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JASON ZWEIG, when asked: What scientific concept would improve everybody's cognitive toolkit?
"Creativity is a fragile flower, but perhaps it can be fertilized with systematic doses of serendipity."
www.edge.org/q2011/q11_2.html#zweig
Jan. 9 UPDATE: Note that I spent so long on this doodle that I was unable to doodle for 6 days. That's not really allowing myself time for structured serendipity, is it!?
Depression treatment: Need, behaviour therapy, cognitive therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy, family therapy & Medication
Despite the high rates of depression in children (10 to 14% lifetime prevalence) studies show that less than half of them receive help for their problems.
In fact only 7% of adolescents who committed suicide had received any kind of prior help. This is largely due to it being unrecognized and to some extent under acknowledged. We adults cannot believe that children can be depressed.
Memory loss is not an inevitable part of the ageing process
The brain is capable of producing new brain cells at any age, so significant memory loss is not an inevitable result of ageing. But just as it is with muscle strength, you have to use it or lose it. Your lifestyle, health habits, and daily activities have a huge impact on the health of your brain. Whatever your age, there are many ways you can improve your cognitive skills, prevent memory loss, and protect your grey matter.
Furthermore, many mental abilities are largely unaffected by normal ageing, such as:
Your ability to do the things you’ve always done and continue to do often
The wisdom and knowledge you’ve acquired from life experience
Your innate common sense
Your ability to form reasonable arguments and judgements
Brain exercises to combat memory loss
When it comes to memory, it’s “use it or lose it.” Just as physical exercise can make and keep your body stronger, mental exercise can make your brain work better and lower the risk of mental decline. Try to find brain exercises that you find enjoyable. If you dislike what you’re doing, it won’t have the same benefit. The more pleasurable an activity is to you, the more powerful its effect will be on your brain. You can make some activities more enjoyable by appealing to your senses—by playing music during the exercise, for example, or lighting a scented candle, or rewarding yourself after you’ve finished.
Here are some ideas for brain exercise, from light workouts to heavy lifting:
Play games you are not already familiar with that involve strategy, like chess or bridge, and word games like Scrabble.
Try crossword and other word puzzles, or number puzzles such as Sudoku.
Read newspapers, magazines, and books that challenge you.
Get in the habit of learning new things: games, recipes, driving routes, a musical instrument, a foreign language.
Take a course in an unfamiliar subject that interests you. The more interested and engaged your brain, the more likely you’ll be to continue learning and the greater the benefits you’ll experience.
Take on a project that involves design and planning, such as a new garden, a quilt, or a koi pond.
Walking: An easy way to fight memory loss
New research indicates that walking six to nine miles every week can prevent brain shrinkage and memory loss. According to the American Academy of Neurology, older adults who walked between six and nine miles per week had more gray matter in their brains nine years after the start of the study than people who didn't walk as much.
USD 8.72-12.47/pieceUSD 17.47/pieceUSD 18.72/pieceUSD 13.72/pieceUSD 13.72/pieceUSD 13.72/pieceUSD 13.72/pieceUSD 13.72/piece Name: Kids Animals Wooden Puzzle Condition:100% Brand New and High quality Color:As photos Gender:Unisex Suit for : >3 years old Material:Wood Feathers: ...
3dpuzzle.top/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Bear-Early-Learni...
3dpuzzle.top/bear-early-learning-education-3d-puzzle-jags...
"Everything is human responsability.
The atom and the hydrogen bombs are cognitive entities. The bing bang, or whatever we claim from our present praxis of living gave origin to physical versum, is a cognitive entity, an explanation of the praxis of living of the observer bound to the ontology of observing. Our happening of living takes place regardless of our explanations, but its course becomes contingent upon our explanations as they become part of the domain of existence in which we conserve organization and adaptation through our structural drifts. Our living takes place in structural coupling with the world that we bring forth, and the world that we bring forth is our doing as observers in language as we operate in structural coupling in it in the praxis of living. We cannot do anything outside our domains of structural coupling; we cannot do anything outside our domains of cognition; we cannot do anything outside our domains of languaging. This is why nothing that we do as human beings is trivial. Everything that we do becomes part of the world that we live as we bring it forth as social entities in language. Human responsability in the multiversa is total. "
from: Ontology of Observing
THE BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SELF CONSCIOUSNESS AND
THE PHYSICAL DOMAIN OF EXISTENCE
Humberto R. Maturana
A neighborhood center for the economic development
Villatina neighborhood- comuna 8
Medellín-Colombia.
Iván D Castrillón E
David Puerta Carmona
By project-Rethinking Informality
Estrategies of urban space co-production
Universidad nacional de Colombia- Massachusetts institute of Technology MIT
This diagram has been designed to illustrate the links between 3 theoretical perspectives of learning and how they could be linked to eLearning.
The list of eLearning options is not supposed to be exhaustive.
Also some of the tools could easily be designed by an educator, or used by a learner in a variety of ways, and therefore appear in more than one of the theory segments. For example, an interactive scenario, if it were an ill-defined contextualised problem, with no 'right' answer, and designed to be worked on by a group of learners, then it would shift from Cognitive to Situative.
If you feel I have missed anything, or can think of ways that the diagram could be improved, please leave me comments below :) thank you.
New protein-blocking drug could halt age-related memory loss.
A blood protein that increases in abundance as we age and has been linked to cognitive decline and memory loss, and researchers suspect that by blocking its activity, we could halt the kind of mental degeneration that leads to dementia.
The protein in question is known as beta-2 micro globulin (B2M), and its primary role is to identify potentially dangerous foreign cells in the blood and signal the immune system to attack them. But recent studies have found that the B2M proteins in the brain act a little differently - they can actually influence how the brain develops, how nerve cell communication is shaped, and possibly even behaviour. And now researchers in the US have found that by blocking B2M activity in old mice, they could restore their memory function and learning abilities to rival those of a young mouse.
The team, from UC San Francisco and Stanford University’s School of Medicine, decided to follow up on the results of a separate Stanford study conducted in 2014 in which old mice were given the blood of new mice, and showed signs of improved learning ability. Further research revealed that prior to receiving the young blood, these old mice had ‘pro-ageing factors’ in their blood that blocked the process of neurogenesis, which facilitates memory function.
The idea was to investigate these pro-ageing factors, and figure out whether they could be blocked or reversed, to stop age-related mental decline. "I think there are two ways we can improve or reverse the hallmarks of ageing," one of the team, Saul A. Villeda from UC San Francisco, told Ian Sample at The Guardian. "One of them is to administer pro-youthful factors, but the other is to target these pro-ageing factors."
Villeda and his colleagues focussed on B2M because a number of studies in the past have linked high levels of the protein with cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease, HIV-associated dementia, and severe cases of kidney disease. It has also been confirmed that B2M levels increase with age in both the blood and brains of mice and humans.
To test its effect, they first injected B2M into the blood and brains of healthy, young mice, effectively mimicking levels of the protein seen naturally in old mice. The young mice were then put through a number of memory and cognitive ability tests, such as navigating a complex water maze. The team found that the increased levels of B2M significantly affected the young mice’s ability to solve the maze, particularly when it was injected directly into the brain’s circulatory system. The process of neurogenesis was also suppressed in these mice.
"Young animals are really good at this. They will make perhaps one or two mistakes over the course of three trials, Villeda told The Guardian. "But when you give them B2M, they’ll make perhaps five mistakes. It’s a striking difference."
Next, the team worked with mice that had been genetically engineered to block the activity of BSM in both the blood and the brain’s circulatory system. They found that when these mice received the B2M injections and were put to the test, there was no negative effect on their cognitive or memory functions, or neurogenesis. And mice bred with no B2M at all actually performed better in the tests than the control group of young, healthy mice, and showed no signs of mental decline well into old age. "When we looked at the older animals, they were much smarter. They did not develop the same kinds of memory impairments. I was really surprised," Villeda told The Guardian.
Reporting the results in Nature Medicine, Villeda and his colleagues said the effect of heightened B2M could even be reversed, which is great news for the prospect of developing some sort of age-fighting drug in the future. Thirty days after the mice had their B2M injections and performed terribly in cognitive tests, they went back to performing just as well as the control group.
"From a translational perspective, we are interested in developing antibodies or small molecules to target this protein late in life," Villeda said in a press release. "Since B2M goes up with age in blood, CSF [cerebrospinal fluid in the brain], and also in the brain itself, this allows us multiple avenues in which to target this protein therapeutically."
The next step here is to figure out if there are other factors involved in age-related cognitive decline that might affect how successful B2M-blocking drugs can be, and if the effect of increased levels of B2M is as striking in humans as it appears to be in mice.
"A Beautiful, Cognitive Mess"
Canon 7D
Canon 600EXRT
Yonguno Triggers
Flash on Stand in small Softbox at 45 Deg.
F/9
ISO100
1/15
Flash at 1/4 I believe.
Brain Pills can help Protect Your Memory and Tap Your Brain’s Potential.
Increase Your Memory
Boost Cognitive Skills
Focus Effectively
Be More Productive
Have Faster Recall and More
For more details about BrainPill click here www.young-again.eu/natural-brain-pills.htm
NIH has renewed its commitment to the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study for an additional seven years. ABCD is the largest long-term study of brain development and child health ever conducted in the United States. Launched in 2015, the study is following 11,750 children, including 2,100 who are twins or triplets, for at least 10 years starting at ages 9 to 10.⠀
In this image: This figure represents functional organization of the 9-10-year-old brain, averaged across 1,166 individuals. Each color represents a distinct set of brain areas.
Read more: www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/landmark-study-adol...
Credit: Dr. Scott Marek/Washington University in St. Louis⠀
NIH funding from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
⠀
O lobo da insula ou insular é uma importante estrutura dos sistemas autónomo e límbico. Processa estímulos emocionais e respostas fisiológicas. O lobo insular está também relacionado com a regulação neuroendócrina, cardiovascular e gastrointestinal. Para além disso também está associado com outras funções como a tomada de decisões ou a linguagem. Tanto em humanos como em roedores, a ínsula desempenha funções importante ao nível da regulação cardiovascular.
People with hemispatial neglect (or simply, neglect) are slower to experience one half of their world compared to the other, and often disregard one half entirely as if it had ceased to exist
(Van Vleet & Robertson, 2006;
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemispatial_neglect
Thanks to neurotom for suggesting this mindbite
CC image adapted from www.flickr.com/photos/lintmachine/2348447121/
SYMBOLIC MEANINGS OF CLASSICAL CHINESE GARDEN DESIGN ELEMENTS Prof. Suining Ding, Indiana University-Purdue University, Fort Wayne Suining Ding is an Associate Professor at Indiana University-Purdue University, FortWayne. Her research
interests include Digital 3D modeling, cross-cultural comparison of architecture, design methodology and design process, cognitive perceptions of interior space, and relationships of human behavior and environment. American Society for Engineering Education, 2012
Culture Reflections Embodied in Modern Architecture: An Analysis Symbolic Meanings of Classical Chinese Garden Design Elements and Principles When people walk into a space or built environment, people should feel the design intention made manifest through visual cues. Amos Rapoport stated that the built environment holds meaning as part of a cultural system of symbols, and influences our actions and our determinations of social order . It also has been a consensus that designers must understand the effect of the physical manifestation of design on people in the body of knowledge of the interior design profession . Therefore, understanding the symbolic meanings conveyed by design elements become crucial for designers. This paper presents a case study of analysis of classical Chinese garden design elements including water, plants, architecture, rocks and tracery windows (borrowed views) in modern architecture designed by I.M. Pei. This case study has been used in teaching cross-cultural comparison of architecture course. The purpose of this case study is to reveal symbolic meanings that interpreted by classical Chinese garden design elements in modern architecture. Findings illustrate distinct design strategies of utilizing Chinese garden design philosophy and principles in modern architecture that embodies culture reflections. Findings also help students to further understand that the built environment conveys meaning as part of cultural system, which is one of the learning objectives of cross-cultural comparison of architecture course. Culture and Design: Cross-cultural Comparison of architecture is a course designed to expose students to culture varieties that reflected on architecture. In this course, the meaning and symbolism of the art of Chinese architecture and Chinese garden is examined, focusing on the cultural, philosophical, and religious influences. Both architecture and garden in eastern country
and western country are introduced and compared with given rubrics. One of the segments in this course is to introduce the concept of cultural reflections in modern built environment. The artistic characteristics of classical Chinese garden design include the harmonious relationship between the parts and the whole. This humanistic philosophy and approach of classical Chinese garden design can be an inspiration to modern architecture practice and a resource for the creation of a new architecture. In this course, the Chinese garden design principles are identified and the building adaptations to the modern world are explored.
This course has been taught during the past five years. With the continuing course
improvement, a new case study has been added to the course content in order to better introduce the concept of cultural reflections in modern architecture. Particularly, the case study not only reveals the meaning of Chinese garden design elements in modern architecture, but also it provides distinct design guidelines for future architectural design. This paper describes this new case study that has been added to the Culture and Design course. Review of Literature. There are five design elements in classical Chinese garden design. They are water, plants, architecture, rocks and tracery windows (borrowed views). An overview of images of design elements of classical Chinese garden can be found in Figure . All Chinese gardens contain architecture. In addition, gardens are enclosed by pavilions, verandahs, halls and walls. The spaces in the garden are formed by architecture. The main difference between Western and Eastern gardens and their basic elements lies in the use of architecture and not in vegetation . Another element in a Chinese garden is stone. A stone may serve as a central theme of a courtyard, where it is placed on a pedestal, in a pond, or cemented together to form caves or peaks. One kind of stone is made from lake rock, quarried from a small island in Taihu Lake near Suzhou. Water serves as another natural element in Chinese garden design in addition to landscaping. In the private garden, a large body of water is not possible but a pond is a must. A bridge usually is built across narrow channels, or causeways are used as stepping stones to connect several smaller ponds in order to enhance the depth of the garden . Reflections made from a pool can enlarge the dimension of a garden visually. Scenery and track is another characteristic of classical Chinese garden. Gardens are different in shape and size. The large garden is naturally divided into more courtyards, and each courtyard has its particular theme in order to create a particular feeling of place. Because of the courtyards are interconnected, they create a series of spaces that have special meanings. As one enters the small entry leading to a garden and walks into a particular space, although it is usually small in scale and wrapped around with winding verandahs, the feeling gained is always the same as repose, harmony, serenity and elegance. Pei employs a lot of traditional Chinese symbolism in his Suzhou Art Museum. The SuZhou Art Museum floor plan is shown in Figure 2 in Appendix. He built it on a symmetrical north-south axis, which is one of the design principles of Chinese architecture. It allows the building to take advantage of the sun’s warmth and reflections . The structure is built to surprise the visitor when walking down the winding interior corridors offering tracery windows with a view of the central courtyards and gardens. Traditional garden; elements are prominent. There is the main garden, with eight small gardens. Every angle has a garden view. From the outside, the buildings reflect the traditional Suzhou private garden style; it is in harmony with its surrounding atmosphere. The five garden design elements are used in the design of the garden, such as local Taihu stones and rocks, water, bamboo, and a walking bridge that zigzags across the pond. Stone is the skeletal structure and is used in SuZhou Art Museum as sculpture. Water is qi energy and is balanced with the rigidity of stone. The bamboo represents uprightness, and the flowers add colors and present the four seasons. In the main garden, there is special Chinese stonework “ink-wash painting” Pei uses the white wall as paper; stone as paint, creating a unique visual effect with granite replicate a miniature mountain of abstract sculpture. Purpose and Method The purpose of this case study is to analyze and interpret the classical Chinese garden design elements including stone, water, architecture, plants, literature and arts as well as borrowed view(tracery window), as a form of symbolic culture reflection in modern architecture. This analysis is based on the methods of historical inquiry and literature review. Findings illustrate distinct approaches in reflecting culture heritage in modern built environment through symbolic forms. This study proposes four major design strategies to interpret the symbolic meaning of culture heritage: nature, poetic and painterly concept, scenery and track, as well as mystery and wonder. Nature elements in design refer to landscaping, water, courtyard and stone. All these design elements are integral part of classical Chinese garden that create poetic and painterly feelings, creating a place of natural beauty with a serene and elegant atmosphere. . Through the use of this concept, a unique garden architecture was created. Poetry, prose, painting and music in China are interrelated and were used to express inner feeling through symbolism. Garden design, nevertheless, was different from poetry or prose. The media are not brush or paper, but rather a process, where there is never a final stroke of the pen or a last word, and which is in a continual state of change. It is the placement of the elements which make a garden, such as water, rocks, trees and flowers, architecture and space as well as the utilization of the effects of natural phenomena including the change of seasons, light, color, shadow and sound to achieve aesthetic feelings and evoke associations between objects and the observer . Architecture in a garden serves to “frame” or emphasize a good view. All these elements in the garden are connected by covered verandahs, which create mystery and wonder in the garden. The verandahs on both sides of the wall become what is called double verandah and the wall between them can be pierced with tracery windows to unite the two spaces visually . Sometimes a verandah is built over water on stilts, looking very much like a covered bridge. More mystery and wonder would be presented to observers when verandahs are in zigzag form, following the shape and slope of the site. Sometimes it will bend on the way up a hill, reach an edge of a pool, pass through flowerbeds and cross valleys, twisting and seemingly there is no end. Although the verandah was built for circulation, it is not intended to reach its destination in a hurry. One could stop and wonder, read at the table and watch scenery and turn to wonder another mystery and pose again. The main purpose was to stroll leisurely and wonder around for more attractions. Sometimes it appears that the walker reaches the end of a path, but with a sudden turn there is another path or another open space. There is always something unexpected to see which surprise the visitor. In Pei’ SuZhou Art Museum, the geometry thinking in the design made visitors feel to be in a world of pure lines and triangles, squares, and symmetry. Pei, the modernist seamlessly blends the modern and the culture in his SuZhou Art Museum. The geometry and spatial quality of his work satisfy the modern architecture by revealing culture meaning in modern built environment. Pei expressed his philosophy of using Chinese garden design elements in modern architectural design in Harvard Asia Pacific Review: “Chinese gardens are very unusual in the sense that you can create a microcosm of the world in such tiny space. And that has always been in my mind, so that I am never discouraged when I don’t have as much room to work with. I can always say, look at the SuZhou gardens and what wonders you can create with them. It is a sense of scale…” . It is obvious that Chinese garden design principles have inspired Pei’s modern architectural design. Chinese garden design elements have been the major components in his work in modern built environment.
The four design strategies set forth in this case study assist in understanding the symbolic
meaning of Chinese Garden design elements in modern built environment - SuZhou Art Museum designed by I.M.Pei. These four design strategies aid the students to understand the symbolic meaning interpret in the modern architecture through symbolic forms. The first strategy is to use natural elements, such as rocks, bamboo, water and landscaping. Bamboo presents uprightness. The flowers add color and present the four seasons. The second strategy is to present poetic and painterly concept in design. Poetry and painting express inner feeling through symbolism that is a process to achieve aesthetic feelings and evoke associations between objects and the observer. When poetic and painterly concept is integrated in a designed space, the aesthetic feelings and appreciations are achieved for observers. In SuZhou Art Museum, Pei used stone to form a scene as ink-wash painting according to painting in Song Dynasty. The third strategy is to create scenery and track. Architecture, pavilions, verandahs, halls and walls, tracery windows are design elements that can be used to create scenery and track in a space. In SuZhou Art Museum, Pei made west wing longer (seems more interesting), and had a water fall at the end of the hall way, so the sounds of water can be very attractive to visitors. So it leads people turn left and see west wing first . There are also many tracery windows along the hallways.The fourth strategy is to create mystery and wonder in a space. These can be achieved by using verandahs in zigzag form, following the shape or slop of the site and tracery windows on verandah walls. In SuZhou Art museum, zigzag walking bridge was designed across the pond. The analysis of these design strategies in Table -1 also assist and inform an examination of how future modern design could utilize classical Chinese garden design principles and philosophy. This approach may help designers to create a contemporary space with cultural reflections. In Harvard Asia Pacific Review, Pei indicated: “I remember the twists and turns of Chinese garden that you never see the end as you do at Versailles. In a Chinese garden, you make turn, and then you pause, you see something, and you turn again, and you see something different. This concept lingers with me, and I continue to draw from it.” It is a very comprehensive conclusion that drawing ideas and inspirations from Chinese garden design will be an enduring process in order to create modern architecture that embodies culture reflections. Design Elements in Classical Chinese Garden Symbolic Meaning
Interpreted in SuZhou Art Museum natural landscaping, water, courtyard, Taihu stones and rocks, walking bridge one main garden and eight small gardens - Taihu stones and rocks, water, bamboo presents uprightness, the flowers to add color and to present the four seasons poetic and painterly concept poetry and painting to express inner feeling through symbolism, a process to achieve aesthetic feelings and evoke associations between
objects and the observer Chinese stonework "ink-wash painting". Pei used stone to form a scene according to painting in Song Dynasty scenery and track buildings, pavilions, verandahs, hall and walls, tracery windows made west wing longer (seems more interesting), and had a water fall at the end of the hall way, so the sounds of water can be very attractive to visitors. So it leads people turn left and see west wing first. Many tracery windows mystery and wonder verandahs in zigzag form, following the shape or slop of the site, tracery windows on verandah walls zigzag walking bridge across the pond
References
Liu, L. (1989). Chinese Architecture. Academy Editions, London
Martin, C. & Guerin, D. (2005). The Interior Design Profession’s Body of Knowledge. Interior Design Educators Council. Retrieved September 20, 2011, from www.careersininteriordesign.com/idbok.pdf Pei. I.M. (Summer, 1997) Finding Roots. Harvard Asia Pacific Review. Retrieved on March 12, 2012 from www.hcs.harvard.edu/~hapr/summer97_culture/roots.html
[4] Rapoport, Amos, (1990). The Meaning of the Built Environment: A Nonverbal Communication Approach. University of Arizona Press. Appendix Chinese Garden Design Elements Verandahs with tracery windows and Zigzag bridges over the pond lead to more mystery and wonder Water, Plants, Stones and Rocks Tracery Windows (Borrowed Views)
Figure 1: Classical Chinese Garden Design Elements SuZhou Art Museum – Designed by I.M.Pei Figure 2: SuZhou Art Museum Floor PlanSuZhou Art Museum – Designed by I.M.Pei,The west wing was designed longer (seems more interesting), and had a water fall at the end of the hall way, so the sounds of water can be very attractive to visitors. So it leads people turn left and see west wing first. There are many tracery windows in the hallway. A symmetrical north-south axis is designed to locate the building, which is one of the design principles of Chinese architecture. It allows the building to take advantage of the sun warmth and reflection. The colors of the building are gray, black and white, which are typical colors in classical private garden in SuZhou. Special Chinese stonework “ink-wash painting” - Pei uses the white wall as paper; stone as paint, creating a unique visual effect with granite replicate a miniature mountain of abstract sculpture.
Award-winning photojournalist, Karim Ben Khelifa, is widely known for his coverage of the Middle East conflicts, especially the Iraq and Afghan wars, where he covered the insurgent sides. While a Fellow at the Open Documentary Lab at MIT, Ben Khelifa designed and prototyped his latest project The Enemy. This immersive installation uses VR to bring the audience into conversations between enemies within longstanding global conflicts. During his residency, he collaborated with Fox Harrell of the Imagination, Computation and Expression (ICE) Laboratory, to integrate concepts from cognitive science and Artificial Intelligence-based interaction models into the project to engender empathy.
Learn more at arts.mit.edu
All photos ©Hélène Adamo
Please ask before use
Guinea baboons (Papio papio) display a wide range of social behaviours. They sometimes chase and aggress each other.
Here, this young male is being intimidated by another. He displays a typical expression of fear toward his aggressor: baring his teeth and emitting loud, high-pitched screams. He is also preparing to run, as the intimidation is usually followed by a chase.
This picture was taken in the wild, in Niokolo-Koba National Park, Senegal, where the researchers of the Centre de Recherche de Primatologie Simenti have been following and studying Guinea baboons since 2007.
More information: www.dpz.eu/en/cognitive-ethology
A neighborhood center for the economic development
Villatina neighborhood- comuna 8
Medellín-colombia
Iván D Castrillón E
David Puerta Carmona
By project-Rethinking Informality
Estrategies of urban space co-production
Universidad nacional de Colombia- Massachusetts institute of Technology MIT
On a walk around the city on a grey cold day in December 2022. Christchurch New Zealand.
In 1998, SCAPE Public Art began to revolutionise the open spaces of Ōtautahi Christchurch – and public arts practice in Aotearoa New Zealand. SCAPE Public Art installs free-to-view contemporary public art in Central Christchurch, engaging the community through exciting work that is celebrated around Aotearoa and the world.
www.scapepublicart.org.nz/about-scape-public-art/
Cognitive Reorientation:
Using the Danish television police drama Forbrydelsen (The Killing) as a jumping-off point, Clemens investigates the unseen labour involved in the spectacle of television, as well as the televisual clichés we have come to understand as representative of successful detective work. Focusing on a crime scene that occurs in the first episode of the first season, which shows a car being pulled from a river, Cognitive Reorientation is a deconstruction and reconstruction of the scene’s various elements in the centre of Christchurch, providing a glimpse behind the scenes into the often-clunky production of mass entertainment.
Sited in the basement of the former Price Waterhouse Coopers building, which housed a carpark, pool, and gym, Cognitive Reorientation relates to the imperfections and fallibility of memory. Like a great deal of the city that was destroyed or demolished following the 2010-11 earthquake sequence, the Price Waterhouse Coopers building was once a place of significance for many. The remnants of the building will eventually be removed, leaving no trace and forcing those who knew it to rely purely on their memories without visual cues.
A great deal of Clemens’ previous work has engaged with the mechanics of cinema and television production, using original and recreated props and video clips from Terminator 2, Blade Runner, and Nightmare on Elm Street to produce complex installations that weave fiction and non-fiction together. There is reverence in these works, but also an implicit questioning. In Cognitive Reorientation, Clemens asks: Where does artistic fabrication begin and end? What is a clue? A sign? Proof? What is the status of evidence when our methods of replication have advanced so rapidly?
The value in media is no longer in sources but in flows; when we pool our cognitive surplus, it creates value that doesn't exist when we operate in isolation.
Clay Shirky
www.edge.org/3rd_culture/shirky08/shirky08_index.html
Background CC image courtesy of: www.flickr.com/photos/b-tal/166062391. This citation appears in the bottom left of the image.
(now more square-like)
In use here:
brocku.ca/pedagogical-innovation/elearning-initiative/pla...
Modified from College of Redwoods. (2010). [Graph illustration Cognitive Taxonomy Circle July 25, 2010]. Utilizing
Bloom’s Taxonomy. Retrieved from
www.redwoods.edu/Departments/Distance/Tutorials/BloomsTax...
Decisions made. Cameras arrived. Visa paid off. The learning begins.
As the Olympus is such a magnificent creature, and I have cognitive problems, it's sure to take me the rest of my life get a handle on it. So in order to keep my frustration at a manageable level I also bought the little Panasonic. It will be my go-to camera for when I need a break AND it will be my go-anywhere camera so I don't miss those "Rats! Why don't I have my camera with me" shots.
My sincere gratitude to my flickr friends who gave me suggestions through my long period of indecision. Special appreciation to Staffan and John. But for you two I'd still be changing my mind with each new review.
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Olympus E-M5 Mark II (Camera Launch: February 2015)
- World's Most Powerful 5-Axis VCM IS System
- Portable Dustproof/Splashproof Body
- Large 2.36 Million Dot EVF
- Vari-Angle Large 3.0" Touch LCD
- OM-D Movie - capture cinema quality movies
- 16MP Live MOS TruePic VII
- 40M High Res Shot exceeds image quality on full frame models
- 10fps High Speed Seq Shooting
- Full HD Frame Rate Movie
- High Bit Rate Movie
- Touch Operation During Movie
- Art Filter and Art Fade Movie Capability & Photo Story
- Clips - edit short movies with ease
- Remote Start and Stop Through Smart Phone
- Compatible with Olympus Capture
- Built-In Wi-Fi
- World's Shortest Shooting Time Lag
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Panasonic Lumix DMC-ZS50 (Camera Launch: March 2015)
- 12MP
- 30x Optical Zoom
- 4x Digital Zoom
- Flash
- ISO Rating - Auto, ISO 80-6400
- Image Formats - JPEG, RAW
- Image Stabilizer
- 3.0" Screen Size
- Viewfinder
- Macro Feature (up-close 3cm macro shooting)
- Panorama Mode
- 24mm Leica Wide Angle Lens
- Movie Mode - Full HD 1080p
- WiFi
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Award-winning photojournalist, Karim Ben Khelifa, is widely known for his coverage of the Middle East conflicts, especially the Iraq and Afghan wars, where he covered the insurgent sides. While a Fellow at the Open Documentary Lab at MIT, Ben Khelifa designed and prototyped his latest project The Enemy. This immersive installation uses VR to bring the audience into conversations between enemies within longstanding global conflicts. During his residency, he collaborated with Fox Harrell of the Imagination, Computation and Expression (ICE) Laboratory, to integrate concepts from cognitive science and Artificial Intelligence-based interaction models into the project to engender empathy.
Learn more at arts.mit.edu
All photos ©Hélène Adamo
Please ask before use
The Brain Games show. National Geographic TV Series.
Brain Games is an American popular science television series that explores cognitive science by focusing on illusions, psychological experiments, and counterintuitive thinking. The series debuted on National Geographic in 2011 as a special. Its return as an original series in 2013 set a record for the highest premiere rating for any National Geographic original series with 1.5 million viewers. The seventh season aired in 2016.
Neil Patrick Harris was the unseen narrator in the first season, replaced by Jason Silva for the remainder of the series as its host and presenter; in addition, sleight-of-hand artist Apollo Robbins has been a frequent consultant and illusionist guest on the show. The show is interactive, encouraging television viewers, often along with a handful of live volunteers, to engage in visual, auditory, and other cognitive experiments, or “brain games”, that emphasize the main points presented in each episode.
The series is deemed acceptable for use toward E/I credits, and Litton Entertainment added repurposed reruns of the show to its One Magnificent Morning block in fall 2017.
National Geographic ( Fox
Networks Group (FNG) a subsidiary of Walt Disney Direct-to-Consumer & International that oversees international television assets that were acquired from 21st Century Fox by The Walt Disney Company. ) has reimagined BRAIN GAMES and added a Hollywood twist to the classic mind-bending format.
In December 2019, it was announced that a new format of this series, hosted by Keegan-Michael Key, would premiere in 2020.
So, enlightenment! “Consciousness” or “mind” has cognitive ability–there is something through which we know. Usually, we say: “I see, I learn, I know, I remember.” There is one single element that acts as a medium for viewing all objects. At our level, the power or ability to know is very limited, but we have the potential to increase this ability to know. “Buddhahood” or “Buddhahood enlightenment” is when the potential of this ability to know has been fully developed. Merely increasing that capacity of knowing is also a level of enlightenment. So, the term “enlightenment” could refer to knowing something that you did not know or realizing something that you had not realized. But when we speak about enlightenment at the state of Buddhahood, we are speaking about a fully awakened state.
That is why, according to Buddhism, all our efforts ultimately should go to training or shaping our minds. Emotions such as hatred or strong attachment are destructive and harmful–we call them “negative emotions.” So how can we reduce these negative emotions? Not through prayer, not through physical exercise, but through training of mind. Through training of mind we try to increase the opposite qualities. When genuine compassion, infinite compassion, or unbiased compassion is increased, hatred is reduced. When equanimity is increased, attachment is reduced. All of these destructive emotions are based on ignorance, and the opposite, or antidote, of ignorance is enlightenment. This is why it is very important to analyze the world of the mind and find out what its basic nature is. What are the different categories of mind? Which minds are destructive? Which minds are constructive? and so on. Once we have analyzed all these questions, then we should try to control our minds by adding more good and removing the bad. Some modern scholars describe Buddhism as a “science of mind” for this very reason.
Dalai Lama
GRAFENWOEHR, Germany --- U.S. Army 1st Lt. Joshua Herrington, 10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command, fires his weapon during United States Army Europe's Best Junior Officer Competition in Grafenwoehr, Germany, July 24, 2012. The Best Junior Officer Competition, unique to the U.S. Army in Europe, is a training event meant to challenge and refine competitors' leadership and cognitive decision-making skills in a high-intensity environment. The competition runs from July 23-27, 2012. The competitors, company-grade officers ranking from 2nd Lt. to Capt., represent Army units throughout Europe and have already distinguished themselves amongst their peers and exemplify the profession of arms. The competition brings these up-and-coming young leaders together for five days of physically and mentally challenging training, all for the chance to be named U.S. Army Europe's "Best Junior Officer" for 2012. Challenges include pistol and rifle qualifications, multiple foot marches, and various situational training exercises to test their intellect and instincts as leaders. The knowledge, skill-sets and leadership traits honed at this competition will help prepare the young leaders involved to excel when the time comes to lead Soldiers in a deployed environment. For more information or to see photos and video from the competition go to the U.S. Army Europe Web site www.eur.army.mil/BestOfficer.
(U.S. Army photo by Visual Information Specialist Markus Rauchenberger/Released)
Award-winning photojournalist, Karim Ben Khelifa, is widely known for his coverage of the Middle East conflicts, especially the Iraq and Afghan wars, where he covered the insurgent sides. While a Fellow at the Open Documentary Lab at MIT, Ben Khelifa designed and prototyped his latest project The Enemy. This immersive installation uses VR to bring the audience into conversations between enemies within longstanding global conflicts. During his residency, he collaborated with Fox Harrell of the Imagination, Computation and Expression (ICE) Laboratory, to integrate concepts from cognitive science and Artificial Intelligence-based interaction models into the project to engender empathy.
Learn more at arts.mit.edu
All photos ©Karim Ben Khelifa
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The National Visualization and Analytics Center (NVAC) is a national and international resource providing strategic leadership and coordination for visual analytics technology and tools. The mission of the Cognitive Foundations for Visual Analytics project is to articulate a theoretical framework to guide research in visual analytics. Cognitive factors are investigated that influence the effectiveness of visualization on analytic problem solving in complex domains.
This image was a part of the 2010 PNNL Science as Art contest.
Terms of Use: Our images are freely and publicly available for use with the credit line, "Courtesy of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory." Please use provided caption information for use in appropriate context.
Participants at the Annual Meeting 2017 of the World Economic Forum in Davos, January 18, 2017
Copyright by World Economic Forum / Sikarin Thanachaiary
GRAFENWOEHR, Germany --- 1st Lt. Thomas Malejko, 541st Engineer Company, fires his weapon during United States Army Europe's Best Junior Officer Competition in Grafenwoehr, Germany, July 24, 2012. The Best Junior Officer Competition, unique to the U.S. Army in Europe, is a training event meant to challenge and refine competitors' leadership and cognitive decision-making skills in a high-intensity environment. The competition runs from July 23-27, 2012. The competitors, company-grade officers ranking from 2nd Lt. to Capt., represent Army units throughout Europe and have already distinguished themselves amongst their peers and exemplify the profession of arms. The competition brings these up-and-coming young leaders together for five days of physically and mentally challenging training, all for the chance to be named U.S. Army Europe's "Best Junior Officer" for 2012. Challenges include pistol and rifle qualifications, multiple foot marches, and various situational training exercises to test their intellect and instincts as leaders. The knowledge, skill-sets and leadership traits honed at this competition will help prepare the young leaders involved to excel when the time comes to lead Soldiers in a deployed environment. For more information or to see photos and video from the competition go to the U.S. Army Europe Web site www.eur.army.mil/BestOfficer.
(U.S. Army photo by Visual Information Specialist Markus Rauchenberger/Released)
It is fascinating how two pieces of wood stuck together with a rudimentary set of painted letters on it is a sufficient deterrent to humans from venturing further up a path; this is a basic tenet of the relationship between the human cognitive process and semiotics.
The sign could have been planted there by a group of pranksters, and you wouldn't know, but the psychological conditioning you have been brought up with will force you to instinctively obey; in some cases, it will be obeyed whether or not it makes sense or could potentially endanger a person.
Also noticeable is that a sign reinforcing unwritten rules will only foster resentment instead of helping the situation (ex: A "no shouting" sign in a workplace). This is an example of authority overreaching itself - people like to be told what to do, just not what they already know or currently accept by default.
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Louvre, Paris
Often used as a representation of the mind or soul, Psyche has been adopted as a symbol of the field of psychology - see the figure in the top left of the British Psychological Society's website at www.bps.org.uk/ for example. So this fabulous statue means more to me as a psychologist than simply a Greek myth, rich though that story may be.
At various times in its relatively brief history psychology has been in danger of becoming irrelevant through its attachment to a dull orthodoxy that had little to do with the greater issues of human life. This happened during the 1940s and 50s when behaviourism and psychoanalysis were the dominant influences, during the 1970s and 80s with cognitive science, and potentially today with the rapidly increasing influence of neuropsychology.
During the 1950s psychology was revived through the influence of humanistic psychology, which brought the whole person back into consideration. More recently, positive psychology animated a field in danger of being stifled through an excess of cognition. Will the recent and rapid rise of interest in mindfulness breathe life into a psychology which seems overly impressed by the reductionism of neuroscience?
(top left) Sai Emrys
Unstoppable Conlanging Force
California
Sai Emrys was the driving force behind the establishment of the Language Creation Society and the Language Creation Conferences, the teacher of two classes on language creation at the University of California, Berkeley, and the founder of the LiveJournal Conlangs community. Sai is very active in other online conlanging communities as well, with his first post to CONLANG-L in October 2004 and 805 posts to the Zompist Bulletin Board since March 2005. Sai received his B.A. in Cognitive Science from UC Berkeley in 2006, and can converse in English, Russian, Spanish, French, American Sign Language, and Japanese. His own long-term conlanging project (the creation of a new kind of nonlinear, fully 2- or 3-dimensional writing system) can be found online at saizai.livejournal.com/657391.html. Former jobs have included database design, systems administration, tutoring, programming, and massage therapy. He is interested in such things as “wordplay, massage, empathy, music, good food, computers, neuroscience, linguistics, meditation, hiking, energy work, and (of course) in seeing how far the boundaries of language creation can be pushed - with an eye towards effecting cognitive change and empowerment.” His current goal is to obtain a Ph.D. in cognitive neuroscience and to do research to understand empathy and mirror neurons. He is currently the President of the Language Creation Society (www.conlang.org), and the photo shows him presiding over the 2007 Language Creation
Conference, UC Berkeley, CA. He is currently working on two books — A Hacker's Guide to Meditation: A dogma-free recipe book and Language Creation 101, a textbook that uses conlanging to teach linguistics — and one research project, motostudy.com, a longitudinal study of motorcyclist behavior and outcomes.
(Top right) John Quijada
Creator of Ithkuil and Ilaksh
California
John Quijada was born in 1959 in Los Angeles, CA. An encounter with a Russian language book at age 11 kick-started his lifelong interest in languages, and exposure to both Tolkien and the Kobaian language of Christian Vander's avant-garde group Magma got him started on conlanging around age 14. While studying linguistics at university, the grammar of non-Indo-European languages started him off on constructing a language that would "combine the best and most efficient features" of the world's languages into one. Over time, this language evolved into a philosophical language that attempts to convey complex levels of cognition heretofore unexpressed in any human language, while at the same time being as concise as possible in the physical length of sentences (à la Robert Heinlein's conception of "Speedtalk" but in an actually workable manner). John's work is influenced by the writings of the cognitive linguists George Lakoff, Len Talmy, Ron Langacker, and Gilles Fauconnier. In 2004, after 25 years of work, John introduced Ithkuil to the world via the Internet. Ithkuil has proven to be one of the more frequently discussed (if not spoken!) conlangs on the web. The language was soon featured in a Russian-language science magazine which unexpectedly garnered legions of fans asking for an easier-to-pronounce version to try to learn. A new variant of the language, Ilaksh, was introduced in 2007 for the benefit of these fans. At present, John is working on expanding the Ithkuil/Ilaksh lexicon. Information on Ithkuil and Ilaksh can be found at home.inreach.com/sl2120/Ithkuil.
Besides linguistics and conlanging, John's many hobbies and interests include European travel, music (especially classical and world music), science, philosophy, amateur astronomy, amateur protozoology, eclectic literature, "art-house" cinema, sci-fi, art, camping, hiking, Portuguese cooking, and wine tasting. He has written a novel (currently being revised) with his identical twin brother Paul that explores the philosophical implications of quantum physics and cognitve science. John lives in Northern California with his wife Carol and cat Stormy. He speaks five languages (none of which are his conlangs!)
(Photo and biography courtesy of John Quijada exclusively for this exhibit.)
(The Babel Text in Ithkuil accompanies the photo and bio)
(Middle right) Douglas Ball
Creator of Skerre
California
Doug Ball is currently a Ph.D. student in Linguistics at Stanford University, but his involvement in creating languages dates back to his teenage years. Inspired by a three-week intensive course in Latin, Doug was bitten by the conlanging bug at age 13. His creation, Skerre, is a teenager itself now, being around 14 years old, and has gone through a number of variations: the original Latin-like form, a Turkish-like variety, a Polynesian-like version, and its present verb-initial form akin to languages of the Polynesian Rim. Doug, while a freshman at the University of Rochester, was also part of an independent study taught by Dr. Sarah Higley (a.k.a. Sally Caves) where he wrote a grammar and text for Skerre. Returning to Doug's younger days, his place in the conlanger's pantheon is assured by a project he undertook while at Isaac Newton Middle School in Littleton, Colorado. He was part of a group that wrote a play which was then translated by Doug into Skerre. In Doug's own words, "the play told the story of the power struggle and transfer of an amulet, the Kâthor Välenî. It was performed for the entire eighth grade and most of the seventh grade in three separate performances on May 19, 1995. 'Subtitles' were provided in the form of a written version of the script projected on overheads to the side of the stage."
(Photo courtesy of Doug Ball. Quotes taken from an email to Don Boozer.)
The Babel Text in Skerre
1.Ta tari tar, e’ik a yat i sires ta yiket i tahin.
2.Kiyes kaquaqueyi-ti so kiyen, eyetin-ti a yotar ques to ekesise a Sinar ya tir ir enahir-ti sata.
3.Eyik-ti ya kari-te, “Katik saa kihanin-wo a hok i tsesi-sikenat.” Ir eresa-ti.
4.Eyan, eyik-ti, “Katik saa kikenatin-wo a aran ni tates to sik tsiquos ena sakir kat rokerinsa a sise-we sas kikehaana-wo ya yiket i hasin i tahin.”
5.Enowor a Tsan-Taran wisor ki’ok ya aran ni tates to ekenatin tsa saasakar i tanko-riyos.
6.Eyik a Tsan-Taran, “Ok, ik ta teken a yat i sires ir sik-ti ak a tir, ir waha, koni-ti ronati ta koser to royok-ti ya tar.
7.Ronotsaa-ha sata ir rohiran-ha a sires-te wisor koni-ti kisik aket a kari-te.”
8.Eyan, ehaanaasa tsa Tsan-Taran ya yiket i hasin i tahin ir eriitowetiite ta sikenat i aran ni tates.
9.So sores tir, ekesise a Wawel ya wisa, wisor ehiran sata tsa Tsan-Taran a sires i yiket i tahin ir ehaanaasa ya yiket i hasin tahin.
Translated by Doug Ball
(tsketar.tripod.com/skerre/Tower_of_Babel.html)
(Middle left) Sonja Elen Kisa
Creator of Toki Pona
Canada
Especially for this exhibit, Sonja Elen Kisa described herself as "a 29-year-old Queer Acadian (French-Canadian) woman currently living in Toronto, Canada. She designed the minimal language Toki Pona in 2001 after a period of depression, as she sought to simplify her life and find the true meaning behind things. She is currently studying to become a speech-language pathologist." Kisa was the subject of an article in The Globe and Mail, a major Toronto newspaper, in July 2007. According to that source, around 100 people speak Toki Pona fluently, mostly in chat rooms and blogs. Even more interesting are the facts that a "Colorado programmer is developing an apocalyptic computer game with Toki Pona as the spoken language [and an] Israeli-German singer and member of the Stuttgart Chamber Choir is including it in a concert of musical pieces composed in constructed languages, alongside Esperanto and Star Trek's Klingon." An example of the language is the proverb "Nasin ante li pona tawa jan ante: Different ways are good for different people (i.e. different strokes for different folks)."
The Babel Text in Toki Pona
1.ma ali li jo e toki wan en sama.
2.jan ali li kama tan nasin pi kama suno, li kama lon ma Sinale, li awen lon ni.
3.jan li toki e ni: "o kama! mi mute o pali e kiwen tomo, o seli e ona."
4.jan mute li toki e ni: "o kama! mi mute o pali e ma tomo e tomo palisa suli. lawa pi tomo palisa li lon sewi kon.
5.o nimi pi mi mute li kama suli! mi wile ala e ni: mi mute li kan ala. mi mute li lon ma ali."
6.jan sewi Jawe li kama anpa, li lukin e ma tomo e tomo palisa pi jan lili mute.
7.jan sewi Jawe li toki e ni: "jan ni li jo e ma wan, li jo e toki sama, li pali e tomo palisa. tenpo ni la ona mute li ken pali mute ike. mi wile tawa anpa, mi pakala e toki pi jan mute ni. o jan li sona ala e toki pi jan ante."
8.jan sewi Jawe li pali e ni: jan ali li poki ala jan, li lon ma mute, li ken ala pali e ma tomo.
9.nimi pi ma tomo ni li Pape tan ni: jan sewi Jawe li pakala e toki pi jan ali. tan ma tomo Pape la jan sewi Jawe li tawa e jan tawa ma mute.
(www.omniglot.com/babel/tokipona.htm)
(Bottom right) Language Creation Conference
The first Language Creation Conference (LCC1) took place April 23, 2006, at the University of California Berkeley. Coordinated by Sai Emrys, this conference was the first of its kind and brought together constructed language enthusiasts from across the United States. LCC2 took place on July 7-8, 2007, also in Berkeley. That conference drew speakers from as far away as Florida, Ohio, and Canada, and an audience even larger than LCC I. The Language Creation Conferences are a major activity of the Language Creation Society based in California. LCC3 is tentatively scheduled for October 2008 at Brown University, Providence, RI. For information (including videos of presentations from LCC I), check out the Language Creation Society's web site at www.conlang.org.
The photo was taken on July 8, 2007, during LCC2 and, unfortunately, does not include a dozen or so people who could only attend the first day. Those pictured include: Back row: Arika Okrent, Lila Sadkin, [unknown], Richard Futrell, Greg Shuflin, Sai Emrys (holding the Conlang Flag); 2nd row: Doug Ball, James Gang, Cindy Morris, Alex Fink, Kelly Drinkwater, Sylvia Sotomayor; Standing: George Baker, [unknown], John Quijada, Don Boozer, Jeff Burke, Clint Hutchison, John Clifford, [unknown], Vladimir Vysotsky; Kneeling: David Peterson, Peter Ara Guekguezian, Jim Henry.
(Photo courtesy of Don Boozer. Those attendees mentioned elsewhere in this exhibit have been highlighted in blue.)
(Bottom left) CONLANG-L
The oldest and most active online listserv devoted to conlanging is the CONLANG-L (usually simply referred to as CONLANG). The list had its beginnings in informal email conversations among a group of language enthusiasts initiated by John Ross of Boston University (BU) in the early 1990s. The first listserv was set up subsequently at BU, moving to a server at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1993. Increased traffic necessitated another move and CONLANG found its current home at Brown University (Providence, RI) in 1997. You can subscribe to CONLANG or read the archived messages by going to the official site at listserv.brown.edu/archives/conlang.html. CONLANG is a very active list with 6,610 messages posted in 2007 with topics covering critiques of each other's conlangs, construction of Unicode fonts for neographies, strategies for expanding awareness of the art/craft of conlanging, and much more.
The world’s leading scientist Fang Ruida found in a major study: the influence of cosmic matter and cosmic energy on the sun, the homology and homogeneity of particle spin and half-spin and planetary motion (Bucksdell)
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Fang Ruida The latest major research findings in physics and cosmology The influence of cosmic matter and cosmic energy on the sun, the homology and homogeneity of particle spin and half-spin and planetary motion (Bucksdell)
The latest major research findings in physics and cosmology: the influence of cosmic material and cosmic energy on the sun, the homology and homophase of the spin and half-spin of particles and the motion of the planet, the forces other than the four forces in natural mechanics, the force of living animals Coupling and Differential Selection of Cell Genes of High God System and Cell Genes of Human Advanced Nervous System (Fang Ruida November 2018)
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The sun is great. Once the sun is destroyed and mutated, the solar system will turn into ashes and dust. The moon, Mars, and Jupiter will all return to zero.
The sun itself is the greatest energy collector, energy absorber and converter. It absorbs infinite cosmic particles and cosmic matter at all times, and at the same time emits a large amount of light and heat at every moment. Therefore, the life of the sun Energy far exceeds human imagination.
Any person is nothing but insignificant particles of dust in front of the natural universe. The human cognitive perception of the high-level nervous system is not infinite.
The sun itself is a huge energy absorber and energy storage device, an energy converter; the continuous burning of the sun originates from the nuclear fusion reaction. It not only emits a large amount of energy, light and heat day and night, but it also continuously Absorb all kinds of energy matter from the dark energy of various dark matter in the universe and the cosmic stellar matter. In the universe, the sun mainly relies on its own matter to undergo a polarization reaction to emit radiation, but it can also receive some interstellar matter, such as dark matter, dark energy, and other interstellar matter. In the natural universe, no stellar body will evolve in isolation, on the contrary, the interstellar network is full of it. Including all kinds of matter, all kinds of energy, all kinds of internal and external particle spinning, etc., as well as interstellar macromolecules, dust and so on. Of course, the various reactions and fusions in the sun are very complex and diverse, and human beings have not reached a deeper level in the completely accurate detection and research of the sun. Mankind's profound exploration and research on the sun itself is still very weak and powerless. Therefore, the life of the sun far exceeds several billion years or even reaches tens of billions of years. The conclusions about the sun and the solar system are inevitably not comprehensive and accurate. Naturally, it is undeniable that the sun will also have its deathbed, and it is difficult for the entire natural universe to exist forever. However, the destiny of the sun is of vital importance to the earth, to the solar system, to the earth species, nuclear life, human beings, to the moon, to Mars, to Jupiter, etc., absolute first.
Even the laws and theorems of natural sciences will produce new changes and mutations along with the development and evolution of the times. Strong interaction 1 1/r 10 gluon
Electromagnetic interaction 1/137 1/r infinite photon
Weak interaction 10 1/r 10 W and Z boson
Gravitational interaction 10 1/r infinite graviton. This is the most important discovery of modern physics and deserves praise and congratulations. However, are there only these four basic forces in the natural universe?
1. The influence and effect of matter (energy) in the universe, dark matter and dark energy on the sun, in addition to the sun's own material energy storage, the influence of external matter, including force, rotation and so on. Although the core area of the sun is very small, the radius is only 1/4 of the sun's radius, but it is the true source of the sun's huge energy. The temperature of the core of the sun is extremely high, reaching 15 million degrees Celsius, and the pressure is also very high, so that the thermonuclear reaction from hydrogen fusion to helium can take place, thereby releasing great energy. These energy can be transmitted to the bottom of the solar photosphere through the transmission of materials in the radiant layer and the troposphere, and radiate outward through the photosphere. Humans have discovered more than 4000 exoplanets in the Milky Way. Scientists are still continuously discovering novel worlds, some of which are surprisingly large, some weird and some weird, such as black holes, dark matter, superstars and so on. In addition to the four forces in the universe, spin action, etc. The spin and half-spin of a particle is very different from the rotation of the planet. The spin of the particle is mainly caused by the internal force, and the planet rotates by the external force. Of course, the two also have certain similarities and differences. In a certain sense, the two are of the same origin and the same phase. As to whether they are of the same quality, a large number of experimental observations are needed to prove. A particle whose spin is 0, 1, and 2 that cause force between particles of matter. The particles of matter obey the so-called Pauli exclusion principle. this
It was discovered by Austrian physicist Wolfgang Pauli in 1925. Gravity, this force is universal, that is to say, every particle feels due to its mass or energy
Subject to gravity. Electromagnetic force. It acts between charged particles (such as electrons and quarks), but not with no
Charged particles (such as gravitons) interact. It is much stronger than gravity: the electromagnetic force between two electrons is stronger than gravity
It's about 10 billion billion billion billion billion times larger. However, there are two kinds of charges-positive and negative.
The forces of the same kind of charges are mutually repelling, while the different kinds of charges are attracted to each other. A large object, such as the earth or
The sun contains almost equal amounts of positive and negative charges and weak nuclear power. It restricts the phenomenon of radioactivity and only acts on matter particles whose spin is 1/2.
It does not work on particles with spins of 0, 1, or 2, such as photons and gravitons. Quantum mechanics, particle physics, cosmic physics, the study of the four forces is quite important. However, it is undeniable that there will not only be these four forces in the universe, and there will be new forces discovered and clarified by human beings. The finite theoretical hypotheses contained in physics, etc., cannot fully give scientific empirical evidence. Imperial College London in 1967
After Burdas Salam and Stephen Weinberg of Harvard proposed a unified theory of weak action and electromagnetic action, weak action
The use is well understood. We know only 5% of the cosmic matter that makes up stars, stars, trees, humans, etc., and the remaining 95% is unknown dark matter and dark energy. This is a mystery that plagues the powerful forces of modern physics. It binds the quarks in protons and neutrons together, and binds the protons in atoms to
The neutrons are bound together. It is generally believed that another kind of particle with spin 1 called gluon carries a strong force. It can only work with
Interact with itself and with quarks. The strong nuclear force always binds the particles into
Combination without color. Compared with the physical revolution, the current research on quantum entanglement of complex systems. Many important issues in the universe, such as black holes, dark matter, and dark energy, are complex and changeable. Human scientific research and exploration and human cognitive perception are still very limited. Physics, cosmology, heliology, mechanics, the deep structure of the universe, and many of the universe Difficulties require in-depth exploration and research, and they cannot be finalized.
3. Coupling and differentiated selection between the cell genes of the hyperesthetic system of living animals and the cell genes of the human advanced nervous system
Coupling and differential selection between the cell genes of the higher theories of living animals such as monkeys, wolf dogs, foxes, cattle, sheep and horses and human higher nervous system cells, and the structural differences in the structure of the nervous system
And structural differences, genetic variation of gene fragments, etc., in addition, their cooperative coupling with other physiological systems is also very important. The DNA sequence similarity between chimpanzee and human genome reaches 99%; even if DNA sequence insertion or deletion is taken into account, the similarity between the two is 96%; humans and chimpanzees share 29% of the common gene coding to produce the same protein.
After humans and chimpanzees evolved from a common ancestor 6 million years ago, their protein systems have only undergone one major change. The difference between the two is only equivalent to 10 times the genomic difference between any two different people. What humans and chimpanzees have in common is that they both have some genes that mutate quickly. These genes are mainly involved in hearing, nerve signal transduction, sperm production, and ion transmission in cells. The genetic similarity of the four mammals and humans, the closest relative to humans is
Macaque gorilla chimpanzee orangutan
People 93% 98% 99% 97%
They mutate much faster than similar genes in other mammals. Scientists believe that these genes may determine the characteristics of primates. Compared with other animals, humans and chimpanzees share some genes that are prone to disease. Scientists believe that although these genes weaken the resistance of primates as a whole, they make them more adaptable to rapid changes in the environment. The first characteristic of the human brain is that the cerebral cortex is developed, and the cerebral cortex of other animals is simple to develop, and most of them only have physiological functions. Different brain capacity:
(A) The relative brain volume of humans is the largest. The brain volume of the human brain is about three times that of the chimpanzee. The human brain is not simply a magnification of the chimpanzee brain, but has obvious differences in structure.
(B) The areas where the human brain is significantly larger than the chimpanzee brain are the temporal lobe, parietal lobe, and frontal lobe. The parietal lobe enlarges upwards and backwards, squeezing and covering part of the occipital lobe, causing the back of the head to be rounder and fuller, and the temporal lobe is facing It develops on both sides and upwards, widening and heightening the brain case. The parietal and temporal lobes are basically enlarged in the same proportion, and the biggest change lies in the frontal lobe. The frontal lobe is not only simply enlarged, but more than other parts. Increase at a fast speed.
(C) Compared with animals, the frontal lobe, inferior parietal lobe, temporo-occipital area, and temporal pole area are particularly developed in humans, except for the bulge of the cranial nerve tissue in these parts. In addition to examining it, we can also see the abnormality of the corpus callosum that connects the neocortex of the two hemispheres.
(D) In addition to the structure of physiological tissues, the complex network systems of cells, genes, transmission, electronic signals, DNA, etc., and self-feedback systems are quite complex and changeable. This largely determines the various differences between the human brain's high nervous system activity and the nervous system activities of animals such as chimpanzees and apes.
(E) The coordinated physiological effects of other important parts of the human body, such as the human heart, lungs, sensory system, blood, etc., also have inseparable roles and various coordinated auxiliary functions. They are closely related to the entire brain's nervous system. Therefore, the activity of the human brain is very different from that of chimpanzees and apes.
(F) The nervous system activities of the human brain and animals such as chimpanzees and monkeys are quite similar, especially the most basic cognitive system, perception system, transmission system, feedback system, network system, and so on. Of course, cell genes, DNA, enzymes, proteins, etc. will be very different in terms of deep structure and function, which also leads to a major division between humans and animals, and the widening of the gap between higher neural activity and lower neural activity. Biological control, brain structure, genetic variation, etc.
Fang Ruida Les dernières découvertes majeures de la recherche en physique et en cosmologie L'influence de la matière cosmique et de l'énergie cosmique sur le soleil, l'homologie et l'homogénéité du spin et du demi-spin des particules et du mouvement planétaire (Bucksdell)
Les dernières découvertes majeures de la physique et de la cosmologie : l'influence de la matière cosmique et de l'énergie cosmique sur le soleil, l'homologie et l'homophase du spin et du demi-spin des particules et du mouvement de la planète, les forces autres que les quatre forces en mécanique naturelle, la force des animaux vivants Couplage et sélection différentielle des gènes cellulaires du système divin supérieur et des gènes cellulaires du système nerveux avancé humain (Fang Ruida novembre 2018)
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Le soleil est grand, une fois le soleil détruit et muté, le système solaire se transformera en cendres et en poussière. La lune, Mars et Jupiter reviendront tous à zéro.
Le soleil lui-même est le plus grand collecteur, absorbeur et convertisseur d'énergie. Il absorbe à tout moment une infinité de particules cosmiques et de matière cosmique, et en même temps émet une grande quantité de lumière et de chaleur à chaque instant. Par conséquent, la vie du soleil L'énergie dépasse de loin l'imagination humaine.
Toute personne n'est rien d'autre que des particules de poussière insignifiantes devant l'univers naturel. La perception cognitive humaine du système nerveux de haut niveau n'est pas infinie.
Le soleil lui-même est un énorme absorbeur d'énergie et un dispositif de stockage d'énergie, un convertisseur d'énergie ; la combustion continue du soleil provient de la réaction de fusion nucléaire. Il émet non seulement une grande quantité d'énergie, de lumière et de chaleur jour et nuit, mais il Absorber en continu toutes sortes de matière énergétique de l'énergie noire de diverses matières noires de l'univers et de la matière stellaire cosmique. Dans l'univers, le soleil dépend principalement de sa propre matière pour subir une réaction de polarisation afin d'émettre un rayonnement, mais il peut également recevoir de la matière interstellaire, telle que la matière noire, l'énergie noire et d'autres matières interstellaires. Dans l'univers naturel, aucun corps stellaire n'évoluera isolément, au contraire le réseau interstellaire en regorge. Y compris toutes sortes de matière, toutes sortes d'énergie, toutes sortes de rotations de particules internes et externes, etc., ainsi que des macromolécules interstellaires, de la poussière, etc. Bien sûr, les diverses réactions et fusions dans le soleil sont très complexes et diverses, et les êtres humains n'ont pas atteint un niveau plus profond dans la détection et la recherche complètement précises du soleil. L'exploration et la recherche approfondies de l'humanité sur le soleil lui-même sont encore très faibles et impuissantes. Ainsi, la durée de vie du soleil dépasse de loin plusieurs milliards d'années voire atteint des dizaines de milliards d'années. Les conclusions sur le soleil et le système solaire ne sont inévitablement pas complètes et précises. Naturellement, il est indéniable que le soleil aura également son lit de mort, et il est difficile pour l'univers naturel tout entier d'exister pour toujours. Cependant, le destin du soleil est d'une importance vitale pour la terre, pour le système solaire, pour les espèces terrestres, la vie nucléaire, les êtres humains, pour la lune, pour Mars, pour Jupiter, etc., tout d'abord.
Même les lois et les théorèmes des sciences naturelles produiront de nouveaux changements et mutations avec le développement et l'évolution des temps. Interaction forte 1 1/r 10 gluon
Interaction électromagnétique 1/137 1/r photon infini
Interaction faible 10 1/r 10 W et boson Z
Interaction gravitationnelle 10 1/r graviton infini. C'est la découverte la plus importante de la physique moderne et mérite des éloges et des félicitations. Cependant, n'y a-t-il que ces quatre forces fondamentales dans l'univers naturel ?
1. L'influence et l'effet de la matière (énergie) dans l'univers, la matière noire et l'énergie noire sur le soleil, en plus du propre stockage d'énergie matérielle du soleil, l'influence de la matière externe, y compris la force, la rotation, etc. Bien que la zone centrale du soleil soit très petite, le rayon n'est que 1/4 du rayon du soleil, mais c'est la véritable source de l'énorme énergie du soleil. La température du noyau du soleil est extrêmement élevée, atteignant 15 millions de degrés Celsius, et la pression est également très élevée, de sorte que la réaction thermonucléaire de la fusion de l'hydrogène à l'hélium peut avoir lieu, libérant ainsi une grande énergie. Cette énergie peut être transmise au fond de la photosphère solaire par la transmission de matériaux dans la couche radiante et la troposphère, et rayonner vers l'extérieur à travers la photosphère. Les humains ont découvert plus de 4000 exoplanètes dans la Voie lactée. Les scientifiques découvrent toujours de nouveaux mondes, dont certains sont étonnamment grands, d'autres étranges et d'autres étranges, tels que les trous noirs, la matière noire et les superstars. En plus des quatre forces de l'univers, l'action de rotation, etc. Le spin et le demi-tour d'une particule sont très différents de la rotation de la planète.Le spin de la particule est principalement causé par la force interne, et la planète tourne par la force externe. Bien sûr, les deux ont aussi certaines similitudes et différences. Dans un certain sens, les deux sont de la même origine et de la même phase. Quant à savoir s'ils sont de même qualité, un grand nombre d'observations expérimentales sont nécessaires pour le prouver. Une particule dont le spin est 0, 1 et 2 qui provoquent une force entre les particules de matière. Les particules de matière obéissent au principe dit d'exclusion de Pauli. cette
Il a été découvert par le physicien autrichien Wolfgang Pauli en 1925. La gravité, cette force est universelle, c'est-à-dire que chaque particule se sent du fait de sa masse ou de son énergie
Soumis à la gravité. Force électromagnétique. Il agit entre les particules chargées (comme les électrons et les quarks), mais pas sans
Les particules chargées (comme les gravitons) interagissent. C'est beaucoup plus fort que la gravité : la force électromagnétique entre deux électrons est plus forte que la gravité
Il est environ 10 milliards de milliards de milliards de milliards de milliards de fois plus grand. Cependant, il existe deux types de charges - positives et négatives.
Les forces du même type de charges se repoussent mutuellement, tandis que les différents types de charges s'attirent les unes aux autres. Un gros objet, comme la terre ou
Le soleil contient des quantités presque égales de charges positives et négatives et une faible puissance nucléaire. Il limite le phénomène de radioactivité et n'agit que sur les particules de matière dont le spin est 1/2.
Il ne fonctionne pas sur les particules avec des spins de 0, 1 ou 2, comme les photons et les gravitons. Mécanique quantique, physique des particules, physique cosmique, l'étude des quatre forces est assez importante. Cependant, il est indéniable qu'il n'y aura pas que ces quatre forces dans l'univers, et qu'il y aura de nouvelles forces découvertes et clarifiées par les êtres humains. Les hypothèses théoriques finies contenues dans la physique, etc., ne peuvent pas fournir pleinement des preuves empiriques scientifiques. Imperial College de Londres en 1967
Après que Burdas Salam et Stephen Weinberg de Harvard aient proposé une théorie unifiée de l'action faible et de l'action électromagnétique, l'action faible
L'utilisation est bien comprise. Nous ne connaissons que 5% de la matière cosmique qui compose les étoiles, les étoiles, les arbres, les humains, etc., et les 95% restants sont de la matière noire et de l'énergie noire inconnues. C'est un mystère qui afflige les puissantes forces de la physique moderne. Il lie les quarks des protons et des neutrons ensemble, et lie les protons des atomes à
Les neutrons sont liés entre eux. On pense généralement qu'un autre type de particule de spin 1 appelé gluon transporte une force puissante. Il ne peut fonctionner qu'avec
Interagir avec lui-même et avec les quarks. La force nucléaire forte lie toujours les particules en
Combinaison sans couleur. Par rapport à la révolution physique, les recherches actuelles sur l'intrication quantique des systèmes complexes. De nombreux problèmes importants dans l'univers, tels que les trous noirs, la matière noire et l'énergie noire, sont complexes et changeants. La recherche et l'exploration scientifiques humaines et la perception cognitive humaine sont encore très limitées. Physique, cosmologie, héliologie, mécanique, structure profonde de l'univers, et de nombreuses difficultés de l'univers Les difficultés nécessitent une exploration et des recherches approfondies, et elles ne peuvent pas être finalisées.
3. Couplage et sélection différenciée entre les gènes cellulaires du système hyperesthésique des animaux vivants et les gènes cellulaires du système nerveux avancé humain
Couplage et sélection différentielle entre les gènes cellulaires des théories supérieures des animaux vivants tels que les singes, les chiens-loups, les renards, les bovins, les moutons et les chevaux et les cellules du système nerveux supérieur humain, et les différences structurelles dans la structure du système nerveux
Et les différences structurelles, la variation génétique des fragments de gènes, etc., en plus, leur coordination et leur couplage avec d'autres systèmes physiologiques sont également très importants. La similitude de séquence d'ADN entre le chimpanzé et le génome humain atteint 99 % ; même si l'insertion ou la suppression de séquence d'ADN est prise en compte, la similitude entre les deux est de 96 % ; les humains et les chimpanzés partagent 29 % du gène commun codant pour produire la même protéine .
Après que les humains et les chimpanzés aient évolué à partir d'un ancêtre commun il y a 6 millions d'années, leurs systèmes protéiques n'ont subi qu'un seul changement majeur. La différence entre les deux n'est équivalente qu'à 10 fois la différence génomique entre deux personnes différentes. Ce que les humains et les chimpanzés ont en commun, c'est qu'ils ont tous deux des gènes qui mutent rapidement. Ces gènes sont principalement impliqués dans l'audition, la transduction du signal nerveux, la production de spermatozoïdes et la transmission des ions dans les cellules. La similitude génétique des quatre mammifères et des humains, le plus proche parent de l'homme est
Macaque gorille chimpanzé orang-outan
Personnes 93 % 98 % 99 % 97 %
Ils mutent beaucoup plus rapidement que des gènes similaires chez d'autres mammifères. Les scientifiques pensent que ces gènes peuvent déterminer les caractéristiques des primates. Comparés à d'autres animaux, les humains et les chimpanzés partagent certains gènes sujets aux maladies. Les scientifiques pensent que bien que ces gènes affaiblissent la résistance des primates dans leur ensemble, ils les rendent plus adaptables aux changements rapides de l'environnement. La première caractéristique du cerveau humain est que le cortex cérébral est développé, et le cortex cérébral des autres animaux est simple à développer, et la plupart d'entre eux n'ont que des fonctions physiologiques. Différentes capacités cérébrales :
(A) Le volume cérébral relatif des humains est le plus grand. Le volume cérébral du cerveau humain est environ trois fois celui du chimpanzé. Le cerveau humain n'est pas simplement un grossissement du cerveau du chimpanzé, mais présente des différences évidentes de structure.
(B) Les zones où le cerveau humain est significativement plus grand que le cerveau de chimpanzé sont le lobe temporal, le lobe pariétal et le lobe frontal. Le lobe pariétal s'agrandit vers le haut et vers l'arrière, comprimant et recouvrant une partie du lobe occipital, provoquant l'arrière la tête est plus ronde et plus pleine, et le lobe temporal fait face Il se développe des deux côtés et vers le haut, élargissant et augmentant le cas du cerveau.Les lobes pariétaux et temporaux sont fondamentalement agrandis dans la même proportion, et le plus grand changement réside dans le lobe frontal Le lobe frontal est non seulement simplement agrandi, mais plus que d'autres parties.Augmente à une vitesse rapide.
(C) Par rapport aux animaux, le lobe frontal, le lobe pariétal inférieur, la zone temporo-occipitale et la zone du pôle temporal sont particulièrement développés chez l'homme, à l'exception du renflement du tissu nerveux crânien dans ces parties. En plus de l'examiner, nous peut également voir l'anomalie du corps calleux qui relie le néocortex des deux hémisphères.
(D) En plus de la structure des tissus physiologiques, les systèmes de réseaux complexes de cellules, de gènes, de transmission, de signaux électroniques, d'ADN, etc., et les systèmes d'auto-rétroaction sont assez complexes et changeants. Cela détermine en grande partie les différentes différences entre l'activité élevée du système nerveux du cerveau humain et les activités du système nerveux des animaux tels que les chimpanzés et les singes.
(E) Les effets physiologiques coordonnés d'autres parties importantes du corps humain, telles que le cœur humain, les poumons, le système sensoriel, le sang, etc., ont également des rôles inséparables et diverses fonctions auxiliaires coordonnées. Ils sont étroitement liés à l'ensemble du système nerveux du cerveau. Par conséquent, l'activité du cerveau humain est très différente de celle des chimpanzés et des singes.
(F) Les activités du système nerveux du cerveau humain et des animaux tels que les chimpanzés et les singes sont assez similaires, en particulier le système cognitif le plus élémentaire, le système de perception, le système de transmission, le système de rétroaction, le système de réseau, etc. Bien sûr, les gènes cellulaires, l'ADN, les enzymes, les protéines, etc. seront très différents en termes de structure et de fonction profondes, ce qui conduit également à une division majeure entre les humains et les animaux, et à l'élargissement de l'écart entre une activité neuronale plus élevée et une plus faible activité neuronale. Contrôle biologique, structure cérébrale, variation génétique, etc.