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Taken at the National Cryptologic Museum, NSA.
Creative Commons photo courtesy of ideonexus, please feel free to use for your own purposes.
Taken at the National Cryptologic Museum, NSA.
Creative Commons photo courtesy of ideonexus, please feel free to use for your own purposes.
Taken at the National Cryptologic Museum, NSA.
Creative Commons photo courtesy of ideonexus, please feel free to use for your own purposes.
Royal Holloway finds a mention in the Harry Potter series of books and a few parts of the college can be seen in 'Basic Instinct 2' and in some of the 'Harry Potter' movies. Also Sophie Neveu (from the Da Vinci Code) studied cryptography at Royal Holloway (if u can recall).
Bletchley Park és un dels llocs més fascinants de la història del segle XX. Aquí, durant la II Guerra Mundial i buscant la manera de desxifrar els codis militars alemanys, en sorgí la informàtica i els ordinadors.
Alan Turing es pot anomenar el Pare de la Informàtica, ja que fou ell qui teoritzà el funcionament dels ordinadors, i contribuí fonamentalment a la seva construcció. Malauradament, al final de la seva vida és tragic per algú que contribuí a salvar tants milers de vides escurçant la Segona Guerra Mundial.
ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Turing
ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bletchley_Park
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Bletchley Park is one of the most amazing historical places related to the XX Century in general and to WWII in particular. Here, during the colossal effort to crack the german military codes, computers and computing science were born (or at least had their main intial development).
Alan Turing is the father of computing; he layed out the theory and was involved in the development of the first computers. Sadly, all his huge contribution to shortening WWII and thus saving hundreds of lives wasn't recognized, and even died in terrible circunstances.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Turing
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bletchley_Park
www.bletchleypark.org/content/museum.rhtm
For an impresive virtual visit, take a look to these videos:
150416-N-FQ994-063 MEDITERRANEAN SEA (April 16, 2015) USS Ross (DDG 71) Command Master Chief Ricardo Galvin, center-left, and Chief Cryptographic Technician Eduardo Modero, from Trujillo Alto, Puetro Rico, center-right, administer a divisional service dress blue uniform inspection aboard the ship April 16, 2015. Ross, an Arleigh Burke-class guided-missile destroyer, forward-deployed to Rota, Spain, is conducting naval operations in the U.S. 6th Fleet area of operations in support of U.S. national security interests in Europe. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Robert S. Price/Released)
Alan Turing Archive, Sherborne School Collections, Sherborne School, Abbey Road, Sherborne, Dorset, UK, DT9 3AP.
Alan Mathison Turing (1912-1954) was a pupil at Sherborne School from May 1926 to July 1931. As a Sixth former at Sherborne School, Alan Turing was allowed to borrow books from the School library and between October 1928 and May 1931 he borrowed 33 titles, but only three works of fiction. A list of the books Alan Turing borrowed from Sherborne School library is available here: oldshirburnian.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Alan-Tur...
On 7 November 1928, Alan borrowed W.W. Rouse Ball’s 'Mathematical Recreations and Essays'. This book contains information about the art of constructing cryptographs and ciphers and reveals Alan’s early interest in the subject. He returned the book to the library on 12 December 1928.
Alan Turing and Christopher Morcom used to meet in the School library on Wednesday afternoons to discuss their shared interests in mathematics, science and astronomy. In 1930, Alan Turing selected W.W. Rouse Ball's 'Mathematical Recreations and Essays' for his Christopher Morcom Prize. This volume is now held in the Turing Archive at King's College, Cambridge www.turingarchive.org/browse.php/B/35
In 1965, Alan's mother, Mrs Ethel Sara Turing, donated the Alan Turing Archive to Sherborne School.
For more information about the Alan Turing Archives held at Sherborne School oldshirburnian.org.uk/alan-turing/
If you have any additional information about this image or if you would like to use one of our images then we would love to hear from you. Please leave a comment below or contact us via the Sherborne School Archives website: oldshirburnian.org.uk/school-archives/contact-the-school-...
Taken at the National Cryptologic Museum, NSA.
Creative Commons photo courtesy of ideonexus, please feel free to use for your own purposes.
please take the time to scan my hidden message in this QR code. QR code (abbreviated from Quick Response Code) is the trademark for a type of matrix barcode (or two-dimensional barcode) first designed for the automotive industry in Japan. A barcode is a machine-readable optical label that contains information about the item to which it is attached. A QR code uses four standardized encoding modes (numeric, alphanumeric, byte / binary, and kanji) to efficiently store data; extensions may also be used.
The QR Code system has become popular outside the automotive industry due to its fast readability and greater storage capacity compared to standard UPC barcodes. Applications include product tracking, item identification, time tracking, document management, general marketing, and much more.
A QR code consists of black modules (square dots) arranged in a square grid on a white background, which can be read by an imaging device (such as a camera) and processed using Reed–Solomon error correction until the image can be appropriately interpreted. The required data are then extracted from patterns present in both horizontal and vertical components of the image.
History
The QR code system was invented in 1994 by Denso Wave. Its purpose was to track vehicles during manufacture; it was designed to allow high-speed component scanning. Although initially used for tracking parts in vehicle manufacturing, QR codes now are used in a much broader context, including both commercial tracking applications and convenience-oriented applications aimed at mobile-phone users (termed mobile tagging). QR codes may be used to display text to the user, to add a vCard contact to the user's device, to open a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), or to compose an e-mail or text message. Users can generate and print their own QR codes for others to scan and use by visiting one of several paid and free QR code generating sites or apps. The technology has since become one of the most-used types of two-dimensional barcode.
Uses
Originally designed for industrial uses, QR codes have become common in consumer advertising. Typically, a smartphone is used as a QR code scanner, displaying the code and converting it to some useful form (such as a standard URL for a website, thereby obviating the need for a user to type it into a web browser).
A QR code in Japan used on a large billboard. sagasou.mobi MEBKM:TITLE:探そうモビで専門学校探し！;URL:http://sagasou.mobi;
"In the shopping industry, knowing what causes the consumers to be motivated when approaching products by the use of QR codes, advertisers and marketers can use the behavior of scanning to get consumers to buy, causing it to have the best impact on ad and marketing design." As a result, the QR code has become a focus of advertising strategy, since it provides quick and effortless access to the brand's website.Beyond mere convenience to the consumer, the importance of this capability is that it increases the conversion rate (that is, it increases the chance that contact with the advertisement will convert to a sale), by coaxing interested prospects further down the conversion funnel without any delay or effort, bringing the viewer to the advertiser's website immediately, where a longer and more targeted sales pitch may continue. In this way, the consumer is whisked seamlessly to a detailed advertisement that is rich in engaging audio-visual content specifically designed to create a strong desire to purchase the product, even if the consumer had no intention to purchase anything at the time he/she first saw the display ad.
Although initially used to track parts in vehicle manufacturing, QR codes are now (as of 2012) used over a much wider range of applications, including commercial tracking, entertainment and transport ticketing, product/loyalty marketing (examples: mobile couponing where a company's discounted and percent discount can be captured using a QR code decoder which is a mobile app, or storing a company's information such as address and related information alongside its alpha-numeric text data as can be seen in Yellow Pages directory), and in-store product labeling. It can also be used in storing personal information for use by organizations. An example of this is Philippines National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) where NBI clearances now come with a QR code. Many of these applications target mobile-phone users (via mobile tagging). Users may receive text, add a vCard contact to their device, open a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), or compose an e-mail or text message after scanning QR codes. They can generate and print their own QR codes for others to scan and use by visiting one of several pay or free QR code-generating sites or apps. Google had a popular API to generate QR codes, and apps for scanning QR codes can be found on nearly all smartphone devices.
QR codes storing addresses and Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) may appear in magazines, on signs, on buses, on business cards, or on almost any object about which users might want information. Users with a camera phone equipped with the correct reader application can scan the image of the QR code to display text, contact information, connect to a wireless network, or open a web page in the telephone's browser. This act of linking from physical world objects is termed hardlinking or object hyperlinking. QR codes also may be linked to a location to track where a code has been scanned. Either the application that scans the QR code retrieves the geo information by using GPS and cell tower triangulation (aGPS) or the URL encoded in the QR code itself is associated with a location.
QR codes have been used and printed on Chinese train tickets since 2010
QR codes are used as a basis for art and as embedded 'extra information' providers in works of art. Recruiters have started placing QR codes in job advertisements,while applicants have started sporting it in their CVs and visiting cards.
In June 2011, The Royal Dutch Mint (Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt) issued the world's first official coin with a QR code to celebrate the centenary of its current building and premises. The coin can be scanned by a smartphone and link to a special website with contents about the historical event and design of the coin.In 2008, a Japanese stonemason announced plans to engrave QR codes on gravestones, allowing visitors to view information about the deceased, and family members to keep track of visits.
In November 2013, Microsoft released the XBOX One. On the One, codes could be redeemed by using Kinect to scan QR codes instead of typing them by hand.
Mobile operating systems
QR codes can be used in Google's Android, BlackBerry OS, Nokia Symbian Belle and Apple iOS devices (iPhone/iPod/iPad), as well as Microsoft's Windows Phone operating system, Google Goggles, 3rd party barcode scanners, and the Nintendo 3DS. The browser supports URL redirection, which allows QR codes to send metadata to existing applications on the device. mbarcode is a QR code reader for the Maemo operating system. In Apple's iOS, a QR code reader is not natively included, but more than fifty paid and free apps are available with both the ability to scan the codes and hard-link to an external URL. Google Goggles is an example of one of many applications that can scan and hard-link URLs for iOS and Android. BlackBerry 10 devices have a native QR reader as well as several third party readers. Windows Phone 7.5 is able to scan QR codes through the Bing search app.
URLs
URLs aided marketing conversion rates even in the pre-smartphone era, but during those years faced several limitations: ad viewers usually had to type the URL and often did not have a web browser in front of them at the moment they viewed the ad. The chances were high that they would forget to visit the site later, not bother to type a URL, or forget what URL to type. Clean URLs decreased these risks but did not eliminate them. Some of these disadvantages to URL conversion rates are fading away now that smartphones are putting web access and voice recognition in constant reach. Thus an advert viewer need only reach for his or her phone and speak the URL, at the moment of ad contact, rather than remember to type it into a PC later.
Virtual stores
During the month of June 2011, according to one study, 14 million mobile users scanned a QR code or a barcode. Some 58% of those users scanned a QR or barcode from their homes, while 39% scanned from retail stores; 53% of the 14 million users were men between the ages of 18 and 34. The use of QR codes for "virtual store" formats started in South Korea, and Argentina, but is currently expanding globally. Big companies such as Walmart, Procter & Gamble and Woolworths have already adopted the Virtual Store concept.
Code payments
QR codes can be used to store bank account information or credit card information, or they can be specifically designed to work with particular payment provider applications. There are several trial applications of QR code payments across the world.
In November 2012, QR code payments were deployed on a larger scale in the Czech Republic when an open format for payment information exchange - a Short Payment Descriptor - was introduced and endorsed by the Czech Banking Association as the official local solution for QR payments.
QR codes are commonly used in the field of cryptographic currencies, particularly those based off and including Bitcoin. Payment addresses, cryptographic keys and transaction information are often shared between digital wallets in this way.
Website login
QR codes can be used to log in into websites: a QR Code is shown on the login page on a computer screen, and when a registered user scans it with a verified smartphone, they will automatically be logged in on the computer. Authentication is performed by the smartphone which contacts the server. Google tested such a login method in January 2012.
Funerary use
In 2008-04-01, Ishinokoe in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan began to sell tombstones with QR codes produced by IT DeSign, where the code leads to a virtual grave site of the deceased.
In 2011, Seattle-based Quiring Monuments Inc. began to sell an item branded as a 'Living Headstone,' where a QR code is added to a grave marker through a small plastic-metal composite tag affixed to the gravestone and a QR-operated website to back it up. Anyone can scan a grave maker with their smartphone and learn more about the person buried there.
In 2014, in the Jewish Cemetery of La Paz, Uruguay, QR codes are being implemented for tombstones, in order to enable remote access to cemetery images and know the exact location of every tomb via websites; it is the first cemetery in the world to introduce this innovation.
Design
Unlike the older, one-dimensional barcode that was designed to be mechanically scanned by a narrow beam of light, a QR code is detected by a 2-dimensional digital image sensor and then digitally analyzed by a programmed processor. The processor locates the three distinctive squares at the corners of the QR code image, using a smaller square (or multiple squares) near the fourth corner to normalize the image for size, orientation, and angle of viewing. The small dots throughout the QR code are then converted to binary numbers and validated with an error-correcting code.
Software
Software for scanning and processing QR codes are availible for multiple platforms, with free and paid options. Applications can be downloaded from app stores like Apple's App Store and Google Play for Android.
Storage
The amount of data that can be stored in the QR code symbol depends on the datatype (mode, or input character set), version (1, …, 40, indicating the overall dimensions of the symbol), and error correction level. The maximum storage capacities occur for 40-L symbols (version 40, error correction level L):
Taken at the National Cryptologic Museum, NSA.
Creative Commons photo courtesy of ideonexus, please feel free to use for your own purposes.
Taken at the National Cryptologic Museum, NSA.
Creative Commons photo courtesy of ideonexus, please feel free to use for your own purposes.
Microchip's low-cost ENC624J600 standalone, IEEE 802.3™ compliant, 100 Mbps Ethernet interface controllers. These Ethernet controllers combine a 10/100Base-TX physical interface (PHY) and a Media Access Controller (MAC) with a hardware cryptographic security engine, and can connect to any PIC® microcontroller via an industry-standard Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or a flexible parallel interface. Additionally, each device has a unique, factory-preprogrammed MAC address and 24 Kbytes of configurable SRAM for packet transmit/receive buffering and data storage. This combination of speed, flexibility and features enables designers to create fast, secure network- and Internet-connected embedded applications with minimized board space, cost and complexity. All of Microchip’s Ethernet products, tools, documentation and other design resources can be found on the Company’s online Ethernet Design Center, located at: www.microchip.com/Ethernet
Taken at the National Cryptologic Museum, NSA.
Creative Commons photo courtesy of ideonexus, please feel free to use for your own purposes.
charismathics exhibits at Infosecurity Europe, London, UK - 19-21 April 2011
charismathics is a global leader in identity management software. Its premier product, the charismathics Smart Security Interface (CSSI), makes it cost-effective and easy for enterprises to integrate multiple authentication solutions into a single, transparent interface. Since 2003, charismathics has pioneered the field of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), introducing the first PKI client to support Trusted Platform Modules (TPM) and the first PKI client to be fully integrated with pre-boot environments. charismathics also bundles its premier solution with silicon based hardware devices, primarily smart cards and USB cryptographic tokens, where physical and logical security needs also meet when contactless chips and RFID tags are embedded. charismathics is partnering with a growing number of world key players in the field of single sign on, hard disk encryption, digital certificate issuance. Envisioning a revolution in mobile Internet devices, charismathics has turned to this technology as well releasing iEnigma, a software which secures handheld units such as the iPhone, the iPod Touch and most phones featuring Windows Mobile, and provides streamlined two-factor authentication for the enterprise. charismathics offers its security products and services in a variety of industries including building security, banking and finance, healthcare, telecommunications, government and computer manufacturing.
Red Bottle Design, LLC launches GlassPay in the Wearables category during DEMO Fall 2013 at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, California Thursday October 17, 2013. Glasspay will enable Google Glass users to make payments with one another by leveraging the power of the Bitcoin and Litecoin cryptographic currencies. For more on GlassPay please visit bit.ly/GlassPay. Complete coverage of DEMO, the Launchpad for Emerging Technologies and Trends, can be found at bit.ly/DEMOsite.
Taken at the National Cryptologic Museum, NSA.
Creative Commons photo courtesy of ideonexus, please feel free to use for your own purposes.
Red Bottle Design, LLC launches GlassPay in the Wearables category during DEMO Fall 2013 at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, California Thursday October 17, 2013. Glasspay will enable Google Glass users to make payments with one another by leveraging the power of the Bitcoin and Litecoin cryptographic currencies. For more on GlassPay please visit bit.ly/GlassPay. Complete coverage of DEMO, the Launchpad for Emerging Technologies and Trends, can be found at bit.ly/DEMOsite.
Normal daily life along a different timeline - which we cannot find - but have the feeling that it exists - but
Certainly!
Quantum computing represents a groundbreaking advancement in technology, deeply intertwined with the concepts of superposition, entanglement, and interference from quantum physics. Unlike classical computing, which processes information in a linear fashion using bits (0s and 1s), quantum computing utilizes quantum bits or qubits that can exist in multiple states simultaneously. This enables quantum computers to perform numerous calculations at once, effectively navigating through a vast landscape of potential solutions.
The idea of parallel timelines can be likened to the way quantum computers operate. Each decision or computation can be viewed as branching into multiple outcomes, similar to how different timelines might unfold based on various choices. This means that a quantum computer can explore various paths to a solution simultaneously, leading to remarkable efficiencies in solving complex problems.
In practical terms, this capability could revolutionize fields such as cryptography, where quantum computers may break existing encryption methods faster than classical computers. In material science, they could simulate quantum phenomena to discover new materials with desirable properties. Additionally, in optimization problems across various industries, quantum computing offers the potential to find the most efficient solutions more rapidly than traditional methods.
In summary, the link between quantum computing and the concept of parallel timelines highlights a fascinating intersection of technology and theoretical physics, suggesting that our understanding of reality may be more complex and interconnected than we previously imagined.
Taken at the National Cryptologic Museum, NSA.
Creative Commons photo courtesy of ideonexus, please feel free to use for your own purposes.
Interest in Cryptocurrency mining is rapidly increasing. Pictured is an image of a Sapphire Crypto Mining Rig.
This image was taken by MoneyBright and released under Creative Commons Attribution licensing. Please feel free to use either commercially or non commercial, but please add a link to www.moneybright.co.uk
Bletchley Park in Buckinghamshire, was long the top secret centre for government intelligence. Its radio interception was decisive in the fight against Hitler in the Second World War.
A typical bank of valves to perform the complex switching and comparisons required to perform what is essentially a statistical analysis. The letter distribution in the plain text message is not even and there is a surfeit of double characters, not only from words in the text but also in the common habit of doubling the teleprinter control codes to offer redundancy against data loss. The encoded data stream has a virtually even letter distribution so by trying various decoding algorithms one drum setting might arise that results in a statistically significant result. This position can be tried on a virtual Lorenz machine (Tunny) to see if it results in plain text. If not; try some more combinations in the Colossus.
Taken with a Pentax ME Super on Fujicolor Superia 200 ASA Colour negative stock.
The popularity of cryptocurrency mining continues to rise. Pictured is an image of a Sapphire Crypto Mining Rig.
This image was taken by MoneyBright and released under Creative Commons Attribution licensing. Please feel free to use either commercially or non commercial, but please add a link to www.moneybright.co.uk
Normal daily life along a different timeline - which we cannot find - but have the feeling that it exists - but
Certainly!
Quantum computing represents a groundbreaking advancement in technology, deeply intertwined with the concepts of superposition, entanglement, and interference from quantum physics. Unlike classical computing, which processes information in a linear fashion using bits (0s and 1s), quantum computing utilizes quantum bits or qubits that can exist in multiple states simultaneously. This enables quantum computers to perform numerous calculations at once, effectively navigating through a vast landscape of potential solutions.
The idea of parallel timelines can be likened to the way quantum computers operate. Each decision or computation can be viewed as branching into multiple outcomes, similar to how different timelines might unfold based on various choices. This means that a quantum computer can explore various paths to a solution simultaneously, leading to remarkable efficiencies in solving complex problems.
In practical terms, this capability could revolutionize fields such as cryptography, where quantum computers may break existing encryption methods faster than classical computers. In material science, they could simulate quantum phenomena to discover new materials with desirable properties. Additionally, in optimization problems across various industries, quantum computing offers the potential to find the most efficient solutions more rapidly than traditional methods.
In summary, the link between quantum computing and the concept of parallel timelines highlights a fascinating intersection of technology and theoretical physics, suggesting that our understanding of reality may be more complex and interconnected than we previously imagined.
charismathics exhibits at Pulse 2011, Las Vegas, USA - 27Feb - 2Mar 2011
charismathics is a global leader in identity management software. Its premier product, the charismathics Smart Security Interface (CSSI), makes it cost-effective and easy for enterprises to integrate multiple authentication solutions into a single, transparent interface. Since 2003, charismathics has pioneered the field of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), introducing the first PKI client to support Trusted Platform Modules (TPM) and the first PKI client to be fully integrated with pre-boot environments. charismathics also bundles its premier solution with silicon based hardware devices, primarily smart cards and USB cryptographic tokens, where physical and logical security needs also meet when contactless chips and RFID tags are embedded. charismathics is partnering with a growing number of world key players in the field of single sign on, hard disk encryption, digital certificate issuance. Envisioning a revolution in mobile Internet devices, charismathics has turned to this technology as well releasing iEnigma, a software which secures handheld units such as the iPhone, the iPod Touch and most phones featuring Windows Mobile, and provides streamlined two-factor authentication for the enterprise. charismathics offers its security products and services in a variety of industries including building security, banking and finance, healthcare, telecommunications, government and computer manufacturing.
Taken at the National Cryptologic Museum, NSA.
Creative Commons photo courtesy of ideonexus, please feel free to use for your own purposes.
When installed at NSA in 1993, the Cray Y-MP M90 was one of the fastest computers in the world. To support its work the computer had 32 gigabytes (GB) of memory. (Many of today's cell phones have more memory than that.) The board shown in this photo is one of two memory boards from the computer. The Motorola chips on the board provided its storage.
Seen at the National Security Agency’s National Cryptologic Museum, Fort Meade, Maryland.
An observation from someone who is not an expert in cryptography: Cryptography is about converting order (a written or spoken message) to disorder (an encrypted communication with no clear patterns) and vice versa. Thus, I find it interesting that a number of tools for cryptography—especially prior to the digital age—have a physical order or pattern.
The U.S. Army and Navy used the SIGABA/ECM cipher device extensively throughout World War II. Frank Roulette, working in the Army’s Signal Service, created the pseudo-random stepping motion of the SIGABA encryption machine. Because of the unpredictable movement of the cipher rotors, SIGABA defeated the best efforts of Axis mathematicians to exploit it. It was never solved by the enemy, allowing for secure communications throughout the war. However, the device was sufficiently heavy and complex that it was typically used on ships and at fixed locations, but not by field units.
Seen at the National Security Agency’s National Cryptologic Museum, Fort Meade, Maryland.
An observation from someone who is not an expert in cryptography: Cryptography is about converting order (a written or spoken message) to disorder (an encrypted communication with no clear patterns) and vice versa. Thus, I find it interesting that a number of tools for cryptography—especially prior to the digital age—have a physical order or pattern.
Taken at the National Cryptologic Museum, NSA.
Creative Commons photo courtesy of ideonexus, please feel free to use for your own purposes.