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A plum is a simple fruit because it was formed from a single ovary. It is considered fleshy because at least some of the pericarp is soft at maturity. Specifically, it is a drupe because the endocarp is stony.
This plum is cut lengthwise (longitudinally), revealing the pit. The pit is the hard endocarp, and the seed is inside the endocarp (not visible here). The shiny, purple, outer layer is the exocarp. The yellow, soft region between the exocarp and pit is the mesocarp.
A walnut is a simple fruit because it was formed from a single ovary. It is considered fleshy because at least some of the pericarp is soft at maturity. Specifically, it is a drupe because the endocarp is stony.
Only the endocarp, which contains the seed (not visible), is shown here. The exocarp and mesocarp have been removed.