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Ruins of a cellulose factory in Lower Silesia/Poland. The plant was built in 1911. It produced sulphite cellulose for the production of paper.
Ruins of a cellulose factory in Lower Silesia/Poland. The plant was built in 1911. It produced sulphite cellulose for the production of paper.
Il mondo sta sprecando quantità anomali di carta, preserviamo i nostri boschi, sprechiamo meno carta !
Stop paper waste !
Nella foto la secolare magnolia di fondo giardino nel parco di villa Lignola ora abbattuta.
Novaceta S.p.A. was an Italian company operating in the chemical-textile sector, producing continuous acetate yarn (Rayon Acetate) from cellulose triacetate derived from trees. This was a highly complex and specialised process, only achievable by a few companies in the world: Novaceta was the European (60% of the European market share in 2001) and world leader in the sector. The quality of the products was very high and appreciated by all customers. Novaceta brand Rayon Acetate was used to produce fabrics with a soft and delicate hand, silky appearance, bright and vivid colours, good breathability, hygroscopicity, antistaticity and comfort. Foulards, ties, shirts, ladies' dresses, velvets and tapestries were just some of the final products.
Dat het in de Eemshaven vrij donker kan zijn bewijst deze foto maar weer.
In de nacht van 22 Juli 2021 staat de DB Cargo 6418 klaar voor vertrek bij Eemshaven aansluiting met aan de haak 7 beladen schuifwandwagens en 1 onbeladen wagen om niet veel later te vertrekken onder nummer 62525 richting Onnen. Vanuit daar zullen de wagens meegaan met de UC 61300 naar Kijfhoek om vervolgens verder te reizen naar het Oostenrijkse Gratkorn waar de cellulose gebruikt gaat worden voor papierfabriek Sappi.
In de avond van 21 Juli 2021 reed de een na laatste van de 5 treinen beladen met cellulose bestemd voor papierfabriek Sappi in het Oostenrijkse Gratkorn vanuit Wagenborg in de Eemshaven. De 6418 had weer de taak om de wagens dit keer op te halen. Doordat onlangs de meeste sporen in de Eemshaven zijn vernieuwd hoeft de trein nu niet meer geduwd terug te rijden naar Eemshaven aansluiting om om te lopen. Dit kan nu op de sporen van de Sugar terminal.
Op de foto is de 6418 zojuist omgelopen om niet veel later te vertrekken richting de aansluiting en uiteindelijk Onnen.
Ruins of a Cellulose Factory M. in Lower Silesia/Poland. The plant was built in 1911. It produced sulphite cellulose for the production of paper.
NS SD70ACe 1199 is running solo as it leads 353 westbound between Pearisburg and Narrows, VA on a warm Fall afternoon. The Celanese plant across the river can be seen in the background. It originally began operation in December 1939. Today the plant produces cellulose acetate in flake and tow forms and employees around 1000 people.
A Hollander beater is a machine developed by the Dutch in 1680 to produce paper pulp from cellulose containing plant fibers. It replaced stamp mills for preparing pulp because the Hollander could produce in one day the same quantity of pulp it would take a stamp mill eight days to prepare.
However, the wooden paddles and beating process of a stamp mill produced longer, more easily hydrated, and more fibrillated cellulose fibers; thus increasing the resulting paper's strength. The Hollander used metal blades and a macerating action to separate the raw material, resulting in shorter cellulose fibers and weaker paper. Further, the metal blades of the Hollander often introduced metal contaminants into the paper as one metal blade struck another. These contaminants often acted as catalysts for oxidation that have been implicated in browning of old paper called foxing.
In turn, the Hollander was (partially) replaced by the conical refiner or Jordan refiner, named after its American inventor Joseph Jordan, who patented the device in 1858.
A Hollander beater design consists of a circular or ovoid water raceway with a beater wheel at a single point along the raceway. The beater wheel is a centrifugal compressor or radial impeller cylinder parallel to a grooved plate, similar to the construction of a water wheel or timing pulley. Under power, the blades rotate to beat the fiber into a usable pulp slurry. The beater wheel and plate do not touch, as this would result in cutting. The distance between the two is adjusted to increase or decrease the pressure on the fibers when passing through the beater.
The objective of using a beater (rather than another process like grinding, as many wood-pulp mills do) is to create longer, hydrated, fibrillated fibers. (Fibrillated fibers are abraded to the extent that many partially broken-off fibers extend from the main fiber, increasing the fiber's surface area, and hence its potential for hydrogen bonding). Grinding of fibers is not desirable. Therefore, the "blades" are not what might be thought of as "sharpened", and well-designed beaters make it possible to minimize the shear action of the rotating blades against the bottom of the water raceway.
Ruins of a cellulose factory in Lower Silesia/Poland. The plant was built in 1911. It produced sulphite cellulose for the production of paper.
ÖBB 1293 015-4, 1293 043-6 & 1293 062-6 + TRANSWAGGON AB, Helsingborg Laaiis & Habbiins (cellulose) # ScandFibre-Logistics Gävle (S) >>> Verona (I).
Op 20 Juli 2021 bracht DB Cargo de een na laatste van de 5 treinen die beladen worden met cellulose naar de Eemshaven. Op de foto heeft de 6418 zojuist de wagens het terrein van Wagenborg op geduwd waar de set in 3 delen geplaatst zal worden. Overdag zouden de wagens beladen worden met cellulose bestemd voor papierfabriek Sappi in het Oostenrijkse Gratkorn.
Op dinsdag 20 juli reed DB-Cargo de eennalaatste van de vijf aanvoertreinen voor het vervoer van Cellulose vanuit Wagenborg dat gevestigd is in de Eemshaven. Op deze avond werd een poging gedaan de aanvoertrein tijdens zijn stop in Usquert te fotograferen in het blauwe uur en de volledige bediening in de Eemshaven.
De klokt tikt 22:30 wanneer er in de verte het gebrul van de 6418 te horen is en voor een 10-minuten stop tot stilstand komt in Usquert met aan de haak welgeteld acht schuifwandwagens. Vanwege de hoge heg langs het spoor werd op provisorische wijze de foto gemaakt: de hoogstatief van mijn maat neerzetten met de ladder ernaast zodat de camera met de hand bediend kon worden.
Na talloze mislukte foto’s gemaakt te hebben (mede door het bewegen van de statief), reed Arriva binnen. Er moest echt haast gemaakt worden voor het perfecte plaatje. Echt op een paar seconden voordat de 6418 ging aanzetten werd de perfecte foto afgedrukt en kon met enige blijdschap naar de Eemshaven gereden worden voor de bediening bij Wagenborg.
Ruins of a cellulose factory in Lower Silesia/Poland. The plant was built in 1911. It produced sulphite cellulose for the production of paper. In 1950, over 300 people worked here. The factory, like many others, did not survive the system changes.
Ruins of a cellulose factory in Lower Silesia/Poland. The plant was built in 1911. It produced sulphite cellulose for the production of paper.
48304 (Vlissingen Sloe -) Kijfhoek - Düren Vorbhf.
One of the best liveries of the Euro 9000-locs in my opinion.
* Some ugly graffiti removed/reduced on the 1st and 2nd wagon.
The helper EMD locomotives, coupled to the train loaded with DPU, enter the Marialva yard. A not very common scene, was the mixture of locomotives and paintings of their railroads, like this: RUMO(the company that runs the railroad), ALL(RUMO's predecessor), BRADO (from the intermodal container business) and Klabin (from the cellulose paper manufacturing and transportation business). Photo taken near the entrance to the Marialva yard, in a late afternoon almost at night.
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As locomotivas EMDs do helper, acopladas no trem carregado com o DPU, adentram o pátio de Marialva. Uma cena não muito comum, foi a mistura de locomotivas e pinturas de suas ferrovias, assim temos: RUMO(a companhia que administra a ferrovia), ALL(antecessora da RUMO), BRADO (do ramo intermodal de contêineres) e Klabin (do ramo de fabricação e transporte de papel celulose). Foto tirada próximo a entrada do pátio de Marialva, em um fim de tarde já quase noite.
A backlit reel of 16mm film, its sprocket holes showing a kind of snakeskin effect, although not as distinctive as with 35mm film.
The waviness, although in keeping with the Wavy Lines theme, is, sadly, one artifact of vinegar syndrome, a form of decomposition named after the strong, distinctive odor of acetic acid, a key ingredient in vinegar among other uses. As the film deteriorates, it shrinks and warps, ultimately to the point where the film can no longer run through a projector. While methods exist to slow the decay process, no recognized method exists to rejuvenate VS-infected acetate film.
Novaceta S.p.A. was an Italian company operating in the chemical-textile sector, producing continuous acetate yarn (Rayon Acetate) from cellulose triacetate derived from trees. This was a highly complex and specialised process, only achievable by a few companies in the world: Novaceta was the European (60% of the European market share in 2001) and world leader in the sector. The quality of the products was very high and appreciated by all customers. Novaceta brand Rayon Acetate was used to produce fabrics with a soft and delicate hand, silky appearance, bright and vivid colours, good breathability, hygroscopicity, antistaticity and comfort. Foulards, ties, shirts, ladies' dresses, velvets and tapestries were just some of the final products.
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fibre that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the mallow family Malvaceae.
The fibre is almost pure cellulose. Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will increase the dispersal of the seeds.
Within 80–100 days after planting, the plant develops white blossoms, which change to a reddish colour.
The fertilised blossoms fall off after a few days and are replaced by small green triangular pods, called bolls, that mature after a period of 55–80 days.
During this period the seeds and their attached hairs develop within the boll, which increases considerably in size.
The seed hair, or cotton fibre, reaching a maximum length of about 6 cm (2.5 inches) in long-fibre varieties, is known as lint.
When ripe, the boll bursts into a white, fluffy ball...
Have a great day and thank you for your visit, so very much appreciated, Magda, (*_*)
For more: www.indigo2photography.com
IT IS STRICTLY FORBIDDEN (BY LAW!!!) TO USE ANY OF MY image or TEXT on websites, blogs or any other media without my explicit permission. © All rights reserved
cotton, bur, ball, lint, hair, white, plant, "studio design", ripe, "conceptual art", colour, black-background , "Nikon D7200", square, "Magda indigo"
Perfect for Thanksgiving decorations, the Turkey tail (Trametes versicolor) is a species of fungus that closely resembles—drum roll—a turkey’s tail. As a bracket fungus, named because of its shelf-like form, its job is to break down either the lignin or cellulose in rotting wood.
This branch of Tan Bark Oak on our coastal camp is covered with the colorful mushrooms.
Double click to enlarge for better details. The iPhone is surprisingly sharp
AS ALWAYS....COMMENTS & INVITATIONS with AWARD BANNERS will be respectfully DELETED!
De dag begon heerlijk zonnig maar toen ik bij Breda ergens mijn wettelijk verplichte pauze moest nemen, was dat allang voorbij. Toch ben ik maar even bij Baarschot gaan kijken, waar de zon in een klein uur welgeteld éénmaal kwam kijken, maar wel net toen 189 098 met cellulosetrein 45725 van Sloe richting Venlo passeerde!
My 2,000 plus rolls of film which are equivalent to 60,000 frames of slides and negatives have survive for decades. Now, no idea if my 60,000 digital files will be there in the future.
(Spanish: Mis negativos y transparencias que pasan de 60,000 fotos han sobrevivido décadas. Pero no estoy seguro si mis archivos digitales, los cuales son también 60,000 sobrevivirán).
Disused and abandoned Coal Burning Lime Kilns can be found in various locations in the Peak District,
Leftover relics of a time gone by for producing burnt lime.
Burnt lime is produced in a process in which roughly crushed stone, is heated in a shaft furnace to temperatures of around 1,100 °C. In this process – often called calcination – the limestone is broken down into calcium oxide, known as burnt lime.
After burning, the burnt minerals are crushed into fractions suitable for their intended application. Burnt lime is used in areas such as the manufacture of iron and steel, cellulose production and the mining industry. Burnt products are also used to treat water and flue gases. Finer fractions of burnt lime are also used in the production of slaked lime.
Buxton and the Peak District is well know for Lime Burning processes due to the abundance of calcitic Limestone that is quarried in the area,
Most Lime Burning these days is carried out in modern fully automatic Gas Burning Rotary Kilns.
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My first remote controlled boat. Built from a plan in a model boat magazine 34 years ago, I only fairly recently retro fitted RC to allow it to be used in the boating pond. The superstructure is built from a "Cornflake" Cereal box but has stood the test of time thanks to a coating of cellulose dope and Humbrol paints. Balsa wood was used during the refit. Photo taken on my dining room table using window light with card background.
For Macro Mondays theme 'Imperfection'.
I have thought about photographing a holly leaf skeleton for a while, but have been unable to find one that was undamaged. But this week's theme meant that breaks and gaps in the skeleton were desirable! The delicate structure of this decayed holly leaf has broken down in places, giving rise to 'imperfections' in the otherwise perfect lattice.
Photographed with my macro lens plus three extension tubes as a 9-shot focus stack.
#AbFav_PHOTOSTORY
#AbFav_TEXTURES
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fibre that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the mallow family Malvaceae.
The fibre is almost pure cellulose. Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will increase the dispersal of the seeds.
Within 80–100 days after planting, the plant develops white blossoms, which change to a reddish colour.
The fertilised blossoms fall off after a few days and are replaced by small green triangular pods, called bolls, that mature after a period of 55–80 days.
During this period the seeds and their attached hairs develop within the boll, which increases considerably in size.
The seed hair, or cotton fibre, reaching a maximum length of about 6 cm (2.5 inches) in long-fibre varieties, is known as lint.
When ripe, the boll bursts into a white, fluffy ball...
Have a great day and thank you for your visit, so very much appreciated, Magda, (*_*)
For more: www.indigo2photography.com
IT IS STRICTLY FORBIDDEN (BY LAW!!!) TO USE ANY OF MY image or TEXT on websites, blogs or any other media without my explicit permission. © All rights reserved
cotton, bur, ball, lint, hair, white, plant, "studio design", ripe, "conceptual art", colour, black-background , "Nikon D7200", square, "magda indigo"
#MacroMondays #Tape
Scotch tape was invented in 1930 by banjo-playing 3M engineer Richard Drew. Scotch tape was the world's first transparent adhesive tape. Drew also invented the first masking tape in 1925—a 2-inch-wide tan paper tape with a pressure sensitive adhesive backing.
The Scots did not invent Scotch tape. But their reputation for thriftiness did inspire the name of this amazing product. Two-tone cars were the in thing way back in the 1920s and car manufacturers were faced with the problem of how to cut clean, crisp lines between the colours. Before spraying on the paint, they would mask one side of the line with newspaper to create a sharp, straight edge. This worked well, except for the fact that it was hard to remove the glued-on newspaper after the job was done.
Scotch Brand Cellulose Tape was invented five years later. Made with a nearly invisible adhesive, the waterproof transparent tape was made from oils, resins, and rubber; and had a coated backing.
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Shot with an "old" Vivitar Series-1 90/2.5 Macro lens , who shared the honor with the illustrious Leitz Dual Range Summicron of having the highest resolution of any lenses tested by (now defunct) Modern Photography Magazine.
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beauté mortelle de l'activité humaine !
l'injustice se nourrit de nos envies... et comme ma fille ne comprend pas ma pensée : toutes les injustices du monde se nourrisent de nos envies
égocentriques...
Deadly beauty of human activity!
the injustice thrives on our desires ... and as my daughter does not understand my thought all the injustices of the world come from our egocentric desires ...
¡La belleza mortal de la actividad humana!
injusticia se alimenta de nuestros deseos ... y como mi hija no entiende mi pensamiento todas las injusticias del mundo provienen de nuestros deseos egocéntricos
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photos de minéraux : www.flickr.com/photos/artzethic/collections/7215762604784...
photos de coquillages : www.flickr.com/photos/artzethic/collections/7215762723660...
photos figurines RPG www.foto-figurines.com/
photos canaux de Patagonie www.noname.fr/patagonie
phots du Maroc www.noname.fr/maroc
Squirrels mate once or twice a year and have their young between three to six weeks later, the young are born naked toothless and blind, normally it is the female who looks after the young and they are weaned between six to ten weeks. Unfortunately many squirrels die in the first year of their life, but they can have a lifespan of 5 to 10 years in the wild and in captivity they can have a lifespan of 10 to 20 years. The front teeth of the squirrel grow throughout its life and the cheeck teeth are set back behind a wide gap for chewing their food. Squirrels cannot digest cellulose therefore they must rely on foods rich in protein, during the colder months of the year this can be very difficult because some of the food they have buried have started to grow making the food not edible and they now have to rely on new tree buds etc.
Le 855 du CFQG vient de traverser Thurso et continue sa route vers Masson. En arrière-plan, l’usine de papier Fortress Cellulose, définitivement fermée.
QGRY train 855 has just passed through town of Thurso and continue its route towards Masson. In the background, we can see the Fortress Cellulose paper factory, definitely closed.
Commercially manufactured cigarettes are seemingly simple objects consisting mainly of a tobacco blend, paper, PVA glue to bond the outer layer of paper together, and often also a cellulose acetate–based filter. While the assembly of cigarettes is straightforward, much focus is given to the creation of each of the components, in particular the tobacco blend, which may contain over 100 ingredients, many of them flavourants for the tobacco. A key ingredient that makes cigarettes more addictive is the inclusion of reconstituted tobacco, which has additives to make nicotine more volatile as the cigarette burns.
P.S. "i dont smoke"
Tempo ist die erste deutsche Marke für Papiertaschentücher.
Der Markenname verselbständigte sich in Deutschland im Laufe der Zeit als Gattungsname und man bezeichnete in der Umgangssprache häufig auch Papiertaschentücher anderer Marken kurz als „Tempo“
Das Einweg-Papiertaschentuch aus Zellstoff war die Produktidee der Gebrüder Rosenfelder der beiden führenden Inhaber der Vereinigten Papierwerke AG. Bereits am 29. Januar 1929 ließen sie das Warenzeichen Tempo beim Reichspatentamt in Berlin anmelden.
Das Stammwerk der Vereinigten Papierwerke befand sich in Heroldsberg bei Nürnberg, wo bereits vor 1929 Hygieneartikel hergestellt wurden. In den Jahren bis 1933 übernahmen erst Heimarbeiter das Falten der Taschentücher.
2021-02-12
Tempo is the first German brand for paper handkerchiefs.
In the course of time, the brand name became independent in Germany as a generic name and paper handkerchiefs from other brands were often referred to as "Tempo" in everyday language.
The disposable paper handkerchief made of cellulose was the product idea of the Rosenfelder brothers, the two leading owners of the United Paper Works AG. As early as January 29, 1929, they registered the Tempo trademark with the Reich Patent Office in Berlin.
The main factory of the United Paper Works was in Heroldsberg near Nuremberg, where hygiene articles were already being manufactured before 1929. In the years up to 1933, only homeworkers took over folding the handkerchiefs ...
2021-02-12
Tren con celulosa de Transap con las locomotoras SD49 D-2801 y SD40 D-3001 llegando desde el sur a Hualqui.
Train with Transap's cellulose with the locomotives SD49 D-2801 and SD40 D-3001 coming from the south to Hualqui.
Aquí traigo algo que estaba pendiente respecto de esta foto:
Here I bring something that was hanging respect of this photo:
www.flickr.com/photos/deutzhumslet/3963969771/
Su video / The video : www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Cd3bjZ5QaY
For probably 80 years this tree stood proudly growing by the lakeshore, its branches towering 100 feet into the air. It has been somewhat of a landmark at the end of Indiana Avenue. You can see Lake Michigan there in the background.
Many a Bald Eagle has perched in its branches, looking down into the Lake for fish to scoop up and eat.
It has been dead for many years, but it had still stood strong and beautiful. Sadly, as I was walking the lakeshore two weeks ago I saw it had fallen down and given up its ghost.
I know it will slowly recycle and feed the earth with its cellulose fiber, enriching the soil. Still, it made me sad to see it lying there in its last resting place. The cycle of life brings beauty, enrichment, and emotions.
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fibre that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the mallow family Malvaceae.
The fibre is almost pure cellulose. Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will increase the dispersal of the seeds.
Within 80–100 days after planting, the plant develops white blossoms, which change to a reddish colour.
The fertilised blossoms fall off after a few days and are replaced by small green triangular pods, called bolls, that mature after a period of 55–80 days.
During this period the seeds and their attached hairs develop within the boll, which increases considerably in size.
The seed hair, or cotton fibre, reaching a maximum length of about 6 cm (2.5 inches) in long-fibre varieties, is known as lint.
When ripe, the boll bursts into a white, fluffy ball...
Have a great day and thank you for your visit, so very much appreciated, Magda, (*_*)
For more: www.indigo2photography.com
IT IS STRICTLY FORBIDDEN (BY LAW!!!) TO USE ANY OF MY image or TEXT on websites, blogs or any other media without my explicit permission. © All rights reserved