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ST-0015
Constituents: Kuzu starch -long chain glucose polymers (thickener/ binder?), glycerin (plasticizer), sorbitol (sugar alcohol), kosher salt(function?), water
Material+ Process+ Structure: Ingredients mixed together, heated, and stirred till homogenous and poured into a mold as a bioplastic sheet. While it has many components, it is essentially it a homogenous material with it's own unique properties. With a lack of observable structure from the SEM, we could conclude that the material has a homogenous behavior. We can however, see the way in which the material has undergone a fracture which tell us something about the material without subjecting it to mechanical testing. In this case the bioplastic- a thin sheet was torn into smaller pieces, and the the crack pattern left its wake is sinuous, predominantly composed of smooth curves within a larger fractal pattern. Think of how this is different from the way ceramics crack- jagged and full of sharp edges.
Materials that are soft and flexible like this bioplastic tear, as opposed to how brittle materials like ceramics which shatter. But why do flexible materials tear and ceramics shatter? Simplistically speaking, flexible materials are made of bonds that bend before they break. As a result, they can absorb forces and energy before, and as, they fail and crack- leading to their sinuous crack patterns. Ceramics and other brittle materials are made of tight bonds that withstand applied forces without changing shape, and eventually, fracture beyond a certain point. When they do eventually fracture, the crack zips through the material as there is nothing to absorb its energy and affect the crack path.
If you haven't had enough of cracks- a fun story!
The US built 2710 Liberty Ships between 1941 and 1945 as a part of the WW2 ( 3 every 2 days) in shipyards across the country- including one in Rhode Island on the the site of the current Save the Bay headquarters! These ships experienced 1500 cases of fracture, with 3 ships breaking into 2 without warning. This puzzled naval architects and engineers as steel is not a brittle material and should not have failed without any indication of what was happening. Eventually, Constance Tipper from Cambridge university was able to figure out what was happening- by pioneering the use of SEM imagery in materials science! She observed that steel- a typically ductile material- was becoming brittle as the ships crossed cold Atlantic waters. At a certain low temperature, the steel changed behavior from ductile to brittle and any cracks that formed experienced a much lower resistance to propagation, growing much longer than they normally would in steel. Tipper inferred this from crack patterns she observed using microscopy. This helped the ship building industry to make appropriate changes in their designs in order to anticipate and bypass such material behavior. Recognizing her success, the Royal Society invited C. F. Elam (maiden name) for dinner to discuss her work, only to realize the C stood for Constance - and women were barred from the club. She graciously declined their invitation, and received a box of chocolates in "apology". Tipper's achievements weren't always formally recognized, but she left an enduring legacy, one of them being the test to measure brittleness in steel which was named in her honor - the Tipper test.
Sources: link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11837-015-1697-9.pdf
In this photo are a lot of chains and locks. This effect comes from using Picnik....a program that comes with Flickr.
A few boats chained up in Dartmouth, I didn't take as many photos as I'd have liked as I was only there for a couple of hours and the light was way too harsh, could tell that I wouldn't have been able to do the place justice.
Angler: Brady A. Dalgo, 4 Years old (caught on his birthday 6/12/2017)
Photo courtesy of Joshua Dalgo
RAF Sango WWII Chain Home, Chain Home Low Radar and GEE Station
Pictures taken in 2003, not Geocoded so not able to identify exact locations of each image.
Chain Home AMES No.57
Chain Home Low AMES No.57A
ID:MHG42379
Type of record:Monument
Name:WW2 Camp, Sango
Grid Reference:NC 4150 6750
Map Sheet:NC46NW
Civil Parish:DURNESS
Geographical Area:SUTHERLAND
A drive chain from one of the looms at Cotswold Woollen Weavers, Filkins, near Lechlade, Gloucestershire, UK GL7 3JJ
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Affiche de la campagne œcuménique 1986: "Briser les chaînes", à l'occasion des 25 ans de collaboration œcuménique.
The Chain Bridge was the first permanent bridge in Budapest; the nearest bridge was in Vienna and during wintertime the only way to cross the Danube was by taking a ferry. A temporary bridge was only available in the summer: it had to be disassembled each year to protect it against drift ice.
Chains used to open the gates into one of Belfast's Clarendon dry docks, built in 1851, now restored and at the centre of a business park. Across the Victoria Channel from here lie the giant pair of yellow Haland & Wolff cranes that dominate the Belfast skyline, plus the dry dock where the Titanic was built.
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Woolworths is an Australian chain of supermarkets and grocery stores owned by Woolworths Group.
Founded in 1924, Woolworths today is Australia's biggest supermarket chain with a market share of 33% as of 2019.
As of the end of June 2020, there were 987 Woolworths supermarkets and 64 Woolworths Metro convenience stores.
The Széchenyi Chain Bridge is a suspension bridge that spans the River Danube between Buda and Pest, the western and eastern sides of Budapest, the capital of Hungary. Designed by the English engineer William Tierney Clark, it was the first permanent bridge across the Danube in Budapest, and was opened in 1849.
It is anchored on the Pest side of the river to Széchenyi (formerly Roosevelt) Square, adjacent to the Gresham Palace and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and on the Buda side to Adam Clark Square, near the Zero Kilometer Stone and the lower end of the Castle Hill Funicular, leading to Buda Castle