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Le portail est un superbe exemple de sculpture romane parfaitement conservée. Il a été réalisé entre 1110 et 1130. Le décor luxuriant, une quadruple archivolte décorée d'entrelacs et de motifs variés, entoure un tympan orné d'une scène de l'Apocalypse et rappelle la Saintonge voisine.
Si on trouve sur plusieurs tympans de portails romans une représentation de la seconde vision de l'Apocalypse que saint Jean a à Patmos, à Moissac, à Beaulieu-sur-Dordogne, à Compostelle ou Chartres, le tympan de La Lande-de-Fronsac est le seul à représenter la première vision racontée par saint Jean dans Apocalypse 1, 9-16 (traduction de la Bible de Louis Segond) :
9- Moi Jean, votre frère, et qui ai part avec vous à la tribulation et au royaume et à la persévérance en Jésus, j'étais dans l'île appelée Patmos, à cause de la parole de Dieu et du témoignage de Jésus.
10- Je fus ravi en esprit au jour du Seigneur, et j'entendis derrière moi une voix forte, comme le son d'une trompette,
11- qui disait: Ce que tu vois, écris-le dans un livre, et envoie-le aux sept Églises, à Éphèse, à Smyrne, à Pergame, à Thyatire, à Sardes, à Philadelphie, et à Laodicée.
12- Je me retournai pour connaître quelle était la voix qui me parlait. Et, après m'être retourné, je vis sept chandeliers d'or,
13- et, au milieu des sept chandeliers, quelqu'un qui ressemblait à un fils d'homme, vêtu d'une longue robe, et ayant une ceinture d'or sur la poitrine.
14- Sa tête et ses cheveux étaient blancs comme de la laine blanche, comme de la neige; ses yeux étaient comme une flamme de feu;
15- ses pieds étaient semblables à de l'airain ardent, comme s'il eût été embrasé dans une fournaise; et sa voix était comme le bruit de grandes eaux.
16- Il avait dans sa main droite sept étoiles. De sa bouche sortait une épée aiguë, à deux tranchants; et son visage était comme le soleil lorsqu'il brille dans sa force.
Le tympan relevé par Léo Drouyn en 1849.
La vision de Jean Christ avec l'épée, les sept étoiles, les lustres et les églises. Tympan de l'église de Saint-Pierre de La Lande-de-FronsacLe tympan.
Le sculpteur a traduit dans la pierre d'une manière gauche le texte de saint Jean. En bas, à gauche, la représentation des sept églises et saint Jean témoin de la vision tenant un livre. Au centre, le Fils de l'Homme vêtu d'une longue robe et ayant une ceinture d'or sur la poitrine, la main droite soutient un cercle dans lequel se trouvent les sept étoiles, au niveau de sa bouche est sculptée une épée à deux tranchants. Entre saint Jean et le Christ on voit les jambes d'un petit homme nu, son corps est prisonnier des lianes qui couvrent l'arrière-plan du tympan. Le sculpteur a gravé deux inscriptions partiellement effacées :
autour du tympan : JOHES VII ECCLIIS QUE SUNT IN [ASIA VIDI]T FILII HO[MINIS IN]TER VII CANDELABRA AUREA
et sur le mince linteau : PRINCIPIU SINE PRINCIPIO FINIS SINE FINE
sur l'étole portée par le Christ : ZONA AUREA (ceinture d'or).
Le tympan est entouré de quatre voussures dont le style est inspiré de la Saintonge voisine. En partant de l'extérieur :
la partie extérieure de la voussure extérieure est décorée avec une chaîne formée de losanges. La partie intérieure est décorée avec une série de figures humaines. À gauche, deux hommes vêtus de tuniques longues ; l'un des hommes a transpercé la tête d'un lion ou d'un monstre avec une lance, l'autre homme est dans un cartouche formé d'une tige qui se poursuit dans les autres voussoirs ; ensuite un griffon ou un aigle d'inspiration orientale emmêlé dans des lianes, suivi par les six apôtres animés d'un mouvement violent « encordés »[3] représentés d'une manière pictographique, tenant pour la plupart le Livre ou un objet entre ses mains. Au centre de la voussure, le Christ debout et bénissant, sa tête encadrée dans une mandorle, entre deux chérubins à triple paires d'ailes. En descendant vers la droite, après le chérubin, six autres apôtres, puis encore un griffon ou un aigle dans des lianes et, pour terminer, une Vierge à l'Enfant (?).La deuxième voussure commence à gauche avec deux musiciens (joueur de harpe et de vièle), suivis d'un homme qui semble tenir une fruit dans sa main. Ensuite c'est un entrelacs de lianes et d'oiseaux, qui se termine au sud avec un personnage.
La troisième voussure est partagée e deux zones concentriques. La plus extérieure est décorée par de grosses étoiles à quatre branches avec un petit homme à la clé. l'autre est décorée de deux rangs de dents de scie qui se poursuit jusqu'au sol sans interruption.
La quatrième voussure commence avec un personnage au nord suivi d'un entrelacs.
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89glise_Saint-Pierre_de_La_Land...
America the Beautiful: United States Efforts to Conserve Lands and Waters event at the 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP28) in Dubai, United Arab Emirates on December 9, 2023. [State Department Photo/ Public Domain]
Nebraska researchers are collaborating with teams in Illinois and at Princeton to aid crop producers to improve the process of deciding whether or not to irrigate. This project, supported by the USDA, is aimed at saving both financial and water resources. ow.ly/fUId50ydcpB
- @RonnieDGreen on Twitter, Feb. 4, 2020
Founded in 1906, Mesa Verde National Park was created to conserve and protect the Ancestral Puebloan archaeological sites and cliff dwellings within the present-day park on the sides and top of a large tree-covered cuesta, known as Mesa Verde, that rises approximately 1,500 feet (785 meters) above the surrounding canyons and valleys, with rugged canyons cutting through the cuesta, lined with sandstone cliffs and ledges.
The area was inhabited by indigenous people for thousands of years prior to the rise of the Ancestral Puebloan culture, whom developed villages and farmsteads within what is today Mesa Verde National Park beginning around the year 750, with the structures built by the Ancestral Puebloans growing in complexity and durability, especially due to contact with the nearby culture centered around Chaco Canyon. The famous cliff dwellings for which the area is famous, however, were built between approximately 1020 and 1260, especially after a major drought in the region between 1130 and 1180, which led to a major migration of people from Chaco Canyon to Mesa Verde. The people of Chaco Canyon brought their culture, construction techniques, and goods with them, which is evident at archaeological sites on the cuesta.
The area began to depopulate between 1260 and 1285 due to environmental conditions becoming less favorable, with the people of Mesa Verde moving to the lowlands of what is today New Mexico and Arizona, with many founding or joining Pueblo settlements in these regions that still exist today. The stone houses were left to the elements, and were left uninhabited, only remembered by the descendants of the Ancestral Puebloans and the other indigenous groups who called the area home, most notably the Utes.
The ancient ruins were discovered by European-Americans in 1873, and were documented between 1875 and 1888, with various cliff dwellings and archaeological sites being relatively well-preserved and recognizable to explorers, archaeologists, and scientists whom visited the modern-day park. However, the removal of artifacts from the cuesta became a major concern, and efforts began in 1889 to protect the area as a National Park.
The park covers an area of 82 square miles (212 square kilometers), and features multiple Ancestral Puebloan and other indigenous archaeological sites, and was taken from the Ute people, with land being taken from the Utes after the establishment of the park to expand its borders. The park long struggled with proper interpretation and inclusion of the voices of the Puebloan people, whose ancestors built the ancient dwellings and lived at what are today archaeological sites, with work presently ongoing to redress these issues.
The ruins at the park underwent reconstitution and stabilization between 1908 and 1922, with extensive work being done on Spruce Tree House, Cliff Palace, and Sun Temple. Further work was carried out by the New Deal-era Civilian Conservation Corps starting in 1932 and extending through World War II, which included the construction of various park facilities for visitors and staff, and constructing roads atop the cuesta. The Wetherill Mesa ruins, meanwhile, were stabilized with work being carried out between 1958 and 1965, coinciding with the construction of the Far View accommodations atop the cuesta to the east.
The park today features a modern entrance road from US Highway 160, which climbs up the rugged slopes at the north end of the park to the top of the cuesta, stretching across the top of the cuesta to the south, where it connects to various roads that allow visitors to access the overlooks and trails for various cliff dwellings and archaeological sites on Chapin Mesa and Wetherill Mesa. Two areas of tourist accommodation also exist at Far View in the northern section of the park, and the administrative district at Spruce Tree Point at the southern end of the park.
The park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1966, and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978. Today, the park sees over half a million visitors annually, and continues to preserve and maintain the ancient structures built by the Ancestral Puebloans.
This slogan was on all the benches along the pier of San Cristóbal. Who wouldn't want to help conserve an amazing animal like this lazy sea lion!?
Addressing landscape degradation and deforestation is crucial due to their significant environmental, biodiversity, and livelihood impacts. In response, governments and conservation organizations have united to accelerate forest landscape restoration initiatives, leveraging technical expertise and partnerships to promote biodiversity conservation and sustainable land management.
This event will spotlight collaborative efforts and innovative solutions tailored to meet the urgent need for forest landscape restoration action. These include knowledge-sharing and collaborative platforms, programmatic and integrated initiatives, and forest restoration approaches developed through strategic partnerships.
Photo credit must be given: ©FAO/Pilar Valbuena.
Editorial use only. Copyright ©FAO
Conserved motif analysis of Brachypodium MADS-box proteins according to the phylogenetic relationship.Each motif is represented by a number in a colored box. Motif 1 is the MADS-box domain; 2 and 3 are two different components of the K domain; 4 and 20 are I domains; 6 is a 129 amino acid MADS-box domain; 8 is a structure; 5, 7 and 9?19 are unidentified regions. Box length corresponds to motif length. Specific lengths, locations and p-values of each motif can be found in Table S4 in File S1.
There's our pile of electronics. TV, Apple TV, and vidja game consoles. It appears that I can fit even more...
Founded in 1906, Mesa Verde National Park was created to conserve and protect the Ancestral Puebloan archaeological sites and cliff dwellings within the present-day park on the sides and top of a large tree-covered cuesta, known as Mesa Verde, that rises approximately 1,500 feet (785 meters) above the surrounding canyons and valleys, with rugged canyons cutting through the cuesta, lined with sandstone cliffs and ledges.
The area was inhabited by indigenous people for thousands of years prior to the rise of the Ancestral Puebloan culture, whom developed villages and farmsteads within what is today Mesa Verde National Park beginning around the year 750, with the structures built by the Ancestral Puebloans growing in complexity and durability, especially due to contact with the nearby culture centered around Chaco Canyon. The famous cliff dwellings for which the area is famous, however, were built between approximately 1020 and 1260, especially after a major drought in the region between 1130 and 1180, which led to a major migration of people from Chaco Canyon to Mesa Verde. The people of Chaco Canyon brought their culture, construction techniques, and goods with them, which is evident at archaeological sites on the cuesta.
The area began to depopulate between 1260 and 1285 due to environmental conditions becoming less favorable, with the people of Mesa Verde moving to the lowlands of what is today New Mexico and Arizona, with many founding or joining Pueblo settlements in these regions that still exist today. The stone houses were left to the elements, and were left uninhabited, only remembered by the descendants of the Ancestral Puebloans and the other indigenous groups who called the area home, most notably the Utes.
The ancient ruins were discovered by European-Americans in 1873, and were documented between 1875 and 1888, with various cliff dwellings and archaeological sites being relatively well-preserved and recognizable to explorers, archaeologists, and scientists whom visited the modern-day park. However, the removal of artifacts from the cuesta became a major concern, and efforts began in 1889 to protect the area as a National Park.
The park covers an area of 82 square miles (212 square kilometers), and features multiple Ancestral Puebloan and other indigenous archaeological sites, and was taken from the Ute people, with land being taken from the Utes after the establishment of the park to expand its borders. The park long struggled with proper interpretation and inclusion of the voices of the Puebloan people, whose ancestors built the ancient dwellings and lived at what are today archaeological sites, with work presently ongoing to redress these issues.
The ruins at the park underwent reconstitution and stabilization between 1908 and 1922, with extensive work being done on Spruce Tree House, Cliff Palace, and Sun Temple. Further work was carried out by the New Deal-era Civilian Conservation Corps starting in 1932 and extending through World War II, which included the construction of various park facilities for visitors and staff, and constructing roads atop the cuesta. The Wetherill Mesa ruins, meanwhile, were stabilized with work being carried out between 1958 and 1965, coinciding with the construction of the Far View accommodations atop the cuesta to the east.
The park today features a modern entrance road from US Highway 160, which climbs up the rugged slopes at the north end of the park to the top of the cuesta, stretching across the top of the cuesta to the south, where it connects to various roads that allow visitors to access the overlooks and trails for various cliff dwellings and archaeological sites on Chapin Mesa and Wetherill Mesa. Two areas of tourist accommodation also exist at Far View in the northern section of the park, and the administrative district at Spruce Tree Point at the southern end of the park.
The park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1966, and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978. Today, the park sees over half a million visitors annually, and continues to preserve and maintain the ancient structures built by the Ancestral Puebloans.