing for us to grasp.)
So we're saying that not all men are batterers, it takes special circumstances to motivate abusive personalities - but once formed, these men who might like to abuse many people get the message that there will be consequences for so doing everywhere EXCEPT with his woman. That's what is meant by he does it BECAUSE HE CAN.
Another way to put this is to say that it takes a combination of culture and family dysfunction to create an abusive personality.
(i) 1 in 2 women have a chance of being raped in their lifetime
(II) A woman is raped every 26 seconds in South Africa
(III) More than 40% of perpetrators are known to the rape survivor.
(IV) Less than 2% of reported rapes are false
(V) Most rapes occur within the rapists community
(VI) 1 in 4 women are in an abusive relationship
(VII) A woman is killed every 6 days by her intimate male partner in South Africa.
(VIII) Women are more likely to be attacked by someone they know than by a stranger
www.powa.co.za/Display.asp?ID=2
Integratore di Ginkgo Biloba
Il Ginkgo biloba è uno degli alberi più antichi del pianeta. Il Ginkgo è considerato un "fossile vivente", nel senso che ha continuato a sopravvivere anche dopo grandi eventi di estinzione.
Gli alberi di Ginkgo hanno proprietà molto particolari: sono in grado di crescere più di 130 piedi e possono vivere per più di mille anni. In realtà, in Cina ci sono alcuni esemplari che hanno più di 2500 anni.
Il suo estratto ha molte proprietà terapeutiche e contiene alti livelli di flavonoidi e terpenoidi, antiossidanti che assicurano una protezione contro lo stress ossidativo causato dai radicali liberi.
Negli ultimi anni, gli integratori di Ginkgo sono diventati sempre più popolari: attualmente sono tra i fitoterapici più venduti. L'estratto di Ginkgo biloba (GBE) viene raccolto dalle foglie verdi essiccate della pianta ed è disponibile come estratti liquidi, capsule, e compresse.
Le foglie secche della pianta possono essere utilizzate anche per fare il tè.
Il Ginkgo è stato utilizzato ed è ancora usato per una grande quantità di problemi di salute e di malattie. Le sue proprietà principali sono il suo utilizzo come antibatterico, antimicotico, antiossidante, antitosse, espettorante, astringente, stimolante circolatorio, ringiovanente e sedativo.
L'effetto più apprezzato del Ginkgo è quello sul sistema circolatorio. I flavonoidi del Ginkgo dilatano direttamente il più piccolo segmento del sistema circolatorio, i capillari, che aumentano i livelli di circolazione del sangue e di ossigeno nel corpo. Questo è uno dei motivi principali per cui è così efficace in alcuni disturbi. Il Ginkgo contiene anche componenti che inibiscono attività di fattore piastrinico (PAF), che è un costituente del nostro corpo. Lo stress fisico, e la cattiva alimentazione possono però stimolare maggiormente la produzione di PAF; in altre parole la coagulazione del sangue. Le piastrine diventano eccessivamente adesive causando la loro aggregazione. Il coagulo così formato può rimanere attaccato al vaso sanguigno o staccarsi e rimanere in circolo fintanto che non incontrano un vaso troppo stretto attraverso cui non può passare. La coagulazione del sangue può essere responsabile di una grande varietà di malattie devastanti.
Il Ginkgo agisce in modo simile all'aspirina riducendo la viscosità del sangue.
Qui di seguito ci sono diversi casi in cui il Ginkgo biloba è stato efficace in alcuni problemi di salute e malattie.
Il Ginkgo biloba è molto ricercato per le sue proprietà medicinali e la capacità di migliorare il funzionamento della mente.
Per capire il motivo per cui il Ginkgo è efficace nel trattamento di queste malattie, dobbiamo prima capire che cosa provoca la malattia. Pertanto, ogni malattia sarà seguita da una breve descrizione della causa e poi una spiegazione di come e perché il Ginkgo è efficace.
Il Ginkgo biloba è molto ricercato per le sue proprietà medicinali e la capacità di migliorare le capacità mentali. Nelle malattie degenerative legate all'età come l'Alzheimer, oltre a migliorare le attività mentali semplici è in grado di supportare la memoria a breve termine.
La malattia di Alzheimer
La malattia di Alzheimer è una malattia neurodegenerativa che si manifesta con un progressivo deterioramento mentale, perdita di memoria e declino delle funzioni cognitive, e l'incapacità di portare a termine le attività della vita quotidiana. Questi sintomi sono spesso indicati come demenza. Negli Stati Uniti, il 5% della popolazione di età superiore ai sessantacinque anni soffre di demenza grave, mentre un altro 10% della popolazione soffre di demenza da lieve a moderata. Anche se ci sono molti studi sulla causa dellla malattia di Alzheimer, ce ne sono principalmente due che sono trattabili con il Ginkgo: i danni causati dai radicali liberi e il danno ossidativo. Grazie alle sue proprietà antiossidanti il Ginkgo migliora la circolazione sanguigna e aumenta i livelli di ossigeno nei tessuti cerebrali. Questi antiossidanti fungono da scavenger e combattono i radicali liberi (sostanze chimiche altamente reattive che attaccano le molecole cruciali per la funzione delle cellule causando danni nel cervello e in altri tessuti). Questo risulta in una aumentata longevità cellulare e in una migliore stabilità della membrana. Inoltre, aumenta il metabolismo e regola i neurotrasmettitori che sono direttamente correlati alla funzione cerebrale. Altri effetti sono stati dimostrati in uno studio in doppio cieco con EEG (test utilizzato per rilevare e registrare l'attività elettrica generata dal cervello). Questo studio ha dimostrato che il Ginkgo aumenta le onde alfa (associate alla prontezza mentale) e diminuisce le onde theta (correlate alla mancanza di attenzione) negli anziani che mostravano segni di deterioramento mentale. Altri studi hanno dimostrato che l'estratto di Ginkgo non solo è in grado di aumentare la capacità funzionale del cervello, ma normalizza anche i recettori nell'ippocampo (la zona del cervello più colpita dalla malattia di Alzheimer) e aumenta la trasmissione colinergica, deficitaria nell'Alzheimer.
L'efficacia clinica dell'estratto di Ginkgo EGb 761 in caso di demenza come l'Alzheimer è stata confermata in uno studio pubblicato sulla rivista Pharmacopsychiatry (Kanowski S et al., Proof of efficacy of the ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761 in outpatients suffering from mild to moderate primary degenerative dementia of the Alzheimer type or multi-infarct dementia. Pharmacopsychiatry. 1996 Mar;29(2):47-56.)
-Un altro studio, pubblicato su JAMA, allo stesso modo ha scoperto che EGb 761 "era sicuro e sembra in grado di stabilizzare e, in un numero considerevole di casi, migliorare le prestazioni cognitive e la socializzazione dei pazienti affetti da demenza da 6 mesi a 1 anno.".
(Le Bars PL et al. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial of an extract of Ginkgo biloba for dementia. North American EGb Study Group, JAMA 1997 Oct 22-29;278(16):1327-32.)
Miglioramento cognitivo e della memoria
Dal momento che il Ginkgo aumenta il flusso di ossigeno al cervello, aumenta l'assorbimento e l'utilizzo di glucosio (stimolando il metabolismo del cervello e l'energia), è anche oggetto di ricerca per il suo ruolo nella senilità, nella perdita di memoria, mal di testa, e nel miglioramento delle prestazioni mentali.
Hindmarch (1988) ha riferito sugli effetti della somministrazione orale di un estratto standardizzato di Ginkgo biloba (GBE) sulla memoria a breve termine di giovani volontari sani di età 25-40 anni. In uno studio in doppio cieco cross-over, Hindmarch ha scoperto che, un'ora dopo una singola dose orale di 600 mg di GBE, parametri di memoria a breve-termine sono risultati significativamente migliorati rispetto ai controlli. Secondo Hindmarch, i test indicano una specifica attività sui processi cognitivi centrali e propone l'uso di GBE nei casi di deficit di memoria.
Il Ginkgo è spesso aggiunto a frullati di frutta e altri snack sani al fine di raggiungere risultati come migliorare le capacità cognitive e la memoria.
Malattia vascolare o claudicatio intermittens
Le malattie vascolari si riferiscono alle malattie dei vasi sanguigni al di fuori del cuore e del cervello. Ci si riferisce spesso ad un restringimento dei vasi che portano il sangue alle gambe, allo stomaco, alle braccia o ai reni. A causa del restringimento dei vasi il flusso di sangue alle gambe diminuisce e la malattia altera la capacità di camminare causando un forte dolore alle gambe.
La claudicazione intermittente è simile alla malattia vascolare in quanto anche essa è causata da insufficiente flusso di sangue (e quindi di apporto di ossigeno) ai muscoli delle gambe. Essa si verifica comunemente durante l'esercizio fisico o stando in piedi. I sintomi sono dolore alle gambe, crampi muscolari e zoppia. Il semplice compito di camminare diventa insopportabile per alcuni.
A causa delle stesse proprietà antiossidanti che aiutano con le funzioni cerebrali, il ginkgo sembra offrire la stessa protezione dai disturbi vascolari. Aumenta il flusso di sangue, aiuta l'ossigeno ad essere distribuito più efficacemente dai vasi sanguigni al tessuto muscolare. Aiuta a mantenere l'integrità e la permeabilità delle pareti cellulari inibendo la perossidazione lipidica (lipidi che si rompono e formano radicali liberi). Migliora anche il tono e il nutrimento dei vasi sanguigni.
Anche altri disturbi della circolazione possono essere trattati con Ginkgo quali emorroidi, vene varicose, problemi di circolazione causati da ictus o trauma cranico.
Depressione e ansia
Una mente efficiente è molto importante nel controllo dell'umore e nei livelli di serotonina. La serotonina è un neurotrasmettitore chimico del cervello che controlla le emozioni, il comportamento e il pensiero.
Il Ginkgo può contribuire ad alleviare i sintomi dell'ansia.
Uno studio, pubblicato sul Journal of Psychiatric Research, ha evidenziato che le persone con disturbo d'ansia generalizzato che hanno assunto l'estratto di Ginkgo hanno sperimentato un maggior sollievo dall'ansia rispetto ai soggetti trattati con placebo.
(Woelk H et al., Ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761 in generalized anxiety disorder and adjustment disorder with anxious mood: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Psychiatr Res. 2007 Sep;41(6):472-80. Epub 2006 Jun 30.)
Tinnitus
Negli Stati Uniti, si stima che 17 milioni di persone hanno o hanno avuto acufeni. L'acufene non è una malattia, si tratta di un sintomo di danni al sistema nervoso e di alcuni disturbi dei vasi sanguigni. Si crea la percezione di un suono, sibilo, o fischio nelle orecchie o nella testa quando nessun suono esterno è presente. Nel 1986, Christopher Hobbs ha dimostrato l'efficacia del Ginkgo come trattamento per gli acufeni. Il fischio è scomparso nel 35% dei pazienti testati, con un netto miglioramento in settanta giorni. Molti pazienti che assumono Ginkgo per l'acufene, sostengono che è poco costoso rispetto ad altri trattamenti disponibili e che ci sono pochi effetti collaterali.
Oftalmologia, glaucoma, cataratta e degenerazione maculare
L'assunzione regolare di ginkgo aiuta a migliorare la vista ed è in grado di proteggere gli occhi da una grave patologia oculare.
Il glaucoma è un termine usato per descrivere un gruppo di patologie oculari che coinvolgono di solito un aumento della pressione all'interno del bulbo oculare. Può essere correlato al danno del nervo ottico e della retina. Il glaucoma è solitamente una condizione che sopraggiunge con l'avanzare dell'età e può addirittura causare cecità.
Le cataratte sono definite come un appannamento o oscuramento della lente nell'occhio provocando visione sfocata, offuscata o distorta. È una condizione naturale negli anziani, ma può anche essere causato da sovraesposizione ai raggi ultravioletti.
La degenerazione maculare è un'anomalia di afflusso di sangue alla macula, cioè la parte dell'occhio sensibile alla luce. Come risultato, il deterioramento della macula avviene causando una perdita della visione centrale.
I flavonoidi contenuti nel Ginkgo aiutano a fluidificare il sangue: i globuli rossi possono muoversi con più facilità all'interno del torrente ematico e attraverso i sottili capillari, aumentando così l'apporto di sangue ai capillari retinici. Questo può rallentare il deterioramento della retina, che si traduce in un aumento di acuità visiva. Gli antiossidanti presenti nel ginkgo hanno anche una funzione di protezione per gli occhi.
Anti-impotenza
Questo è un altro malfunzionamento del corpo causato da insufficiente flusso di ossigeno nel sangue e aterosclerosi (indurimento e ostruzione delle arterie) del pene.
Ci sono stati diversi studi negli ultimi 15 anni per studiare gli effetti del Ginkgo su questo disturbo. Ad esempio, nel 1991, uno studio pubblicato sul Journal of Sex Education and Therapy ha valutato l'effetto dell'estratto di foglie di Ginkgo nel trattamento della disfunzione erettile in cinquanta pazienti. Gli uomini con diagnosi di impotenza erettile arteriosa hanno ricevuto 240 mg di estratto di foglie di ginkgo al giorno per un periodo di nove mesi. I pazienti sono stati divisi in due gruppi in base alla loro risposta alle terapie convenzionali. Nel primo gruppo di 20 pazienti erano state precedentemente sperimentate con successo terapie farmacologiche convenzionali. Il secondo gruppo (30 uomini) non aveva raggiunto l'erezione dopo le terapie convenzionali. In seguito al trattamento con l'estratto di foglie di ginkgo, tutti i pazienti del primo gruppo hanno riguadagnato piena, sufficiente, e spontanea erezione dopo sei mesi di trattamento. Il miglioramento è proseguito durante il periodo di trattamento di nove mesi. Nel secondo gruppo 19 su 30 pazienti hanno risposto positivamente al trattamento, mentre 11 sono rimasti impotenti. Nessun effetto collaterale è stati riportato nello studio. Questo era solo il secondo studio pubblicato sull'uso di estratti di foglie di ginkgo nel trattamento dell'impotenza. (Sohn, M. and Sikora, R. Ginkgo biloba extract in the therapy of erectile dysfunction. J. Se Educ. Ther. 17:53-61, 1991)
In un altro studio, esami ecografici di 60 uomini impotenti trattati con Ginkgo biloba hanno mostrato un miglioramento della circolazione sanguigna del pene dopo appena sei settimane. Dopo sei mesi, il 50% dei pazienti aveva riacquistato la potenza sessuale. Gli studiosi continuano a proporre il Ginkgo per il trattamento dell'impotenza con risultati soddisfacenti.
Migliora l'asma
L'asma è una malattia polmonare, che può provocare affanno e difficoltà di respirazione. Di solito è di origine allergica.
Il Ginkgo è stato utilizzato per trattare l'asma in Cina da molto tempo. Il Ginkgo inibisce l'attività degli eosinofili (un tipo di globuli bianchi attivi nella lotta contro i parassiti e le allergie); un'azione attribuita al Ginkgolide B. sembra alleviare gli spasmi delle vie respiratorie e dispnea associati a questa malattia polmonare. In uno studio condotto in Belgio, 6 su 10 bambini con asma severa hanno ottenuto sensibili miglioramenti entro i primi 3 o 4 giorni di assunzione di Ginkgo. Altri 3 in questo stesso gruppo hanno fatto enormi progressi, ma sono ancora necessarie altre terapie.
Il Ginkgo è raccomandato per il trattamento dell'asma, ma non nel caso di un attacco acuto.
Riduce il rischio di infarto o ictus
Un attacco di cuore è la morte del muscolo cardiaco a causa di mancato afflusso di sangue. Il mancato afflusso di sangue è di solito causato da blocco completo di un'arteria coronaria, che porta il sangue al cuore. Un attacco di cuore è spesso fatale.
Inibendo la formazione di coaguli di sangue causati dall'aggregazione dalle piastrine, e aumentando il flusso sanguigno e l'ossigenazione generale, il Ginkgo è una pianta ideale per la prevenzione e il trattamento di un attacco di cuore. Il Ginkgo non è consigliato per fermare un attacco cardiaco acuto, ma come trattamento preventivo.
Un ictus si verifica quando un'arteria nel cervello si blocca o quando si rompe vaso sanguigno, interrompendo il flusso di sangue in un'area del cervello. Quando si verifica un ictus, le cellule cerebrali nella zona circostante muoiono per il mancato apporto di ossigeno. Queste cellule cerebrali possono controllare funzioni differenti, come il movimento di un arto o il linguaggio. Quando queste cellule nervose si danneggiano, si perde la funzione che svolgevano.
Inibendo la formazione di coaguli di sangue dovuta all'aggregazione delle piastrine e aumentando il flusso sanguigno e l'ossigenazione generale, il Ginkgo è una pianta ideale per prevenire e curare infarto e ictus. Il Ginkgo non è consigliato per fermare un ictus, ma per prevenirne la comparsa.
Altre e nuove scoperte
Grazie all'utilizzo di Ginkgo biloba, recentemente sono state scoperte nuove funzioni. Altre malattie sono attualmente oggetto di studio con Ginkgo biloba: ad esempio la Vitilgo, una comune malattia auto-immune della pelle, la protezione dal danno cerebrale indotto dal telefono cellulare, azione anti-age, miglioramento dei comportamenti sociali, e prevenzione del rigetto di organi trapiantati.
Storia del Ginkgo biloba
Il Missouri Botanical Garden sostiene che il Ginkgo biloba è "l'unico membro ancora esistente di un gruppo di piante antiche che si ritiene abbiano abitato la terra, da 150 milioni di anni fa."
Introdotti molto presto nella storia umana, gli alberi sono stati originariamente coltivati come una medicina tradizionale.
Il Ginkgo biloba è stato utilizzato per le sue proprietà medicinali nella Cina antica. I cinesi hanno utilizzato il ginkgo per i suoi benefici effetti cognitivi e per alleviare i sintomi dell'asma.
Il Ginkgo biloba in Occidente
Engelbert Kaempfer fu il primo europeo a scoprire il Ginkgo, verso la fine del 1600. Nel 1771 Linneo finalmente da il nome all'albero di Ginkgo Biloba che si traduce in "pennacchio d'argento con due lobi."
Nel 1784 il Ginkgo è stato portato in America per il giardino di William Hamilton.
Interazioni farmacologiche del Ginkgo biloba
I pazienti con disturbi della circolazione sanguigna o individui in trattamento con anticoagulanti, come l'aspirina, sono a rischio di sperimentare effetti indesiderati dopo l'assunzione di ginkgo.
Inoltre, se si assumono antidepressivi si consiglia vivamente di non prendere il Ginkgo in quanto inibisce la monoamino ossidasi, riducendo l'efficacia dei farmaci (come gli inibitori della ricaptazione della serotonina e gli inibitori della monoamino ossidasi).
Possibili effetti collaterali del ginkgo biloba:
Nausea
Diarrea
Vertigini
Mal di testa
Mal di stomaco
Irrequietezza
Vomito.
Precauzioni d'uso del Ginkgo biloba
Le foglie di ginkgo contengono alchilfenoli a catena lunga, che sono altamente allergenici. Pertanto si consiglia alle persone che sono allergiche agli alchilfenoli e alle piante di edera di evitare completamente di assumere il ginkgo. www.b2s.pm/xih73T
The last few weeks for me with DD were horrible!
Terrible indigestion and severe pelvic dysfunction, I could barely walk and that makes the constant peeing even worse! I did notice though that the last week even though I was in pre-labour my spd totally disappeared and I slept much better just days before. you feel better before the day but dont worry if still feeling exhausted, its amazing how we find that last bit of energy..... You'll be fine
guys...how did you feel about your last days?
aysh....i forgot onething :D GOOD NIGHT EVERYONE <3 WISH ALL HAVE A SWEET DREAM :* LOVE ♥
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my facebook: www.facebook.com/sunshinehht
(Thảo thường thường ko accept những ai Thảo không quen, nếu mọi người quen Thảo hay Thảo có quen nhưng không nhớ thì mọi người để inbox cho Thảo nhé ♥ cảm ơn mọi người)
narrow sky
rare & unique photo from my mobile phone
(no photo effect or edit)
my cell sometimes produces very special, unique and rare photographs ... it does it on its own ... maybe by some dysfunction of it. Decolorizes the reception in a unique way almost black and white and gives some different colors to the ones it removes. The final picture is unique and rare. With no editing and no effects you can see these photos ... there is a limited photo watermark on my photos and my name because I'm interested in exhibiting the templates.
All rights are reserved. No material appearing in these links may be reproduced without permission.
Όλες οι φωτογραφίες είναι πνευματική ιδιοκτησία μου και έχω τα αποκλειστικά δικαιώματα ( copyright ).
Απαγορεύεται η οποιαδήποτε χρήση των φωτογραφιών μου από τρίτους χωρίς την άδεια μου.
2016/2017/2018
christina minopoulou: © melissalli
Ok, so I might be a little late, but still I wanted to wish everyone a happy (new) year. Today I finally got around to scanning all the developed film photos from December and parts of January. Not to mention that I also had a bunch of prints from summer waiting to be digitalized (and be shared eventually, one future day, like so many others reaching back years).
This particular photo was taken on New Years Day. The weather was beautiful and the temperature was mild, so we could really enjoy the New-Years-walk around the nearby lake that has become our annual "tradition" over the last three years. It was a nice start to the new year - we stumbled upon two empty playgrounds (a rare opportunity!) and took advantage of the situation to hop on a small zip-line, the see-saw, and the swings. It was great fun, and it was good to be able to walk around without any hurry or obligation for more than two hours. I took the photo above some time inbetween it all.
After the walk, my energy level dropped drastically again, and stayed on a very low level for about a week. I was diagnosed with a thyroid dysfunction in early December, which had started to develop and manifest itself throughout 2015, if not even earlier.
It's nothing too dramatic, many people have it and live "normal" lives, I guess. However, it takes some time for the medicine to actually kick in, and for the hormone levels to be balanced enough in order for the body to function as it should. I feel better now, but it still is weird, and the dosis of medication probably needs to be adjusted again and again. There are still days where I am completely exhausted physically, mentally, and emotionally, and where everything seems too overwhelming. It's ridiculous.
Anyway, this might explain why 2015 mostly felt exhausting to me. On the bright side, I managed to take my final exams, write a shitload of papers, and hand in my Master thesis a day before Christmas. I don't really know how I did it, what with the health problems and all, but it's done now. Which means that I'm starting afresh in 2016, looking for jobs or possibly a topic for a PhD thesis. There are so many plans and possibilities lingering in the air, and I'm excited to find out what will be next.
It has been a wish of mine to get into creative writing again, and finally get around to writing a whole story instead of just doing writing exercises and fragments. That is one of my motivations for this year. Also, I want to improve my photography. I don't feel I have a particular "style" yet. To me it seems like I'm forever stuck in this phase of trying out lots of subjects, cameras, etc without really getting anywhere. I don't know. Maybe 2016 will change that, too.
But now enough about me - what is going on with you people? Any particular plans for 2016? What are you looking forward to?
Oh, I'm on Instagram now, too (again), for fun. Flickr is and will remain my main photo site, though. Is anyone of you also on IG?
untold tales
rare & unique photo from my mobile phone
(no photo effect or edit)
my cell sometimes produces very special, unique and rare photographs ... it does it on its own ... maybe by some dysfunction of it. Decolorizes the reception in a unique way almost black and white and gives some different colors to the ones it removes. The final picture is unique and rare. With no editing and no effects you can see these photos ... there is a limited photo watermark on my photos and my name because I'm interested in exhibiting the templates.
All rights are reserved. No material appearing in these links may be reproduced without permission.
Όλες οι φωτογραφίες είναι πνευματική ιδιοκτησία μου και έχω τα αποκλειστικά δικαιώματα ( copyright ).
Απαγορεύεται η οποιαδήποτε χρήση των φωτογραφιών μου από τρίτους χωρίς την άδεια μου.
2015/2016/2017/2018
christina minopoulou: © melissalli
facebook.com/michmutters
Early self portraits with Decim8, Snapseed & Iris - original image taken with native cam
Elemental Series
Created using fundamental, natural elements. Water, natural elements and mineral samples are collected at the site of the picture - from the actual place depicted within the photograph. The depicted scene you see here is then created not just by exposing light on to the film but also by melding the organic samples with the film so the resulting image created more entirely from the scene itself.
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Location
Copenhagen, Denmark. Christiania Sea channel water, seethed Laesoe ground water mineral, local spring water.
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All Rights Reserved.
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See more at: photography.michaelrawling.com
Today's New Releases
You will probably never see a better example of adhd than today's releases
I have built everything from cake bed thrones, to slimy pumpkins, to feed troughs, a laundry machine, and fantasy mailboxes.
Everything is available inworld here
maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Ocean%20Bay/219/42/22
and will be added to marketplace as soon as the executive dysfunction finishes uninstalling lmao
The closest of friends, you could say as close as brothers; which certainly Magneto and Professor X have for each other. However, although there is love there and understanding there is tons of dysfunction and chaos between the two of them.
Who is right in what they stand for? Professor X or Magneto.
Professor X recruits and runs a school for gifted children and then trains them to protect a certain code which can result in death.
Magento is the leader of a Mutant group in-which all ages of mutants can be a part of. In protecting the rights of mutants and protecting them from harm that can result in death to his members.
What is left of a sign for Magic Hills Golf Course. If you assume the title is due to the location of the pole. Well, you are correct.
Magic Hills Golf Course, is a Public, 9 hole golf course located in Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas.
The Howard Johnson Company designed the Magic Hills golf course which opened in 1955. It closed in 2011. As such, the grounds are unkempt and overgrown.
Most commonly manifests as auditory hallucinations, paranoid or bizarre delusions, or disorganized speech and thinking, and it is accompanied by significant social or occupational dysfunction. Onset of symptoms typically occurs in young adulthood, with a global lifetime prevalence of around 1.5%. Diagnosis is based on the patient's self-reported experiences and observed behavior. No laboratory test for schizophrenia exists. Some recreational and prescription drugs appear to cause or worsen symptoms.
Following some complaints from my contacts, on yesterdays shot of the wicked witch shoe colour on the promotional sculpture in front of the Brisbane Town Hall, I had to get in touch with the Lord Mayor to advise him what a serious error of judgement had been made in permitting this outrageous display of artistic dysfunction.
He promised to fix it immediately so when I went back after having a coffee, the council had carefully corrected the shoe colour.
However, when pressed for how many males had complained, I had to admit there were none.
Cardamom
The health benefits of cardamom include gastrointestinal protection, cholesterol control, control of cancer, relief from cardiovascular issues, and the improvement of blood circulation in the body. It is useful for curing dental diseases and urinary tract infections such as cystitis, nephritis, and gonorrhea. Cardamom possesses aphrodisiac properties and is also used as a cure for impotency, erectile dysfunction, and premature ejaculation.
Cardamom is a spice that originated in India, Nepal, and Bhutan. Today, it is available in most tropical places in Asia, including India, China, Bhutan, Vietnam, Malaysia, Korea, and Japan. It is regarded as the Queen of Spices and is one of the most expensive spices, ranking third, the first and second being saffron and vanilla, respectively.
It is believed that cultivation of cardamom began in the tropical and humid climate of the Western Ghats in India. In botanical terms, it belongs to the family of Zingibercease and its scientific name is Elettaria cardamomum. There are two main types or subspecies of cardamom. Their scientific names are Elettaria, which is called green or true cardamom, and Amomum, which stands for black, white, or red cardamom.
The Spices Board of India recognizes three varieties of cardamom, which include the Malabar, Mysore and Vazhukka varieties. There is another variety of cardamom, named Njallani, which has become very popular along with the three normal varieties. This variety was developed by a small farmer named Sebastian Joseph from the Idukki district in Kerala.
It is found in the form of a small pod with black seeds inside. Both the seeds and the pod give a pleasant aroma and flavor. Therefore, they are used as flavoring agents in Indian cuisine. Its use is just not just limited to hot and spicy dishes; the seeds are also added to desserts and beverages to complement the sweet flavor. Cardamom tea is a very famous beverage, along with ginger tea, in India.
In India, cardamom was traditionally considered as an herb and was one of the ingredients in Ayurveda (the ancient Indian science of medicine and lifestyle) and traditional Chinese medicine. It was believed to be a remedy for teeth and gum infections, throat problems, congestion of the lungs, pulmonary tuberculosis, inflammation of the eyelids, gastrointestinal disorders, disintegrating kidney, and gall bladder stones, and was also used as an antidote for poisons and venoms.
Well, did it have to come down to threatening the full faith and credit of the United States? It has been incredibly disappointing to see our leadership in action or rather inaction. I think it's healthy to have meaningful debate, but unhealthy to resort to shut down tactics that have hurt our citizens. The irony is we spent money to keep facilities closed (paying for security to keep people out) and kept others from their livelihoods. The brinksmanship actions are akin to throwing a temper tantrum, but worse as it has caused measurable harm to our economy and created uncertainty. I hope we can get past the vitriol and get back to work. I'm tired of seeing these politicians dominate the news cycle.
Last night I had a wonderful dinner with some incredibly brilliant scientists doing some incredible work in the area of light field research (many photographers would have a keen interest in this), developing new materials for detecting chemicals, and developing new materials for advanced semiconductors.
On a side note I find it difficult to see DC in a positive light... I just want to go into Lightroom and turn this into a dark, foreboding shot. Is there a 'toxic' filter? Well, I've left it largely as i saw it the morning i took a walk around the Capitol.
mantis on antenna cable2
rare & unique photo from my mobile phone
(no photo effect or edit)
my cell sometimes produces very special, unique and rare photographs ... it does it on its own ... maybe by some dysfunction of it. Decolorizes the reception in a unique way almost black and white and gives some different colors to the ones it removes. The final picture is unique and rare. With no editing and no effects you can see these photos ... there is a limited photo watermark on my photos and my name because I'm interested in exhibiting the templates.
All rights are reserved. No material appearing in these links may be reproduced without permission.
Όλες οι φωτογραφίες είναι πνευματική ιδιοκτησία μου και έχω τα αποκλειστικά δικαιώματα ( copyright ).
Απαγορεύεται η οποιαδήποτε χρήση των φωτογραφιών μου από τρίτους χωρίς την άδεια μου.
2017/2018
christina minopoulou: © melissalli
“Up to now it has been assumed that all our cognition must conform to the objects; but ... let us once try… assuming that the objects must conform to our cognition.”
-Immanuel Kant, the 18th century German philosopher
An important code of object recognition is color. The grass is green, the rose is pink and the sky is blue. But then, is the sky really blue or is it a figment of our imagination? What if I told you, colors are colorful exercise of the mind and are defined by our experience of the world and the blue of the sky is a coat of surreal identity we all impose unknowingly on the sky to suit our cognition?
We sense colors though a set of cells in our retina, the cones. The number of cones varies widely among individuals. Yet, everyone can identify colors with more or less comparable efficiency. All of us will look at the sky and agree it is blue. This is because colors are recognized not by the cones but by our brain. And the brain is a crazy place, literally speaking. Think about colored sunglasses. Unless the viewer consciously remembers wearing them, people using these colored glasses tend to 'see' original colors of their surroundings after few minutes. In this case, the brain auto-corrects the color tint rendered by the glasses relying on previous experience. The midday sky, which turns pink or lavender in one of those Bono eye-wears, appears the usual blue after few minutes. You see, colors are not merely what we see. They are also what we have seen in the past. Despite the deformed perception of the sky in the present due to chromatic glasses, the brain remembers and makes the perceived sky conform to our regular cognition.
Our issue on hands gets more interesting with achromats. Achromatopsia is hereditary total colorblindness where achromats lack functional cones in their retina and do not sense any color and see everything in black, white and all imaginable shades of grey. Often, they describe things as ‘lighter than’ or ‘darker then’. How is the sky to them? Lighter than the rain clouds perhaps? Perhaps, darker than breaking waves? So, are these achromatic brains conforming to objects or are objects conforming to the brain in every possible shade in between white and black? The answer may rest with patients suffering from 'Cerebral Achromatopsia', where accidental dysfunction of the brain region responsible for 'creating' colors leads to a loss of color perception despite functional cones. To these unfortunate colorless minds, who were once coded in color but now fail to use the code, the sky might as well be a lump of incongruous jelly hanging up there.
As these mindless thoughts crowded my mind that afternoon at Point Reyes, I could not help but marveled at the sublime surrounding me. Sublime, as defined in psychology, is the ‘feeling of pleasure (or displeasure) in the superiority of our reason over nature’. Being a feeling, sublime is not contained in the nature; like the colors that surround us, it is contained in our mind. You see… Out there, the sky is beautiful; in my mind, it is blue and it is sublime.
WARM UP for COPENHAGEN ULTRACONTEMPORARY BIENNALE
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The COPENHAGEN ULTRACONTEMPORARY BIENNALE will be done in 3 platforms
the parliament is platform 2
Artist have to express closer to decision makers . in time , in the NOW
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a presentation of COPENHAGEN ULTRACONTEMPORARY BIENNALE will be done at the Venice Biennale 2015 ---
check date and place here www.facebook.com/CopenhagenBiennale
COPENHAGEN ULTRACONTEMPORARY BIENNALE
main : copenhagenbiennale.org/
www.facebook.com/CopenhagenBiennale
www.emergencyrooms.org/formats.html
meanwhile during Venice Biennale contemporary art will be shown by
ABBOUD, Jumana Emil .ABDESSEMED, Adel .ABONNENC, Mathieu Kleyebe
ABOUNADDARA.ACHOUR, Boris ADKINS, Terry AFIF, Saâdane
AKERMAN, Chantal AKOMFRAH, John AKPOKIERE, Karo
AL SOLH, Mounira ALGÜN RINGBORG, Meriç ALLORA, Jennifer & CALZADILLA, Guillermo
ATAMAN, Kutlug BAJEVIC, Maja BALLESTEROS, Ernesto
BALOJI, Sammy BARBA, Rosa
BASELITZ, Georg BASUALDO, Eduardo BAUER, Petra
BESHTY, Walead BHABHA, Huma BOLTANSKI, Christian
BONVICINI, Monica BOYCE, Sonia
BOYD, Daniel BREY, Ricardo BROODTHAERS, Marcel BRUGUERA, Tania
BURGA, Teresa CALHOUN, Keith & McCORMICK, Chandra CAO, Fei
CHAMEKH, Nidhal CHERNYSHEVA, Olga CHUNG, Tiffany
COOPERATIVA CRÁTER INVERTIDO CREATIVE TIME SUMMIT
DAMIANI, Elena DELLER, Jeremy DJORDAJDZE, Thea DUMAS, Marlene
E-FLUX JOURNAL EDWARDS, Melvin EFFLATOUN, Inji EHMANN, Antje & FAROCKI, Harun
EICHHORN, Maria EVANS, Walker FAROCKI, Harun FLOYD, Emily
FRIEDL, Peter FUSCO, Coco FUSINATO, Marco
GAINES, Charles GALLAGHER, Ellen GALLARDO, Ana GARCIA, Dora
GATES, Theaster GENZKEN, Isa GLUKLYA GOMES, Sônia GROSSE, Katharina
GULF LABOR GURSKY, Andreas HAACKE, Hans
HADJITHOMAS, Joana & JOREIGE, Khalil HARRY, Newell HASSAN, Kay
HIRSCHHORN, Thomas HÖLLER, Carsten HOLT, Nancy & SMITHSON, Robert
IM, Heung Soon INVISIBLE BORDERS: Trans-African Photographers ISHIDA, Tetsuya
JI, Dachun JULIEN, Isaac K., Hiwa KAMBALU, Samson KIM, Ayoung
KLUGE, Alexander KNGWARREYE, Emily Kame LAGOMARSINO, Runo LEBER, Sonia & CHESWORTH, David
LIGON, Glenn MABUNDA, Gonçalo MADHUSUDHANAN MAHAMA, Ibrahim
MALJKOVIC, David MAN, Victor MANSARAY, Abu Bakarr MARKER, Chris
MARSHALL, Kerry James MARTEN, Helen MAURI, Fabio McQUEEN, Steve
MOHAIEMEN, Naeem MORAN, Jason MÜLLER, Ivana MUNROE, Lavar MURILLO, Oscar
MUTU, Wangechi NAM, Hwayeon NAUMAN, Bruce NDIAYE, Cheikh NICOLAI, Olaf
OFILI, Chris OGBOH, Emeka PARRENO, Philippe PASCALI, Pino PIPER, Adrian
PONIFASIO, Lemi QIU, Zhijie RAISSNIA, Raha RAQS MEDIA COLLECTIVE
(NARULA, Monica; BAGCHI, Jeebesh; SENGUPTA, Shuddhabrata) REYNAUD-DEWAR, Lili
RIDNYI, Mykola ROBERTS, Liisa ROTTENBERG, Mika SCHÖNFELDT, Joachim SELMANI, Massinissa
SENGHOR, Fatou Kand SHETTY, Prasad & GUPTE, Rupal SIBONY, Gedi
SIMMONS, Gary SIMON, Taryn SIMPSON, Lorna SMITHSON, Robert SUBOTZKY, Mikhael
SUHAIL, Mariam SZE, Sarah THE PROPELLER GROUPthe TOMORROW
TIRAVANIJA, Rirkrit TOGUO, Barthélémy XU, Bing YOUNIS, Ala
ALBANIA
Albanian Trilogy: A Series of Devious Stratagems
Armando Lulaj
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marco Scotini. Deputy Curator: Andris Brinkmanis. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale
ANDORRA
Inner Landscapes
Roqué, Joan Xandri
Commissioner: Henry Périer. Deputy Commissioner: Joana Baygual, Sebastià Petit, Francesc Rodríguez
Curator: Paolo de Grandis, Josep M. Ubach. Venue: Spiazzi, Castello 3865
ANGOLA
On Ways of Travelling
António Ole, Binelde Hyrcan, Délio Jasse, Francisco Vidal, Nelo Teixeira
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Rita Guedes Tavares. Curator: António Ole. Deputy Curator: Antonia Gaeta. Venue: Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello - Palazzo Pisani, San Marco 2810
ARGENTINA
The Uprising of Form
Juan Carlos Diste´fano
Commissioner: Magdalena Faillace. Curator: Mari´a Teresa Constantin. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
ARMENIA, Republic of
Armenity / Haiyutioun
Haig Aivazian, Lebanon; Nigol Bezjian, Syria/USA; Anna Boghiguian Egypt/Canada; Hera Büyüktasçiyan, Turkey; Silvina Der-Meguerditchian, Argentina/Germany; Rene Gabri & Ayreen Anastas, Iran/Palestine/USA; Mekhitar Garabedian, Belgium; Aikaterini Gegisian, Greece; Yervant Gianikian & Angela Ricci Lucchi, Italy; Aram Jibilian, USA; Nina Katchadourian, USA/Finland; Melik Ohanian, France; Mikayel Ohanjanyan, Armenia/Italy; Rosana Palazyan, Brazil; Sarkis, Turkey/France; Hrair Sarkissian, Syria/UK
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Armenia. Deputy Commissioner: Art for the World, Mekhitarist Congregation of San Lazzaro Island, Embassy of the Republic of Armenia in Italy, Vartan Karapetian. Curator: Adelina Cüberyan von Fürstenberg. Venue: Monastery and Island of San Lazzaro degli Armeni
AUSTRALIA
Fiona Hall: Wrong Way Time
Fiona Hall
Commissioner: Simon Mordant AM. Deputy Commissioner: Charles Green. Curator: Linda Michael. Scientific Committee: Simon Mordant AM, Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev, Max Delany, Rachel Kent, Danie Mellor, Suhanya Raffel, Leigh Robb. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
AUSTRIA
Heimo Zobernig
Commissioner: Yilmaz Dziewior. Curator: Yilmaz Dziewior. Scientific Committee: Friends of the Venice Biennale. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
AZERBAIJAN, Republic of
Beyond the Line
Ashraf Murad, Javad Mirjavadov, Tofik Javadov, Rasim Babayev, Fazil Najafov, Huseyn Hagverdi, Shamil Najafzada
Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: de Pury de Pury, Emin Mammadov. Venue: Palazzo Lezze, Campo S.Stefano, San Marco 2949
Vita Vitale
Edward Burtynsky, Mircea Cantor, Loris Cecchini, Gordon Cheung, Khalil Chishtee, Tony Cragg, Laura Ford, Noemie Goudal, Siobhán Hapaska, Paul Huxley, IDEA laboratory and Leyla Aliyeva, Chris Jordan with Rebecca Clark and Helena S.Eitel, Tania Kovats, Aida Mahmudova, Sayyora Muin, Jacco Olivier, Julian Opie, Julian Perry, Mike Perry, Bas Princen, Stephanie Quayle, Ugo Rondinone, Graham Stevens, Diana Thater, Andy Warhol, Bill Woodrow, Erwin Wurm, Rose Wylie
Commissioner: Heydar Aliyev Foundation. Curators: Artwise: Susie Allen, Laura Culpan, Dea Vanagan. Venue: Ca’ Garzoni, San Marco 3416
BELARUS, Republic of
War Witness Archive
Konstantin Selikhanov
Commissioner: Natallia Sharanhovich. Deputy Commissioners: Alena Vasileuskaya, Kamilia Yanushkevich. Curators: Aleksei Shinkarenko, Olga Rybchinskaya. Scientific Committee: Dmitry Korol, Daria Amelkovich, Julia Kondratyuk, Sergei Jeihala, Sheena Macfarlane, Yuliya Heisik, Hanna Samarskaya, Taras Kaliahin, Aliaksandr Stasevich. Venue: Riva San Biagio, Castello 2145
BELGIUM
Personnes et les autres
Vincent Meessen and Guests, Mathieu K. Abonnenc, Sammy Baloji, James Beckett, Elisabetta Benassi, Patrick Bernier & Olive Martin, Tamar Guimara~es & Kasper Akhøj, Maryam Jafri, Adam Pendleton
Commissioner: Wallonia-Brussels Federation and Wallonia-Brussels International. Curator: Katerina Gregos. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
COSTA RICA
"Costa Rica, Paese di pace, invita a un linguaggio universale d'intesa tra i popoli".
Andrea Prandi, Beatrice Gallori, Beth Parin, Biagio Schembari, Carla Castaldo, Celestina Avanzini, Cesare Berlingeri, Erminio Tansini, Fabio Capitanio, Fausto Beretti, Giovan Battista Pedrazzini, Giovanni Lamberti, Giovanni Tenga, Iana Zanoskar, Jim Prescott, Leonardo Beccegato, Liliana Scocco, Lucia Bolzano, Marcela Vicuna, Marco Bellagamba, Marco Lodola, Maria Gioia dell’Aglio, Mario Bernardinello, Massimo Meucci, Nacha Piattini, Omar Ronda, Renzo Eusebi, Tita Patti, Romina Power, Rubens Fogacci, Silvio di Pietro, Stefano Sichel, Tino Stefanoni, Ufemia Ritz, Ugo Borlenghi, Umberto Mariani, Venere Chillemi, Jacqueline Gallicot Madar, Massimo Onnis, Fedora Spinelli
Commissioner: Ileana Ordonez Chacon. Curator: Gregorio Rossi. Venue: Palazzo Bollani
CROATIA
Studies on Shivering: The Third Degree
Damir Ocko
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Marc Bembekoff. Venue: Palazzo Pisani, S. Marina
CUBA
El artista entre la individualidad y el contexto
Lida Abdul, Celia-Yunior, Grethell Rasúa, Giuseppe Stampone, LinYilin, Luis Edgardo Gómez Armenteros, Olga Chernysheva, Susana Pilar Delahante Matienzo
Commissioner: Miria Vicini. Curators: Jorge Fernández Torres, Giacomo Zaza. Venue: San Servolo Island
CYPRUS, Republic of
Two Days After Forever
Christodoulos Panayiotou
Commissioner: Louli Michaelidou. Deputy Commissioner: Angela Skordi. Curator: Omar Kholeif. Deputy Curator: Daniella Rose King. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, Sestiere San Marco 3079
CZECH Republic and SLOVAK Republic
Apotheosis
Jirí David
Commissioner: Adam Budak. Deputy Commissioner: Barbara Holomkova. Curator: Katarina Rusnakova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
ECUADOR
Gold Water: Apocalyptic Black Mirrors
Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla in collaboration with Lucia Vallarino Peet
Commissioner: Andrea Gonzàlez Sanchez. Deputy Commissioner: PDG Arte Communications. Curator: Ileana Cornea. Deputy Curator: Maria Veronica Leon Veintemilla. Venue: Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello 3701
ESTONIA
NSFW. From the Abyss of History
Jaanus Samma
Commissioner: Maria Arusoo. Curator: Eugenio Viola. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero, campo San Samuele, San Marco 3199
EGYPT
CAN YOU SEE
Ahmed Abdel Fatah, Gamal Elkheshen, Maher Dawoud
Commissioner: Hany Al Ashkar. Curator: Ministry of Culture. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
FINLAND (Pavilion Alvar Aalto)
Hours, Years, Aeons
IC-98
Commissioner: Frame Visual Art Finland, Raija Koli. Curator: Taru Elfving. Deputy Curator: Anna Virtanen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
FRANCE
revolutions
Céleste Boursier-Mougenot
Commissioner: Institut français, with Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication. Curator: Emma Lavigne. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
GEORGIA
Crawling Border
Rusudan Gobejishvili Khizanishvili, Irakli Bluishvili, Dimitri Chikvaidze, Joseph Sabia
Commissioner: Ana Riaboshenko. Curator: Nia Mgaloblishvili. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
GERMANY
Fabrik
Jasmina Metwaly / Philip Rizk, Olaf Nicolai, Hito Steyerl, Tobias Zielony
Commissioner: ifa (Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen) on behalf of the Federal Foreign Office. Deputy Commissioner: Elke aus dem Moore, Nina Hülsmeier. Curator: Florian Ebner. Deputy Curator: Tanja Milewsky, Ilina Koralova. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
GREAT BRITAIN
Sarah Lucas
Commissioner: Emma Dexter. Curator: Richard Riley. Deputy Curator: Katrina Schwarz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
GRENADA *
Present Nearness
Oliver Benoit, Maria McClafferty, Asher Mains, Francesco Bosso and Carmine Ciccarini, Guiseppe Linardi
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: Susan Mains. Curator: Susan Mains. Deputy Curator: Francesco Elisei. Venue: Opera don Orione Artigianelli, Sala Tiziano, Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Gesuati, Dorsoduro 919
GREECE
Why Look at Animals? AGRIMIKÁ.
Maria Papadimitriou
Commissioner: Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Education and Religious Affairs. Curator: Gabi Scardi. Deputy Curator: Alexios Papazacharias. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
BRAZIL
So much that it doesn't fit here
Antonio Manuel, André Komatsu, Berna Reale
Commissioner: Luis Terepins. Curator: Luiz Camillo Osorio. Deputy Curator: Cauê Alves. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
CANADA
Canadassimo
BGL
Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Marc Mayer. Deputy Commissioner: National Gallery of Canada, Yves Théoret. Curator: Marie Fraser. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
CHILE
Poéticas de la disidencia | Poetics of dissent: Paz Errázuriz - Lotty Rosenfeld
Paz Errázuriz, Lotty Rosenfeld
Commissioner: Antonio Arèvalo. Deputy Commissioner: Juan Pablo Vergara Undurraga. Curator: Nelly Richard. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie
CHINA, People’s Republic of
Other Future
LIU Jiakun, LU Yang, TAN Dun, WEN Hui/Living Dance Studio, WU Wenguang/Caochangdi Work Station
Commissioner: China Arts and Entertainment Group, CAEG. Deputy Commissioners: Zhang Yu, Yan Dong. Curator: Beijing Contemporary Art Foundation. Scientific Committee: Fan Di’an, Zhang Zikang, Zhu Di, Gao Shiming, Zhu Qingsheng, Pu Tong, Shang Hui. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Giardino delle Vergini
GUATEMALA
Sweet Death
Emma Anticoli Borza, Sabrina Bertolelli, Mariadolores Castellanos, Max Leiva, Pier Domenico Magri, Adriana Montalto, Elmar Rojas (Elmar René Rojas Azurdia), Paolo Schmidlin, Mónica Serra, Elsie Wunderlich, Collettivo La Grande Bouffe
Commissioner: Daniele Radini Tedeschi. Curators: Stefania Pieralice, Carlo Marraffa, Elsie Wunderlich. Deputy Curators: Luciano Carini, Simone Pieralice. Venue: Officina delle Zattere, Dorsoduro 947, Fondamenta Nani
HOLY SEE
Commissioner: Em.mo Card. Gianfranco Ravasi, Presidente del Pontificio Consiglio della Cultura. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
HUNGARY
Sustainable Identities
Szilárd Cseke
Commissioner: Monika Balatoni. Deputy Commissioner: István Puskás, Sándor Fodor, Anna Karády. Curator: Kinga German. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
ICELAND
Christoph Büchel
Commissioner: Björg Stefánsdóttir. Curator: Nína Magnúsdóttir. Venue: to be confirmed
INDONESIA, Republic of
Komodo Voyage
Heri Dono
Commissioner: Sapta Nirwandar. Deputy Commissioner: Soedarmadji JH Damais. Curator: Carla Bianpoen, Restu Imansari Kusumaningrum. Scientific Committee: Franco Laera, Asmudjo Jono Irianto, Watie Moerany, Elisabetta di Mambro. Venue: Venue: Arsenale
IRAN
Iranian Highlights
Samira Alikhanzaradeh, Mahmoud Bakhshi Moakhar, Jamshid Bayrami, Mohammed Ehsai
The Great Game
Lida Abdul, Bani Abidi, Adel Abidin, Amin Agheai, Ghodratollah Agheli, Shahriar Ahmadi, Parastou Ahovan, Farhad Ahrarnia, Rashad Alakbarov, Nazgol Ansarinia, Reza Aramesh, Alireza Astaneh, Sonia Balassanian, Mahmoud Bakhshi, Moakhar Wafaa Bilal, Mehdi Farhadian, Monir Farmanfarmaian, Shadi Ghadirian, Babak Golkar, Shilpa Gupta, Ghasem Hajizadeh, Shamsia Hassani, Sahand Hesamiyan, Sitara Ibrahimova, Pouran Jinchi, Amar Kanwar, Babak Kazemi, Ryas Komu, Ahmad Morshedloo, Farhad Moshiri, Mehrdad Mohebali, Huma Mulji, Azad Nanakeli, Jamal Penjweny, Imran Qureshi, Sara Rahbar, Rashid Rana, T.V. Santhosh, Walid Siti, Mohsen Taasha Wahidi, Mitra Tabrizian, Parviz Tanavoli, Newsha Tavakolian, Sadegh Tirafkan, Hema Upadhyay, Saira Wasim
Commissioner: Majid Mollanooruzi. Deputy Commissioners: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Curators: Marco Meneguzzo, Mazdak Faiznia. Venue: Calle San Giovanni 1074/B, Cannaregio
IRAQ
Commissioner: Ruya Foundation for Contemporary Culture in Iraq (RUYA). Deputy Commissioner: Nuova Icona - Associazione Culturale per le Arti. Curator: Philippe Van Cauteren. Venue: Ca' Dandolo, San Polo 2879
IRELAND
Adventure: Capital
Sean Lynch
Commissioner: Mike Fitzpatrick. Curator: Woodrow Kernohan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie
ISRAEL
Tsibi Geva | Archeology of the Present
Tsibi Geva
Commissioner: Arad Turgem, Michael Gov. Curator: Hadas Maor. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
ITALY
Ministero dei Beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo - Direzione Generale Arte e Architettura Contemporanee e Periferie Urbane. Commissioner: Federica Galloni. Curator: Vincenzo Trione. Venue: Padiglione Italia, Tese delle Vergini at Arsenale
JAPAN
The Key in the Hand
Chiharu Shiota
Commissioner: The Japan Foundation. Deputy Commissioner: Yukihiro Ohira, Manako Kawata and Haruka Nakajima. Curator: Hitoshi Nakano. Venue : Pavilion at Giardini
KENYA
Creating Identities
Yvonne Apiyo Braendle-Amolo, Qin Feng, Shi Jinsong, Armando Tanzini, Li Zhanyang, Lan Zheng Hui, Li Gang, Double Fly Art Center
Commissioner: Paola Poponi. Curator: Sandro Orlandi Stagl. Deputy Curator: Ding Xuefeng. Venue: San Servolo Island
KOREA, Republic of
The Ways of Folding Space & Flying
MOON Kyungwon & JEON Joonho
Commissioner: Sook-Kyung Lee. Curator: Sook-Kyung Lee. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
KOSOVO, Republic of
Speculating on the blue
Flaka Haliti
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports. Curator: Nicolaus Schafhausen. Deputy Curator: Katharina Schendl. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie
LATVIA
Armpit
Katrina Neiburga, Andris Eglitis
Commissioner: Solvita Krese (Latvian Centre for Contemporary Art). Deputy Commissioner: Kitija Vasiljeva. Curator: Kaspars Vanags. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale
LITHUANIA
Museum
Dainius Liškevicius
Commissioner: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Deputy Commissioner: Rasa Antanaviciute. Curator: Vytautas Michelkevicius. Venue: Palazzo Zenobio, Fondamenta del Soccorso 2569, Dorsoduro
LUXEMBOURG, Grand Duchy of
Paradiso Lussemburgo
Filip Markiewicz
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Deputy Commissioner: MUDAM Luxembourg. Curator: Paul Ardenne. Venue: Cà Del Duca, Corte del Duca Sforza, San Marco 3052
MACEDONIA, Former Yugoslavian Republic of
We are all in this alone
Hristina Ivanoska and Yane Calovski
Commissioner: Maja Nedelkoska Brzanova, National Gallery of Macedonia. Deputy Commissioner: Olivija Stoilkova. Curator: Basak Senova. Deputy Curator: Maja Cankulovska Mihajlovska. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Sale d’Armi
MAURITIUS *
From One Citizen You Gather an Idea
Sultana Haukim, Nirmal Hurry, Alix Le Juge, Olga Jürgenson, Helge Leiberg, Krishna Luchoomun, Neermala Luckeenarain, Kavinash Thomoo, Bik Van Der Pol, Laure Prouvost, Vitaly Pushnitsky, Römer + Römer
Commissioner: pARTage. Curators: Alfredo Cramerotti, Olga Jürgenson. Venue: Palazzo Flangini - Canareggio 252
MEXICO
Possesing Nature
Tania Candiani, Luis Felipe Ortega
Commissioner: Tomaso Radaelli. Deputy Commissioner: Magdalena Zavala Bonachea. Curator: Karla Jasso. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
MONGOLIA *
Other Home
Enkhbold Togmidshiirev, Unen Enkh
Commissioner: Gantuya Badamgarav, MCASA. Curator: Uranchimeg Tsultemin. Scientific Committee: David A Ross, Boldbaatar Chultemin. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora
MONTENEGRO
,,Ti ricordi Sjecaš li se You Remember "
Aleksandar Duravcevic
Commissioner/Curator: Anastazija Miranovic. Deputy Commissioner: Danica Bogojevic. Venue: Palazzo Malipiero (piano terra), San Marco 3078-3079/A, Ramo Malipiero
MOZAMBIQUE, Republic of *
Theme: Coexistence of Tradition and Modernity in Contemporary Mozambique
Mozambique Artists
Commissioner: Joel Matias Libombo. Deputy Commissioner: Gilberto Paulino Cossa. Curator: Comissariado-Geral para a Expo Milano 2015. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale
NETHERLANDS, The
herman de vries - to be all ways to be
herman de vries
Commissioner: Mondriaan Fund. Curators: Colin Huizing, Cees de Boer. Venue: Pavilion ar Giardini
NEW ZEALAND
Secret Power
Simon Denny
Commissioner: Heather Galbraith. Curator: Robert Leonard. Venue: Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Marco Polo Airport
NORDIC PAVILION (NORWAY)
Camille Norment
Commissioner: OCA, Office for Contemporary Art Norway. Curator: Katya García-Antón. Deputy Curator: Antonio Cataldo. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
PERU
Misplaced Ruins
Gilda Mantilla and Raimond Chaves
Commissioner: Armando Andrade de Lucio. Curator: Max Hernández-Calvo. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
PHILIPPINES
Tie a String Around the World
Manuel Conde, Carlos Francisco, Manny Montelibano, Jose Tence Ruiz
Commissioner: National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), Felipe M. de Leon Jr. Curator: Patrick D. Flores. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora
POLAND
Halka/Haiti. 18°48’05”N 72°23’01”W
C.T. Jasper, Joanna Malinowska
Commissioner: Hanna Wróblewska. Deputy Commissioner: Joanna Wasko. Curator: Magdalena Moskalewicz. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
PORTUGAL
I Will Be Your Mirror / poems and problems
João Louro
Commissioner/Curator: María de Corral. Venue: Palazzo Loredan, campo S. Stefano
ROMANIA
Adrian Ghenie: Darwin’s Room
Adrian Ghenie
Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Mihai Pop. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
Inventing the Truth. On Fiction and Reality
Michele Bressan, Carmen Dobre-Hametner, Alex Mirutziu, Lea Rasovszky, Stefan Sava, Larisa Sitar
Commissioner: Monica Morariu. Deputy Commissioner: Alexandru Damian. Curator: Diana Marincu. Deputy Curators: Ephemair Association (Suzana Dan and Silvia Rogozea). Venue: New Gallery of the Romanian Institute for Culture and Humanistic Research in Venice
RUSSIA
The Green Pavilion
Irina Nakhova
Commissioner: Stella Kesaeva. Curator: Margarita Tupitsyn. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
SERBIA
United Dead Nations
Ivan Grubanov
Commissioner: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Commissioner: Ana Bogdanovic. Curator: Lidija Merenik. Deputy Curator: Ana Bogdanovic. Scientific Committee: Jovan Despotovic. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
SAN MARINO
Repubblica di San Marino “ Friendship Project “ China
Xu De Qi, Liu Dawei, Liu Ruo Wang, Ma Yuan, Li Lei, Zhang Hong Mei, Eleonora Mazza, Giuliano Giulianelli, Giancarlo Frisoni, Tony Margiotta, Elisa Monaldi, Valentina Pazzini
Commissioner: Istituti Culturali della Repubblica di San Marino. Curator: Vincenzo Sanfo. Venue: TBC
SEYCHELLES, Republic of *
A Clockwork Sunset
George Camille, Léon Wilma Loïs Radegonde
Commissioner: Seychelles Art Projects Foundation. Curators: Sarah J. McDonald, Victor Schaub Wong. Venue: European Cultural Centre - Palazzo Mora
SINGAPORE
Sea State
Charles Lim Yi Yong
Commissioner: Paul Tan, National Arts Council, Singapore. Curator: Shabbir Hussain Mustafa. Scientific Committee: Eugene Tan, Kathy Lai, Ahmad Bin Mashadi, June Yap, Emi Eu, Susie Lingham, Charles Merewether, Randy Chan. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
SLOVENIA, Republic of
UTTER / The violent necessity for the embodied presence of hope
JAŠA
Commissioner: Simona Vidmar. Deputy Commissioner: Jure Kirbiš. Curators: Michele Drascek and Aurora Fonda. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale - Artiglierie
SPAIN
Los Sujetos (The Subjects)
Pepo Salazar, Cabello/Carceller, Francesc Ruiz, + Salvador Dalí
Commissioner: Ministerio Asuntos Exteriores. Gobierno de España. Curator: Marti Manen. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC
Origini della civiltà
Narine Ali, Ehsan Alar, Felipe Cardeña, Fouad Dahdouh, Aldo Damioli, Svitlana Grebenyuk, Mauro Reggio, Liu Shuishi, Nass ouh Zaghlouleh, Andrea Zucchi, Helidon Xhixha
Commissioner: Christian Maretti. Curator: Duccio Trombadori. Venue: Redentore – Giudecca, San Servolo Island
SWEDEN
Excavation of the Image: Imprint, Shadow, Spectre, Thought
Lina Selander
Commissioner: Ann-Sofi Noring. Curator: Lena Essling. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale
SWITZERLAND
Our Product
Pamela Rosenkranz
Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Sandi Paucic and Marianne Burki. Deputy-Commissioner: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia, Rachele Giudici Legittimo. Curator: Susanne Pfeffer. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
THAILAND
Earth, Air, Fire & Water
Kamol Tassananchalee
Commissioner: Chai Nakhonchai, Office of Contemporary Art and Culture (OCAC), Ministry of Culture. Curator: Richard David Garst. Deputy Curator: Pongdej Chaiyakut. Venue: Paradiso Gallerie, Giardini della Biennale, Castello 1260
TURKEY
Respiro
Sarkis
Commissioner: Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts. Curator: Defne Ayas. Deputy Curator: Ozge Ersoy. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d’Armi
TUVALU
Crossing the Tide
Vincent J.F. Huang
Commissioner: Taukelina Finikaso. Deputy Commissioner: Temate Melitiana. Curator: Thomas J. Berghuis. Scientific Committee: Andrea Bonifacio. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale
UKRAINE
Hope!
Yevgenia Belorusets, Nikita Kadan, Zhanna Kadyrova, Mykola Ridnyi & SerhiyZhadan, Anna Zvyagintseva, Open Group, Artem Volokitin
Commissioner: Ministry of Culture. Curator: Björn Geldhof. Venue: Riva dei Sette Martiri
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
1980 – Today: Exhibitions in the United Arab Emirates
Abdullah Al Saadi, Abdul Qader Al Rais, Abdulraheem Salim, Abdulrahman Zainal, Ahmed Al Ansari, Ahmed Sharif, Hassan Sharif, Mohamed Yousif, Mohammed Abdullah Bulhiah, Mohammed Al Qassab, Mohammed Kazem, Moosa Al Halyan, Najat Meky, Obaid Suroor, Salem Jawhar
Commissioner: Salama bint Hamdan Al Nahyan Foundation. Curator: Hoor Al Qasimi. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale – Sale d'Armi
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Joan Jonas: They Come to Us Without a Word
Joan Jonas
Commissioner: Paul C. Ha. Deputy Commissioner: MIT List Visual Arts Center. Curators: Ute Meta Bauer, Paul C. Ha. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
URUGUAY
Global Myopia II (Pencil & Paper)
Marco Maggi
Commissioner: Ricardo Pascale. Curator: Patricia Bentancour. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
VENEZUELA, Bolivarian Republic of
Te doy mi palabra (I give you my word)
Argelia Bravo, Félix Molina (Flix)
Commissioner: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Commissioner: Reinaldo Landaeta Díaz. Curator: Oscar Sotillo Meneses. Deputy Curator: Morella Jurado. Scientific Committee: Carlos Pou Ruan. Venue: Pavilion at Giardini
ZIMBABWE, Republic of
Pixels of Ubuntu/Unhu: - Exploring the social and cultural identities of the 21st century.
Chikonzero Chazunguza, Masimba Hwati, Gareth Nyandoro
Commissioner: Doreen Sibanda. Curator: Raphael Chikukwa. Deputy Curator: Tafadzwa Gwetai. Scientific Committee: Saki Mafundikwa, Biggie Samwanda, Fabian Kangai, Reverend Paul Damasane, Nontsikelelo Mutiti, Stephen Garan'anga, Dominic Benhura. Venue: Santa Maria della Pieta
ITALO-LATIN AMERICAN INSTITUTE
Voces Indígenas
Commissioner: Sylvia Irrazábal. Curator: Alfons Hug. Deputy Curator: Alberto Saraiva. Venue: Pavilion at Arsenale
ARGENTINA
Sofia Medici and Laura Kalauz
PLURINATIONAL STATE OF BOLIVIA
Sonia Falcone and José Laura Yapita
BRAZIL
Adriana Barreto
Paulo Nazareth
CHILE
Rainer Krause
COLOMBIA
León David Cobo,
María Cristina Rincón and Claudia Rodríguez
COSTA RICA
Priscilla Monge
ECUADOR
Fabiano Kueva
EL SALVADOR
Mauricio Kabistan
GUATEMALA
Sandra Monterroso
HAITI
Barbara Prézeau Stephenson
HONDURAS
Leonardo González
PANAMA
Humberto Vélez
NICARAGUA
Raúl Quintanilla
PARAGUAY
Erika Meza
Javier López
PERU
José Huamán Turpo
URUGUAY
Gustavo Tabares
Ellen Slegers
001 Inverso Mundus. AES+F
Magazzino del Sale n. 5, Dorsoduro, 265 (Fondamenta delle Zattere ai Saloni); Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960
May 9th – October 31st
Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum
Catalonia in Venice: Singularity
Cantieri Navali, Castello, 40 (Calle Quintavalle)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Institut Ramon Llull
Conversion. Recycle Group
Chiesa di Sant’Antonin, Castello (Campo Sant’Antonin)
May 6th - October 31st
Organization: Moscow Museum of Modern Art
Dansaekhwa
Palazzo Contarini-Polignac, Dorsoduro, 874 (Accademia)
May 7th – August 15th
Organization: The Boghossian Foundation
Dispossession
Palazzo Donà Brusa, Campo San Polo, 2177
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: European Capital of Culture Wroclaw 2016
EM15 presents Doug Fishbone’s Leisure Land Golf
Arsenale Docks, Castello, 40A, 40B, 41C
May 6th - July 26th
Organization: EM15
Eredità e Sperimentazione
Grand Hotel Hungaria & Ausonia, Viale Santa Maria Elisabetta, 28, Lido di Venezia
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Istituto Nazionale di BioArchitettura - Sezione di Padova
Frontiers Reimagined
Palazzo Grimani, Castello, 4858 (Ramo Grimani)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Tagore Foundation International; Polo museale del Veneto
Glasstress 2015 Gotika
Istituto Veneto di Scienze Lettere ed Arti, Palazzo Cavalli Franchetti, San Marco, 2847 (Campo Santo Stefano); Chiesa di Santa Maria della Visitazione, Centro Culturale Don Orione Artigianelli, Dorsoduro, 919 (Zattere); Fondazione Berengo, Campiello della Pescheria, 15, Murano;
May 9th — November 22nd
Organization: The State Hermitage Museum
Graham Fagen: Scotland + Venice 2015
Palazzo Fontana, Cannaregio, 3829 (Strada Nova)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Scotland + Venice
Grisha Bruskin. An Archaeologist’s Collection
Former Chiesa di Santa Caterina, Cannaregio, 4941-4942
May 6th – November 22nd
Organization: Centro Studi sulle Arti della Russia (CSAR), Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia
Helen Sear, ... The Rest Is Smoke
Santa Maria Ausiliatrice, Castello, 450 (Fondamenta San Gioacchin)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Cymru yn Fenis/Wales in Venice
Highway to Hell
Palazzo Michiel, Cannaregio, 4391/A (Strada Nova)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Hubei Museum of Art
Humanistic Nature and Society (Shan-Shui) – An Insight into the Future
Palazzo Faccanon, San Marco, 5016 (Mercerie)
May 7th – August 4th
Organization: Shanghai Himalayas Museum
In the Eye of the Thunderstorm: Effervescent Practices from the Arab World & South Asia
Dorsoduro, 417 (Zattere)
May 6th - November 15th
Organization: ArsCulture
Italia Docet | Laboratorium- Artists, Participants, Testimonials and Activated Spectators
Palazzo Barbarigo Minotto, San Marco, 2504 (Fondamenta Duodo o Barbarigo)
May 9th – June 30th; September 11st – October 31st
Organization: Italian Art Motherboard Foundation (i-AM Foundation)
www.venicebiennale-italiadocet.org
Jaume Plensa: Together
Basilica di San Giorgio Maggiore, Isola di San Giorgio Maggiore
May 6th – November 22nd
Organization: Abbazia di San Giorgio Maggiore Benedicti Claustra Onlus
Jenny Holzer "War Paintings"
Museo Correr, San Marco, 52 (Piazza San Marco)
May 6th – November 22nd
Organization: The Written Art Foundation; Museo Correr, Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia
correr.visitmuve.it
Jump into the Unknown
Palazzo Loredan dell’Ambasciatore, Dorsoduro, 1261-1262
May 9th – June 18th
Organization: Nine Dragon Heads
9dh-venice.com
Learn from Masters
Palazzo Bembo, San Marco, 4793 (Riva del Carbon)
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: Pan Tianshou Foundation
pantianshou.caa.edu.cn/foundation_en
My East is Your West
Palazzo Benzon, San Marco, 3927
May 6th – October 31st
Organization: The Gujral Foundation
Ornamentalism. The Purvitis Prize
Arsenale Nord, Tesa 99
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: The Secretariat of the Latvian Presidency of the Council of the European Union in 2015
www.purvisabalva.lv/en/ornamentalism
Path and Adventure
Arsenale, Castello, 2126/A (Campo della Tana)
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: The Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau; The Macao Museum of Art; The Cultural Affairs Bureau
Patricia Cronin: Shrine for Girls, Venice
Chiesa di San Gallo, San Marco, 1103 (Campo San Gallo)
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: Brooklyn Rail Curatorial Projects
curatorialprojects.brooklynrail.org
Roberto Sebastian Matta. Sculture
Giardino di Palazzo Soranzo Cappello, Soprintendenza BAP per le Province di Venezia, Belluno, Padova e Treviso, Santa Croce, 770 (Fondamenta Rio Marin)
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: Fondazione Echaurren Salaris
www.fondazioneechaurrensalaris.it
www.maggioregam.com/56Biennale_Matta
Salon Suisse: S.O.S. Dada - The World Is A Mess
Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)
May 9th; June 4th - 6th; September 10th - 12th; October 15th - 17th; November 19th – 21st
Organization: Swiss Arts Council Pro Helvetia
Sean Scully: Land Sea
Palazzo Falier, San Marco, 2906
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: Fondazione Volume!
Sepphoris. Alessandro Valeri
Molino Stucky, interior atrium, Giudecca, 812
May 9th – November 22nd
Organization: Assessorato alla Cultura del Comune di Narni(TR); a Sidereal Space of Art; Satellite Berlin
Tesla Revisited
Palazzo Nani Mocenigo, Dorsoduro, 960
May 9th – October 18th
Organization: VITRARIA Glass + A Museum
The Bridges of Graffiti
Arterminal c/o Terminal San Basilio, Dorsoduro (Fondamenta Zattere al Ponte Lungo)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Associazione Culturale Inossidabile
The Dialogue of Fire. Ceramic and Glass Masters from Barcelona to Venice
Palazzo Tiepolo Passi, San Polo, 2774
May 6th - November 22nd
Organization: Fundaciò Artigas; ArsCulture
The Question of Beings
Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello, 3701
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Museum of Contemporary Art, Taipei (MoCA, Taipei)
The Revenge of the Common Place
Università Ca' Foscari, Ca' Bernardo, Dorsoduro, 3199 (Calle Bernardo)
May 9th – September 30th
Organization: Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University Brussels-VUB)
The Silver Lining. Contemporary Art from Liechtenstein and other Microstates
Palazzo Trevisan degli Ulivi, Dorsoduro, 810 (Campo Sant'Agnese)
October 24th – November 1st
Organization: Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein
The Sound of Creation. Paintings + Music by Beezy Bailey and Brian Eno
Conservatorio Benedetto Marcello, Palazzo Pisani, San Marco, 2810 (Campo Santo Stefano)
May 7th - November 22nd
Organization: ArsCulture
The Union of Fire and Water
Palazzo Barbaro, San Marco, 2840
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: YARAT Contemporary Art Organisation
Thirty Light Years - Theatre of Chinese Art
Palazzo Rossini, San Marco, 4013 (Campo Manin)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: GAC Global Art Center Foundation; The Guangdong Museum of Art
Tsang Kin-Wah: The Infinite Nothing, Hong Kong in Venice
Arsenale, Castello, 2126 (Campo della Tana)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: M+, West Kowloon Cultural District; Hong Kong Arts Development Council
Under the Surface, Newfoundland and Labrador at Venice
Galleria Ca' Rezzonico, Dorsoduro, 2793
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Terra Nova Art Foundation
Ursula von Rydingsvard
Giardino della Marinaressa, Castello (Riva dei Sette Martiri)
May 6th - November 22nd
Organization:Yorkshire Sculpture Park
We Must Risk Delight: Twenty Artists from Los Angeles
Magazzino del Sale n. 3, Dorsoduro, 264 (Zattere)
May 7th - November 22nd
Organization: bardoLA
Wu Tien-Chang: Never Say Goodbye
Palazzo delle Prigioni, Castello, 4209 (San Marco)
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Taipei Fine Arts Museum of Taiwan
Xanadu
Istituto Santa Maria della Pietà, Castello, 3701
May 9th - November 22nd
Organization: Dream Amsterdam Foundation
Universities and Associations that have joined the project
Sotheby’s Institute of Art, London / St Lucas University College of Art & Design, Antwerp / University of Washington - College of Arts & Sciences, Seattle / Iowa State University - College of Design, Ames / Universität für angewandte Kunst, Vienna
Venice International University / Università Ca’ Foscari, Venezia / Università Ca’ Foscari, Venezia - Dipartimento di Filosofia e Beni Culturali / Università IUAV di Venezia / Università Commerciale Luigi Bocconi, Milano - Dipartimento di Marketing / Accademia di Belle Arti di Brera, Milano - Ufficio Relazioni Internazionali. Erasmus Office / Politecnico di Milano - Scuola del Design. Laurea in Design degli Interni / Università di Roma Sapienza - Facoltà di Architettura / Associazione Cinemavvenire, Roma / Università per Stranieri di Perugia / Università per Stranieri di Siena
Central Pavilion at the Giardini (3,000 sq.m.) to the Arsenale
Bice Curiger Massimiliano Gioni
A Parliament for a Biennale
Paolo Baratta, President of la Biennale di Venezia
Okwui Enwezor the ARENA Karl Marx’s Das Kapital
Theaster Gates Chris Rehberger Joseph Haydn Cesare Paveset David Adjaye Olaf Nicolai Joana Hadjithomas and Khalil Joreige Marsilio Editori. emergency cinema.” Abounaddara
Mathieu KleyebeCharles Gaines’Jeremy Deller Jason Moran , venedig biennale biennial
other Biennale :(Biennials ) :
Venice Biennial , Documenta Havana Biennial,Istanbul Biennial ( Istanbuli),Biennale de Lyon ,Dak'Art Berlin Biennial,Mercosul Visual Arts Biennial ,Bienal do Mercosul Porto Alegre.,Berlin Biennial ,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial .Yokohama Triennial Aichi Triennale,manifesta ,Copenhagen Biennale,Aichi Triennale
Yokohama Triennial,Echigo-Tsumari Triennial.Sharjah Biennial ,Biennale of Sydney, Liverpool , São Paulo Biennial ; Athens Biennale , Bienal do Mercosul ,Göteborg International Biennial for Contemporary Art
A recent visit to Brisbane's Gallery Of Modern Art GOMA showed some global issues needed addressing.
Yes those are real people at the bottom.
I came across this photo from 2016 recently, and found that it expresses, better than I can in words, the distress I feel when confronting the pandemic and the political dysfunction we're dealing with in the U.S.
Bonito Lava Flow, Sunset Crater National Monument
Exploracilious!!
1. i was born and raised in the baltimore metropolitan area, the oldest of three, one brother, one sister.
2. i am a member of the first graduating class from randallstown high school in 19???
3. my nickname in high school was Big I, never quite liked it, but when you're last name is tucker, it could have been a lot worse.
4. i ran cross country and track in high school, didn't care much for cross country, but the track coach said if you're going to run track son, you're running cross country. thanks coach. i was a highly ranked quarter miler in my senior year at 51 seconds.
5. i attended the university of maryland at college park and the pennsylvania college of optometry in the city of brotherly love.
6. i have been practicing optometry for 30 years. "but dr tucker, you couldn't possibly have been practicing for 30 years". denial, as they say, ain't just a river in egypt.
7. i know you're jealous, but as a self-employed eye care practitioner, i get one whole week of unpaid vacation every year. so i try to pick someplace nice to go...where there's a meeting. hence, some of the recent landscape posts.
8.i believe in empowering my staff, but ultimately the buck stops with me. therefore, do you know how we achieve a consensus at my office??? when they agree with me :-)
9. i have what i believe is a pretty loyal patient base, and have initiated a 20 year hug policy for the women...guys get handshakes and water bottles.
10. what can i say, i'm a sexist pig, i get 2 or 3 new hugs a week, and quite a few more from patients who have already been coming more than 20 years.
11. i like what i do, am actually quite good at it, but one of these days i don't think i would mind doing it a little less.
12.i am color deficient, color blind for the layperson. it is a sex-linked recessive gene, so, in theory, i got it from my mother's father. who was a tailor. go figure
13. my office wardrobe therefore consists almost entirely of predominantly gray slacks and blue shirts. hey, i look good in blue :-) i have three pairs of shoes and three watches, a drawer full of black socks and a drawer full of white socks. i can mix and match them with the best of you :-)
14. speaking of my gene pool, it sucks. virtually every systemic disease known to man runs in my family, including hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, heart disease, thyroid dysfunction and cancer. i have had elevated cholesterol virtually my entire life, nearly 300 prior to initiating treatment with diet (yeah sure), exercise and 3 different medications. my cholesterol is now down to 125. my physician said i had the cholesterol of a young woman. i said, i'd rather have the young woman. ba da bing
15. by the way, she said, you now have diabetes. diabetes is a tougher nut to crack, but other than being angry and depressed i'm handling it rather well. jk :-)
16. i hunt and peck, so this took like forever, so thanks for reading and letting me vent a little. happy new year!!
Star Wars: Dysfunction
An Alphas Story
ARC Squad Alpha-B Roster
Captain Alpha-10 “Ramser” (CO/Auxiliary Marksman)
First Lieutenant Alpha-09 “Capyr” (XO/Auxiliary Demolitions)
Second Lieutenant Alpha-51 “Adenn” (Demolitions/CQB)
Second Lieutenant ARC-53/886 “Gray” (Technician)
Sergeant Major ARC-21/547 “Swoop” (Aerial Assault)
Sergeant Major ARC-401/39 “Deadshot” (Marksman)
Sergeant CS-1801 “Ticker” (Infantry Team Leader)
Corporal CT-89/123 “Stitch” (Medic)
Private CT-7713 “Rail” (Infantry)
Private CT-9054 “Ram” (Infantry)
Private CT-4509 “Knuckles” (Infantry)
______________________________________________________________________________
Chapter I
RAS Bastila Shan
Outskirts of the Hypori Sector
21 BBY
“Unbelievable! Un-karking-believable! This is a horrible injustice towards the fighting men of the Grand Army of the Republic! This is oppression! Tyranny! A crime unparalleled throughout all of galactic history!”
Private Rail sighed, and looked over at his squadmate, Knuckles. “Oh, command only took away your unauthorized porn collection. Stop being a crybaby about it.”
“That was high-quality Holovid material, man! Some of the best in the industry! I’m not being a crybaby, I’m protesting against the stomping on of my right to get turned on!”
“I don’t think that’s a right, Knuckles.”
“Well it should be!”
Before the discussion about the hypothetical right to porn could progress, a third clone bursted into the impromptu meeting room of the debate club that had been founded just seconds earlier, otherwise known as the RecRoom of the Bastila. Clone Sergeant Ticker, the team’s senior NCO that wasn’t an ARC, crossed his arms, and glared at Rail and Knuckles, highly annoyed. Ticker pointed at Knuckles, and said “Private, I swear to the Force, is it impossible for me to leave ya alone fer three damn minutes without ya gettin’ yerself into kriffing trouble!? Ya know that garbage is against the regs! You’re making the entire team look bad! Blast it, you’re making the entire GAR look bad!”
Knuckles simply shrugged, and replied “Hey, if they don’t want these things to happen, they shouldn’t ban my porn.”
Rail rolled his eyes, and said “You know, Knuckles, that they ban all of that kind of stuff. They aren’t just targeting you specifically.”
“Oi, that’s enough, ya two. We can sort out the contraband issue later. The Cap’n wants us all in the hangar, and we’d hate to disappoint, eh?”
Rail stood up from his seat, and replied “On it, Sarge. We’ll head to the armory ASAP.”
Rail and Knuckles quickly walked out of the RecRoom, leaving Ticker behind.
“So, how do you think this is gonna work out, Rail?”
Rail punched in the code to open the Armory door, and replied “Eh, chances all, we get captured, we get interrogated, and we get executed. Standard Covert Ops stuff, from what the XO told me.”
As they stepped into the armory, Knuckles said “Oh, come on. Lieutenant Capyr doesn’t know what he’s-”
Knuckles heard the sound of a clone clearing his throat, and turned his head to see Capyr adjusting a bayonet on his DC-15A. “I know a lot of things, Private. Including that you should always make sure the fellow you’re badmouthing isn’t within earshot.”
The two turned their heads as they heard a chuckle and saw 2nd Lieutenant Adenn sitting on top of a container whilst chucking a grenade around in his hands. “Knowing that you’re able to hear us is what makes it more funnier.”
Capyr made a gesture of questionable politeness towards Adenn, and looked back at Knuckles and Rail. “Look, you two. I know that being sent on borderline suicide missions behind enemy lines is bad for morale, but can you at least save it until after we’re on the ground?” The two Privates muttered in acknowledgments, and went about getting their equipment.
Adenn continued tossing the grenade around in his hands. “‘Ey, Capy, you think that bayonet of yours could pierce through this?”
Capyr scowled under his helmet, gestured at Adenn again, and pressed a button on his gauntlet.
Adenn looked around the armory in confusion, then turned to Capyr, and said “The kark did you do now? And what the kark is that noi-” Adenn looked down to his hands, and a look of horror came across his face as he realized how the grenade played into this. Throwing the now armed grenade across the room, he dove behind a crate of blasters and hoped for the best.
Capyr, for his part, simply stood up, walked over to the grenade, and chuckled. Picking it up, he placed it on his belt, and called out “Hey, di’kut! You can come out now!” Capyr looked over at the two Privates, staring at him in shock. “Eh, don’t worry about it. This here is a little invention of mine, call it a Gagnade. About as explosive as durasteel.”
Adenn slowly crept back up, shock all over his face as he shakingly asked “What the kark? How-”
“Oh, y’know. Designed to look like a grenade, and when I press this button right here,” said Capyr, pointing at his gauntlet, “It starts beeping. Figured it’d be useful on a mission some day, but it’s also real good for putting di’kute who like to pretend they’re Demolitions Experts in their place. By which I mean you, so don’t try to pull the ‘No, you’ trick on me.”
The shock on Adenn’s face became a hateful scowl as he walked over to Capyr with his knife in hand. Capyr, in response, picked up his DC and pointed the bayonet at Adenn. “Now, now, I’m enough of a civilized adult for both of us, so why don’t we sit down and act like it?”
Adenn was not impressed as he looked down at the bayonet. “And if I said no?”
“Then I’m telling the angry Captain standing in the doorway.”
Adenn turned his head, and saw that the squad’s CO, Captain Ramser, was indeed standing in the doorway, his arms crossed. Adenn gave a nervous smile and slowly waved at the Captain, the bayonet still pointed at him. Ramser sighed, and said “Weapons down, both of you.”
Adenn raised both hands and asked. “What weapon?”
Capyr slowly lowered his DC, and said “The knife, you moron.”
Adenn looked at Capyr, mouthed suggestive things at him, and placed the knife back into its holster. When Ramser was sure that the Armory would not be the site of a stabbing, he continued speaking. “Look, Capyr. I know that when Adenn joined the team, there was some… conflict over him taking your job. But he’s still part of the team, and you are to treat him as such. And Adenn, I don’t know what you’re doing to provoke these fights, but whatever it is, stop.”
“Maybe if he wasn’t such a whiny piece of-”
“I said, stop it, Adenn.
Adenn clenched his fist and looked at Capyr in disgust. “Yes, sir.” Capyr and Adenn watched as Ramser stepped outside the Armory, and began to finish collecting their equipment in silence.
Corporal Stitch looked up from his partially assembled Medkit and over at his squadmate, Ram, who was frantically punching buttons on a datapad. “Y’know, Ram, that trick is only going to work so long. The CO will find out eventually.” Stitch shrugged as his warnings fell upon deaf ears and Ram refused to respond, still pushing random buttons to make himself appear busy. “Seriously, it’s only a matter of time.”
Ram remained focused on his datapad until an ARC in grey armor noticed him, walked over, and in one swift motion, took the datapad from Ram and hit him over the head with it. “CT-9054, for the last time, stop messing around the with the datapads. These aren’t toys.”
A second ARC walked up next to Gray. “You really didn’t have to hit him over the head with it, Gray.”
Gray looked at the datapad in his hand, then at the other ARC. “Maybe not, Swoop. But it was satisfying. Y’know how rare it is for me to be the highest-ranking officer around?”
A clone with a black streak going down the visor of his helmet walked into the hangar, sporting a DC-15X, and a short cloak. “‘Oi, mir’sheb, lay off ‘em.”
Gray sighed, and said “Fine, Deadshot. But you can make sure he doesn’t slack off instead. I can’t deal with that level of slacking.”
“I’m not a babysitter. Get someone who will actually listen to you to do that job.”
Gray looked at Deadshot, slowly placed the datapad on a nearby crate, and stepped forward. “ARC-401/39, I don’t know what your major malfunction is, but just because I’m not the Captain or Lieutenant Capyr doesn’t mean I don’t outrank you.”
“Cut the osik, smartass. I know you do. Doesn’t mean I’ll do your chores.”
Stitch stepped between his two superiors, holding out his arms to separate them. “Okay, okay, brothers. I think we can both agree this has escalated too far. Sir, how about I watch our resident lump of uselessness?”
Gray thought for a few seconds, then replied “Okay, Corporal. Make sure he actually does something. As for you, Deadshot, we’ll settle this later. I’m going to check in with the Captain, see if something’s wrong. The rest of the team should be-”
“Apologies, Gray. Had to diffuse me a conflict. Capyr and Adenn, as usual.” Gray and company turned to see Captain Ramser walking towards them, two ARCs and two Privates in tow. “Everything has been going well on your end, I hope.”
An anxious Gray bit his tongue under his helmet, and responded “Eh, not at all sir. All is fine.”
Ramser paused for a second, then shrugged. “If you say so. Now, I believe we a Larty to catch, a planet to land on, and a CIS base to infiltrate.”
A chorus of “Understood, sir,” followed, and the eleven clones walked towards the LAAT in silence. They knew what they were getting into. And they knew that they may not be able to count on each other during it.
As we all know Viagra is the brand name for Sildenafil, a prescription drug used to cure erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction means an inability to sustain an erection for a longer time for a flawless intimacy. If you suffer from the erectile dysfunction or low libido, then this just might...
The Vows, before God, made Him essentially THE Lord of these rings..and our home.
23 years, later and, PTL, He still is our central cornerstone.
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And for those who need so desperately a Restorer, a Comforter..there's hope. The story of Joseph is told by my fav wordsmith, Max Lucado here..read on and rekindle hope.
Family Wounds Are Slow to Heal
by Max Lucado, You'll Get Through This
Family wounds are slow to heal.
I hope your childhood was a happy time when your parents kept everyone fed, safe, and chuckling. I hope your dad came home every day, your mom tucked you in bed every night, and your siblings were your best friends.
But if not, you need to know you aren’t alone. The most famous family tree in the Bible suffered from a serious case of blight. Adam accused Eve. Cain killed his little brother. Abraham lied about Sarah. Rebekah favored Jacob. Jacob cheated Esau and then raised a gang of hoodlums.
The book of Genesis is a relative disaster.
Joseph didn’t deserve to be abandoned by his brothers. True, he wasn’t the easiest guy to live with. He boasted about his dreams and tattled on his siblings. He deserved some of the blame for the family friction. But he certainly didn’t deserve to be dumped into a pit and sold to merchants for pocket change.
The perpetrators were his ten older brothers. His brothers were supposed to look out for him. Joseph’s brothers were out of line. And his father? Jacob was out of touch.
With all due respect, the patriarch could have used a course on marriage and family life.
Mistake number one: he married a woman he didn’t love so he could marry one he did. Mistake number two: the two wives were sisters. (Might as well toss a lit match into a fireworks stand.) The first sister bore him sons. The second sister bore him none. So to expand his clan, he slept with an assortment of handmaidens and concubines until he had a covey of kids. Rachel, his favorite wife, finally gave birth to Joseph, who became his favorite son. She later died giving birth to a second son, Benjamin, leaving Jacob with a contentious household and a broken heart.
Jacob coped by checking out. Obstinate sons. Oblivious dad. The brothers needed a father. The father needed a wake-up call. And Joseph needed a protector. But he wasn’t protected; he was neglected. And he landed in a distant, dark place.
Initially, Joseph chose not to face his past. By the time he saw his brothers again, Joseph had been prime minister for nearly a decade. The kid from Canaan had come a long way.
Joseph could travel anywhere he wanted, yet he chose not to return to Canaan. He knew where to find his family, but he chose not to contact them.
He kept family secrets a secret. Untouched and untreated. Joseph was content to leave his past in the past. But God was not.
Restoration matters to God. The healing of the heart involves the healing of the past.
So God shook things up.
All countries came to Joseph in Egypt to get grain, because the famine was severe in all lands. — Genesis 41:57
And in the long line of folks appealing for an Egyptian handout, look what the cat dragged in.
Joseph heard them before he saw them. He was fielding a question from a servant when he detected the Hebrew chatter. Not just the language of his heart but the dialect of his home. The prince motioned for the servant to stop speaking. He turned and looked. There they stood.
The brothers were balder, grayer, rough skinned. They were pale and gaunt with hunger. Sweaty robes clung to their shins, and road dust chalked their cheeks. These Hebrews stuck out in sophisticated Egypt like hillbillies at Times Square.
They didn’t recognize him. His beard was shaved, his robe was royal, and the language he spoke was Egyptian. It never occurred to them that they were standing before their baby brother.
Thinking the prince couldn’t understand Hebrew, the brothers spoke to him with their eyes and gestures. They pointed at the stalks of grain and then at their mouths. They motioned to the brother who carried the money, and he stumbled forward and spilled the coins on the table.
When Joseph saw the silver, his lips curled, and his stomach turned. He had named his son God Made Me Forget, but the money made him remember. The last time he saw coins in the hands of Jacob’s older boys, they were laughing, and he was whimpering. That day at the pit he searched these faces for a friend, but he found none. And now they dared bring silver to him?
Joseph called for a Hebrew-speaking servant to translate. Then Joseph scowled at his brothers.
He acted as a stranger to them and spoke roughly to them. — Genesis 42:7
The brothers fell face-first in the dirt, which brought to Joseph’s mind a childhood dream.
“Uh, well, we’re from up the road in Canaan. Maybe you’ve heard of it?”
Joseph glared at them. “Nah, I don’t believe you. Guards, put these spies under arrest. They are here to infiltrate our country.”
The ten brothers spoke at once. “You’ve got it all wrong, Your High, Holy, and Esteemed Honor. We’re salt of the earth. We belong to the same family. That’s Simeon over there. That’s Judah... Well, there are twelve of us in all. At least there used to be.
The youngest is now with our father, and one is no longer living. — Genesis 42:13
Joseph gulped at the words. This was the first report on his family he had heard in twenty years. Jacob was alive. Benjamin was alive. And they thought he was dead.
“Tell you what,” he snapped. “I’ll let one of you go back and get your brother and bring him here. The rest of you I’ll throw in jail.”
With that, Joseph had their hands bound. A nod of his head, and they were marched off to jail. Perhaps the same jail where he had spent at least two years of his life.
What a curious series of events. The gruff voice, harsh treatment. The jail sentence. The abrupt dismissal. We’ve seen this sequence before with Joseph and his brothers, only the roles were reversed. On the first occasion they conspired against him. This time he conspired against them. They spoke angrily. He turned the tables. They threw him in the hole and ignored his cries for help. Now it was his turn to give them the cold shoulder.
What was going on?
I think he was trying to get his bearings. This was the toughest challenge of his life. The famine, by comparison, was easy. Mrs. Potiphar he could resist. Pharaoh’s assignments he could manage. But this mixture of hurt and hate that surged when he saw his flesh and blood? Joseph didn’t know what to do.
Maybe you don’t either.
Your family failed you. Your early years were hard ones. The people who should have cared for you didn’t. But, like Joseph, you made the best of it. You’ve made a life for yourself. Even started your own family. You are happy to leave Canaan in the rearview mirror. But God isn’t.
He gives us more than we request by going deeper than we ask. He wants not only your whole heart; He wants your heart whole. Why? Hurt people hurt people. Think about it. Why do you fly off the handle? Why do you avoid conflict? Why do you seek to please everyone? Might your tendencies have something to do with an unhealed hurt in your heart?
God wants to help you for your sake. And for the sake of your posterity.
Suppose Joseph had refused his brothers? Summarily dismissed them? Washed his hands of the whole mess? God’s plan for the nation of Israel depended upon the compassion of Joseph. A lot was at stake here.
There is a lot at stake with you too. Yes, your family history has some sad chapters. But your history doesn’t have to be your future. The generational garbage can stop here and now. You don’t have to give your kids what your ancestors gave you.
Talk to God about the scandals and scoundrels. Invite Him to relive the betrayal with you. Bring it out in the open. Joseph restaged the hurt for a reason.
Revealing leads to healing.
Let God do His work. The process may take a long time. It may take a lifetime.
Family pain is the deepest pain because it was inflicted so early and because it involves people who should have been trustworthy.
Let God transform you into a new person by changing the way you think. — Romans 12:2
Let Him replace childish thinking with mature truth (1 Corinthians 13:11). You are God’s child. His creation. Destined for heaven. You are a part of His family. Let Him set you on the path to reconciliation.
Joseph did. The process would prove to be long and difficult. It occupies four chapters of the Bible and at least a year on the calendar, but Joseph took the first step. After three days Joseph released his brothers from jail. He played the tough guy again. “Go on back. But I want to see this kid brother you talk about. I’ll keep one of you as a guarantee.”
They agreed and then, right in front of Joseph, rehashed the day they dry-gulched him:
Then they said to one another, ‘We are truly guilty concerning our brother, for we saw the anguish of his soul when he pleaded with us, and we would not hear; therefore this distress has come upon us’. — Genesis 42:21
Again, they did not know that the prince understood Hebrew. But he did. And when he heard the words, Joseph turned away so they couldn’t see his eyes fill with tears. He stepped into the shadows and wept. He did this seven more times. He didn’t cry when he was promoted by Potiphar or crowned by Pharaoh, but he blubbered like a baby when he learned that his brothers hadn’t forgotten him after all. When he sent them back to Canaan, he loaded their saddlebags with grain. A moment of grace.
With that small act, healing started. If God healed that family, who’s to say He won’t heal yours?
Healing of the heart involved healing of the past
For Reflection
Listed below are several words and phrases that characterize some of the hardships and dysfunction evident in Joseph’s family. Which issues have marked your family?
❑ abandonment
❑ troubled marriage(s)
❑ premature death
❑ hatred
❑ sibling rivalry
❑ favoritism
❑ severe grief
❑ disregard for others
❑ parental abdication
❑ guilt
❑ deception
❑ betrayal
❑ infertility
❑ resentment
❑ abuse
❑ extramarital relationships
❑ harsh treatment
❑ brokenness
❑ self-absorption
❑ secrecy
❑ neglect
Part of the healing process includes unearthing the details — the specifics of how you were hurt — and inviting God to relive those experiences with you. What help do you need from God? How do you want to experience His presence, comfort, or guidance?
Coming face-to-face with old hurts can be disorienting. When Joseph first encountered his brothers again, he withheld his identity, spoke harshly, made false accusations, jailed them, released them, put conditions on their departure and return, held one of them hostage, concealed powerful emotions, and was secretly generous to them (Genesis 42:6-28). What conflicting thoughts and emotions surface when you consider the possibility of engaging old hurts and the people connected with them?
Joseph’s path to reconciliation with his family was long and difficult, but it began with a small act of mercy and grace — he loaded his brothers’ saddlebags with grain and quietly returned the silver they had paid for it. A gift, free and clear.
What small act of mercy and grace do you sense God inviting you to extend to someone in your family?
from You'll Get Through This by Max Lucado,
Explore #345, 1/1/08.
That is, they don't get enough attention -- not that they have short attention spans. On the other hand, maybe they get plenty of attention, they just always want more. These were next door to a New Year's party we attended and they sure were friendly, if not somewhat jealous of each other!