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La cathédrale Saint-Nicolas de Fribourg, de style gothique rayonnant, domine le centre de la ville médiévale de Fribourg en Suisse. Elle est construite sur un éperon rocheux surplombant de 50 mètres la rivière Sarine. Dédiée à saint Nicolas, elle est depuis 1924 le siège du diocèse de Lausanne, Genève et Fribourg.
Fondation
La première église Saint-Nicolas est liée à la fondation de la ville de Fribourg. En l'absence de charte de fondation, les recherches historiques ont permis de retenir la date de 1157, lorsque le duc Berthold IV de Zähringen (ca 1125 – 1186), de passage dans la région, fonda une cité sur une terrasse surplombant la Sarine. L'église paroissiale aurait été fondée dans la foulée, sur un terrain qui n'accueillait alors aucun autre édifice religieux - rien n'étayant la fondation antérieure de l'actuelle basilique Notre-Dame.
Le 6 juin 1182, l'évêque de Lausanne, Roger de Vico Pisano (1178 – 1212), consacra l'église, qui était certainement encore en construction. Cette dédicace est rappelée liturgiquement le 26 août dans le calendrier diocésain. Contrairement à d'autres fondations semblables, l'église acquit rapidement – malgré une dispute entre le fondateur et le prieuré clunisien de Payerne au sujet du terrain – une certaine autonomie au plan canonique : elle ne dépendit jamais d'une des paroisses alentour (en particulier de la paroisse de Villars-sur-Glâne) et constitua un doyenné mentionné dès 1228 dans le cartulaire de Lausanne. On ne sait quasiment rien de l'édifice original.
Église cathédrale
Ce n'est qu'en 1924 que la collégiale devint cathédrale du diocèse nouvellement nommé de Lausanne, Genève et Fribourg. Le chapitre collégial devint simultanément chapitre cathédral, remplaçant l'ancien chapitre du diocèse de Lausanne, éteint après la fuite de ses membres à Evian lors de la Réforme. La même année, le droit d'élection du curé fut confié aux électeurs catholiques de la ville – privilège abandonné en 1972, à la suite du concile de Vatican II – et le chapitre dut céder ses droits sur les paroisses qui lui étaient encore incorporées.
À travers ces changements, l'église Saint-Nicolas était restée le siège de la paroisse éponyme, mais son territoire avait changé en raison de la création de nouvelles paroisses. Le quartier des Planches, avec l'érection de la paroisse St-Jean, avait été détaché de la paroisse de Tavel en 1511 et la rue des Forgerons, de celle de Guin en 1570. Le mouvement fut relancé en 1872 avec la création des rectorats de St-Maurice, dans le quartier de l'Auge, et de St-Pierre, dans le quartier des Places – rectorats qui deviendront paroisses en 1924 – puis l'érection de la paroisse du Christ-Roi, dans le quartier de Pérolles, en 1943, et de celle de Sainte-Thérèse, en 1960. La cathédrale Saint-Nicolas constitue aujourd'hui le siège de l'évêque de Lausanne, Genève et Fribourg, de son chapitre cathédral et de la paroisse Saint-Nicolas/Saint-Paul.
Source: fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_Saint-Nicolas_de_Fr...
To the left is the small village of Villarbeney and in the middle is Botterens, on the right start the entrance into the valley that leads to Val-de-Charmey.
Fribourg Cathedral (French: Cathédrale Saint-Nicolas de Fribourg) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Fribourg, Switzerland, built in the Gothic style, on a rocky outcrop 50 metres above the river Sarine (Saane), dominating the medieval town below. It is the episcopal seat of the Diocese of Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg.
The main body of the church was started in 1283 and completed by 1430. The tower was completed in 1490. It is 76 metres (250ft) tall and houses 11 bells. It also features a rose window above the main portal with stained glass by Harrison Weltlich (1988). The stained-glass windows, designed by the Polish painter Jozef Mehoffer and made by local craftsmen Kirsch & Fleckner between 1896 and 1936, constitute one of the most important collections of religious Art Nouveau stained-glass windows.[citation needed]
Originally a parish church, in 1945 it became the cathedral of the Diocese of Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fribourg_Cathedral?wprov=sfla1
fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_Saint-Nicolas_de_Fr...
I found a cool robber fly in the San Bernardino mountains this morning. It was hanging upside down like this and was quite still most of the time, making it a good subject for focus stacking. I'll post a higher magnification stack at some point as well. This is a 20-shot stack at 100mm.
I agonised over the colour on this shot for ages. It is a handheld shot taken really late in the day. The car was in the shadows, but the foliage was capturing a lot of golden sunlight. Lots of colourful reflections were also taking away from the sleek, black look of the car. It seemed that every edit I tried, made the car turn blue or the overall saturation looked really unnatural. Eventually, I decided to go down a different path and turned to a black & white. I'm really happy that I did. I think it makes the car really "pop" in the photo and stand out from the background.
For those of you who enjoy black and white photography, please visit and join my new group www.flickr.com/groups/fabworldinbw/ where a lot of very talented photographers and artists are sharing their extraordinary work.
At the foreground you see a Whisper Boat on the river Berkel. At the background is the Berkel Gate.
The Berkelpoort (Berkel gate) dates from the 14th century and was formerly part of Zutphen's city wall.
Zutphen
In about 300 AD, a Germanic settlement was the first permanent town on a complex of the low river dunes. Whereas many such settlements were abandoned in the early Middle Ages, Zutphen, on its strategic confluence of IJssel and Berkel, stayed. After the incorporation of the IJssel lands in Charlemagne's Francia, Zutphen became a local centre of governance under a count. The Normans raided and ravaged it in 882. Afterwards, a circular fortress was built to protect the budding town against Viking attacks.
In the eleventh century, Zutphen was a royal residence for a number of years; a pfalz was built, together with a large chapter church, the predecessor of the present St. Walburgis. The counts of Zutphen acquired a lot of power until the line of counts became extinct in the twelfth century. After the death of her father and her brother, Ermengarde, the heiress of Zutphen married the count of Guelders; her son Henry I, Count of Guelders was the first to wear both titles.
The settlement received town rights between 1191 and 1196, making it one of the oldest towns in the country. This allowed it to self govern and have a judicial court. Only Utrecht, and Deventer preceded it in receiving town rights.
The old centre survived the Second World War almost in its entirety. However, some parts of the city were lost, especially the area around the railway station, in the northern part of the city centre, known as the Nieuwstad (English: New City). The city centre includes many monumental buildings dating back to the 14th and 15th centuries, and some even date back to the 13th century, such as a retirement home area. There are also remains of the old town walls in several places.
Today, Zutphen is a modern small city. The urban area, which includes the village of Warnsveld, has about 51,000 inhabitants.
Moscow, Russia
Also known as the "fairy tale house", this Neo-Russian style mansion was built in 1907 with idea "Moscow spirit and tradition hand in hand with the modern demands". The most famous artists and architects participated in the competition for the best house design, but the victory was won by the lesser-known Sergei Malyutin (artist) and Nikolai Zhukov (architect).
Дом Перцовой (Перцова).
Tulip Stairs are located at Inigo Jones's beautifully designed Queen's House in Greenwich. The sweeping Tulip Stairs are one of the original features of the Queen’s House. This ornate, wrought iron structure was the first geometric self-supporting spiral stair in Britain.
For those of you who enjoy black and white photography, please visit and join my new group www.flickr.com/groups/fabworldinbw/ where a lot of very talented photographers and artists are sharing their extraordinary work.
Creeping Foamflower has the widest range of any Tiarella species in eastern North America, from Wisconsin across the eastern half of the Great Lakes region into the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, and from there, south into Kentucky, Virginia, Tennessee, and North Carolina.
It is typically found in moist, rich, deciduous woods with a fairly open understory, in partial to full shade. Trees associated with the species include sugar maple, white ash, yellow birch, American beech, eastern hemlock, and northern white-cedar. (Wikipedia)
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The shady trail from the visitor centre into the dense growth of the marsh had several pockets of this pretty native plant lighting the way.
Tiny Marsh, Ontario, Canada. May 2023.
According to the artist Olafur Eliasson, the sculpture „Umschreibung“ is supposed to create movement without destination, a space defined by motion rather than walls.
Artist: Lieven Hendriks
acrylic on polyester canvas
Lieven Hendriks
Lieven Hendriks (1970) grew up near Arnhem, studied at the Utrecht School of the Arts and was a resident of De Ateliers in Amsterdam. His work is found in museum collections at home and abroad, including at Museum Voorlinden, ESMoA Los Angeles and Centraal Museum in Utrecht.