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Coruja pronta para defender as suas crias.
A text, in english, from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
The Burrowing Owl (Speotyto cunicularia) (ex-Athene cunicularia) is a small, long-legged owl found throughout open landscapes of North and South America. Burrowing owls can be found in grasslands, rangelands, agricultural areas, deserts, or any other dry, open area with low vegetation (Lewis 2005). They nest and roost in burrows, such as those abandoned by prairie dogs. Unlike most owls, burrowing owls are often active during the day. However, most hunting is done at dusk or at night.
Burrowing owls are able to live for at least 9 years in the wild and over 10 years in captivity.[citation needed] They are often killed by vehicles when crossing roads, and have many natural enemies, including badgers, coyotes, and snakes. They are also killed by both feral and domestic cats and dogs.
Burrowing owls have bright yellow eyes. The bill can be yellow or greenish depending on the subspecies. The legs are incompletely feathered, and the toes are grayish in color. They lack ear tufts and have a flattened facial disc. The owls have prominent white eyebrows and a white "chin" patch which they expand and display during certain behaviors.
Adult owls have brown upperparts with white spotting. The breast and belly are white with variable brown spotting or barring. Juvenile owls are similar in appearance, but they lack most of the white spotting above and brown barring below. Also, the young owls have a buff bar across the upper wing and their breast may be buffy rather than white.
Males and females are similar in size and appearance. However, adult males sometimes appear lighter in color because they spend more time outside the burrow during daylight, and their feathers become sun-bleached. The average adult is slightly larger than an American Robin, at 25 cm (10 inches) length, 53 cm (21 inches) wingspan, and 170g (6 oz) weight (Lewis 2005).
The typical "who who" call of a burrowing owl is associated with territory defense and breeding, often given by adult males to attract a female to a promising burrow. They also make other sounds, which are described as chucks, chattering, and screams. These sounds are usually accompanied by an up and down bobbing of the head. When alarmed, young birds will give a hissing call - a case of acoustic Batesian mimicry - that sounds like a rattlesnake (Haug et al. 1993).
Before European colonization, burrowing owls probably inhabited every suitable area of the New World, but they have experienced some restrictions in distribution since. They range from the southern portions of the western Canadian provinces through southern Mexico and western Central America. They are also found in Florida and many Caribbean islands. In South America, they are patchy in the northwest and through the Andes, but widely distributed from southern Brazil to Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego.
Burrowing owls are year-round residents in most of their range. Birds that breed in Canada and northern USA usually migrate south to Mexico and southern USA during winter months.
The burrowing owl is endangered in Canada[1], threatened in Mexico, and a species of special concern in Florida and most of the western USA. It is common and widespread in open regions of many Neotropical countries, where they sometimes even inhabit fields and parks in cities. In regions bordering the Amazon Rainforest they are spreading with deforestation. It is therefore listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.
The major reasons for declining populations in North America are control programs for prairie dogs and loss of habitat, although burrowing owls readily inhabit some anthropogenic landscapes, such as airport grasslands or golf courses (Korfanta et al. 2005).
Burrowing owls are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act in Canada, the United States, and Mexico. They are also included in CITES Appendix II.
Genetic analysis of the two North American subspecies indicates that inbreeding is not a problem within those populations (Korfanta et al. 2005).
The nesting season begins in late March or April in North America. Burrowing owls are usually monogamous, but occasionally a male will have two mates (Lewis 2005). Pairs of owls will sometimes nest in loose colonies. Their typical breeding habitat is open grassland or prairie, but they can occasionally adapt to other open areas like airports, golf courses, and agricultural fields. Burrowing owls are slightly tolerant of human presence, often nesting near roads, farms, homes, and regularly maintained irrigation canals.
The owls nest in an underground burrow, hence the name Burrowing Owl. They use burrows created by other burrowing animals such as prairie dogs, ground squirrels, or badgers (Holt et al. 1999). If burrows are unavailable and the soil is not hard or rocky, the owls may excavate their own. Burrowing owls will also nest in shallow, underground, man-made structures that have easy access to the surface.
The female will lay as many as 8-12 eggs over a two week period. She will then incubate the eggs for three to four weeks while the male brings her food. After the eggs hatch both parents will feed the chicks. Four weeks after hatching, the chicks are able to make short flights and begin leaving the nest burrow. The parents will still help feed the chicks for 1 to 3 months. While most of the eggs will hatch, only four to five chicks usually survive to leave the nest.
During the nesting season, burrowing owls will line the burrow with mammal dung, usually from cattle. The dung helps to control the microclimate inside the burrow and to attract insects, which the owls may eat (Levey et al. 2004).
Site fidelity rates appear to vary among populations. In some locations, owls will frequently reuse a nest several years in a row. Owls in migratory northern populations are less likely to return to the same burrow every year. Also, as with many other birds, the female owls are more likely to disperse to a different site than are male owls (Lutz & Plumpton 1999).
The highly variable diet includes small mammals, small birds, snakes, lizards, frogs, insects, and scorpions. But the owls mainly eat large insects and small rodents. Although burrowing owls often live in close proximity to ground squirrels, they rarely prey upon them. Unlike other owls, they also eat fruits and seeds, especially the fruit of tasajillo (Cylindropuntia leptocaulis) and other prickly pear and cholla cacti. When hunting they wait on a perch until they spot prey. Then they swoop down on prey or fly up to catch insects in flight. Sometimes they chase prey on foot across the ground.
The burrowing owl is sometimes separated in the monotypic genus Speotyto. This is based on an overall different morphology and karyotype. On the other hand, osteology and DNA sequence data suggests that the Burrowing Owl is just a terrestrial version of the Athene little owls, and it is today placed in that genus by most authorities.
A considerable number of subspecies have been described, but they differ little in appearance and the taxonomy of several needs to be validated (Holt et al. 1999). Most subspecies are found in the Andes and the Antilles. Only A. c. hypugaea and A. c. floridana are found in North America. Although distinct from each other, the relationship of the Floridan subspecies to (and its distinctness from) the Caribbean birds is not quite clear (Korfanta et al. 2005).
Um texto em português:
Coruja-buraqueira (Speotyto cunicularia).
Veja um vÃdeo clicando no endereço a seguir:
br.youtube.com/watch?v=BhCP0YqJDnY
Ficha Técnica
Nome comum: coruja-buraqueira, coruja-martelo, coruja-do-campo, caburé-de-cupim, caburé-do-campo, coruja-barata, coruja-buraqueira, coruja-do-campo, coruja-mineira, corujinha-buraqueira, corujinha-do-buraco, corujinha-do-campo, guedé, urucuera, urucuréia e urucuriá.
Nome cientÃfico: Speotyto cunicularia
Reino: Animal
Filo: Vertebrado
Classe: Aves
Ordem: Strigiformes
FamÃlia: Strigidae
Ave muito interessante e com caracterÃsticas peculiares é tida pelo povo grego como a ave da sabedoria. Outros povos porém, acham que causa azar e arrepios seu canto quando rasga o silêncio noturno. Dizem ainda que é sinal de mal agouro e que o seu canto está pressagiando alguma tragédia, o que é pura crendice popular, pois o que se sabe é que as corujas são muito úteis ao homem predando pragas nas lavouras e controlando a população de ratos ao redor das cidades e no campo.
Pode girar seu pecoço em 270º
CaracterÃsticas:
A coruja-buraqueira é muito comum pelos campos do Brasil.
Mede em torno de 20-30 cm com envergadura de 50-61cm e pesando em média 170g.
Com peito branco e plumagem amarelada o macho é ligeiramente maior que a fêmea, possuem cabeça arredondada e são aves muito tÃmidas.
Com olhos grandes e amarelos, a coruja-buraqueira tem a visão 100 vezes mais aguçada que a do homem e seus olhos estão dispostos frontalmente, como os do ser humano.
Quando necessita olhar algum objeto ao seu redor gira o pescoço em um ângulo de até 270 graus, aumentando assim o seu campo visual.
Essa disposição frontal, proporciona à coruja uma visão binocular (enxerga um objeto com ambos os olhos e ao mesmo tempo), isso significa que a coruja pode ver objetos em três dimensões, ou seja, altura, largura e profundidade.
Pode julgar distâncias similares ao ser humano e seu campo visual é de 110 graus, sendo 70 graus de visão binocular.
Os olhos da coruja-buraqueira são bem grandes, em algumas espécies de corujas até maiores que o próprio cérebro, a fim de melhorar sua eficiência em condições de baixa luminosidade, captando e processando melhor a luz disponÃvel.
Além de sua privilegiada visão, a coruja-buraqueira é dona de uma audição potentÃssima, conseguindo localizar e abater sua presa com apenas este sentido.
Abate preferencialmente pequenos roedores, insetos, anfÃbios e pássaros. A coruja é uma ave de rapina, portanto mata para se alimentar. A tradução da palavra rapina é "roubo", o que caracteriza o fato de tais aves retirarem a vida de suas presas.
Rapineira e atenta à tudo
A coruja como a grande maioria dos animais possue território de caça. São ""equipadas "" com adaptações especiais que as tornam predadoras eficientes, sendo uma delas o vôo.
Sempre muito silenciosa e sorrateira, isso devido à s penas especiais de sua asa, muito macias e em grande quantidade, conseguem cortar o ar e planar por muito tempo sendo muito discretas e imperceptÃveis à s suas presas.
A observação das presas se dá no alto de árvores ou em mourões de cercas nos pastos e até durante o vôo silencioso, quando fazem uma varredura na área de caça. Quando um alvo é avistado a coruja voa silenciosamente até ele, mantendo sua cabeça em linha reta ao alvo, quando então a joga para trás e empurra suas garras para frente a fim de prender seguramente sua presa. A força do impacto é violenta e certeira não dando chances à presa. Posteriormente a vÃtima é morta pela pressão do bico, num processo de abatimento de presas no solo.
O perÃodo reprodutivo da coruja-buraqueira começa nos meses de março e abril, os ninhos são feitos no solo, aproveitando antigas tocas de tatus ou simplesmente promovem a abertura de novos ninhos, num trabalho revezado entre o casal.
Os ninhos são escavados com os pés e bicos, formando uma galeria horizontal de até 3 m de profundidade por 30cm-60cm de largura.
Em média botam de 6 a 12 ovos, que são incubados por 28 dias pela fêmea; fica por conta do macho proteger o ninho e procurar alimento para toda a prole.
Com 14 dias os filhotes já ficam empoleirados na saÃda da cova, aos 44 dias saem do ninho e com 60 dias estão caçando pequenos insetos.
Informações do site: www.cuestajardins.com.br/?id=149&codigo=426&PHPSE...
FORT BRAGG, N.C. – Soldiers and family members of the Fort Bragg community will soon have access to a new $14.7 million Behavioral Health Clinic, scheduled for completion by the end of 2012 by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Savannah District and prime contractor Hensel Phelps. The 63,500-square-foot facility has a walking trail and extensive garden areas, including an on-grade healing garden for individual patient relaxation. One side of the building is constructed of transparent and frosted glass, which will provide views of the garden and existing wetlands from the patient waiting rooms. The facility will provide behavioral health and social work/family advocacy services in support of Soldiers, family members, and the Fort Bragg community. USACE photo by Tracy Robillard.
Pictured: Fort Bragg Project Manager Forward Helane Church (left) and Corps Project Engineer Eman Sundquist (right).
B.J. Fogg, PhD, Founder and Director of the Behavior Design Lab at Stanford University. All photographs by Nicka Smith, Kaiser Permanente Institute for Health Policy
ADULT SEA OTTERS: 2015
Animal Classification
Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)
Description
Sea otters are members of the weasel or mustelid family. Like other members of this family, they have very thick fur. In fact, at 850,000 to one million hairs per square inch, they have the thickest fur of any mammal. Their fur actually consists of two layers, an undercoat and longer guard hairs. This system traps a layer of air next to their skin so their skin does not get wet. Sea otters are usually dark brown, often with lighter guard hairs. Alaskan sea otters tend to have lighter fur on their heads. Sea otters are the smallest marine mammals. In California adult females weigh 35-60 pounds (16-27 kg); males reach up to 90 pounds (40 kg). Alaskan sea otters are bigger with males weighing up to 100 pounds (45 kg).
Range/Habitat
Sea otters once ranged from Mexico to Alaska and even to Japan. Currently, the California population numbers around 2,800 and is found from Half Moon Bay to Morro Bay. There is a much larger population in Alaska, and sea otters are still found in Russia. Sea otters inhabit shallow coastal areas and prefer places with kelp. The kelp acts as an anchor that the sea otters use to wrap themselves in when they are resting.
Mating/Breeding
Females give birth to one pup and usually have their first pup at the age of four or five. Their pregnancies last four to five months. Pups can be born any time of year, but in California most are born between January and March, and in Alaska most are born in the summer. When born, the pups weigh from three to five pounds.
Behavior
Sea otters are social animals, with females and pups spending time together in one group and males in another. Pups stay with their mothers for the first eight months of their life. The pups' fur traps so much air that they actually cannot dive under water. When mothers leave the pups wrapped in kelp to hunt, pups bob on the surface of the ocean like a cork. Mothers spend much time grooming pups and often carry them on their chests. Pups begin to learn to swim at around four weeks of age. Sea otters are one of the few animals to use tools. They eat animals with shells, like clams and abalone, and use a stone to break open the shells. When sea otters are under water searching for food, they store what they have found in the loose skin folds at their armpits. Adult sea otters can eat 25%-30% of their body weight in one day!
Status
Sea otters in California are a threatened species due to past over hunting for their beautiful fur. Although sea otters are protected now, they remain vulnerable, especially to oil spills. Unlike other marine mammals, sea otters do not have a blubber layer. Therefore, they rely on their fur to keep warm. If their fur is oiled, it loses its insulating qualities and the sea otters soon chill. Otters are also affected by the oil fumes or poisoned by eating food exposed to oil. Most sea otters quickly die in an oil spill. Several thousand sea otters died in the 1989 Exxon oil spill in Valdez, Alaska. Other threats to sea otters include infectious diseases, parasites, boat strikes, entanglements, and toxins.
At The Marine Mammal Center
The Marine Mammal Center began rehabilitating sea otters in 1995. Since that time, we have rescued up to 207 sea otters.
Want to learn more about marine mammals?
SOURCE: www.marinemammalcenter.org/
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service (FS) Adaptive Management Services Enterprise Team (AMSET) Fire Behavior Assessment Team (FBAT) view the activity of the Cedar Fire before performing a site check in and near the Sequoia National Forest, Posey, CA, on Wednesday, August 24, 2016. USDA Photo by Lance Cheung.
For more information please see:
@usda
@forestservice
Video The Heart of a Firefighter youtu.be/QxJFIfkOQLY
This behavior has NO GREY AREA and it's YOUR OWN JAIL...Self-Authenticating Document rule. Neither does The Body's Sign & Symptom Match nor does the OSHA, ACGIH, ACOEM, USPHS, WHO, Sweden, Denmark, EPA, ATSDR, Standard of Care have a GREY AREA EITHER.. UNETHICAL and RACIST and INCOMPETENT as there are 27 CD-R's around Tyler,TX and at least 9 CD-R's in Dallas/Ft Worth inc UT Dallas South Western School of Medicine Alfred Goodman Gillman M.D. ACTING Dean and NOBLE Prize winner { Discover of G-Protiens/ cAMP}and Other places.. CVS Pharmacy (Ross & Lamar Sts.) Galleria (Nordstrom's); NorthPark Mall (Nordstrom's); SW Center Mall (Burlington Coat Factory) with a Phone Call to The Men's Clothing Dept where I left the 2-CD-R's with a African-American Femme Fert- See Picasa Grussellms3 Web Albums with Steve Harvey Photo [Also confronted by the Store Manager for Photography inside The Bur. Coat Factory and IN the Common area of The SW Center mall whee she was told NO JURISDICTION !! ENDS at The Doorway !! Visual Memory of Floor White Tile of Store to Red-Orange-Brown Brick Tile of Floor. ; Canell Thornton {Legal Sec.MCI Legal} : Dallas CBS 11 & Barnes & Nobles Downtown Ft Worth, TX
The spiketail dragonflies (cordulegastridae) are named for the prominent ovipositor of the females which they use to deposit eggs in streambanks with what has been described as a sewing-machine like motion. In this video, just to the left of the red flag is a female spiketail— most likely an arrowhead spiketail based on the fact that I know them to be in this general area— ovipositing in the stream bank. This was something I wanted to see and video and was blessed to have this impromptu opportunity while volunteering for a Riverwatch Macroinvertebrate Survey.
The little Screech owls remain a fav among the many photographers who come out to see them nightly. You just can't get enough of this cuteness
Vintage Salt & Pepper Shakers. I find these hilarious... sorry to anyone who is easily offended! I think these men might be related, due to their ridiculous sense of appropriate behavior with their girlfriends. The man on the left has his hand up her skirt - and the man on the right has completely removed her boob! It's okay, though... she got even and socked him with her rolling pin!
Personal Note to Photographers: Some of you may wonder how we get so close to the marine mammals in Elkhorn Sough: Monterey Bay? We have found that the two best options are 1) kayaking: If you are shooting, then your camera will get covered in seawater, but you will be at the same level as the animals and have great photo ops. Find an experienced kayak friend or guide (I highly recommend Kim Powell at www.bluewaterventures.org/BWVKayakinginElkhornSlough.htm)
to enjoy the Slough to its fullest and in safety. That will solve most of the water issues, but I would bring some kind of cover for your camera to keep it dry when you are not shooting. Sit up front of the kayak for the best images and then buy your friend a nice lunch after you are done!
First thing in the morning tends to be the best time for the winds come up in the afternoon and the light is harsh. 2) Having tried every platform available, my personal choice is the Slough Safari at www.elkhornslough.com/. The Captain is a photographer and will give you a heads up for great images. Arrive 30 minutes early for check in and get to the front of the line. I like the front row next to the railing for no one can stand up in front of me and ruin the shot. The Captain will tell you which side of the boat can stand up at which time giving everyone a great opportunity. This is a perfect trip for all ages because the boat is incredibly stable and you can safely take your 6-year-old daughter and your 90-year-old mom for a family outing. No food allowed, but take: water, sunglasses and a hat with plenty of sunscreen applied before you leave. Do not forget to purchase a parking pass from the Harbor Master or you will get a ticket. Handicap drivers do not need to purchase a pass.
He has been doing it for about 25 years and knows all the best locations. He manages a pontoon boat that can navigate close to the mammals without getting stuck in the mud. The boat is so quiet that the Otters often will come up out of the water to see you passing by. They can detect vibrations though their whiskers and are very sensitive to any perceived threat. This is particularly true in the spring when the females have their pups with them. But, as you can see, we were able to get very close.
The Slough is very shallow and it is frustrating when a captain keeps you far from you expected image because they are rightfully concerned about getting stuck in the mud. Also, the Elkhorn Slough Foundation, which has an incredible walking site and award winning museum (see their site at www.elkhornslough.org/index.html) uses this boat for their donor tours. I would recommend that you take the Slough Safari in the morning, have a nice fish lunch around the harbor and then drive over to the Elkhorn Slough Foundation site for a wonderful afternoon!
Advice to those of you with your own kayak: Kayaking at Elkhorn Slough has become a popular activity, so the safety of paddlers and boaters – and their impact on wildlife and the environment – have become urgent concerns. The best way to have a safe trip with low impact on the environment is to stay informed. Here is a link to important safety and environmental information to help you enjoy your boating experience on the slough:
Kayaker's Map of the Slough (updated 3/29/11)
Guide to low impact paddling
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Launching & Landing
There are two main locations to launch your kayak or boat at Elkhorn Slough: Kirby Park, located on Elkhorn Road on the East side of the slough AND Moss Landing Harbor District Launch Ramp, located on Hwy 1, north of Moss Landing (near the kayak shops). Small watercraft can also launch in the Harbor of Moss Landing.
There are currently no legal landing sites in the slough except at the put-in places listed above. Please stay in your boat at all times. Please do not step onto the mudflats or marsh.
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Moss Landing Harbor Safety
Be aware and safe within the Harbor Area – although the Slough is rather calm and serene, the harbor area near the mouth poses several challenges to paddlers.
Currents within the harbor area
Peak tidal currents (up to 3 knots) tunneling under the Highway 1 bridge create areas of rough water which can cause boats to capsize or be difficult to paddle against, potentially sweeping you into the pilings and docks or out to sea.
Boat Traffic
Many fishing boats and pleasure craft use the harbor entrance. Kayaks and canoes can be difficult to see. Observe the "rules of the road" and stay to the extreme right hand side of the channel or in the shallow areas entirely out of the main channel. Always turn your boat into the wake of a larger boat.
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Current Conditions
The Slough's tides can give you a free ride back to your launch site, leave you stranded on a mudflat, or even wash you out to sea. Know the times of tides and the direction of tidal currents before you paddle out.
Tidal Currents and Slough Mud
While the main channel is deep enough at any tide level, many creeks need at least two feet of water to be navigable. When paddling up tidal creeks during an ebb tide (outgoing), be aware that a few minutes could make the difference between paddling out and getting stuck to the gunnels in sticky mud.
Wind
Strong afternoon winds, typically out of the northwest at 10 to 20 knots can be difficult to paddle against. Plan your trip to take advantage of the winds and currents.
If you have questions, please call the Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve at (831) 728-2822. Source: www.elkhornslough.org/index.html
Food as "An Unexpected Path to Almost Everything" so claims Geneen Roth, author and food abuse coach. This was enough encouragement for me to write the food part of my recent essay "Food Frugality and Freedom" since I felt that I was the last person who should write about food. But she does say that one's attitude to eating is a microcosm of one's approach to life so I was intrigued enough to write about food to see how that reflected my approach to life.
Using anecdotes from her retreats and her own journey trying to control her weight (and therefore her body image), Geneen talks about her approach to food and how if food is a problem it can also be a doorway to self knowledge, which is in turn a spiritual path. She is known for telling her students to forget about dieting and just eat what they want. Her point is once people realize why they are overeating they can then consider how such eating, as an escape from problems for instance, just creates another problem and why do that. Why spend a minute being worse off and feeling uncomfortable?
Some insights were helpful. Geneen talks about how compulsive behavior is a response to the past and that developing awareness is the key to moving towards the present.
"The moment you distinguish between acting out the impulse to move away from one present moment by starving or stuffing and the awareness of the impulse to move away you are no longer captive to your past. Awareness and compulsion cannot exist since the latter depends on obliteration of the former."
She divides her people into two groups—the Permitters and the Restrictors (but if this is not helpful leave it, she says). The Permitters drown their sorrows and anxieties with food because it is a comfort that can be counted on. The Restrictors see food as a temptation to loosing control and one's sense of self, so become anxious when tempted by food.
Much of the book showed me how much noise there is within people's head. She teaches her students to put The Voice in it's place. That inner editor, the inner mother. Then theres the rebellious reaction to the Voice that argues against reality. She points out that arguing against reality is not wanting to live the life you have. Such insights of self-discovery kept me reading to the end.
This book happened to be available to me because Catherine had just finished reading it and seemed much taken by it especially because the author has been through the Diamond Approach course that Catherine is involved in (also known as the Diamond Heart teachings). This is an inquiry practice that is rooted in becoming aware of sensations in the body and how the body reacts to questions about oneself. Catherine says that this practice has been more affective at metabolizing feelings from the past and allowing her to move forward than talk therapy, consultations with psychics, or what have you. I have never tried it. I prefer to narrate my journey and present what it is that I discover as I go along. This is called storytelling and is to be avoided in inquiry practice.
Geneen's book taught me at least as much, if not more about compulsive behavior, than the books I was required to read on compulsive hoarding. And for a while I was looking for a bridge that would connect her teachings about food to my work with hoarding clients, but there was no easy correlation because it is much harder to translate "eat when you are hungry" to compulsive saving. I could try to tell a hoarder to just keep what they need, but it is not quite as simple as paying attention to what you can put in your body. You still have to define what it is that determines need and how that fits in with what can reasonably be expected of the future. But it's true most hoarders create a future that is based on past experience. So there is more to explore here.
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I know exactly how they feel. I love all the snow but I lost count on how many times I've fallen on the ice. Growl.
This is heavily textured because it was very very grainy and if it wasn't so friggin' cool I would have scrapped it because of the poor quality.
The NebuAd logo, used to illustrate an article I'm writing about the company and their behavioral advertising technology.
Also, in this update, lawmakers have asked Charter *not* to share data with NebuAd.
NEW 9/4/08: NebuAd Aborts Big Brother!