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U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry looks inside the guardhouse at Checkpoint Charlie while touring Berlin, Germany, on October 22, 2014, following an event to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall, and before holding a bilateral meeting with German Chancellor Angela Merkel. [State Department photo/ Public Domain]
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Checkpoint Charlie (or "Checkpoint C") was the name given by the Western Allies to the best-known Berlin Wall crossing point between East Berlin and West Berlin during the Cold War.
The Soviet Union prompted the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961 to stop Eastern Bloc emigration westward through the Soviet border system, preventing escape across the city sector border from East Berlin to West Berlin. Checkpoint Charlie became a symbol of the Cold War, representing the separation of east and west. Soviet and American tanks briefly faced each other at the location during the Berlin Crisis of 1961.
After the dissolution of the Eastern Bloc and the reunification of Germany, the building at Checkpoint Charlie became a tourist attraction. It is now located in the Allied Museum in the Dahlem neighbourhood of Berlin.
Checkpoint Charlie was a crossing point in the Berlin Wall located at the junction of Friedrichstraße with Zimmerstraße and Mauerstraße, (which for older historical reasons coincidentally means 'Wall Street'). It is in the Friedrichstadt neighbourhood. Checkpoint Charlie was designated as the single crossing point (by foot or by car) for foreigners and members of the Allied forces. (Members of the Allied forces were not allowed to use the other sector crossing point designated for use by foreigners, the Friedrichstraße railway station).
The name Charlie came from the letter C in the NATO phonetic alphabet; similarly for other Allied checkpoints on the Autobahn from the West: Checkpoint Alpha at Helmstedt and its counterpart Checkpoint Bravo at Dreilinden, Wannsee in the south-west corner of Berlin. The Soviets simply called it the Friedrichstraße Crossing Point (КПП Фридрихштрассе). The East Germans referred officially to Checkpoint Charlie as the Grenzübergangsstelle ("Border Crossing Point") Friedrich-/Zimmerstraße.
Admission stamp applied to a passport at the East German (DDR) Friedrich/ Zimmerstraße crossing at Checkpoint Charlie. (1964)
As the most visible Berlin Wall checkpoint, Checkpoint Charlie is frequently featured in spy movies and books. A famous cafe and viewing place for Allied officials, Armed Forces and visitors alike, Cafe Adler ("Eagle Café"), is situated right on the checkpoint. It was an excellent viewing point to look into East Berlin, while having something to eat and drink.
The checkpoint was curiously asymmetrical. During its 28-year active life, the infrastructure on the Eastern side was expanded to include not only the wall, watchtower and zig-zag barriers, but a multi-lane shed where cars and their occupants were checked. However the Allied authority never erected any permanent buildings, and made do with the well-known wooden shed, which was replaced during the 1980s by a larger metal structure, now displayed at the Allied Museum in western Berlin. Their reason was that they did not consider the inner Berlin sector boundary an international border and did not treat it as such
Although the wall was opened in November 1989 and the checkpoint booth removed on June 22, 1990, the checkpoint remained an official crossing for foreigners and diplomats until German reunification during October 1990 when the guard house was removed; it is now on display in the open-air museum of the Allied Museum in Berlin-Zehlendorf. The course of the former wall and border is now marked in the street with a line of cobblestones. A copy of the guard house and sign that once marked the border crossing was later built where Checkpoint Charlie once was. It resembles the first guard house erected during 1961, behind a sandbag barrier towards the border. Over the years it was replaced several times by guard houses of different sizes and layouts . The one removed during 1990 was considerably larger than the first one and did not have sandbags.
Near the location of the guard house is the Haus am Checkpoint Charlie, a private museum opened in 1963 by Rainer Hildebrandt, which was augmented with a new building during the 1990s. The two Soldiers (one American and one Russian) represented at the Checkpoint Memorial were both stationed in Berlin during the early 1990s.
Developers demolished the East German checkpoint watchtower in 2000. The watchtower, which was the last surviving original Checkpoint Charlie structure, was demolished to make way for offices and shops. The city tried to save the tower but failed, as it was not classified as a historic landmark. As of August 2011, nothing has been built at this site and the original proposals for development have been terminated.
Checkpoint Charlie has become one of Berlin's primary tourist attractions. An open-air exhibit was opened during the summer of 2006. Gallery walls along the Friedrichstraße and the Zimmerstraße inform on escape attempts, how the checkpoint was expanded, and its significance during the Cold War, in particular the confrontation of Soviet and American tanks in 1961. An overview of other important memorial sites and museums on the division of Germany and the wall is presented as well. Tourists can have their photographs taken for a fee with actors dressed as allied military policemen standing in front of the guard house. Several souvenir stands with fake military items and stores proliferate as well.
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Berlin 1985. Checkpoint Charlie, Friedrickstrasse.
With the, 'You Are Entering The American Sector' painted sign in English, Russian, French and German It reads.
You Are Entering The American Sector
Carrying Weapons Off Duty Forbidden
Obey Traffic Rules
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The corner of Friedrichstrasse and Zimmerstrasse, Berlin - Checkpoint Charlie, not the museum, but the real place, more than 10 years later after its fall. The analogue photo was taken in September 2001.
Also a part of my accidental dustbin-series.
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This check point is still retained as a historical curio to remind you that Berlin lived as a divided city from 1961 to 1989. The third entry point from East to West Berlin. Charlie signifies only the letter C
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Rund 100 Menschen protestieren in Berlin gegen das diktatorische Regime im Tschad. Anlass der Demonstration unter dem Motto "Wir sind alle Zouhoura! Nein zur Gewalt an Frauen!" war ein sexueller Übergriff auf eine 16jährige Schülerin, an der nach Angaben der Veranstalter auch die Söhne von Regierungsmitgliedern und Generälen beteiligt waren. Die Protestierenden fordern eine Aufklärung der Verbrechen und die Bestrafung der Täter. Sie solidarisieren sich mit allen Frauen, die Gewalt und Unterdrückung ausgesetz sind.
Auf der Auftaktkundgebung am Checkpoint Charlie sprach auch ein Imam zu den Anwesenden.
Checkpoint Charlie was a crossing point between East and West Berlin during the Cold War. Others on the Autobahn to the West were Checkpoint Alpha at Helmstedt and Checkpoint Bravo at Dreilinden, southeast of Wannsee, named from the NATO phonetic alphabet. Many other checkpoints existed, some for German citizens, others for foreigners and members of Allied forces. Checkpoint Charlie is at the junction of Friedrichstraße with Zimmerstraße and Mauerstraße (which coincidentally means 'Wall Street') in the Friedrichstadt neighborhood, in the heart of Berlin, which was divided by the Berlin Wall. The Soviets simply called it the Friedrichstraße Crossing Point.
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Checkpoint Alpha and Bravo were Cold War crossing points between East and West Berlin at Helmstedt and Dreilinden respectively. Checkpoint Charlie, where Friedrichstraße crosses Mauerstraße, was and still is far more famous than these, or any of the many other crossing points.
Checkpoint Charlie is indeed probably the most famous symbol of the Cold War, ranking along with John Kennedy’s Bay of Pigs and Nikita Khrushchev’s "Мы вас похороним!", "We will bury you!" in 1956, or banging his shoe on the table at the UN General Assembly in 1960.
My own memory of the Cold War centres round the Cuban Missile Crisis. I was at primary school in Nairobi, and from all my science fiction reading I knew that Nairobi was one of the safest places to be, from the point of view of radioactive clouds. Not only did it lie on the Equator, well south of the inter-tropical convergence zone, but it is also nearly 2000m above mean sea level, which meant that much of the radioactive dust would have settled out of the atmosphere before reaching us. On the other hand, the US Air Force knew that too, and had planned to land at least some of any surviving B52s at what was then called Embakasi airport. And the Soviets knew it as well, so I guessed that they might reserve a small nuclear bomb just for us. I was 11; I can remember reading Mordecai Roshwald’s “Level 7” at that time and telling my friends about it while playing marbles in the dust.
My vocabulary was odd – but so was that of many of my school-mates. We bandied "second-strike capability”, “Mutually Assured Destruction”, “brinkmanship”, “ballistic missile”, "bomber gap", “détente”, “blast radius”, “Potemkin”, “SALT”, "missile gap", “radiation sickness”, “warheads”, “megaton”, “blast shadow”, “ICBM”, “ionizing”, “SLBM”, and other such morsels as children of other ages might have exchanged “barbed wire”, “Zeppelin”, “firing step”, “Mauser”, “raid”, “shrapnel”, “whizzbang”, “stick bomb”, “Mills bomb”, “over the top”, “machine-gun”, “trench”, “silent Susan”, “Lewis gun”, “mortar”, “howitzer”, “gangrene”, “Ross rifle”, “assault”, “gas”, “Maxim gun”, “mine”, “Lee Enfield”, “bayonet”, and “Stokes gun”. Those children, now dust, read lists of the dead and missing; we listened to the BBC World Service and tried to understand the shadow play unfolding out of our sight. In my childhood there were fewer dreams than nightmares – we grew up in the shadow of the mushroom, and we still, I think, bear the psychological scars of that frightening time.
So where do we stand with Checkpoint Charlie, then? It moved me to see it – though I know it is only a replica of the infamous wooden shed that the Americans maintained throughout those tense years. It’s a facsimile, a sham, a simulacrum – and beside it is Rainer Hildebrandt’s Haus am Checkpoint Charlie, which houses a weird and moving collection of memorabilia from that time, reminding all who care to visit of how so much was played out in shadow boxing, by proxy.
But all around it spreads the cancer of capitalism – and I do not refer so much to the soaring buildings of the new Berlin, but to the sleazy, touristy, tacky exploitation of a ruined generation. Hitler has a lot to answer for – but so do Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill, and so do each of us in our blindly unsustainable way of living.
Opposite Checkpoint Charlie, in the Soviet sector, stood a watchtower. Seven years ago developers secretly dismantled it. So vanished the last true memorial to this crossing point. Where it once glowered is a vacant lot behind panels retelling the history of the crossing. We make museums, but we spirit away the structures, as though humans cannot stand too much reality.
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Stealth Bomber?
A red star at the wall of the Haus am Checkpoint Charlie, Berlin.
Ein roter Stern am Haus am Checkpoint Charlie, Berlin.
Guessed in the Guess Where Berlin Group by SebastianBerlin!