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It is great to have a small getaway trip with my high school friends. The last time I skied in Whistler was many years ago. Most of the time, my friends and I would go to Big White as it was much cheaper to book a condo there.
This is also my first time bringing a camera to ski with me. I was thinking to bring two lenses with me (XF16-55 and XF50-140mm). Unfortunately, my backpack was too big for the chairlift so I decided to bring a sling bag with one lens. In the end, I made the right choice of bringing XF50-140mm. It provided so much reach to get the shots I wanted.
Location: Whistler, BC
Rescanned at higher resolution with better colour and image quality
50 009 Conqueror passes Wayford with 1O38, the 11:05 Exeter St Davids - Portsmouth Harbour
I saw this little man when he twirl around on top of the hill. It seems he wanted to embrace the world ;-)
In Aperture, I added a preset called "milky-shadows-and-vintage-texture" by Andrea Rusky
presetpond.com/tag/andrea-rusky/
Read more on www.annelling.nl/presets-voor-apple-aperture/ (Dutch)
The foremost time traveler in the Marvel Universe and arguably the Avengers greatest foe, Kang has amassed an empire with a citizenry of millions, and cut a swath of terror through the ages.
Extremadura cradle of conquerors
Autores: Thomas J. Abercrombie
Localización: National geographic, ISSN 0027-9358, Vol. 179, Nº. 4, 1991, págs. 116-134
► VER ARTÍCULO bit.ly/2LPusfu
+++ DISCLAIMER +++
Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based on historical facts. BEWARE!
Some background:
As an island nation, Japan’s highest priorities for research in World War II were its navy and aviation industries. The army was large, but its military equipment could not match rival European counterparts who had stronger ground forces. Japan did not use heavy tanks, and an examination of the most advanced mass-produced Japanese vehicle—the Type 97 Chi-Ha—shows it lighter, smaller and with worse armament than its contemporaries: the Soviet T-34, German Pz.Kpfw IV and US M4 Sherman.
The reason that Japan did not develop heavier tanks was not the result of military incompetence, but rather of logistics: Japan was fighting for control of small Pacific islands. All vehicles and equipment had to be transported by sea, onto island terrain not suitable for using heavy vehicles; where designs were concerned, lighter was better! At the time, China, the only major mainland rival of Japan, did not have good armor or anti-armor capabilities, so the existing Japanese vehicles were deemed acceptable for the task at hand. Additionally, except for battle ships, the Japanese industry did not have much experience with the production of heavier tanks, and the respective tools were also not present.
On December 7, 1941, Japan bombed Pearl Harbor and went to war with the USA. They achieved several early victories, invading the Philippines, multiple islands of Oceania, and part of New Guinea. The Allies were hard-pressed to keep up.
During their domination in the Pacific region, the Japanese created a defensive perimeter using islands as strongholds. The Americans and other allied forces began to hit back. In June 1942, the Japanese lost four aircraft carriers during the Battle of Midway, and US forces slugged it out for six months during the Battle of Guadalcanal before emerging victorious in February 1943. Similar to Stalingrad in the East these two battles deprived Japan of the strategic initiative, and their defensive perimeter fell under attack, island by island. The Allied forces were nearing the Japanese Home Islands.
In June 1943, Japan's ambassador visited one of the Wehrmacht's heavy tank detachments. He was very impressed by the huge tiger. Germany and the Kaiserreich made a deal. Allies help each other. Anyone who has a particularly effective new weapon passes information about it to the army of the country that is fighting at least one common enemy. This is exactly what happened in the Third Reich between June 1943 and autumn 1944. The Japanese embassy in Berlin had concluded from press reports about the unsuccessful battles by German troops in Tunisia, which ultimately ended with a surrender, that the Wehrmacht had a new super tank. So, Ambassador General Hiroshi Oshima asked to see this new weapon - after all, the Japanese Empire was fighting against the USA, if not against Stalin's Soviet Union. On June 7, 1943, he personally visited the German front in front of Leningrad with a few adjutants. That was unusual; Actually, such a mission would have been more the task of a military attaché - although Oshima had already been in Berlin from 1934 to 1938. He also spoke perfect German and was friends with Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop.
The Wehrmacht had had a stranglehold on the former Russian capital since autumn 1941; conquering them was one of the main goals of Army Group North, especially of 18th Army. This is one of the reasons why the 1st Company of the 502nd Heavy Tank Battalion remained in Siewersi, around 70 kilometers south of Leningrad city center. It was one of the detachments with the new Tiger tanks. Commanded by Oberleutnant Klaus Diehls, the 1st company had only one Tiger ready for action after heavy fighting around Schlüsselburg in January 1943, but by the beginning of June they received new vehicles as supplies, so that the unit again had 14 Panzer VIs at its disposal - the was the nominal strength after the regrouping to a pure Tiger company. A day after the arrival of the new vehicles, the Japanese military delegation, accompanied by Colonel General Georg Lindemann, the commander of the 18th Army, Klaus Diehls, the heavy tanks demonstrated their capabilities to the high-ranking guests, and Oshima was even allowed to take the commander's seat of a tiger. The ambassador was deeply impressed by the sheer power of the tank.
Oshima knew that the Japanese tanks could not match the firepower and protection of the models in the European theater of war. In 1943 the most modern model was the Type 1 Chi-He, which with a weight of 17.5 tons, a 47 mm gun and an output of 240 hp was just about the same as a German Panzer III from 1940. However, this was not due to any incompetence on the part of Japanese engineers - their specifications were simply different: Since the empire wanted to expand its sphere of influence far into the Pacific, ship portability was an essential criterion when developing its own armored vehicles.
However, since the Japanese defeat in the Battle of Midway in June 1942, the US Marines increasingly used Sherman tanks during the fierce fighting for individual Pacific islands. This medium combat vehicle was clearly superior to the German Panzer III and, depending on the version, roughly equivalent to the Panzer IV; Shooting down Japanese models was no problem at all for its 75mm gun. So, in Japan there was the idea of replicating the most modern German tanks and transporting them to the occupied Pacific islands that had not yet been attacked, in order to stop or at least slow down the advance of the marines.
The time for an indigenous development, so the calculation, could be saved if the Japanese industry simply copied or license-built operational models from Germany. The Japanese delegation was particularly impressed by the firepower of the German “Acht-Achter”, the Tiger's 88 mm gun. With such a weapon it should be possible to stop the Marines' Shermans.
A few weeks later, in July 1943, Oshima and his companions visited the Henschel tank factory in Kassel. Here he had the production of the German super tank explained in detail, experienced a demonstration at the test site near Wilhelmsthal Castle and also viewed a specimen of the new medium-heavy German tank, the Panther. Presumably, the German side rather concealed the weaknesses of the Tiger, which had already become apparent during the first operations in 1942/43: the vertical armor of the hull at the front and the sides was unnecessarily vulnerable. The engine was undersized, the weight too high for many routes and the speed off-road at a maximum of 20 kilometers per hour too low. While the Henschel engineers were developing the successor to the Tiger I, logically called Tiger II, to production maturity in the second half of 1943, the Japanese embassy was negotiating with the Wehrmacht about the delivery of the Tiger I.
In 1943, Germany sent Japan two packages of technical documentation, but Japan also wanted to purchase the tank and import vehicles to Japan by submarine. The cost to produce a Tiger was around 300,000 Reichsmarks in 1943, while the Ministry of Armaments and the Henschel Company requested 645,000 Reichsmarks from the Japanese for a fully loaded tank. The Germans had not simply decided to “cash in” on oversea allies: the cost of technical documentation was also included into the amount; and the tank would be supplied with ammunition, an excellent radio, and optics. Also, Germany was prepared to disassemble and pack the thirty-ton tank for shipment to Japan.
The Allies commanded the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic, so underwater shipping was the only way to get the Tiger to Japan, but few vessels could carry a bulky 30-ton tank hull. The only option were Japanese submarine aircraft carriers that had corresponding characteristics, namely the IJN’s I-400-class submarines. These were the largest submarines of World War II and remained the largest ever built until the construction of nuclear ballistic missile submarines in the 1960s. Measuring more than 120 m (390 ft) long overall, they displaced 5,900 t (6,500 short tons), more than double their typical American contemporaries. The cross-section of its pressure hull had a unique figure-of-eight shape which afforded the necessary strength and stability to handle the weight of a large on-deck aircraft hangar. To allow stowage of three aircraft along the vessel's centerline, the conning tower was offset to port. Located approximately amidships on the top deck was a cylindrical watertight aircraft hangar, 31 m (102 ft) long and 3.5 m (11 ft) in diameter. The outer access door could be opened hydraulically from within or manually from the outside by turning a large hand-wheel connected to a rack and spur gear. The door was made waterproof with a 51-millimetre-thick (2.0 in) rubber gasket.
The I-400 class was designed with the range to travel anywhere in the world and return. A fleet of 18 boats was planned in 1942, and work started on the first in January 1943 at the Kure, Hiroshima arsenal. However, within a year the plan was scaled back to just five ships, and this fleet hardly had any practical value in the aircraft carrier role except for long-range reconnaissance or special strike missions, so that they were frequently used for underwater transport of heavy/bulky items – including the disassembled Tiger I tank!
With this highly limited logistics option, the Tiger tanks had trouble reaching Japan at all. Most optimistic estimates put its arrival in December of 1944. Despite many difficulties, the first tank for Japan was sent to a Bordeaux port in February 1944, and the Japanese paid for the order: officially coming into possession of the Tiger, but not able to use or reverse engineer it. Until summer of 1944, when the Allies landed in Normandy, only a handful of Tiger Is had been sent to Japan through I-400 submarines, re-assembled and put into IJA service, where they were designated Type 99 ‘To-Ra’.
The To-Ra was, even though it looked like the German Tiger I, a unique variant that differed from its ancestor. The hull was the same, with the same level of overall armor, but apparently the “export Tigers” were produced with hardened steel of lower quality than the German tanks, saving material and money. The running gear was simplified, too; it had only twelve wheels instead of the Tiger I’s original arrangement of sixteen interleaved wheels and used the rubber-saving all-metal wheels that were often retrofitted to German tanks during field repairs. The commander cupola on top of the turret was the new, standardized cast model (the same one that was used on the Panzer V Panther, too) that was introduced on late-production Tiger Is; it was easier to produce and offered a better field of view than the Tiger’s early welded “dustbin” model. Another small difference were all-metal drive wheels, another sign of the use of steel with less quality, and the export tanks were not – like late German production Tiger Is – watertight and not capable of deep-fording anymore.
The tanks for Japan mostly retained the original German equipment, including the radio set, optics, engine and the powerful 8.8 cm KwK 36. However, the gun was outfitted with a simpler and slightly longer single-piece L/71 barrel (instead of the original L/56 two-piece barrel), and the machine guns were not fitted upon delievery; they were, upon re-assembly in Japan, replaced with Japanese 7.7mm Type 97 light machine guns. Another, visible domestic modification was the installation of a rigid frame radio antenna on the turret instead of the European whip antenna on the rear hull.
In September 1944, with a worsening control situation in France, the submarine transfers were moved to other ports under German control. However, they ceased altogether in late 1944, due to the worsening war situation, logistics problems, the general dangers of the long naval travel and the increasing lack of fuel to support the deliveries in both Germany and Japan. All in all, probably less than twenty Tiger I tanks reached Japan. All were re-assembled, but only a little more than a dozen became fully operational and ready for combat.
The Type 99 was exclusively allocated to home defense units, where it would have been a powerful asset. They were based on the southern Japanese mainland, waiting for the Allied invasion (operation Olympic), but it never came. Most of the time the Tigers were just used to train crews, or they were enlisted for PR appearances, boosting morale and confusing the enemy with potential massive resistance and firepower.
The To-Ras was, however, due to their sheer bulk and weight, very limited. The Japanese Tigers were relatively immobile and could not be transferred to the continental Japanese colonies, where they were direly needed and where the might have had some impact: When the Soviets invaded Manchuria in August 1945, they found an impressive Japanese tank force, at least on the paper, but a deep ravine separated the IJA and Soviet types. The latter had constantly improved their models in response to German tanks, and were much more advanced in speed, firepower, and protection than the average IJA models, which were light and/or obsolete by any standards of the time. The To-Ra/Tigers would have been a match, even a serious threat at long distance, but they were too few and stuck in homeland defense, so that their overall contribution was negligible. In fact, no Japanese Tiger fired in anger until the end of the war.
Specifications:
Crew: Five (commander, gunner, loader, driver, radio operator)
Weight: 54 tonnes (60 short tons) empty,
57 tonnes (63 short tons) combat weight
Length: 6.32 m (20 ft 8.7 in)
8.85 m (29 ft) overall with gun facing forward
Width: 3.56 m (11 ft 8 in)
Height: 3.00 m (9 ft 10 in)
Ground clearance: 0.47 m (1 ft 7 in)
Suspension: Torsion bar, interleaved road wheels
Fuel capacity: 540 liters
Armor:
25–120 mm (0.98–4.72 in)
Performance:
Maximum speed: 45.4 km/h (28.2 mph) on roads
20–25 km/h (12–16 mph) cross country
Operational range: 195 km (121 mi) on road
110 km (68 mi) cross country
Power/weight: 13 PS (9.5 kW) / tonne
Engine & transmission:
Maybach HL230 P45 V-12 petrol engine with 700 PS (690 hp, 515 kW),
Maybach Olvar Typ OG 40 12 16 gearbox (8 forward and 4 reverse)
Armament:
1× 1× 8.8 cm KwK 36 L/71 with 92 AP and HE rounds
2× 7.7mm Type 97 light machine guns with a total of 4,800 rounds
The kit and its assembly:
This rather romantic what-if model is an interpretation of the real historic desire of Japan to obtain the Tiger I from Germany, and there are actually OOB model kits of this oddity available (e .g. from Border Models in 1:35). However, I am not a big fan of the Tiger I – it looks like a box with tracks and a bulky turret on top, very uninspired. Well, I had a Hasegawa 1:72 Tiger I kit in The Stash™, which I only had bought a while ago because it came with an extra set of road wheels, which had already gone into another conversion problem. The IJA Tiger, aptly called “To-Ra” (which means “Tiger” in Japanese, AFAIK), offered a good story to finally build the leftover kit – even though constructing a plausible background story how this heavy tank might have shown up in Japan called for some serious imagination!
That said, the very simple kit was built almost OOB, using the kit’s late production rubber-saving all-metal wheels and an optional roof top with the late, cast commander cupola. I also used one of the kit’s optional gun mantlets and implanted a longer, single-piece 8.8cm gun barrel from an early-production Jagdpanther (Armorfast), for a slightly different look. For more “Japanism” I scratched a frame antenna from steel wire and sprue material. It's just a small change, but with the antenna the tank looks quite different now, and it has a retro touch?
However, mounting the road wheels turned out to be a bit tricky. The featureless “inner” set of wheels needed its central holes to be considerably widened to fit onto their respective swing arms, and the “outer” wheels lack deep holes on their backs, so that the area that holds them on the swing arm tips(!) is very limited. Everything appears über-tight, all in all a wobbly affair, even though I understand that the Tiger I’s running gear is a complex thing to depict and construct in 1:72. However, I have built the Trumpeter counterpart of this model, and it was much easier to assemble and robust.
Painting and markings:
The more exotic aspect of the model, and I applied a typical IJA paint scheme from earlier war periods – one with the famous yellow contrast stripes, which were probably in real life more subdued than frequently depicted. The four-tone camouflage consists of Humbrol 160 for the “cha-iro” red brown, Humbrol 30 for “midori-iro” (dark green), a mix of Humbrol 155 and 121 for a greenish variant of the light IJA khaki, and Humbrol 81 (Pale Yellow) for the contrast stripes.
The black vinyl tracks were painted with a streaky mix of grey, red brown and some silver.
The markings were applied after an overall washing with dark brown acrylic paint; they were improvised and are purely fictional, even though the white flash icon appeared AFAIK on tanks of the unit the model depicts. The Japanese flags are further romantic geegaw – even though such markings apparently appeared on late-war IJN tanks.
After the decals the model received an overall treatment with dry-brushed dark earth and beige, and some bare metal marks with silver. As final steps, the model was sealed with matt acrylic varnish, assembled, and then lightly dusted with mineral artist pigments around the lower areas.
A rather simple project – something that might make World of Warcraft nerds nervous? The frame antenna was the biggest modeling challenge, the running gear a nuisance. But finding a halfway plausible explanation how even a small number of Tiger I tanks from Germany could appear in Japan at all was a bigger one! However, the result looks surprisingly convincing, and the IJA paint scheme suits the boxy Tiger I well, it looks very natural under the false flag, And I am happy that I eventually found a use for the leftover kit! :-D
Adventures make us what we really do not think of ourselves. A new being whose strength was not challenged before. His desire to conquer the highest is unbelievable. People sometimes engage in these activities because of boredom or to test their limits. It is not a rat race so no major emphasis being given on number one or number two ratings. Fun is different.
Hiking is one sport that is not like any other sport. In a conventional sports-field we have opponents and match officials. Opponents that we look for and officials who look for fouls and fair-play. We always try to beat our opponents and then not to get caught in referee's handbook. There are penalties for misconduct like yellow or red cards. But who else is to blame?
The first step to Hiking is to start your journey. It is always advisable to start with easier and smaller things to gain the confidence. Then slowly, one can take a giant stride towards future and move on to the next level. Learning is most important. It is common to pick injuries while hiking in the mountains. And the cure is to learn lessons from past mistakes.
Be for whatever reasons, the future of hiking is up. The whole concept has got more than one meaning, which is to kill many fears along the path.
Taken: A small Hike in Evening, beside River Kunhar & Jalkhad, Kaghan Valley, Pakistan.
Location-Thursta
Tresh log:
We're now on the planet.The landing was'nt really hard.Now, we need to destroy a big CIS base, and take the control of the planet with the help of the 247th corp. It seems pretty simple.
Tresh:"Okay boys! Let's go !"
Gale:"There is no droids here!"
Tresh:" Wait a minute, we will find some clankers"
Dan:" Sir!! Look! There is two dead clones"
Gale:" Incomming droids!"
Tresh: "Take battle position! Fire!!!"
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This is a new MOC, with new figs.
Special thanks to British Bricks to teach me some stuff
I thought I'd commemorate Ryan's victory over cancer yesterday evening with a few shots of him kissing his lovely wife, my best friend Kate. I've never seen a truer example of love giving you the strength to conquer anything life hands you. So unspeakably thankful to have these two in my life.
Kate and Ryan are the family we chose for ourselves. When we're old and gray and can hardly hear each other talk, we'll still be sharing laughs over beers and euchre. And that makes me happy beyond comprehension.
The ocean was calm enough Saturday that there were SCUBA divers everywhere, going out to the kelp beds to look for fish. These men left from Benni's beach, the ones I showed yesterday dived off a boat.
In the year 858 AD the Vikings, with a fleet of more than 60 ships commanded by Hastings and Björn Jaernside, son of the legendary Ragnar Lodbrog, went around the Iberian peninsula, reached the village of Orihuela in eastern Spain and conquered its castle. At that historical moment most of the peninsula was dominated by Muslims who saw with disbelief the arrival of these northern warriors.
Based on this historical moment The Brickstons along with several friends of the LUG ALE built this diorama of the Vikings reaching a village in the south-east of Spain. The diorama was presented at the ALEBricks event held on June 2nd and 3rd, 2018.
The Brickstons Group: Alfonso Abeger (FonsoSac), Pepi Blas, Julio César Cedena, Domingo Hidalgo, Luis López, Emiliano Martínez (Legófito), Victor Martínez (Loko / Nouvilas) and their friends: César Ivan Acero, Luismi Bartolomé, Juan Manuel Boillos, Antonio J. Fernández (Lord Jerome), David Horcajada y David Valderrama have taken part in the diorama.
You can see all the photos inthe album Viking Attack
There is a video with the details: youtu.be/SXz05MJafDg
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En el año 858 d.C. los vikingos con una flota de más de 60 barcos al mando de Hastings y Björn Jaernside, hijo del legendario Ragnar Lodbrog, rodearon la península Ibérica, llegaron hasta la población de Orihuela en el este de España y tomaron su castillo. En ese momento histórico la mayor parte de la península estaba dominada por los musulmanes que veían con incredulidad la llegada de estos guerreros del norte.
Basándose este momento histórico Los Brickstons junto con varios amigos del LUG ALE construyen este diorama de los vikingos llegando a una población en el sur-este de España. El diorama fue presentado en el evento ALEBricks celebrado los días 2 y 3 de junio de 2018.
En el diorama han participado Los Brickstons: Alfonso Abeger (FonsoSac), Pepi Blas, Julio César Cedena, Domingo Hidalgo, Luis López, Emiliano Martínez (Legófito) y Victor Martínez (Loko / Nouvilas) y sus amigos: César Ivan Acero, Luismi Bartolomé, Juan Manuel Boillos, Antonio J. Fernández (Lord Jerome), David Horcajada y David Valderrama.
Puedes ver todas las fotos en el album Viking Attack
Let me not pray to be sheltered from
Dangers but to be fearless in facing them.
Let me not beg for the stilling of my pain
But for the heart to conquer it.
Let me not look for allies in life's
Battlefield but to my own strength.
Let me not crave in anxious fear to
Be saved but hope for the patience to
Win my freedom.
Grant me that I may not be a
Coward, feeling your mercy in my
Success alone; but let me find the grasp
Of your hand in my failure.
Fruit Gathering by Rabindranath Tagore
Decided to climb Eston Nab to get a few shots of Teeside from this stately view point. Unfortunately the weather decided not to play ball. Great day out mate.
Voronezh is a city and the administrative centre of Voronezh Oblast in southwestern Russia straddling the Voronezh River, located 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) from where it flows into the Don River. The city sits on the Southeastern Railway, which connects western Russia with the Urals and Siberia, the Caucasus and Ukraine, and the M4 highway (Moscow–Voronezh–Rostov-on-Don–Novorossiysk). In recent years the city has experienced rapid population growth, rising in 2021 to 1,057,681, up from 889,680 recorded in the 2010 Census, making it the 14th-most populous city in the country.
For many years, the hypothesis of the Soviet historian Vladimir Zagorovsky dominated: he produced the toponym "Voronezh" from the hypothetical Slavic personal name Voroneg. This man allegedly gave the name of a small town in the Chernigov Principality (now the village of Voronizh in Ukraine). Later, in the 11th or 12th century, the settlers were able to "transfer" this name to the Don region, where they named the second city Voronezh, and the river got its name from the city. However, now many researchers criticize the hypothesis, since in reality neither the name of Voroneg nor the second city was revealed, and usually the names of Russian cities repeated the names of the rivers, but not vice versa.
A comprehensive scientific analysis was conducted in 2015–2016 by the historian Pavel Popov. His conclusion: "Voronezh" is a probable Slavic macrotoponym associated with outstanding signs of nature, has a root voron- (from the proto-Slavic vorn) in the meaning of "black, dark" and the suffix -ezh (-azh, -ozh). It was not “transferred” and in the 8th - 9th centuries it marked a vast territory covered with black forests (oak forests) - from the mouth of the Voronezh river to the Voronozhsky annalistic forests in the middle and upper reaches of the river, and in the west to the Don (many forests were cut down). The historian believes that the main "city" of the early town-planning complex could repeat the name of the region – Voronezh. Now the hillfort is located in the administrative part of the modern city, in the Voronezh upland oak forest. This is one of Europe's largest ancient Slavic hillforts, the area of which – more than 9 hectares – 13 times the area of the main settlement in Kyiv before the baptism of Rus.
In it is assumed that the word "Voronezh" means bluing - a technique to increase the corrosion resistance of iron products. This explanation fits well with the proximity to the ancient city of Voronezh of a large iron deposit and the city of Stary Oskol. As well as the name of Voroneț Monastery known for its blue shade.
Folk etymology claims the name comes from combining the Russian words for raven (ворон) and hedgehog (еж) into Воронеж. According to this explanation two Slavic tribes named after the animals used this combination to name the river which later in turn provided the name for a settlement. There is not believed to be any scientific support for this explanation.
In the 16th century, the Middle Don basin, including the Voronezh river, was gradually conquered by Muscovy from the Nogai Horde (a successor state of the Golden Horde), and the current city of Voronezh was established in 1585 by Feodor I as a fort protecting the Muravsky Trail trade route against the slave raids of the Nogai and Crimean Tatars. The city was named after the river.
17th to 19th centuries
In the 17th century, Voronezh gradually evolved into a sizable town. Weronecz is shown on the Worona river in Resania in Joan Blaeu's map of 1645. Peter the Great built a dockyard in Voronezh where the Azov Flotilla was constructed for the Azov campaigns in 1695 and 1696. This fleet, the first ever built in Russia, included the first Russian ship of the line, Goto Predestinatsia. The Orthodox diocese of Voronezh was instituted in 1682 and its first bishop, Mitrofan of Voronezh, was later proclaimed the town's patron saint.
Owing to the Voronezh Admiralty Wharf, for a short time, Voronezh became the largest city of South Russia and the economic center of a large and fertile region. In 1711, it was made the seat of the Azov Governorate, which eventually morphed into the Voronezh Governorate.
In the 19th century, Voronezh was a center of the Central Black Earth Region. Manufacturing industry (mills, tallow-melting, butter-making, soap, leather, and other works) as well as bread, cattle, suet, and the hair trade developed in the town. A railway connected Voronezh with Moscow in 1868 and Rostov-on-Don in 1871.
on the third floor of an abandoned flour mill, the ragged remains of the machinary rot away in the attic.
An Earl and a Duchess, or rather a Castle and a Coronation Class, a slightly odd pairing. The return leg of a Vintage Trains railtour to Carlisle head back to Tyseley, The Cumbrian Conqueror Tour.
GWR 5043 Earl of Mount Edgcumbe leads 46233, Duchess of Sutherland over the River Weaver on Dutton Viaduct on the WCML, Saturday 15.6.13
The Commando Memorial is a monument in the Scottish Highlands, dedicated to the men of the original British Commando Forces raised during World War II. Situated around a mile from Spean Bridge village, it overlooks the training areas of the Commando Training Depot established in 1942 at Achnacarry Castle.
It was unveiled in 1952 by the Queen Mother, and has become one of Scotland's best-known monuments, both as a war memorial and as a tourist attraction offering views of Ben Nevis and Aonach Mòr.
"United we conquer" is inscribed around the top of the stone plinth, while the original plaque on the stone plinth reads: "In memory of the officers and men of the commandos who died in the Second World War 1939–1945. This country was their training ground."