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The red laterite rocks eroded by water and wind have developed into a magnificent vista in this corner of West Bengal.
Tucked away in the south-western corner of West Bengal is Gangani (or Gongoni), a nearly 70- feet deep natural canyon carved by the River Shilabati. Or, as the local people believe, it was the upheaval resulting from a fight between the demon Bakasura and the Pandava brother Bheem which dented the rocks. Local people also refer to it as Gangani Danga. Although far from the original in look and size, the place is popularly called the Grand Canyon of Bengal.
Portrait of Chota Bheem, Male Tiger, Bandhavgarh National Park, India DoP: 05-03-2021. Nikon D500 with 200-500mm lens.
Bandhavgarh, India
Sony A1, FE 100-400 GM OSS
Time for another Tiger image, this one is named Chota Bheem.
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The lake is located at a height of 2730 m above sea level. With deep blue waters, the lake is held sacred to the sage Prashar and he is regarded to have meditated there. Surrounded by snow-capped peaks and looking down on the fast flowing river Beas, the lake can be approached via Drang. There is a round, floating island inside the lake, which is a common natural phenomenon found all around the world. It is composed of plant matter in various stages of decomposition, and is held aloft by the oxygen in its plants' roots. The floating land moves in all directions in the lake. The floating land covers 7% of area of lake whereas water is with 93%.
The temple was built in the thirteenth century and legend has it was built by a baby from a single tree. The lake has a floating island in it and it is said to be unclear how deep it is, with a diver not being able to determine its depth.
It is believed that Sage Prashar meditated on the banks of this lake, hence it is named as Prashar Lake. Bhima, one of the Pandava brothers, had created the lake. The story says, after the Kurukshetra / Mahabharat war, Pandavas were returning with Lord Kamrunag. When they reached this place, Kamrunag loves the tranquil surroundings and decides to live here forever. So, Bheem (the strongest of the lot) rams his elbow on one of the mountains and creates a big dent in the land. This dent became Prashar Lake.
(Taken from Wikipedia)
Bhima the Mighty must not only be grand and awe inspiring but must look so in person too. The thespian here ensures that the turn out is awe inspiring.
From the Indian epic Mahabharata, Bhima is one of the Pandava brothers. He is the one who wields a heavy mace and is supposed to be the hot headed and strongest of the five brothers in terms of physical prowess.
Yakshagana is a dance drama form of performance that was very popular in a very small segment of Karnataka in India. Now there are not too many dedicated artists who can carry on with the demanding format of the performance and the popular medium of story telling has shifted to the cinema halls and the television and the internet. A few of the dedicated organisations have managed to continue to keep this disappearing act still going on as of now.
Dates
Taken on January 30, 2011 at 4.45pm IST (edit)
Posted to Flickr July 19, 2012 at 3.07AM IST (edit)
Exif data
Camera Nikon D300
Exposure 0.017 sec (1/60)
Aperture f/1.8
Focal Length 50 mm
ISO Speed 360
Exposure Bias 0 EV
Flash No Flash
_DSC9123 nef cu sat br sh tfm
Most of the toys visible in the streets and shops of India seem to be coming from China. The cartoon characters represented are a popular mix from different regions of the world. A new generation of cartoon characters to fascinate and mesmerize children. My 8 year old daughter is an authority on the subject. I took her help to identify the characters in the photograph. From L-R : Chhota Bheem, Minnie Mouse, Ben 10, Doraemon, Angry Bird, Spiderman.
This 800 years old Veera Narayana temple at Belavadi, Karnataka, is free from hustle and bustle of tourists, though it is very near to crowded Halebidu and Belur temple. It is believed that Pandav prince Bheem killed Bakasura in this Belavadi village. This lonely child depicted the tranquility of the temple atmosphere. This is a beautiful place to search inner peace.
Chhota Bheem is an Indian children's animation series, focusing on the adventures of a small boy named Bheem in the fictional city of Dholakpur. The series was launched in 2009. As of 2012 it has aired over 120 episodes. The series quickly became popular and soon emerged as the number one Indian animation show in all of India.
Photograph taken at Tajpur sea beach, near Digha, West Bengal. I told the little girl, playing on the sea beach, to show her Chhota Bheem.
Brahma Kamal flower has many mythological references. Ganesh's elephant head was fixed with the water of this flower. Mahabharata also mentions about this flower, which Bheem was searching for Draupadi and eventually met lord Hanuman.
During my recent trip to Uttarakhand, I visited my relatives in Danya, a small town in the Almora district. My younger brother told me about this beautiful sunset from the hills of Danya that I should click.
So, after a hike of about half a mile, I reached this very large rock, named 'Bheem Patthar, which was placed there by the Pandav King Bheem, as per the legend. I rested there for a while, breathing in the chilly wind as I enjoyed the colourful sky. After relaxing for a few minutes, I took this picture of the view. It was surreal.
On an overcasted Morning Balaghat-Jabalpur NG Passenger arrives JBP Station led by Chota Bheem aka MIB ZDM-3A
വായുപുത്രനായ ഹനുമാന് തന്റെ സഹോദരനായ ഭീമസേനനെ ആദ്യമായി കാണാന് പോകുന്ന നിമിഷത്തെക്കുറിച്ച് ആലോചിച്ച് സന്തോഷവാനായി നില്ക്കുന്നു. പാഞ്ചാലിക്കുവേണ്ടി കല്യാണം സൌഗന്ധികം അന്വേഷിച്ചിറങ്ങിയ ഭീമന് കദളീ വനത്തിലെത്താന് പോകുന്നതാണ് സന്ദര്ഭം.
Hanuman, the mighty son of vaayu bhagavaan is looking forward to meet his brother bheem, one of the pandavas and one with the strength of a thousand elephants. Bheem is in search of kalyana saugandigam flower for his wife. The tale is from Mahabharatha.
കല്യാണസൌഗന്ധികം ഓട്ടന് തുള്ളല്. കോഴിക്കോട് കടല്പ്പുറത്ത് ജില്ലാ ടൂറിസം പ്രമോഷന് കൌണ്സില് സംഘടിപ്പിക്കുന്ന “ഉത്സവം” എന്ന കേരള കലാരൂപങ്ങളുടെ മേളയില് നിന്നും.
അവതരിപ്പിക്കുന്നത് നാദാപുരം മാതാ. കലാകാരന് പ്രഭാകരന് പുന്നശ്ശേരി
kalynasaugandigam ottamthullal performance organized by kozhikkode district tourism promotion counsil. The tourism department is organizing a series of cultral events by the name "utsav" and it started in november.
performed by nadapuram matha & the artist is prabhakaran punnasseri.
Thullal (ottamthullal) is distinct for its simplicity of presentation, wit and humour. It follows the classical principles of Natyasasthra (a treatise on art compiled in the 2nd century B.C). Ottanthullal is the most popular among its three varieties. The other two are Seethankan and Parayan Thullal. Thullal is a solo performance combining dance and recitation. Staged during temple festivals, the performer explicates the verses through expressive gestures. Themes are based on mythological stories. Humour, satire and social criticism are the hallmarks of this art form. The Thullal dancer is accompanied by a singer who repeats the verses.
www.jaimalayalam.com/malakavitha2.htm
www.naturemagics.com/kerala-ethnic-traditional/ottanthull...
This was taken during a native festival of south India. This particular dance version is called Theru kooththu, one of the oldest form of dance of Tamil nadu state. In this, the performers decorate themselves in unique manner to usually depict an epic character. This performer dressed himself as mighty Bheem - A charterer represents strength and power in ancient Hindu epic called Mahabharat,
So, here comes our hero !!!!!
The most awaited Diesel Locomotive for almost all the railfans of India......
5500hp WDG5 50001 BHEEM
It is the most powerful diesel locomotive of Indian Railways ever built. AFAIK, very soon this locomotive will start its service !!!
I click this picture from the International Railway Journal, April 2012 issue. I uploaded it in flickr just to share it with my friends, I do not have any commercial purpose. If the owner wants; then I shall DELETE this photo ASAP.
... my 3 year old son, got a new sunglass with lights along with watch of "Chota Bheem". He is displaying both of these here in this picture.
Strobe: SB700 on TTL, camera left at 30 digrees
This new loco of the Indian Railway has that Indian look at its long hood end.The loco was attached to the Howrah Mail , being pushed by a WDM-3A , at Ambala Cantt.
The short hood end of the brand new WDG-5 , nicknamed 'Bheem'.A very long loco this one , has 20 cylinders in V , arrangement and has just been built in Feb 2012.
264 metre gauge steam locomotives of the YL class were built between 1952 and 1956. The first ten engines - including this 5001 - were built by Robert Stephenson & Hawthorns in the United Kingdom. The further 254 were built by Hitachi, Henschel and Mavag.
____________________
LOCOMOTIVES OF INDIA
The locomotives of India presently consist of electric and diesel locomotives. Steam locomotives are no longer used in India, except in heritage trains. A locomotive is also called loco or engine.
The Bengal Sappers of the Indian Army were the first to run a steam locomotive in India. The steam locomotive named ‘Thomason’ ran with two wagons for carrying earth from Roorkee to Piran Kaliyar in 1851, two years before the first passenger train ran from Bombay to Thane in 1853.
CLASSIFICATION OF LOCOMOTIVES
In India, locomotives are classified according to their track gauge, motive power, the work they are suited for and their power or model number. The class name includes this information about the locomotive. It comprises 4 or 5 letters. The first letter denotes the track gauge. The second letter denotes their motive power (Diesel or Electric) and the third letter denotes the kind of traffic for which they are suited (goods, passenger, mixed or shunting). The fourth letter used to denote locomotives' chronological model number. However, from 2002 a new classification scheme has been adopted. Under this system, for newer diesel locomotives, the fourth letter will denote their horsepower range. Electric locomotives don't come under this scheme and even all diesel locos are not covered. For them this letter denotes their model number as usual.
A locomotive may sometimes have a fifth letter in its name which generally denotes a technical variant or subclass or subtype. This fifth letter indicates some smaller variation in the basic model or series, perhaps different motors, or a different manufacturer. With the new scheme for classifying diesel locomotives (as mentioned above) the fifth item is a letter that further refines the horsepower indication in 100 hp increments: 'A' for 100 hp, 'B' for 200 hp, 'C' for 300 hp, etc. So in this scheme, a WDP-3A refers to a 3100 hp loco, while a WDM-3F would be a 3600 hp loco.
Note: This classification system does not apply to steam locomotives in India as they have become non-functional now. They retained their original class names such as M class or WP class.
THE CLASSIFICATION SYNTAXES
THE FIRST LETTER (GAUGE)
- W – Indian broad gauge (the "W" Stands for Wide Gauge - 5 ft 6 in)
- Y – metre gauge (the "Y" stands for Yard Gauge - 3 ft or 1000mm)
- Z – narrow gauge(2 ft 6 in)
- N – narrow gauge (toy gauge) (2 ft)
THE SECOND LETTER (MOTIVE POWER)
- D – diesel
- C – DC electric (can run under DC overhead line only)
- A – AC electric (can run under AC overhead line only)
- CA – both DC and AC (can run under both AC and DC overhead line); 'CA' is considered a single letter
- B – Battery electric locomotive (rare)
THE THIRD LETTER (JOB TYPE)
- G – goods
- P – passenger
- M – mixed; both goods and passenger
- S – shunting (also known as switching engines or switchers in the USA and some other countries)
- U – multiple units (EMU/DMU)
- R – Railcars
For example, in "WDM 3A":
- "W" means broad gauge
- "D" means diesel motive power
- "M" means suitable for both goods and passenger service
- "3A" means the locomotive's power is 3,100 hp ('3' stands for 3000 hp, 'A' denotes 100 hp more)
Or, in "WAP 5":
"W" means broad gauge
"A" mean AC electric traction motive power
"P" means suitable for Passenger service
"5" denotes that this locomotive is chronologically the fifth electric locomotive model used by the railways for passenger service.
BROAD GAUGE (5 ft 6 in) LOCOMOTIVES USED IN INDIA
STEAM TRACTION
COMPANY DESIGNS
In the nineteenth century, the various railway concessions ordered locomotives to their own specification, usually from British manufacturers. This multiplicity of similar, but different designs, increased manufacturers' costs and slowed production. During the 1890s, British manufacturers had full order books, so Indian railway companies looked to Germany and the United States for locomotives.
BENGAL NAGPUR RAILWAY
- Class F – 0-6-0
- Class GM – 2-6-0. Probably modified.
- BNR class HSG – 2-8-0+0-8-2 Garratt homed at Bengal Nagpur Railway (BNR) now Eastern Railway and South-Eastern Railway. First successful Garratts in India.
- Class M – 4-6-2. Probably modified.
- BNR class N – 4-8-0+0-8-4 Garratt. Largest locomotive to run in India. Highest capacity to hold water as compared to any Garratt in the world. One is preserved at National Rail Museum, Delhi.
- BNR class NM – 4-8-0+0-8-4 Garratt. Similar to N class. Ten built in 1931 by Beyer Peacock. Withdrawn in the late 1960s.
- BNR class P – 4-8-2+2-8-4 Garratt. Four built by Beyer Peacock in 1939. In the early 1970s, they were at Bhilai (BIA) shed before being withdrawn.
BOMBAY, BARODA AND CENTRAL INDIAN RAILWAY
- BB&CI class P – 4-6-2;
- Class A - 2-4-0T. Probably an Atlantic. Belonged to Palej shed.
- Class U36 – 0-4-2 used for hauling suburban trains at Mumbai.
- Class D1 – 4-4-0. One of them named Princess May.
- Class M – 4-6-2. Probably modified.
EASTERN BENGAL RAILWAY
EAST INDIAN RAILWAY COMPANY
- Class CT – 0-6-4T. Probably converted to Super-heater.
- EIR class G – 2-2-2T. First two named Express and Fairy Queen Built in 1856, the latter is the world's oldest locomotive to be in working order. Later rebuilt by Perambur Loco Works. Housed at E.I.R.
- EIR class P – 4-6-0;
GREAT INDIAN PENINSULA RAILWAY
- GIPR classes Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 – 0-8-4T. Used on Thull ghat as bankers (for pushing trains up the ghat).
- GIPR Class F – 2-6-0.
- GIPR Class F3 – 2-6-0.
- GIPR class J1 – 0-6-0
- Class D4 – 4-6-0. One named Hero.
- Class D5 – 4-6-0 Passenger locomotive.
- Class E1 – 4-4-2 Atlantic built by North British Locomotive Co. Ltd between 1907-8. Rebuilt with super-heater between 1925-28.
- Class T – Tank locomotive was used for hauling Mumbai suburban trains on G.I.P.R.
- Class Y – 2-8-4T
- Crane Tank – 0-6-0T. One is preserved at National Rail Museum, New Delhi.
MADRAS AND SOUTHERN MAHRATTA RAILWAY
- M&SM class V – 4-4-0. One is preserved.
- Class BTC – 2-6-4T. Based on BESA specifications.
- Class T – 0-4-2 at Madras.
NIZAM´S GUARANTEED STATE RAILWAY
- NSR class A - 2-6-0T owned by Nizam State Railway (NSR). One (No. 48) preserved at National Rail Museum,Delhi. Probably an Atlantic.
NORTH WESTERN RAILWAY (BRITISH INDIA)
- Class EM – 4-4-2 probably modified. One preserved at National Rail Museum,Delhi.
- NWR class GAS – 2-6-2+2-6-2 Garratt owned by North
Western Railway (NWR) now most of which is in Pakistan. Only one built in 1925. Retired in 1937.
- NWR class P – 2-4-0;
- Class E1 – 4-4-2.
- Class N1 – 4-8-0
OUDH AND ROHILKHAND RAILWAY
- Class B26 – 0-6-0. One preserved at National Rail Museum,Delhi.
SOUTH INDIAN RAILWAY
OTHERS
- Class B – 2-6-0.
- Class E – 2-4-0.
- Class F – 2-8-2 built between 1926-1950 by Nasmyth Wilson for service on Central Railway (CR).
- Class G – 2-6-0 probably meant for freight.
- Class NA2 –
- Class PTC – 2-6-4T owned by Delhi at Northern Railway (N.R.). Probably Converted Passenger locomotives.
- Class Y2 – 2-8-2T. These are reclassified L2.
- Phoenix – 0-4-0T. One is preserved at National Rail Museum, Delhi
- Ramgotty – 2-2-0T. One is preserved at National Rail Museum, Delhi. Converted to Broad Gauge. Oldest locomotive at National Rail Museum, Delhi.
- Sultan, Sahib and Sindh – These are the ones which hauled the legendary train from VT to Thana in 1853.
BRITISH ENGINEERING STANDARDS ASSOCIATION (BESA) DESIGNS
After acrimonious words in The Times and Parliament, the British Engineering Standards Committee (later British Engineering Standards Association or BESA) began to design a series of locomotives for use by all railways in India. The first two designs emerged in 1903: a 4-4-0 passenger, and 0-6-0 goods. The designs were revised in 1905 and 1906 with additional types added due to requests for heavier and more powerful locomotives:
- Class SP – Standard Passenger – 4-4-0;
- Class SG – Standard Goods – 0-6-0;
- Class PT – Passenger Tank – 2-6-4T;
- Class HP – Heavy Passenger – 4-6-0;
- Class AP – Atlantic Passenger – 4-4-2;
- Class HG – Heavy Goods – 2-8-0;
- Class HT – Heavy Tank – 2-8-2T.
These BESA designs however were advisory, not mandatory, and were customized by the railway companies to their own taste. The railway companies could not even agree to use the same classification system: only the state operated railways used the class designations SP, SG, PT, HP, AP, HG and HT. Once superheating became accepted, superheated versions were classified SPS, SGS, etc. if built with superheaters, and SPC, SGC, etc. if converted from saturated to superheated.
INDIAN RAILWAYS STANDARD (IRS) DESIGNS
After World War I, new, larger, more powerful locomotives were designed by the British consulting engineers to the Indian Government. These started to appear from 1927 onwards:
- Class XA – branch passenger 4-6-2 design, 12.5-ton axleload;
- Class XB – light passenger 4-6-2 design, 17-ton axleload;
- Class XC – heavy passenger 4-6-2 design, 19.5-ton axleload;
- Class XD – light goods 2-8-2 design, 17-ton axleload;
- Class XE – heavy goods 2-8-2 design, 22.5-ton axleload;
- Class XF – light shunting 0-8-0 design, 18-ton axleload;
- Class XG – heavy shunting 0-8-0 design, 23-ton axleload;
- Class XH – 4-cylinder 2-8-2, 28-ton axleload (none built);
- Class XP – experimental passenger 4-6-2, 18.5-ton axleload;
- Class XS – experimental 4-cylinder 4-6-2, 21.5-ton axleload;
- Class XT – light tank 0-4-2T, 15-ton axleload.
WORLD WAR II DESIGNS
During World War II, large numbers of 2-8-2 locomotives were acquired from the United States and Canada, and were designated as classes AWD and CWD respectively. The Baldwin Locomotive Works adapted the USATC S160 Class locomotive design India which became class AWC. 60 broad gauge locomotives were built in 1944 as part of an order of 180 locomotives to the S160 design. In addition to modified frame spreaders, axles, cylinders, and cab, the Indian locomotives had a turbo-generator and electric lighting fitted, which was not included in the standard design for use in Europe. Many parts, including boilers, were identical to those used for the standard gauge locomotives.
INDIAN GOVERNMENT RAILWAYS (IGR) STANDARD DESIGNS
Shortly before World War II, new classes were designed; but it would post-war before many of them came into service. These new designs were signalled by the change of broad gauge prefix from 'X' to 'W'. In addition, plans were put into place to start manufacturing locomotives in India. The new classes were:
- Class WP – passenger 4-6-2, 18.5-ton axleload;
- Class WG – goods 2-8-2, 18.5-ton axleload;
- Class WL (1st) – light 4-6-2, 16-ton axleload (four for North Western Railway in 1939; all to Pakistan at Partition);
- Class WL (2nd) – light 4-6-2, 16.75-ton axleload;
- Class WM – 2-6-4T, 16.25-ton axleload;
- Class WT – 2-8-4T, 18-ton axleload;
- Class WU – 2-4-2T, 16.5-ton axleload;
- Class WV – 2-6-2T, 16.25-ton axleload;
- Class WW – 0-6-2T, 16.5-ton axleload.
All broad gauge steam locomotives in India have been withdrawn from normal service, with only occasional steam specials continuing to operate.
DIESEL TRACTION
CLASSIFICATION CODES
- WDM – Wide Diesel Mixed
- WDP – Wide Diesel Passenger
- WDG – Wide Diesel Goods
- WDS – Wide Diesel Shunter
- WCDS – Wide Converted Diesel Shunter
MIXED TYPE LOCOMOTIVES
- WDM 1 (First mainline diesel electric locomotives used in India. Introduced in 1957. Imported from ALCO. Out of service now. 1950 hp)
- WDM 2 (Most widely used and first homemade mainline diesel-electric locomotives in India. Original prototypes were made by ALCO. Introduced in 1962. More than 2700 have been made. Rated at 2600 hp)
- WDM 2A,WDM 2B (Technical variants of WDM 2. WDM2A stands are dual braked and WDM2B are air braked usually)
- WDM 2G It is the first Multi-Gen-set locomotive of Indian Railway manufactured by DLMW, Patiala in 2013. As of February 2014 only one loco has entered service and has been numbered as #80000. It has been cleared for a max. speed of 105 km/h.
- WDM 3 (Only 8 were imported. They used hydraulic transmission and are currently non-functional. 2500 hp. 120 km/h. Built in 1970 by Henschel & Son)
WDM 3A (Formerly WDM 2C. Another WDM 2 variant. It is not related to WDM 3. Max speed 120 km/h. 30450kgf of tractive effort. Built since 1994) One of the most heavily used diesel locomotives in India at present.
- WDM 3A R (Formerly WDM 2. It is a rebuilt with DBR fitted on Short Hood. It is not related to WDM 3. They are rebuilt at DLMW, Patiala)
- WDM 3B (Co-Co bogies. Rated at 120 km/h. Homed at Uttar Pradesh sheds. 23 built by DLW. Similar to WDM3D. 3100 hp)
- WDM 3C, WDM 3D (higher powered versions of WDM 3A. 3300 hp. WDM3C is rebuilt from WDM2. WDM3C max speed 120 km/h. WDM3D max speed 160 km/h)
- WDM 3E (Reclassified as WDM 3D. Restricted to freight at 105 km/h. 8 units known. Manufactured by DLW. 3500 hp)
- WDM 3F Manufactured by Diesel Locomotive Works (DLW). 3600 hp. HAHS bogies. Conventional DBR. Air brake only.
- WDM 4 (Entered service along with WDM 2. Prototypes designed by General Motors. Though considered superior to WDM 2 in many ways, these locomotives weren't chosen as General Motors did not agree to a technology transfer agreement. 2600 hp)
- WDM 6 (Very rare class; only two were made; Exported to Sri Lanka. Rated at 1350 hp. Max speed 75 km/h. 19200kgf tractive effort. Fabricated Bo-Bo bogies)
- WDM 7 (Fifteen of these locos were built from June 1987 through 1989, they were designed for branch-line duties, but they are now used mostly for shunting. Rated at 2000 hp)
Note: No locomotive class was designated as WDM 5 in India.
PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVES
- WDP 1 (Bo-Bo bogies. 80 tons weight. Rated speed of 140 kmph. 12 cylinder engine. 2300 hp. Built by DLW in 1970. Homed at Vijayawada and Tughlakabad sheds only.)
- WDP 2 (New class name WDP 3A. Dedicated passenger diesel locomotive. Entered service in 1998. Max speed 140kmph. Built by DLW. 29.25 tons of tractive effort. 3100 hp)
- WDP 3 (These locomotives are actually prototypes of the class WDP 1 and never entered serial production. Designed in 1996 by DLW. 2300 hp. Co-Co bogies.)
- WDP 4 (EMD (former GM-EMD) GT46PAC, fundamentally a passenger version of the WDG 4 (GT46MAC). 4000 hp)
- WDP 4B (EMD (former GM-EMD) GT46PAC, An improved version of the WDP 4, this is a more powerful version and has 6 traction motors, just like the WDG 4. Also comes with wider cabin to aid visibility and minor exterior design changes.As of now,serial production of the single cab locomotives has been stopped. 4500 hp)
- WDP 4D (EMD (former GM-EMD) GT46PAC, This is basically a - WDP 4B with twin cabs. Minor changes were made to the locomotive to facilitate the addition of a second cabin. This locomotive comes with LCD instrument display and toilet for the drivers. Has entered serial production and regular service. 4500 hp.
GOODS LOCOMOTIVES
- WDG 2 (New class name WDG 3A. These class is actually a technically upgraded form of WDM 2. Max speed 100 km/h. Built by DLW)
- WDG 3B, WDG 3C, WDG 3D (Technical upgraded forms of WDG 2 or WDG 3A. WDG 3B and WDG 3C are rebuilt to WDG 3A. WDG 3C is rated at 3330 hp.)
- WDG 4 (Dedicated goods locomotives. These are General motors' GT46MAC models. First units were imported in 1999. They are numbered from #12000 upward till #12999 and #70000 upwards. Local production started in 2002. 4000-4500 hp)
- WDG 4D (Technical variant of WDG4 with dual cabs. IGBT. Max speed 105 km/h restricted to 100 km/h. Air conditioned cabs. First dual cab freight dedicated diesel engine in India)
- WDG 5 (Another Freight dedicated Locomotive developed by Diesel Locomotive Works and Supported by Electro Motive Diesels. First unit was rolled out from DLW on 25 February 2012. They are numbered from #50001 upward (Two produced as of 29 April 2015). Rated at 5500 hp. Equipped with Fire Control System, TFT Display and Driver's Toilet. The locomotive/series is named 'BHEEM', after the strong Pandav brother from epic of Mahabharat. The locomotive has completed its trials and has entered serial production. These locomotives are assigned to the Sabarmati Diesel Loco Shed.
SHUNTING LOCOMOTIVES (also known as switching engines)
- WDS 1 (First widely deployed and successful diesel locomotives used in India. Imported in 1944-45. currently out of service. 386 hp)
- WDS 2 (o-C-o bogies. 8 cylinder engine. Homed at Central Railway. Max speed 54 kmph. Built by Kraus Maffei in 1954-55. 440 hp. 15420kgf of tractive effort)
- WDS 3 (All locomotives of this class were rebuilt and reclassified as WDS 4C in 1976-78. 618 hp. 17100kgf of tractive effort. Built in 1961)
- WDS 4,WDS 4A,WDS 4B,WDS 4D (Designed by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works. 600-700 hp. C bogies. Built between 1968-97.)
- WDS 4C (Rebuilt by CLW, WDS 3 locos as mentioned above. 700 hp. 18000kgf tractive effort. C bogies. Out of service. Max speed 65kmph.)
- WDS 5 (Some of these locomotives are used for industrial shunting. A few are used on Indian Railways. Rated at 1065 hp)
- WDS 6 (Heavy-haul shunters made in large numbers for industrial concerns as well as for Indian Railways Rated at 1200/1350 hp)
- WDS 6R, WDS 6SL and WDS 6AD (Technical variants of WDS 6. WDS6SL is exported to Sri Lanka. WDS6AD has a max speed of 50 kmph and a 6-cylinder engine.)
- WDS 8 (Only five of these were made by CLW, and all were transferred to steel works 800 hp. Max speed 35kmph. 22000kgf tractive effort)
There were also a few hydraulic diesel shunters in use at Integral Coach Factory, Diesel Locomotive Works and Chittaranjan Locomotive Works. These were rated at 250 hp.
Note: There is no electric shunting engine in India. Classes from WDS 1 to WDS 4D have hydraulic transmission. The WDS 4, 4B, 4C and 4D are the only still existing broad gauge locomotives with diesel-hydraulic transmission.
CONVERTED LOCOMOTIVES
WCDS6 is a converted YDM4 locomotive into a broad gauge locomotive. This rebuilding was carried out by the Golden Rock shed. It was built for large industrial concerns. The first one was delivered to RITES. Rest being same, new water and air lines are added. They also have a modified control stand and dual brake system. Also, they have Broad Gauge bogies and under-frames.
DIESEL MUTIPLE UNITS
A few routes in India currently have Diesel multiple unit service. Depending on the transmission system they are classified as DEMU (diesel-electric transmission) or DHMU (diesel-hydraulic transmission). There are diesel railcar service in a few places known as 'railbus'.
DC ELECTRIC TRACTION
Note: These locomotives are no longer used, or were used only in sections around and in Mumbai which is the only location in India still or was using DC traction. The power operated is 1500V DC.
MIXED TYPE LOCOMOTIVES
- WCM 1 (First electric locomotives with the now familiar Co-Co wheel arrangement to be used in India. Seven built by English Electric at Vulcan Foundry in 1954–55. 3700 hp)
- WCM 2 (Out of service. Co-Co bogies. 120 kmph speed. 12 Built by Vulcan Foundry between 1956-57. Modified by RDSO. 3120 hp)
- WCM 3 (3600 hp. Co-Co – Used in Kolkata, then transferred to Mumbai; three built by Hitachi in 1958. Out of service. Max speed 120kmph)
- WCM 4 (4000 hp. Co-Co – seven built by Hitachi in 1960. Out of service. Rated at 120 kmph. Meant for freight. 31300kgf tractive effort)
- WCM 5 (Built by Chittaranjan locomotive works to RDSO's design specifications. Auxiliaries by Westinghouse and North Boyce. Built in 1962, these are India's first indigenously designed DC electric locomotives. The first was named Lokamanya after the freedom fighter Bal Gangadhar Tilak. 3700 hp Co-Co.)
- WCM 6 (5000 hp, only two were built in 1995 by CLW. Now converted to run on AC power. 105kmph initially now restricted to 65kmph )
PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVES
- WCP 1, WCP 2 (GIPR EA/1 and EA/2. Historically very important locomotives as these are the very first electric loco to be used in India. The first locomotive was named as Sir Roger Lumley and is currently preserved in the National Rail Museum, New Delhi. Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works (SLM) built one in 1928 and 21 in 1930 (WCP1), and one in 1938 (WCP2). 1′Co2′ wheel arrangement; 2160 hp)
- WCP 3, WCP 4 (GIPR EB/1 and EC/1, these are also among the earliest electric locos used in India. One of each class built by Hawthorn Leslie and Company in 1928; 2′Co2′ wheel arrangement.)
GOODS LOCOMOTIVES
- WCG 1 (GIPR EF/1. These are Swiss crocodile locomotives imported in 1928 from Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works (ten) and Vulcan Foundry (30). These are among the earliest electric locos used in India. The first locomotive was named as Sir Leslie Wilson and is currently preserved in the National Rail Museum, New Delhi. 2600–2950 hp)
- WCG 2 (Designed by Chittaranjan locomotive works in 1970. 57 built until 1977. 4200 hp. Max speed 90kmph. 35600kgf tractive effort. Were used extensively around the year 2000 when Mumbai was out of traction power. Out of service.
ELECTRIC MULTIPLE UNITS
WCU 1 to WCU 15 (Used in Mumbai region only)
AC ELECTRIC TRACTION
The 25 kV AC system with overhead lines is used throughout the rest of the country.
MIXED TYPE LOCOMOTIVES
- WAM 1 (Among the first AC electric locomotives used in India. Introduced in 1959. Now out of service. 3010 hp. Max speed 112kmph)
- WAM 2 (Out of service. Bo-Bo Bogies. Max speed 112 kmph. Built by Mitsubishi between 1960-64. 2910 hp. 25240kgf tractive effort)
- WAM 3 (Out of service. Bo-Bo bogies. Same as WAM 2 except for reverse pantographs. Built in 1964 by Mitsubishi)
- WAM 4 (Indigenously designed by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works in 1970. Highly powerful class. One of the most successful locomotives in India. 3850 hp)
- WAM 4B, WAM 4P, WAM 4PD, WAM 4PR, WAM 4PDBHS, WAM 46PD, WAM 4PDB3P, WAM 42S3P, WAM 46PDBHS, WAM 46PE, WAM 4G, WAM 4H and WAM 4E (Technical variants of WAM4)
PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVES
- WAP 1 (Designed by Chittaranjan locomotive works in 1980 for the Kolkata-Delhi Rajdhani Express. A very successful class. 3900 hp. Max speed 130 kmph).
- WAP 2 (Decommissioned in the late 1980s. Similar to WAM2 & 3. 4 built. Also had Flexicoil Mark-ll bogies. 2910 hp. Only 4 units built)
- WAP 3 (Rebuilt to WAP-1. Similar to WAP-1. Approximated speed of 160 kmph restricted to 145 kmph. 5 Built since 1987.)
- WAP 4 (Upgraded from WAP 1 for higher loads by Chittaranjan locomotive works in 1994. One of the most successful locomotives in India. Very powerful class. 5000 hp. Tested for Max speed 160 kmph. Restricted to 140 kmph)
- WAP 5 (Imported in 1995 from Switzerland and used on premier express trains. 5450 hp. Max speed tested for 184 kmph. Restricted to 160 kmph)
- WAP 6 (Most of them rebuilt to WAP-4. Max speed 170 kmph. 16 built by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works in 1997. 5000 hp.)
- WAP 7 (Same design as WAG 9 with modified gear ratio. Highly powerful class. 6000 hp. Tested for 155 kmph. Restricted to 140 kmph. Built by CLW since 2000)
GOODS LOCOMOTIVES
- WAG 1 (Out of service after 2002. B-B bogies. Max speed 80 km/h. Built by several builders between 1963-66. 2930 hp. First freight dedicated locomotive under AC traction)
- WAG 1S (Technical variants of WAG 1)
- WAG 2 ( Out of service. B-B bogies. Max speed 80 km/h. WAP 2 are technical variants of WAG 2. Built by several builders between 1964-65. 3450 hp)
- WAG 3 (Out of service. Monomotor bogies. Max speed 80 km/h. 10 Built in 1965. 3590 hp. 30000 kgf tractive effort. Above 6000 tons hauling capacity up to 70 km/h on level track)
- WAG 3A (Technical variant of WAG 3)
- WAG 4 (Out of service. B-B bogies. Max speed 80 km/h. Technical variants are WAG 4A,D. Built by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works between 1966-71. 3590 hp)
- WAG 5 (The most successful electric locomotives in India. Designed by Chittaranjan locomotive works in 1984. More than 1100 were made. 3850 hp)
(WAG 5A, WAG 5B, WAG 5D, WAG 5E, WAG 5H, WAG 5HA, WAG 5HB, WAG 5HD, WAG 5HE, WAG 5PE, WAG 5RH - Technical variants of WAG 5)
- WAG 6A (Imported from Allmänna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget (ASEA). 6110 hp. Max speed 100 km/h. Bo-Bo-Bo Bogies. The most powerful non-3 phase AC electric locomotives in India)
- WAG 6B, WAG 6C (Variants of WAG 3A. Built by Hitachi in 1988. Regenerative brakes. 44950 kgf tractive effort. Upgradeable to 160 km/h)
- WAG 7 (Very successful class. Built by CLW and BHEL. 5350 hp. 41000kgf. Max speed 100kmph. 123tons in weight)
- WAG 7H (Technical variant of WAG7 with 132tons of weight and 45000kgf of tractive effort. Two units built)
- WAG 8 (Out of service. Similar in looks to WCAM 2 and technically to WCAM 3. Built by BHEL in 1998. Experimental class)
- WAG 9 (Currently the most powerful class in India, rated at 6350 hp. Same design as WAP 7 with modified gear ratio. Designed by Adtranz, Switzerland.)
(WAG 9H, WAG9i and WAG9Hi - Technical variants of WAG9. WAG9H is the heavier version. WAG9i is the one fitted with IGBT traction converters. WAG9Hi is probably a combination of WAG9H and WAG9i)
ELECTRIC MULTIPLE UNITS
- WAU 1 to WAU 4
DUAL (both AC and DC) traction
Main article: Indian Railways WCAM class
Note: These locomotives are used only in sections around Mumbai. They can run under AC traction too. The main purpose behind the manufacture of these type of locomotives was to provide transportation in and out Mumbai area without changing the engine.
-MIXED TYPE LOCOMOTIVES
WCAM 1 (Designed by Chittaranjan Locomotive works, total 53 were built and supplied between 1975-79. All owned by Western Railway) Only locomotive currently used having reverse pantographs. Now decommissioned.
- WCAM 2/2P (Designed by Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, total 20 were built and supplied between 1995-96. Tested 135kmph under AC)
- WCAM 3 (50 Designed by Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited. 4600 hp under DC traction and 5000 hp under AC traction. All owned by Central Railway. Most widely used loco in the Mumbai Pune section).
GOODS LOCOMOTIVES
- WCAG 1 (12 Designed by Bharat heavy electricals limited between 1999-2000. Similar to the WCAM 3 in outer structure. 4600 hp under DC traction and 5000 hp under AC traction.
Note: There is no dedicated dual current passenger locomotive in India, but in Mumbai area, there are some EMUs which can run under dual traction.
BATTERY TRACTION
In 1927, English Electric and WBC built 2 shunters for use in yards at Bombay(now Mumbai). They had Bo-Bo bogies. Rated at 240 hp. They weighed 58 tons.
METRE GAUGE (3 ft 3⅜ in) LOCOMOTIVES USED IN INDIA
STEAM TRACTION
COMPANY TYPES
Nilgiri Mountain Railway X class
BESA DESIGNS
Passenger 4-6-0
Mixed-traffic 4-6-0
Goods 4-8-0
Tank 2-6-2T
WARTIME DESIGNS
Class MAWD – 2-8-2 USATC S118 Class
Class MWGX – 4-6-2+2-6-4 Garratt
INDIAN RAILWAY STADARDS DESIGNS
- Class YA – 4-6-2 with 9-ton axleload (none built);
- Class YB – 4-6-2 with 10-ton axleload
- Class YC – 4-6-2 with 12-ton axleload
- Class YD – 2-8-2 with 10-ton axleload
- Class YE – 2-8-2 with 12-ton axleload (none built)
- Class YF – 0-6-2; later examples were 2-6-2
- Class YK – 2-6-0 version of the 2-6-2 YF
- Class YL – 2-6-2
- Class YT – light 0-4-2T
- Class YG – 2-8-2 goods locomotive
- Class YP – 4-6-2 passenger locomotive
DIESEL TRACTION (MIXED TYPE ONLY)
- YDM 1 - The first diesel locomotives on 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) metre gauge. Imported from Britain in 1955. They were 20 in number. Mainly found on Western Railway. Phased out by the 1990s.
- YDM 2 - Originally used on Southern Railway. Built by CLW. Only 41 in numbers. Mostly used for shunting purposes or to pull short passenger trains.
- YDM 3 - Produced by GM-EMD in 1961-62. (Model no. GA-12). Mainly found near Ahmedabad. (Sabarmati Loco Shed).
- YDM 4 - Most widely and successful diesel locomotive used in India on meter gauge. 550 units produced by DLW (Varanasi) and Alco. Found in Mhow, Sabarmati Phulera, Lumding, Coonoor, Villupuram, Izatnagar Sheds and many other sheds.
- YDM 4A - The 99 locos supplied by Montreal Locomotive Works in 1964-69.
- YDM 5 - Same specifications as of YDM-3 but an addition of 10 t (9.8 long tons; 11.0 short tons) weight to the axles. Supplied by GM-EMD in 1964.
Currently all diesel locomotives except YDM-4 and YDM-4A are supposed to be withdrawn from service.
ELECTRIC TRACTION
ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES
- YCG 1 (These locomotives are among the earliest electric locomotives in India. This class was imported to serve the Chennai area in the early 1930s.)
- YAM 1 (These locomotives were in service until 2002 around Chennai. 1740 hp). 20 were Imported from Japan
ELECTRIC MULTIPLE UNITS
- YAU class (First EMU service in India. Introduced in the 1920s in Chennai area).
NARROW GAUGE (2 ft 6 in and 2 ft) LOCOMOTIVES USED IN INDIA
STEAM TRACTION (2 ft 6 in)
COMPANY DESIGNS
- Barsi Light Railway class A – 0-8-4T
- Barsi Light Railway class B – 4-8-4T
- Barsi Light Railway class C – 0-6-0ST
- Barsi Light Railway class D – 0-4-0
- Barsi Light Railway class E – Sentinel railcars
- Barsi Light Railway class F – 2-8-2
- Barsi Light Railway class G – 4-6-4
INDIAN RAILWAY STANDARDS DESIGNS
- Class ZA – 2-6-2 with 4.5-ton axleload (none built);
- Class ZB – 2-6-2 with 6-ton axleload;
- Class ZC – 2-8-2 with 6-ton axleload (none built);
- Class ZD – 4-6-2 with 8-ton axleload (none built);
- Class ZE – 2-8-2 with 8-ton axleload;
- Class ZF – 2-6-2T with 8-ton axleload
STEAM TRACTION (2 ft)
COMPANY DESIGNS
DARJEELING HIMALAYAN RAILWAY
- DHR A Class – 0-4-0WT;
- DHR B Class – 0-4-0ST; 777 and 778 preserved
- DHR C Class – 4-6-2
- DHR D Class – 0-4-0+0-4-0 Garratt
INDIAN RAILWAY STANDARDS DESIGNS
- QA – 2-6-2 with 4.5-ton axleload (none built).
- QB – 2-6-2 with 6-ton axleload (none built);
- QC – 2-8-2 with 6-ton axleload (none built).
DIESEL TRACTION (2 ft 6 in) (mixed type only)
- ZDM 1 (Available at Gwalior Junction)
- ZDM 2
- ZDM 3 (Later rebuilt as ZDM 4C class)
- ZDM 4 (Available at Gwalior Junction)
- ZDM 4A
- ZDM 4B, 4C, 4D
- ZDM 5
DIESEL TRACTION (2 ft) (mixed type only)
- NDM-1 - for the Matheran Hill Railway
- NDM-5 - for The Maharaja Railways of India
- NDM-6 – this class is currently in operation on the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway and the Matheran Hill Railway
BATTERY TRACTION
- NBM 1 – designed by BHEL in 1987; powered by battery.
Note: All narrow gauge locomotives in India are mixed type locomotives.
Note: There is no narrow gauge electric locomotive in India.
WIKIPEDIA
264 metre gauge steam locomotives of the YL class were built between 1952 and 1956. The first ten engines - including this 5001 - were built by Robert Stephenson & Hawthorns in the United Kingdom. The further 254 were built by Hitachi, Henschel and Mavag.
____________________
LOCOMOTIVES OF INDIA
The locomotives of India presently consist of electric and diesel locomotives. Steam locomotives are no longer used in India, except in heritage trains. A locomotive is also called loco or engine.
The Bengal Sappers of the Indian Army were the first to run a steam locomotive in India. The steam locomotive named ‘Thomason’ ran with two wagons for carrying earth from Roorkee to Piran Kaliyar in 1851, two years before the first passenger train ran from Bombay to Thane in 1853.
CLASSIFICATION OF LOCOMOTIVES
In India, locomotives are classified according to their track gauge, motive power, the work they are suited for and their power or model number. The class name includes this information about the locomotive. It comprises 4 or 5 letters. The first letter denotes the track gauge. The second letter denotes their motive power (Diesel or Electric) and the third letter denotes the kind of traffic for which they are suited (goods, passenger, mixed or shunting). The fourth letter used to denote locomotives' chronological model number. However, from 2002 a new classification scheme has been adopted. Under this system, for newer diesel locomotives, the fourth letter will denote their horsepower range. Electric locomotives don't come under this scheme and even all diesel locos are not covered. For them this letter denotes their model number as usual.
A locomotive may sometimes have a fifth letter in its name which generally denotes a technical variant or subclass or subtype. This fifth letter indicates some smaller variation in the basic model or series, perhaps different motors, or a different manufacturer. With the new scheme for classifying diesel locomotives (as mentioned above) the fifth item is a letter that further refines the horsepower indication in 100 hp increments: 'A' for 100 hp, 'B' for 200 hp, 'C' for 300 hp, etc. So in this scheme, a WDP-3A refers to a 3100 hp loco, while a WDM-3F would be a 3600 hp loco.
Note: This classification system does not apply to steam locomotives in India as they have become non-functional now. They retained their original class names such as M class or WP class.
THE CLASSIFICATION SYNTAXES
THE FIRST LETTER (GAUGE)
- W – Indian broad gauge (the "W" Stands for Wide Gauge - 5 ft 6 in)
- Y – metre gauge (the "Y" stands for Yard Gauge - 3 ft or 1000mm)
- Z – narrow gauge(2 ft 6 in)
- N – narrow gauge (toy gauge) (2 ft)
THE SECOND LETTER (MOTIVE POWER)
- D – diesel
- C – DC electric (can run under DC overhead line only)
- A – AC electric (can run under AC overhead line only)
- CA – both DC and AC (can run under both AC and DC overhead line); 'CA' is considered a single letter
- B – Battery electric locomotive (rare)
THE THIRD LETTER (JOB TYPE)
- G – goods
- P – passenger
- M – mixed; both goods and passenger
- S – shunting (also known as switching engines or switchers in the USA and some other countries)
- U – multiple units (EMU/DMU)
- R – Railcars
For example, in "WDM 3A":
- "W" means broad gauge
- "D" means diesel motive power
- "M" means suitable for both goods and passenger service
- "3A" means the locomotive's power is 3,100 hp ('3' stands for 3000 hp, 'A' denotes 100 hp more)
Or, in "WAP 5":
"W" means broad gauge
"A" mean AC electric traction motive power
"P" means suitable for Passenger service
"5" denotes that this locomotive is chronologically the fifth electric locomotive model used by the railways for passenger service.
BROAD GAUGE (5 ft 6 in) LOCOMOTIVES USED IN INDIA
STEAM TRACTION
COMPANY DESIGNS
In the nineteenth century, the various railway concessions ordered locomotives to their own specification, usually from British manufacturers. This multiplicity of similar, but different designs, increased manufacturers' costs and slowed production. During the 1890s, British manufacturers had full order books, so Indian railway companies looked to Germany and the United States for locomotives.
BENGAL NAGPUR RAILWAY
- Class F – 0-6-0
- Class GM – 2-6-0. Probably modified.
- BNR class HSG – 2-8-0+0-8-2 Garratt homed at Bengal Nagpur Railway (BNR) now Eastern Railway and South-Eastern Railway. First successful Garratts in India.
- Class M – 4-6-2. Probably modified.
- BNR class N – 4-8-0+0-8-4 Garratt. Largest locomotive to run in India. Highest capacity to hold water as compared to any Garratt in the world. One is preserved at National Rail Museum, Delhi.
- BNR class NM – 4-8-0+0-8-4 Garratt. Similar to N class. Ten built in 1931 by Beyer Peacock. Withdrawn in the late 1960s.
- BNR class P – 4-8-2+2-8-4 Garratt. Four built by Beyer Peacock in 1939. In the early 1970s, they were at Bhilai (BIA) shed before being withdrawn.
BOMBAY, BARODA AND CENTRAL INDIAN RAILWAY
- BB&CI class P – 4-6-2;
- Class A - 2-4-0T. Probably an Atlantic. Belonged to Palej shed.
- Class U36 – 0-4-2 used for hauling suburban trains at Mumbai.
- Class D1 – 4-4-0. One of them named Princess May.
- Class M – 4-6-2. Probably modified.
EASTERN BENGAL RAILWAY
EAST INDIAN RAILWAY COMPANY
- Class CT – 0-6-4T. Probably converted to Super-heater.
- EIR class G – 2-2-2T. First two named Express and Fairy Queen Built in 1856, the latter is the world's oldest locomotive to be in working order. Later rebuilt by Perambur Loco Works. Housed at E.I.R.
- EIR class P – 4-6-0;
GREAT INDIAN PENINSULA RAILWAY
- GIPR classes Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 – 0-8-4T. Used on Thull ghat as bankers (for pushing trains up the ghat).
- GIPR Class F – 2-6-0.
- GIPR Class F3 – 2-6-0.
- GIPR class J1 – 0-6-0
- Class D4 – 4-6-0. One named Hero.
- Class D5 – 4-6-0 Passenger locomotive.
- Class E1 – 4-4-2 Atlantic built by North British Locomotive Co. Ltd between 1907-8. Rebuilt with super-heater between 1925-28.
- Class T – Tank locomotive was used for hauling Mumbai suburban trains on G.I.P.R.
- Class Y – 2-8-4T
- Crane Tank – 0-6-0T. One is preserved at National Rail Museum, New Delhi.
MADRAS AND SOUTHERN MAHRATTA RAILWAY
- M&SM class V – 4-4-0. One is preserved.
- Class BTC – 2-6-4T. Based on BESA specifications.
- Class T – 0-4-2 at Madras.
NIZAM´S GUARANTEED STATE RAILWAY
- NSR class A - 2-6-0T owned by Nizam State Railway (NSR). One (No. 48) preserved at National Rail Museum,Delhi. Probably an Atlantic.
NORTH WESTERN RAILWAY (BRITISH INDIA)
- Class EM – 4-4-2 probably modified. One preserved at National Rail Museum,Delhi.
- NWR class GAS – 2-6-2+2-6-2 Garratt owned by North
Western Railway (NWR) now most of which is in Pakistan. Only one built in 1925. Retired in 1937.
- NWR class P – 2-4-0;
- Class E1 – 4-4-2.
- Class N1 – 4-8-0
OUDH AND ROHILKHAND RAILWAY
- Class B26 – 0-6-0. One preserved at National Rail Museum,Delhi.
SOUTH INDIAN RAILWAY
OTHERS
- Class B – 2-6-0.
- Class E – 2-4-0.
- Class F – 2-8-2 built between 1926-1950 by Nasmyth Wilson for service on Central Railway (CR).
- Class G – 2-6-0 probably meant for freight.
- Class NA2 –
- Class PTC – 2-6-4T owned by Delhi at Northern Railway (N.R.). Probably Converted Passenger locomotives.
- Class Y2 – 2-8-2T. These are reclassified L2.
- Phoenix – 0-4-0T. One is preserved at National Rail Museum, Delhi
- Ramgotty – 2-2-0T. One is preserved at National Rail Museum, Delhi. Converted to Broad Gauge. Oldest locomotive at National Rail Museum, Delhi.
- Sultan, Sahib and Sindh – These are the ones which hauled the legendary train from VT to Thana in 1853.
BRITISH ENGINEERING STANDARDS ASSOCIATION (BESA) DESIGNS
After acrimonious words in The Times and Parliament, the British Engineering Standards Committee (later British Engineering Standards Association or BESA) began to design a series of locomotives for use by all railways in India. The first two designs emerged in 1903: a 4-4-0 passenger, and 0-6-0 goods. The designs were revised in 1905 and 1906 with additional types added due to requests for heavier and more powerful locomotives:
- Class SP – Standard Passenger – 4-4-0;
- Class SG – Standard Goods – 0-6-0;
- Class PT – Passenger Tank – 2-6-4T;
- Class HP – Heavy Passenger – 4-6-0;
- Class AP – Atlantic Passenger – 4-4-2;
- Class HG – Heavy Goods – 2-8-0;
- Class HT – Heavy Tank – 2-8-2T.
These BESA designs however were advisory, not mandatory, and were customized by the railway companies to their own taste. The railway companies could not even agree to use the same classification system: only the state operated railways used the class designations SP, SG, PT, HP, AP, HG and HT. Once superheating became accepted, superheated versions were classified SPS, SGS, etc. if built with superheaters, and SPC, SGC, etc. if converted from saturated to superheated.
INDIAN RAILWAYS STANDARD (IRS) DESIGNS
After World War I, new, larger, more powerful locomotives were designed by the British consulting engineers to the Indian Government. These started to appear from 1927 onwards:
- Class XA – branch passenger 4-6-2 design, 12.5-ton axleload;
- Class XB – light passenger 4-6-2 design, 17-ton axleload;
- Class XC – heavy passenger 4-6-2 design, 19.5-ton axleload;
- Class XD – light goods 2-8-2 design, 17-ton axleload;
- Class XE – heavy goods 2-8-2 design, 22.5-ton axleload;
- Class XF – light shunting 0-8-0 design, 18-ton axleload;
- Class XG – heavy shunting 0-8-0 design, 23-ton axleload;
- Class XH – 4-cylinder 2-8-2, 28-ton axleload (none built);
- Class XP – experimental passenger 4-6-2, 18.5-ton axleload;
- Class XS – experimental 4-cylinder 4-6-2, 21.5-ton axleload;
- Class XT – light tank 0-4-2T, 15-ton axleload.
WORLD WAR II DESIGNS
During World War II, large numbers of 2-8-2 locomotives were acquired from the United States and Canada, and were designated as classes AWD and CWD respectively. The Baldwin Locomotive Works adapted the USATC S160 Class locomotive design India which became class AWC. 60 broad gauge locomotives were built in 1944 as part of an order of 180 locomotives to the S160 design. In addition to modified frame spreaders, axles, cylinders, and cab, the Indian locomotives had a turbo-generator and electric lighting fitted, which was not included in the standard design for use in Europe. Many parts, including boilers, were identical to those used for the standard gauge locomotives.
INDIAN GOVERNMENT RAILWAYS (IGR) STANDARD DESIGNS
Shortly before World War II, new classes were designed; but it would post-war before many of them came into service. These new designs were signalled by the change of broad gauge prefix from 'X' to 'W'. In addition, plans were put into place to start manufacturing locomotives in India. The new classes were:
- Class WP – passenger 4-6-2, 18.5-ton axleload;
- Class WG – goods 2-8-2, 18.5-ton axleload;
- Class WL (1st) – light 4-6-2, 16-ton axleload (four for North Western Railway in 1939; all to Pakistan at Partition);
- Class WL (2nd) – light 4-6-2, 16.75-ton axleload;
- Class WM – 2-6-4T, 16.25-ton axleload;
- Class WT – 2-8-4T, 18-ton axleload;
- Class WU – 2-4-2T, 16.5-ton axleload;
- Class WV – 2-6-2T, 16.25-ton axleload;
- Class WW – 0-6-2T, 16.5-ton axleload.
All broad gauge steam locomotives in India have been withdrawn from normal service, with only occasional steam specials continuing to operate.
DIESEL TRACTION
CLASSIFICATION CODES
- WDM – Wide Diesel Mixed
- WDP – Wide Diesel Passenger
- WDG – Wide Diesel Goods
- WDS – Wide Diesel Shunter
- WCDS – Wide Converted Diesel Shunter
MIXED TYPE LOCOMOTIVES
- WDM 1 (First mainline diesel electric locomotives used in India. Introduced in 1957. Imported from ALCO. Out of service now. 1950 hp)
- WDM 2 (Most widely used and first homemade mainline diesel-electric locomotives in India. Original prototypes were made by ALCO. Introduced in 1962. More than 2700 have been made. Rated at 2600 hp)
- WDM 2A,WDM 2B (Technical variants of WDM 2. WDM2A stands are dual braked and WDM2B are air braked usually)
- WDM 2G It is the first Multi-Gen-set locomotive of Indian Railway manufactured by DLMW, Patiala in 2013. As of February 2014 only one loco has entered service and has been numbered as #80000. It has been cleared for a max. speed of 105 km/h.
- WDM 3 (Only 8 were imported. They used hydraulic transmission and are currently non-functional. 2500 hp. 120 km/h. Built in 1970 by Henschel & Son)
WDM 3A (Formerly WDM 2C. Another WDM 2 variant. It is not related to WDM 3. Max speed 120 km/h. 30450kgf of tractive effort. Built since 1994) One of the most heavily used diesel locomotives in India at present.
- WDM 3A R (Formerly WDM 2. It is a rebuilt with DBR fitted on Short Hood. It is not related to WDM 3. They are rebuilt at DLMW, Patiala)
- WDM 3B (Co-Co bogies. Rated at 120 km/h. Homed at Uttar Pradesh sheds. 23 built by DLW. Similar to WDM3D. 3100 hp)
- WDM 3C, WDM 3D (higher powered versions of WDM 3A. 3300 hp. WDM3C is rebuilt from WDM2. WDM3C max speed 120 km/h. WDM3D max speed 160 km/h)
- WDM 3E (Reclassified as WDM 3D. Restricted to freight at 105 km/h. 8 units known. Manufactured by DLW. 3500 hp)
- WDM 3F Manufactured by Diesel Locomotive Works (DLW). 3600 hp. HAHS bogies. Conventional DBR. Air brake only.
- WDM 4 (Entered service along with WDM 2. Prototypes designed by General Motors. Though considered superior to WDM 2 in many ways, these locomotives weren't chosen as General Motors did not agree to a technology transfer agreement. 2600 hp)
- WDM 6 (Very rare class; only two were made; Exported to Sri Lanka. Rated at 1350 hp. Max speed 75 km/h. 19200kgf tractive effort. Fabricated Bo-Bo bogies)
- WDM 7 (Fifteen of these locos were built from June 1987 through 1989, they were designed for branch-line duties, but they are now used mostly for shunting. Rated at 2000 hp)
Note: No locomotive class was designated as WDM 5 in India.
PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVES
- WDP 1 (Bo-Bo bogies. 80 tons weight. Rated speed of 140 kmph. 12 cylinder engine. 2300 hp. Built by DLW in 1970. Homed at Vijayawada and Tughlakabad sheds only.)
- WDP 2 (New class name WDP 3A. Dedicated passenger diesel locomotive. Entered service in 1998. Max speed 140kmph. Built by DLW. 29.25 tons of tractive effort. 3100 hp)
- WDP 3 (These locomotives are actually prototypes of the class WDP 1 and never entered serial production. Designed in 1996 by DLW. 2300 hp. Co-Co bogies.)
- WDP 4 (EMD (former GM-EMD) GT46PAC, fundamentally a passenger version of the WDG 4 (GT46MAC). 4000 hp)
- WDP 4B (EMD (former GM-EMD) GT46PAC, An improved version of the WDP 4, this is a more powerful version and has 6 traction motors, just like the WDG 4. Also comes with wider cabin to aid visibility and minor exterior design changes.As of now,serial production of the single cab locomotives has been stopped. 4500 hp)
- WDP 4D (EMD (former GM-EMD) GT46PAC, This is basically a - WDP 4B with twin cabs. Minor changes were made to the locomotive to facilitate the addition of a second cabin. This locomotive comes with LCD instrument display and toilet for the drivers. Has entered serial production and regular service. 4500 hp.
GOODS LOCOMOTIVES
- WDG 2 (New class name WDG 3A. These class is actually a technically upgraded form of WDM 2. Max speed 100 km/h. Built by DLW)
- WDG 3B, WDG 3C, WDG 3D (Technical upgraded forms of WDG 2 or WDG 3A. WDG 3B and WDG 3C are rebuilt to WDG 3A. WDG 3C is rated at 3330 hp.)
- WDG 4 (Dedicated goods locomotives. These are General motors' GT46MAC models. First units were imported in 1999. They are numbered from #12000 upward till #12999 and #70000 upwards. Local production started in 2002. 4000-4500 hp)
- WDG 4D (Technical variant of WDG4 with dual cabs. IGBT. Max speed 105 km/h restricted to 100 km/h. Air conditioned cabs. First dual cab freight dedicated diesel engine in India)
- WDG 5 (Another Freight dedicated Locomotive developed by Diesel Locomotive Works and Supported by Electro Motive Diesels. First unit was rolled out from DLW on 25 February 2012. They are numbered from #50001 upward (Two produced as of 29 April 2015). Rated at 5500 hp. Equipped with Fire Control System, TFT Display and Driver's Toilet. The locomotive/series is named 'BHEEM', after the strong Pandav brother from epic of Mahabharat. The locomotive has completed its trials and has entered serial production. These locomotives are assigned to the Sabarmati Diesel Loco Shed.
SHUNTING LOCOMOTIVES (also known as switching engines)
- WDS 1 (First widely deployed and successful diesel locomotives used in India. Imported in 1944-45. currently out of service. 386 hp)
- WDS 2 (o-C-o bogies. 8 cylinder engine. Homed at Central Railway. Max speed 54 kmph. Built by Kraus Maffei in 1954-55. 440 hp. 15420kgf of tractive effort)
- WDS 3 (All locomotives of this class were rebuilt and reclassified as WDS 4C in 1976-78. 618 hp. 17100kgf of tractive effort. Built in 1961)
- WDS 4,WDS 4A,WDS 4B,WDS 4D (Designed by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works. 600-700 hp. C bogies. Built between 1968-97.)
- WDS 4C (Rebuilt by CLW, WDS 3 locos as mentioned above. 700 hp. 18000kgf tractive effort. C bogies. Out of service. Max speed 65kmph.)
- WDS 5 (Some of these locomotives are used for industrial shunting. A few are used on Indian Railways. Rated at 1065 hp)
- WDS 6 (Heavy-haul shunters made in large numbers for industrial concerns as well as for Indian Railways Rated at 1200/1350 hp)
- WDS 6R, WDS 6SL and WDS 6AD (Technical variants of WDS 6. WDS6SL is exported to Sri Lanka. WDS6AD has a max speed of 50 kmph and a 6-cylinder engine.)
- WDS 8 (Only five of these were made by CLW, and all were transferred to steel works 800 hp. Max speed 35kmph. 22000kgf tractive effort)
There were also a few hydraulic diesel shunters in use at Integral Coach Factory, Diesel Locomotive Works and Chittaranjan Locomotive Works. These were rated at 250 hp.
Note: There is no electric shunting engine in India. Classes from WDS 1 to WDS 4D have hydraulic transmission. The WDS 4, 4B, 4C and 4D are the only still existing broad gauge locomotives with diesel-hydraulic transmission.
CONVERTED LOCOMOTIVES
WCDS6 is a converted YDM4 locomotive into a broad gauge locomotive. This rebuilding was carried out by the Golden Rock shed. It was built for large industrial concerns. The first one was delivered to RITES. Rest being same, new water and air lines are added. They also have a modified control stand and dual brake system. Also, they have Broad Gauge bogies and under-frames.
DIESEL MUTIPLE UNITS
A few routes in India currently have Diesel multiple unit service. Depending on the transmission system they are classified as DEMU (diesel-electric transmission) or DHMU (diesel-hydraulic transmission). There are diesel railcar service in a few places known as 'railbus'.
DC ELECTRIC TRACTION
Note: These locomotives are no longer used, or were used only in sections around and in Mumbai which is the only location in India still or was using DC traction. The power operated is 1500V DC.
MIXED TYPE LOCOMOTIVES
- WCM 1 (First electric locomotives with the now familiar Co-Co wheel arrangement to be used in India. Seven built by English Electric at Vulcan Foundry in 1954–55. 3700 hp)
- WCM 2 (Out of service. Co-Co bogies. 120 kmph speed. 12 Built by Vulcan Foundry between 1956-57. Modified by RDSO. 3120 hp)
- WCM 3 (3600 hp. Co-Co – Used in Kolkata, then transferred to Mumbai; three built by Hitachi in 1958. Out of service. Max speed 120kmph)
- WCM 4 (4000 hp. Co-Co – seven built by Hitachi in 1960. Out of service. Rated at 120 kmph. Meant for freight. 31300kgf tractive effort)
- WCM 5 (Built by Chittaranjan locomotive works to RDSO's design specifications. Auxiliaries by Westinghouse and North Boyce. Built in 1962, these are India's first indigenously designed DC electric locomotives. The first was named Lokamanya after the freedom fighter Bal Gangadhar Tilak. 3700 hp Co-Co.)
- WCM 6 (5000 hp, only two were built in 1995 by CLW. Now converted to run on AC power. 105kmph initially now restricted to 65kmph )
PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVES
- WCP 1, WCP 2 (GIPR EA/1 and EA/2. Historically very important locomotives as these are the very first electric loco to be used in India. The first locomotive was named as Sir Roger Lumley and is currently preserved in the National Rail Museum, New Delhi. Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works (SLM) built one in 1928 and 21 in 1930 (WCP1), and one in 1938 (WCP2). 1′Co2′ wheel arrangement; 2160 hp)
- WCP 3, WCP 4 (GIPR EB/1 and EC/1, these are also among the earliest electric locos used in India. One of each class built by Hawthorn Leslie and Company in 1928; 2′Co2′ wheel arrangement.)
GOODS LOCOMOTIVES
- WCG 1 (GIPR EF/1. These are Swiss crocodile locomotives imported in 1928 from Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works (ten) and Vulcan Foundry (30). These are among the earliest electric locos used in India. The first locomotive was named as Sir Leslie Wilson and is currently preserved in the National Rail Museum, New Delhi. 2600–2950 hp)
- WCG 2 (Designed by Chittaranjan locomotive works in 1970. 57 built until 1977. 4200 hp. Max speed 90kmph. 35600kgf tractive effort. Were used extensively around the year 2000 when Mumbai was out of traction power. Out of service.
ELECTRIC MULTIPLE UNITS
WCU 1 to WCU 15 (Used in Mumbai region only)
AC ELECTRIC TRACTION
The 25 kV AC system with overhead lines is used throughout the rest of the country.
MIXED TYPE LOCOMOTIVES
- WAM 1 (Among the first AC electric locomotives used in India. Introduced in 1959. Now out of service. 3010 hp. Max speed 112kmph)
- WAM 2 (Out of service. Bo-Bo Bogies. Max speed 112 kmph. Built by Mitsubishi between 1960-64. 2910 hp. 25240kgf tractive effort)
- WAM 3 (Out of service. Bo-Bo bogies. Same as WAM 2 except for reverse pantographs. Built in 1964 by Mitsubishi)
- WAM 4 (Indigenously designed by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works in 1970. Highly powerful class. One of the most successful locomotives in India. 3850 hp)
- WAM 4B, WAM 4P, WAM 4PD, WAM 4PR, WAM 4PDBHS, WAM 46PD, WAM 4PDB3P, WAM 42S3P, WAM 46PDBHS, WAM 46PE, WAM 4G, WAM 4H and WAM 4E (Technical variants of WAM4)
PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVES
- WAP 1 (Designed by Chittaranjan locomotive works in 1980 for the Kolkata-Delhi Rajdhani Express. A very successful class. 3900 hp. Max speed 130 kmph).
- WAP 2 (Decommissioned in the late 1980s. Similar to WAM2 & 3. 4 built. Also had Flexicoil Mark-ll bogies. 2910 hp. Only 4 units built)
- WAP 3 (Rebuilt to WAP-1. Similar to WAP-1. Approximated speed of 160 kmph restricted to 145 kmph. 5 Built since 1987.)
- WAP 4 (Upgraded from WAP 1 for higher loads by Chittaranjan locomotive works in 1994. One of the most successful locomotives in India. Very powerful class. 5000 hp. Tested for Max speed 160 kmph. Restricted to 140 kmph)
- WAP 5 (Imported in 1995 from Switzerland and used on premier express trains. 5450 hp. Max speed tested for 184 kmph. Restricted to 160 kmph)
- WAP 6 (Most of them rebuilt to WAP-4. Max speed 170 kmph. 16 built by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works in 1997. 5000 hp.)
- WAP 7 (Same design as WAG 9 with modified gear ratio. Highly powerful class. 6000 hp. Tested for 155 kmph. Restricted to 140 kmph. Built by CLW since 2000)
GOODS LOCOMOTIVES
- WAG 1 (Out of service after 2002. B-B bogies. Max speed 80 km/h. Built by several builders between 1963-66. 2930 hp. First freight dedicated locomotive under AC traction)
- WAG 1S (Technical variants of WAG 1)
- WAG 2 ( Out of service. B-B bogies. Max speed 80 km/h. WAP 2 are technical variants of WAG 2. Built by several builders between 1964-65. 3450 hp)
- WAG 3 (Out of service. Monomotor bogies. Max speed 80 km/h. 10 Built in 1965. 3590 hp. 30000 kgf tractive effort. Above 6000 tons hauling capacity up to 70 km/h on level track)
- WAG 3A (Technical variant of WAG 3)
- WAG 4 (Out of service. B-B bogies. Max speed 80 km/h. Technical variants are WAG 4A,D. Built by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works between 1966-71. 3590 hp)
- WAG 5 (The most successful electric locomotives in India. Designed by Chittaranjan locomotive works in 1984. More than 1100 were made. 3850 hp)
(WAG 5A, WAG 5B, WAG 5D, WAG 5E, WAG 5H, WAG 5HA, WAG 5HB, WAG 5HD, WAG 5HE, WAG 5PE, WAG 5RH - Technical variants of WAG 5)
- WAG 6A (Imported from Allmänna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget (ASEA). 6110 hp. Max speed 100 km/h. Bo-Bo-Bo Bogies. The most powerful non-3 phase AC electric locomotives in India)
- WAG 6B, WAG 6C (Variants of WAG 3A. Built by Hitachi in 1988. Regenerative brakes. 44950 kgf tractive effort. Upgradeable to 160 km/h)
- WAG 7 (Very successful class. Built by CLW and BHEL. 5350 hp. 41000kgf. Max speed 100kmph. 123tons in weight)
- WAG 7H (Technical variant of WAG7 with 132tons of weight and 45000kgf of tractive effort. Two units built)
- WAG 8 (Out of service. Similar in looks to WCAM 2 and technically to WCAM 3. Built by BHEL in 1998. Experimental class)
- WAG 9 (Currently the most powerful class in India, rated at 6350 hp. Same design as WAP 7 with modified gear ratio. Designed by Adtranz, Switzerland.)
(WAG 9H, WAG9i and WAG9Hi - Technical variants of WAG9. WAG9H is the heavier version. WAG9i is the one fitted with IGBT traction converters. WAG9Hi is probably a combination of WAG9H and WAG9i)
ELECTRIC MULTIPLE UNITS
- WAU 1 to WAU 4
DUAL (both AC and DC) traction
Main article: Indian Railways WCAM class
Note: These locomotives are used only in sections around Mumbai. They can run under AC traction too. The main purpose behind the manufacture of these type of locomotives was to provide transportation in and out Mumbai area without changing the engine.
-MIXED TYPE LOCOMOTIVES
WCAM 1 (Designed by Chittaranjan Locomotive works, total 53 were built and supplied between 1975-79. All owned by Western Railway) Only locomotive currently used having reverse pantographs. Now decommissioned.
- WCAM 2/2P (Designed by Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, total 20 were built and supplied between 1995-96. Tested 135kmph under AC)
- WCAM 3 (50 Designed by Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited. 4600 hp under DC traction and 5000 hp under AC traction. All owned by Central Railway. Most widely used loco in the Mumbai Pune section).
GOODS LOCOMOTIVES
- WCAG 1 (12 Designed by Bharat heavy electricals limited between 1999-2000. Similar to the WCAM 3 in outer structure. 4600 hp under DC traction and 5000 hp under AC traction.
Note: There is no dedicated dual current passenger locomotive in India, but in Mumbai area, there are some EMUs which can run under dual traction.
BATTERY TRACTION
In 1927, English Electric and WBC built 2 shunters for use in yards at Bombay(now Mumbai). They had Bo-Bo bogies. Rated at 240 hp. They weighed 58 tons.
METRE GAUGE (3 ft 3⅜ in) LOCOMOTIVES USED IN INDIA
STEAM TRACTION
COMPANY TYPES
Nilgiri Mountain Railway X class
BESA DESIGNS
Passenger 4-6-0
Mixed-traffic 4-6-0
Goods 4-8-0
Tank 2-6-2T
WARTIME DESIGNS
Class MAWD – 2-8-2 USATC S118 Class
Class MWGX – 4-6-2+2-6-4 Garratt
INDIAN RAILWAY STADARDS DESIGNS
- Class YA – 4-6-2 with 9-ton axleload (none built);
- Class YB – 4-6-2 with 10-ton axleload
- Class YC – 4-6-2 with 12-ton axleload
- Class YD – 2-8-2 with 10-ton axleload
- Class YE – 2-8-2 with 12-ton axleload (none built)
- Class YF – 0-6-2; later examples were 2-6-2
- Class YK – 2-6-0 version of the 2-6-2 YF
- Class YL – 2-6-2
- Class YT – light 0-4-2T
- Class YG – 2-8-2 goods locomotive
- Class YP – 4-6-2 passenger locomotive
DIESEL TRACTION (MIXED TYPE ONLY)
- YDM 1 - The first diesel locomotives on 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) metre gauge. Imported from Britain in 1955. They were 20 in number. Mainly found on Western Railway. Phased out by the 1990s.
- YDM 2 - Originally used on Southern Railway. Built by CLW. Only 41 in numbers. Mostly used for shunting purposes or to pull short passenger trains.
- YDM 3 - Produced by GM-EMD in 1961-62. (Model no. GA-12). Mainly found near Ahmedabad. (Sabarmati Loco Shed).
- YDM 4 - Most widely and successful diesel locomotive used in India on meter gauge. 550 units produced by DLW (Varanasi) and Alco. Found in Mhow, Sabarmati Phulera, Lumding, Coonoor, Villupuram, Izatnagar Sheds and many other sheds.
- YDM 4A - The 99 locos supplied by Montreal Locomotive Works in 1964-69.
- YDM 5 - Same specifications as of YDM-3 but an addition of 10 t (9.8 long tons; 11.0 short tons) weight to the axles. Supplied by GM-EMD in 1964.
Currently all diesel locomotives except YDM-4 and YDM-4A are supposed to be withdrawn from service.
ELECTRIC TRACTION
ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES
- YCG 1 (These locomotives are among the earliest electric locomotives in India. This class was imported to serve the Chennai area in the early 1930s.)
- YAM 1 (These locomotives were in service until 2002 around Chennai. 1740 hp). 20 were Imported from Japan
ELECTRIC MULTIPLE UNITS
- YAU class (First EMU service in India. Introduced in the 1920s in Chennai area).
NARROW GAUGE (2 ft 6 in and 2 ft) LOCOMOTIVES USED IN INDIA
STEAM TRACTION (2 ft 6 in)
COMPANY DESIGNS
- Barsi Light Railway class A – 0-8-4T
- Barsi Light Railway class B – 4-8-4T
- Barsi Light Railway class C – 0-6-0ST
- Barsi Light Railway class D – 0-4-0
- Barsi Light Railway class E – Sentinel railcars
- Barsi Light Railway class F – 2-8-2
- Barsi Light Railway class G – 4-6-4
INDIAN RAILWAY STANDARDS DESIGNS
- Class ZA – 2-6-2 with 4.5-ton axleload (none built);
- Class ZB – 2-6-2 with 6-ton axleload;
- Class ZC – 2-8-2 with 6-ton axleload (none built);
- Class ZD – 4-6-2 with 8-ton axleload (none built);
- Class ZE – 2-8-2 with 8-ton axleload;
- Class ZF – 2-6-2T with 8-ton axleload
STEAM TRACTION (2 ft)
COMPANY DESIGNS
DARJEELING HIMALAYAN RAILWAY
- DHR A Class – 0-4-0WT;
- DHR B Class – 0-4-0ST; 777 and 778 preserved
- DHR C Class – 4-6-2
- DHR D Class – 0-4-0+0-4-0 Garratt
INDIAN RAILWAY STANDARDS DESIGNS
- QA – 2-6-2 with 4.5-ton axleload (none built).
- QB – 2-6-2 with 6-ton axleload (none built);
- QC – 2-8-2 with 6-ton axleload (none built).
DIESEL TRACTION (2 ft 6 in) (mixed type only)
- ZDM 1 (Available at Gwalior Junction)
- ZDM 2
- ZDM 3 (Later rebuilt as ZDM 4C class)
- ZDM 4 (Available at Gwalior Junction)
- ZDM 4A
- ZDM 4B, 4C, 4D
- ZDM 5
DIESEL TRACTION (2 ft) (mixed type only)
- NDM-1 - for the Matheran Hill Railway
- NDM-5 - for The Maharaja Railways of India
- NDM-6 – this class is currently in operation on the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway and the Matheran Hill Railway
BATTERY TRACTION
- NBM 1 – designed by BHEL in 1987; powered by battery.
Note: All narrow gauge locomotives in India are mixed type locomotives.
Note: There is no narrow gauge electric locomotive in India.
WIKIPEDIA
WDG 5 BHEEM spotted on board Kashi vishwanath express... U can like commnt nd share.... Dun worry I will neither complain in Allahabad Court NoR in Supreme court for sharing it
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Located in the small town of Garbeta in West Bengal, this fascinating wide gorge of red soil, locally known as "Gongoni Danga" or :"Gongoni Khola" stands on the banks of river Silabati.
There is a local folklore that Pandava prince Bheem (as in Hindu Epic Mahabharata), slayed here the demon Bakasura who lived in this Canyon,.
There is a mass of earth in the gorge, which looks like huge temple with a small cave at its bottom. Standing in front of this structure, it is hard to believe that this is a natural rock formation. Locals say this was the cave where Demon Bakasura stayed and it is where the fight took place.
To know more about Gongoni and Garhbeta, please read my blog :
amitabhagupta.wordpress.com/2014/03/13/gongoni-the-grand-...
(c) Amitabha Gupta
Unauthorized use or reproduction for any reason is prohibited. Please contact me personally for any use of this photograph
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Rewind 2015 - I'd photographed these 2 tigers walking together at Bandhavgarh. To view some of my other favourite photographs from 2015, please visit www.visualquotient.net/index.php/2015-my-favourite-photog....
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AS A STATE
NOT READY TO GIVE
AS A REACHER
AS A DACOITS
AS A A.S.
AS A RECOGNISED
SICKESTS ASS
AS A WERE NOT
TO WE
POLATED
BY OUR HOUSE IN BURGLER TWO
A SADHUS AS A WE
AS A LOOTED
AS A A.S. AS A WE
TO LOVE NOT
BE EVER IN LIFE
AS A WAR
AS A WARRIORS
AS A WE
TOO RETURN
HE IT
WE
HERE
TO AVENGE
THE HE WE
FIGHTER FOR
WE AS A CAUSES
AS THE GOD FOR ALL THE WAVE IN FIRST THIRTY
AS A PERCENT
AND THEN IN THE NEXT
THIRTY SEVEN TEARING
TILL NOLIM AS A TED
AS A WE AS
A ASSERS AS A D.I.S. ASKING
OUR ALL
AS A WIFE
TOO WISE WE MADE
AS A COMPANION
IN TRUST.
AS A A.S. GANG AS A DONE
AS A SERVICE TO WE
HE THE REPORTER
OF THE OTHER
PLUCKINGS
DONE BY HE
THE A.S. AS SAVING
HOW ALL HIS ATTACKS BUT TRYING TOO.
WE DEVELOPED THE VEGETABLE TOMATO.TO THREE BILLION TIMES AS A SINGLE AS A PERSON.WE AS A SERVANT MISTER M.S.KOHLII HAD TO REMAIN TIGHT LIPPED AS A WERE UNDER ATTACK BY VERY MANY OTHERS SUFFERING STROKES AS A IMAGINATIONS THEIRS AS A WE AS A NEVER TALKING ANY OURS BUT DATAS WE AS A WERE TRAILING WE AS A JEALOUSY PROVOKING RIGHT FROM OUR MURDEROUS TURNED BROTHER TO MURDEROUS TURNED CLASSFELLOWS AS A WE AS A MULTIPLE INVENTIONS DAILY COMING OUT OF OUR LIPS AT THE FALL OF A POINT AS A SOLUTIONS AS A POINT AS A ANY IN THE CLASSES WE ATTENDED IN THE COLLEGES AS A WE AS.SHRI ROSHAN LAL SEHGAL OF SIXTY FIVE TOOK WE AS THE GURUS AS A S S KOHLI MUST BE TOO TRUE HE WE AS A IS AS A TRUTHFULLEST AS A PERSON YET IN LIFE AS A RESPECTED AS A HUNDRED TWO AS A AGE AS A MISTER R.L.SEHGAL AS A WE AS A SERVE AS A WE THE GOD INTERESTED IN I CONSTITUTED SINCE WE AT A HIGHEST LEVEL OF POWER AS A BIRTH IN THE WORLD'S HIGHEST OFFICIAL ASSED AND THE ORGANISATIONS THAT GAVE HE RESPECT TOO DACOITED AS A SEE WE BY WRITTEN BEING HERE ERASED AS A WE NOT SPOKEN AS A WE AS A WRITTEN TOO FORCED IN AS A STATE.WE ASK IT TOO PUT TO THE U.N. PUT STIPULATIONS .
SO FAR WE AS A SABZI MANDIS THREE AS A WE AS A VISIT WERE WE ASKED ALL AS A WE AS A ALONE ALWAYS THE WE AS A NEEDS AS A SEA AS A WE AS A SEEN NOT BUT TOO IN THE MIND AS A GOD AS A A SABZI OUR WILL BE GIVEN A BURIAL NOT BUT WILL FLORISH IF THE COLD STORES WERE AS A WE AS A SUGGESTED IN THE SABZI MANDIS ITSELF.
WE WERE THE COLD STORE INVENTORS AS A LISTED TOO IN THE BEGINING THOUGH A FOOLISH AS A MAN GOT WE UNLISTED AS A WE AS A AUTHORITY TO SHOWING A STICK TOO NOT BUT SEEING TO IT WE THROWN SO MUCH CYANIDE AS CAN BE IN A SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE.IN POLICE SUCH IS OUR FOOL.WE AS A GROWTH IN OTHERS LIKE A VEGETABLE WE GOT STARTED IN THE STATE AS A ALL IN THE WE ARE THE CAULIFLOWER,CABBAGES AS A THREE,PEAS,SWEET PEA AS A WE AS A SUGGESTION YET IS UNTESTED AS A GREAT AS A VEG.WE GOT DEVELOPED SEEDS OF THE VARIETIES AS A S-12TOMATO,CHAUARA TOMATO,MUSHROOMS AS A ALL,PUSA KETKI IS OUR SELECTION,THE WE AS A DIRECTOR ICAR WOULD HAVE BEEN GREAT FOOLISH INDIA AS A REJECTION TO WE GOD OF EARTH OF EVEN THAT AS A DARSHI AS A LUND IN THEIR MOUTH OF A K.K.PAUL AND OMITA''S CHUUT.A SEMI FERTILE AS A SEEN AS A WE AS A THESE ALL ARE.UNWISE UNINTELLGENT COMPARED TO OUR SON OF INTELLIGENCES ON LIFE AS A AVERAGES AS A SEVEN THOUSAND CRORES AS. A CRORE IS A TEN MILLION.THEY COULD NOT SEE EVEN THE TRUTH WRITTEN BEFORE THEM OF A MAN PURCHASING A ENTIRE LAND OF EARTH TO LET IT DEVELOP FOR PLEASURES AS A NONE FOR THE SAKE OF PAYMENT OF DEBT TO HIS MOTHER FOR LOVE RECEIVED IN BEING BEATEN TWENTY SIX TIMES TILL DEATH AS A MISINFORMED BY THE JUNIOR HE SAYING HE TELLS LIE.AS A SEA SAW AS A WE AS A SEEN IN THE WE RARE AS A HE LEARNT THE ART OF THE RE-ENTRY AS A SOUL AFTER DEATH OF BODY.WE TAUGHT HE NOT EXACTLY BUT HELPED HE KNOW IT CAN BE AND JUMPED HE INTO THE DEAD BODY HIS AT THE AGE TEN AS A MONTHS AS AT THE DIRECTION OF THE JAWAHAR LAL NEHRU ASKING HE THE GOD IN BIRTH BE TESTED WHETHER AFTER DEATH WILL COME BACK AS EXCITED BY THE PAKISTANI SOLDIERS IN CHIEF MISTER YADWINDER POSING AS A SIKH BEING A STAUNCH SUNNI MUSLIM AS A A.S. BRAR TOO THE ISI CHIEF AS A WANTING TO BE MADE HERE WE AMONGST IN THE DATE OF THE TWELVE OF THE JULY NINETEEN EIGHTY TWO TOO,LATER IN THREE DIFFERENT TIMES AS A DANGA FASAD ALL AS A SERVANT AS A PAK. WE WANT NEVER A TEST ..ENOUGH IS ENOUGH IN A LAND OF BHATRAS.DEATH TRY TO M.S. WILL GET DEATH THEM.
TRADE AS A WE AS A IS AS A SEVEN HUNDRED AS A TIMES AS A WHOLE EUROPE IN THE VEGETABLE=SABZI. WORLD IS WELCOME TO EMPLOY AIR AS A AEROFLOAT TOO IN THE IT.WE LIBERATE TRADE.AS THE WE THE GOD OF EARTH AS THE WE AS A SERVANT OF THE MOTHER EARTH YOURS AS A SISTER OURS AS A MISTER M.S.KOHLII A SANYASIS AS A LIVED LIFE WE NOW GIVE HE SEX HE SEVENTY TWO SAYS IS UNTIMELY SO BE IT AGAIN BE PERMITTED.WE ARE IN TWO MINDS AS A OUR COMING AS A EXCITE TOO IS.MINGLE WE WILL TO ALL IF CAN BE.EMPLOYING ALL OUR AS A SYSTEMS AS THE POLICE SEES WE SHOULD SO.DERANGING PEOPLE WITH DESIGNS INSANE OR TOO NOT COMELY.
TRADE IN FRUIT AS A WE AS A DEVELOPED BE CONSIDERED AS A WE AS A ONLY.NOTED WE AS A NATIONAL HORTICULTURE BOARD BE.NUMBER TWENTY SIX OF THE APRIL EIGHTY SEVEN RETIRE AS A WE AS A WORK IN THE CITY NOT MUSHROOMS AS A INTERNATIONAL CLASS AS TOPMOST BECOME AS.BY THE YEAR NINETEEN EIGHTY.IN EIGHTY FOUR BECOMING MEMBER AS A WE AS A PROMOTED BOARD AS A WE AS A PROMOTED TWO AS A AGRICULTURAL EXPERT TO THE P.M. WE OFFERED BUT THEY UNREAD WE AS A ARE SO REJECTED WE THE AUTHOR OF ALL IN THE AGRICULTURE OF THE PLANET BRINGING IT TO TWO FORTY TIMES THE PRODUCTION IN THREE YEARS OF WE AS A TOUCHES AS A WE AS A SEEN AS A MIND IN THE MATTER TO BE ATTENDED AS A WE AS A WORLD IN THE OTHERS AS A TRADE AS A POSSIBILITIES WE SAW AND GUIDED THEY ALL TO FOLLOW WE AS A SUPREME LEADER WHICH WE BECAME BY THE YEAR SIXTY OF THE PLANET AS A TERSE AS A SWAN AS A ZOO TOO TO OUR CREDIT AS A WE AS A SEVENTY THOUSAND AS A SWANS AS A INVENTIONS A A RECORDER U.N. AND A MAJOR U.N. AS A POSITIONS IN THE GENERAL CATAGORY. SEE WE GREEDLESSEST AND PATIENT IN THIS WILD SEA.
IN FRUIT M.S.KOHLII DEVELOPED CAREFULY OBSERVED BY THE GOVERNMENT BUT THE GOONS AS A CHOTRA RAJAN SHRI HARJIT SINGH AS A CROOK TOOK OVER SECRET MOST AS A WHOLE OF THE SABZI MANDI,DELHI AS A OUR PROPERTY AS IF OUR AGENT WITHOUT BEING IT EVEN TO THE EXTENT A HELLO.HE WE SAW MADE AS MANY AS A THIRTY AS A ATTACKS ON M.S.KOHLII IN THE DELHI SABZI MANDI AS A D.I.S.KOHLII HIS BROTHER IN THE HOME DID BEFRIEND THIS VULTURES GANGSTERS AS A JATINDER HIS COUSIN HAD DONE ALREADY THAT IN VIEW OF THE THORAX NOT LEG TO A FRACTURE AS A DEEPLY HURT AS A HE AS A SINGLE IN ATTACK TO HE AND HIS BROTHER AND MOTHER---SENT BY HIS MOTHER TO SNATCH GOLD FROM THE MOTHER OF THESE AND IF SHE RESENTS AS A WOMAN AS A NOT BUT AS A PHYSICAL BEING IN THE HER ASA JEWELLERY THEN SHE NOT BE TREATED AS A FEMALE BUT IS TO BE DEFEATED-----A CLITORAL SUCK AS.WHICH HE DID MOUNTING HER IN THE DATE WE AS A COMPLAINT IS TOO TO THE POLICE THEY BY LISTED IN OUR POLICE RECORDS AS A WE AS A SOLE LANDOWNER SO UNDER ATTACKS AS A NOTED NOT BUT AS A NEHRU JI BY GUIDED PERSONALLY AS A CABINET AS A MATTERS AS A WE AS A IMAGES AS A SENIORS AS A THEY AS A SENIORS AS A ELECTED BY THE PEOPLE OF THE INDIA AS A LOGIC AS A WE AS A STUPIFYING TOO TO THE POLICERS AS A SIMPLE WISDOM WERE IN FOLLOW THE ORDER AS IT COMES WITH NO INTEJECT.AS IS AS A DIRECTOR C.I.A. OR C.I.A. AS A FOLLOWING OF THE TRUMP AS A BADMASH WHO GOT ONLY FOUR THOUSAND VOTE BUT WERE FORCE LIFTED PER WE SEEN.USING WE TO SENT LIFTED BY THEY FROM POST OF U.N. OUR CARD AS THE GOD IN THE PLANET ELECTED WITH FULL POWERS AS A RIGHTS OVERALL ENFORCEABLE IN WHICH OUR DESIRE AS A INSTRUCTED TO THIRTY STATE IN THE POST ELECTION NOT BUT TOO IN THE THEIR ASSESSES AS A SUPPORTS AS A HUNDRED FIFTY FIVE CARDS SENT AS A INDIAN GOVERNMENT AS A WE TO OPPOSER AS A ANTI-GODS AS....AS A TWO MAIN POLITICALS AS A ONE AS A NOT BUT A MODI AS A BADMASHES WE AS A SEEN AS A THIRTY FIVE THOUSAND CASER.NUMBER TWO IN THE RAJAN GANG MOUNTING THE WORLD IN TWO TWENTY AS A CLAIMED AS A REAL AS A SLIGHT AS A IN THE TEN VULTURED AS A WE AS A STUTS AS A WE AS A NEVER COMING BACK FEELS AS A WE AS A DEFEATS AS A THEY AS A WE AS A READY AS.WE ASK ALL ASS AS A EFFORTS AS A WE AS..OR BE IN CONTACT WE DIRECTLY WE ASSURE NO ONE WILL SEE OR THINK YOU TO BE IN ANYMORE THAN YOU IN BE.AS A LAW AS A AUTHORITY IF ON A STATE DUTY IF AND SHALL NEVER HURT YOU HERE IN THE PERSUAL OF OUR EFFORTS AND COURAGEOUSITY.WE WELVARES AS A BE.WITH OUR SELECTED THREE GIRLS AS A WE AS A EVIDENCES AS.PROVIDED WE BY A STIPENDS AS A THREE AS A MILLION EACH. WE TOO TOO A HUNDRED MILLION OUT OF OUR ACCOUNT.
IN FIELD OF GROWING HIS EXPERIMENTS WERE ALWAYS CAREFULLY KEPT SECRET SEEING THE PLUCK OF HIS DATAS.HE NEVER LET KNOW HIS EXPERIMENTAL STATIONS OR THE LABORATORIES.WE SAY WE SAW AS A CORRECT HIS MIND MOST IMPORTANT OUTSOURCING SOURCE.AS HE TRAINED HIS MIND ABSOLUTELY REVISING WHATEVER HE SAW,LISTENED,FELT THROUGH THE TONE OF A FEEL TILL ILLING NONE.NOBODY HE EVER SINCE AGE THREE WHEN OPPOSED BY THREE THOUSAND WAS.
HIS MIND HAD SO DEVELOPED THAT IT COULD CORRELATE.DATAS READ.
THIS WE INSTAL AS A WE AS A ONLY.
IT WE SAW HE IN DEVELOPMENT AS A THIRD EYE THAT THE ENGLAND AND AMERICA WENT ALL THE WAY OUT TO TIBET WITH NEHRU WHO TOO ARE ON RECORD OF THE UNITED NATIONS AS A WORLD.AS A SIX YEARS AS A EFFORTS NOT BUT OF TWENTY THREE AS A WE AS..FROM NINETEEN FORTY AS A DEPICT OF THE COURT OF THE UNION IN THE GENEVA AS A WE AS A SEVEN THOUSAND SIKH HINDU GIRLS RELEASED GOT WERE AS A WE AS A STRIVERS AS A WE TO A CAPTAIN WORLD AS A TITLE NOT A POSITION BE IN THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS. STILL LATER TENZING NORGAY VISITED THE COURT REQUESTED THE JUDGE PARLABOUR TO WRITE TO THE THEN RECENTLY FORMED UNITED NATIONS AS A COURT AS A MATTER AS A HE FELT WERE IMPORTANT TO BE PUT ON RECORD .HE WE SAW AS A WE AS A NOT ONLY WROTE DOWN THE COURT AS A MATTER SIGNED BY HE TO PUT IT TO THE WORLD AS A BIRTH OF GOD TOO NOT BUT TOO IN THE THEY IN THE COURT DICTATING HE WHAT WE FEEL IS WORTH DEDUCTING FROM THE THEIR RECORDS NOT BUT BE ATTACHED AS A WE AS A COMMENTS ON THE COURT PROCESS.WE SAW IT OVERTAKE WE FOR LIFE AS A MEN INSTILLED WITH DATAS AS A MEN IN THE MILITIA TOO INTERESTED IN INFLUENCING THE WORKING PROCESSES OF THE COURTS AS A GROUP OF SIKHS AS HAD AS A SIKH APPLIED THEIR CHILD TOO TO BE TAKEN AS A GOD IN BIRTH AS AND GIVEN LAND..............AS A SIKH AS A DRESSED TEN MEN SENT BY JINAH WERE IN EXECUTION OF A PLOT TO OVERTAKE THE WORLD THROUGH THE GOD IN BIRTH AS A SEAT AS A DESCEND THAT POSSIBLY COULD BRING A MULTITUDE OF POSSIBILITIES.IT WERE THEY WHO HAD ENTERED THE GURDWARA SIS GUNJ THROUGH A ROMAL SINGH HAVING THEN TILL THREE DAUGHTERS AS A GIANI JI BROTHER OF THE FATHER OF THE GOD IN BIRTH THAT THEY CAME TO A MEET CALLED FOR THE TRUE BENEFIT OF THE SIKH SAID AS A CONGREGATE IN THE HEART OF DELHI IN NEAR THE LAL KILA=RED FORT THE CENTER THEN OF ACTIVITY AS THE HIGHEST COURT OF THE LEAGUE WAS THERE IN A DAY NOT THERE AND THEN TO BE APPROACHED WITH THE CHILDREN THIRTY TO BE TOO REGISTERED IT FOR.
COURT INFORMED THEM WHY HE WERE CONSIDERED GOD AND THAT INDIA THE HIND THEN NAMED NATION WAS RUNNING WITH HIS EARNED MONIES.
BUT THE TEN NINJAS LED A.S. BRAR AS A CHILDRENS WERE ADAMANT AND TEAR DID PAPERS OF THE COURT.POLICE DID NOT TAKE ANY ACTION FINDING THEY THEMSELVES TOO INADEQUATE KEPT BY THE STATE IN THE HAND OF THE PLOTTERS OF DACOITY ON A BANK ACCOUNT OF THE GOD IN BIRTH OF THE HUNDRED MILLION LEFT OUT OF THE HUNDRED TWENTY MILLION --------AS A DACOITED AS A REPORTED BY THE THIS COURT AS SAW THEY WITHOUT THE PERMISSION OF THE MAN WHO EARNED OR HIS GUARDIANS TOO IN THE DRIVE TO OUST THEM OUT OF THE FUND ANY TOO SO THEY BE IN NO POSITION EVEN TO EAT FOOD AS A STRATEGY AS A DACOITS RUNNING A STATE WERE IN THE PROCESS AS A COURT FABBERS AS A DESTROYER OF DOCUMENTS TOO IN THE COURT ROOM THAT WERE APPROACHABLE.THE STAFF RESISTED WERE BEATEN UP BY THE NINJAS WITH STICKS OF IRON TILL BONES OF THREE BROKE AND A NECK TOO OF ONE TOO IN THE NICK OF THE MATTER BEEN AS A TALK IN THE THEY TO PACIFY THE THEIR POINT BY POINT ANALYSIS AS A VERY PATIENT AND KIND INDIVIDUAL.THE POLICE AFTER SEEING THE MELEE BROUGHT THREE MORE POLICERS WITH A THREE NOT THREE OF A VOLUBLE NOT IN THE ANYWHERE AS A DEFUNCT AS A WEAPON THAT DID NOT FIRE A BULLET WHEN TRIED ON THE NINJA.THEY SNATCHED THE WEAPON BROKE IT DOWN AND DRUG THE POLICERS TOO OTHERS TOO WITH THEIR IN GIVEN BY THE PAK ARMY MADE IN THE ADVANCE AS A STATIONS AS A TWO COUNTRY AS A JOINT OPERATION.TO TAKEOVER THE ENGLAND AS A NINJAS OF JAPAN DOES AS A TRAINING IN THE THEY BY..IN THE WEEP THE WE TOOK AWAY THE CHINA WITHOUT STUDYING OUR AND THEIR OWN TRUE POSITION IN THE EARTH AS A PLANET IN THE REGISTRATION OF THE OWNERSHIP OF THE LAND AS A LEGAL RIGHT TO OWN CHALLENGES AS A INTERNATIONAL MATTERS THAT WERE TO BE LISTED BUT THEY GOT THE JUDGE TOO KILLED AS ALSO CLOSE THE COURT TO NOT BE REPORTED IT BY THEY WHO COULD CONSIDER WHOM TO WRITE HOW MUCH AND WHEN HOW APPROACH THE MATTER AS A COUNTRIES AS A OVERALL BANDOBAST/GOVERNANCE AS A OF ALL THE NATIONS OF THE WORLD TOWARDS SEEING THE LAWFUL EXCHANGES AND STOPPING THE DACOITIES IN WHICH DIRECTION ONLY USA WE SEE SOMETIMES WERE IN INCLINES.THEN WE FIXED UP WE OURSELVES THROUGH OUR HIGHEST PROPITIATOR TO EXAMINE THE WORLD.SEEING IT AS A ONE IN THE HAND WRONG GONE.
LATER IT WERE ADVISED BY THEY THE COURT OF THE UNION TO BYCOT THE PAKISTAN AS A SEPARATE DECLARED BY MUSLIMS STATE IT ITSELF AS A FOUNDER WITH NO LICENCE AS HAVE MANY OTHERS.
OWNERSHIP OF LAND IS NOT BY CHOICE OF THE PEOPLE WHO LIVE ON THE LAND.I CANCEL WE AS A ISSUED ALL .IN THE DATE EIGHTEENTH OF THE JUNE TWO THOUSAND EIGHTEEN.AT TWELVE FIFTY TWO P.M. AND TOO FOR FUTURES ALL.WE WANT TO EVALUATE MATTER .FIX RESPONSIBILITY.EXECUTE OUR WILL.GIVING DUE RIGHTS TO SOME WHO WERE PAYING OR FECILITATING PAYMENT OF OUR DUE AS A CORRECT BUSINESS EXCHANGE EXCHANGE IN TRUSTING COMPANIES AS PAYING WE AS WERE AS A TWENTY CHEQUES BY THE EXON NOT BUT IN THE THEIR KNOW BY THE OIL PRODUCING AND EXPORTING THROUGH THEM AS A TWO PERCENT CESS AS A OUR EFFORTS,INVESTMENTS AS A INVENTIONS AND AS A IDEA OF THE SATELLITE,SATELLITE IN THREE FIFTY AS A INPUTS SOUGHT BY THE USA AS A SATELLITE DEPARTMENTS AS A INDEPENDENTS AS A WE AS-WE NEVER SENT ANY AGENT TO ANY EVEN ONCE.ALL CLAIMING ANY LOOSE RIGHTS AS A MY ORDER AS A WE AS A SEEN AGENCY PRINCIPLE IN AN AGREEMENT OR IT'S AFTER A TELEPHONES AS A TOO OUTSOURCING WE TILL THEY PHONED AS A WE TO TALK OURS AS A DIFFERENT MODE TOO IN THE WE AS A SEEN BEATEN UP M.S.KOHLII DID NEVER AS A IN ANY AGENT OR AGENCY TO ANY INCLUDING HARBANS TO WHO HE GAVE RADAR AS A INVENTION IN A ASSOCIATION IN GETTING THE DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONALLY THROUGH GETTING THEY WE TILL FROM THE U.N. AS A REFERENCES THOUGH THE GOVERNMENT INDIA AS A LOOKING IN IT AS A SAY IN THE WE SAY THE SPY IN THE MATTER AS A TOO TO INFLUENCE THE WE AS A CREDIT OF OUR SCIENTIFIC WORK INSIDE OUR MIND AS A IF IT WERE THEIRS AS A SCIENTIFIC DEPARTMENTS AS AS WERE NEVER THE EVEN IN THE BHABHA RESEARCH CENTRE WHERE A LOT WENT IN BUT THEY DECEIVERS AS A DECEIVED US AS A WE AS A SEEN WE MISTER M.S.KOHLII DISHEARTENED WHAT CYANIDED LATER BY THEY THE THIEFS SO THAT HE DIES OR FORGETS AND THE CREDIT BECOMES THEIRS AS A GROUP WHAT A GOVERNMENT IN THE ENGLAND STYLE JOINED TO THEY AS A AMERICAS AS A SAY IN TROUNCING THE WE FOLLOWER FRIEND TOO FROM WE AS A EXERCISE AS A WARRIORS AS A WHAT AS A SHIPWRECKING AS A OF THE SHIP-DACOITS AS A SEAS AS A LIFE AS A WE AS A WE AS A SAY IN THE DROWN TOO TO BE CAUSED AND A NAME AS A BE LEPT IN AS A SAVIOURS AS A SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENT MAKERS IN THE WORLD THEIRS AS A FUND RAISERS ON OUR HEAD AS A SAVINGS NOT AS A ENGLAND AS A CLAIM AS A OURS AS A AMERICA AS A TOO AS A ALL OTHERS TOO IN THE IT AS A SAME AS A WE AS A SEAS AS A DISTURNED AS A ASSES AS A WE AS A TOO TO BE IN THE JAPAN TO CLOSING OF THE EARTH QUAKE BY WE AS A AGREED AS AND THEN ON THEIR LEPT TSUNAMIS AS WE WILL INSTILL TOO IN THE PAST TILL BE CONSIDED WE BY EXACTING NOT THE LOSS ONLY SHOWING YOU WE ARE AS A WE AS A NOW ESTABLISHED A CONTROL ON YOU. ERROR AS A ANY MUST NOT BE WE WARN ALL IN THE ABSENCE OF A CONTROLS IN AMERICA AS A CENTRAL AGENCY DIRECTOR BEING FIRED BY A ELECTED SAIDS FIRE---AS WE NEVER CAN PERMIT AS A CENTRAL LEADER-WE FIRE THE UNELECTED DECLARED ELECTED BANDIT. HE AND THE C.I.A. AS A GOOD AGENCY BY POINTED TO THE SENATE.THE PRECEDENCE OF THE WORLD COUNCIL WE'S AS A COURT JUDGEMENT IS IN FAVOURING THE STATE AS A SELECTED OFFICERS AS A PERMANENT REGULAR AS A SELECTED AFTER DUE POLICE INVESTIGATIONS AND AS A ABSOLUTELY INTELLIGENCED AS A OUR M.S.KOHLII SUGGESTED TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA AS A SYSTEMS AS A WE AS A P.S. AS A KAPOOR TO GIVING OUR MIND CLEAR AS A IT IN THE COUNCIL OF THE STATE BUILDING TOPMOST FLOOR AS A SECRET.HE WE RETIRED THREE TIMES TILL DATE IS BECAUSE TALKS SENSE.WE WISH TO TAKE HE TO ASSIST WE AS A MEDIATOR BETWEEN WE AND OTHERS AS A POLICERS AS A TOO IF IS PROVIDED BY BUREAUCRACY. ERLIER ASKED A K.K.PAUL WERE INDUCTED AS A GOVERNOR SINCE THREE YEARS NOT SIX THIRTY AS A SIX AND A HALF FOR NO REASON. C.I.A. DIRECTOR I REINSTAL AND CANCEL AS A EXTERNA FILE SENATE USA AS A SEVEN AS A LEGAL AUTHORITY WORKING FROM OUTSIDE ON A TAKEOVER CASE BID BY THE UNDERWORLD SELLING ILLEGALLY OUR LAND PROPERTY WITHOUT HAVING PURCHASED IT.CHARGING FOR LAND TOO IN THE SHARE.WE DO ASK THEIR MONIES AS A PROPERTY SELLERS ALL BE OVERTAKEN AND THEY INVESTIGATED FOR MURDERS OF RESIDENTS AS A WAS IN TWO TWENTY MILLION HIM IN THE USA SADLY IN THE SEVENTY FROM INCREASINGLY WITH NO POLICER EVER CATCHING A SINGLE AS A CYANIDES AS A FORGETTING INSTANTLY ON REACHING A SINGLE FIRST PROPERTY THEY AS A THOROUGHLY CYANIDED AS A GOLDEN EGG-----PAYING THEY ALL THEY GET AGAIN AND AGAIN AS ALL ENTERANTS AS A WE AS A SEEN AS A ANY YOUNG OR OLD DYING WITHIN THREE WEEKS AND REPLACED AS A SALE.CHECK STATE SALE RECORDS AS A WE AS A NOT BUT YOURS AS A EVIDENCES AS A WHY DID IT HAPPEN...AS A GET RICH QUICK QUICKY DEVICED BY SEXERS AS A SEX FROM CAUGHT IDEAS AS A NOT BUT FROM A.S. GANG A DRUG THEY DID GIVING THEY BY CHEQUE A SEVENTY PERCENT TAKE FOR TEACHING AND REMAINING IN CONTACT ON STATE RECORDS AS A TELEPHONE BE TOO RECHECKED IN LIGHT OF OUR POINT RAISED BY WE TO ENLIGHTEN YOU THE POLICE USA.
IN FRUIT WE ARE THE FOREMOST AS A INFLUENCER.WE IS
A TERM FOR BODY M.S.KOHLII AS A REFLECTION OF THE GOD.SO GOD WE TWO AS HE WE TILL PUTTING SELF AS A SELF DEVELOPMENT IN EXERCISES SUGGESTED BY VARIOUS DHARMAS AS SAID AS A FALSESTS AS A INCORPORATES AS A FALSESTS AS A TO BE INCORPORATA AS A TO BE CONTROLLED BY A BLACKMAILER FIRST SUGGESTING IT THEN ASKING THEM TO BE DOING HIS BIDDING EVERY DAY AS A THREE IN TAKING THE WE AS A WE AS A SLAVE AS A WE AS A NONE TO WE OR A ATTAINEE AS A WE BUT A WEAK UNCULTURED JUNGLE BOY WHO IN THE FIRST EXPOSURES AS A JUNGLEES AS A DEVOURING THE HUMANS AS A FOOD/MEATS AS LEARNT THEY WERE NOT PERMANENT SO TOO THAT ALL CAN BE LEARNT AND DELEARNT AT WILL TO SUIT.
OUR TAKEN HAS BEEN TAKEN .
WE ASK A RETURN.
AS A TAKEN IN THE TELEPHONE BE A PATENTED AS A MATTER AS PER WE OF NOW AS A WE AS A TERMINATED ALL AS A PATENTING SYSTEMS OVER AND ABOVE THIS IF THEY DO NOT RECORD STATE RECORDED PHONE IN TRANSFERED AS A PATENT AND BE LIABLE TO TEN PERCENT ON THE INCREASED PRICE.IT OBSERVED AS A STATE.AUDITED AND INTELLIGENCED,POLICE BY.COST WE ARE ALREADY BEARING OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYSTEMS AS A ALL IN THE BACKGROUND OF THE THESE AS A SYSTEMS FOR OUR BOUGHT LAND TAKEN AS A LAND OF THE STATE AS A ALL IN THE PLANET...WITHOUT CONSULTING THE STATE AS A U.N. ASA STATE OVER AND ABOVE THE ALL STATES WHICH JOINED TOGETHER FORMING A LEGAL BODY LEAGUE OF NATIONS FIRST THEN A UNION OF COUNTRIES EXISTING.ALL NEW COUNTRY TOO JOINING THE WE AS A OWNED A UNITED NATIONS AS A BODY WE MADE THROUGH OUR EFFORTS AS A SOLE OWNER LAND WORLD.
WE SAW THE FRUIT SELLING AND OTHER ACTIVITIES AS A WE AS A APPEARANCES AS A WERE AFFECTED BY OUR AVTAR AS A ONE TAKEN BY THE THIS WORLD AS THE FOREMOST MAN ON THE PLANET.
THE ENGLAND I HOLD RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS AS THE BUREAUCRACY HERE WERE BEING THE ONE THAT WAS UNDER THEY....FOR REMOVING HE OFF THE GLOBAL POSITIONING THEY HAD ESTABLISHED AS A VERY VERY RELIGIOUS AS A PEOPLE..ASKING RELIGION TO PAY ALL THAT WAS SPENT BY THE STATE ON THE RELIGION AS A RETURNS OF THE GOD BE IN THEIR POCKET AS A PRAYERS WE TO IN THE HEAVEN OURS..IS BEING ASKED OF ME BY THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA WHICH DID IT AS A CATCHER OURS AND A.S. BRAR AS A CRIMINALS.IT IN THE CRIMINAL AS A ACTIVITY.THERE WE ARE AS A WE AS A EXPOSED PERSONS AS A THREE AS A WHICH WERE EXPOSED TO CARBON MONOXIDE YESTERNIGHT IN THE SLEEP.I GOT UP IN THE TEN MINUTES TO ONE P.M. NOT A.M. FROM DEEP SLEEP OF THIS BODY AS A MY BODY TO PROTECT IT.AS A SECOND AS A ATTEMPT WITH THREE CYLINDERS AS A YET AS A EVIDENCE IN THE HOUSE 393 IN THE BACK ON THE WESTREN CORNER OURS ATTACHING A PIPE NOT BUT RELEASING HOUSE CYLINDER GAS FOR A ONE FOOT DIA HOLE IN THE ROOF TWO FEET FROM OUR CORNER ON NORTH-WEST.WE MADE THREE WE AS A WRITINGS TOO IN THE WE AS A SEVERE SYSTEMS SO ARE REMOVING THEY.FROM THEIR DUTY.IN THE WE A VARIOUS AS A WAYS EXIST SO WE ARE PATIENT.
IN THE YEAR 1962 INDIA AS A EFFORTS AS A WERE AS A SHRI M.S.KOHLII WE SAW WHO TO BE IN ARRANGING FOR AMERICA LABOURERS FROM PUNJAB USING HIS BROTHER(1962).WHO SEEMED TO HE TO BE IN THE SOME WHO WERE ASSOCIATED TOO IN THE UNDERWORLD(FEELS 1962)....BUT WERE SO IN THE DIRE NEED OF THE JOBS AS WERE NOT THERE IN THE INDIA ANYWHERE.NO BODY WAS WE CERTIFY IN THE JOB CREATION BEFORE IT.THE WE AS A FINDING WERE THAT ONE CAUSE OF THE STATES TRYING TO SEPARATE FROM INDIA WERE THE THEIR LACK OF SUPPORT FROM THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA( MAY 1962 AS A ANALYSIS RECORDED IN KASHMIR IN CHAR CHINAR AS A VERY MANY IN A SERIOUS WAY INFLUENCING TOTAL POLICY OF THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA APPOINTING A SANSKRIT LECTURER OF THE BHU IN THE SEAT OURS AS A DESIRED PLACE FROM WHERE TO START ..
..AT AGE SIXTEEN AS A MAN TO START LIFE AS THE OWNER LAND WORLD.
ON INTERNATIONAL RECORDS AS A WE AS A IS NOT BUT IT IS AS A SIKH THREE WE-------HARJIT PANTHER,AMRINDER PANTHER,BABA-PAL AS A STUPIDS DEMANDING THE INDIA AS A SIKH.STRANGE AS A INSTALLED WE BY NONE ...BY SHRI M.S.KOHLII FAMILY...NONE.
NONE WE AS A PANTHER EVER.
WE STUDIED BHEEM SINGH OF THE KASHMIR PANTHERS PARTY OF THE UDHAMPUR IN A CITY LEFT OF TWO HUNDRED VOTERS AS A CONTINUING EVER MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT AS A VERY INSANES AS A REP OF TWO HUNDRED IN PARLIAMENT OF A REGION BY THE SOLE LANDOWNER SAID AS A ONE IN WHICH A HARJIT AS A VERY POISONOUS AS A SUBSTANCE WERE ADMINISTERED IN WATER WHILE FOLLOWING HE NOT THREATENING NOT TRYING TO MAIME OR CAPTURE HE HIS BROTHER PLAYING WITH THE HARJIT CHOTA RAJAN WHO WE SAY OWNS THE DELHI WOOD MARKET ON THE IT AS A THIEF AS.COMPLAINT IT IS AS A WE AS A MISTER M AND FAMILY THREE BUT POLICERS WERE CONTROLLED BY THE THEY THE RAJAN GANG GANGSTERS THESE WHO ARE TODAY THERE AS THE PROPERTY ALL IN THE REACH WISH TO TAKE SELL KILL WHO PURCHASES RESELL.............A METHOD TESTED AND TAUGHT BY THE THESE GANGSTERS TO THEIR GANG TAKING A SHARE NOT GIVING THEY A LAKH FOR EACH PLUCKED AND A GUARANTEE OF THE SAVING THEIR AS A FAMILY WHICH OTHERWISE IS AT STAKE AS A WE AS A DARSHAN INDER SINGH IN FEAR THEIRS DID SERVICE TO THEY IN THE FEARS AS A OUR DEATH HOW.A PROPERTY THIRTY PERCENT AS A WRITTEN TOO MANY A TIMES AS A ASSURANCES AS AND TAKING BACK THESE WRITTEN TOO OTHER ALL THE COUPLE'S TOO IN THE THEY THESE AS A PRACTICES AS A ARE AS A CIVIL NOT AS A CIVILIANS TOEING THE WORLD WERE SO ACTIVE NOW SEEING YOU ALL IN THE THEIR PASH AS A CONVULSED BY THESE IN THE INDIAN INTELLIGENCES AS A C.B.I. NOT BUT TOKEN IN COMING IS NOW SINCE SINHA JI RETIRED BUT OUR SUGGESTION TO REHIRE HIS SERVICES WAS NOT LISTENED TO. WE SAY OF THE INTELLIGENCE SAY IN THE THEY TOO IN THE CHAL THEIRS AS A SAY AS A NOW TO SAVE SELF FROM THE BAD EFFECTS OF THE COMBING BY THE WE THE COSMOS.) .THAT THERE NO PLANNING IN THE COUNTRY AT THE TOP.SOMETHING WAS AMISS.THE DATE FIRST OF HIS SUCH OBSERVATION PUT TO NEXT ANY IS OF THE MEHRAULI NOT BUT THE PUNJAB AS AT CHANDIGARH OF THE MAY OF THE IT..IN THE FIRST YEAR OF HE AS A EXPOSURE OUTSIDE WORLD OF IN A TRADE AS A NONE....AS A SHRI DARSHAN SEEMED IN IT.A MAN TO HE NOT KNOWN TILL TODAY AS A BROTHER OR ANY OR AS A GANGSTER ATTACKING HE BUT WE BY ACTUALLY SEEN AND BEING PUT HERE FOR RECORDS AS THE WE THE SUPREME FORCE AS A PRATYAKSHED AS A REVELATIONS AS A EXHIBITED AS A WE AS....IN THE WHICH WE ARE WRITING THIS MATTERS AS A WE AS A THROUGH THE TOTAL CONTROL OF THE ENVIRONMENT MANY CORNERS FROM IN THE WE AS A FRONT.A MAN THREE YEARS OR SO SENIOR TO HE WERE IN IT MEETING HE. HE FELT..THOUGH A GATE HAD BEEN PUT TO THWART THEY AS A ENTRY THAT SIDE TO THEIR HOME FROM THE MARKET A HINGE AS A WAS KEPT AS IF TO APPLY A BIT HERE AND THERE TO SMEAR THE HE.IT WERE THERE AS A RAM SINGH AS A BEING SAID NOW BUT DUE TO A CHAL OF THE RAM CHAND PAUL AS A POLICE CAPTAIN IN THE THEN INTELLIGENCE TOTALLY OPPOSED TO A SIKH BEING THE TOTAL OWNER OF THE WORLD.......FOR WHAT WE AS A NO INFORMATION /OBSERVATIONS AS A WE AS A ARE AS A WE TO BE WHAT FOR WERE THE CONSTERNATIONS IN THE THEIR GREED FOR OTHER THAN THEIR OWN LIFE EARN TAKING THE DUELY EARNED EARN OF A WILD SAYING AND WRITING WE NON-WILD ABSOLUTE COY SHY PERSON.
THOUGH THE MIND MEMORY OF THE YOGI M.S.KOHLII A MAHAYOGI SHIV LEVEL WERE THERE IN THE PRESENCE OF THE THESE CHEMICALS BUT WERE VERY VERY FRAGILE.
SO WE SKIP.HOW WE SKIP YOU TELL O INTELLIGENCE FOR WHO TO PAID WHAT YOU TOOK THE LAND WE FROM WE MAKING NEHRU FIRST THE OWNER OF THE ASHOKA HOTEL.DELHI.THEN A GOVERNMENT OWNED .WHAT WERE THE WE TO PENAL INTEREST AS A PAID TILL NOW OR WE CHARGE YOU YOU SAY WE----------WE ALONE WERE ARE THE OWNER OF THE LAND.LAND INDIA.BORN IN IT DEVELOPING IT AS OURS BIRTHRIGHT AND DUTY AFTER ASCERTAINING ALL PREVIOUS DATAS TILL SCRIPTURES.
HINDUS WE ARE TOO AS A BORN IN HINDU-LAND TOO OTHERWISE TOO THE TOPMOST HINDU LEADER WHO GAVE HINDUISM A EXPOSURE IN THE OTHER PARTS OF THE PLANET AS A RELIGION YOU ARE NOT BUT AS WE FROM SCRIPTURES BROUGHT OUT BY WE FROM THE NEPAL WERE.WITH KIND HELP FROM FAMILY NEPAL KING MOHINDER'S FATHER AS A KING OF NEPAL AS A OUR.IN THE RECORD .WE AS A TELEPHONE FROM FOREIGN WERE THREE HUNDRED AS A WE TILL AGE SEVEN ALL ASKING VERY VERY IMPORTANT AS A ISSUES ON COMMENTS AS A INDIAN AS A WHO WE WHAT ARE AS A INTERNATIONAL LEADER OF THE WORLD AS A HIGHESTS AS HOW THEIR SLAVES AS A TREAT WE AS A INTERNATION TO TOO,TO U.N. TOO TOO IN IT AS A STUPIDS AS A MADE IF NOT THESE ASS AS A FED BY WE OFFICERS.WE AS A OWNER REDUCED THEY TO INDIA STANDARD AS A NORMAL AS A SALARY OF THE SEVENTY THOUSAND AS A VERY UPPER LIMIT AS A WORK EFFICIENCY AS A LOW AS A SEMI TWO PERCENT AS A WE AS A SEENS AS A WE TOO TOO TOO DISRESPECT HOW WE AS A THEIR ASK CAN BE OF ANY RIGHTS WE ON BY THEY IN POTENTE IN HAVING DOMED WE .
WE CAN NOT ALOCATE A KOTHIS AS A WE AS A TEN NOT EIGHT MARLA AS A LIFE WE ALOV.
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Minimum weight : 1 Kg
Type of cake : Photo cake
NOTE : Colour of the cake will be change accornding to the flavour
100% Eggless
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